Dual-function medical device with diagnostic tool and treatment tool

Abstract

To provide a dual-function medical devices with diagnostic and treatment capabilities, such as real-time visualization and ablation.SOLUTION: The medical device can be delivered into an endoscope working channel to provide real-time visualization (e.g., radial ultrasound imaging) and treatment (e.g., soft tissue ablation) of cancerous tissue. For example, a first lumen may contain high frequency linear or radial ultrasound and a second lumen may contain a surgical instrument such as an ablation tool. Some embodiments may include a controller having a feedback loop configured to adjust the treatment tool based on data from the diagnostic tool. For example, the power of the ablation tool may be adjusted by the controller based on the data generated by the imaging device.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 6A

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates generally to the field of medical devices. In particular, the present disclosure relates to devices, systems, and methods with diagnostic and therapeutic capabilities, such as imaging and ablation capabilities. [Background technology]

[0002] In medicine, diagnostic tools can be used to identify the nature or cause of a particular phenomenon, and therapeutic tools can be used to ameliorate a particular phenomenon. For example, a diagnostic tool may include an imaging device used to identify the nature of cancerous tissue, and a therapeutic tool may include an ablation tool used to remove the cancerous tissue. Often, multiple diagnostic procedures must be performed before and / or after each therapeutic procedure. For example, a diagnostic tool (e.g., imaging) may be used to identify and locate a target anatomy, a therapeutic tool (e.g., ablation) may be used to treat the target anatomy, and then another diagnostic tool (e.g., biopsy) may be used to verify the treatment.

[0003] With these considerations in mind, a variety of advantageous medical outcomes may be achieved by the devices, systems, and methods of the present disclosure. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In one aspect, the present disclosure relates to an apparatus including a handle assembly, an elongated member, and a diagnostic tool. The handle assembly may include a bifurcation joint, a flush port assembly, and a device port configured to receive a treatment tool. The elongated member may include a first lumen and a second lumen, and the bifurcation joint connects the flush port assembly to a proximal end of the first lumen and connects the device port to a proximal end of the second lumen. The diagnostic tool may extend through the flush port assembly, through the bifurcation joint, and into the first lumen.

[0005] In some embodiments, the device includes a treatment tool, the treatment tool extending through the device port, through the bifurcated joint, and into the second lumen. In various embodiments, the device includes a probe having a first opening and a second opening, the probe connecting a distal end of the first lumen to the first opening and a distal end of the second lumen to the second opening. In various such embodiments, the first opening may be perpendicular to the second opening. In some such embodiments, the probe may include an angled surface adjacent the second opening, the angled surface configured to deflect the treatment tool from a longitudinal axis of the elongate member when the treatment tool is extended from the second opening. In one or more such embodiments, the probe may include an imaging window and a marker. In many embodiments, the device may include a plunger assembly configured to move the treatment tool distally and proximally. In many such embodiments, the apparatus includes a therapeutic tool, the therapeutic tool extending through the device port, through the plunger assembly, through the bifurcated joint, and into the second lumen. In some embodiments, the diagnostic tool includes an ultrasound transducer. In some such embodiments, the ultrasound transducer may operate at a frequency greater than 30 megahertz. In one or more embodiments, the flush port assembly is configured to rotate at least partially about a longitudinal axis of the diagnostic tool. In some embodiments, the first lumen has a diameter of less than 0.75 millimeters. In various embodiments, the therapeutic tool includes an ablation tool. In many embodiments, the therapeutic tool includes one or more of a ball-tipped laser fiber and a blunt-ended radio frequency ablation tool. In some embodiments, the flush port assembly may rotate at least 180 degrees about a longitudinal axis of the diagnostic tool.

[0006] In another aspect, the present disclosure relates to a system comprising an elongate member, a diagnostic tool, a therapeutic tool, and a controller. The elongate member may include a first lumen and a second lumen. The diagnostic tool may be disposed in the first lumen. The therapeutic tool may be disposed in the second lumen. The controller may be communicatively coupled to the diagnostic tool and the therapeutic tool. The controller may include a processor and a memory having instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to generate electromagnetic waves to operate the therapeutic tool and generate sensor data at the diagnostic tool.

[0007] In some embodiments, the memory includes instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to calibrate the electromagnetic waves based on the sensor data. In some such embodiments, the treatment tool comprises an ablation tool, and calibrating the treatment tool includes setting a power level of the ablation tool. In various embodiments, the sensor data includes an ultrasound image. In many embodiments, the memory includes instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to identify ablated tissue based on the sensor data. In some embodiments, the memory includes instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to determine a depth of ablation based on the sensor data and set a power level of the treatment tool based on the depth of ablation.

[0008] In yet another aspect, the present disclosure relates to a method, which may include one or more of imaging a target tissue with a diagnostic tool disposed within a first lumen of the elongate member, treating the target tissue with a therapeutic tool disposed within a second lumen of the elongate member.

[0009] In some embodiments, the method includes imaging the target tissue a second time with the diagnostic tool after treatment of the target tissue with the treatment tool to verify treatment of the target tissue. In various embodiments, the method includes one or more of scanning the target tissue with the treatment tool, imaging the scanned target tissue with the treatment tool, and setting a power level of the treatment tool based on the imaging of the scanned target tissue with the treatment tool. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0010] Non-limiting embodiments of the present disclosure are described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are schematic and are not intended to be drawn to scale. In the drawings, each of the identical or nearly identical components shown is typically represented by a single numeral. For clarity, not every component is labeled in every drawing, and not every component of each embodiment is shown unless illustration is necessary to enable a person skilled in the art to understand the disclosure. [Figure 1] FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary dual function device according to one or more embodiments disclosed herein. [Figure 2A] 2A-2C illustrate various aspects of an exemplary dual function device according to one or more embodiments disclosed herein. [Figure 2B] 2A-2C illustrate various aspects of an exemplary dual function device according to one or more embodiments disclosed herein. [Figure 2C] 2A-2C illustrate various aspects of an exemplary dual function device according to one or more embodiments disclosed herein. [Figure 3A] 3A-3H illustrate various aspects of an exemplary probe for a dual function device according to one or more embodiments disclosed herein. [Figure 3B]3A-3H illustrate various aspects of an exemplary probe for a dual function device according to one or more embodiments disclosed herein. [Figure 3C] 3A-3H illustrate various aspects of an exemplary probe for a dual function device according to one or more embodiments disclosed herein. [Figure 3D] 3A-3H illustrate various aspects of an exemplary probe for a dual function device according to one or more embodiments disclosed herein. [Figure 3E] 3A-3H illustrate various aspects of an exemplary probe for a dual function device according to one or more embodiments disclosed herein. [Figure 3F] 3A-3H illustrate various aspects of an exemplary probe for a dual function device according to one or more embodiments disclosed herein. [Figure 3G] 3A-3H illustrate various aspects of an exemplary probe for a dual function device according to one or more embodiments disclosed herein. [Figure 3H] 3A-3H illustrate various aspects of an exemplary probe for a dual function device according to one or more embodiments disclosed herein. [Figure 4A] 4A-4C illustrate an exemplary handle assembly for a dual function device according to one or more embodiments disclosed herein. [Figure 4B] 4A-4C illustrate an exemplary handle assembly for a dual function device according to one or more embodiments disclosed herein. [Figure 4C] 4A-4C illustrate an exemplary handle assembly for a dual function device according to one or more embodiments disclosed herein. [Figure 5A] 5A-5E illustrate various aspects of an exemplary handle assembly according to one or more embodiments disclosed herein. [Figure 5B] 5A-5E illustrate various aspects of an exemplary handle assembly according to one or more embodiments disclosed herein. [Figure 5C] 5A-5E illustrate various aspects of an exemplary handle assembly according to one or more embodiments disclosed herein. [Figure 5D] 5A-5E illustrate various aspects of an exemplary handle assembly according to one or more embodiments disclosed herein. [Figure 5E] 5A-5E illustrate various aspects of an exemplary handle assembly according to one or more embodiments disclosed herein. [Figure 6A] 6A and 6B are diagrams illustrating various internal components of an exemplary handle assembly according to one or more embodiments disclosed herein. [Figure 6B] 6A and 6B are diagrams illustrating various internal components of an exemplary handle assembly according to one or more embodiments disclosed herein. [Figure 7A] 7A-7D illustrate various aspects of an exemplary bifurcated joint for a handle assembly according to one or more embodiments disclosed herein. [Figure 7B] 7A-7D illustrate various aspects of an exemplary bifurcated joint for a handle assembly according to one or more embodiments disclosed herein. [Figure 7C] 7A-7D illustrate various aspects of an exemplary bifurcated joint for a handle assembly according to one or more embodiments disclosed herein. [Figure 7D] 7A-7D illustrate various aspects of an exemplary bifurcated joint for a handle assembly according to one or more embodiments disclosed herein. [Figure 8A]8A-8J illustrate various aspects of an exemplary flush port assembly for a handle assembly according to one or more embodiments disclosed herein. [Figure 8B] 8A-8J illustrate various aspects of an exemplary flush port assembly for a handle assembly according to one or more embodiments disclosed herein. [Figure 8C] 8A-8J illustrate various aspects of an exemplary flush port assembly for a handle assembly according to one or more embodiments disclosed herein. [Figure 8D] 8A-8J illustrate various aspects of an exemplary flush port assembly for a handle assembly according to one or more embodiments disclosed herein. [Figure 8E] 8A-8J illustrate various aspects of an exemplary flush port assembly for a handle assembly according to one or more embodiments disclosed herein. [Figure 8F] 8A-8J illustrate various aspects of an exemplary flush port assembly for a handle assembly according to one or more embodiments disclosed herein. [Figure 8G] 8A-8J illustrate various aspects of an exemplary flush port assembly for a handle assembly according to one or more embodiments disclosed herein. [Figure 8H] 8A-8J illustrate various aspects of an exemplary flush port assembly for a handle assembly according to one or more embodiments disclosed herein. [Figure 8I] 8A-8J illustrate various aspects of an exemplary flush port assembly for a handle assembly according to one or more embodiments disclosed herein. [Figure 8J]8A-8J illustrate various aspects of an exemplary flush port assembly for a handle assembly according to one or more embodiments disclosed herein. [Figure 9] FIG. 9 illustrates various aspects of an example controller according to one or more embodiments disclosed herein. [Figure 10] FIG. 10 illustrates various aspects of an exemplary ultrasound image according to one or more embodiments disclosed herein. [Figure 11] FIG. 11 illustrates an embodiment of a computing architecture in accordance with one or more embodiments disclosed herein. [Figure 12] FIG. 12 illustrates an example aspect of a communications architecture according to one or more embodiments disclosed herein. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0011] The present disclosure generally relates to dual-function medical devices with real-time visualization and diagnostic and therapeutic capabilities such as ablation. Many embodiments may include a dual lumen catheter and ergonomic handle configured for dual-function diagnostic and therapeutic use during a medical procedure, such as a duodenoscope. The medical device can be delivered into an endoscope working channel to provide real-time visualization (e.g., radial ultrasound imaging) and therapy (e.g., soft tissue ablation) of cancerous tissue. For example, a first lumen may include high frequency linear or radial ultrasound, and a second lumen may include a surgical instrument such as an ablation tool. Some embodiments may include a controller with a feedback loop configured to adjust a therapeutic tool based on data from the diagnostic tool. For example, the power of the ablation tool may be adjusted by the controller based on data generated by an imaging device. Many embodiments disclosed herein may enable a physician to surgically treat a patient endoscopically or laparoscopically before activating a diagnostic device (e.g., an ultrasound imager) to scan the treatment area to ensure the treatment is completed as expected. This eliminates the need for pathology confirmation that the procedure was completed as expected, greatly improving efficiency, user experience, and patient experience. These and other embodiments are described and claimed.

[0012] It is to be understood that the disclosure contained herein is exemplary and explanatory only, and not limiting. As used herein, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or device comprising a list of elements does not include only those elements, but may include other elements not expressly listed or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or device. The term "exemplary" is used in the sense of "example" rather than "ideal." Although endoscopes and endoscopic systems are referred to herein, reference to endoscopes, endoscopic systems, or endoscopy should not be construed as limiting the possible applications of the disclosed embodiments. For example, the disclosed embodiments may be used in combination with duodenoscopes, bronchoscopes, ureteroscopes, colonoscopes, catheters, diagnostic or therapeutic tools or devices, or other types of medical devices or systems.

[0013] Reference is now made to the drawings, wherein like reference numerals are used to refer to like elements throughout. In the following description, for purposes of explanation, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding thereof. It will be apparent, however, that the novel embodiments may be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, well-known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form to facilitate description thereof. The intention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives within the scope of the claims.

[0014] FIG. 1 illustrates a dual function device 100 according to one or more embodiments disclosed herein. Generally, the dual function device 100 may include a probe 102, a handle assembly 104, and a hub assembly 106. The probe 102 may be connected to the handle assembly 104 via a dual lumen catheter 108 that facilitates efficient and reliable use of a therapeutic tool 116-1 and a diagnostic tool 116-2, among other features. For example, the therapeutic tool 116-1 may include an ablation tool and the diagnostic tool 116-2 may include a radial ultrasound probe. The dual function device 100 may include a distal end 145 at the probe 102 and a proximal end at the hub assembly 106. The handle assembly 104 may include a tool lock 110, an actuating member 112, and a flush port 114. The actuating member 112 may operate the therapeutic tool 116-1 between a plurality of positions when the tool lock 110 is unlocked. In various embodiments, the treatment tool 116-1 may extend from the probe 102 during use and may be stored within the probe 102 when not in use. In various such embodiments, the treatment tool 116-1 may be lockable in each of the positions.

[0015] In one or more embodiments, the hub assembly 106 can interface with logic and / or control circuitry to operate at least the tool 116-2. For example, the tool 116-2 can include one or more transducers for imaging, which can interface with a controller (e.g., imaging control 990 of FIG. 9) via the hub assembly 106. In many embodiments, one or more components shown in or described with respect to FIG. 1 can be the same or similar in structure, function, and / or appearance as one or more other components disclosed herein. The embodiments are not limited in this context, and one or more aspects and / or components can be incorporated into other embodiments disclosed herein without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

[0016] In various embodiments, the probe 102 may be inserted into a body lumen for diagnostic and / or therapeutic purposes. For example, the dual-function device 100 may be utilized to image and / or ablate tissue within a patient. In some embodiments, the dual-function device 100 may be used as a stand-alone device for insertion into a body lumen. However, in additional or alternative embodiments, the dual-function device 100 may be configured to extend through a working channel of another medical device (e.g., a duodenoscope, endoscope, ureteroscope, bronchoscope, colonoscope, arthroscope, cystoscope, hysteroscope, etc.). For example, the dual-function device 100 may be inserted through a duodenoscope for duodenal mucosal resurfacing.

[0017] In many embodiments, the dual function device 100 may be modular (including one or more modular assemblies), such as to facilitate efficient manufacturing, selectable tools, and / or reliable operation. In some embodiments, the therapeutic tool 116-1 and the diagnostic tool 116-2 may have a side-by-side configuration within the handle assembly 104. In some such embodiments, the side-by-side configuration may facilitate reliable and intuitive one-handed operation with either hand. For example, the tool lock 110 may provide ambidextrous operation (see, e.g., FIGS. 5C-5E). In some embodiments, one or more of the therapeutic and diagnostic tools 116 may be fixed within the probe and / or handle or removable from within the probe and / or handle.

[0018] The flush port can facilitate fluid being provided proximate the distal end 145, such as through a lumen of the tool 116-2. In some embodiments, a fluid, such as saline, can be introduced through the flush port 114. In some embodiments, a fluid that aids in imaging, such as a conductive medium that displaces another less conductive medium, can be introduced through the flush port 114. For example, saline may be introduced through the flush port 114 to the distal end of the medical device 100 to facilitate the propagation of sound waves from an ultrasound transducer such as the tool 116-2 in the probe 102, as compared to air. In some embodiments, the flush port can be used to direct other types of fluids for various other diagnostic or therapeutic purposes.

[0019] The dual lumen catheter 108 and the proximal portion of the tool 116-2 (e.g., between the flush port 114 and the hub assembly 106) may have the same or different diameters. In some embodiments, the common diameter may be made possible by the fact that the proximal portion of the tool 116-2 has a larger diameter drive cable than the distal portion of the tool 116-2 extending through the dual lumen catheter 108. In many embodiments, the dual lumen catheter 108 comprises an elongate member. In many embodiments, the elongate member (and / or probe) may have an outer diameter of 1 to 10 millimeters. For example, the outer diameter may be 2 mm, 4.2 mm, or 7.3 mm. In some embodiments, the lumen for the diagnostic tool may have an inner diameter of 0.1 mm to 2 mm, and the lumen for the therapeutic tool may have an inner diameter of 1 mm to 9.9 mm. For example, the lumen for the diagnostic tool may have an inner diameter of 0.71 mm, and the lumen for the therapeutic tool may have an inner diameter of 4 mm.

[0020] 2A-2C illustrate various aspects of the dual function device 100 according to one or more embodiments disclosed herein. More specifically, FIG. 2A illustrates axial displacement and rotation of one or more of the probe 102, the handle assembly 104, the tool 116-1, and the tool 116-2. FIG. 2B illustrates axial displacement and rotation between the flush port 114 and the handle body 243. FIG. 2C illustrates axial rotation of the tool 116-2 between the distal end 145 and the proximal end 155 of the dual function device 100. In embodiments disclosed herein, the components of the dual function device 100 can rotate and / or translate in a reliable, intuitive, unique and advantageous manner. For example, embodiments can include an adjustable and leak-proof flush port assembly configured for use with a radial ultrasound system to provide real-time imaging and targeting of difficult to access treatment sites. For example, the dual function device 100 may extend beyond the distal end of a duodenoscope to access a narrower gastrointestinal passageway than the distal end of the duodenoscope can access. In such cases, for example, the dual function device may be configured to extend 15 centimeters or more beyond the distal end of the duodenoscope. Additionally, the adjustable flush port assembly may include an adjustable ultrasound probe and / or flush port configured to allow a physician to position / reposition components of the radial ultrasound system (e.g., ultrasound probe, flush port, and / or probe assembly) proximally / distally (e.g., along a longitudinal axis), laterally (e.g., along a radial axis), and / or axially (e.g., about or around a longitudinal axis) within a peripheral region of a body lumen while simultaneously maintaining a leak-proof seal for flushing fluids through the lumen of the radial ultrasound probe. In many embodiments, one or more components shown in or described with respect to Figures 2A-2C may be identical or similar in structure, function, and / or appearance to one or more other components disclosed herein.The embodiments are not limited in this context, and one or more aspects and / or components may be incorporated into other embodiments disclosed herein without departing from the scope of the disclosure.

[0021] 2A, the probe 102 may include an imaging window 222, a side port 220, a marker 224, and the handle assembly 104 may include an actuation member 112. In addition, the lumens 218-1, 218-2 (or lumens 218) may extend approximately between a distal end 245 of the probe 102 and a proximal end 255 of the handle assembly 104. More specifically, the first lumen 218-1 may include a distal opening at the side port 220, and the second lumen 218-2 may include a distal opening in or at the distal end 245. In some embodiments, one or more of the lumens 218 may be capped or sealed at the distal end. For example, the lumen 218-2 may be capped by a balloon at the distal end 245. In various embodiments, the therapeutic tool 116-1 may be disposed in the first lumen 218-1 and the diagnostic tool 116-2 may be disposed in the second lumen 218-2. In one or more embodiments, the diagnostic tool 116-2 may include an imaging transducer, such as a high frequency linear and / or radial ultrasound transducer. In one or more such embodiments, the therapeutic tool 116-1 may include an ablation tool, such as one or more of a laser, a laser accessory, a laser fiber, a laser fiber accessory, a ball-tipped laser fiber, and a blunt-tipped radio frequency ablation tool. In some embodiments, the ball-tipped laser fiber and / or the blunt-tipped RF ablation tool may be used to inhibit damage to / from the lumen (e.g., the lumen 116-1 and / or the body lumen 990).

[0022] In the illustrated embodiment, the probe 102 includes an imaging window 222 and a marker 224. In many embodiments, the imaging window 222 may refer to one or more portions of the probe 102 that are substantially transparent to the imaging energy wavelengths, and the marker 224 may refer to one or more portions of the probe that are relatively opaque to the imaging energy wavelengths. The marker 244 may include any medium that absorbs the imaging energy wavelengths (e.g., ultrasound). For example, a metal or metal alloy (e.g., stainless steel or nitinol) may be used. In some embodiments, a non-metal may be used, such as an air pocket embedded in the wall of the imaging window. In various embodiments, the marker 244 may additionally or alternatively be radiopaque so as to appear in x-ray and / or fluoroscopic imaging.

[0023] In such embodiments, the marker 244 may be positioned to indicate in the generated image where the treatment tool 116-1 would be located if the actuating member 112 is moved distally along the axial displacement 226-2 to cause the axial displacement 226-1 of the tool 116-1 resulting in the tool 116-1 extending from the side port 220. To position the probe 102 based on the generated image, the handle assembly 104 may be rotated along the axial rotation 228-1 to rotate the probe 102 along the axial rotation 228-2. For example, the handle assembly 104 may be rotated to align the side port 220 with the target nodule based on an indication of the marker 224 in the generated image. In some such examples, once aligned, the actuating member 112 may be moved distally to position the distal end of the treatment tool 116-1 proximate or in contact with the target treatment site. In various embodiments, the markers may be embedded in a wall of a lumen, such as the wall of second lumen 218-2. As will be appreciated, rotation of the device (e.g., radial markers and treatment device orientation) may allow for more efficient ablation of tissue and / or eccentric nodes, for example, when ablating target tissue that has irregular margins, is asymmetrically shaped, does not extend the entire circumference of a body lumen, etc., where control or orientation and position of the treatment device may be more critical.

[0024] As an example, the marker 224 may be oriented around the imaging window at a known angle from the side port 220. In such a case, for example, when targeting a treatment site for treatment, the marker 224 may be oriented on the radial ultrasound image at a known angle from the intended treatment site, so that a treatment tool exiting the side port 220 can be precisely aligned with the treatment site without blocking the view of the treatment site in the image. In a further such example, the marker 224 may be oriented 180 degrees from the intended treatment site on the radial ultrasound image. In many embodiments, the known angle from the intended treatment site may be configured such that a tolerance may be provided. For example, the marker 224 may be oriented 180±35 degrees from the intended treatment site on the radial ultrasound image 180.

[0025] 2B, the handle assembly 104 may have a distal end 245 and a proximal end 255 and may include a handle body 243 and a flush port 114. In many embodiments, the flush port 114 may have one or more of a distal axial rotation 230, a proximal axial rotation 232, and a proximal / distal displacement 234. In some embodiments, the flush port 114 may rotate approximately 270 degrees without contacting the plunger assembly and / or the handle body. In many embodiments, the rotation of the flush port 114 may allow the flush port 114 to be positioned such that the proximal drive cable does not interfere with use and contributes to ease of one-handed control. In various embodiments, if no interfering structures are present, the flush port 114 may rotate 360 ​​degrees.

[0026] With reference to FIG. 2C, the diagnostic tool 116-2 may extend from the hub assembly 106 through the flush port 114 to the distal end 245 of the probe 102. In various embodiments, the axial rotation 236-2 via the hub assembly 106 may cause an axial rotation 236-1 in the probe 102. In various such embodiments, the axial rotation 236-1 may allow the tool 116-2 to generate a 360 degree image and / or allow the tool 116-2 to be rotationally oriented as desired to align the side port 220 and the tool 116-1 with the intended target site. As described in more detail below, such as with respect to FIG. 9, the hub assembly 106 may be connected to an imaging controller that may rotate the tool 116-2 via the hub assembly 106. The tool port 227 may facilitate insertion of the therapeutic tool 116-1 into the proximal end of the handle assembly 104. In one or more embodiments, the tool port 227 may be at a right angle to the flush port 114. In various embodiments, the tool port 227 may form a slidable seal with the exterior of the treatment tool 116-1.

[0027] 3A-3H illustrate various aspects of an exemplary probe 302 for a dual function device according to one or more embodiments disclosed herein. More specifically, FIG. 3A illustrates a perspective view of the probe 302, and FIG. 3B illustrates a cross-sectional view of the probe 302. FIG. 3C illustrates the collar 342 along with the distal junction 346 of the probe 302. FIG. 3D illustrates the collar 342 and the distal junction 346 along with the marker 344 and the tubular member 354. FIG. 3E illustrates the end cap 340 of the probe 302. FIG. 3F illustrates a front perspective view of the probe 302. FIG. 3G illustrates the braid 360 utilized in the dual lumen catheter 308. FIG. 3H illustrates an exemplary image 362 generated by the probe 302 (see, e.g., FIG. 9). In embodiments disclosed herein, the components of the probe 302 can facilitate specific tissues being targeted in a reliable, intuitive, unique and advantageous manner. For example, an embodiment may include an end cap 340 disposed at the distal end of the dual lumen catheter 308. Additionally, the end cap 340 may be aligned with each lumen of the catheter 308, allowing the ultrasound transducer 316-2 to utilize the imaging window 322 and markers 344 as the treatment device 316-1 exits the side port 320. In many embodiments, the markers 344 may provide an indication and / or projection of the position of the treatment device 316-1 as it exits the side port 320. This may provide techniques to improve the efficiency, accuracy, and / or reliability with which treatments such as ablation may be performed, among other features. For example, real-time images with the markers 344 may allow a user to determine the location and angle at which an ablation tool will radially exit the side port and / or the location and angle at which tissue will be ablated prior to activation. Additionally, the effectiveness of the treatment tool may be verified in real time using a diagnostic device. As described in more detail below, such as with respect to FIG. 9, in many embodiments, the controller may automate one or more processes by implementing one or more control loops for the therapeutic device based on data from the diagnostic device.The embodiments are not limited in this context, and one or more aspects and / or components may be incorporated into other embodiments disclosed herein without departing from the scope of the disclosure.

[0028] 3A, the probe 302 may include an end cap 340 coupled to the dual lumen catheter 308 (e.g., via overmolding and / or reflow bonding), an ablation tool 316-1 extending from a side port 320, an imaging window 322, a marker 344, a collar 342, and an imaging transducer 316-2. As shown in the cross-sectional view of FIG. 3B, the probe 302 may include an ablation tool 316-1 having a first lumen 318-1 and a second lumen 318-2, a stylet 352 extending therethrough, an imaging transducer 316-2 having a distal cable 356, a side port 320 with a beveled portion 348, an imaging window 322, a collar 342, a marker 344, a distal joint 346, and a strain relief 350.

[0029] Referring to FIG. 3C, the distal junction 346 may include a portion of the first and second lumens 318. The distal junction 346 may include a side port 320 and a beveled portion 348. In various embodiments, the angle of the beveled portion 348 may be between 0 and 90 degrees relative to the proximal longitudinal axis. In many embodiments, a larger angle may improve targeting of nodes (e.g., eccentric lesions) but may make actuation of the ablation tool more difficult. For example, the larger the angle of the beveled portion 348, the greater the longitudinal force required to extend the ablation tool up the beveled portion 348 and out of the side port 320 to actuate the ablation tool. Additionally, a larger angle may require the ablation tool to extend further out of the side port 320 to enter the field of view of the imaging transducer 316-2, limiting applicability to body lumens having larger diameters. Conversely, a smaller angle may require the probe 302 to be positioned closer to the target nodule, making it difficult to ablate the target tissue. Thus, the bevel angle may be selected based on a particular application. In one or more embodiments, the bevel angle may be greater than or equal to 3 degrees and less than or equal to 20 degrees. For example, the angle of the bevel 348 may be 15 degrees. The distal joint 346 and / or the collar 342 may comprise a metal or metal alloy (e.g., nickel-titanium). In some embodiments, the collar 342 is laser cut. In many embodiments, the collar 342 may provide one or more of stiffness, containment, structure, and flexibility. As shown in FIG. 3D, the tubular member 354 may extend within the collar 342. In various embodiments, the tubular member 354 may comprise a portion of a dual lumen catheter. The marker 344 is also shown in FIG. 3D. The marker 344 may comprise any medium that absorbs the imaging energy wavelength (e.g., ultrasound). For example, a metal or metal alloy (e.g., stainless steel or nitinol) may be used. In some embodiments, a non-metal, such as air, may be used. For example, the marker 344 may include a pocket or bubbles of air extruded into the wall of the imaging window.In many embodiments, the angle of the ramp 348 can reduce interference between the therapeutic device and the diagnostic device.

[0030] 3E, the end cap 340 may receive the components shown in FIG. 3D. The marker 344 may be located in a marker pocket 357, and the side port 320 may be aligned with the port window 359. In some embodiments, the marker pocket 357 may include a pocket of air in the wall of the end cap 340. Additionally, the end cap 340 includes an imaging window 322 and a strain relief 350. In one or more embodiments, the imaging window 322 may be the same or similar material as the rest of the end cap 340. In various embodiments, the strain relief 350 may limit bending caused by the marker 344 and / or the distal joint 346. In various embodiments, a gap between the end cap 340 and the layers of braid 360 and reflow 361 is left to allow for greater flexibility.

[0031] As shown in FIG. 3F, the dual lumen catheter 308 may include a tubular member 354 having two lumens, a layer of braid 360, and a layer of reflow 361 covering the braid 360. As shown in FIG. 3G, the braid 360 may have an overlapping, woven, two wires per band, two over / two under, and / or crisscross pattern. Other patterns, weaves, materials, etc. may be considered based on the particular application of the dual function device. In various embodiments, the number of crossovers per inch of the braid 360 may be between 25 and 140. In some embodiments, different braid strands may be at 60 to 120 degrees, e.g., 90 degrees, from each other. In many embodiments, the pattern of the braid 360 may be selected for a combination of flexibility and strength. In various embodiments, the braid 360 may be woven stainless steel or nitinol. In some embodiments, the braid 360 may provide torsional strength to the dual lumen catheter. In some such embodiments, the torsional strength provided by the braid 360 may allow rotation of the handle to be translated into rotation of the distal end. In many embodiments, rotation of the handle may result in rotation of the distal end (e.g., probe) at a known ratio. For example, rotation of the handle may result in a 1:1, or substantially 1:1, rotation of the distal end. Additionally, the ability to rotate the handle to cause rotation at the distal end may facilitate targeting of nodes, such as eccentric nodes, based on real-time images with marker indications. In many embodiments, the end cap 340 may be coupled to the dual lumen catheter 308 via a reflow and / or overmolding process. In many embodiments, the dual lumen catheter 308 may additionally or alternatively include a braided layer, such as the braid 360. In some embodiments, the braid 360 may utilize up to 356 distinct strands. For example, some embodiments may utilize 64 distinct strands.

[0032] FIG. 3H illustrates an exemplary image 362 generated by the probe 302 (see, e.g., FIG. 9). The image 362 may include the marker 344, the ablation tool 316-1, and the nodule 364. As illustrated in FIG. 3H, the marker 344 may provide an indication and / or projection of the position of the ablation tool 316-1 as it exits the side port 320 in the generated image (e.g., an ultrasound image). This may provide a technique for improving the efficiency, accuracy, and / or reliability with which the treatment site is ablated, among other features. In the illustrated embodiment, the ablation tool 316-1 is elongated to illustrate the indication that may be provided on the image relative to the marker 344.

[0033] In various embodiments, the marker 344 may be oriented around the imaging window at a known angle from the side port 320. In such a case, for example, when targeting a nodule 364 (e.g., an eccentric or concentric tissue nodule) for ablation, the marker 344 may be oriented on the image 362 (e.g., a radial ultrasound image) at a known angle from the intended treatment site such that the ablation tool exiting the side port 320 is precisely aligned with the biopsy site. For example, in the embodiment shown, the marker 344 may be oriented on the image 362 at 180±35 degrees from the intended treatment site (i.e., the nodule 364).

[0034] 4A-4C illustrate an exemplary handle assembly 404 for a dual function device according to one or more embodiments disclosed herein. More specifically, FIG. 4A illustrates a side view of the handle assembly 404, FIG. 4B illustrates a bottom view of the handle assembly 404, and FIG. 4C illustrates a top view of the handle assembly 404. In embodiments disclosed herein, the components of the handle assembly 404 may facilitate intuitive, ergonomic, and / or single-handed operation to target specific tissues in a reliable, intuitive, unique, and advantageous manner. For example, the handle assembly 404 may include one or more ergonomic contours, gripping ribs, ergonomic reliefs, component placements and / or configurations to provide convenient, comfortable, precise, and fatigue-minimizing operation. For example, the tool lock 410 may provide bilateral access for ambidextrous operation and / or single-handed use (e.g., the tool lock 410 is accessible by the thumb while rotating the handle). In another example, gripping ridge 444 and gripping ribs 446, 447 may provide a non-slip surface on actuation member 412. In many embodiments, one or more components shown in or described with respect to Figures 4A-4C may be identical or similar in structure, function, and / or appearance to one or more other components disclosed herein. The embodiments are not limited in this context, and one or more aspects and / or components may be incorporated into other embodiments disclosed herein without departing from the scope of the disclosure.

[0035] With reference to FIG. 4A, the handle assembly 404 may have a distal end 445 and a proximal end 455 and may include a handle body 443, an actuation stop 442, an actuation member 412 having gripping ribs 446 and gripping ridges 444, a tool lock 410, an ergonomic relief 448, strain reliefs 450-1, 450-2, a plunger assembly 440, and a flush port assembly 452. With reference to FIG. 4B, the handle assembly 404 may include one or more ergonomic contours 454-1, 454-2, 454-3, 454-4, a tool lock 410, and a gripping rib 447. With reference to FIG. 4C, the handle assembly 404 may include a displacement gauge 457, a luer lock 458, and a cap 460. In some embodiments, the cap 460 may be a stylet cap and / or the luer lock 458 may be a syringe connector. In various embodiments, one or more of the ergonomic contour 454, gripping ribs 446, 447, ergonomic relief 448, and / or gripping ridges 444 may be symmetrical, complementary, and / or mirror images. Additionally, one or more surfaces may include textures and / or coatings to promote or inhibit friction. In one or more embodiments, the tool port 427 can receive a distal end of a treatment tool. In some embodiments, the cap 460 can lock and / or seal the treatment tool in the tool port 427.

[0036] Various handle assembly embodiments disclosed herein may include one or more of a modular assembly, a bifurcated junction, a linear ablation tool orientation, a manual slider (e.g., actuation member 112), a therapeutic tool lock (e.g., tool lock 110), an integrated flush port (e.g., flush port assembly 452), a syringe attachment, and a dual strain relief (e.g., strain reliefs 450-1, 450-2). A dual function device may include two independent modules, an ablation tool module and an ultrasound module. These two modules may be assembled separately and joined together within the handle body 443. In various embodiments, one or more of the modules may be interchangeable. For example, the ablation module may be replaced with a module having a different tool, such as another diagnostic and / or therapeutic medical tool. The ablation line and the ultrasound line may converge inside a bifurcated junction (e.g., bifurcated junction 664) before being fed into the dual lumen catheter. The bifurcated junction may determine the bend radius of the ultrasound line. The ablation module (e.g., plunger assembly 640) may be axially aligned with a lumen (e.g., lumen 218-1), such as to reduce the force required to actuate the ablation tool. In other words, the ablation module may extend linearly into the first lumen of the dual lumen catheter.

[0037] In various embodiments, one or more features of the dual function device may provide tactile registration. In some embodiments, an extended handle profile and short transition curve may provide a more comfortable and substantial grip position and / or accommodate a wider range of hand sizes. For example, the handle assembly 404 may accommodate adult hand sizes ranging from the 5th percentile of female hands to the 95th percentile of male hands. The displacement gauge 457 (e.g., corresponding to the graduated displacement distance of the ablation tool exiting the ramp and side port) may be easily readable from various viewing angles, such as by being partially wrapped around the plunger. In some embodiments, the soft-touch finish of the actuation member 412 may create a contrasting feel to the handle body 443 and / or match the distal handle finish. Some components may include a rubberized texture overmold and / or color accents, such as on the actuation member grip ridges 444. In some embodiments, this and other features may provide improved thumb grip and / or visual movement indication. The handle body may have a smooth / semi-gloss finish in some embodiments. Various embodiments may include a horizontal groove texture on the tool lock 410 for ergonomic detail and / or precision feel, etc. Some embodiments include a textured finish around the perimeter of the tool lock 410 to create tactile contrast, for intuitive use, etc. The actuation stop 442 (or handle) and / or grip ridge 444 may provide 360 ​​degrees of tactile registration. In some embodiments, the actuation stop 442 and / or grip ridge 444 may provide boundaries for hand position and / or hand protection during actuation. Additionally, the actuation stop 442 and / or grip ridge 444 may provide a non-visual indicator of hand position. Various embodiments may include a soft-touch finish and / or a slightly rubberized texture on the distal portion of the handle body 443.

[0038] Some embodiments may include a solid color band that wraps around the handle body to indicate that the ultrasound zone is exposed when the actuation member 412 is moved distally. In some such embodiments, the band may include slight texture variations and / or closely spaced ultrasound icons. In one or more embodiments, an additional part break line on the strain relief connection may allow for individual rotation.

[0039] 5A-5E illustrate various aspects of an exemplary handle assembly 504 for a dual function device according to one or more embodiments disclosed herein. More specifically, FIG. 5A illustrates the handle assembly 504 in a non-actuated configuration 500A, and FIG. 5B illustrates the handle assembly 504 in an actuated configuration 500B. In various embodiments, the actuating member 512 can be moved distally to move a tool, such as an ablation tool, out of a side port of the probe as indicated in the image by a marker. FIGS. 5C-5E illustrate operation of the tool lock 510 of the handle assembly 504. In embodiments disclosed herein, the components of the handle assembly 504 can facilitate intuitive, ergonomic, and / or single-handed operation to target specific tissues in a reliable, intuitive, unique, and advantageous manner. For example, the handle assembly 504 can utilize intuitive movements for gripping, locking, unlocking, and actuating to provide convenient, comfortable, precise, and fatigue-minimizing operation. 5A-5E may be identical or similar in structure, function, and / or appearance to one or more other components disclosed herein. The embodiments are not limited in this context, and one or more aspects and / or components may be incorporated into other embodiments disclosed herein without departing from the scope of the disclosure.

[0040] With reference to FIG. 5A, the handle assembly 504 is in a non-actuated configuration 500A when the distal end of the actuation member 512 is disposed proximal to the tool lock 510. In the non-actuated configuration 500A, the tool lock can be engaged or disengaged. An unlocking action 562-1 can be used to center the tool lock 510 so that the actuation member can move distally past both sides of the tool lock 510 with an actuation action 562-2 to place the handle assembly 504 in the actuated configuration 500B (see, e.g., FIG. 5B). Tool lock placement is described in more detail below with reference to section line 565. In many embodiments, the tool lock 510 may provide a visual indicator of the locked state of the plunger assembly. An ultrasonic flush port valve (e.g., flush port assembly) may be integrated into the handle assembly and / or handle body design. In some embodiments, the flush port is located and / or positionable away from the user's grip zone. In various embodiments, the dual function device may utilize a syringe (e.g., for ultrasonic flushing). In many embodiments, the syringe may be attached to the dual function device using a stopcock, luer lock fitting, and / or a check valve. For example, a check valve may be disposed between the flush port and the syringe connector (e.g., luer lock). The handle assembly may include strain reliefs integrated into both the distal and proximal ends of the handle body (see, e.g., strain reliefs 450-1, 450-2). In some embodiments, the distal strain relief (e.g., strain relief 450-1) may be utilized as additional grip space.

[0041] 5C-5E, the handle assembly 504 may have positions 500C, 500D, 500E in addition to the non-actuated configuration 500A and the actuated configuration 500B. In position 500C, the tool lock 510 may be in a first locked position in which the actuating member 512 is prevented from moving distally (out of the page). Similarly, in position 500D, the tool lock 510 may be in a second locked position in which the actuating member 512 is prevented from moving distally (out of the page). In position 500E, the tool lock 510 may be in an unlocked position in which the actuating member 512 is not prevented from moving distally (out of the page). This configuration may allow actuation of the tool lock 510 from either side of the handle depending on which side is more accessible to the user's fingers. Additionally, it will be appreciated that because the distal direction is out of the page in FIGS. 5C-5E, the flush port would be visible but is not shown for simplicity.

[0042] 6A and 6B show various internal components of an exemplary handle assembly 604 for a dual function device according to one or more embodiments disclosed herein. More specifically, FIG. 6A shows a first cross-sectional view of the handle assembly 604 having a distal end 645 and a proximal end 655, and FIG. 6B shows a second cross-sectional view of the handle assembly 604. In the embodiment shown, the handle assembly 604 includes a handle body 659 that includes and / or is coupled to a bifurcated joint 664, a tool lock 610, an actuation member 612, a plunger assembly 640, a flush port assembly 652, and a noise compensator 670. In embodiments disclosed herein, the components of the handle assembly 604 may facilitate intuitive, ergonomic, and / or single-handed operation to target specific tissues in a reliable, intuitive, unique, and advantageous manner. For example, the handle assembly 504 may utilize intuitive movements for gripping, locking, unlocking, and actuation to provide convenient, comfortable, precise, and fatigue-minimizing operation. In various embodiments, the noise compensator 670 may function to reduce electrical noise in the distal drive cable and / or the proximal drive cable. For example, the noise compensator 670 may be an electronic choke, such as a passive electrical component that suppresses high frequency noise in an electronic circuit. In some embodiments, one or more of the noise compensators 670 may utilize ferrites, such as ferrite ceramics. In many embodiments, one or more components shown in or described with respect to FIGS. 6A and 6B may be the same or similar in structure, function, and / or appearance as one or more other components disclosed herein. The embodiments are not limited in this context, and one or more aspects and / or components may be incorporated into other embodiments disclosed herein without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

[0043] 7A-7D illustrate various aspects of an exemplary bifurcated joint 764 for a dual function device 700 according to one or more embodiments disclosed herein. More specifically, FIG. 7A illustrates a cross-sectional view of the bifurcated joint 764 along with the handle body 743. FIG. 7B illustrates the bifurcated joint 764. FIGS. 7C and 7D illustrate cross-sectional views of the bifurcated joint 764. In various embodiments, the bifurcated joint 764 can connect the ablation tool 716-1 to a first lumen of the dual lumen catheter 708 and connect the conduit 744 carrying a portion of the distal drive cable 756 to a second lumen of the dual lumen catheter 708. In many embodiments, the bifurcated joint 764 can inhibit fluid leakage within the handle body 743 when fluid is passed through the dual lumen catheter. In embodiments disclosed herein, the components of the bifurcated joint 764 can facilitate convenient, reliable, efficient, leak-proof operation in a unique and advantageous manner. For example, the bifurcation joint 764 can reduce or minimize bending of the conduit 744 to limit bending of the drive cable (e.g., an ultrasonic drive cable). In another example, the bifurcation joint 764 includes a tool support 742 to constrain bending, such as when the ablation tool 716-1 is pushed distally by the plunger assembly. In many embodiments, one or more components shown in or described with respect to FIGS. 7A-7D may be the same or similar in structure, function, and / or appearance as one or more other components disclosed herein. The embodiments are not limited in this context, and one or more aspects and / or components may be incorporated into other embodiments disclosed herein without departing from the scope of the disclosure.

[0044] With reference to FIG. 7A, the bifurcation joint 764 may be disposed in the handle body 743 and may include the tool support 742. More generally, the bifurcation joint 764 may be a component of a dual function device that directs the first and diagnostic tools into the first and second lumens of the dual lumen catheter. In many embodiments, the bifurcation joint 764 may align the first and diagnostic tools for insertion into the dual lumen catheter 708 while limiting the amount of bending required. For example, the bifurcation joint 764 may restrain either tool from bending more than 20 degrees. In another example, the bifurcation joint 764 may limit the bend of the drive cable for the dual function device to less than 15 degrees. In many embodiments, the minimum radius of curvature of the drive cable may be 3 inches.

[0045] The dual function device 700 may also include a strain relief 750-1. The strain relief 750-1, or one or more other strain reliefs disclosed herein, may limit bending (e.g., bending more than 25 degrees) of the dual lumen catheter 708 or other portions along the length of the tool lumen (e.g., conduit 744). In some embodiments, the conduit 744 may comprise a polymer tubing, such as PEEK or nylon tubing. In some embodiments, the bifurcation joint 764 supports parallel alignment of the plunger assembly and the flush port assembly in the handle assembly, providing an ergonomic and intuitive feel.

[0046] 7B, the dual lumen catheter 708 may connect to the bifurcated joint 764 at the catheter support 748, the conduit 744 may connect to the bifurcated joint 764 at the conduit support 746, and the ablation tool 716-1 may connect to the tool support 742. In many embodiments, the tool support 742 may restrain the ablation tool from kinking, paperclipping, bending, and / or breaking. The bifurcated joint 764 may also include mounts 754-1, 754-2, 754-3 (or mounts 754) and / or recesses 753-1, 753-2 (or recesses 753) on either side. In many embodiments, the mounts 754 may be used to attach the bifurcated joint 764 to the handle body 743. As previously discussed, in one or more embodiments, the handle body 743 may connect one or more components of the dual function device, such as by serving as one or more of an attachment point, housing, structure, or the like. Additionally or alternatively, the branch joint 764 may include one or more viewing windows 752-1, 752-2 (or viewing window 752). In various embodiments, the viewing window 752 may allow visual inspection of the contents of the lumen as it passes through the branch joint.

[0047] FIG. 7C includes a cross-sectional view of the bifurcation joint 764. As shown in FIG. 7C, the layers of braid 360 and tubular member (not numbered) begin proximal to the recess 752, and the layers of reflow 361 on the dual lumen catheter begin distal to the bifurcation joint 764. Additionally or alternatively, the conduit 744 terminates between the view window 752 and the conduit support 746. The tool support 742 terminates proximate to the end of the conduit 744. In some embodiments, just distal to the tool support 742, the first lumen of the bifurcation joint includes a junction taper 762-1. In various embodiments, just distal to the conduit 744, the second lumen of the bifurcation joint includes a junction taper 762-2. In some embodiments, the junction taper 762 facilitates one or more of retaining the connected conduit / tool ​​support, limiting bend radius, and improving fluid flow (such as inhibiting leakage or reducing turbulence). In the dual function device 700, the ablation tool 716-1 may pass through a first lumen of the branch joint 764 and the distal drive cable 756 may pass through a second lumen of the branch joint 764. FIG. 7D shows the handle body 743 with the strain relief 750-1 removed leaving the strain relief pocket 751.

[0048] 8A-8J illustrate various aspects of an exemplary flush port assembly 852 for a dual function device according to one or more embodiments disclosed herein. More specifically, FIG. 8A illustrates a cross-sectional view of the flush port assembly 852. FIGS. 8B and 8C illustrate axial displacement of the flush port assembly 852 in the distal and proximal directions, respectively. FIG. 8D illustrates axial rotation of the flush port assembly 852. FIG. 8E illustrates various aspects of the flush port assembly 852. FIG. 8F illustrates various components of the flush port assembly 852. FIG. 8G illustrates the flow path 861 from the flush port 814 to the conduit 844. FIGS. 8H and 81 illustrate various aspects of the flush port assembly 852 including the stabilizer 823 and the bearing 868-2. FIG. 8J illustrates an impedance compensator 843 disposed between the distal drive cable 856 and the proximal drive cable. In the embodiments disclosed herein, the components of the flush port assembly 852 may facilitate convenient, reliable, efficient, leak-proof operation in a unique and advantageous manner. For example, the flush port assembly 852 may rotate independently of the proximal and distal drive cables 856, 858 while maintaining a seal with the conduit 844 that facilitates the introduction of fluid into the conduit 844 around the distal drive cable 856. In another example, the impedance compensator 843 matches the impedance between the distal drive cable 856 and the proximal drive cable 858. In many embodiments, one or more components shown in or described with respect to FIGS. 8A-8J may be the same or similar in structure, function, and / or appearance as one or more other components disclosed herein. The embodiments are not limited in this context, and one or more aspects and / or components may be incorporated into other embodiments disclosed herein without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

[0049] 8A, flush port assembly 852 may include bearings 868-1, 868-2, seal 869, slide mount 823, proximal surface feature 880, strain relief 850-2, lip seal 866, port member 872, flush port 814, port interface 882, flow junction 876, flow chamber 874 with taper 825, distal surface feature 878, a proximal portion of conduit 844, a portion of distal drive cable 856, and a portion of proximal drive cable 858. One or more components disclosed herein (e.g., port interface 882) may be formed via molding, extrusion, and / or machining procedures (e.g., overmolding, injection molding, vacuum forming, cold extrusion, lathing, etc.).

[0050] As previously mentioned, the flush port assembly 852 may be adjustable in the proximal and distal directions. Thus, FIG. 8B shows the port assembly 852 including the slide mount 823, the conduit 844, and the port member 872 in a distal-most position, and FIG. 8C shows the port assembly 852 including the slide mount 823, the conduit 844, and the port member 872 in a proximal-most position. In many embodiments, the conduit 844 may be supported by a slide in the port member 872 as it is moved proximally and distally relative to the longitudinal axis of the device. The slide mount 823 may be coupled to a peg or attachment point on the handle body. In various embodiments, adjustment along the slide mount 823 may be utilized to calibrate the position of the imaging transducer relative to the imaging window, such as during manufacturing. In some embodiments, an end user may be able to adjust along the slide mount 823.

[0051] 8D-8E, in one embodiment, a flush port assembly 852 of the present disclosure may include a housing 810 defining a flow chamber 874. An ultrasound port 812 (e.g., a first port) may be formed in or otherwise extend through a proximal portion of the housing 810. In various embodiments, the ultrasound port 812 may be coextensive with (e.g., substantially aligned with, etc.) the flow chamber 874. A flush port 814 (e.g., a second port) defining a fluid channel 115 therethrough may be disposed along (e.g., attached, integrally formed, etc.) a middle portion of the housing 810. A fitting 816 may be disposed about a distal portion of the housing 810. In various embodiments, the housing 810 may be configured to rotate 360 ​​degrees (e.g., move axially) within the fitting 816 to change the position (e.g., move proximally or distally) of the flush port 814 relative to the longitudinal axis of the flush port assembly 852 and / or to rotate (e.g., change its axial position) a radial ultrasound probe extending through the housing 810 (described below). An outer surface of a distal portion of the housing may include a distal surface feature 818 configured to frictionally engage a corresponding inner surface of the fitting 816. As a non-limiting example, the surface feature may include a rubber seal or O-ring configured to maintain or lock the axial position of the housing 810 relative to the fitting 816 until a threshold level of rotational force (e.g., a sufficient amount of force applied by the physician's hand) is applied to the housing 810. In various embodiments, the outer surface of the housing 810 and / or the flush port 814 may include a non-slip surface (e.g., overmolded or coated with rubber or the like) to provide the physician with sufficient grip for manipulating the housing 810, such as when wearing wet gloves.A slide mount 823 (e.g., an arm or protrusion) extends from the outer surface of the fixture 816 and can anchor or lock the housing of the probe assembly within a handle body (e.g., handle body 743) of a dual function device having radial ultrasound and ablation capabilities.

[0052] In one embodiment, the first seal 869 (e.g., an O-ring, etc.) may be disposed within a distal portion of the flow chamber 874 (e.g., proximal to a distal opening of the housing 810) and the second seal 124 may be disposed within a proximal portion of the flow chamber 874 (e.g., distal to a proximal opening of the housing 810). The first and second seals 869, 880-1 may be configured to inhibit fluid directed (e.g., flushed) through the fluid channel 815 of the flush port 814 from exiting the flow chamber 874 (e.g., flowing / leaking distally past the first seal 869 or proximally past the second seal 124). The bearing 126 may be disposed within a proximal portion of the flow chamber 874 proximal to the second seal 124. In various embodiments, the housing 810 and the ultrasound port 812 may be configured to receive a proximal portion of a tool (e.g., a radial ultrasound probe) therethrough. The bearing 126 may be configured to receive an outer surface of the radial ultrasonic probe 130 to support / facilitate rotation of the radial ultrasonic probe within the housing 810.

[0053] 8F and 8G show various components of the flush port assembly 852, such as those associated with fluid flow. The flush port assembly 852 of FIG. 8F includes a conduit 844, a port member 872, a proximal surface feature 880, a bearing 868-2, a stabilizer 823, a lip seal 866, a flow port 857, a flow channel 859, a flow chamber 874, a distal drive cable 856, and a conduit 844. FIG. 8G shows a flow path 861 for fluid introduced through the flush port 814. Thus, the flow path 861 can enter through the flush port 814, fill the flow chamber 874, follow the flow channel 859 of the port member 842, enter the flow port 857 of the port member 872, and proceed into the conduit 844 around the distal drive cable 856. In various embodiments, the lumens and / or flow components disclosed herein may be designed to handle at least 43 pounds per square inch (approximately 296,475 Pascals). Such pressure ratings may vary depending on design and / or performance requirements.

[0054] FIG. 8H shows stabilizer 823, lip seal 866, and bearing 868-2, and FIG. 81 shows stabilizer 823 and bearing 868-2. In various embodiments, stabilizer 823 can extend through one or more of bearing 868-2 and lip seal 866. The drive cable can extend through stabilizer 823. In many embodiments, the stabilizer can inhibit loss of stability during rotation of the drive cable.

[0055] 8J, proximal to the stabilizer 823, an impedance compensator 843 may connect the distal drive cable 856 and the proximal drive cable 858. In some embodiments, the proximal and distal drive cables along with the imaging transducer may rotate up to 2000 revolutions per minute (rpm) or more. For example, the imaging transducer (and drive cables) may rotate at 1800 rpm. In various embodiments, the impedance compensator 843 may accommodate diameter changes between the distal drive cable 856 and the proximal drive cable 858. In many embodiments, the impedance compensator rotates with the distal and proximal drive cables 856, 858. In one or more embodiments, the impedance compensator 843 comprises a printed circuit board (PCB). In many embodiments, the lumen of the distal drive cable 856 is uniformly sized to reduce kinking or wrapping of the distal drive cable. In some embodiments, the diameter change between the proximal and distal drive cables reduces signal degradation. For example, if the proximal drive cable were as small as the distal drive cable, an unacceptable level of signal degradation could occur. In some embodiments, by having the proximal drive cable 856 have a larger diameter than the distal drive cable 858, reduced electromagnetic emissions (e.g., noise) can be achieved, such as through lower signal voltages. In some embodiments, one or more of the stabilizer 823 and the impedance compensator 843 may be filled with epoxy, such as to inhibit fluid from leaking around the distal drive cable 856 and through the stabilizer 823 into the impedance compensator 843.

[0056] 9 illustrates various internal components of an exemplary imaging controller 990 of a dual function device 900 according to one or more embodiments disclosed herein. The controller 990 may include logic circuitry 992, memory 994, input / output (I / O) 996, and a user interface 998. As previously described, the imaging controller 990 may be coupled to the imaging transducer 916-2 via a proximal drive cable 958 connected between the hub assembly 906 and the impedance compensator 943, and a distal drive cable 956 connected between the impedance compensator 943 and the imaging transducer 916-2. In embodiments disclosed herein, the components of the imaging controller 990 may facilitate intuitive, accessible, dynamic monitoring and control of the imaging transducer 916-2 in a reliable, valuable, unique, and advantageous manner. For example, the imaging controller 990 can control one or more of the calibration, frequency, resolution, conversion, interpretation, integration, analysis, and / or display of images generated by one or more dual function devices disclosed herein. In one or more embodiments, the controller 990 can utilize one or more of historical data, contextual data, user input data, and sensor data to control aspects of the dual function device. For example, the historical data may include sensor and / or imaging data from previous procedures. In some such embodiments, the historical data may be annotated based on user input. In many embodiments, one or more components shown in or described with respect to FIG. 9 may be the same or similar in structure, function, and / or appearance as one or more other components disclosed herein. The embodiments are not limited in this context, and one or more aspects and / or components may be incorporated into other embodiments disclosed herein without departing from the scope of the present disclosure, and one or more aspects and / or components may be incorporated into other embodiments disclosed herein without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

[0057] In various embodiments, the proximal and distal drive cables 958, 956 may comprise multiple conductors. In some embodiments, the drive cables may be coaxial cables. In various embodiments, the drive cables may provide one or more of power, torque, and communication between the imaging transducer and the imaging controller. In many embodiments, the I / O 996 may comprise an electromagnetic wave generator (or wave generator). The wave generator may control one or more characteristics of the signal including power, waveform, and frequency modulation. For example, the wave generator may generate ultrasound frequencies for diagnostic tools and radio frequencies for therapeutic tools. In some embodiments, the wave generator may generate frequencies ranging from very low frequency (VLF) to infrared. In some embodiments, the controller 990 may optimize the frequency based on user settings for target penetration depth, etc.

[0058] In many embodiments, the frequency of the imaging transducer may be 30 Hz or greater. More generally, lower frequencies may allow greater penetration depth into tissue, but at the expense of spatial resolution. In many ablation applications, due to the target penetration depth of only a few millimeters, higher frequencies, such as greater than 30 Hz, may be utilized. Furthermore, higher frequencies allow higher resolution of the transmucosal layer, allowing ablation of tissue to be confirmed. In some embodiments, the controller 990 may analyze the transmucosal layer to determine ablation depth (see, e.g., FIG. 10).

[0059] In some embodiments, the I / O 996 may include a network interface. In some such embodiments, the controller may utilize the network interface to communicate with disparate sources and / or consumers over one or more networks, such as the Internet (see FIG. 12). For example, the controller 990 may receive updates over the Internet. In another example, the controller 990 may enable remote viewing and / or operation of the dual function device. In yet another example, the controller 990 may communicate with one or more application programming interfaces (APIs) over the network interface. In yet another example, the controller 990 may communicate data over the network interface for one or more of processing, analysis, storage, and distribution. In yet another embodiment, the controller 990 may configure and / or calibrate the diagnostic and / or therapeutic devices based on analysis of historical data in the remote data store.

[0060] One or more of the components, devices, and / or techniques disclosed herein may be used as part of a system to facilitate the performance of a medical procedure (e.g., peripheral nodule ablation) in a safe, efficient, and reliable manner. In many embodiments, the novel system may include one or more medical devices capable of locating a patient-specific anatomical structure, positioning a flexible elongated member for access to the patient-specific anatomical structure, and accessing the patient-specific anatomical structure in a safe, accurate, and reliable manner. In these and other ways, the components / techniques described herein may improve patient care, enhance user experience, shorten learning curves, improve success rates, and / or reduce adverse outcomes through the realization of more efficient and better-functioning medical devices having advantageous features. In many embodiments, one or more of the advantageous features may provide several technical effects and advantages over conventional devices and techniques, including increased capabilities and improved adaptability. In various embodiments, one or more of the aspects, techniques, and / or components disclosed herein may be implemented in practical applications via one or more computing devices, thereby providing additional useful functionality to the one or more computing devices, resulting in more capable, better performing, and improved computing devices. Additionally, one or more of the aspects, techniques, and / or components disclosed herein may be utilized to improve one or more technical fields, including imaging, endoscopy, cannulation, diagnostics, therapy, imaging, robotics, embedded systems, and / or control systems.

[0061] In some embodiments, the components disclosed herein can provide specific and particular ways to render, interpret, transform, analyze, monitor, and / or characterize images generated by the dual function device, such as via imaging transducer 316-2 (see, e.g., FIG. 3B). In some such embodiments, the specific and particular ways may include, for example, controlling, monitoring, and / or interfacing with one or more of the transducers, joints, working channels, and user interfaces to facilitate one or more endoscopy procedures. In one example, the specific and particular ways can simplify pulmonary procedures to make it easier for medical professionals to quickly learn to safely and reliably ablate targeted treatment sites.

[0062] In many embodiments, one or more of the components disclosed herein may be implemented as a set of rules that improve computer-related technology by enabling functions not previously executable by a computer, facilitating improved technical results to be achieved. In many embodiments, the permitted functions are associated with dual function devices and / or procedures. For example, the controller 990 may adjust the power level of the ablation tool 947 based on data from the ultrasound transducer 916-2. In some embodiments, the controller 990 may automatically initiate imaging when the power to the ablation tool returns below a threshold. In some such embodiments, when the power to the ablation tool rises above a threshold, the ablation tool may generate too much noise for the imaging transducer to operate properly.

[0063] In various embodiments, the controller may utilize the ultrasonic transducer 916 to calibrate, train, and / or control one or more characteristics of the ablation tool 947. For example, the controller 990 may determine that tissue has been ablated to a particular depth and / or layer (see, e.g., FIG. 10 ) based on data generated by the ultrasonic transducer 916-2 and stop the ablation tool 947. In many embodiments, the controller may automate one or more processes disclosed herein by executing one or more control loops for the treatment device based on adjusting one or more settings and / or parameters of the treatment device using data from the diagnostic device.

[0064] In some embodiments, the controller 990 may utilize the historical data to configure the diagnostic and / or therapeutic devices (e.g., set up or calibrate one or more of the diagnostic and therapeutic devices for a particular procedure based on the historical data). In various embodiments, the controller 990 may be an ultrasound drive unit and image processor. In many embodiments, the controller 990 may include separate I / O ports for diagnostic and therapeutic tools. One or more components or functions disclosed herein may be included in a single housing, or in multiple housings or locations.

[0065] FIG. 10 illustrates various aspects of an ultrasound image 1062 according to one or more embodiments disclosed herein. The ultrasound image 1062 may include one or more layers or depths of tissue. In some embodiments, the ultrasound image 1062 may include a composite image created by the controller. For example, the ultrasound image 1062 may include a composite of images taken at different frequencies, viewpoints, and / or positions. The illustrated embodiment of the ultrasound image 1062 includes five layers of tissue. In some embodiments, the first layer may include an interface layer, the second layer may include a mucosal layer, the third layer may include a submucosal layer, the fourth layer may include an inner muscularis layer, and the fifth layer may include an outer muscularis layer. In many embodiments, the controller 990 may analyze and identify tissue layers / depths / ablation based on the ultrasound image 1062. The ultrasound image 1062 may be utilized by the controller 990, or the like, to determine when a target amount / depth of penetration has been achieved. For example, performing an en bloc resection of a grade IA or grade IB bladder tumor may require removal of the submuscular layer, which can be confirmed by exposing the underlying smooth muscle layer. Another example is the removal of the mucosal layer of the duodenum during duodenal mucosa resurfacing. In some examples, removal of the mucosal layer of the duodenum can be utilized to alter a patient's appetite and / or reduce diabetic factors such as HbA1C%. In many embodiments, one or more components shown in or described with respect to FIG. 10 may be the same or similar in structure, function, and / or appearance to one or more other components disclosed herein. For example, ultrasound image 1062 may be the same or similar to ultrasound image 362. The embodiments are not limited in this context, and one or more aspects and / or components may be incorporated into other embodiments disclosed herein without departing from the scope of the present disclosure, and one or more aspects and / or components may be incorporated into other embodiments disclosed herein without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

[0066] FIG. 11 illustrates an embodiment of an exemplary computing architecture 1100 that may be suitable for implementing various embodiments as described above. In various embodiments, the computing architecture 1100 may include or be implemented as part of an electronic device and / or a medical device. In some embodiments, the computing architecture 1100 may represent, for example, one or more components disclosed herein. In some embodiments, the computing architecture 1100 may represent a computing device that implements or utilizes one or more portions of the components and / or techniques disclosed herein, such as, for example, the controller 990, the logic circuitry 992, the memory 994, the I / O 996, and / or the user interface 998. The embodiments are not limited in this context, and one or more aspects and / or components may be incorporated into other embodiments disclosed herein without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

[0067] As used in various embodiments herein, the terms "system" and "component" and "module" may refer to a computer-related entity that is either hardware, a combination of hardware and software, software, or software in execution, examples of which are provided by the exemplary computing architecture 1100. For example, a component may be, but is not limited to, a process running on a processor, a processor, a hard disk drive, multiple storage drives (of optical and / or magnetic storage media), an object, an executable file, a thread of execution, a program, and / or a computer. As an example, both an application running on the controller 990 and the controller 990 may be components. One or more components may reside within a process and / or thread of execution, and a component may be localized on one computer and / or distributed among two or more computers. Furthermore, components may be communicatively coupled to each other by various types of communication media to coordinate operations. Coordination may include unidirectional or bidirectional exchange of information. For example, components may communicate information in the form of signals communicated over the communication media. Information may be realized as signals assigned to various signal lines. In such an assignment, each message is a signal. However, further embodiments may alternatively employ data messages. Such data messages may be transmitted over a variety of connections. Exemplary connections include parallel interfaces, serial interfaces, and bus interfaces.

[0068] Computing architecture 1100 may include various typical computing elements, such as one or more processors, multi-core processors, co-processors, memory units, chipsets, controllers, peripherals, interfaces, oscillators, timing devices, video cards, audio cards, multimedia input / output (I / O) components, power supplies, etc. However, embodiments are not limited to implementation with computing architecture 1100.

[0069] As shown in FIG. 11, the computing architecture 1100 includes a processing unit 1104, a system memory 1106, and a system bus 1108. The processing unit 1104 can be any of a variety of commercially available processors, including, but not limited to, AMD® Athlon®, Duron®, and Opteron® processors, ARM® application, embedded and secure processors, IBM® and Motorola® DragonBall® and PowerPC® processors, IBM and Sony® Cell processors, Intel® Celeron®, Core(2) Duo®, Itanium®, Pentium®, Xeon®, and XScale® processors, and similar processors. Dual microprocessors, multi-core processors, and other multi-processor architectures can also be employed as the processing unit 1104.

[0070] The system bus 1108 provides an interface to the processing unit 1104 for system components including, but not limited to, the system memory 1106. The system bus 1108 can be any of several types of bus structures that can be further interconnected to a memory bus (with or without a memory controller), a peripheral bus, and a local bus using any of a variety of commercially available bus architectures. Interface adapters can be connected to the system bus 1108 through a slot architecture. Exemplary slot architectures can include, but are not limited to, Accelerated Graphics Port (AGP), CardBus, (Enhanced) Industry Standard Architecture ((E)ISA), MicroChannel Architecture (MCA), NuBus, Peripheral Component Interconnect (Enhanced) (PCI(X)), PCI Express, Personal Computer Memory Card International Association (PCMCIA), and the like.

[0071] The system memory 1106 may include various types of computer-readable storage media in the form of one or more high-speed memory units, such as read-only memory (ROM), random-access memory (RAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), double data rate DRAM (DDRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), static RAM (SRAM), programmable ROM (PROM), erasable programmable ROM (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), flash memory (e.g., one or more flash arrays), polymer memory such as ferroelectric polymer memory, ovonic memory, phase-change or ferroelectric memory, silicon-oxide-nitride-oxide-silicon (SONOS) memory, magnetic or optical cards, arrays of devices such as Redundant Array of Independent Disks (RAID) drives, solid-state memory devices (e.g., USB memory, solid-state drives (SSD)), and any other type of storage media suitable for storing information. In the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 11, the system memory 1106 may include non-volatile memory 1110 and / or volatile memory 1112. In some embodiments, the system memory 1106 may include a main memory. A basic input / output system (BIOS) may be stored in the non-volatile memory 1110.

[0072] The computer 1102 may include various types of computer-readable storage media in the form of one or more low-speed memory units, including an internal (or external) hard disk drive (HDD) 1114, a magnetic floppy disk drive (FDD) 1116 for reading from or writing to a removable magnetic disk 1118, and an optical disk drive 1120 for reading from or writing to a removable optical disk 1122 (e.g., a CD-ROM or DVD). The HDD 1114, FDD 1116, and optical disk drive 1120 may be connected to the system bus 1108 by a HDD interface 1124, a FDD interface 1126, and an optical drive interface 1128, respectively. The HDD interface 1124 for external drive implementations may include at least one or both of Universal Serial Bus (USB) and Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 994 interface technologies. In various embodiments, these types of memory may not be included in the main memory or system memory.

[0073] The drives and associated computer-readable media provide volatile and / or nonvolatile storage of data, data structures, computer-executable instructions, etc. A number of program modules can be stored in the drives and memory units 1110, 1112, including, for example, an operating system 1130, one or more application programs 1132, other program modules 1134, and program data 1136. In one embodiment, the one or more application programs 1132, other program modules 1134, and program data 1136 can include or implement, for example, the various techniques, applications, and / or components disclosed herein.

[0074] A user can enter commands and information into the computer 1102 through one or more wired / wireless input devices, for example, a keyboard 1138 and a pointing device such as a mouse 1140. Other input devices may include a microphone, an infrared (IR) remote control, a radio frequency (RF) remote control, a game pad, a stylus pen, a card reader, a dongle, a fingerprint reader, a glove, a graphics tablet, a joystick, a keyboard, a retina reader, a touch screen (e.g., capacitive, resistive, etc.), a track ball, a track pad, a sensor, a stylus, etc. These and other input devices are often connected to the processing unit 1104 through an input device interface 1142 coupled to the system bus 1108, but may also be connected by other interfaces, such as a parallel port, an IEEE 994 serial port, a game port, a USB port, an IR interface, etc.

[0075] A monitor 1144 or other type of display device is also connected to the system bus 1108 via an interface, such as a video adapter 1146. The monitor 1144 may be internal or external to the computer 1102. In addition to the monitor 1144, computers typically include other peripheral output devices, such as speakers, printers, etc.

[0076] The computer 1102 can operate in a networked environment using logical connections via wired and / or wireless communication to one or more remote computers, such as a remote computer 1148. In various embodiments, one or more interactions disclosed herein may occur via a networked environment. The remote computer 1148 may be a workstation, a server computer, a router, a personal computer, a portable computer, a microprocessor-based entertainment equipment, a peer device, or other common network node, and typically includes many or all of the elements described relative to the computer 1102, but for simplicity, only a memory / storage device 1150 is shown. The logical connections shown include wired / wireless connections to a local area network (LAN) 1152 and / or larger networks, e.g., a wide area network (WAN) 1154. Such LAN and WAN networking environments are commonplace in offices and companies, facilitating enterprise-wide computer networks, such as intranets, all of which may be connected to a global communications network, e.g., the Internet.

[0077] When used in a LAN networking environment, the computer 1102 is connected to the LAN 1152 through a wired and / or wireless communication network interface or adapter 1156. The adapter 1156 can facilitate wired and / or wireless communication to the LAN 1152 and can also include a wireless access point disposed therein for communicating with the wireless capabilities of the adapter 1156.

[0078] When used in a WAN networking environment, the computer 1102 may include a modem 1158 or be connected to a communications server on the WAN 1154 or have other means for establishing communications over the WAN 1154, such as by way of the Internet. The modem 1158, which may be internal or external and may be a wired and / or wireless device, connects to the system bus 1108 via the input device interface 1142. In a networked environment, program modules depicted relative to the computer 1102, or portions thereof, may be stored in the remote memory / storage device 1150. It will be appreciated that the network connections shown are exemplary and other means of establishing a communications link between the computers may be used.

[0079] The computer 1102 is operable to communicate with wired and wireless devices or entities using standards of the IEEE 802 family, such as wireless devices operatively arranged for wireless communication (e.g., IEEE 802.16 wireless modulation technology). This includes at least Wi-Fi (or Wireless Fidelity), WiMAX, and Bluetooth wireless technologies, among others. Thus, communication may be a predefined structure, similar to a traditional network, or simply ad-hoc communication between at least two devices. A Wi-Fi network provides secure, reliable, high-speed wireless connectivity using radio technologies called IEEE 802.11x (a, b, g, n, etc.). A Wi-Fi network can be used to connect computers to each other, to the Internet, and to wired networks (using IEEE 802.3 related media and functions).

[0080] 12 illustrates a block diagram of an exemplary communications architecture 1200 suitable for implementing various embodiments described above, such as applications or services disclosed herein. Communications architecture 1200 includes various common communications elements, such as transmitters, receivers, transceivers, radios, network interfaces, baseband processors, antennas, amplifiers, filters, power supplies, etc. However, embodiments are not limited to implementation with communications architecture 1200.

[0081] 12, the communications architecture 1200 includes one or more clients 1202 and servers 1204. The clients 1202 and servers 1204 are operatively connected to one or more respective client data stores 1208 and server data stores 1210 that can be used to store information local to the respective clients 1202 and servers 1204, such as cookies and / or associated contextual information. In various embodiments, any one of the servers 1204 can implement one or more of the logical flows, components, functions, or operations disclosed herein, and storage media disclosed herein, such as in connection with storing data received from any one of the clients 1202 in any of the server data stores 1210.

[0082] The clients 1202 and the servers 1204 can communicate information between each other using a communication framework 1206. The communication framework 1206 can implement any well-known communication technology and protocol. The communication framework 1206 can be implemented as a packet-switched network (e.g., a public network such as the Internet, a private network such as a corporate intranet, etc.), a circuit-switched network (e.g., the Public Switched Telephone Network), or a combination of packet-switched and circuit-switched networks (with appropriate gateways and translators).

[0083] The communications framework 1206 can implement various network interfaces configured to accept, communicate, and connect to communications networks. A network interface can be considered a specialized form of an input / output interface. The network interfaces can use connection protocols including, but not limited to, direct connection, Ethernet (e.g., thick, thin, twisted pair 10 / 100 / 1900 pair 10 / 100 / Base T, etc.), token ring, wireless network interface, cellular network interface, IEEE 802.11a-x network interface, IEEE 802.16 network interface, IEEE 802.20 network interface, etc. Additionally, multiple network interfaces can be used to accommodate various communications network types. For example, multiple network interfaces can be employed to enable communications over broadcast, multicast, and unicast networks. If processing requirements call for greater speed and capacity, a distributed network controller architecture can similarly be used to pool, load balance, and otherwise increase the communications bandwidth required by the clients 702 and servers 704. The communications network may be any one and combination of wired and / or wireless networks, including, but not limited to, direct interconnects, secure custom connections, private networks (e.g., corporate intranets), public networks (e.g., the Internet), personal area networks (PANs), local area networks (LANs), metropolitan area networks (MANs), operating missions as nodes on the Internet (OMNIs), wide area networks (WANs), wireless networks, cellular networks, and other communications networks.

[0084] Various embodiments may be implemented using hardware elements, software elements, or a combination of both. Examples of hardware elements may include a processor, a microprocessor, a circuit, a circuit element (e.g., a transistor, a resistor, a capacitor, an inductor, etc.), an integrated circuit, an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic device (PLD), a digital signal processor (DSP), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), a logic gate, a register, a semiconductor device, a chip, a microchip, a chipset, etc. Examples of software may include a software component, a program, an application, a computer program, an application program, a system program, a machine program, an operating system software, a middleware, a firmware, a software module, a routine, a subroutine, a function, a method, a procedure, a software interface, an application program interface (API), an instruction set, a computing code, a computer code, a code segment, a computer code segment, a word, a value, a symbol, or any combination thereof. Determining whether an embodiment is implemented using hardware and / or software elements may vary according to any number of factors, such as desired computational speeds, power levels, thermal tolerances, processing cycle budgets, input data rates, output data rates, memory resources, data bus speeds, and other design or performance constraints.

[0085] One or more aspects of at least one embodiment may be implemented by representative instructions stored on a machine-readable medium that represent various logic in a processor (e.g., logic circuitry), which when read by a machine, causes the machine to create logic for performing the techniques disclosed herein. Such representations, known as "IP cores," may be stored on tangible machine-readable media and delivered to various customers or manufacturing facilities to be loaded into manufacturing machines that actually create the logic or processors. Some embodiments may be implemented using a machine-readable medium or article that may store, for example, an instruction or set of instructions that, when executed by a machine (e.g., logic circuitry), may cause the machine to perform a method and / or operation according to an embodiment. Such a machine may include, for example, any suitable processing platform, computing platform, computing device, processing device, computing system, processing system, computer, processor, logic circuitry, etc., and may be implemented using any suitable combination of hardware and / or software. A machine-readable medium or article may include, for example, any suitable type of memory unit, memory device, memory article, memory medium, storage device, storage article, storage medium and / or storage unit, such as memory, removable or non-removable media, erasable or non-erasable media, writable or rewritable media, digital or analog media, hard disk, floppy disk, compact disk read only memory (CD-ROM), recordable compact disk (CD-R), rewritable compact disk (CD-RW), optical disk, magnetic media, magneto-optical media, removable memory cards or disks, various types of digital versatile disks (DVDs), tapes, cassettes, etc. The instructions may include any suitable type of code, such as source code, compiled code, interpreted code, executable code, static code, dynamic code, encrypted code, etc., implemented using any suitable high-level, low-level, object-oriented, visual, compiled and / or interpreted programming language.

[0086] This application is related to U.S. patent application Ser. No. 16 / 875,395, entitled "Medical imaging devices, systems, and methods," filed May 15, 2020, and is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.

[0087] All of the devices and / or methods disclosed and claimed herein can be manufactured and executed in light of the present disclosure without undue experimentation. Although the devices and methods of the present disclosure have been described with reference to preferred embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications can be made to the devices and / or methods disclosed herein, as well as to the steps or sequence of steps of the methods, without departing from the concept, spirit, and scope of the present disclosure. All such similar substitutes and modifications apparent to those skilled in the art are deemed to be within the spirit, scope, and concept of the present disclosure as defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. a handle assembly including a bifurcated joint, a flush port assembly, and a device port configured to receive a treatment tool; an elongate member including a first lumen and a second lumen, the bifurcation joint connecting the flush port assembly to a proximal end of the first lumen and connecting the device port to a proximal end of the second lumen; a diagnostic tool extending through the flush port assembly, through the branch joint, and into the first lumen; An apparatus comprising:

2. The apparatus of claim 1 , comprising the treatment tool, the treatment tool extending through the device port, through the branch joint, and into the second lumen.

3. 3. The device of claim 1 or 2, comprising a probe having a first opening and a second opening, the probe connecting a distal end of the first lumen to the first opening and connecting a distal end of the second lumen to the second opening.

4. The apparatus of claim 3 , wherein the first opening is perpendicular to the second opening.

5. 5. The apparatus of claim 3 or 4, wherein the probe includes an inclined surface adjacent the second opening, the inclined surface configured to deflect the treatment tool from a longitudinal axis of the elongated member when the treatment tool is extended from the second opening.

6. The apparatus of any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein the probe includes an imaging window and a marker.

7. The apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising a plunger assembly configured to move the treatment tool in distal and proximal directions.

8. 8. The apparatus of claim 7, comprising the treatment tool, the treatment tool extending through the device port, through the plunger assembly, through the bifurcated joint, and into the second lumen.

9. The apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the diagnostic tool comprises an ultrasound transducer.

10. 10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the ultrasonic transducer operates at a frequency greater than 30 megahertz.

11. The apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the flush port assembly is configured to rotate at least partially about a longitudinal axis of the diagnostic tool.

12. The device of any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the first lumen has a diameter of less than 0.75 millimeters.

13. The apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the therapeutic tool comprises an ablation tool.

14. The apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the treatment tool comprises one or more of a ball-tipped laser fiber and a blunt-tipped radio frequency ablation tool.

15. The apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 15, wherein the flush port assembly is capable of rotating at least 180 degrees about a longitudinal axis of the diagnostic tool.

Images