Bolt fastening structure using hole guard

Abstract

To provide a bolt fastening structure using a hole guard, which can quickly and firmly secure equipment without changing a lower structure such as a grating plate or steel pad with holes of various sizes.SOLUTION: Disclosed is a bolt fastening structure using a hole guard 100 that can be mounted on holes of various sizes. Since the bolt is fastened to the hole guard 100 already mounted on a lower structure, the fastening using the bolt is applicable to, e.g., a steel pad having large or elongated holes or a grating where the holes have been damaged to have inconsistent sizes. Moreover, a locking groove, into which a lower horizontal part of the bolt is inserted, or a protruding groove and a protrusion for rotation and fixation of the lower horizontal part is formed on a lower surface of the hole guard, so that both fixed and pivoting forms of the lower horizontal part can be secured upright to the hole guard 100.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a bolt fastening structure, and more particularly to a bolt fastening structure using a hole guard that can be attached to holes of various sizes. [Background technology]

[0002] Generally, in production facilities, equipment is fixed and installed on a substructure such as a grating plate. Usually, the grating plate is installed at a certain height from the ground, and pipes, wiring, etc. are installed under the grating plate. In this way, a number of grating plates are arranged at a certain height to form a shelf-like shape, and the height reaches about 4m to 10m. The production equipment is fixed and installed on the grating plate thus installed. The fixed installation is performed in a normal manner of fastening the corresponding equipment to the grating plate using a bracket. However, it is difficult to fix the equipment to the corresponding grating plate using a bracket without changing the position of the grating plate on the fixed grating plate on which the equipment is placed. As mentioned above, since the grating plate is installed at a certain height like a shelf, other workers must help from below the grating plate to tighten fasteners such as bolts and nuts. This takes time and is dangerous for the workers under the grating plate.

[0003] Meanwhile, when lifting a part of the grating plate installed like a shelf at a production site, serious safety accidents such as workers falling have occurred.

[0004] In addition, the holes in the grating plate where the bolts are fastened may be damaged, causing the holes to become irregular in size, or the damaged holes may make it impossible to use fasteners such as bolts and nuts, resulting in the grating plate itself having to be replaced.

[0005] Meanwhile, in addition to the grating plate with holes, various types of support plates such as a grating plate with lattice-shaped holes and a flat steel pad are used on the floor of a production site. The holes formed in the grating plate or steel pad with lattice-shaped holes are not uniform in size, but are larger than the holes formed in the grating plate, or have a lattice-shaped or elongated hole shape. Therefore, since a general bolt size cannot be attached to each of the various holes, a bolt fastening structure that can be fastened according to the size of each hole is required. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0006] [Patent Document 1] Korean Patent 10-0730721 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0007] The present invention has been made in consideration of the above-mentioned problems of the conventional technology, and provides a bolt fastening structure using a hole guard that can quickly and firmly fasten equipment without changing the lower structure such as a grating plate or a steel pad having holes of various sizes. [Means for solving the problem]

[0008] To solve the above problems, the bolt fastening structure using a hole guard of the present invention includes a lower structure located under equipment of an industrial facility and having a hole for fastening formed therein, a hole guard inserted into the hole of the lower structure and fixed thereto, an upper vertical portion having a screw thread formed therein, a lower horizontal portion formed from the lower part of the upper vertical portion to have a predetermined length on both sides centered on the upper vertical portion and a T-bolt inserted into and fixed in the hole guard, and a fall prevention washer fastened to the T-bolt in a ring shape and supported by the hole guard to prevent the T-bolt from falling to the bottom of the lower structure.

[0009] The hole guard may include a support part disposed on an upper part of the lower structure, a hole insertion part disposed on a lower part of the support part and inserted into a hole of the lower structure, and a bolt hole formed through the support part and the hole insertion part so that the T-shaped bolt can be inserted.

[0010] The hole insertion portion may have an outer diameter equal to an inner diameter of the hole formed in the lower structure.

[0011] The hole insertion portion may have a lower surface including a groove-shaped locking groove for fixing the T-bolt inserted into the hole guard to the hole guard.

[0012] The locking grooves may be formed on both sides of the bolt hole from a lower surface of the hole insertion portion.

[0013] The width of the locking groove may be greater than the thickness of the lower lateral portion.

[0014] The bolt hole may have an elongated shape such that the lower horizontal portion of the T-bolt passes through the hole insertion portion when the lower horizontal portion is inserted into the hole guard.

[0015] A lower surface of the hole insertion portion may include a protrusion having a protruding shape so that the T-shaped bolt inserted into the hole guard is fixed to the hole guard.

[0016] A lower side surface of the hole insertion portion may include a protruding groove formed such that the lower horizontal portion inserted into the hole insertion portion protrudes from the side surface of the hole insertion portion.

[0017] The lower horizontal portion may be integrally formed with the upper vertical portion and may be formed to have the same length on both sides of the upper vertical portion.

[0018] The lower horizontal portion may be integrally formed with the upper vertical portion and may be formed to have different lengths on both sides of the upper vertical portion.

[0019] The lower horizontal portion may have a protruding portion protruding from the hole insertion portion on one or both sides centered on the upper vertical portion such that the lower horizontal portion contacts a lower surface of the lower structure.

[0020] The lower horizontal portion is connected to a lower portion of the upper vertical portion by a pivot pin so that the lower horizontal portion can pivot about the lower portion of the upper vertical portion.

[0021] The upper vertical portion may include a rotation groove that allows the lower horizontal portion to be inserted into the upper vertical portion when the lower horizontal portion rotates.

[0022] The lower horizontal portion may be connected to the upper vertical portion by the pivot pin such that one side of the lower horizontal portion has a shorter length than the other side around the pivot pin.

[0023] One side end of the lower horizontal portion may include a rounded portion that is rounded so as to be inclined from an upper portion to a lower portion.

[0024] The depth of the rotation groove may be shorter than the length of one side and the other side of the lower horizontal portion.

[0025] The lower horizontal portion may have an inserted state in which the lower horizontal portion is inserted into the pivot groove so that the T-bolt is inserted into the hole guard, and a fixed state in which, after the T-bolt is inserted into the hole guard, the lower horizontal portion is rotated to be perpendicular to the upper vertical portion so that the T-bolt is fixed to the hole guard.

[0026] The bolt fastening structure using the hole guard of the present invention for solving the above problems includes a lower structure located under equipment of an industrial facility and having a hole for fastening formed therein, a hole guard having an outer diameter equal to the inner diameter of the hole formed in the lower structure and inserted into the hole of the lower structure to be fixed, an L-shaped bolt consisting of an upper vertical portion having a screw thread formed therein and a lower horizontal portion formed by extending from the lower end of the upper vertical portion via a bent portion and inserted into the hole guard, and a fall prevention washer that is ring-shaped, fastened to the L-shaped bolt, and supported by the hole guard to prevent the L-shaped bolt from falling to the bottom of the lower structure, and the hole guard includes a support portion disposed on the top of the lower structure, a hole insertion portion disposed on the bottom of the support portion and inserted into the hole of the lower structure, and a bolt hole formed through the support portion and the hole insertion portion so that the L-shaped bolt can be inserted.

[0027] A lower surface of the hole insertion portion may include a protrusion having a protruding shape so that the L-shaped bolt inserted into the hole guard is fixed to the hole guard. Effect of the Invention

[0028] According to the present invention, since the bolts are fastened with the hole guard attached to the lower structure, it is possible to fasten steel pads having large holes or large long holes, or gratings in which the holes are damaged and the size of the holes is not uniform, using bolts.

[0029] In addition, by forming an engagement groove into which the lower lateral portion of the bolt is inserted or a protruding groove and protrusion that rotates and fixes the lower lateral portion on the lower surface of the hole guard, either the fixed or rotating type of the lower lateral portion can be fixed upright to the hole guard.

[0030] In addition, since the hole guard and T-bolts or L-bolts can be used to install bolts from one direction for holes of various sizes, it can be used in a wide range of applications, such as floors at industrial sites, H-beam structures at construction sites, and hooks for ceilings or wall structures.

[0031] The technical effects of the present invention are not limited to those mentioned above, and other technical effects not mentioned will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the following description. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0032] [Figure 1] 1 is a diagram showing a bolt fastening structure utilizing a hole guard of the present invention. [Diagram 2] 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a bolt fastening structure utilizing a hole guard of the present invention. [Diagram 3] 1A and 1B are diagrams showing a hole guard according to a first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 4] FIG. 11 shows a hole guard according to a second embodiment of the present invention. [Diagram 5] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a T-bolt according to a first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 6] FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the state in which the T-bolt of the present invention is fastened to a lower structure using a hole guard. [Figure 7] FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a T-bolt according to a second embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 8] 8A and 8B are diagrams showing another embodiment of the T-bolt shown in FIGS. 5 and 7. FIG. [Figure 9] FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a T-bolt according to a third embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 10] FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a T-bolt according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 11] 11A and 11B are diagrams showing another embodiment of the T-bolt shown in FIGS. 9 and 10. FIG. [Figure 12-15] 1A to 1C are diagrams showing a method of installing a bolt fastening structure using the hole guard of the present invention. [Figure 16] FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing another embodiment of a bolt fastening structure utilizing a hole guard of the present invention. [Figure 17] 11A and 11B are diagrams showing another embodiment of a bolt fastening structure utilizing a hole guard of the present invention. [Figure 18] FIG. 11 shows a hole guard according to a third embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 19] FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a T-bolt according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 20] FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a fixed state of a T-bolt according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 21] FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an inserted state of a T-bolt according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 22] 13A to 13C are diagrams showing a method of connecting a hole guard according to a third embodiment of the present invention to a T-bolt according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. [Diagram 23] FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing still another embodiment of a bolt fastening structure using a hole guard according to the present invention. [Figure 24] 11A and 11B are diagrams showing still another embodiment of a bolt fastening structure using a hole guard of the present invention. [Diagram 25] FIG. 10 shows a hole guard according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 26] 13A to 13C are diagrams illustrating a method of fastening a T-bolt using a hole guard according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 27] FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing still another embodiment of a bolt fastening structure using a hole guard according to the present invention. [Figure 28] 11A and 11B are diagrams showing still another embodiment of a bolt fastening structure using a hole guard of the present invention. [Figure 29] FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an L-bolt of the present invention. [Figure 30-33]13A to 13C are diagrams showing a method of mounting a hole guard according to a third embodiment of the present invention and a bolt fastening structure using a T-bolt according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0033] Since the present invention can be modified in various ways and can have various embodiments, a specific embodiment is illustrated in the drawings and described in detail in the detailed description. However, this does not limit the present invention to the specific embodiment, but should be understood to include all modifications, equivalents, or alternatives included in the spirit and technical scope of the present invention. In describing the present invention, if a specific description of related publicly known technology is deemed to detract from the gist of the present invention, the detailed description will be omitted.

[0034] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the description with reference to the accompanying drawings, the same or corresponding components will be given the same drawing numbers, and duplicate descriptions thereof will be omitted.

[0035] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a bolt fastening structure utilizing a hole guard of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a bolt fastening structure utilizing the hole guard of the present invention. Referring to Figures 1 and 2, the bolt fastening structure using the hole guard of the present invention includes a hole guard 100, a T-bolt 200, a fall prevention washer 300, a buffer pad 400, a bracket 500, a flat washer 600, a coupling washer 700, a loosening prevention washer 800 and a fixing nut 900.

[0036] First, the hole guard 100 is attached to a lower structure in which fastening holes are formed on the floor below equipment in an industrial facility, and can be attached to steel pads (S) with large holes or large long holes or gratings with holes that are damaged and have irregular hole sizes that cannot be attached using only the T-bolt 200. That is, for general steel pads (S) or gratings (G) holes, equipment can be fixed to the steel pads (S) or gratings (G) using only the T-bolt 200, but for steel pads (S) with large holes or large long holes or gratings with holes that are damaged and have irregular hole sizes, the T-bolt 200 can be attached to the lower structure (G) using the hole guard 100.

[0037] FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a hole guard according to a first embodiment of the present invention. 3, the hole guard 100 according to the first embodiment of the present invention may include a plate-shaped support part 110 and a hole insert part 120 disposed under the support part 110. As an example, the support part 110 and the hole insert part 120 may be integrally formed. A bolt hole 101 into which a T-bolt 200 is inserted and mounted may be formed penetrating the support part 110 and the hole insert part 120.

[0038] The support part 110 has a plate shape, but may have a square or circular shape, and may have a size larger than the size of the hole formed in the lower structure S. That is, the support part 110 may be a portion supported by the upper surface of the lower structure S.

[0039] The hole inserting part 120 is disposed at the lower part of the support part 110 and can be inserted into the hole of the lower structure (S). The hole inserting part 120 can have a cylindrical shape having a predetermined height. In this case, the hole inserting part 120 can have the same shape and size as the size of the hole formed in the lower structure (S). For example, when the hole of the lower structure (S) has a large circular shape or is damaged and expanded, the hole inserting part 120 can be formed according to the size of the hole formed in the lower structure (S) or the size of the expanded hole. One or more of such hole inserting parts 120 can be disposed at the lower part of the support part 110 according to the equipment to be fixed on the lower structure (S).

[0040] When the hole insertion part 120 is inserted into the hole of the substructure (S), the hole guard 100 can be supported on the upper surface of the substructure (S) by the support part 110, thereby preventing the hole guard 100 from falling under the substructure (S).

[0041] In addition, when the hole insertion part 120 has a cylindrical shape having a predetermined height, it is preferable that the bolt hole 101 formed in the hole guard 100 has an elongated hole shape. This is so that when the T-bolt 200 is inserted into the bolt hole 101 of the hole guard 100, the lower lateral part 220 of the T-bolt 200 passes through the hole insertion part 120 having a predetermined height. As an example, the bolt fastening structure according to the present invention is installed by inserting the T-bolt 200 into the bolt hole 101 of the hole guard 100 from the lower lateral part 220 of the T-bolt 200 when the T-bolt 200 is inserted into the bolt hole 101 of the hole guard 100. Therefore, if the bolt hole 101 does not have an elongated hole shape due to the lower lateral part 220 of the T-bolt 200, the T-bolt 200 cannot be inserted into the bolt hole 101 without interfering with each other.

[0042] The lower part of the hole inserting part 120 may include a groove-shaped locking groove 102 for fixing the T-bolt 200. As an example, the locking groove 102 may be formed on both sides of the bolt hole 101 from the lower surface of the hole inserting part 120. At this time, the width of the locking groove 102 may be greater than the thickness of the lower horizontal part 220 of the T-bolt 200. Also, the depth of the locking groove 102 may have a predetermined depth that fixes the T-bolt 200 and prevents it from rotating when the lower horizontal part 220 of the T-bolt 200 is inserted into the locking groove 102. That is, the locking groove 102 allows the T-bolt 200 mounted in the hole guard 100 to be fixed in the hole guard 100. Also, the locking groove 102 allows the T-bolt 200 to be fixed in an upright state within the hole guard 100. Therefore, the worker can quickly and stably fasten the fixing nut 900 to the T-bolt 200 even in the upper part of the substructure (S).

[0043] In addition, the locking groove 102 can have a function of preventing the fixed T-bolt 200 from loosening due to vibration or impact. As an example, the T-bolt 200 fixed to the hole guard 100 may loosen due to vibration or impact generated by equipment being transmitted to the lower structure (S). However, the T-bolt 200 according to the present invention can prevent the T-bolt 200 from loosening due to vibration or impact since the locking groove 102 can block the rotation of the T-bolt 200. For example, even when dismantling the fixing nut 900, the lower horizontal part 220 can be fixed by the locking groove 102, so that the worker can quickly and stably dismantle the fixing nut 900 on the upper part of the lower structure (S) without fixing the T-bolt 200 separately.

[0044] FIG. 4 shows a hole guard according to a second embodiment of the present invention. 4, the hole guard 100 according to the second embodiment may include a plate-shaped support part 110 and a hole insertion part 120 disposed under the support part 110, similar to the first embodiment. In addition, the support part 110 and the hole insertion part 120 may be formed with a bolt hole 101 having an elongated shape through which a T-shaped bolt 200 is inserted and mounted. However, the hole insertion part 120 of the hole guard 100 according to the second embodiment may have an elliptical shape.

[0045] For example, if the hole of the substructure (S) is a large elongated hole or is broken, the circular hole inserting part 120 can rotate inside the elongated hole of the substructure (S) and move along the elongated hole, which can make it difficult to fix the hole guard 100 at a desired position. However, the hole guard 100 according to the second embodiment can prevent the hole inserting part 120 from rotating inside the elongated hole of the substructure (S) because the hole inserting part 120 has an oval shape. Therefore, even if the hole of the substructure (S) is elongated, the worker can quickly and stably fasten the fixing nut 900 to the T-bolt 200.

[0046] As described above, the bolt fastening structure according to the present invention allows the T-bolt 200 to be safely and easily attached to the substructure (S) by using the hole guard 100 on a steel pad having a large hole or a large long hole, or on a grating where the hole is damaged or the hole size is not uniform.

[0047] FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a T-bolt according to a first embodiment of the present invention. 5, a T-bolt 200 according to a first embodiment of the present invention is shaped like a letter V and includes an upper vertical portion 210 and a lower horizontal portion 220. The lower horizontal portion 220 is disposed below the upper vertical portion 210 and may be formed integrally with the upper vertical portion 210.

[0048] The upper vertical portion 210 has a threaded groove formed therein as a portion passing through a fastening hole provided by the lower structure (S), the bracket 500 placed thereon, and a fastening element, and a fixing nut 900 is coupled to the portion. That is, the upper vertical portion 210 may be a portion exposed at the top of the hole guard 100 when the T-bolt 200 is attached to the hole guard 100. Therefore, by fastening the fixing nut 900 to the exposed upper vertical portion 210, the bracket 500 can be fixed to the lower structure (S).

[0049] The lower horizontal portion 220 may be a portion that is sandwiched in the bolt hole 101 of the hole guard 100 and is positioned below the lower structure (S) when the T-bolt 200 is attached to the hole guard 100, and is pressed against the lower surface of the hole guard 100 when the T-bolt 200 is attached to the hole guard 100. That is, the lower horizontal portion 220 may be inserted into the locking groove 102 of the hole guard 100, so that the T-bolt 200 can be fixed upright within the hole guard 100.

[0050] In addition, the length of the lower horizontal portion 220 may be formed by protruding on both sides centered on the upper vertical portion 210 so that the lower horizontal portion 220 is inserted into the locking groove 102 of the hole guard 100. In this case, both sides of the protruding lower horizontal portion 220 may be formed to have different lengths centered on the upper vertical portion 210. For example, the length of one side of the lower horizontal portion 220 may be a length to be inserted into the locking groove 102 of the hole guard 100, and the length of the other side of the lower horizontal portion 220 may be a length to protrude from the hole insertion portion 120 of the hole guard 100.

[0051] FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a state in which the T-bolt of the present invention is fastened to a substructure using a hole guard. 6, one side of the lower horizontal portion 220 is disposed within the hole insert portion 120 of the hole guard 100, and the other side, which is longer than the one side, has a protruding portion 221 protruding from the hole insert portion 120 that can contact the lower surface of the substructure (S). This is to allow the hole guard 100 to be firmly fixed to the substructure (S) by the T-bolt 200. For example, when the fixing nut 900 is fastened with the hole guard 100 and the T-bolt 200 inserted into the substructure (S), the protruding portion 221 of the lower horizontal portion 220 supports the lower surface of the substructure (S), so that the hole guard 100 can be firmly fixed by compression between the lower horizontal portion 220 and the fixing nut 900.

[0052] FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a T-bolt according to a second embodiment of the present invention. 7, a T-bolt 200 according to a second embodiment of the present invention includes an upper vertical portion 210 and a lower horizontal portion 220. Furthermore, the lower horizontal portion 220 is disposed below the upper vertical portion 210 and may be formed integrally with the upper vertical portion 210.

[0053] However, the length of the lower horizontal portion 220 of the T-shaped bolt 200 according to the second embodiment may be formed by protruding on both sides from the upper vertical portion 210 so that the lower horizontal portion 220 can be inserted into the locking groove 102 of the hole guard 100, and both sides may be formed to have the same length.

[0054] For example, both sides of the lower horizontal portion 220 may have a length that protrudes from the hole insertion portion 120 of the hole guard 100 with the upper vertical portion 210 as the center. That is, both sides of the lower horizontal portion 220 may have protruding portions 221 that protrude from the hole insertion portion 120. Therefore, since the protruding portions 221 on both sides of the lower horizontal portion 220 can support the lower structure (S) from both sides, the hole guard 100 can be more firmly fixed to the lower structure (S) while maintaining the uprightness of the T-bolt 200 when fastening using the fixing nut 900. However, since the length of the lower horizontal portion 220 of the second embodiment is longer than the length of the lower horizontal portion 220 of the first embodiment, when the T-bolt 200 is attached to the hole guard 100, it must be inserted from the bottom to the top and fastened.

[0055] FIG. 8 is a diagram showing another embodiment of the T-bolt shown in FIGS. Here, Figures 8(a) and 8(b) show the T-bolt 200 according to the first embodiment and the T-bolt 200 according to the second embodiment in which one end and the other end of the lower horizontal portion 220 are inclined, respectively, and Figures 8(c) and 8(d) show the T-bolt 200 according to the first embodiment and the T-bolt 200 according to the second embodiment in which the lower portion of the lower horizontal portion 220 is rounded, respectively.

[0056] First, referring to Figures 8(a) and 8(b), the lower horizontal portion 220 of the T-bolt 200 has an inclined shape at one end and the other end, and can be formed with an inclination such that the length of the lower portion is shorter than the length of the upper portion of the lower horizontal portion 220. That is, by removing the lower corners at one end and the other end of the lower horizontal portion 220, the lower horizontal portion 220 can flexibly pass through the bolt hole 101 when the T-bolt 200 is inserted into the hole guard 100. Also, as shown in Figures 8(c) and 8(d), by forming the lower surface of the lower horizontal portion 220 in a round shape, the lower horizontal portion 220 can flexibly pass through the bolt hole 101.

[0057] FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a T-bolt according to a third embodiment of the present invention. 9, a T-bolt 200 according to a third embodiment of the present invention is shaped like a letter V and includes an upper vertical portion 210 and a lower horizontal portion 220. The lower horizontal portion 220 is disposed below the upper vertical portion 210 and can be pivotally connected to the upper vertical portion 210.

[0058] The upper vertical portion 210 has a threaded groove formed therein as a portion passing through a fastening hole provided by the lower structure (S), the bracket 500 placed thereon, and a fastening element, and a fixing nut 900 is coupled to the portion. That is, the upper vertical portion 210 may be a portion exposed at the top of the hole guard 100 when the T-bolt 200 is attached to the hole guard 100. Therefore, the bracket 500 can be fixed to the lower structure (S) by fastening the fixing nut 900 to the exposed upper vertical portion 210. In addition, the upper vertical portion 210 may include a rotation groove 211 so that the lower horizontal portion 220 can be inserted into the inside of the upper vertical portion 210 by rotating the lower horizontal portion 220.

[0059] The lower horizontal portion 220 may be a portion that is sandwiched in the bolt hole 101 of the hole guard 100 and is positioned below the lower structure (S) when the T-bolt 200 is attached to the hole guard 100, and is pressed against the lower surface of the hole guard 100 when the T-bolt 200 is attached to the hole guard 100. That is, the lower horizontal portion 220 may be inserted into the locking groove 102 of the hole guard 100, so that the T-bolt 200 can be fixed upright within the hole guard 100.

[0060] In addition, the lower horizontal portion 220 is connected to a lower portion of the upper vertical portion 210, and may be connected to the upper vertical portion 210 by a pivot pin 212 so that the lower horizontal portion 220 rotates at the lower portion of the upper vertical portion 210. That is, the lower horizontal portion 220 may rotate in a circular manner around the pivot pin 212 at the lower portion of the upper vertical portion 210. As an example, the lower horizontal portion 220 may have an inserted state in which the lower horizontal portion 220 rotates around the pivot pin 212 to be inserted into the pivot groove 211 of the upper vertical portion 210, and a fixed state in which the lower horizontal portion 220 rotates to be perpendicular to the upper vertical portion 210.

[0061] That is, the T-shaped bolt 200 according to the third embodiment is inserted into the bolt hole 101 of the hole guard 100 when the lower horizontal portion 220 is in an inserted state, and after the T-shaped bolt 200 is inserted into the hole guard 100, when the lower horizontal portion 220 rotates to assume a fixed state in which it is perpendicular to the upper vertical portion 210, it can be fastened to the locking groove 102 of the hole guard 100 and fixed to the hole guard 100.

[0062] As an example, the worker inserts the lower horizontal portion 220 into the rotation groove 211 to be in an inserted state, and then inserts the T-bolt 200 into the hole guard 100. With the T-bolt 200 inserted into the hole guard 100, the worker gently shakes the T-bolt 200 to rotate the lower horizontal portion 220. When the lower horizontal portion 220 is in a fixed state due to the rotation of the lower horizontal portion 220, the T-bolt 200 can be moved upward so that the lower horizontal portion 220 is fastened to the locking groove 102 of the hole guard 100, thereby fixing the T-bolt 200 to the hole guard 100.

[0063] At this time, both sides of the protruding lower side portion 220 may be formed to have different lengths. For example, one side of the lower side portion 220 may have a length sufficient to be inserted into the locking groove 102 of the hole guard 100, while the other side of the lower side portion 220 may have a length sufficient to protrude from the hole insertion portion 120 of the hole guard 100.

[0064] That is, when the lower horizontal portion 220 is in a fixed state, one side of the lower horizontal portion 220 is disposed within the hole insert portion 120 of the hole guard 100, and the other side, which is longer than the one side, protrudes from the hole insert portion 120 so that a protruding portion 221 can contact the lower surface of the lower structure (S). This is to enable the hole guard 100 to be firmly fixed to the lower structure (S) by the T-bolt 200, as in the first embodiment shown in FIG.

[0065] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a T-bolt according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. 10, a T-bolt 200 according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention includes an upper vertical portion 210 and a lower horizontal portion 220. In addition, the lower horizontal portion 220 is disposed below the upper vertical portion 210 and can be rotatably connected to the upper vertical portion 210.

[0066] However, the length of the lower horizontal portion 220 of the T-bolt 200 according to the fourth embodiment may be formed to protrude from both sides centered on the upper vertical portion 210 so that the lower horizontal portion 220 is inserted into the locking groove 102 of the hole guard 100, and both sides may be formed to have the same length. As an example, both sides of the lower horizontal portion 220 may have a length protruding from the hole insertion portion 120 of the hole guard 100 centered on the upper vertical portion 210. That is, both sides of the lower horizontal portion 220 may have protruding portions 221 protruding from the hole insertion portion 120. Therefore, as in the second embodiment shown in FIG. 7, since the protruding portions 221 on both sides of the lower horizontal portion 220 can support the lower structure (S) from both sides, when the T-bolt 200 is fastened using the fixing nut 900, the hole guard 100 can be more firmly fixed to the lower structure (S) while maintaining the uprightness of the T-bolt 200.

[0067] In addition, the T-bolt 200 according to the fourth embodiment has an insertion state in which the lower horizontal portion 220 rotates and is inserted into the rotation groove 211. Therefore, even if the length of the lower horizontal portion 220 of the fourth embodiment is longer than the length of the lower horizontal portion 220 of the third embodiment, when the T-bolt 200 is attached to the hole guard 100, it can be inserted from the top to the bottom and fastened.

[0068] FIG. 11 is a diagram showing another embodiment of the T-bolt shown in FIGS. Here, Fig. 11(a) and Fig. 11(b) respectively show a T-bolt 200 according to a third embodiment and a T-bolt 200 according to a fourth embodiment in which one end and the other end of the lower horizontal portion 220 are inclined.

[0069] 8(a) and 8(b), the lower horizontal portion 220 of the T-bolt 200 may have an inclined shape at one end and the other end. That is, by removing the lower corners at one end and the other end of the lower horizontal portion 220 and forming the one end and the other end of the lower horizontal portion 220 to be inclined, the T-bolt 200 can flexibly pass through the bolt hole 101 of the hole guard 100 when the lower horizontal portion 220 is inserted.

[0070] 1 and 2, the fall prevention washer 300 can be inserted into the T-bolt 200 and attached to the upper vertical portion 210. That is, the T-bolt 200 can be fitted into the bolt hole 101 of the hole guard 100 with the fall prevention washer 300 attached, and the fall prevention washer 300 is arranged to be supported by the upper surface of the hole guard 100, thereby preventing the T-bolt 200 from falling to the bottom of the substructure (S).

[0071] The bracket 500 may be "L" shaped as can be seen in the drawing, but is not limited thereto, and various other shapes may be applied in which one side portion can be connected to the equipment and the other side portion can be connected to a supporting portion.

[0072] One side of the bracket 500 is provided with one or more first coupling holes 501 for coupling to equipment, and the other side is provided with a second coupling hole 502. A coupling bolt 10 is fastened to a screw hole (not shown) of the equipment through the first coupling hole 501 of the bracket 500, and a T-bolt 200 is inserted into the second coupling hole 502. Thus, the bracket 500 can be disposed on top of the fall prevention washer 300.

[0073] At this time, a buffer pad 400 having a washer hole 401 may be included between the bracket 500 and the lower structure (S). The buffer pad 400 may be disposed on the upper part of the hole guard 100 so that the fall prevention washer 300 is inserted into the washer hole 401. Therefore, the buffer pad 400 can prevent vibrations flowing in from the lower structure (S) from being transmitted to the upper part, and the fall prevention washer 300 can prevent the bracket 500 from being structurally lifted up.

[0074] A flat washer 600, a coupling washer 700 and a locking washer 800 are sequentially arranged on the top of the bracket 500, and a fixing nut 900 is fastened to the top of the locking washer 800. A protruding portion may be formed on the surface of the locking washer 800 to prevent the fixing nut 900 from loosening due to vibration or external impact after the fixing nut 900 is fixed.

[0075] 12 to 15 are diagrams showing a method of mounting a bolt fastening structure using the hole guard of the present invention. Here, the hole guard 100 is exemplified as a hole guard 100 having two hole inserting parts 120 on one support part 110 in order to be mounted on a bracket 500 having two second coupling holes 502 .

[0076] First, referring to Fig. 12, the hole guard 100 is mounted on the substructure (S), such as a steel pad having a large hole or a large long hole. At this time, the hole inserting part 120 of the hole guard 100 may be selected to have the same size and shape as the hole of the substructure (S). The selected hole inserting part 120 is inserted and mounted in the hole of the substructure (S). At this time, one or more hole inserting parts 120 may be disposed under the support part 110 depending on the equipment to be fixed on the substructure (S).

[0077] 13, a T-bolt 200 with a fall prevention washer 300 attached thereto is fastened onto a hole guard 100. The T-bolt 200 can be fastened by inserting a lower horizontal portion 220 into the hole guard 100 from the top of the substructure (S) and inserting the inserted lower horizontal portion 220 into the locking groove 102 at the bottom of the hole guard 100. At this time, the T-bolt 200 is fixed by the fall prevention washer 300, which can prevent the T-bolt 200 from falling to the bottom of the substructure (S).

[0078] 14, a buffer pad 400 is attached on the hole guard 100. The buffer pad 400 may be disposed to cover the entire upper surface of the hole guard 100, and the T-bolt 200 and the fall prevention washer 300 may be exposed to the outside through a washer hole 401 formed in the buffer pad 400. The buffer pad 400 is preferably made of an elastic rubber material, for example.

[0079] 15, a bracket 500 may be disposed on the buffer pad 400. A flat washer 600, a coupling washer 700, a locking washer 800, and a fixing nut 900 may be sequentially fastened to the T-bolt 200 exposed from the bracket 500. At this time, by fastening the fixing nut 900, the protruding portion 221 of the lower lateral portion 220 supports the lower surface of the lower structure (S) and presses the hole guard 100, so that the hole guard 100 fastened to the lower structure (S) may be firmly fixed.

[0080] FIG. 16 is a perspective view showing another embodiment of a bolt fastening structure utilizing a hole guard of the present invention. FIG. 17 is a diagram showing another embodiment of a bolt fastening structure utilizing a hole guard of the present invention. 16 and 17, another embodiment of a bolt fastening structure using a hole guard of the present invention includes a hole guard 100, a T-bolt 200, a fall prevention washer 300, a bracket 500, a flat washer 600, a loosening prevention washer 800 and a fixing nut 900.

[0081] First, another embodiment of the bolt fastening structure using the hole guard 100 cannot be installed using a short hole guard 100 and T-bolt 200, for example, it can be installed on a steel pad or grating having deep holes or holes spaced apart from each other and double-formed.

[0082] FIG. 18 shows a hole guard according to a third embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 18, the hole guard 100 according to the third embodiment of the present invention may include a plate-shaped support part 110 and a hole insert part 120 disposed under the support part 110. As an example, the support part 110 and the hole insert part 120 may be integrally formed. A bolt hole 101 through which a T-shaped bolt 200 is inserted and attached may be formed in the support part 110 and the hole insert part 120. The bolt hole 101 may be formed to extend from the support part 110 to the hole insert part 120. At this time, the bolt hole 101 formed in the hole insert part 120 may be formed such that the hole insert part 120 has a hollow cylindrical shape, and the bolt hole 101 formed in the support part 110 may have an elongated hole shape so that the T-shaped bolt 200 can be easily inserted into the hole guard 100.

[0083] The support part 110 has a plate shape, but may have a square or circular shape, and may have a size larger than the size of the hole formed in the lower structure S. That is, the support part 110 may be a portion supported by the upper surface of the lower structure S.

[0084] The hole insert 120 is disposed under the support 110 and can be inserted into a hole of the lower structure S. The hole insert 120 can have a cylindrical shape with a predetermined height. For example, the height of the hole insert 120 according to the third embodiment can be longer than the length of the hole insert 120 according to the first and second embodiments. This is because the hole insert 120 is mounted on a lower structure S, such as a steel pad or grating, which cannot be mounted using a short hole guard and a T-bolt 200, for example, when the hole is deep or the hole is spaced apart from each other and double-formed.

[0085] The hole inserting part 120 may have the same shape and size as the size of the hole formed in the lower structure (S). For example, if the hole of the lower structure (S) has a large circular shape or is damaged and expanded, the hole inserting part 120 may be formed according to the size of the hole formed in the lower structure (S) or the size of the expanded hole. One or more of such hole inserting parts 120 may be disposed under the support part 110 depending on the equipment to be fixed on the lower structure (S).

[0086] When the hole insertion part 120 is inserted into the hole of the substructure (S), the hole guard 100 can be supported on the upper surface of the substructure (S) by the support part 110, thereby preventing the hole guard 100 from falling under the substructure (S).

[0087] One side of the lower surface of the hole inserting part 120 may include a protrusion 103 having a shape protruding from the lower surface. The protrusion 103 may function to prevent the lower horizontal part 220 of the T-bolt 200 from rotating after the T-bolt 200 is inserted into the hole guard 100. As an example, when the lower horizontal part 220 of the T-bolt 200 inserted into the hole guard 100 rotates around the pivot pin 212 so as to be perpendicular to the upper vertical part 210, the lower horizontal part 220 may be hooked and fixed on the protrusion 103. That is, the protrusion 103 may allow the T-bolt 200 attached to the hole guard 100 to be fixed to the hole guard 100. Therefore, the worker may quickly and stably fix the fixing nut 900 to the T-bolt 200 even at the top of the substructure (S).

[0088] In addition, the protrusion 103 can have a function of preventing the fixed T-bolt 200 from loosening due to vibration or impact. As an example, the T-bolt 200 fixed to the hole guard 100 may loosen due to vibration or impact generated by equipment being transmitted to the lower structure (S). However, the T-bolt 200 according to the present invention can prevent the T-bolt 200 from loosening due to vibration or impact since the protrusion 103 can block the T-bolt 200 from rotating. For example, even when dismantling the fixing nut 900, the lower horizontal part 220 can be fixed by the protrusion 103, so that the worker can quickly and stably dismantle the fixing nut 900 on the upper part of the lower structure (S) without fixing the T-bolt 200 separately.

[0089] FIG. 19 is a diagram showing a T-bolt according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. 19, a T-bolt 200 according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention is shaped like a letter V and includes an upper vertical portion 210 and a lower horizontal portion 220. The lower horizontal portion 220 is disposed below the upper vertical portion 210 and can be rotatably connected to the upper vertical portion 210 by a pivot pin 212.

[0090] The upper vertical portion 210 has a threaded groove formed therein as a portion passing through a fastening hole provided by the lower structure (S), the bracket 500 placed thereon, and a fastening element, and a fixing nut 900 is coupled to the portion. That is, the upper vertical portion 210 may be a portion exposed at the top of the hole guard 100 when the T-bolt 200 is attached to the hole guard 100. Therefore, the bracket 500 can be fixed to the lower structure (S) by fastening the fixing nut 900 to the exposed upper vertical portion 210. In addition, the upper vertical portion 210 may include a rotation groove 211 that allows the lower horizontal portion 220 to be inserted into the upper vertical portion 210 by the rotation of the lower horizontal portion 220. Here, it is preferable that the length of the rotation groove 211 is formed to be shorter than the length of the lower horizontal portions 220 disposed on both sides of the rotation pin 212.

[0091] The lower horizontal portion 220 may be a portion that is sandwiched between the bolt hole 101 of the hole guard 100 and positioned below the lower structure (S) when the T-bolt 200 is attached to the hole guard 100, and is pressed against the lower surface of the lower structure (S). That is, the lower horizontal portion 220 may fix the T-bolt 200 upright within the hole guard 100 while hanging on the protrusion 103 of the hole guard 100.

[0092] In addition, the lower horizontal portion 220 may be connected to a lower portion of the upper vertical portion 210 and connected to the upper vertical portion 210 by a pivot pin 212 so that the lower horizontal portion 220 rotates at the lower portion of the upper vertical portion 210. That is, the lower horizontal portion 220 may rotate in a circular manner around the pivot pin 212 at the lower portion of the upper vertical portion 210. As an example, the lower horizontal portion 220 may have an inserted state in which the lower horizontal portion 220 rotates around the pivot pin 212 to be inserted into the pivot groove 211 of the upper vertical portion 210, and a fixed state in which the lower horizontal portion 220 rotates to be perpendicular to the upper vertical portion 210.

[0093] That is, when the lower horizontal portion 220 is in an inserted state, it can be inserted into the bolt hole 101 of the hole guard 100, and after the T-shaped bolt 200 is inserted into the hole guard 100, the lower horizontal portion 220 rotates to assume a fixed state in which it is perpendicular to the upper vertical portion 210, so that the lower horizontal portion 220 hooks onto the protrusion 103 of the hole guard 100, thereby fixing the T-shaped bolt 200 to the hole guard 100.

[0094] FIG. 20 is a diagram showing a fixed state of a T-bolt according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 21 is a diagram showing the inserted state of a T-bolt according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. 20 and 21, the lower horizontal portion 220 may be connected to the upper vertical portion 210 around the pivot pin 212 such that one side of the lower horizontal portion 220 has a shorter length than the other side. Therefore, when the lower horizontal portion 220 rotates from the fixed state of FIG. 20 to the inserted state of FIG. 21, one side of the lower horizontal portion 220 may rotate to face an upper direction and the other side may rotate to face a lower direction. That is, when the lower horizontal portion 220 is in the inserted state, one side of the lower horizontal portion 220 may be always inserted into the pivot groove 211.

[0095] In addition, one side end of the lower horizontal portion 220, which has a shorter length than the other side, may have a rounded portion 222 that is rounded so as to incline from the top to the bottom. Therefore, when the lower horizontal portion 220 is rotated to an insertion state and inserted into the rotation groove 211, the rounded portion 222 of the lower horizontal portion 220 may be inserted into the rotation groove 211. At this time, since the length of the rotation groove 211 is formed to be shorter than the length of one side of the lower horizontal portion 220, as shown in Fig. 21, only the rounded portion 222 on one side may be inserted into the rotation groove 211, and the remaining portion may be engaged with the rotation groove 211, so that a predetermined portion of the lower horizontal portion 220 may protrude from the rotation groove 211. That is, the predetermined portion of one side of the lower horizontal portion 220 may be fixed in a protruding state.

[0096] As an example of operation, when the lower horizontal portion 220 rotates from the fixed state of FIG. 20 to the inserted state of FIG. 21, the lower horizontal portion 220 can rotate so that one side having a shorter length always faces the rotation groove 211, and the round portion 222 on one side can be fixed to the upper vertical portion 210 when the lower horizontal portion 220 is inserted into the rotation groove 211. Also, when the lower horizontal portion 220 rotates from the inserted state of FIG. 21 to the fixed state of FIG. 20, the lower horizontal portion 220 can always rotate in the opposite direction to the direction in which the lower horizontal portion 220 rotates for the inserted state. That is, the lower horizontal portion 220 can always rotate in the same direction when rotating to have the fixed state or the inserted state. Therefore, when the user installs the T-bolt 200 in the hole guard 100, the user can guess the rotation direction of the lower horizontal portion 220, and can easily rotate the lower horizontal portion 220 in a desired direction, thereby shortening the work speed.

[0097] FIG. 22 is a diagram showing a method of connecting the hole guard according to the third embodiment of the present invention to the T-bolt according to the fifth embodiment. Referring to FIG. 22, the T-bolt 200 can be inserted into the hole inserting part 120 of the hole guard 100 with the lower horizontal part 220 sandwiched in the rotation groove 211. At this time, the T-bolt 200 can be lowered until the entire lower horizontal part 220 is exposed from the hole inserting part 120. When the lower horizontal part 220 is lowered, the user can move the T-bolt 200 in an upward direction with the part of the lower horizontal part 220 protruding from the rotation groove 211 in contact with the lower surface of the hole inserting part 120. That is, as shown in FIG. 22, by moving the T-bolt 200 in an upward direction, one side of the lower horizontal part 220 moves along the round part 222 with contacting the lower surface of the hole inserting part 120, so that the lower horizontal part 220 can rotate naturally. Therefore, it is not necessary to swing the T-bolt 200 in order to change the lower horizontal part 220 from the inserted state to the fixed state, and it can be easily changed to the fixed state.

[0098] 16 and 17, the fall prevention washer 300 can be inserted into the T-bolt 200 and attached to the upper vertical portion 210. That is, the T-bolt 200 can be fitted into the bolt hole 101 of the hole guard 100 with the fall prevention washer 300 attached, and the fall prevention washer 300 is arranged to be supported by the upper surface of the hole guard 100, thereby preventing the T-bolt 200 from falling to the bottom of the substructure (S).

[0099] A bracket 500 may be disposed on the upper portion of the fall prevention washer 300. The bracket 500 may be in an "L" shape as can be seen from the drawing, but is not limited thereto, and may have various other shapes in which one side portion can be coupled to the equipment and the other side portion can be coupled to a supporting portion.

[0100] A flat washer 600 and a locking washer 800 may be sequentially disposed on the upper portion of the bracket 500, and a fixing nut 900 may be fastened to the upper portion of the locking washer 800. A protruding portion may be formed on the surface of the locking washer 800 to prevent the fixing nut 900 from loosening due to vibration or external impact after the fixing nut 900 is fixed.

[0101] FIG. 23 is a perspective view showing still another embodiment of a bolt fastening structure utilizing a hole guard of the present invention. FIG. 24 is a diagram showing still another embodiment of a bolt fastening structure utilizing a hole guard of the present invention. 23 and 24, another embodiment of a bolt fastening structure using a hole guard of the present invention includes a hole guard 100, a T-bolt 200, a fall prevention washer 300, a buffer pad 400, a bracket 500, a flat washer 600, a coupling washer 700, a loosening prevention washer 800 and a fixing nut 900.

[0102] First, the hole guard 100 is attached to a substructure (S) in which fastening holes are formed on the floor under the equipment of an industrial facility, and cannot be attached using only the T-bolt 200, for example, it can be attached to a steel pad (S) having a large hole or a large long hole, or a grating where the hole size is not uniform due to damage to the hole.

[0103] FIG. 25 shows a hole guard according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 25, the hole guard according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention may include a plate-shaped support part 110 and a hole insert part 120 disposed under the support part 110. As an example, the support part 110 and the hole insert part 120 may be integrally formed. A bolt hole 101 through which a T-bolt 200 is inserted and attached may be formed in the support part 110 and the hole insert part 120. The bolt hole 101 may be formed to extend from the support part 110 to the hole insert part 120. At this time, the bolt hole 101 formed in the hole insert part 120 may be formed such that the hole insert part 120 has a hollow cylindrical shape, and the bolt hole 101 formed in the support part 110 may have a circular hole shape so that the T-bolt 200 is inserted and fixed.

[0104] The support part 110 has a plate shape, but may have a square or circular shape, and may have a size larger than the size of the hole formed in the lower structure S. That is, the support part 110 may be a portion supported by the upper surface of the lower structure S.

[0105] The hole inserting part 120 is disposed under the support part 110 and can be inserted into the hole of the lower structure (S). The hole inserting part 120 can have a cylindrical shape having a predetermined height. In this case, the hole inserting part 120 can have the same shape and size as the size of the hole formed in the lower structure (S). As an example, when the hole of the lower structure (S) has a large circular shape or is damaged and expanded, the hole inserting part 120 can be formed according to the size of the hole formed in the lower structure (S) or the size of the expanded hole. One or more of such hole inserting parts 120 can be disposed under the support part 110 according to the equipment to be fixed on the lower structure (S).

[0106] When the hole insertion part 120 is inserted into the hole of the substructure (S), the hole guard 100 can be supported on the upper surface of the substructure (S) by the support part 110, thereby preventing the hole guard 100 from falling under the substructure (S).

[0107] One side of the lower surface of the hole inserting part 120 may include a protrusion 103 having a shape protruding from the lower surface. The protrusion 103 may function to prevent the lower horizontal part 220 of the T-bolt 200 from rotating after the T-bolt 200 is inserted into the hole guard 100. As an example, when the lower horizontal part 220 of the T-bolt 200 inserted into the hole guard 100 rotates around the pivot pin 212 so as to be perpendicular to the upper vertical part 210, the lower horizontal part 220 may be hooked and fixed on the protrusion 103. That is, the protrusion 103 may allow the T-bolt 200 attached to the hole guard 100 to be fixed to the hole guard 100. Therefore, the worker may quickly and stably fix the fixing nut 900 to the T-bolt 200 even at the top of the substructure (S).

[0108] The protrusion 103 can have a function of preventing the fixed T-bolt 200 from loosening due to vibration or impact. As an example, the T-bolt 200 fixed to the hole guard 100 may loosen due to vibration or impact generated by equipment being transmitted to the lower structure (S). However, the T-bolt 200 according to the present invention can prevent the T-bolt 200 from loosening due to vibration or impact since the protrusion 103 can block the T-bolt 200 from rotating. For example, when dismantling the fixing nut 900, since the lower horizontal part 220 is fixed by the protrusion 103, the worker can quickly and stably dismantle the fixing nut 900 on the upper part of the lower structure (S) without fixing the T-bolt 200 separately.

[0109] In addition, the hole guard 100 according to the fourth embodiment may include a protruding groove 104 formed on a lower side of the hole insert portion 120. A lower horizontal portion 220 of the T-bolt 200 inserted into the hole insert portion 120 through the protruding groove 104 may protrude to the side of the hole insert portion 120.

[0110] FIG. 26 is a diagram showing a method of fastening a T-bolt using a hole guard according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. Referring to Fig. 26, as an example, the T-bolt 200 fastened to the hole guard according to the fourth embodiment may be the rotatable T-bolt 200 according to the fourth embodiment shown in Figs. 9 to 11. That is, the T-bolt 200 may be inserted into the hole guard 100 with the lower horizontal portion 220 inserted into the rotation groove 211. At this time, the lower horizontal portion 220 may be inserted into the protruding groove 104 formed on the lower side of the hole inserting portion 120, and the lower horizontal portion 220 may be rotated to protrude to the side of the hole inserting portion 120 through the protruding groove 104 as shown in Fig. 26. Therefore, the lower horizontal portion 220 may be changed to a fixed state having a vertical state with the upper vertical portion 210 by rotating through the protruding groove 104.

[0111] That is, in order to rotate the lower horizontal portion 220, it is not necessary to insert the lower horizontal portion 220 deeply into the lower surface of the hole insertion portion 120, and the lower horizontal portion 220 exposed through the protruding groove 104 can be rotated during insertion, so that the lower horizontal portion 220 can be quickly changed to the fixed state. Also, when changing the lower horizontal portion 220 from the fixed state to the inserted state, the lower horizontal portion 220 can be quickly removed from the hole guard 100 by rotating the lower horizontal portion 220 at the protruding groove 104 position to change to the inserted state. Due to such protruding groove 104, even if the lower horizontal portion 220 is inserted only a little into the hole guard 100, the lower horizontal portion 220 can be rotated, so that the length of the T-bolt 200 can be reduced.

[0112] The lower horizontal portion 220, which is perpendicular to the upper vertical portion 210 due to the protruding groove 104, can be rotated based on the upper vertical portion 210 to be hooked onto the protruding portion 103 and fixed. Also, in order to change the lower horizontal portion 220 to an insertion state, the lower horizontal portion 220 can be rotated in the opposite direction to be disposed at the position of the protruding groove 104.

[0113] 23 and 24, the fall prevention washer 300 can be inserted into the T-bolt 200 and attached to the upper vertical portion 210. That is, the T-bolt 200 can be fitted into the bolt hole 101 of the hole guard 100 with the fall prevention washer 300 attached, and the fall prevention washer 300 is arranged to be supported by the upper surface of the hole guard 100, thereby preventing the T-bolt 200 from falling to the bottom of the substructure (S).

[0114] A bracket 500 may be disposed on the upper portion of the fall prevention washer 300. The bracket 500 may be in an "L" shape as can be seen in the drawing, but is not limited thereto, and may have various other shapes in which one side portion can be coupled to the equipment and the other side portion can be coupled to a supporting portion.

[0115] At this time, a shock absorbing pad 400 having a washer hole may be included between the bracket 500 and the lower structure (S). The shock absorbing pad 400 may be disposed on the upper part of the hole guard 100 so that the fall prevention washer 300 is inserted into the washer hole. Therefore, the shock absorbing pad 400 can prevent vibrations flowing in from the lower structure (S) from being transmitted to the upper part, and the fall prevention washer 300 can prevent the bracket 500 from being structurally lifted up.

[0116] A flat washer 600, a coupling washer 700 and a locking washer 800 are sequentially arranged on the upper part of the bracket 500, and a fixing nut 900 is fastened to the upper part of the locking washer 800. A protruding portion may be formed on the surface of the locking washer 800 to prevent the fixing nut 900 from loosening due to vibration or external impact after the fixing nut 900 is fixed.

[0117] FIG. 27 is a perspective view showing still another embodiment of a bolt fastening structure utilizing a hole guard of the present invention. FIG. 28 is a diagram showing still another embodiment of a bolt fastening structure utilizing a hole guard of the present invention. 27 and 28, another embodiment of a bolt fastening structure using a hole guard of the present invention includes a hole guard 100, an L-shaped bolt 201, a fall prevention washer 300, a bracket 500, a flat washer 600, a loosening prevention washer 800 and a fixing nut 900.

[0118] First, the hole guard 100 may be the hole guard according to the third embodiment. That is, the hole guard 100 may include a plate-shaped support part 110 and a hole insert part 120 disposed at a lower part of the support part 110. As an example, the support part 110 and the hole insert part 120 may be integrally formed. A bolt hole 101 may be formed through the support part 110 and the hole insert part 120, into which an L-shaped bolt 201 is inserted and mounted. The bolt hole 101 may be formed to extend from the support part 110 to the hole insert part 120. In addition, one side of the lower surface of the hole insert part 120 may include a protrusion 103 having a shape protruding from the lower surface. The protrusion 103 may function to prevent the lower horizontal part 201b of the L-shaped bolt 201 from rotating after the L-shaped bolt 201 is inserted into the hole guard 100. For example, when the upper vertical portion 201 a of the L-bolt 201 is inserted into the hole guard 100 , the lower horizontal portion 201 b is hooked onto the protruding portion 103 so that the L-bolt 201 is fixed to the hole guard 100 .

[0119] FIG. 29 is a diagram showing an L-bolt of the present invention. 29, the L-shaped bolt 201 according to the present invention is in a "└" shape and may include an upper vertical portion 201a, a lower horizontal portion 201b, and a bent portion 201c. The lower horizontal portion 201b may extend from the upper vertical portion 201a to the lower portion via the bent portion 201c.

[0120] The upper vertical portion 201a has a threaded groove formed therein as a portion passing through a fastening hole provided by the lower structure (S), the bracket 500 placed thereon, and a fastening element, and a fixing nut 900 is coupled to the portion. That is, the upper vertical portion 201a may be a portion exposed at the top of the hole guard 100 when the L-shaped bolt 201 is attached to the hole guard 100. Therefore, the bracket 500 can be fixed to the lower structure (S) by fastening the fixing nut 900 to the exposed upper vertical portion 201a.

[0121] The lower lateral portion 201b may be a portion that is sandwiched between the bolt holes 101 of the hole guard 100 during assembly, is located below the lower structure (G), and is pressed against the lower surface of the lower structure (S).

[0122] The lower horizontal portion 201b may be a portion that is sandwiched between the bolt hole 101 of the hole guard 100, positioned below the lower structure (S), and pressed against the lower surface of the lower structure (S) when the L-shaped bolt 201 is attached to the hole guard 100. That is, the lower horizontal portion 201b may be hung on the protruding portion 103 of the hole guard 100 to fix the L-shaped bolt 201 upright within the hole guard 100.

[0123] However, when attaching the L-shaped bolt 201 to the hole guard 100, the bent lower horizontal portion 201b allows the upper vertical portion 201a of the L-shaped bolt 201 to be inserted from the bottom to the top of the hole guard 100, so that the L-shaped bolt 201 can be attached to the hole guard 100. As an example, when attaching the hole guard 100 to the substructure (S), the L-shaped bolt 201 and the fall prevention washer 300 can be fastened to the hole guard 100 first, and the hole guard 100 can be inserted into the hole of the substructure (S) with the L-shaped bolt 201 and the fall prevention washer 300 fastened. Therefore, even if the L-bolt 201 is used in the hole guard 100, the lower horizontal portion 201b of the L-bolt 201 is hooked on the protruding portion 103 of the hole guard 100 in the same manner as the T-bolt 200 to fix the L-bolt 201, so that the worker can quickly and stably fix the fixing nut 900 to the L-bolt 201 even at the upper part of the substructure (S). Also, when dismantling the fixing nut 900, the lower horizontal portion 201b is fixed by the protruding portion 103, so the worker can quickly and stably dismantle the fixing nut 900 at the upper part of the substructure (S) without separately fixing the L-bolt 201.

[0124] 27 and 28, a bracket 500 may be disposed on the upper part of the fall prevention washer 300. The bracket 500 may be "L" shaped as shown in the drawings, but is not limited thereto and may have various other shapes in which one side is coupled to the equipment and the other side is coupled to a supporting part. A flat washer 600 and a loosening prevention washer 800 may be sequentially disposed on the upper part of the bracket 500, and a fixing nut 900 may be fastened to the upper part of the loosening prevention washer 800. A protruding part may be formed on the surface of the loosening prevention washer 800 to prevent the fixing nut 900 from loosening due to vibration or external impact after the fixing nut 900 is fixed.

[0125] 30 to 33 are diagrams showing a method of mounting the hole guard according to the third embodiment of the present invention and the bolt fastening structure utilizing a T-bolt according to the fifth embodiment. First, referring to Fig. 30, a hole guard 100 is attached to a substructure (S) such as a steel pad or grating having deep holes or holes spaced apart from each other to form a double structure. The hole inserting part 120 of the hole guard 100 may be selected to have the same size and shape as the hole of the substructure (S). The selected hole inserting part 120 is inserted into the hole of the substructure (S) and attached. At this time, the hole guard 100 may be attached to the substructure (S) with the buffer pad 400 attached.

[0126] 31, the T-bolt 200 with the fall prevention washer 300 attached thereto is inserted onto the hole guard 100. That is, the T-bolt 200 can be inserted into the hole guard 100 from above the lower structure (S) such that the lower horizontal portion 220 is inserted into the rotation groove 211 of the upper vertical portion 210. At this time, the T-bolt 200 can be inserted until the lower horizontal portion 220 is inserted into the hole insertion portion 120 and the entire lower horizontal portion 220 is exposed from the hole insertion portion 120.

[0127] 32, the T-bolt 200 inserted into the hole guard 100 is fixed to the hole guard 100 by the lower horizontal portion 220. That is, after the lower horizontal portion 220 is inserted into the hole guard 100, the T-bolt 200 is moved upward with the portion of the lower horizontal portion 220 protruding from the rotation groove 211 in contact with the lower surface of the hole inserting portion 120, so that one side of the lower horizontal portion 220 rotates along the round portion 222. As the lower horizontal portion 220 rotates, the upper surface of the lower horizontal portion 220 contacts the lower structure (S) and the side of the lower horizontal portion 220 contacts the protruding portion 103 of the hole inserting portion 120, so that the T-bolt 200 can be fixed to the hole guard 100. At this time, the T-bolt 200 is fixed by the fall prevention washer 300, so that the T-bolt 200 can be prevented from falling to the bottom of the lower structure (S).

[0128] 33, a bracket 500 may be disposed on the hole guard 100 and the fall prevention washer 300. In addition, a flat washer 600, a locking washer 800, and a fixing nut 900 may be sequentially fastened to the T-bolt 200 exposed to the bracket 500. At this time, the lower lateral portion 220 supports the lower surface of the lower structure (S) by engaging the fixing nut 900, and presses the protruding portion 103 of the hole guard 100, thereby firmly fixing the T-bolt 200 and the hole guard 100 fastened to the lower structure (S).

[0129] As described above, the bolt fastening structure using the hole guard 100 according to the present invention fastens the bolts with the hole guard 100 mounted on the substructure (S), so that it is possible to fasten a steel pad having a large hole or a large long hole, or a grating having holes of different sizes due to damage, using the bolt. In addition, by forming the locking groove 102 into which the lower side 220 of the bolt is inserted, or the protruding groove 104 and protruding portion 103 for rotating and fixing the lower side 220 on the lower surface of the hole guard 100, both the fixed type and the rotating type of the lower side 220 can be fixed upright on the hole guard 100. Furthermore, since the bolts can be installed in one direction for holes of various sizes using the hole guard 100 and the T-shaped bolt 200 or the L-shaped bolt 201, it is widely used for hooking H-beam structures, ceilings, and wall structures at construction sites as well as floors at industrial sites.

[0130] Meanwhile, the embodiments of the present invention disclosed in the specification and drawings are merely specific examples for the purpose of facilitating understanding, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. It is obvious to a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains that other modifications based on the technical concept of the present invention can be implemented in addition to the embodiments disclosed herein. [Explanation of symbols]

[0131] 100 Hole Guard 101 Bolt Hole 102 Locking groove 103 Projection 104 Protruding groove 110 Support part 120 Hole Insertion Part 200 T-bolt 201 L-bolt 201a, 210 Upper vertical section 211 Rotating groove 212 Pivot pin 201b, 220 Lower lateral part 201c Bending part 221 Protruding parts 222 Round Section 300 Fall prevention washer 40 Cushioning Pad 500 Bracket 600 Flat washer 700 Combined Washer 800 Anti-loosening washer 900 Fixing nut

Claims

1. Substructures located under the industrial installations and in which fastening holes are formed; a hole guard that is inserted into and fixed to a hole of the lower structure; a T-bolt including an upper vertical portion having a helical thread and a lower horizontal portion formed from a lower portion of the upper vertical portion to have a predetermined length on both sides of the upper vertical portion as a center, the T-bolt being inserted into the hole guard and fixed thereto; and A bolt fastening structure using a hole guard, the bolt fastening structure including a fall prevention washer that is ring-shaped and fastened to the T-bolt and supported by the hole guard to prevent the T-bolt from falling to the bottom of the lower structure.

2. The hole guard is a support disposed on an upper portion of the substructure; a hole insert disposed under the support and inserted into a hole of the lower structure; and The bolt fastening structure using the hole guard according to claim 1 , further comprising a bolt hole formed through the support portion and the hole insertion portion so that the T-bolt can be inserted therein.

3. 3. The bolt fastening structure using a hole guard according to claim 2, wherein an outer diameter of the hole insertion portion is formed to be the same as an inner diameter of the hole formed in the lower structure.

4. 3. The bolt fastening structure using the hole guard according to claim 2, wherein a lower surface of the hole insertion portion includes a groove-shaped locking groove for fixing the T-bolt inserted into the hole guard to the hole guard.

5. The bolt fastening structure using a hole guard according to claim 2 , wherein the locking grooves are formed on both sides of the bolt hole from a lower surface of the hole insertion portion around the bolt hole.

6. 5. The bolt fastening structure using a hole guard according to claim 4, wherein a width of the locking groove is greater than a thickness of the lower lateral portion.

7. The bolt hole is 3. The bolt fastening structure using a hole guard according to claim 2, wherein the lower horizontal portion of the T-bolt has an elongated hole shape so that the lower horizontal portion passes through the hole insertion portion when the lower horizontal portion is inserted into the hole guard.

8. 3. The bolt fastening structure using a hole guard according to claim 2, wherein one side of a lower surface of the hole insertion portion includes a protrusion having a protruding shape so that the T-shaped bolt inserted into the hole guard is fixed to the hole guard.

9. 3. The bolt fastening structure using the hole guard according to claim 2, wherein a lower side surface of the hole insertion portion includes a protruding groove formed so that the lower horizontal portion inserted into the hole insertion portion protrudes from the side surface of the hole insertion portion.

10. 2. The bolt fastening structure using a hole guard according to claim 1, wherein the lower horizontal portion is integrally formed with the upper vertical portion and is formed to have the same length on both sides of the upper vertical portion.

11. 2. The bolt fastening structure using a hole guard according to claim 1, wherein the lower horizontal portion is integrally formed with the upper vertical portion and has different lengths on both sides of the upper vertical portion.

12. The lower lateral part is 3. The bolt fastening structure using a hole guard according to claim 2, wherein one or both sides of the upper vertical portion have a protruding portion protruding from the hole insertion portion so that the lower horizontal portion contacts the lower surface of the lower structure.

13. 2. A bolt fastening structure using a hole guard as described in claim 1, wherein the lower horizontal portion is connected to the lower portion of the upper vertical portion by a pivot pin so that the lower horizontal portion can pivot on the lower portion of the upper vertical portion.

14. The bolt fastening structure using a hole guard according to claim 13 , wherein the upper vertical portion includes a rotation groove that allows the lower horizontal portion to be inserted into the upper vertical portion when the lower horizontal portion rotates.

15. The bolt fastening structure using a hole guard according to claim 14, wherein the lower horizontal portion is connected to the upper vertical portion by the pivot pin such that one side of the lower horizontal portion has a shorter length than the other side around the pivot pin.

16. The bolt fastening structure using a hole guard according to claim 15, wherein one side end of the lower lateral portion is rounded so as to be inclined downward from the upper side.

17. The bolt fastening structure using a hole guard according to claim 15, wherein the depth of the rotation groove is shorter than the length of one side and the other side of the lower horizontal portion.

18. The lower lateral portion is an insertion state in which the lower lateral portion is inserted into the pivot groove and the T-bolt is inserted into the hole guard; and 14. A bolt fastening structure using a hole guard as described in claim 13, wherein after the T-bolt is inserted into the hole guard, the lower horizontal portion is rotated to have a perpendicular state to the upper vertical portion, and the T-bolt has a fixed state to be fixed to the hole guard.

19. Substructures located under the industrial installations and in which fastening holes are formed; a hole guard having an outer diameter equal to an inner diameter of a hole formed in the lower structure and being inserted into and fixed to the hole of the lower structure; an L-shaped bolt including an upper vertical portion having a helical thread and a lower horizontal portion extending from a lower end of the upper vertical portion via a bent portion, the L-shaped bolt being inserted into the hole guard; and a fall prevention washer that is ring-shaped and fastened to the L-shaped bolt and supported by the hole guard to prevent the L-shaped bolt from falling to the lower part of the lower structure; The hole guard is a support disposed on an upper portion of the substructure; a hole insert disposed under the support and inserted into a hole of the lower structure; and A bolt fastening structure using a hole guard, the bolt fastening structure including a bolt hole formed through the support portion and the hole insertion portion so that the L-shaped bolt can be inserted therein.

20. 20. The bolt fastening structure using a hole guard according to claim 19, wherein one side of a lower surface of the hole insertion portion includes a protrusion having a protruding shape so that the L-shaped bolt inserted into the hole guard is fixed to the hole guard.

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