Pest control bait

Abstract

To provide a pest control bait that resists a reduction in its attraction effect even when placed outdoors without enclosure in a container, and eliminates the need for container retrieval.SOLUTION: A pest control bait comprises an attracting component, a base oil composed of animal oils and fats, a thickener, and an insecticidal component.SELECTED DRAWING: None

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates to pest control baits. [Background technology]

[0002] In recent years, invasive species of ants such as Argentine ants and fire ants have been found all over Japan. Argentine ants are highly reproductive and aggressive, and there are concerns that they will drive out native species and have an impact on the ecosystem. Argentine ants are also known as nuisance pests, as they invade indoors and disrupt daily life.

[0003] Bait (poison bait) is known as one method of controlling social pests such as ants. It is possible to exterminate the entire nest by luring the ants and having them carry the bait back to the nest and share it with other adults and larvae in the nest.

[0004] Regarding pest control bait, for example, Patent Document 1 discloses a method for producing ant poison bait that easily attracts ants and has a moistness that ants like, is less likely to drip during transportation or use, and is inexpensive to obtain by reducing the costs required for production. The method is characterized by mixing components including at least an insecticide, sucrose, glycerin, starch syrup, and powder until it becomes a gel or paste, without adding gelatin, and without heating or cooling.

[0005] Furthermore, Patent Document 2 discloses a pest bait for applying an insecticidal component to pests, which is characterized by containing an edible component containing at least sugars and a repellent component that repels beneficial insects. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0006] [Patent Document 1] JP 2014-77016 A [Patent Document 2] Patent Publication No. 2022-54757 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0007] Patent Documents 1 and 2 disclose that bait is used in a container such as a resin case for water resistance, weather resistance, etc. When the bait is placed in a container, it is necessary to collect the container after a certain period of time has passed. In addition, when the bait is solid, it has a low attractant effect, and even if it is in a jelly form, it dries out easily, and the attractant effect tends to decrease as it solidifies.

[0008] An object of the present disclosure is to provide a pest control bait that prevents a decrease in attractant effect even when placed outdoors without being placed in a container, and does not require the work of recovering the container. [Means for solving the problem]

[0009] The above problems are solved by the following means. <1> The pest control bait comprises an attractant component, an animal fat base oil, a thickener, and an insecticide component. <2> Grease-like material with a temperature consistency (immiscible) of 85 to 440 at 5 to 60°C. <1> A pest control bait as described above. <3> The animal fat is a dewaxed animal fat. <1> or <2> A pest control bait as described above. <4> It also contains bitter compounds <1> ~ <3> 13. A pest control bait according to any one of claims 1 to 12. Effect of the Invention

[0010] According to the present disclosure, a pest control bait is provided that prevents a decrease in attractant effect even when placed outdoors without being placed in a container, and does not require the recovery of the container. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0011] Hereinafter, an embodiment of the pest control bait according to the present disclosure will be described. In the following description, the pest control bait may be simply referred to as "bait".

[0012] The pest control bait according to the present disclosure is composed of an attractant component, an animal fat base oil, a thickener, and an insecticide component. That is, the bait according to the present disclosure is made into a grease by including an animal fat base oil and a thickener in addition to the attractant component and the insecticide component. Such a grease-formed bait has water resistance (hard to dissolve in rain, etc.) and weather resistance (hard to dry out and hard to dissolve even in summer), and can be placed directly in the place where pests such as ants are to be exterminated without being placed in a container such as a resin case. The bait according to the present disclosure maintains a semi-solid state regardless of rain or ambient temperature after being placed outdoors, suppressing the decrease in the attractant effect, while biodegrading over time, eliminating the need to collect the container. In addition, since the bait is in a grease form, it is easier for pests to consume than solid baits, and the attractant effect can be enhanced. The reason why the attractant effect is enhanced by making the bait in a grease form is unclear, but it is presumed that the attractant component is more likely to scatter when animal fats and oils are used as the base oil. Each component will be described below.

[0013] (Attractant) The attractant component is a component that can attract pests to the bait and have them eat it, and may be selected depending on the pest to be exterminated. For example, sugars such as fish meal, cricket meal, black soldier fly meal, glucose, fructose, galactose, maltose, sucrose, dextrin, granulated sugar, brown sugar, brown sugar, and white sugar; fruit juice powders such as apple, pear, grapefruit, orange, lemon, grape, strawberry, pineapple, mango, lychee, kiwi, peach, blueberry, cranberry, raspberry, passion fruit, blueberry, and banana; alanine, glycine, valine, and asparagus. Examples of the ingredients include amino acids such as ginic acid and glutamic acid; plants or plant seeds such as sesame, beans, millet, barnyard millet, onion, and pumpkin seeds; vegetable powders such as cornstarch, soybean flour, sweet potato powder, starch, wheat flour, rice bran, bran, and mashed potato flour; oils such as coconut oil, olive oil, and sesame oil; peanut paste, honeycomb, beef, eggs, krill, shrimp, cheese, livestock meat, fish meat, cotton seeds, aphids, and honey wax secreted from scale insects. These ingredients may be used alone or in combination of two or more. For example, as the attractant ingredient, black soldier fly powder and sucrose may be used in combination, or sucrose alone may be used.

[0014] The content of the attractant component is not particularly limited, but if the content of the attractant component is too low, the attractant effect of pests will be insufficient, and if the content is too high, the content of components other than the attractant component will be insufficient, resulting in insufficient insecticidal effect or insufficient greasing. From this point of view, the attractant component is preferably contained in the bait in a range of 1 to 50% by mass, more preferably 10 to 45% by mass.

[0015] (Insecticidal ingredient) As the insecticidal component, an insecticide that does not adversely affect (repellent) the feeding habits of pests may be selected according to the pest to be exterminated. Specific examples of the insecticidal component include pyrethrum extract, natural pyrethrin, prallethrin, imiprothrin, phthalthrin, allethrin, transfluthrin, resmethrin, fenothrin, cyphenothrin, permethrin, cypermethrin, etofenprox, cyfluthrin, deltamethrin, bifenthrin, fenvalerate, fenpropathrin, silafluofen, metofluthrin, profluthrin, tralomethrin, and acrinathrin. pyrethroid compounds such as fenitrothion, diazinon, malathion, pyridaphenthion, prothiophos, phoxim, chlorpyrifos, dichlorvos, dichlorophenthion, tetrachlorvinphos, propetamphos, and other organophosphorus compounds; organic halogen compounds such as silafluofen; carbamate compounds such as carbaryl, propoxur, methomyl, thiodicarb, and fenobucarb; oxadiazole compounds such as methoxadiazone; neonicotinoid compounds such as dinotefuran, imidacloprid, acetamiprid, clothianidin, thiacloprid, thiamethoxam, and nitenpyram; phenylpyrazole compounds such as fipronil and pyriprole; pyrrole compounds such as chlorfenapyr; sulfonamide compounds such as amidoflumet; methoprene, hydroprene, pyriproxyfen, diflubenzuron, triflumuron, teflubenzuron, chlorfluazuron, and flufe Examples of the insect growth regulators include noxuron, hexaflumuron, cyromazine, etc.; amidinohydrazone compounds such as hydramethylnon; oxadiazine compounds such as indoxacarb, metadiamide compounds such as broflanilide; insecticidal essential oils such as benzyl alcohol and peppermint oil; boric acid, borax, chlorfenapyr, isomers or derivatives thereof; and synergists such as piperonyl butoxide, sinepirin 500, sinepirin 222, S-421, etc. The insecticidal components may be used alone or in combination of two or more depending on the species of pests to be exterminated.

[0016] The insecticidal component may be either quick-acting or slow-acting, and may be selected according to the target of extermination. For example, when carrying the insect to a nest like ants and exterminating the nest, it is preferable to use a slow-acting insecticidal component. A slow-acting insecticidal component is an insecticidal component that can act for a certain period of time when it comes into contact with a pest or is eaten by the pest, but dies after the certain period of time has passed. Examples of slow-acting insecticidal components that do not adversely affect feeding and have no adverse effect include phenylpyrazole insecticides such as fipronil, carbamate insecticides such as carbaryl and propoxur, neonicotinoid insecticides such as dinotefuran, clothianidin, and imidacloprid, and boric acid. Among these, fipronil is preferable. Boric acid can also be used as a preservative.

[0017] The content of the insecticidal component in the bait according to the present disclosure may be selected based on the pests to be exterminated and the effective amount of the insecticidal component to be used. Although it depends on the insecticidal component, it is preferable to contain it in the bait in a range of, for example, 0.001 to 1 mass %. For example, when fipronil is used against ants, the bait can contain fipronil in an amount of 0.001 to 0.05% by mass, preferably 0.002 to 0.01% by mass. When dinotefuran is used for centipedes, the bait may contain dinotefuran in an amount of 0.1 to 1 mass %, preferably 0.2 to 1 mass %.

[0018] (Animal fat base oil) The pest control bait according to the present disclosure contains animal fats and oils as a base oil. Examples of animal fats and oils include marine animal fats such as fish oil and whale oil, and land animal fats such as beef tallow, lard (pork fat), mutton tallow, and cow leg oil. From the viewpoints of weather resistance and moldability, animal fats that are solid at room temperature (23°C) are preferred, and from the viewpoints of availability and attracting properties, lard and beef tallow are preferred. The melting point of lard is 33 to 46°C, and the melting point of beef tallow is 40 to 50°C. Therefore, if lard and / or beef tallow is used as the base oil, the bait is likely to be kept in a grease-like state even in an environment where the temperature is 30°C or higher.

[0019] On the other hand, animal fats and oils contain wax components, which may solidify in a low-temperature environment, preventing the release of the attractant components, and thus reducing the attractant effect of the bait. Therefore, it is preferable to use dewaxed animal fats and oils for use as base oil. A known dewaxing method can be applied, for example, a method in which the animal fats and oils are cooled, components that solidify at low temperatures (wax components) are precipitated, and the wax components are then removed by filtration. If such dewaxed animal fats and oils are used as base oil, the solidification of the base oil is suppressed even in a low-temperature environment, and high attractant properties can be exhibited.

[0020] The content of animal fats and oils (base oil) depends on the type of animal fats and oils used, but if it is too low, the bait is difficult to turn into a grease, and if it is too high, the content of the attractant and insecticidal components becomes relatively low, resulting in a decrease in the attractant and insecticidal effects. Depending on the type of animal fats and oils, the content of animal fats and oils in the bait is preferably 20 to 90% by mass, more preferably 40 to 85% by mass.

[0021] (Thickener) A thickener is a component that disperses finely in a base oil to form a stable three-dimensional structure, turning the base oil into a semi-solid (grease-like) state, and also affects water resistance, etc. The bait agent according to the present disclosure can be made into a grease-like (semi-solid) state by including an animal fat (base oil) and a thickener.

[0022] Examples of thickeners include low molecular gelling agents and inorganic substances such as bentonite, silica gel, and silica (hydrophobic or hydrophilic). Examples of low molecular gelling agents include metal soaps such as lithium soap, calcium soap, sodium soap, and aluminum soap, complex metal soaps, complex sulfonic acid metal salts, oil wax, urea compounds, glutamic acid derivatives, salts of dehyroabietic acid, inulin esters, and dextrin esters. Many of bentonite, silica gel, and silica are derived from minerals, and many of them contain crystalline silica, which is a carcinogenic substance. Silica also has a non-crystalline form, which is preferred as a thickener. The thickener depends on the type of base oil, but for example, hydrophilic silica and lithium soap can be preferably used.

[0023] The oil wax preferably has a melting point of 50°C or higher depending on the conditions of use, and is preferably derived from animals and plants, not from petroleum.Specific examples include stearic acid, 12-hydroxystearic acid, hardened beef tallow oil, hardened lard oil, beeswax, pine resin, privet wax, rice wax, carnauba wax, hardened castor oil, sunflower wax, extremely hardened rapeseed oil, hardened jojoba oil, high strength soybean hardened oil, candelilla wax, and white wax.

[0024] The content of the thickener varies depending on the affinity with animal fats and oils (base oil) and the hardness required for the bait, but is, for example, 5 to 30% by mass in the bait.

[0025] (Other Ingredients) The bait according to the present disclosure may contain, in addition to the attractant, animal fat base oil, thickener, and insecticide, other components within a range that does not significantly impair the effects of each of these components. Examples of other components include bitter components, antioxidants, preservatives, preservatives, pigments, pH adjusters, etc.

[0026] The inclusion of a bitter component can prevent accidental ingestion by animals such as pets. An example of a bitter component (an agent for preventing accidental ingestion) is denatonium benzoate.

[0027] Examples of antioxidants (oxidation stabilizers) include erythorbic acid and its salts, dibutylhydroxytoluene, dl-α-tocopherol (vitamin E), nordihydroguaiaretic acid, methylhydroxyanisole, propyl gallate, guaiac oil, L-cysteine ​​salts, etc. The content of the antioxidant in the bait is, for example, 0.01 to 1% by mass.

[0028] Examples of preservatives include benzoic acid and its salts, salicylic acid, diphenyl, sorbic acid and its salts, dehydroacetic acid and its salts, parahydroxybenzoic acid esters, sodium propionate, potassium propionate, phenoxyethanol, cetylpyridinium chloride, and the like.

[0029] Examples of colorants include tar-based colorants such as Yellow No. 4, Red No. 102, and Blue No. 1, as well as caramel.

[0030] Examples of pH adjusters include citric acid and hydrogen phosphate.

[0031] 5°C is the lowest temperature at which ants are active, and is the pour point of dewaxed lard. 60°C is the highest temperature of asphalt in summer. The range of 5 to 60°C is the temperature range expected in outdoor environments. The consistency (unmixed) is an index that indicates the hardness of a grease, and if it is 85 or less, it is solid and too hard, resulting in poor attractant properties, and if it is 440 or more, it is liquid and too soft, resulting in lack of stability. Therefore, the pest control bait according to the present disclosure is preferably a grease-like agent with a temperature consistency (unmixed) of 85 to 440 at 5 to 60°C. Here, the temperature consistency (unmixed) at 5 to 60°C is a value measured using a JIS K2220 consistency meter.

[0032] (How bait is manufactured) The method for producing the bait according to the present disclosure is not particularly limited, and it can be produced by mixing a predetermined amount of an attractant component selected according to the pest to be exterminated, a base oil of animal fats and oils, a thickener, an insecticide component, and other components as necessary, and kneading them to form a grease-like material. The produced bait can be filled into a tube or the like for storage. The bait according to the present disclosure does not need to be placed in individual containers such as plastic cases, and therefore is easy to manufacture and production costs can be kept low.

[0033] (Pests to be eradicated) There are no particular limitations on the pests that can be controlled by the bait according to the present disclosure, and examples include ants, bees, cockroaches, centipedes, millipedes, pillbugs, woodlouse, caterpillars, and mites.

[0034] (How to use) The bait according to the present disclosure is made into a grease by containing an animal fat base oil and a thickener in addition to the attractant and insecticidal components, and has water resistance and weather resistance. The method of using the bait according to the present disclosure is not particularly limited, but for example, the bait is filled in a tube, and an arbitrary amount is placed by pushing it out of the tube at a place where pests such as ants are to be exterminated. Since the bait according to the present disclosure is based on oil (animal fat), it repels water and does not dissolve even when exposed to rainwater after being placed outdoors, and it does not melt even in hot summer environments, maintaining a semi-solid state, suppressing the decrease in the attractant effect, while biodegrading over time, so there is no need to collect the container. The placement location of the bait according to the present disclosure may be determined according to the pest to be exterminated, and is not limited to outdoors, and may be placed indoors. EXAMPLES

[0035] Examples of the pest control bait according to the present disclosure will be described below. Note that the following examples do not limit the pest control bait according to the present disclosure.

[0036] [Example 1] (Materials used) Bait was prepared using the following materials and its attractant effect on Argentine ants was investigated. Attractant ingredients: fish meal, cricket meal, soldier fly meal Animal fats and oils (base oils): lard, beef tallow · Thickener: Hydrophilic silica Insecticide: Fipronil ·Oxidation stabilizer: Vitamin E

[0037] <Test Method> (Preliminary survey) Cotton soaked in sucrose was placed in several places on the ground and left for 60 minutes to observe whether Argentine ants were feeding on it.

[0038] (Attraction test) Grease-type bait samples were prepared by mixing the components shown in Table 1. The temperature consistency (immiscible) at 5 to 60°C was 85 to 440. Each bait sample was left in locations where Argentine ants had been confirmed to be feeding on the bait in a preliminary survey, and after 120 minutes, the bait was visually confirmed to be attractive to Argentine ants. ◎: High attractant effect was observed ○: Attractive effect was observed △: An attractive effect was observed in some areas ×: No attractive effect was observed

[0039] [Table 1]

[0040] All samples were found to be partially attractive to Argentine ants.

[0041] (Attraction duration test) Grease-type bait samples were prepared by mixing the components shown in Table 2. The temperature consistency (immiscible) at 5 to 60°C was 85 to 440. Bait samples were left in locations where Argentine ants had been confirmed to be feeding on the bait in preliminary surveys, and their attractiveness to Argentine ants was confirmed visually 14 days later.

[0042] [Table 2]

[0043] A high attractant effect was observed even after 14 days of leaving the sample.

[0044] (Argentine ant death test 1) The components shown in Table 3 were mixed to prepare a grease-type bait sample.

[0045] [Table 3]

[0046] The bait samples were placed in polystyrene cases near the locations where Argentine ants had been confirmed to be feeding on the bait in the preliminary survey, and the conditions inside the cases were observed. Details are as follows: A φ5mm hole was drilled in the top of the polystyrene case to allow ventilation. Bait samples and absorbent cotton were placed in the polystyrene case to allow for moisture to be added. A paper rag (product name: Kimwipe) was placed between the case body and the top to prevent ants entering the case from escaping through the air hole. The polystyrene case containing the bait sample was placed in a location that was not exposed to direct sunlight or rain. A separate case containing a blank sample that did not contain any insecticide was also placed in the same location.

[0047] Two days after installation, the inside of each case was observed and several dead Argentine ants were found in the case containing the insecticide-containing bait sample, whereas no dead ants were found in the case containing the blank sample.

[0048] (Argentine ant death test 2) Grease-type bait samples were prepared by mixing the components shown in Table 4. The consistency (immiscible) at temperatures between 5 and 60°C was 85 to 440.

[0049] [Table 4]

[0050] We prepared samples immediately after preparation (undegraded product), samples one week after preparation (one-week degraded product), and samples two weeks after preparation (two-week degraded product), and placed each sample in a polystyrene case in the same manner as in Argentine Ant Extinction Test 1, and placed them near the location where Argentine ants had been confirmed to be feeding in the preliminary survey. We also set up another case containing a blank sample that did not contain any insecticidal ingredients, and checked the conditions inside each case.

[0051] When the inside of each case was observed four days after installation, it was confirmed that about 10 Argentine ants were dead in each case that had contained the insecticide-containing bait sample, whereas no dead ants were found in the case containing the blank sample. After the bait according to the present disclosure was prepared, it still had the same extermination effect against Argentine ants as the undegraded product even after two weeks in an open, wind-exposed environment, and it is believed that the extermination effect lasts longer due to the greasing process.

Claims

1. The pest control bait comprises an attractant component, an animal fat base oil, a thickener, and an insecticide component.

2. 2. The pest control bait according to claim 1, which is in the form of a grease and has a temperature consistency (unmixed) of 85 to 440 at 5 to 60°C.

3. 2. The pest control bait of claim 1, wherein the animal fat is a dewaxed animal fat.

4. 3. The pest control bait according to claim 2, wherein the animal fat is a dewaxed animal fat.

5. The pest control bait according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a bitter component.

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