Composition and method for growing aggregate of microorganisms in intestine of monogastric animal

Abstract

To provide a composition for growing an aggregate of microorganisms in an intestine of a monogastric animal, and a method for growing an aggregate of microorganisms in an intestine of a monogastric animal, and a method for increasing an average daily body weight gain of a monogastric animal.SOLUTION: A composition contains at least one kind of biologically pure cultured product of Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain having an amount effective for increasing an average daily body weight gain of a monogastric animal, and a preferable carrier.SELECTED DRAWING: None

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to compositions for growing a population of microorganisms in the intestine of a monogastric animal, and The present invention also relates to a method for growing a population of microorganisms in the intestine of a gastric animal. The present invention relates to a method for increasing the average daily gain of a gastroenteric animal. [Background technology]

[0002] Healthy, disease-free animals grow faster than diseased or immune-challenged animals It is known that the more efficient the conversion of food into body tissue, the faster the growth of animals. More efficient conversion of feed into long-term or desirable body tissues is both economically and ecologically beneficial for the food This is clearly important, especially in animals kept for For other reasons, it is desirable to prevent animals from contracting disease.

[0003] One approach to keeping animals healthy is to give them antibiotics. However, that approach is not recommended for animals bred for food, as antibiotic residues may be present in food. In addition, the use of antibiotics has the potential to select for antibiotic-resistant bacteria. This increases the risk of infection, which is a major concern for human health.

[0004] In another approach, supplementation of ruminants with live yeast has been shown to increase fiber digestion and its Numerous in vivo studies have shown that fiber digestion is improved in ruminants. The effect of live yeast on the proliferation of erythrocytes has been demonstrated (Wohlt et al., 1988; Guedes et al., 2008; Mar den et al., 2008), and one of the main mechanisms by which this is achieved is the proliferation of Fibrobacter serovar Increased growth and activity of fibrolytic bacteria including Fibrobacter succinogenes It was concluded that the cause was the addition of ty, 2002; Mosoni et al., 2007; Wallace and Newbold, 2007). The phylum Ibrobacteres was the first bacterial phylum described in ruminants. Only one genus, Fibrobacter, has been described, and this genus is currently officially cultivated. The described species cultivated was Fibrobacter intestinalis. stinalis and Fibrobacter succinogenes only The phylum Fibrobacteres contains a unique series of hemicellulolytic enzymes. It is known that the cellulose has a high efficiency and high production rate as a single energy source. It is a decomposing bacterium (Suen et al., 2011).

[0005] However, the phylum Fibrobacter in monogastric animals, more specifically in pigs, ) knowledge is not very advanced. Culture-dependent approaches using selective media and culture-independent techniques targeting 16S rDNA identified Fibrobacter spp. A potential core population inhabiting the porcine intestinal community was identified, including B. obacter. Fibrobacter intestinalis and Fibrobacter spp. Both Fibrobacter succinogenes and B. succinogenes have been identified in the intestines of pigs. Interactions between probiotics and Fibrobacteres in animals Little is known about the effect of weaning on the development of GABA in postweaned piglets. Supplementation with probiotic bacteria for 28 days after lactation increased the number of Fibrobacter species in the rats. s) population decline in ruminants (Li et al., 2016). Contrary to what has been observed in the literature, the fibrolytic community, or more precisely the fibrous community, in monogastric animals The effect of yeast on the activity and growth of Fibrobacteres has not been demonstrated. do not have.

[0006] Another less studied phylum is Actinobacteria, which has a relatively low abundance From the point of view of the function, it is considered minor, but the importance of the function is increasingly being asserted. An important fibrolytic family, the Bifidobacteriaceae, , part of the phylum Actinobacteria. Actinobacteria (Actinobacteria) also belong to the phylum Actinobacteria. Several species of bacteria are part of this family. is involved in the metabolism of bile acids, an interesting target for promoting feed efficiency and growth performance in animals. is doing.

[0007] Fiber breakdown, among other benefits, provides short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), which are the energy source for colonocytes. ), which is important for monogastric animals such as pigs.

[0008] Similarly, the conversion of primary bile acids to secondary bile acids improved growth performance (Ipharaguerre et al. ., 2018) is also becoming increasingly important. Promoting bile acid and secondary bile acid balance optimizes feed utilization and growth performance in monogastric animals Interesting to do.

[0009] The phyla Fibrobacteres and Actinobacteria have a relative abundance Although they are minor bacterial phyla in terms of abundance, they exert a fiber-degrading effect and belong to the Actinobacteria phylum ( Actinobacteria are bacteria that can convert bile acids (e.g., Collinsella sp. species and Olsenella species), which may provide important practical features In the intestine, the Coriobacteriacea e) are involved in important functions such as the conversion of bile salts and steroids and the synthesis of dietary polyphenols. (Clavel et al., 2014). ae) in the order Coriobacteriales (phylum Actinobacteria) This is a department of. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0010] Therefore, in order to increase fiber digestion in monogastric animals, Maintaining the population of microorganisms involved in fiber digestion, bile acid transformation, or both in the littermate intestine It is also necessary to increase the average daily gain of monogastric animals. The need for it is also increasing. [Means for solving the problem]

[0011] The present disclosure provides a method for the preparation of a food comprising administering to a monogastric animal an amount of Saccharomyces cerevisiae effective to increase the average daily gain of the animal. and at least one biologically pure culture of Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain. and a suitable carrier.

[0012] The present disclosure also provides methods for maintaining microbial populations in the intestines of monogastric animals and / or their littermates. an effective amount of Saccharomyces cerevisiae The present invention provides a composition comprising at least one biologically pure culture of a strain of Pseudomonas visiae and a suitable carrier. In one aspect of the present disclosure, the microbial population is provided with a microbial diet that is capable of digesting fiber, primary bile acids, and secondary bile acids. or both.

[0013] The present invention further relates to a feed or food additive comprising the composition defined in the embodiments of the present disclosure. Provide an add-on.

[0014] The present disclosure also provides an embodiment of the present disclosure for increasing the average daily gain of a monogastric animal. The present invention provides uses of the compositions defined above.

[0015] The present disclosure also provides methods for maintaining microbial populations in the intestines of monogastric animals and / or their littermates. The method comprises the steps of: The method includes feeding the monogastric animal an amount of the food.

[0016] The present disclosure also provides a method for increasing average daily gain in a monogastric animal, comprising: A method comprising the step of feeding a monogastric animal an effective amount of a composition as defined in the embodiments. to provide. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0017] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a graph showing the average daily gain (ADG) and feed conversion ratio obtained in piglets fed antibiotics only (control (Ctl)), Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii CNCM I-1079 combined with antibiotics (T1), and Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii CNCM I-1079 without antibiotics (T2) over the entire study period. [Diagram 2] Graph showing the mean abundance and detection frequency of Fibrobacteres at different time points (days 10, 34 and 50 (D10, D34 and D50)) and in average in piglets fed antibiotics only (control (Ctl+AB)), Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii CNCM I-1079 combined with antibiotics (LSB+AB) and Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii CNCM I-1079 without antibiotics (LSB). The first plot (left) shows the results per time point (days 10, 34 and 50). The second plot (middle) shows the same results, averaged per treatment over the entire experimental period, and the last figure (right) shows the mean detection frequency per treatment. [Diagram 3]FIG. 1 shows the median abundance of Actinobacteria, Coriobacteriaceae, and Collinsella and Olsenella species in piglets fed antibiotics only (Ctl+AB), Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii CNCM I-1079 + antibiotics (LSB+AB), and Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii CNCM I-1079 only (LSB). [Figure 4] Graph showing the mean abundance of Fibrobacteres by parity (right panel) and mean abundance in sows fed a control diet (Ctl) or Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii CNCM I-1079 (LSB). [Diagram 5]Left: frequency of detection of Fibrobacter intestinalis in piglets from dams fed either a control diet (Ctl) or Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii CNCM I-1079 (LSB); right: graph showing the effect of treatments received by sows (Ctl or LSB) and piglets (AB: positive control with antibiotics; Ctl: negative control without antibiotics and SB: Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii CNCM I-1079 diet) on the frequency of detection of F. intestinalis per time point (day 0, day 6 and day 20). When piglets are given antibiotics, F. intestinalis is not detected in the piglet feces, except when sows are fed Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii CNCM I-1079. Supplementation of sows with Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii CNCM I-1079 results in an increased frequency of detection of F. intestinalis in piglet feces when piglets receive a negative control (Ctl). [Figure 6] FIG. 1 is a graph showing the positive correlation between the relative abundance (%) of Fibrobacteres in sows before farrowing and the mean weaning weight (kg) of the piglets. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0018] Most nutrients from the feed are chemically digested and absorbed by the small intestine. This generally applies to proteins, lipids and digestible carbohydrates. The majority of carbohydrates reach the hindgut, where they are split by the local microbial community, the microbiota. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are formed as a product of this microbial fermentation. This can be absorbed locally and used as an energy source by the host. The fiber fraction of the feed is very heterogeneous and may include: Easily fermentable soluble components, such as fructans, gums and / or pectins ; partially degradable structural components, such as cellulose and / or hemicellulose; Actually indigestible cell wall protective substances such as chitin and / or lignin.

[0019] The inclusion of fiber in pig diets was associated with neutral detergent fiber (NDF) content. The rate of digestive transit is stimulated, which benefits animal welfare and reduces the incidence of constipation, stereotypes and and stress are reduced (Gerrits and Verstegen, 2006).

[0020] The proportion of fermentable fiber was positively associated with the soluble fiber content and negatively associated with the lignin level. This is related to changes in the intestinal environment (pH, ammonia concentration, SCFA production). Soluble, less lignified fibers (e.g., sugar beet pulp) and insoluble lignified fibers Both types of fiber (e.g., oat bran) promote the absorption of fats in pigs through different mechanisms. Affects gut health: a) production of SCFAs via hindgut fermentation, and b) gut motility and improved functionality (Nutritional requirements for swine, FEDNA, 2013).

[0021] Sows are well adapted to digest fiber. They are more likely to digest fiber than piglets or fattening pigs. The digestive tract contents are transported to the stomach for 70-85% of the total digestive time. They remain in the large intestine and come into contact with the hindgut microbiota. This peculiarity is evident in, for example, young pigs. In fact, it provides sows with a much higher cellulolytic activity than cows. Many of the bacteria capable of digesting fiber are also found in the colon of sows. Note that bacteria require an anaerobic environment in order to grow and be metabolically active. However, extensive angiogenesis stimulates the intestinal mucosa, providing oxygen and microbial This is not always the case as it can have a negative impact on your profile. It is clear that the sow microbiota has a strong influence on early colonization of piglets. It has been demonstrated that the increase in the fibrolytic bacterial population in sows may also be observed in piglets. It could be tasty.

[0022] Bile acids may be a promising tool to develop effective alternatives to the use of antibiotics as growth promoters. Indeed, it has emerged as a promising target for growth stimulation or prevention of postweaning enteritis in pigs. The use of antibiotics and zinc oxide in doses commonly used for prevention of bronchitis has been shown to reduce bile acid ( It has been demonstrated that the concentration of BA in the microbial production of BA increases with the increase in the ratio of BA to BA in the tissue. Specifically altering BA signaling in the intestine, liver and white adipose tissue Activation of the BA regulatory pathway is associated with bacterial infection and pathological secretion of fluids and electrolytes. Ultimately, this strengthens the intestinal protection against inflammatory bowel disease, attenuates colonic inflammation, and reduces the expression of proteins and These changes conserve nutrients for growth and increase the lipid metabolism of treated monogastric rats. It is believed that this may improve the metabolic efficiency of animals that produce these bile acids. Potential promotion of bacterial populations is of interest for promoting animal growth.

[0023] The present disclosure relates to the transduction of Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains into monogastric animals. or feeding a composition containing the same to a monogastric animal by affecting lower intestinal fermentation By increasing fiber digestibility and also stimulating bacterial populations involved in bile acid metabolism. By stimulating the feeding regime, it affects the feed efficiency of monogastric animals and the average daily gain of monogastric animals. This comes from the unexpected discovery that

[0024] Without being bound by any particular theory, it is believed that Saccharomyces cerevisiae in the intestines of monogastric animals Part of the mechanism of action of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is the induction of β-lactamase in both the cecum and colon. This is thought to be related to the rapid consumption of oxygen by the yeast during cell More anaerobic bacteria, including cellulose-degrading bacteria and bacteria involved in bile acid metabolism, can grow. Good anaerobic conditions are created, resulting in more energy in the form of SCFAs. While the same diet is released in a shorter time, changes in bile acid metabolism result in better growth efficiency. yield rate.

[0025] The present disclosure provides a method for the preparation of a food comprising administering to a monogastric animal an amount of Saccharomyces cerevisiae effective to increase the average daily gain of the animal. and at least one biologically pure culture of Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain. and a suitable carrier.

[0026] The present disclosure provides a method for maintaining microbial populations in the intestines of monogastric animals and / or their littermates. or an amount effective to grow Saccharomyces cerevisiae ae) a composition comprising at least one biologically pure culture of the strain and a suitable carrier. In one embodiment, the microbial population is adapted to digest fiber, convert primary bile acids to secondary bile acids, and transformation or both.

[0027] In one embodiment, a Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain At least one biologically pure culture is a probiotic strain. In an embodiment, at least one strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae At least one biologically pure culture of Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii ( In yet a further embodiment, the strain is Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii. At least one live strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae was Biologically pure cultures were obtained from the CNCM (i.e., COLLECTION NATIONA LE DE CULTURES DE MICROORGANISMES, Instit ut Pasteur, 25-28 rue du Docteur Roux, 757 24 Paris Cedex 15, France) under accession number I-1079. The deposited Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii var. boulardii) strain.

[0028] As used herein, the phrase "in an effective amount" refers to a monogastric animal and / or at least one of the factors that contribute to the maintenance or growth of the microbial population in the intestine of the At least one strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is sufficient. It is to be understood that the term refers to a quantity of one biologically pure culture. This expression is also used to refer to monogastric Saccharomyces cerevisiae, which is at least sufficient to increase the average daily gain of the animal A quantity of at least one biologically pure culture of Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain is also provided. Point.

[0029] In one embodiment, the population of microorganisms in the intestine of a monogastric animal and / or its littermates is at least sufficient to maintain or grow the offspring of monogastric animals; Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Sa The amount of at least one biologically pure culture of the at least one strain of C. cerevisiae is At least 1 x 10 per kilogram 7 CFU per kilogram of composition, at least 1×10 8 or at least 1×10 per kilogram of the composition 9 The amount of CFU. In one embodiment, Saccharomyces cerevisiae A biologically pure culture of at least one of the strains is present at a concentration of 1×10 per kilogram of the composition. 7 CFU ~ 1 × 10 12 In yet a further embodiment, the amount is in the range of CFU. At least one biologically active strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Pure cultures are typically 1 x 10 per kilogram of composition. 8 CFU ~ 1 × 10 12 CFU model In yet a further embodiment, the amount of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Sa At least one biologically pure culture of a strain of C. cerevisiae is 1 x 10 per program 9 CFU ~ 1 × 10 12 The amount is in the CFU range.

[0030] In one embodiment, the suitable carrier is a feed or food, more particularly suitable for monogastric animals. The term "feed or food" refers to any feed or food that can be consumed orally for an animal. It will be appreciated that the amount of food consumed may vary for monogastric animals. soups, pellet or meal-based diets for chickens and poultry, or for dogs and cats Includes, but is not limited to, kibble, wet foods and treats. In a further embodiment, Saccharomyces cerevisiae A biologically pure culture of at least one strain of B. revisiae was mixed with the basal diet of the monogastric animal. In an alternative embodiment, Saccharomyces cerevisiae At least one biologically pure culture of a strain of myces cerevisiae is administered on feed or food. In a further alternative embodiment, At least one strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Biologically pure cultures can be top-dressed on the basal diet of monogastric animals. do.

[0031] In one embodiment, the monogastric animal is a pig, dog, cat, horse, rabbit or poultry. In a further embodiment, the pigs include sows, growing and fattening pigs and In yet a further embodiment, the poultry include hens and chicks. In yet a further embodiment, the monogastric animal is a progeny thereof.

[0032] In an alternative embodiment, the composition further comprises at least one additional microbial strain. Additional microbial strains include Bacillus subtilis. tilis, B. amyloliquefaciens, B. liqueformis (B. licheniformis), Enterococcus faecium, Pedi Pediococcus acidilacti, Lactococcus lactis Lactococcus lactis, Lactobacillus acidophilus hilus, L. casei, L. plantarum, L. rhamnosa Examples of suitable microbial strains include, but are not limited to, L. rhamnosus, or mixtures thereof. do not have.

[0033] In another alternative embodiment, Saccharomyces cerevisiae ae) a composition comprising at least one biologically pure culture of a strain of Enterococcus spp. The composition may be free of bacterial strains and / or may be free of additional The composition may not include an additional yeast strain. The composition may not include an additional microbial strain. The present invention relates to one or more live strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. It may consist of, or consist essentially of, a biologically pure culture and a suitable carrier. It is also possible.

[0034] The compositions according to the present invention can be in any form that is presented to a monogastric animal. Then it will be clear which form is preferred for each monogastric species. To illustrate, the compositions according to the present disclosure may be formulated as gelatin capsules, pressed tablets, gel caps, etc. It can be in the form of a drug, animal feed or supplement, animal food or liquid beverage. Cut.

[0035] As used herein, the expression "population of microorganisms involved in fiber digestion" refers to the cell The ability to synthesize cellulose- and hemicellulolytic enzymes allows the synthesis of complex plant polysaccharides. Generally refers to microorganisms (often called fibrolytic bacteria) that can process fibers. Polysaccharides are found in the cell walls of plant cells, mainly composed of cellulose and hemicellulose. It exists in the form of compact fibers composed of loins.

[0036] As used herein, "a collection of microorganisms involved in the conversion of primary bile acids to secondary bile acids" refers to a group of microorganisms that are involved in the conversion of primary bile acids to secondary bile acids. The term "microorganism" should be understood to refer generally to microorganisms capable of metabolizing primary bile acids. Bile acids are produced by the mammalian liver from cholesterol and other acidic steroids. do.

[0037] In one embodiment, the population of microorganisms involved in fiber digestion is from the phylum Fibrobacter. Bacterial bacteria are a group of microorganisms from the phylum Actinobacteria, Actinobacteria, or both. In one embodiment, the population of microorganisms involved in fiber digestion is selected from the group consisting of Fibrobacter spp. Bifidobacterium, Bifidobacteriaceae, or both microbial populations In yet a further embodiment, the population of microorganisms involved in fiber digestion is Fibrobacter intestinalis, Fibrobacter Fibrobacter succinogenes, or both.

[0038] In one embodiment, the microorganism involved in the conversion of primary bile acids to secondary bile acids is from the phylum Actinomycetes. In a further embodiment, the primary bile acid is a secondary bile acid. The microorganisms involved in the conversion of lactic acid to lactic acid are from the family Coriobacteriaceae. In yet a further embodiment, the compound is a compound involved in the conversion of a primary bile acid to a secondary bile acid. The microorganisms involved are Collinsella species and Olsenella species. Or both microorganisms.

[0039] In either case, the microbial population can also increase the average daily gain of monogastric animals. Cut.

[0040] The present disclosure also relates to a feed or food additive comprising the composition defined in any of the preceding embodiments. Further additives are provided.

[0041] The present disclosure relates to a method for increasing fiber digestibility in monogastric animals, comprising the steps of: The present invention further provides a use of the composition. The fiber digestibility of a monogastric animal fed a composition as defined in Compared to the fiber digestibility of monogastric animals that did not have 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 8 It is increased by 0, 85, 90, 95 or 100%.

[0042] In another embodiment, the composition described in the previous embodiment is administered to a monogastric animal and / or It is used to maintain or grow the population of microorganisms in the intestines of its litter. In a further embodiment for use, the composition is administered to a monogastric animal to reduce the population of microorganisms in the intestine of the animal. The population is at least 100% greater than that of a monogastric animal that is not fed the composition, when compared to the population of microorganisms of the monogastric animal that is not fed the composition. 10, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 70, 80, 85, 90, 100, 105, 110, 115, 120, 125, 130, 135, 140, 145, 145, 150, 155, 160, 165, 170, 175, 180, 185, 190, 200, 205, 210, 215, 220, 225, 230, 235, 240, 245, 250, 255, 260, 265, 270, 275, 280, 285, 290, 295 In a further embodiment of the use, the population of microorganisms is increased by 300% or 300%. They are involved in the conversion of primary bile acids to secondary bile acids, or both.

[0043] In yet a further embodiment, the composition described in any of the preceding embodiments is administered to a monogastric animal. In a further embodiment, the composition is used to increase the average daily weight gain of a subject. The average daily gain of monogastric animals fed the composition was 100% greater than that of monogastric animals not fed the composition. At least 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 9 It is increased by 0, 95 or 100%.

[0044] The present disclosure provides a method for maintaining microbial populations in the intestines of monogastric animals and / or their littermates. or a method for growing monogastric rats, comprising administering an effective amount of a composition as defined in the preceding embodiment to monogastric rats. The method further comprises the step of feeding the animal. The population may be capable of fiber digestion, conversion of primary bile acids to secondary bile acids, or both, or In another embodiment of the method, the growth of the microbial population in the intestine of the monogastric animal is At least 10% of the microbial population of a monogastric animal that was not fed the composition , 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 70, 80, 85, 90, 100, 105, 110, 115, 120, 125, 130, 135, 140, 1 45, 145, 150, 155, 160, 165, 170, 175, 180, 185, 1 90, 200, 205, 210, 215, 220, 225, 230, 235, 240, 2 45, 250, 255, 260, 265, 270, 275, 280, 285, 290, 2 In another embodiment of the method, the composition is added to the animal's basal diet. Can be mixed with bait.

[0045] In a further embodiment of the method, Saccharomyces cerevisiae revisiae strain per kilogram of the composition. or at least 1×10 7CFU, at least 1 x 10 per kilogram of composition 8 ,Ma or at least 1 x 10 per kilogram of composition 9 The amount of CFU. In terms of morphology, at least one strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae One biologically pure culture is at least 1 x 10 per kilogram of composition. 7 CFU~1× 10 12 In yet a further embodiment, the amount is in the range of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. At least one biologically pure culture of a strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is 1 x 10 per kilogram of composition 8 CFU ~ 1 × 10 12 CFU range amounts In yet a further embodiment, the yeast is Saccharomyces cerevisiae. At least one biologically pure culture of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain is present per kilogram of the composition. 1×10 9 CFU ~ 1 × 10 12 The amount is in the CFU range.

[0046] In one embodiment of the method, the step of feeding the monogastric animal an effective amount of the composition is performed daily. In yet a further embodiment of the method, an effective amount of the composition is fed to said monogastric animal. The steps to be performed are at least 10, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 3 3, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46 , 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59 or daily over a 60-day period.

[0047] In one embodiment of the aforementioned method, the monogastric animal is pregnant, lactating, weaning or growing. It is.

[0048] In one embodiment of the method, the step of feeding the monogastric animal an effective amount of the composition is Feeding of the compositions according to the present invention to monogastric animals should also be done at least 5 days prior to feeding. It has been found that the composition also benefits the intestines of the offspring. The growth of the microbial population in the intestines of the progeny of monogastric animals fed the composition is comparable to that of the offspring of monogastric animals fed the composition. When compared with the population of microorganisms involved in fiber digestion in the gut of offspring of monogastric animals that had not been More specifically, the fiber content in the intestines of the offspring of monogastric animals fed the composition is increased. The growth of the population of microorganisms involved in fiber digestion was observed in the sucrose-derived sucrose extract from monogastric animals that were not fed the composition. At least 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 150, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800, 900, 1000, 1500, 1000, 1500, 2000, 2500, 3000, 4000, 5000, 6000, 7000, 8000, 9000, 10000, 15 ... 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 70, 80, 85, 90, 100, 105, 11 0, 115, 120, 125, 130, 135, 140, 145, 145, 150, 15 5, 160, 165, 170, 175, 180, 185, 190, 200, 205, 21 0, 215, 220, 225, 230, 235, 240, 245, 250, 255, 26 Increased by 0, 265, 270, 275, 280, 285, 290, 295 or 300% do.

[0049] In an alternative embodiment of the method described in the previous embodiment, the composition is fed to a monogastric animal. The step of administering the compound may be performed in combination with at least one antibiotic and / or zinc oxide. Antibiotics are commonly used in agriculture to grow monogastric animals. Antibiotics used include, for example, amoxicillin, doxycycline, and lincomycin. , colistin, tiamulin, or any combination thereof. Other suitable antibiotics may also be used in the above-described manner according to the present disclosure. The composition may be used in combination with

[0050] The present disclosure provides a method for increasing the average daily gain of offspring from a monogastric animal, comprising: A method comprising the step of feeding a monogastric animal an effective amount of the composition described in any of the above embodiments. In one embodiment of this method, an effective amount of a composition according to the present invention is The average daily weight gain of progeny from monogastric animals fed the composition was 100% greater than that of animals not fed an effective amount of the composition. The average daily gain of the progeny of monogastric animals was increased within at least 21 days compared to that of the progeny of monogastric animals. In another embodiment of this method, the average number of offspring from monogastric animals fed the composition is Average daily gain is the average daily gain of progeny from monogastric animals that were not fed the composition. When compared, at least 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 95 or 10 It will be increased by 0%.

[0051] In any of the above uses and methods, Saccharomyces cerevisiae A composition comprising at least one biologically pure culture of Enterococcus cerevisiae strain is The composition may be free of Enterococcus strains. The composition may be free of additional microbial strains and / or may not include additional yeast strains. The methods and uses may not require administration of an Enterococcus strain. The methods and uses may not include the use of additional bacterial strains and / or additional yeast strains. The methods and uses may not include administration of an additional microbial strain. good.

[0052] The aforementioned uses may be non-therapeutic. The aforementioned methods may be non-therapeutic. The specification includes a method for increasing the average daily gain of a monogastric animal, or maintain the microbial population in the intestine of monogastric animals and / or their littermates. The invention also describes the aforementioned compositions for use in a method for growing a cell. The present invention may be a method for the treatment of an animal body by

[0053] In all of the foregoing embodiments, the monogastric animal is a pig, a dog, a cat, a horse, a rabbit, a poultry, or their descendants. Pigs include sows, growing and fattening pigs, and piglets. The monogastric animal may be pregnant, lactating, weaning or growing. EXAMPLES

[0054] [Example 1] Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardi i) Postweaned piglets supplemented with CNCM I-1079 material and method Fecal samples were collected during a 50-day study on 288 piglets after weaning. Piglets were weaned at 21 days of age and followed a three-phase feeding program. In two phases (D0-D11 and D12-D33), antibiotics and ZnO were added, and in the third phase (D12-D33), During the second phase (D34-D50), only antibiotics were supplemented. The piglets were divided into three groups: Bait, 2×10 9 CFU / kg of Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii ces cerevisiae var. boulardii) CNCM I-1079 supplemented basal diet, D1 1 without medication 2×10 9 CFU / kg Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. braude Supplemented with Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii CNCM I-1079 On D10, D34 and D50, fecal samples were collected from 24 piglets per treatment group. Faecal samples were collected. Zootechnical performance was also measured: body weight (BW) was measured at the beginning and end of the study. Feed intake (FI) was recorded separately for each diet change, pen, and time of feeding. was measured every 10 min.

[0055] [Table 1]

[0056] Microbial DNA extraction and 16S rRNA gene sequencing The collected fecal samples were processed using a DNA extraction kit from Qiagen. DNA was extracted from 40-60 mg of feces using the ZR-96 Soil Microbe D The NA Kit™ (Zymo Research, Freiburg, Germany) was used. The procedure was carried out according to the manufacturer's instructions using a Retsch MM400 Mixer Mill. A 15 min bead-beat step at 30 Hz was applied using a 16S rRNA gene The V3 and V4 hypervariable regions of the gene were amplified using the following primers: V3-V4 area V3V4-343F 5'-CTTTCCCTACACGACGCTCTTCCGAT CTACGGRAGGCAGCAG-3' V3V4-783R 5'-GGAGTTCAGACGTGTGCTCTTCCGAT CTTACCAGGGTATCTAATCCT-3'

[0057] Use Reagent Kit v3 on a MiSeq sequencer according to the manufacturer's instructions ( High-throughput Sequencing was performed.

[0058] Bioinformatics analysis Bioinformatics analyses were performed by the GenoToul bioinformatics facility ( The generated paired-end 250 bp sequence was analyzed using a PCR kit (Toulouse, France). Arrays were assembled using Flash software (minimum overlap 10 bp The assembled sequences were analyzed using the FROGS pipeline. Briefly, the SWARM algorithm was used to process the Op Sequences were clustered into erational taxonomic units (OTUs). (Mahe et al., 2014). The chimeric sequences were then analyzed using the UCHIME algorithm. The genomic DNA was detected in each sample and removed from all samples (Edgar et al., 2011). A rarefaction step was applied to the dataset to eliminate bias due to differences in sequencing depth. A filtering step is applied to remove all singletons (i.e., OTUs (operational taxonomic units) represented by barcode reads were removed. The created OTU count table was normalized by cumulative scaling. Taxonomic annotation of OTUs was performed using the SILVA SSU database as well as the BLAST+ and RDP algorithms. BLAST hits with identity alignment and coverage alignment exceeding 99% were saved for annotation. Otherwise, the species was annotated as unknown, and the results of the RDP classifier were used for higher ranks. Bootstrap thresholds were set to 0.9 and 0.8, respectively, for annotation at the genus rank and higher ranks. Tables of relative abundances of phyla, families, and genera were created.

[0059] Statistical analysis Animal husbandry performance. Average daily gain (ADG), feed intake (FI), and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were measured repeatedly for each pen using the MIXED procedure of SAS (The SAS Stat. v. 9.3). The statistical model was used to clarify the main effects of treatment, sex, and time, considering the interactions between treatment and time, treatment and sex, and treatment×time×sex. The experimental unit was the pen. The significance levels were fixed at P≤0.01 for A and B, P≤0.05 for a and b, and 0.05 < P≤0.1 was considered a trend.

[0060] Analysis of the microbiota. Statistical analysis of the microbiota was performed using R software and RStudio software. The Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test was followed by pairwise tests (Conover test, PMCMR R package) for multiple comparisons of mean ranks. Compositional data were analyzed using a sequence-based algorithm. Difference analysis revealed that >0.005% of all sequences were identical. The Benjamini-Hochberg procedure was used. Contingency data were analyzed using the Fisher positive and negative hypothesis. Analysis was performed using probability tests.

[0061] result Animal husbandry performance. Overall, there was a significant difference (P<0.01) in average daily gain (ADG). Piglets fed T1 (yeast + antibiotics) had significantly higher IL-1 levels than those fed Ctl (Ctl + antibiotics) and and T2 (yeast only)-fed piglets grew faster than those fed T1 (yeast only) (Figure 1). The effect on feed conversion ratio (FCR) was observed, and piglets fed T1 had higher Ctl. The feed conversion to weight gain was better in the pigs fed the diet than in the pigs fed the diet. No significant difference was observed, and all piglets ate the same amount of feed regardless of treatment. Ta.

[0062] Analysis of the microbiota. The relative abundance of Fibrobacteres was significantly higher than that of Fibrobacter spp. without treatment. However, this increased over time (P <0.001). Yeast supplementation reduced the mean abundance of Fibrobacteres The abundance (expressed as %) and frequency of Fibrobacteres detection (%, P < 0.01) 05; Fig. 2). When supplemented with Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii CNCM I-1079 In these piglets, the presence of Fibrobacteres in the colon was significantly lower than in the control piglets. The abundance of Fibrobacter in the colon of these piglets was high, and the phylum Fibrobacter was ) was detected frequently.

[0063] Fauna of the phylum Actinobacteria and family Coriobacteriaceae The abundance of Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii was also significantly higher than that of Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii) in feces from piglets fed CNCM I-1079, It was found that the number of bacteria increased on the 50th and 60th days (Figure 3). Coriobacteriaceae is the most dominant group among the Actinobacteria, accounting for over 80% of the total. Within the family Coriobacteriaceae, two genera, O. Olsenella and Collinsella are the genus Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii CNCM I-1 079 was increased in fed piglets on D10 and D50.

[0064] [Example 2] Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii during pregnancy and lactation siae var. boulardii) sows supplemented with CNCM I-1079 material and method Experimental design Fecal samples were collected from sows (from 4 weeks before farrowing until weaning) and associated postweaned piglets. The data were collected during a study on sows. 9 CFU / kg Saccharomyces cerevisiae Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii CNCM I-1 079 supplemented or unsupplemented diets (Ctl or LSB diets, respectively). The piglets were weaned at 21 days of age and followed a two-phase feeding program. or Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii boulardii) Piglets born to sows treated with CNCM I-1079 were divided into three groups. : Basal diet (Ctl), supplemented with 2500 ppm ZnO and 420 ppm antibiotics Basal diet (antibiotic group; AB), 2 × 10 9 CFU / kg Saccharomyces cerevisiae Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii CNCM I-1079 Fecal samples were collected from primiparous and twice-parous female broodstocks. Data were collected from 13 and 22 sows per treatment, respectively. Fecal samples were collected from the treatment groups, 2 days after transfer to the farrowing pen and the day after farrowing. Ten piglets were sampled per day, giving a total of 60 piglets. The study was conducted on the day of weaning, 6 days after weaning, and 20 days after weaning.

[0065] Microbial DNA extraction and 16S rRNA gene sequencing The collected fecal samples were processed as follows: Microbial DNA extraction was performed using 40–60 μl of fecal DNA. g of feces were collected using the ZR-96 Soil Microbe DNA Kit (Zym o Research, Freiburg, Germany) according to the manufacturer's instructions. The mixture was milled in a Retsch MM400 Mixer Mill at 30 Hz for 15 min. The bead-beating step was applied. The V4 and V5 hypervariable regions of the 16S rRNA gene were The region was amplified using the following primers: V4-V5 area V4V5-515F 5'-CTTTCCCTACACGACGCTCTTCCGAT CTGTGYCAGCMGCCGCGGTA-3' V4V5-928R 5'-GGAGTTCAGACGTGTGCTCTTCCGAT CTCCCCGYCAATTCMTTTRAGT-3'

[0066] Use Reagent Kit v3 on a MiSeq sequencer according to the manufacturer's instructions ( High-throughput Sequencing was performed.

[0067] Bioinformatics analysis Bioinformatics analyses were performed by the GenoToul bioinformatics facility ( The generated paired-end 250 bp sequence was analyzed using a PCR kit (Toulouse, France). Arrays were assembled using Flash software (minimum overlap 10 bp The assembled sequences were analyzed using the FROGS pipeline. Briefly, the SWARM algorithm was used to process the Op Sequences were clustered into erational taxonomic units (OTUs). (Mahe et al., 2014). The chimeric sequences were then analyzed using the UCHIME algorithm. The genomic DNA was detected in each sample and removed from all samples (Edgar et al., 2011). The thinning step was applied to the dataset to avoid bias due to differences in sequencing depth. The filtering step was applied to remove all singletons (i.e., OTUs represented by only one read). The resulting OTU count table was normalized by cumulative scaling. The taxonomic annotation of OTUs was performed using the SILVA SSU database as well as the BLAST+ and RDP algorithms and. BLAST hits with identity and coverage alignments exceeding 99% were saved for annotation. Otherwise, the species was annotated as unknown and the results of the RDP classifier were used for higher ranks. For annotation at the genus rank and higher ranks, the bootstrap thresholds were set to 0.9 and 0.8, respectively. Tables of relative abundances of phyla, families, and genera were created.

[0068] Statistical analysis Livestock production ability. Average daily gain (ADG), feed intake (FI), and feed conversion ratio (F CR) were performed using the MIXED procedure of SAS (The SAS Stat. v.9.3) for repeated measurements. The statistical model revealed the main effects of sow treatment, piglet gender, and time, considering interactions. The significance levels were fixed at P≤0. 01 for A and B, P≤0.05 for a and b, and 0.05 < P≤0.1 was considered a trend.

[0069] Statistical analysis of the microbiota. The statistical analysis of the microbiota was performed using R software and RStudio software. The Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test was followed by Pairwise tests for multiple comparisons of mean rank sums (Conover test, PMCMR R The compositional data were analyzed using the genomic DNA sequencing package. Difference analysis revealed that >0.005% of all sequences were The Benjamini-Hochberg procedure was performed for only the corresponding taxa. Contingency data were analyzed using the Fisher method. The analyses were carried out using the exact probability test.

[0070] result Zootechnical performance. Sows were cultured with Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii (Saccharomyces Supplementation with Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii CNCM I-1079 improved the growth of offspring at weaning. The weight of the pigs was significantly increased (Table 1). Furthermore, the effect of supplementation of sows on growth performance was not observed. The results are shown for postweaning performance up to 35 days of age (Table 2).

[0071] These results suggest that sows should be treated with Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii. When fed S. cerevisiae var. boulardii CNCM I-1079, the offspring The growth of the oocyte was determined by the maternal Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii (Saccharomyces ce revisiae var. boulardii) in piglets not fed CNCM I-1079 It was more impressive than the growth I got.

[0072] [Table 2]

[0073] [Table 3]

[0074] Analysis of the microbiota. In sows, we investigated the microbiota of Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii (Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii) supplemented with CNCM I-1079 , demonstrated an effect on the alpha diversity of the microbiota. Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii (Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii) within CNCM I-1079 group At 100° C., higher sample uniformity was observed.

[0075] Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii in sows ae var. boulardii CNCM I-1079 supplementation before parturition significantly increased the prevalence of Fibrobacter robacteres) (Fig. 4).

[0076] In addition, the inventors used Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii (Sacc Haromyces cerevisiae var. boulardii) CNCM I-1079 supplement-fed offspring In pigs, Fibrobacter intestinalis We observed a higher frequency of occurrence of maternal effects (Figure 5). This persisted up to 20 days after weaning, regardless of the post-weaning diet. The frequency of occurrence of Fibrobacter intestinalis was Interestingly, Saccharomyces cerevisiae mutations in sows reduced the Seed boulardii (Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii) CNCM I-1079 supplement Feeding the sow delayed the effect of the drug on the piglets (Figure 5). Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii ) Possibly the early clinical course of these piglets when fed CNCM I-1079 This suggests a maternal imprinting effect by influencing Ronnie formation.

[0077] As shown in Figure 6, the pre-partum sow population was significantly higher than that of the phylum Fibrobacter. A positive correlation was also found between the relative abundance of ) and piglet performance (mean weaning weight).

[0078] All these results, taken together, indicate that Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii (Sacc The supplementation of CNCM I-1079 with haromyces cerevisiae var. boulardii was The population of Fibrobacteres was increased in the colon of sows, whereas the population of Saccharomyces cerevisiae was increased in the colon of sows. Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii CN CM I-1079 was also shown to increase leukemia in the colon of piglets fed the sows. In a first example, the activity against Fibrobacteres was In addition to the above results, the present inventors have found that Actinobacteria, in particular those that are unable to metabolize primary bile acids, Two genera, Collinsella and Olsenella, have been described. In the two examples shown, the piglets were simultaneously given larger It showed remarkable growth.

[0079] Although the invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments thereof, the scope of the claims is The present invention should not be limited by the preferred embodiments described in the examples, but rather by the overall disclosure. It is understood that these provisions shall be given the broadest interpretation consistent with the Subdivision.

[0080] Further embodiments of the invention: 1. A quantity of Saccharomyces cerevisiae effective to increase the average daily weight gain of a monogastric animal. A biologically pure culture of at least one Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain and a suitable support and a body. 2. Maintain or mature microbial populations in the intestines of monogastric animals and / or their littermates of a Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain effective to promote cell proliferation. A composition comprising at least one biologically pure culture and a suitable carrier. 3. (a) Microbial communities involved in fiber digestion, conversion of primary bile acids to secondary bile acids, or both. In some cases, the microorganisms involved in fiber digestion belong to the phylum Fibrobacter. res, Actinobacteria or both microorganisms, preferably fiber digesters. The microorganisms involved in the transformation are the genus Fibrobacteres, Bifidobacterium Preferably, the microorganism is a member of the Bifidobacteriaceae family or both, and more preferably, a member of the Bifidobacteriaceae family that is involved in fiber digestion. The microorganism in question is Fibrobacter intestinalis strain is; or (b) The microorganisms involved in the conversion of primary bile acids to secondary bile acids are Actinobacteria. In some cases, microorganisms involved in the conversion of primary bile acids to secondary bile acids It is a microorganism of the family Coriobacteriaceae. The composition of embodiment 2. 4. The population of microorganisms can increase the average daily gain of monogastric animals, or 3 compositions. 5.(a) Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains are probiotics. It is a medicament stock; (b) A Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain is - Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii strain; (c) Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains were identified as accessible to CNCM. Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. braude, deposited under session number I-1079 Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii strain; (d) the preferred carrier is a feed; (e) at least one strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae At least 1×10 biologically pure cultures per kilogram of composition 9 CFU amount is; (f) the composition further comprises at least one additional microbial strain; (g) The composition is in the form of a gelatin capsule, pressed tablet, gelcap, animal feed or liquid. In the form of a beverage; and / or (h) The monogastric animal is a pig, dog, cat, horse, rabbit or poultry or its progeny. , The composition of any of embodiments 1 to 4. 6. A feed or food additive comprising the composition of any one of embodiments 1 to 5. 7. Any of embodiments 1, 4 and 5 for increasing the average daily gain in monogastric animals Use of the composition according to claim 1. 8. The average daily gain of monogastric animals fed the composition is greater than that of monogastric animals not fed the composition. At least 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 10, 15, or 6 times the average daily gain of gastric animals. 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 8 The use of embodiment 7, wherein the concentration of 5, 90, 95 or 100% is increased. 9. Maintain or develop microbial populations in the intestines of monogastric animals and / or their littermates Use of the composition according to any one of embodiments 2 to 5 for the prolongation of 10. (a) The population of microorganisms in the intestine of a monogastric animal fed a composition is At least 10, 15, 20, 25% of the microbial populations of monogastric animals that were not , 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 70, 80, 85, 90, 100, 10 5, 110, 115, 120, 125, 130, 135, 140, 145, 145, 15 0, 155, 160, 165, 170, 175, 180, 185, 190, 200, 20 5, 210, 215, 220, 225, 230, 235, 240, 245, 250, 25 5, 260, 265, 270, 275, 280, 285, 290, 295 or 300 % increased, and / or (b) Microbial communities involved in fiber digestion, conversion of primary bile acids to secondary bile acids, or both do, Use of embodiment 9. 11. Maintaining the microbial population in the intestine of monogastric animals and / or their littermates; or The method comprises administering an effective amount of the composition according to any one of embodiments 2 to 5 to a patient. Feeding said monogastric animal. 12. (a) The growth of microbial populations in the intestines of monogastric animals is compared with that in monogastric animals that were not fed the composition. At least 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35% of the total microbial population of gastrointestinal animals , 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 70, 80, 85, 90, 100, 105, 110, 115, 120, 125, 130, 135, 140, 145, 145, 150, 155, 160, 165, 170, 175, 180, 185, 190, 200, 205, 210, 215, 220, 225, 230, 235, 240, 245, 250, 255, 260, Increased by 265, 270, 275, 280, 285, 290, 295 or 300% ; (b) the method comprises the step of mixing the composition with a basal diet of the animal; (c) feeding the monogastric animal an effective amount of the composition for at least 10, 11 , 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 3 8, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51 , 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59 or for a period of 60 days It takes place daily; (d) the composition fed to the monogastric animal contains at least one antibiotic, zinc oxide, or a mixture thereof, optionally wherein the antibiotic is amoxicillin, doxorubicin, cycycline, lincomycin, colistin, tiamulin, or any combination thereof It is a combination; (e) the monogastric animal is pregnant, lactating, weaning or growing; and / or (f) determining whether the growth of microbial populations in the intestines of progeny of monogastric animals fed the composition is consistent with the results of the present invention; The composition was fed to monogastric animals that were not fed the composition, and the microbial population in the intestines of the progeny was increased compared to that of the progeny. In some cases, the composition is fed to the progeny of the monogastric animal, and the microorganisms in the intestines of the progeny are increased. The growth of the population of microorganisms in progeny from monogastric animals that were not fed the composition At least 2, 3, 4, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 95 or 1 00% increased, The method of embodiment 11. 13. A method for increasing the average daily gain of a monogastric animal, comprising the steps of: 5. A method comprising the step of feeding a monogastric animal an effective amount of the composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4. . 14. (a) The average daily weight gain of a monogastric animal fed an effective amount of the composition is compared with the average daily gain of monogastric animals not fed an effective dose of Increased within; (b) the average daily weight gain of monogastric animals fed the composition is greater than that of animals not fed the composition; compared to the average daily gain of monogastric animals 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 8 Increased by 0, 85, 90, 95 or 100%; (c) The monogastric animal is a pig, dog, cat, horse, rabbit, poultry or their progeny; In some cases, the pigs consist of sows, growing and fattening pigs and piglets. selected from the group; and / or (d) the monogastric animal is pregnant, lactating, weaning or growing; The method of embodiment 13.

Claims

1. A monogastric animal is provided with an amount of Saccharomyces cerevisiae ( and a suitable carrier. and a composition comprising:

2. Maintaining or growing a population of microorganisms in the intestine of monogastric animals and / or their littermates A small amount of a Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain effective to cause A composition comprising at least one biologically pure culture and a suitable carrier.

3. The microbial population is involved in fiber digestion, conversion of primary bile acids to secondary bile acids, or both. The composition according to claim 2 .

4. The microorganisms involved in fiber digestion are Fibrobacteres, Actinomycetes 4. The composition of claim 3, wherein the microorganism is selected from the group consisting of microbial organisms such as Streptococcus faecalis, Streptococcus faecium ...

5. The microorganisms involved in fiber digestion are of the genus Fibrobacter, 5. The microorganism according to claim 4, which is a member of the Bifidobacteriaceae family or both. Composition of.

6. The microorganism involved in fiber digestion is Fibrobacter intestinalis.

6. The composition of claim 5, wherein the strain is a Streptomyces ter intestinalis.

7. The microorganism involved in the conversion of primary bile acids to secondary bile acids is Actinobacteria 3. The composition of claim 2, wherein the microorganism is selected from the group consisting of .

8. The microorganism involved in the conversion of primary bile acids to secondary bile acids is The composition of claim 7, wherein the microorganism is a microorganism of the order Riobacteriaceae.

9. 9. The composition of claim 2, wherein the population of microorganisms allows for an increase in the average daily gain of a monogastric animal. The composition according to any one of the preceding claims.

10. The Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain is a probiotic The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the strain is a strain of Bacillus subtilis.

11. The Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain is - a strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii, 11. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

12. The Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain is capable of accessing CNCM. Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. braude, deposited under session number I-1079 12. The method according to claim 1, wherein the strain is a Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii strain. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

13. A composition according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the suitable carrier is a feed.

14. The at least one strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae At least 1×10 biologically pure cultures per kilogram of said composition ９ CFU The composition of any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein

15. 15. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising at least one additional microbial strain. The composition described above.

16. In the form of gelatin capsules, pressed tablets, gelcaps, animal feed or liquid beverages The composition of any one of claims 1 to 15.

17. The monogastric animal is a pig, a dog, a cat, a horse, a rabbit, or a poultry, or a progeny thereof. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 16.

18. 18. A feed or food additive comprising a composition according to any one of claims 1 to 17.

19. 20. The method of claim 1, or any of claims 9 to 17, for increasing the average daily gain of a monogastric animal. Use of the composition according to claim 1.

20. The average daily gain of monogastric animals fed the composition is greater than that of animals not fed the composition. When compared to the average daily gain of monogastric animals, the ０、１５、２０、２５、３０、３５、４０、４５、５０、５５、６０、６５、７０、７５ 20. The use of claim 19, wherein the expression level of the IL-10 receptor agonist is increased by 80, 85, 90, 95 or 100%.

21. maintaining a population of said microorganisms in the intestine of a monogastric animal and / or its littermates; or 20. Use of a composition according to any one of claims 2 to 17 for growing.

22. The population of said microorganisms in the intestine of a monogastric animal fed with said composition is at least 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 95, 100, 100, 150, 200, 350, 400, 550, 600, 750, 800, 90 ５、３０、３５、４０、４５、５０、５５、６０、７０、８０、８５、９０、１００、１ ０５、１１０、１１５、１２０、１２５、１３０、１３５、１４０、１４５、１４５、１ ５０、１５５、１６０、１６５、１７０、１７５、１８０、１８５、１９０、２００、２ ０５、２１０、２１５、２２０、２２５、２３０、２３５、２４０、２４５、２５０、２ 55, 260, 265, 270, 275, 280, 285, 290, 295 or 300 22. The use of claim 21, wherein the .alpha.-tocopherol concentration is increased by .alpha.-tocopherol concentration.

23. The microbial population is involved in fiber digestion, conversion of primary bile acids to secondary bile acids, or both.

24. The use according to claim 21 or 23.

24. Maintaining or growing a population of microorganisms in the intestine of monogastric animals and / or their littermates 20. A method for administering an effective amount of the composition of any one of claims 2 to 17 to said single A method comprising the step of feeding a gastroenteric animal.

25. The growth of the microbial population in the intestine of a monogastric animal is compared with that of a monogastric animal that is not fed the composition. at least 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, ４０、４５、５０、５５、６０、７０、８０、８５、９０、１００、１０５、１１０、１ １５、１２０、１２５、１３０、１３５、１４０、１４５、１４５、１５０、１５５、１ ６０、１６５、１７０、１７５、１８０、１８５、１９０、２００、２０５、２１０、２ １５、２２０、２２５、２３０、２３５、２４０、２４５、２５０、２５５、２６０、２ 65, 270, 275, 280, 285, 290, 295 or 300% increased. The method according to claim 24.

26. 26. The method of claim 24 or 25, further comprising mixing the composition with the basal diet of the animal. The method described.

27. The step of feeding the monogastric animal an effective amount of the composition comprises at least 10, 11, 1 ２、１３、１４、１５、１６、１７、１８、１９、２０、２１、２２、２３、２４、２５ 、２６、２７、２８、２９、３０、３１、３２、３３、３４、３５、３６、３７、３８、 ３９、４０、４１、４２、４３、４４、４５、４６、４７、４８、４９、５０、５１、５ Daily for a period of 2, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59 or 60 days 27. The method according to any one of claims 24 to 26,

28. The composition fed to the monogastric animal comprises at least one antibiotic, zinc oxide or 28. The method of any one of claims 24 to 27, further comprising a mixture thereof.

29. The antibiotics are amoxicillin, doxycycline, lincomycin, colistin, 29. The method of claim 28, wherein said agonist is selected from the group consisting of tiamulin, ... and any combination thereof.

30. 30. The method of claim 24, wherein the monogastric animal is pregnant, lactating, weaning or growing.

2. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 11.

31. The growth of the microbial population in the intestine of the progeny of a monogastric animal fed the composition is When compared to the population of said microorganisms in the intestines of progeny from monogastric animals that were not fed the composition.

31. The method of any one of claims 24 to 30, wherein the concentration of the ionizing radiation is increased.

32. The growth of the microbial population in the intestine of the progeny of a monogastric animal fed the composition is When compared to the population of said microorganisms in the intestines of progeny from monogastric animals that were not fed the composition. , at least 2, 3, 4, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50 , 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 95 or 100% increased; 32. The method of claim 31 .

33. A method for increasing the average daily gain of a monogastric animal comprising the steps of:

8. A method comprising the step of feeding an effective amount of the composition of any one of claims 7 to a monogastric animal.

34. The average daily gain of a monogastric animal fed an effective amount of the composition is compared to the average daily gain of monogastric animals not fed the same amount for at least 21 days.

34. The method of claim 33, wherein the

35. The average daily gain of monogastric animals fed the composition is greater than that of animals not fed the composition. When compared to the average daily gain of monogastric animals, the ０、１５、２０、２５、３０、３５、４０、４５、５０、５５、６０、６５、７０、７５ , 80, 85, 90, 95 or 100% increased. Law.

36. The monogastric animal is a pig, a dog, a cat, a horse, a rabbit, a poultry or a progeny thereof.

36. The method according to any one of claims 33 to 35.

37. The pig is selected from the group consisting of sows, growing and fattening pigs and piglets. The method of claim 36 .

38. 37. The method of claim 33, wherein the monogastric animal is pregnant, lactating, weaning or growing.

2. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 11.

39. 15. The composition according to claim 1 to 14, wherein the composition does not contain Enterococcus strains. and the composition, method or use according to any one of claims 16 to 38.

40. The composition does not contain any strain of bacteria and / or additional yeast strains or additional microorganisms.

40. The composition, method or use of claim 39, free of strains.

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