Laminated glazing and process

Abstract

To provide a laminated glazing with reduced optical distortion, and a process for manufacturing the same.SOLUTION: A laminated glazing comprises: a first glass ply having a first surface and a second surface; a second glass ply having a third surface and a fourth surface; at least one polymer ply located between the first and second glass plies; and an obscuration band around at least a portion of the periphery of the laminated glazing, the obscuration band having at least one sensor window and comprising a first obscuration layer and a second obscuration layer, wherein the first glass ply has the first obscuration layer, the first obscuration layer comprising a first sensor window portion having a first sensor window portion optical distortion, and wherein the second glass ply has the second obscuration layer, the second obscuration layer comprising a second sensor window portion having a second sensor window portion optical distortion.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1(a)

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to laminated glazing, automotive glazing, and methods for manufacturing such glazing. The present invention relates to a process for producing the same. [Background technology]

[0002] Laminated together by a plastic interlayer (e.g., polyvinyl butyral, PVB) Laminated glazing, which contains two sheets of glazing material, usually glass, is used in architectural and It is particularly useful in automotive glazing.

[0003] Windshields and other increasingly popular automotive glazing are typically made of laminated glazing. The ring may have an obscuration band surrounding it. The covert band is often black or a very dark color and is generally invisible to visible light (and and in many cases other wavelengths (e.g. UV). It helps to hide components on the glazing and also holds the glazing in place, for example. It also helps provide UV protection to the adhesive used to bond the

[0004] The hidden band may be produced using enamel. Such enamel, once fired, The hidden band is made by screening enamel ink onto the glass, making it resistant to weathering and wear. It can be applied by printing. Enamel inks improve their screen printing properties. It usually contains frit (flux), pigment and liquid ingredients (such as oil) to After screen printing, the enamel ink is cured (by UV irradiation, etc.) or dried (for about 300 ℃), and then heated to a high temperature and baked to melt the flux. This ensures good adhesion to the glass surface.

[0005] The surface of the laminated glazing shall be coated with the exterior of the vehicle or building to which the glazing is attached. It is common practice to number the surfaces starting from the surface facing the part. 1 is the exterior facing surface and is the exposed surface. It contains two plies of glazing material. In a laminate, surface 1 is the exterior surface of the outward facing ply. Surface 2 is the interior facing surface of the outer ply. Surface, i.e. the surface of the exterior ply that faces towards the interior of the vehicle or building. Surface 2 is in contact with the intermediate layer of plastic and is covered by the intermediate layer of plastic. Surface 3 is the outward facing surface of the interior ply, i.e., the surface of the vehicle or building Surface 3 is the surface of the inner ply that faces the exterior. Like surface 2, surface 3 is the surface of the plastic It is not an exposed surface because it is in contact with the interlayer of the quartz and covered by the interlayer of plastic. Thus, Surface 2 and Surface 3 are unexposed or covered surfaces. Surface 4 is the interior surface of the inward facing ply, i.e., the exposed surface facing the interior of the vehicle or building.

[0006] In laminated glass, for example windshields, the hidden band is located on the surface 4 or on the laminate. It may be printed on the inner surface (e.g., surface 2, the glass / polymer interface inside the laminate). Glazing with a hidden band on each ply of glass is usually made by applying enamel to the glass substrate. After application, each glass substrate is heated to a high temperature to form the laminate. Printing hidden bands on the surface (e.g. surface 2 or surface 3) can sometimes result in perspective distortion (p WO-A-2017 / 159452 proposes a method for making laminated glass In one embodiment, the method includes printing on surface 2 and surface 4, and a hidden band. Reduced perspective distortion up close.

[0007] Often the enamel is fired by a heating step. After molding, the printed areas of the glass and Optical distortions can occur associated with the boundaries of non-printed areas. Such optical distortions are called "bare" distortions. Sometimes called "burnlines," they tend to run parallel to the boundary. .

[0008] By modifying the bending process parameters, such as the temperature profile, and / or Or by designing, building and attaching a shield to the glass bending tool / mold. Attempts have been made to reduce or eliminate burn lines.

[0009] EP-A-0415020 describes a method for adding decorative effects without adversely affecting the optical quality of the glass. The present invention discloses a method for preferentially heating a glass sheet having a ceramic enamel boundary. Preferential heating occurs when the enamel heats up faster than the glass. Using a heater that radiates thermal energy at a selected wavelength that is readily absorbed by the In one particular embodiment, a glass having a ceramic enamel boundary is used. The glass is preheated to a temperature above its strain point temperature. The coated glass is then The glass is then exposed to a quartz heater to preferentially heat it to a temperature high enough to bake the enamel onto the glass. The ceramic enamel is then cooled to the temperature of the rest of the glass.

[0010] US-B-5,443,669 describes a multi-layered spool having a single or double curvature, particularly for automotive applications. Process for manufacturing laminated glass sheets, more specifically glass sheets with a printed pattern In particular, in the manufacture of glass sheets for automobile windshields, where the printing pattern may be a boundary, The printed pattern is formed using enamel ink. will be done.

[0011] Unfortunately, such attempted solutions are insufficient and the design of the tool shielding , disadvantages include high additional costs and time to build, install, and optimize. Also, the shielding is not recommended because it affects the forming of the rest of the glass. General optical quality is additionally introduced in terms of glass forming in other areas. Moreover, the attempted solution was to prevent the This could lead to further aesthetic problems caused by the enamel ink on the hidden band. Not sleeping.

[0012] A more successful solution to the burn line problem is described in WO-A-2017 / 0683 As described in 68, the properties of the enamel can be modified to allow for near infrared and infrared radiation. Increasing the spectral reflectance in the R (infrared) wavelength range (this is especially true for medium and high Reduce the difference in emissivity between printed and unprinted glass surfaces at high temperatures (which may be equivalent to:

[0013] Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) systems (manufactured by Mobileye and other manufacturers) Systems such as autonomous driving (such as road safety systems) are becoming commonplace in vehicles and include lane departure warning, automatic emergency braking, and These systems can be used for rake, high beam assist, speed limit identification, and other applications. Most of the stems are typically attached to the inside surface of the windshield (i.e., surface 4). The preferred location for mounting the camera is on the front guard. Towards the top of the glass, generally in the middle or symmetrically about the windshield centerline Generally, this is done near the rear-view mirror, which is usually located in the same part of the windshield. The camera is often placed behind a hidden band (when viewed from the outside of the vehicle). ,Thus, ,constituting ,a ,hidden ,band ,where ,the ,camera ,can ,view ,the ,area ,in ,front ,of ,the ,vehicle. It is necessary to provide areas that are free of enamel, ink, etc.

[0014] The area free of the hidden band may take the form of, for example, an opening or recess in the hidden band. This is commonly called the "camera window." So, for example, The vehicle may or may not be surrounded by a concealment band. The same considerations apply to the windshield surface4, often located in the same portion of the windshield. This term also applies to sensors such as rain or light sensors that are placed in This can be generalized as a "sensor window."

[0015] Optical distortions from the camera window can limit the effectiveness of camera and ADAS applications. US-A-2018 / 118116 limits the effectiveness of the upper central area of ​​the windshield. The present application discloses a vehicle camera system including a blackout layer disposed in a vehicle viewing area. -1605729 heats the viewing zone and thereby causes icing or other damage to visibility through the viewing zone. The device includes an imaging device for viewing through a viewing zone that includes a resistive heating element that reduces the effects of condensation. The document discloses a vehicle windshield that has two and a vehicle glazing having a first printed area and an optical effect of the first printed area being greater than that of the second printed area. This can be compensated for by the optical effect of the region. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0016] ADAS camera window in or near a hidden band printed on the laminated glazing There is a need to further reduce the optical distortion of laminated glazing, including dows. As performance demands increase, the amount of optical distortion that can be tolerated on ADAS camera windows is becoming increasingly complex. This is especially true as the degree of

[0017] It is an object of the present invention to address the above needs. [Means for solving the problem]

[0018] Thus, the present invention provides in a first aspect a method for producing a composition comprising: A laminated glazing, comprising: a first ply of glass having a first surface and a second surface; a second ply of glass having a third surface and a fourth surface; At least one glass ply located between the first and second glass plies A polymer ply; a concealment band around at least a portion of the periphery of the laminated glazing, comprising at least a first hidden layer and a second hidden layer; A hidden band is provided. The first ply of glass may be disposed at least about the perimeter of the first surface or the second surface. The first hidden layer is attached to a portion of the first sensor window. at least one first sensor window having an optical distortion of the window, a first ply of glass; The second ply of glass may extend along at least the periphery of the third surface or the fourth surface. The second hidden layer is attached to a portion of the second sensor window. at least one second sensor window portion having an optical distortion of the window portion; a second ply of glass; The optical distortion of the first sensor window portion and the optical distortion of the second sensor window portion The optical distortion of the sensor window is controlled by controlling the optical distortion of the sensor window. The absolute magnitude is determined by the optical distortion of the first sensor window and the optical distortion of the second sensor window. -Provide laminated glazing with optical distortions smaller than the absolute magnitude of windows .

[0019] This is highly advantageous. ("Optical distortion of the sensor window") is controlled to reduce the The overall optical distortion can be balanced, resulting in a sensor with laminated glazing. - The distortion across the entire window is significantly reduced, allowing, for example, ADAS camera systems to This is because it leads to a clearer field of vision.

[0020] In glazing, optical distortions usually occur at the observer (or Optical power (O Optical power is usually a property of glazing that can cause optical distortion. Optical power is generally measured in dioptres (1 / m; The reciprocal of the focal length of the lens, P=1 / f, or more commonly, millidiopters. es) (mdpts: 1mdpt=0.001 diopters). In this document, optical distortion and optical power are used interchangeably unless the context requires otherwise. do.

[0021] Surprisingly, the inventors of the present invention have found that, in general, the optics of the sensor window portion of each ply Although the specific distortion is not always high, when stacked with other plies, the overall optical power is higher. This can result in surface inconsistencies that can result in optical distortions. The optical distortion of the two plies, especially the sensor window area of ​​each ply, was By balancing these two, the present invention is able to achieve an overall reduction in optical power / distortion. By balancing the optical distortion of the sensor window of each ply, the overall optical The optical distortion of the sensor windows in each ply is reduced by These are controlled to balance or compensate each other, resulting in a smaller net distortion. This not only significantly reduces the overall magnitude of distortion / optical power, but also reduces the overall glazing This also has the effect of reducing the sudden change in optical power / optical distortion. The optical distortions of the two plies are equal and opposite so that they cancel each other out. It becomes.

[0022] The present invention also provides a first ply of glass having a first surface and a second surface; a second ply of glass having a third surface and a fourth surface; At least one extending between the first ply of glass and the second ply of glass. a polymer intermediate ply; a concealment band around at least a portion of the periphery of the glazing; At least one sensor window in the hidden band, A band is provided on the first ply of glass and the second ply of glass. a sensor window comprising a cover layer and a second concealed layer, And, The first ply of glass may be disposed at least about the perimeter of the first surface or the second surface. The first hidden layer is provided in part of the first optical distortion. a first ply of glass having at least one first sensor window portion having a first ply of glass; and The second ply of glass may extend along at least the periphery of the third surface or the fourth surface. The second hidden layer is provided in part of the second optical fiber. The second hidden layer is provided in part of the second optical fiber. a second ply of glass having at least one second sensor window portion having a first ply of glass; and the first hidden layer and the second hidden layer are formed of enamel; and The configuration of the sensor window portion and at least one characteristic of the enamel are The optical distortions associated with each of the sensor window portions compensate for each other to The present invention provides a laminated glazing that is selected to reduce the net optical distortion in the glazing. Provide.

[0023] Preferably, the selected property of the enamel is its infrared reflectance.

[0024] The first sensor window portion and the second sensor window portion are preferably visible. The ADAS camera is laminated glazing that has a sufficiently high light transmittance in the spectral range. Currently, ADAS cameras and other sensors allow vehicles to see through the In most countries, the windshield is fitted with at least Apart from regulatory requirements, the visible light transmittance of the (e.g. according to ISO 9050) is preferably more than 55%, more preferably more than 60%, At most, more than 70%, and most preferably more than 75%. This reduces the minimum light transmission required for ADAS cameras to function adequately. They are attached to other glazing, e.g. backlights (i.e. rear windows). Such glazing may be less than 20% (privacy glazing) or less than 30%, or less than 40%, or less than 50% visible light transmittance It is possible.

[0025] Generally, the concealment layer, and therefore the concealment band, is determined according to the ISO 9050 visibility of the concealment layer of the glazing. The light transmittance is 1% or less, preferably 0.5% or less, and more preferably 0.1% or less. For example, the optical filter may be configured to be substantially opaque to visible light.

[0026] The glass substrate of each ply of glass does not have to be shaped (e.g., flat glass). The substrate is preferably a molded glass substrate, and has a thickness of, for example, 1 mm to 5 mm. etc. Typically the hidden layer is a layer of a material that is not visible, e.g. to form a windshield for an automobile. It is applied to a flat glass substrate which is then shaped.

[0027] The polymer plies are made of PVB (usually less than 1mm thick, e.g. 0.76mm thick). If greater performance or functionality (e.g. solar control) is required The plastic ply is sandwiched between two PVB plies (e.g., 0.3 to 0.5 mm thick, each ply). The additional plastic ply may be, for example, made of PET. To provide such solar control, a solar control coating (e.g., having at least one silver layer and two or more dielectric layers) You may do so.

[0028] The concealing layer may be pigmented to provide sufficient concealment, preferably very dark; More preferably, it may be a visible color that is substantially black. The hidden layer, and therefore the hidden band, is usually , forming a band around at least a portion of the periphery of the glazing.

[0029] Typically, the first sensor window portion and the second sensor window portion are substantially It is smudge-free.

[0030] In one embodiment, the shape of the first sensor window portion is different from that of the second sensor window portion. The shape of the first sensor window portion may be different from that of the first sensor window portion, thereby reducing the optical distortion and The optical distortion of the first sensor window portion and the second sensor window portion can be controlled.

[0031] Therefore, the shape of the first sensor window portion and / or the shape of the second sensor window portion may be changed. The dough portions may independently be square, rectangular, trapezoidal, oval, or circular in shape.

[0032] Typically, the first sensor window portion and / or the second sensor window portion are each Each of the first and second hidden layers is partially or completely surrounded by the first and / or second hidden layers. The first hidden layer and / or the second hidden layer may include a first sensor window portion and / or a second sensor window portion. or one, two, three or four sides of the second sensor window It may be on the side.

[0033] To improve the control of optical distortion of the window, the first sensor window or At least a portion of the periphery of the second sensor window portion may be patterned. Dots, Lines, Fade Out, Feather Edge, or Sawtooth Fade Out at your discretion. may include:

[0034] In another embodiment of the present invention, the first hidden layer and the second hidden layer have different infrared reflectivities. The first sensor window portion may be formed of a material having a This allows for control of the distortion and optical distortion of the second sensor window portion.

[0035] For example, the first hidden layer and / or the second hidden layer may have a relatively high infrared reflectance. so that at least a portion of the first hidden layer and / or the second hidden layer is 80 It has an infrared reflectance of 21% or more over the wavelength range of 0 nm to 2250 nm. The infrared reflectance of the above part is 2.0 to 2.25 nm over the wavelength range of 800 nm to 2250 nm. 4% or more, preferably 27% or more, more preferably 30% or more, and even more preferably 3 It may be 2% or more, even more preferably 35% or more, and most preferably 37% or more. The wavelength range of 00 nm to 2250 nm is 400 nm or more, preferably 450 nm or more. More preferably, it may range to 550 nm or more, and most preferably to 610 nm or more.

[0036] Infrared reflectance was measured using a spectrophotometer (such as the Perkin Elmer Lambda 9500). ) can be used to measure in the above wavelength range.

[0037] The important property is the difference in infrared reflectance between the first hidden layer and the second hidden layer. The difference is that one hidden layer has a typical infrared reflectance in the range of, for example, 17% to 20%. On the other hand, the other hidden layer, as mentioned above, has a high infrared reflectance of, for example, 21% or more, Or it may have a low infrared reflectance, for example 16% or less. Alternatively, one hidden layer may have high infrared reflectance and the other hidden layer may have low infrared reflectance. Preferably, the difference in infrared reflectance between the first and second hidden layers is small. at least 5%, 7%, 9%, 12%, 15%, 18% or 21%.

[0038] Therefore, in general, the hidden layer with high infrared reflectance is 30-50%, depending on the process conditions. The covert layer, which does not provide a particularly high infrared reflectance, may have an average infrared reflectance of 8 The reflectance of the film may be about 17% or less or 20% or less in the infrared range of 00 to 2000 nm. On the other hand, highly reflective enamels may have reflectances of 30% or greater throughout most of the range.

[0039] The second hidden layer and / or the first hidden layer may have a relatively low infrared reflectance, As a result, at least a portion of the first hidden layer and / or the second hidden layer is 800 nm to 22 It has an infrared reflectance of 20% or 16% or less over the entire wavelength range of 50 nm.

[0040] The first hidden layer and / or the second hidden layer may comprise enamel. The inorganic pigments include iron chromium pigments, ferrite pigments, chromium pigments, and inorganic pigments. Mite pigments, or ferrite / chromite (also known as iron chromite) pigments may be selected from:

[0041] The enamel comprises selecting suitable infrared and / or near infrared reflective pigments, and The appropriate (e.g. high or low) radiation can be achieved by including an appropriate amount of infrared reflective pigment in the enamel. The enamel may be configured to provide reflectance properties. The enamel may be configured to provide reflectance properties of 10% to 50% by weight of inorganic pigments. %, preferably 10% to 40% by weight, and more preferably 12% to 32%. The enamel may contain 20% to 80% by weight of frit.

[0042] The oxide frits include silica, titania, alumina, zirconia, and fluoride ions. Compounds that can be used for this purpose (e.g., fluorite, fluorapatite, cryolite, etc.), bis(trimethylsilyl) oxide, Mass, zinc oxide, boron oxide, potassium oxide, sodium oxide, calcium oxide, oxide Barium oxide, lead oxide, lithium oxide, phosphorus oxide, molybdenum oxide, strontium oxide, and and magnesium oxide.

[0043] Suitable inorganic pigments are Fe / Cr pigments, Co / Al pigments, Co / Al / Cr pigments, Co / Ti pigment, Co / Cr pigment, Ni / Fe / Cr pigment, Ti / Cr / Sb pigment, Fe pigment, Cr pigments, and / or mixtures of two or more of these pigments. do.

[0044] Thus, inorganic pigments are ferrochrome pigments, ferrite pigments, chromite pigments, or fluorite pigments. Ferrite / chromite (also known as iron chromite) pigments may be selected .

[0045] Depending on the nature of the design of the laminated glazing, the enamel of the first glass ply and the second The enamel on the glass plies can be either high infrared reflectance enamel or low infrared reflectance enamel. may be independently selected.

[0046] The infrared reflectance of the first hidden layer or the second hidden layer may be different infrared reflectances or different The emissivity can be controlled by using an appropriate enamel.

[0047] Therefore, the enamel of the first hidden layer and / or the enamel of the second hidden layer may have a low red color. The enamel may be selected from a high infrared reflectance enamel or a high infrared reflectance enamel, whereby , the optical distortion of the first sensor window portion and the optical distortion of the second sensor window portion Allows distortion control.

[0048] Therefore, the infrared reflectance of high infrared reflectance enamel is 800nm ​​to 2250nm. The infrared reflectance can be 21% or more over the entire wavelength range. 24% or more, preferably 27% or more, more preferably 24% or more, more preferably 27% or more, more preferably 24% or more, 30% or more, even more preferably 32% or more, even more preferably 35% or more, most preferably Preferably, it may be 37% or more.

[0049] The wavelength range of 800 nm to 2250 nm is 400 nm or more, preferably 450 nm or more. m or more, more preferably 550 nm or more, and most preferably 610 nm or more.

[0050] The periphery of either the first sensor window portion or the second sensor window portion is A hidden frame section with lower (or higher) infrared reflectivity than the hidden layer on the rest of the ply and / or a lower (or higher) infrared reflectance than the concealing layer on the other glass plies With a hidden frame portion, further control of optical distortion may be achieved.

[0051] That is, the periphery of the second sensor window portion may include a hidden frame portion.

[0052] The use of ceramic / enamel for the hidden layer / band uses known processes and is The proven durability and performance of enamel is advantageous. The coating layer is useful at the glazing edge to protect the bond to the vehicle. The use of ceramics is more likely to result in a loss of other properties than those applied to the sensor window. The present invention eliminates the need to match the optical distortion / optical power with the ceramic layer. This allows the optical distortion / optical power to be reduced close to that of molded glass that does not have It offers great advantages: the use of a hidden layer formed by a ceramic layer (i.e. enamel) This is because it is advantageous in itself.

[0053] In another embodiment, the first and second sensor window portions are different sizes. That is, one of the two sensor window portions may be larger than the other. For example, the first sensor window portion is larger than the second sensor window portion. More specifically, the first sensor window portion may have an x-axis dimension and / or a y-axis dimension. and the second sensor window portion may have an x-axis dimension and / or a y-axis dimension. and the x-axis dimension and / or the y-axis dimension of the first sensor window portion are greater than or equal to the x-axis dimension and / or the y-axis dimension of the second sensor window portion. The x-axis dimension and / or the y-axis dimension of the surface window are different from each other, thereby The optical distortion of the first sensor window portion and the optical distortion of the second sensor window portion Allows for control.

[0054] The x-axis dimension of the first sensor window portion is smaller than the x-axis dimension of the second sensor window portion. and / or the y-axis dimension of the first sensor window portion is greater than the y-axis dimension of the second sensor window portion. It may be larger than the y-axis dimension of the sensor window portion.

[0055] The smaller window portion is spaced at each end of the dimension relative to the larger window portion. Preferably, the smaller window is placed so that there is an offset in the The window sections are oriented so that there is an offset at each end of the dimension relative to the larger window section. The offsets at each end of the dimension may be substantially the same or may be different.

[0056] Optical distortion of the first sensor window portion and / or the second sensor window portion The optical distortion of the sensor window is expected to contribute to the optical power / optical distortion of the sensor window. Therefore, the first sensor window portion and / or the second sensor window portion are -405 to +405 millidiopters range, optional -310 to +310 millidiopters It is preferable that the optical distortion of the first sensor is controlled within a certain range. The sensor window and / or the second sensor window have a resolution of -205 to +205 mm. A range of diopters, optionally in the range of -185 to +185 millidiopters, preferably It has an optical distortion range of -155 to +155 millidiopters.

[0057] The present invention is highly advantageous in that it reduces the optical distortion of the first sensor window portion and the optical distortion of the second sensor window portion. Controlling (and balancing) the optical distortion of the sensor window is the key to the sensor window. This brings about a significant improvement in the measurement window, especially in the ±250mdpt (i.e., sensor window) The absolute magnitude of optical distortion is ±250mdpt, ±245mdpt, ±205mdpt pt, ±200mdpt, ±195mdpt, ±190mdpt, ±175mdpt, ± 165mdpt, ±160mdpt, ±157mdpt, ±152mdpt, ±147m dpt, ±145mdpt, ±142mdpt, ±137mdpt, ±132mdpt, ±127mdpt, ±122mdpt, ±117mdpt, ±112mdpt, ±107 mdpt, ±102mdpt, ±97mdpt, ±92mdpt, ±87mdpt, ±8 2mdpt, ±77mdpt, ±72mdpt, ±67mdpt, ±65mdpt, ±6 Sensor win with optical power / optical distortion range of 2mdpt or ±60mdpt This is because it can lead to dough.

[0058] The optical distortion / optical power range can be wider or narrower, depending on the glazing slope. It may depend on the angle, window size, window design, and bending process.

[0059] To reduce condensation and / or ice on the sensor window, The thermal window section may be a heating device, for example comprising an electrical resistance heating wire or other conductor; The heating grid may include an electric

[0060] Laminated glazing should preferably be used with two or more sensors or cameras. Therefore, in some cases, laminated glazing may have two or more sensor windows. The window may include:

[0061] The present invention relates in a second aspect to a motor vehicle comprising a laminated glazing according to the first aspect of the invention. Provide windshields for:

[0062] In a third aspect, the present invention provides a method for producing a pharmaceutical composition comprising the steps of: 1. A process for producing molded laminated glazing, comprising: A first glass substrate having a first surface and a second surface and a third surface and a fourth surface. providing a second glass substrate having a surface of At least a first portion of the first surface or the second surface of the first glass substrate. applying a first hidden layer to the first sensor, the first hidden layer being At least one first sensor window portion having an optical distortion of the sensor window portion. Prepare, Steps, At least a first portion of the third surface or the fourth surface of the second glass substrate. applying a second hidden layer to the second sensor, the second hidden layer being At least one second sensor window portion having an optical distortion of the sensor window portion. Prepare, Steps, Optionally, the first glass substrate and the second glass substrate are heated to a temperature of greater than 570° C. Shaping the first glass substrate and the second glass substrate by heating. and, At least one polymer plate is disposed between the first glass substrate and the second glass substrate. placing the A stacking step for stacking the first glass substrate, the polymer ply, and the second glass substrate. and The optical distortion of the first sensor window portion and the second sensor window portion By controlling the optical distortion of the sensor window, the absolute magnitude of the optical distortion of the sensor window can be However, the optical distortion of the first sensor window portion and the optical distortion of the second sensor window portion To provide a process in which the absolute magnitude of optical distortion is reduced.

[0063] The present invention can be used in any forming process used on flat glass, whether in a vehicle or building. For example, forming can be performed by press bending, i.e., by placing the material in a heated position between opposing bent molds. By pressing the softened glass sheet or by sagging (gravity) bending, i.e. The heat-softened glass sheet is typically supported by a sagging bending mold in a rail furnace while being pressed against its own weight. The shaping can be carried out by deforming the heat-softened glass sheet with a This can also be done by die-assisted sag bending, but part of the sheet is also small. It is pressed into place by a rod or mold.

[0064] Different forming processes tend to produce different optical powers in the glass plies. For example, it was found that sag bends suffer from burn lines that are strongly concentrated at surface 4. On the other hand, the burn line developed on surface 2 has a more moderate force and is more diffuse, i.e. This trend is being driven by the use of infrared reflective ink on surface 4. and thereby attenuating the optical power generated at surface 4 and the optical power generated at surface 2. and surface 4. In this way, a reduction in net optical distortion is achieved. is achieved.

[0065] On the one hand, press bending tends to weaken the burn lines on surface 4, but on the other hand, The line size is variable and appears to be highly dependent on the characteristics of the parts being manufactured. If the burn line on surface 2 is stronger than on surface 4, then, counterintuitively, Inks with low infrared reflectance may be used, actually increasing the optical distortion of the surface. However, by better balancing the distortion of surface 2, a smaller net light Or, if the burn line on surface 2 is weaker than on surface 4, the two Depending on the absolute magnitude of the distortion and the inks available, the reflectance at surface 4 may increase. Alternatively, a highly reflective ink may be used on surface 2. stomach.

[0066] Therefore, burn lines to the molding process in use, especially the red of the ink used It is desirable to select an approach to reduce properties such as ambient light reflectance.

[0067] Applying the first and second hidden layers includes applying an enamel ink. The enamel ink may include an inorganic pigment and a frit.

[0068] Other features of the third aspect are generally as described above in relation to the first aspect, with appropriate mutatis mutandis. This is the case. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0069] The invention will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings in which: [Figure 1(a)] FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of one embodiment of laminated glazing according to the present invention. [Figure 1(b)] FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a portion of the glazing of FIG. 1(a) taken along line AA. [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view of another embodiment of a laminated glazing according to the present invention. [Figure 3(a)] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a sensor window used in the examples (second window portion on surface 4 is larger than the first window portion on surface 2 and has an offset at the top, bottom and sides). [Figure 3(b)] Schematic diagram of the sensor window used in the examples (the second window portion on surface 4 is larger again (compared to the first window portion on surface 2), with faded out top and bottom, and offsets on the top, bottom and sides). [Figure 3(c)] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a sensor window used in the examples (a second window portion on a larger surface 4 with an offset all around it (compared to a first window portion on surface 2) and a high infrared reflectance / low emissivity hidden frame around the second window portion on surface 4). [Figure 4] 1 is a graph of optical power versus pixel position for Example 1. [Diagram 5] 11 is a graph of optical power versus pixel position for Example 2. [Figure 6] 13 is a graph of optical power versus pixel position for Example 3. [Figure 7] 13 is a graph of optical power versus pixel position for Example 4. [Figure 8] 13 is a graph of optical power versus pixel position for Example 5. [Figure 9] 1 shows alternative schematic diagrams of sensor windows of various designs illustrating the shapes of a first window portion on surface 2 (S2) and a second window portion on surface 4 (S4). DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0070] FIG. 1(a) shows a laminated glazing 2 according to the invention. The laminated glazing 2 is A windshield for a car. The laminated glazing 2 is an intermediate layer extending between the glass plies. It comprises two plies of glass laminated together by a layer. The interlayer is a polymer plastic. plies of laminated material, such as plies of polyvinyl butyral (PVB). The glazing 2 has a peripheral concealment band 6 surrounding the transparent portion 4 of the glazing 2. Band 6 is optically opaque, hiding parts of the vehicle and protecting the adhesive from UV light. Protect.

[0071] A hidden band 6 at the top edge of the windshield (if fitted to the vehicle) contains an optical Transparent Advanced Driver Assistance System (ADAS) camera sensor window 10, i.e. hidden There is an enamel-free area on Band 6. When installed in a vehicle, it is used for ADAS camera sensors. The camera forms an image seen through the top of the windshield. This makes it possible.

[0072] When the glass plies are heated to the high temperature required for bending, the transparent part 4 of the glazing 2 and A section of the glazing with a black hidden band 6 compared to a transparent camera window 10 Differences in the heating rate are observed over the course of 10 min. These differences in heating rate are due to the local temperature difference in the glass. These in turn cause differences in the viscosity of the heat-softened glass. It is believed that optical distortion may occur due to the lack of a transparent portion. The part of the glass ply that is connected to the sensor window 10 near the edge of the hidden band 6 It has been found to occur after heating / forming of the glass plies. The shaping may be performed by the method of sag bending or press bending, and as mentioned above, The degree and type of optical distortion may vary between methods. After cooling of the printed glass ply Optical distortion can also occur, which is also believed to be due to the occurrence of temperature differences.

[0073] FIG. 1(b) shows a cross section taken along line AA in FIG. 1(a). The laminated glazing 2 is the first glass ply 12 (facing the exterior of the vehicle when installed), the second glass ply 1 4, and a polymer interlayer 16 of PVB (typically 0.76 mm thick). The hidden bands 6 shown in Figure 1 are two in total, one on surface 2 of the glazing and one on surface 4. The hidden layer 18 of the surface 2 of black opaque enamel is the first sensor layer. The first outer side has an unprinted or transparent area that forms the window portion 15. Surface 2 of the glass ply 12 (i.e., the surface on the inside of the laminate that faces the interior of the vehicle) 1) printed on the non-exposed surface of the glass ply 12. 2) hidden surface of the black opaque enamel Layer 20 also has an unprinted area that forms second sensor window portion 17. and a surface 4 of the second glass ply 14 (i.e., the surface that faces the interior of the vehicle when installed) The first sensor window portion 15 and the second sensor window portion 16 are printed on the inner glass ply 14. and the second sensor window part 17 together form a sensor window in the laminated glazing 2. It forms a window 10 (e.g. for an ADAS camera).

[0074] The second sensor window portion 17 is the same as the first sensor window portion 17 in the embodiment of FIG. This creates an offset between the lower edges of the two sensor window sections. 19 is generated, and similarly, the upper end offset 21, offset 19, 21 is generated, the outer window part 15 and the upper and lower ends of the inner window portion 17, the difference in the vertical (i.e., y-axis) dimension is (After the glazing is installed, as shown in Figure 1(a)). Offset 19, 2 1 are substantially the same in the embodiment of FIG. 1, but may be different in other embodiments.

[0075] In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, both glass plies are formed by sag bends, Surprisingly, the larger inner window portion 17 is exposed to the hidden layer 18 of surface 2 and the hidden layer 19 of surface 4. The optical distortion from the hidden layer 20 is balanced against each other to obtain a full image of the sensor window 10. This tends to reduce the physical, i.e., net, optical distortion.

[0076] Figure 2 shows a laminated glazing 22 according to another embodiment of the invention. 22 is a windshield for an automobile. The laminated glazing 22 is a polymer interlayer. Two glass plates laminated together by a layer, e.g. polyvinyl butyral (PVB). The laminated glazing 22 includes a peripheral concealing layer surrounding the transparent portion 24 of the glazing. The concealment band 26 is optically opaque and conceals a portion of the vehicle. Also protects the adhesive from UV light.

[0077] A hidden band 26 at the top edge of the windshield (if installed on the vehicle) contains the left Two optically transparent windows, including a right sensor window 30 and a left sensor window 32. There is an Advanced Driver Assistance System (ADAS) camera sensor window. Sensor window The enamel on the hidden band 26 is missing. When installed in the vehicle, the sensor window 30, 32 are cameras that form an image seen through the top of the windshield. This makes it possible to do so.

[0078] As in the embodiment of FIG. 1, the black covert band 26 and the glazing 24 and clear cover are Due to the difference in heating rate between the transparent part of the merano window 30 and the transparent part, the optical distortion is 8, near the edge of the hidden band 26 and the sensor window This may occur after the heating / forming of the glass plies at 30, 32. The shaping may be performed by sag bending or press bending methods, and the degree of optical distortion and The number and type may vary between methods.

[0079] The hidden band in both embodiments is screen printed with enamel ink on the surface and is hardened. The enamel is formed by curing / drying the ink and then firing the ink. The lubricant comprises a borosilicate glass frit and at least one inorganic pigment (e.g., iron and / or or chromium-containing).

[0080] FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of the camera / sensor window used in the examples. In each of 3(a), 3(b) and 3(c), the hidden band 40 is located in the sensor window. In FIG. 3(a), the first sensor window portion of the surface 2 has a do 42. The second sensor window portion 44 of the large surface 4 is offset to the top and has a 5 mm side (all That is, the sensor window portion of the surface 4 is located above and below the sensor window portion of the surface 2. In Figure 3(b), the lateral side is 5 mm larger and the bottom is offset by 8 mm. A second sensor window on the larger surface 4 with an offset as in FIG. 3(a) The section also has sawtooth fade-outs 46 at the bottom and top of the window section. The 46th edge is added to the top and bottom edges (instead of subtracted from them), As a result, the black print is oriented more toward the center of the sensor window than in the arrangement of Figure 3(b). Instead of a sawtooth pattern, dots, lines, or feather edges can be used. Other patterns such as ridges may be used. In Fig. 3(c), a 5 mm offset is used all around. The second sensor window portion 44 of the larger surface 4 is located on the surface within the hidden band 40. 4 is placed in a hidden frame 48, which is made of high infrared reflectance enamel ( an infrared reflectance greater than the infrared reflectance of the remainder of the hidden band on face 4; and (infrared reflectance of the enamel on surface 2).

[0081] Many variations in the configuration of these camera / sensor windows are possible. For example, the sensor window area of ​​surface 4 is smaller than the sensor window area of ​​surface 2. Furthermore, the offset does not have to be symmetrical and may be offset, i.e., up and down. Alternatively, the offset may be different on the left and right sides, or both.

[0082] FIG. 9 shows the surface 2 (S2) (i.e., the first sensor window portion) and the surface 4 (S 4) (i.e., the second sensor window portion) Figure 9(a) shows the general design of Figure 3(a), and Figure 9(b) shows the general design of Figure 3(a). ) shows the S4 sensor window section on one side, with a single bottom bar on S4. and (e) is the “hat” or “U” shape on three sides of S4, and Fig. 9(d) is the S Shows multiple bars / blocks of 4.

[0083] Laminated glazing as shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. 2 can generally be manufactured as follows. A flat glass substrate (e.g., soda lime float glass with a thickness of 2.1 mm) is placed on a silk screen. Screen printing with a doctor blade using clean and enamel inks (e.g. , 50~120 threads / cm polyester screen, e.g. 77 or 100 threads / cm The screen was subjected to a 100% polyester screen (100% polyester screen with 100% red / cm). forming a printed boundary and, optionally, bonding the boundary to the substrate by infrared radiation at a temperature of less than 300°C; The glass is then dried by exposing it to infrared radiation from a solar cell. Two printed glass plies are then attached to form the ply 12 and the inner second glass ply 14. The substrates are stacked and the stacked substrates are bent. At this stage, a heat source is applied and Normally, it is heated to a temperature of 570°C over 8 minutes or more, held at this temperature for 1 minute, and then Bend in standard bending moulds or frames by press bending or slack bending. The substrates are separated and cooled, after which a PVB intermediate layer (approximately 0. 76mm) are used for lamination.

[0084] Glazing can be carried out, for example, by a method that first involves pre-nipping with nip rollers, or The glass plies and the glass tube are sealed together using vacuum rings applied to the edges of the first and second plies of glass. The assembly of the PVB interlayer and the PVB layer may then be laminated by a degassing method. and the second glass ply and the PVB interlayer are resistant to a pressure range of 6 bar to 14 bar and and laminated together in an autoclave at a temperature range of 110°C to 150°C.

[0085] The present invention is further illustrated by, but not limited to, the following examples. EXAMPLES

[0086] In the examples, black enamel (e.g., Johnson Matthey 1L530, P Prince DV174100 and Prince DV17450, high infrared reflectance energy 3) and various sizes and shapes on surface 2 and surface 4 as shown in FIG. Using the shaped sensor window portion, a laminate window was fabricated according to the method described above. Another ink tested was Johnson Matthe, a medium performance ink. y 1L4755-WF789P.

[0087] The horizontal and vertical optical power of a number of individual laminated glazing samples was measured using filters. The optical power measurement system is equivalent to the ISRAVision AG standard system. The optical power integral length was measured at an angle of 55° (converted to a test angle of 60° for comparison). (e.g., 1 / 2 / 0 ISRA filter, 1 mm optical power measurement system) / 1mm filter equivalent).

[0088] The light transmittance of the visible spectrum 380-780nm is at least 5° measured at an installation angle. The rate was 4%.

[0089] The average vertical optical power along the centerline of each window is determined from top to bottom. The results are shown in the graphs in Figures 4 to 8. The x-axis is the time domain relative to the center of the window. The measurement position is in mm, so the top of the window is on the left (x=negative) and the The bottom of the graph is to the right (x=positive). The y-axis shows the optical power measured at each position in mdpt. However, it has been transformed to 60° as mentioned above.

[0090] [Example 1] In this embodiment, inks that generate standard levels of optical power are used. The results when the sensor window is located on surface 2 and surface 4 are shown in Fig. 4. There is a relative S2 / S4 offset of 8 mm at the bottom (the S4 window is Line D shows the optical power generated at surface 2, which is negative, and line E denotes the optical power generated at surface 4, which is also negative in the center of the window but negative above and below Line F shows the net optical power, which is the power at the top of the window, The absolute magnitude is reduced especially towards the bottom, but there is little improvement in the center. Figure 4 shows how balancing the opposing optical powers on the printed surface adjacent to the hidden layer can This shows how the optical distortion can be reduced compared to individual plies. The optical power generated at surface 2 is much weaker than that generated at surface 4, so the optimal result is The result has not yet been achieved.

[0091] [Example 2] In this embodiment, enamel with high infrared reflectance is used for the surface 4, and the results are shown in FIG. 5. The design of the windshield and the sensor window part is the same as in Example 1. However, the offset is 5mm all around (the S4 was about 5mm larger all around than the S2). As mentioned above, the hidden layer on surface 4 is made of enamel with high infrared reflectance (the enamel on surface 2 is made of enamel with high infrared reflectance). (Line A is standard enamel as in Example 1). Line B is the same as in Example 1. Line G represents the optical power generated on surface 4 by enamel with high infrared reflectivity. Line H shows the net optical power in the window; if this line is close to the x-axis This shows how much the optical distortion has been reduced. By selecting the ink, the ink is more easily printed on the opposite side of surface 2 (line D) than in Example 1. The resulting distortion profile was close to that of the combined system. The noise is further reduced significantly. For comparison, line I is printed as a baseline. The optical power shown is without the glass. The net optical power towards the bottom of the window is The optical power towards the top is actually better than that of the unprinted glass. It can be seen that the results are close to those of untreated glass.

[0092] [Example 3] In this embodiment, a windshield different from that in the first and second embodiments is used. As in Example 1, standard ink was used and the results are shown in Figure 6. The offset is the same as in Example 1, 5mm overall and 8mm at the bottom. Line J shows the optical power generated at surface 2, and line K shows the optical power generated at surface 4. Line L shows the coupled optical power. Different front glass designs were used. However, the results show the same effect as in Example 1. The optical power of the surface 4 (line K) is Since the absolute magnitude of the optical power in 2 (line J) is higher, the compensation effect is partial. That is, it is only achieved towards the bottom of the windshield.

[0093] [Example 4] In this embodiment, the windshield of the embodiment 3 is used, and the surface 4 is made of an enamel with high infrared reflectance. The results are shown in Fig. 7. The design is the same as in Example 3, but the offset is 5 mm all around (S4 is smaller than S2). The circumference was about 5 mm larger), and the hidden layer on surface 4 was made of enamel with high infrared reflectivity. Line J is the same as in Example 3, and line M is the same as in Example 3, where the enamel has high infrared reflectance. The line M is the x-axis as a mirror and the line M is the Note that the net optical power is shown by line N. Again, this is due to the design and use of the sensor window. With proper selection of the inks used, equal and opposite optical powers are achieved in the individual plies. , which can substantially cancel each other out after lamination. Line O indicates The baseline optical power of unprinted glass is shown for comparison. Optical Distortion is significantly reduced and approaches the optical distortion of unprinted glass.

[0094] [Example 5] This embodiment is based on the optical distortion / optical power and the design and energy of the sensor window. We present quite a few approaches to balancing the Mel combinations. The design of the windshield and sensor window is shown in Fig. 8. Although an S4 "cap" was used around one side (as in Fig. 9(c)), urchin) 2-3mm around all four sides of S2 (S4 is generally smaller than S2) The sensor window design is generally based on the design shown in Figure 1. 9(c). Line P shows the optical power for surface 2 with standard enamel, Line Q shows the optical power of surface 2 with high infrared reflectance enamel, and line T shows the The optical power of surface 4, which uses high infrared reflectance enamel, is shown. The front glass is made of two The sensors were fabricated using different configurations. One was where the sensor window on surface 4 was located on the sensor window on surface 2. The other is the sensor window part on the surface 2 (line R). - The window area is larger than the sensor window area of ​​surface 4 (line S). In both cases, the enamel had high infrared reflectivity. Both lines R and S were It can be seen that the improvement is seen across the plies (lines Q and T), but line R Gives the best overall results.

[0095] In summary, the present invention provides a method for improving the uniformity of the optical power profiles of the first and second plies of glass. By measuring the overall optical distortion and optical power for the sensor window, It is shown that the above results significantly reduce the [Explanation of symbols]

[0096] [Reference Number] 2:Laminated glazing 4: Transparent part of glazing 6:Hidden band 8: Around the transparent part 10: Sensor (e.g. ADAS camera) window 12: First (e.g., outer) glass ply 14: Second (e.g., inner) glass ply 15: First sensor window part 16: Polymer intermediate layer 17: Second sensor window 18: Hidden layer of surface 2 19: Bottom offset 20: Hidden layer of surface 4 21: Top offset 22:Laminated glazing 24: Transparent part of glazing 26:Hidden Band 28: Transparent area 30: Left sensor (e.g. ADAS camera) window 32: Right sensor (e.g. ADAS camera) window 40:Hidden band 42: Sensor window 44: Window offset for surface 4 46: Sawtooth Fade Out 48: Hidden frame (e.g., high infrared reflectance)

Claims

1. 1. A laminated glazing comprising: a first ply of glass having a first surface and a second surface; a second ply of glass having a third surface and a fourth surface; At least one glass ply located between the first and second glass plies A polymer ply; a concealment band around at least a portion of the periphery of the laminated glazing, comprising at least a first hidden layer and a second hidden layer; A hidden band is provided. The first ply of glass may be disposed at least about the periphery of the first surface or the second surface. The first hidden layer is attached to a portion of the first sensor window. at least one first sensor window portion having an optical distortion of the window portion; a first ply of glass; The second ply of glass is at least about the periphery of the third surface or the fourth surface. The second hidden layer is attached to a portion of the second sensor window. at least one second sensor window portion having an optical distortion of the window portion; a second ply of glass; The optical distortion of the first sensor window portion and the optical distortion of the second sensor window portion The optical distortion of the sensor window is controlled by controlling the optical distortion of the sensor window. The absolute magnitude is determined by the optical distortion of the first sensor window and the optical distortion of the second sensor window. - The absolute magnitude of optical distortion of the window is smaller than that of laminated glazing.

2. The shape of the first sensor window portion is the same as the shape of the second sensor window portion. By being different, the optical distortion of the first sensor window portion and the optical distortion of the second sensor window portion are 10. The laminated glazing of claim 1, which controls optical distortion in a thermal window portion.

3. The shape of the first sensor window portion and / or the shape of the second sensor window portion 10. The method according to claim 1, wherein the shape of the dough portion is a square, a rectangle, a trapezoid, an ellipse, or a circle.

2. A laminated glazing as described in 2.

4. The first sensor window portion and / or the second sensor window portion are partially or entirely by the first hidden layer and / or the second hidden layer, respectively. A laminated glazing according to any one of claims 1 to 3 which is enclosed.

5. The surroundings of the first sensor window portion or the second sensor window portion At least some of the patterns may be patterned, optionally with dots, lines, fade-outs, The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising feathered edges or sawtooth fade-outs. Laminated glazing.

6. The first hidden layer and the second hidden layer have different emissivity or infrared reflectivity. By forming the first sensor window portion from a material having a high optical distortion and a low front surface area, Any one of claims 1 to 5, which enables control of optical distortion of the second sensor window portion.

3. A laminated glazing according to claim 1.

7. At least a portion of the first hidden layer and / or the second hidden layer is 800 n The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device, and a method for manufacturing the semiconductor device, the method comprising the steps of: Item 7. The laminated glazing according to any one of items 1 to 6.

8. The first hidden layer and / or the second hidden layer comprises enamel, the enamel being The inorganic pigments include iron chromium pigments, ferrite pigments, chromium oxide pigments, and inorganic pigments. Romite pigments, or ferrite / chromite (also known as iron chromite) pigments 8. The laminated glazing according to claim 1 , wherein the laminated glazing is selected from the group consisting of:

9. The enamel of the first hidden layer and / or the enamel of the second hidden layer, Low emissivity enamel or low infrared reflectance enamel, or high emissivity enamel or high infrared reflectance enamel, so that the first sensor window portion is light-reflecting. and controlling the optical distortion of the second sensor window portion. Item 9. The laminated glazing according to any one of items 1 to 8.

10. Either the first sensor window portion or the second sensor window portion The perimeter has a lower (or higher) infrared reflectivity than the cover layer on the remainder of the ply. The reflectance of the concealed frame and / or the concealed layer on the other glass plies is lower ( 10. The method according to claim 1, further comprising:

13. The laminated glazing as described above.

11. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein the periphery of the second sensor window portion comprises the hidden frame portion.

11. Laminated glazing according to claim 10.

12. the first sensor window portion having an x-axis dimension and / or a y-axis dimension, The second sensor window portion has an x-axis dimension and / or a y-axis dimension, and the first The x-axis dimension and / or the y-axis dimension of the sensor window portion of the second sensor The x-axis dimension and / or the y-axis dimension of the surface window portion are different from each other, The optical distortion of the first sensor window portion and the optical distortion of the second sensor window portion A laminated glazing according to any one of claims 1 to 11, which allows for control of optical distortion. Gug.

13. The x-axis dimension of the first sensor window portion is greater than the x-axis dimension of the second sensor window portion. and / or the x-axis dimension of the first sensor window portion is greater than 13. The sensor window portion according to claim 12, wherein the y-axis dimension is greater than the y-axis dimension of the second sensor window portion.

2. A laminated glazing as described in claim 1.

14. The smaller window portion is spaced apart from the larger window portion at each end of the dimension.

14. The laminated glazing of claim 13, arranged such that there is an offset between the portions.

15. The first sensor window portion and / or the second sensor window portion are -405 to +405 millidiopters range, optionally -310 to +310 millidiopters - range, optionally -205 to +205 millidiopters range, optionally -185 to +18 5 millidiopters range, preferably between -155 and +155 millidiopters 15. A laminated glazing according to any one of claims 1 to 14, having optical distortion.

16. The sensor window is in the range of -195 to +195 millidiopters, optionally -1 Any of claims 1 to 15 having an optical distortion in the range of +45 to +145 millidiopters.

3. A laminated glazing according to claim 1.

17. 1. A process for producing molded laminated glazing, comprising: A first glass substrate having a first surface and a second surface and a third surface and a fourth surface. providing a second glass substrate having a surface of At least a first portion of the first surface or the second surface of the first glass substrate. applying a first hidden layer to the first hidden layer, the first hidden layer being a controlled first cell; At least one first sensor window having an optical distortion of the sensor window. and At least a first portion of the third surface or the fourth surface of the second glass substrate. applying a second hidden layer to the second hidden layer, the second hidden layer being a controlled second hidden layer; at least one second sensor window having an optical distortion of the sensor window; and Optionally, the first glass substrate and the second glass substrate are heated to a temperature of greater than 570° C. forming the first glass substrate and the second glass substrate by heating the first glass substrate to a predetermined temperature; P and At least one polymer layer is disposed between the first glass substrate and the second glass substrate. placing the A stacking step for stacking the first glass substrate, the polymer ply, and the second glass substrate. and The optical distortion of the first sensor window portion and the second sensor window portion By controlling the optical distortion of the sensor window, the absolute magnitude of the optical distortion However, the optical distortion of the first sensor window portion and the optical distortion of the second sensor window portion A process in which the absolute magnitude of optical distortion is reduced.

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