Coating member and coating method

Abstract

To provide a novel coating member and coating method which can coat a greening material regardless of an angle of a surface of a structure to be greened and the size of its peripheral space.SOLUTION: A coating member for coating an exposure surface of a structure includes: a foam layer arranged on the exposure surface; and a surface layer arranged on the outer surface of the foam layer.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a coating member and a coating method. [Background technology]

[0002] Patent Document 1 discloses a method for reinforcing and greening a concrete slope. In this greening method, a honeycomb-shaped reinforcing material is installed on an existing concrete slope, and then vegetative soil or the like is filled in and greened. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Patent Publication No. 2022-031495 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] In recent years, there has been an increasing demand for greening the walls of structures such as bridge substructures and buildings. When installing greening materials on the walls of structures, the surrounding area of ​​the structure may be filled with soil in advance to provide a slope to prevent the greening materials from flowing away. In such a greening method, it is required that the greening materials can be installed regardless of the size of the space around the structure.

[0005] An object of the present invention is to provide a novel covering member and covering method that enables installation of greening materials regardless of the angle of the surface of the structure to be greened or the size of the surrounding space. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] A covering member according to one aspect of the present disclosure is a covering member that covers an exposed surface of a structure, and includes a foam layer that is disposed on the exposed surface, and a surface layer that is disposed on an outer surface of the foam layer.

[0007] In addition, a coating method according to another aspect of the present disclosure is a coating method for covering an exposed surface of a structure, comprising the steps of forming a foam layer on the exposed surface and forming a surface layer on the outer surface of the foam layer. Effect of the Invention

[0008] The present disclosure can provide a new covering member and covering method that allows greening materials to be installed regardless of the angle of the surface of the structure to be greened or the size of the surrounding space. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0009] [Figure 1] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a covering member according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure. [Diagram 2] FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a covering member according to a second embodiment of the present disclosure. [Diagram 3] FIG. 11 is a top view showing a covering member according to a second embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 4] FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a covering method using the covering member of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0010] Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings.

[0011] First Embodiment As shown in Fig. 1, the covering member 1 of the first embodiment of the present disclosure covers an exposed surface S of a substructure 22 (one example of a structure in the first embodiment) that supports a deck 21 of a bridge 20. The exposed surface S is one side surface of the substructure 22 other than the back surface R that is covered with embankment 30 and is exposed to the outside. The exposed surface S of the present embodiment is the side surface opposite the back surface R of the substructure 22. The exposed surface S extends in a substantially vertical direction (the direction of arrow Z in Fig. 1) from the adjacent ground G, i.e., the exposed surface S is a vertical wall having an inclination angle θS of approximately 90°.

[0012] The covering member 1 includes a foam layer 2 disposed on the exposed surface S, and a surface layer 4 disposed on the outer surface of the foam layer 2.

[0013] The foam layer 2 covers the exposed surface S and contacts a part of the ground G. Furthermore, the foam layer 2 is formed of a foamed resin molded body obtained by foaming synthetic resin such as polystyrene (PS), polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polyurethane (PU), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), or the like.

[0014] The foam layer 2 of this embodiment is formed of a rigid polyurethane foam. The foam layer 2 is formed to have a density of 30 kg / m3 to 70 kg / m3 (JIS A9511) and a compressive strength of 60 kN / m2 or more, preferably about 60 kN / m2 to 200 kN / m2 (JIS A9511).

[0015] Furthermore, the foam layer 2 preferably has a cell structure with a closed bubble structure. The foam layer 2 is formed to have water resistance, and can prevent deterioration over time due to rainwater. The water resistance of the foam layer 2 preferably complies with the Japan Water Works Association standard JWWA K143.

[0016] The foam layer 2 of this embodiment is a so-called on-site foamed resin molded body that is foamed by mixing liquid foaming raw materials at the construction site of the covering member 1. The foam layer 2 is not limited to this, and may be made of a material other than a on-site foamed resin molded body. For example, the foam layer 2 may be made of a foam block that has been foamed into a predetermined shape in advance.

[0017] The foam layer 2 is foamed by injecting a liquid foaming raw material into a foaming space surrounded by the exposed surface S and the ground G at the construction site. Furthermore, the foam layer 2 may be formed by discharging the foaming raw material with a spray. This allows the foam layer 2 to foam freely according to the surface shape of the exposed surface S. Therefore, the foam layer 2 is excellent in workability during construction and shape followability to the exposed surface S.

[0018] The foam layer 2 of this embodiment is formed of a hard polyurethane foam that is foamed in situ by mixing two liquids, a polyol component and a polyisocyanate component. The polyol component is, for example, a polyol having a group that reacts with isocyanate, an amine compound, etc., and further contains a catalyst, a flame retardant, a foaming agent, etc. The foaming agent is not particularly limited, but examples thereof include water, carbon dioxide, and hydrocarbons. It is preferable to use a polyol that reacts with isocyanate, an amine compound, and water as raw materials from the viewpoint of adhesion to a structure surrounding the foaming space.

[0019] The outer surface of the foam layer 2 has an inclination angle θ1 with respect to the ground G. The inclination angle θ1 is the angle between the ground G and a straight line (see the dashed line in FIG. 1) connecting the apex A in the height direction (arrow Z direction in FIG. 1) and the ground contact point B that contacts the ground G. The inclination angle θ1 of the foam layer 2 is different from the inclination angle θS of the exposed surface S. The inclination angle θ1 of the foam layer 2 is smaller than the inclination angle θS of the exposed surface S, and more preferably, is 45° or more and less than 90°. The inclination angle θ1 of the foam layer 2 in this embodiment is about 60° to 80°, which is smaller than the inclination angle θS (90°) of the exposed surface S.

[0020] The foam layer 2 is formed as a lump, and unlike aggregates of powders such as powdery or granular materials (for example, embankments made of earth and sand), it can stand on its own without collapsing even if the inclination angle θ1 exceeds 45°. Therefore, the foam layer 2 can select an inclination angle θ1 that exceeds the angle of repose of the embankment when a similar structure is formed by embankment. This allows the foam layer 2 to increase the inclination angle θ1 and reduce the area in contact with the ground G. Therefore, the covering member 1 can cover the exposed surface S regardless of the size of the space around the structure. Furthermore, since the foam layer 2 stands on its own, the covering member 1 can prevent the foam layer 2 from pressing the exposed surface S, and as a result, can prevent a load from being applied to the substructure 22.

[0021] The outer surface of the foam layer 2 has a horizontal plane H between the apex A and the ground point B. That is, the outer surface of the foam layer 2 has a stepped shape having at least one step. This allows the foam layer 2 to hold the surface layer 4 on the outer surface of the foam layer 2.

[0022] Furthermore, the horizontal surface H of this embodiment has a first horizontal surface h1 to a fourth horizontal surface h4. The first horizontal surface h1 and the second horizontal surface h2 are connected by a vertical surface extending in the up-down direction (the direction of the arrow Z in FIG. 1). The same is true for the second horizontal surface h2 to the third horizontal surface h3 and the third horizontal surface h3 to the fourth horizontal surface h4. That is, the outer surface of the foam layer 2 of this embodiment is formed in a four-step staircase shape. As a result, even if the surface layer 4 moves downward due to wind and rain, the foam layer 2 can stop the movement of the surface layer 4 at any of the first horizontal surface h1 to the fourth horizontal surface h4. As a result, the foam layer 2 can prevent the surface layer 4 from flowing out.

[0023] The area and number of the horizontal surfaces H can be changed according to the inclination angle θ1 of the foam layer 2 and the size of the exposed surface S.

[0024] The surface layer 4 is a greening layer formed on the outer surface of the foam layer 2. The surface layer 4 may be formed in contact with a part of the ground G. The surface layer 4 of this embodiment covers the outer surface of the foam layer 2 with a predetermined thickness without any gaps, forming a slope. However, the surface layer 4 may be formed along the surface shape of the foam layer 2.

[0025] The surface layer 4 includes planting soil such as sand or soil. In this embodiment, the surface layer 4 is made of continuous fiber reinforced soil in which sandy soil and fibrous material made of polyester or the like are mixed in a predetermined ratio. Plant seeds and seedlings are planted in the surface layer 4 to form a greening layer.

[0026] <Second embodiment> Next, a second embodiment of the present disclosure will be described with reference to Figures 2 and 3. As shown in Figure 2, a covering member 201 of the second embodiment covers the entire periphery of the side of a substructure 222 (an example of a structure in the second embodiment) that supports a deck 221 of a bridge 220. Note that, below, differences from the first embodiment will be described, and descriptions of overlapping configurations will be omitted.

[0027] The substructure 222 is disposed in the middle of the bridge 220, and all four sides are exposed. As shown in FIG. 3 , the exposed surface S in this embodiment includes a first exposed surface s1, a second exposed surface s2, a third exposed surface s3, and a fourth exposed surface s4 corresponding to the four sides of the substructure 222.

[0028] The foam layer 202 has a first foam layer 202a arranged on the first exposed surface s1, a second foam layer 202b arranged on the second exposed surface s2, a third foam layer 202c arranged on the third exposed surface s3, and a fourth foam layer 202d arranged on the fourth exposed surface s4. The first foam layer 202a to the fourth foam layer 202d of this embodiment all have the same inclination angle θ1 (see FIG. 2). In addition, the first foam layer 202a to the fourth foam layer 202d are connected to each other and surround the outer periphery of the substructure 222. That is, the foam layer 202 of this embodiment has a truncated pyramid shape having a step with the substructure 222 as the center.

[0029] The surface layer 204 includes a first surface layer 204a disposed on the outer surface of the first foam layer 202a, a second surface layer 204b disposed on the outer surface of the second foam layer 202b, a third surface layer 204c disposed on the outer surface of the third foam layer 202c, and a fourth surface layer 204d disposed on the outer surface of the fourth foam layer 202d. The first surface layer 204a to the fourth surface layer 204d of this embodiment cover the surfaces of the first foam layer 202a to the fourth foam layer 202d in accordance with the inclination angle θ1. As a result, the surface layer 204 covers the foam layer 202 without any gaps.

[0030] Next, a covering method using the covering member 1 will be described with reference to Fig. 4. The covering method includes a step of forming a foam layer and a step of forming a surface layer.

[0031] First, as shown in FIG. 4(a), in the step of forming the foam layer 2, the exposed surface S of the structure is covered with a foamed resin molded body. In this embodiment, a wall material C that serves as a formwork is placed in advance on the exposed surface S of the substructure 22 in accordance with the shape of the foam layer 2, and a foaming raw material is sprayed into the inside of the wall material C. As a result, the liquid foaming raw material foams and hardens inside the wall material C, forming the foam layer 2. The wall material C is removed after the foam layer 2 has hardened. As a result, the foam layer 2 is formed in a state where it is bonded to and integrated with the exposed surface S of the substructure 22.

[0032] Next, as shown in Fig. 4(b), in the step of forming the surface layer 4, continuous fiber reinforced soil is placed on the outer surface of the foam layer 2. This forms the surface layer 4 on the outer surface of the foam layer 2. Through the above steps, the covering member 1 is formed, and the exposed surface S of the substructure 22 is covered.

[0033] The covering member 1 (201) of the present disclosure includes a foam layer 2 (202) disposed on the exposed surface S, and a surface layer 4 (204) disposed on the outer surface of the foam layer 2 (202). The foam layer 2 (202) can cover the exposed surface S with the foam layer 2 (202) itself standing on its own, regardless of the inclination angle θS of the exposed surface S.

[0034] Furthermore, the foam layer 2 (202) of the present disclosure may be in contact with the ground G adjacent to the exposed surface S. This allows the foam layer 2 (202) to have a slope with an inclination angle of θ1 and cover the exposed surface S. Therefore, the foam layer 2 (202) can stably stand on its own in contact with the ground G and the exposed surface S.

[0035] In addition, the inclination angle θ1 of the foam layer 2 (202) of the present disclosure may be different from the inclination angle θS of the exposed surface S. As a result, the foam layer 2 (202) is not restricted by the inclination angle θS of the exposed surface S, and can form an outer surface having any inclination angle θ1.

[0036] Furthermore, the outer surface of the foam layer 2 (202) of the present disclosure may be formed in a stepped shape, which allows the surface layer 4 (204) to be held on the outer surface of the foam layer 2 (202) regardless of the inclination angle θ1 of the foam layer 2 (202).

[0037] In addition, the surface layer 4 (204) of the present disclosure may be a greening layer. Furthermore, the surface layer 4 (204) of the present disclosure may contain sand or soil. This allows the covering member 1 (210) to cover the exposed surface S and green it.

[0038] In the covering method for covering an exposed surface S of the present disclosure, a foam layer 2 (202) is formed on the exposed surface S, and a surface layer 4 (204) is formed on the outer surface of the foam layer 2 (202). This makes it possible to easily cover the exposed surface S without previously carrying out measures such as filling the exposed surface S.

[0039] In addition, in the covering method, the foam layer 2 (202) may be formed by spraying a foaming raw material onto the exposed surface S. This makes it possible to form the foam layer 2 (202) regardless of the size of the work space.

[0040] As described above, the covering member and covering method disclosed herein can provide a novel covering member and covering method that can cover greening materials regardless of the angle of the surface of the structure to be greened or the size of the surrounding space.

[0041] Although the embodiment of the present disclosure has been described above, the present disclosure is not limited to the above embodiment, and various modifications are possible without departing from the gist of the invention. In particular, the multiple modifications described in this specification can be arbitrarily combined as necessary.

[0042] For example, in the above embodiment, the example of covering the substructure of a bridge has been described, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. The structure to be covered may be a side wall surface of a building or an outer circumferential surface of a concrete pillar. The exposed surface may be a flat surface or a curved surface having a step.

[0043] In the above embodiments, the first embodiment is described as an example of covering one side surface of the substructure, and the second embodiment is described as an example of covering the entire periphery of the substructure, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. The exposed surface S on which the covering member 1 (201) is provided may be a part of one side surface of the structure, or may be all or a part of the side surface of the structure. [Explanation of symbols]

[0044] 1 (201): Covering member 2 (202): Foam layer 4 (204): Surface layer 22: Substructure (structure) S: Exposed surface θS: Slope angle θ1: Slope angle

Claims

1. A covering member for covering an exposed surface of a structure, a foam layer disposed on the exposed surface; a surface layer disposed on the outer surface of the foam layer; Covering material.

2. The foam layer contacts the ground adjacent the exposed surface. The covering member according to claim 1 .

3. The exposed surface and the foam layer have different inclination angles The covering member according to claim 1 .

4. The outer surface of the foam layer is stepped. The covering member according to claim 1 .

5. The surface layer is a greening layer. The covering member according to claim 1 .

6. The surface layer comprises sand or soil. The covering member according to claim 1 .

7. A coating method for covering an exposed surface of a structure, comprising the steps of: forming a foam layer on the exposed surface; forming a surface layer on the outer surface of the foam layer. Covering method.

8. In the step of forming the foam layer, a foaming raw material for the foam layer is sprayed onto the exposed surface to form the foam layer. The coating method according to claim 7.

Images