Flow battery system, battery monitoring device therefor, electrode element for battery monitoring device and method for manufacturing the same

Abstract

To provide a flow battery system, a battery monitoring device for the flow battery system, an electrode element for the battery monitoring device, and a manufacturing method therefor.SOLUTION: A battery monitoring device includes a positive electrode end plate, a positive electrode element that penetrates the positive electrode end plate and includes an electrode bar and a signal transmission portion protruding from the outer surface of the positive electrode end plate, a negative electrode end plate, a negative electrode element that penetrates the negative electrode end plate and includes an electrode bar and a signal transmission portion protruding from the outer surface of the negative electrode end plate, an electrolyte supply flow path, an electrolyte drainage flow path, a separator between the positive electrode end plate and the negative electrode end plate, and a voltage measurement unit.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2A

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a flow battery system, a battery monitoring device for the flow battery system, an electrode element for the battery monitoring device, and a method for manufacturing the electrode element. [Background technology]

[0002] Flow batteries have the advantages of good charge / discharge performance, recyclability, long service life, and good maintainability, making them ideal energy storage devices. In addition, flow batteries have the advantage of being environmentally friendly, since all products produced during production, use, and disposal can be fully recovered and reused. When using flow batteries, if users can accurately determine the battery capacity, they can effectively utilize the battery capacity and more precisely control the charge / discharge of the flow battery, thereby reducing the operating cost of electrical storage per kilowatt-hour and extending the service life of the flow battery. In view of the above, there is an urgent need to develop a new device for measuring the battery capacity of a flow battery. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present disclosure relates to a battery monitoring device for a flow battery system, the battery monitoring device including a positive end plate that defines a first chamber, a positive electrolyte supply flow path and a positive electrolyte drain flow path that are each provided through the positive end plate and communicate with the first chamber, a first electrode bar and a first signal transmission part that are connected to each other and that pass through the positive end plate and correspond to the first chamber, the positive end plate having a first outer surface away from the first chamber, and the first signal transmission part being provided in a protruding manner on the first outer surface, a negative end plate that defines a second chamber, and a negative Provided is a battery monitoring device for a flow battery system, the battery monitoring device including: a negative electrode electrolyte supply flow path and a negative electrode electrolyte drain flow path each penetrating the negative electrode end plate and communicating with a second chamber; a negative electrode element including a second electrode rod and a second signal transmission part penetrating the negative electrode end plate and corresponding to the second chamber and connected to each other, the negative electrode end plate having a second outer surface away from the second chamber, the second signal transmission part being protruded from the second outer surface; a separator provided between the first chamber and the second chamber; and a voltage measurement unit.

[0004] The present disclosure provides a flow battery system including: a flow battery unit; a positive electrode electrolyte tank for storing a positive electrode electrolyte and coupled to the flow battery unit; a negative electrode electrolyte tank for storing a negative electrode electrolyte and coupled to the flow battery unit; the battery monitoring device of any of the above embodiments; a first supply line coupled to the positive electrode electrolyte tank and in communication with a positive electrode electrolyte supply flow path; a second supply line coupled to the negative electrode electrolyte tank and in communication with the negative electrode electrolyte supply flow path; a first drain line in communication with the positive electrode electrolyte drain flow path and coupled to the positive electrode electrolyte tank; and a second drain line in communication with the negative electrode electrolyte drain flow path and coupled to the negative electrode electrolyte tank.

[0005] The present disclosure provides an electrode element for a battery monitoring device including a signal transmission unit, an electrode rod connected to the signal transmission unit and arranged to measure the open circuit voltage of the battery monitoring device, and an insulating protective tube covering a portion of the electrode rod and having a first end and a second end, the first end facing the second end, the electrode rod having a first protrusion located outside the first end, and the signal transmission unit having a second protrusion located outside the second end.

[0006] The present disclosure provides a manufacturing method for an electrode element for a battery monitoring device, the manufacturing method including the steps of connecting an electrode rod and a signal transmission unit so that the electrode rod is positioned to measure the open-circuit voltage of the battery monitoring device, and passing a portion of the electrode rod through a tubular hole of an insulating protective tube, the insulating protective tube having a first end and a second end, the first end facing the second end, and the electrode rod having a first protrusion located outside the first end. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0007] The present disclosure will be more fully understood from the following detailed description of the embodiments, when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which: [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a flow battery system and a load according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 2A] FIG. 2 is a side view of a battery monitoring unit according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 2B] FIG. 2 is a side view of a battery monitoring unit according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 3A] FIG. 2 is a side view of a positive electrode end plate, a first supply line, and a first drain line according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 3B] FIG. 2 is a side view of a positive electrode end plate, a first supply line, and a first drain line according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 4A] FIG. 2 is a side view of a negative electrode end plate, a second liquid supply line, and a second liquid drain line according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 4B] FIG. 2 is a side view of a negative electrode end plate, a second liquid supply line, and a second liquid drain line according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 5A] FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a positive electrode end plate according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 5B] FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a negative electrode end plate according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 5C] FIG. 2 is a side view of a negative electrode end plate according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 6] 1 is an exploded schematic diagram of a battery monitoring unit of a battery monitoring device according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 7] 1 is an exploded schematic diagram of a battery monitoring unit of a battery monitoring device according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 8] 1 is an exploded schematic diagram of a battery monitoring unit of a battery monitoring device according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 9A] 1A-1C are cross-sectional schematic diagrams of electrode elements for battery monitoring devices according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 9B] 1A-1C are cross-sectional schematic diagrams of electrode elements for battery monitoring devices according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 9C] 1A-1C are cross-sectional schematic diagrams of electrode elements for battery monitoring devices according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 9D] 1A-1C are cross-sectional schematic diagrams of electrode elements for battery monitoring devices according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 10A]1A-1C are cross-sectional schematic diagrams of electrode elements for battery monitoring devices according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 10B] 1A-1C are cross-sectional schematic diagrams of electrode elements for battery monitoring devices according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 10C] 1A-1C are cross-sectional schematic diagrams of electrode elements for battery monitoring devices according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 10D] 1A-1C are cross-sectional schematic diagrams of electrode elements for battery monitoring devices according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 11A] 1 is a flow chart of a method for manufacturing an electrode element for a battery monitoring device according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 11B] 1 is a flow chart of a method for manufacturing an electrode element for a battery monitoring device according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 11C] 1 is a flow chart of a method for manufacturing an electrode element for a battery monitoring device according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 11D] 1 is a flow chart of a method for manufacturing an electrode element for a battery monitoring device according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 12] FIG. 1 illustrates the voltage-time relationship of a flow battery according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 13] FIG. 2 illustrates a voltage-time relationship of a battery monitoring device according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 14] FIG. 1 illustrates the power-time relationship of a flow battery according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 15] FIG. 2 illustrates a voltage-time relationship of a battery monitoring device according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0008] Hereinafter, the following embodiments are disclosed in the drawings. For the sake of clarity, many practical details are set forth in the following description. However, it should be understood that these practical details are not applied to limit the present disclosure. That is, in some embodiments of the present disclosure, these practical details are not necessarily required. In addition, in order to simplify the drawings, some conventional structures and elements are simply and diagrammatically shown in the drawings.

[0009] It may be understood that terms such as first, second, and third are used herein to describe various elements, components, regions, layers, and / or blocks. However, these elements, components, regions, layers, and / or blocks should not be limited by these terms. These terms are merely intended to identify a single element, component, region, layer, and / or block. Thus, a first element, component, region, layer, and / or block below may be referred to as a second element, component, region, layer, and / or block without departing from the spirit of the present disclosure.

[0010] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a flow battery system 100 and a load 150 according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. The flow battery system 100 includes a flow battery FB and a battery monitor MD. The flow battery FB includes a flow battery unit 110, a positive electrode electrolyte tank 120, a negative electrode electrolyte tank 130, a first liquid supply main line P1, a first liquid drain main line P2, a second liquid supply main line P3, and a second liquid drain main line P4. The flow battery unit 110 includes a positive electrode battery cell 112, a negative electrode battery cell 114, and a separator 116 interposed between the positive electrode battery cell 112 and the negative electrode battery cell 114. The load 150 is electrically connected to the positive electrode battery cell 112 and the negative electrode battery cell 114 of the flow battery unit 110 via a conductor L1 and a conductor L2, respectively. The flow battery system 100 can supply power to the load 150. The positive electrode electrolyte tank 120 stores a positive electrode electrolyte and is coupled to the flow battery unit 110, more specifically, to the positive battery cell 112 to supply the positive electrode electrolyte. In some embodiments, the positive electrode electrolyte tank 120 is connected to the flow battery unit 110 via a first main supply line P1 and a first main drain line P2, where the first main supply line P1 is used to transport the positive electrode electrolyte to the positive battery cell 112, and the first main drain line P2 is used to discharge the positive electrode electrolyte to the positive electrode electrolyte tank 120. The negative electrode electrolyte tank 130 stores a negative electrode electrolyte and is coupled to the flow battery unit 110, more specifically, to the negative battery cell 114 to supply the negative electrode electrolyte. In some embodiments, the negative electrolyte tank 130 is connected to the flow battery unit 110 via a second feed main line P3 and a second drain main line P4, where the second feed main line P3 is used to transport the negative electrolyte to the negative battery cell 114, and the second drain main line P4 is used to discharge the negative electrolyte to the negative electrolyte tank 130. In some embodiments, the flow battery FB is a vanadium flow battery (VFB), which may also be referred to as a vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB). For example, the positive electrolyte is VO2 + and VO 2+ The negative electrode electrolyte contains V 3+ and V 2+Contains:

[0011] As shown in FIG. 1, the battery monitoring device MD includes a battery monitoring unit 140. The battery monitoring unit 140 includes a positive end plate 142, a negative end plate 144, and a separator 146 interposed between the positive end plate 142 and the negative end plate 144. Other elements of the battery monitoring unit 140 are further described in FIG. 2A and FIG. 2B described below. A first supply line P5 and a first drain line P6 are coupled to the positive electrolyte reservoir 120 and the battery monitoring unit 140, and a second supply line P7 and a second drain line P8 are coupled to the negative electrolyte reservoir 130 and the battery monitoring unit 140. In some embodiments, the battery monitoring device MD further includes a voltage measurement unit 148. The voltage measurement unit 148 is electrically connected to the battery monitoring unit 140 of the battery monitoring device MD via the conductors L3 and L4, and can be used to measure the open circuit voltage (OCV) of the battery monitoring unit 140 and calculate the battery capacity of the flow battery FB from the open circuit voltage and the power of the flow battery FB. Therefore, the battery monitoring device MD may be called a battery capacity measurement device.

[0012] As shown in FIG. 1, the first liquid supply main line P1 communicates with the first liquid supply line P5, in other words, the first liquid supply line P5 is a branch line in the first liquid supply main line P1 and extends from the first liquid supply main line P1. Thus, a portion of the positive electrode electrolyte flowing out of the positive electrode electrolyte tank 120 enters the battery monitoring unit 140. The second liquid supply main line P3 communicates with the second liquid supply line P7, in other words, the second liquid supply line P7 is a branch line in the second liquid supply main line P3 and extends from the second liquid supply main line P3. Thus, a portion of the negative electrode electrolyte flowing out of the negative electrode electrolyte tank 130 enters the battery monitoring unit 140. In some embodiments, the pipe diameters of the first liquid supply main line P1 and the second liquid supply main line P3 are larger than the pipe diameters of the first liquid supply line P5 and the second liquid supply line P7, respectively. The present disclosure is not limited to the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, and in other embodiments, the first liquid supply line P5 is connected directly to the positive electrode electrolyte tank 120 (not shown), and the second liquid supply line P7 is connected directly to the negative electrode electrolyte tank 130 (not shown).

[0013] Referring again to FIG. 1, the first pump PU1 transports the positive electrode electrolyte to the positive battery cell 112 and the battery monitoring unit 140. The second pump PU2 transports the negative electrode electrolyte to the negative battery cell 114 and the battery monitoring unit 140. The electrolyte mainly flows through the flow battery unit 110, and a part of it enters the battery monitoring unit 140 of the battery monitoring device MD, which measures the battery capacity. When the load 150 changes, this change affects the voltage of the flow battery FB, which affects the user's judgment of the battery capacity. However, the battery monitoring device MD can completely avoid the interference of the charge / discharge and the load 150 and accurately measure the open circuit voltage, so that the battery capacity of the flow battery FB can be accurately measured. Therefore, the user can precisely control the charge / discharge of the flow battery FB, thereby reducing the operating cost of the flow battery FB and extending the service life of the flow battery FB.

[0014] In some embodiments, the flow battery system 100 further comprises at least one valve provided in the first supply line P5, the first drain line P6, the second supply line P7, the second drain line P8, or a combination thereof. Referring to FIG. 1, the first valve V1 is provided in the first supply line P5, the second valve V2 is provided in the second supply line P7, the third valve V3 is provided in the first drain line P6, and the fourth valve V4 is provided in the second drain line P8. In some embodiments, the first valve V1, the second valve V2, the third valve V3, and the fourth valve V4 are open / close valves, but are not limited thereto. The first valve V1 and the second valve V2 can be used to adjust the flow rate of the electrolyte. The third valve V3 and the fourth valve V4 are convenient for users to repair and / or maintain the flow battery system 100.

[0015] Please refer to Figures 1, 2A, and 2B together. Figures 2A and 2B are side views of a battery monitoring unit 140 according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in Figures 1, 2A, and 2B, the battery monitoring unit 140 of the battery monitoring device MD includes a positive electrode end plate 142, a positive electrode electrolyte supply flow path SC1, a positive electrode electrolyte drain flow path SD1, a positive electrode element 210, a negative electrode end plate 144, a negative electrode electrolyte supply flow path SC2, a negative electrode electrolyte drain flow path SD2, a negative electrode element 220, and a separator 146. The voltage measurement unit 148 shown in Figure 1 is electrically connected to the positive electrode element 210 and the negative electrode element 220 shown in Figure 2A or 2B and is used to measure the open circuit voltage of the battery monitoring unit 140. More specifically, the positive electrode element 210 includes a first electrode rod (not shown) connected to each other and a first signal transmission part 212 provided in a protruding manner on the first outer surface S1, while the negative electrode element 220 includes a second electrode rod (not shown) connected to each other and a second signal transmission part 222 provided in a protruding manner on the second outer surface S2, and the voltage measurement unit 148 is electrically connected to the first signal transmission part 212 and the second signal transmission part 222. The first signal transmission part 212 and the second signal transmission part 222 are connected to the voltage measurement unit 148 and arranged to transmit signals. The first electrode rod and the second electrode rod (not shown) are arranged to measure the open circuit voltage of the battery monitoring unit 140 of the battery monitoring device MD. Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2A together, the first liquid supply pipe P5 is coupled to the positive electrode electrolyte tank 120 and communicates with the positive electrode electrolyte supply flow path SC1. The first drain pipe P6 communicates with the positive electrode electrolyte drain flow path SD1 and is also coupled to the positive electrode electrolyte tank 120. Referring to both Figures 1 and 2B, the second supply pipe P7 communicates with the negative electrode electrolyte tank 130 and is also coupled to the negative electrode electrolyte supply flow path SC2. The second drain pipe P8 communicates with the negative electrode electrolyte drain flow path SD2 and is also coupled to the negative electrode electrolyte tank 130.

[0016] Referring again to FIG. 1, in some embodiments, at least one of the first drainage conduit P6 and the second drainage conduit P8 includes a transparent conduit, so that the user can clearly observe the drainage amount and further adjust the supply amount. In some embodiments, at least one of the conduits is made of a transparent material. FIGS. 3A-3B are side views of the positive electrode end plate 142, the first supply conduit P5, and the first drainage conduit P6 according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 3A, the first drainage conduit P6 includes a transparent conduit 310 that is substantially horizontal. In other words, in the horizontal direction, the first drainage conduit P6 is at least partially transparent. Thus, the user can directly and qualitatively observe the flow rate of the electrolyte and control the flow rate in accordance with the first valve V1 (e.g., an open / close valve). In some embodiments, the transparent conduit 310 may be marked with a scale 312, and when the electrolyte flow rate is high, the liquid level corresponds to a high scale, whereas when the electrolyte flow rate is low, the liquid level corresponds to a low scale. Thus, the user can semi-quantitatively observe the electrolyte flow rate and adjust the opening of the first valve V1 to adjust the flow rate. The conduit structure design of the present disclosure does not require the installation of an additional, expensive flow rate valve that can precisely control the flow rate, and the simple open / close valve and transparent conduit allow the user to observe the flow rate state in real time and adjust the flow rate in real time. In addition, when the conduit is blocked by an obstruction such as vanadium pentoxide, the user can remove the obstruction in real time to avoid distortion of the open circuit voltage measurement.

[0017] In some embodiments, the first supply pipe P5 includes a non-horizontal transparent pipe. For example, as shown in FIG. 3B, the first drain pipe P6 includes a vertical transparent pipe 330, in other words, at least a part of the pipe is transparent in the vertical direction, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. Therefore, the user can directly and qualitatively observe the flow rate of the electrolyte and control the flow rate according to the first valve V1 (e.g., an on-off valve). The pipe structure design of the present disclosure does not require the installation of a high-cost flow valve that can precisely control the flow rate, and the simple on-off valve and transparent pipe allow the user to observe the flow rate state in real time, adjust the flow rate, and remove the blockage in the pipe.

[0018] 4A-4B are side views of the negative electrode end plate 144, the second supply pipe P7, and the second drain pipe P8 according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 4A, the second drain pipe P8 includes a transparent pipe 410 that is substantially horizontal. In other words, in the horizontal direction, the second drain pipe P8 is at least partially transparent. In some embodiments, the transparent pipe may be marked with a scale 412. For the embodiment and effects of FIG. 4A, please refer to the embodiment of FIG. 3A, and will not be described in detail here. In some embodiments, the second drain pipe P8 includes a non-horizontal transparent pipe. For example, as shown in FIG. 4B, the second drain pipe P8 includes a transparent pipe 430 that is substantially vertical, that is, at least a portion of which is transparent in the vertical direction, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. For the embodiment and effects of FIG. 4B, please refer to the embodiment of FIG. 3B, and will not be described in detail here.

[0019] FIG. 5A is a perspective view of a positive electrode end plate 142 according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. The positive electrode end plate 142 defines a first chamber C1. A positive electrode electrolyte supply flow path SC1 and a positive electrode electrolyte drain flow path SD1 are respectively provided through the positive electrode end plate 142 and communicate with the first chamber C1. Referring to FIGS. 2A and 5A together, the positive electrode element 210 passes through the positive electrode end plate 142 and corresponds to the first chamber C1, in other words, is positioned in the first chamber C1. The positive electrode element 210 includes a first electrode rod (not shown) and a first signal transmission part 212 connected to each other. The positive electrode end plate 142 has a first outer surface S1 away from the first chamber C1, and the first signal transmission part 212 is provided in a protruding manner on the first outer surface S1. The embodiment of the positive electrode element 210 will be further described in FIGS. 9A to 10D described later.

[0020] FIG. 5B is a perspective view of the negative electrode end plate 144 according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 5C is a side view of the negative electrode end plate 144 according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. The negative electrode end plate 144 defines a second chamber C2. The negative electrode electrolyte supply flow path SC2 and the negative electrode electrolyte drain flow path SD2 are respectively provided through the negative electrode end plate 144 and communicate with the second chamber C2. Referring to FIG. 2B and FIG. 5B together, the negative electrode element 220 passes through the negative electrode end plate 144 and corresponds to the second chamber C2, in other words, is positioned in the second chamber C2. The negative electrode element 220 includes a second electrode rod (not shown) and a second signal transmission part 222 connected to each other. The negative electrode end plate 144 has a second outer surface S2 away from the second chamber C2, and the second signal transmission part 222 is provided protrudingly on the second outer surface S2. 9A to 10D, which will be described later. Also, the side view of the positive electrode end plate 142 can be directly referred to the side view of the negative electrode end plate 144 in FIG. 5C, and will not be described in detail here.

[0021] 6 to 8 are exploded schematic diagrams of a battery monitoring unit of a battery monitoring device according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 6, the battery monitoring unit 140a includes a positive electrode end plate 142, a positive electrode electrolyte supply flow path SC1, a positive electrode electrolyte drain flow path SD1, a positive electrode element 210, a negative electrode end plate 144, a negative electrode electrolyte supply flow path SC2, a negative electrode electrolyte drain flow path SD2, a negative electrode element 220, and a separator 146. The separator 146 is provided between the first chamber C1 of the positive electrode end plate 142 and the second chamber C2 of the negative electrode end plate 144. Referring to FIG. 2A, FIG. 5A, and FIG. 6 in combination, when the positive electrode element 210 and the positive electrode end plate 142 are assembled, the positive electrode element 210 passes through the positive electrode element mounting hole H1 of the positive electrode end plate 142 and corresponds to the first chamber C1. In some embodiments, the positive electrode element 210 is directly fixed in the positive electrode element mounting hole H1, for example, directly glued or welded in the positive electrode element mounting hole H1, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 3A and FIG. 6, the screw 320 is screwed into the screw fixing hole 510 of the positive electrode end plate 142 and the screw fixing hole 520 of the negative electrode end plate 144 to assemble and fix the positive electrode end plate 142, the separator 146, and the negative electrode end plate 144 together. In some embodiments, a nut (not shown) corresponding to the screw 320 is provided on the outside of the negative electrode end plate 144. Referring to FIG. 2A, FIG. 5B, and FIG. 6 together, when the negative electrode element 220 and the negative electrode end plate 144 are assembled, the negative electrode element 220 passes through the negative electrode element mounting hole H2 of the negative electrode end plate 144 and corresponds to the second chamber C2. In some embodiments, the negative element 220 is directly adhesively fixed in the negative element mounting hole H2, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. Also, in some embodiments, as shown in Figures 4A and 6, the screw 420 is screwed into the screw fixing hole 520 of the negative electrode end plate 144 and the screw fixing hole 510 of the positive electrode end plate 142 to assemble and fix the negative electrode end plate 144, the separator 146, and the positive electrode end plate 142 together. In some embodiments, a nut (not shown) corresponding to the screw 420 is provided on the outside of the positive electrode end plate 142.

[0022] 6, in some embodiments, the battery monitoring unit 140a further includes a first conductive sheet 610 and a second conductive sheet 620, where the first conductive sheet 610 is disposed between the separator 146 and the positive electrode element 210, and the second conductive sheet 620 is disposed between the separator 146 and the negative electrode element 220. In some embodiments, the materials of the first conductive sheet 610 and the second conductive sheet 620 include graphite, carbon nanotubes, graphene, carbon black, carbon fiber, activated carbon, hollow carbon, soft carbon, hard carbon, or a combination thereof. The conductive sheets can reduce impedance to more accurately measure the open circuit voltage of the battery monitoring unit 140a. In other embodiments, the battery monitoring unit 140a does not include the first conductive sheet 610 and the second conductive sheet 620. In some embodiments, the battery monitoring unit 140a further includes a first annular groove CT1, a first elastic sealing member 630, a second annular groove CT2, and a second elastic sealing member 640. As shown in FIG. 5A and FIG. 6, the first chamber C1 has a first opening O1 toward the separator 146, the first annular groove CT1 encloses the first opening O1, and the first elastic sealing member 630 is provided in the first annular groove CT1. As shown in FIG. 5B and FIG. 6, the second chamber C2 has a second opening O2 toward the separator 146, the second annular groove CT2 surrounds the second opening O2, and the second elastic sealing member 640 is provided in the second annular groove CT2. When all the elements shown in FIG. 6 are attached together, the elastic sealing members can prevent leakage of the electrolyte. In some embodiments, the first elastic sealing member 630 and the second elastic sealing member 640 are sealing rings. In another embodiment, the first annular groove CT1, the first elastic sealing member 630, the second annular groove CT2, and the second elastic sealing member 640 are not provided in the battery monitoring unit 140a.

[0023] In some embodiments, the battery monitoring unit 140a does not include a current collector, a bipolar plate, or a combination thereof. For example, there is no current collector, a bipolar plate, or a combination thereof between the separator 146 and the positive end plate 142, and there is no current collector, a bipolar plate, or a combination thereof between the separator 146 and the negative end plate 144. In some embodiments, the positive end plate 142 and the negative end plate 144 are in direct contact with the separator 146. The battery monitoring unit 140a of the present disclosure has a simple structural design, which can improve the reliability of the manufacturing process of the battery monitoring device, extend the service life, and improve the reproducibility of the measurement of the battery capacity.

[0024] 2A and 7, in some embodiments, the battery monitoring unit 140b further includes a first fixing element 230 and a second fixing element 240. The positive electrode element 210 is assembled and fixed to the first fixing element 230, specifically, directly fixed to the first fixing element 230 by penetrating the first fixing element 230. For example, but not limited to, the positive electrode element 210 is directly bonded or welded to the first fixing element 230. The positive electrode element 210 is detachably fixed to the positive electrode end plate 142 via the first fixing element 230, so that it can be taken out from the positive electrode end plate 142. The negative electrode element 220 is assembled and fixed to the second fixing element 240, specifically, directly fixed to the second fixing element 240 by penetrating the second fixing element 240. For example, but not limited to, the negative electrode element 220 is directly bonded or welded to the second fixing element 240. The negative electrode element 220 is detachably fixed to the negative electrode end plate 144 via the second fixing element 240, and therefore can be removed from the negative electrode end plate 144. For example, the first fixing element 230 and the second fixing element 240 are a fixed base.

[0025] As shown in FIG. 8, in some embodiments, the battery monitoring unit 140c further includes a first fixing element 810 and a second fixing element 820. The positive electrode element 210 is separably fixed to the positive electrode end plate 142 via the first fixing element 810. In detail, the first fixing element 810 includes a fixing base 812 and a connection base 814, and the fixing base 812 is separably fixed to the positive electrode end plate 142. The fixing base 812 is separably assembled and fixed to the connection base 814, and the positive electrode element 210 is separably assembled and fixed to the connection base 814, so that replacement can be facilitated. The hole of the connection base 814 can tighten the positive electrode element 210 when the positive electrode element 210 is inserted. The negative electrode element 220 is separably fixed to the negative electrode end plate 144 via the second fixing element 820. In detail, the second fixing element 820 includes a fixing base 822 and a connection base 824 connected to each other, and the fixing base 822 is detachably fixed to the negative electrode end plate 144. Since the fixing base 822 is detachably assembled and fixed to the connection base 824, and the negative electrode element 220 is detachably assembled and fixed to the connection base 824, replacement can be facilitated. The hole of the connection base 824 can tighten the negative electrode element 220 when the negative electrode element 220 is inserted. Since the positive electrode element 210 and the negative electrode element 220 of the present disclosure are detachable, convenience of use can be improved.

[0026] Please refer to Figures 2A, 2B, 9A-9D, and 10A-10D. Figures 9A-9D and 10A-10D are schematic cross-sectional views of electrode elements for a battery monitoring device MD according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. The electrode elements shown in Figures 9A-9D and 10A-10D can function as the positive electrode element 210 of the battery monitoring unit 140 in Figure 2A or the negative electrode element 220 of the battery monitoring unit 140 in Figure 2B.

[0027] As shown in FIG. 9A, the electrode element 900a includes a signal transmission unit 912, an electrode rod 914, and an insulating protection tube 920. The electrode rod 914 is connected to the signal transmission unit 912. The signal transmission unit 912 is connected to a voltage measurement unit and arranged to transmit a signal. The electrode rod 914 is arranged to measure the open circuit voltage of the battery monitoring device MD. The insulating protection tube 920 covers a part of the electrode rod 914, and more specifically, a part of the electrode rod 914 is located in a tubular hole of the insulating protection tube 920. In other words, a part of the electrode rod 914 is fitted into the insulating protection tube 920. The insulating protection tube 920 has a first end T1 and a second end T2, and the first end T1 faces the second end T2. The electrode rod 914 has a first protrusion PT1 located outside the first end T1, and the signal transmission unit 912 has a second protrusion PT2 located outside the second end T2. The insulating protective tube 920 can improve the reliability of the battery monitoring element by preventing the electrolyte from leaking out. In some embodiments, the electrode bar 914 has a linear shape. In some embodiments, the first protrusion PT1 has a non-linear shape, which can increase the area in contact with the electrolyte, avoid perforation of the separator, and is advantageous for compacting the element. In some embodiments, the non-linear shape is a curved shape, a spiral shape, a winding shape, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the first protrusion PT1 is a winding portion. In other embodiments, the first protrusion PT1 has a linear shape (not shown). In some embodiments, the material of the electrode bar 914 includes a carbon material, a carbon composite material, gold, platinum, or a combination thereof. For example, the carbon material includes graphite, carbon nanotube, graphene, carbon black, carbon fiber, activated carbon, hollow carbon, soft carbon, hard carbon, or a combination thereof. For example, the carbon composite material includes a sulfur carbon composite material, a silicon carbon composite material, a carbon / carbon composite material, or a combination thereof. Compared to carbon materials and carbon composite materials, platinum is more stable and therefore has excellent reproducibility in measurements. In some embodiments, the material of the signal transmission portion 912 includes copper, aluminum, nickel, silver, gold, platinum, an alloy of any of the above metals, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the electrode bar 914 and the signal transmission portion 912 include different materials.In some embodiments, the signal transmission unit 912 is a copper wire, and the electrode rod 914 is a carbon rod or a platinum rod. In some embodiments, the material of the insulating protective tube 920 includes polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, or a combination thereof.

[0028] As shown in FIG. 9B, the electrode element 900b includes a signal transmission unit 932, an electrode bar 934, and an insulating protection tube 920. The electrode bar 934 is arranged to measure the open circuit voltage of the battery monitoring device MD. FIG. 9B is different from FIG. 9A in that the insulating protection tube 920 further covers a part of the signal transmission unit 932, in particular, the insulating protection tube 920 simultaneously covers a part of the signal transmission unit 932 and a part of the electrode bar 934. If the ductility of the signal transmission unit 932 is higher than that of the electrode bar 934, the electrode element 900b of FIG. 9B can further reduce the probability of the electrode bar 934 breaking compared to the electrode element 900a of FIG. 9A. If the material cost of the electrode bar 934 is higher than the material cost of the signal transmission unit 932, the electrode element 900b of FIG. 9B can further reduce the manufacturing cost compared to the electrode element 900a of FIG. 9A.

[0029] As shown in FIG. 9C, the electrode element 900c includes a signal transmission part 912, an electrode bar 914, an insulating protective tube 920, and an inner-layer protective film 922. The inner-layer protective film 922 covers a part of the electrode bar 914 and is located between the electrode bar 914 and the insulating protective tube 920. FIG. 9C is different from FIG. 9A in that the electrode element 900c further includes an inner-layer protective film 922. The inner-layer protective film 922 may be formed of an acid-alkali resistant insulating adhesive, such as a polyethylene adhesive, a polypropylene adhesive, a polyvinyl chloride adhesive, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the material of the inner-layer protective film 922 and the material of the insulating protective tube 920 independently include polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the inner-layer protective film 922 and the insulating protective tube 920 include the same material, such as polyvinyl chloride. In some embodiments, the inner-layer protective film 922 and the insulating protective tube 920 include different materials.

[0030] As shown in Fig. 9D, the electrode element 900d includes a signal transmission part 932, an electrode bar 934, an insulating protective tube 920, and an inner-layer protective film 922. The inner-layer protective film 922 covers a part of the electrode bar 934 and a part of the signal transmission part 932. The inner-layer protective film 922 is located between the electrode bar 934 and the insulating protective tube 920, and is also located between the signal transmission part 932 and the insulating protective tube 920. Fig. 9D differs from Fig. 9B in that the electrode element 900d further includes an inner-layer protective film 922.

[0031] As shown in FIG. 10A, the electrode element 1000a includes a signal transmission part 912', an electrode rod 914', and an insulating protection tube 920. The electrode rod 914' is arranged to measure the open circuit voltage of the battery monitoring device MD. The electrode rod 914' has a non-linear part SP1 connected to the signal transmission part 912' and covered with the insulating protection tube 920. In some embodiments, the non-linear part SP1 has a curved shape, a spiral shape, a winding shape, or a combination thereof. FIG. 10A is different from FIG. 9A in that the electrode rod 914' further has a non-linear part SP1. When the electrode element 1000a is provided in the battery monitoring device, the non-linear part SP1 can prevent the electrolyte in the chamber from leaking outward, so that the electrode element 1000a can meet the needs of an operating environment at high pressure. In addition, the non-linear part SP1 can firmly fit the electrode rod 914' into the insulating protection tube 920.

[0032] As shown in FIG. 10B, the electrode element 1000b includes a signal transmission portion 932', an electrode rod 934', and an insulating protective tube 920. The electrode rod 934' is arranged to measure the open circuit voltage of the battery monitoring device MD. The electrode rod 934' has a non-linear portion SP2. In some embodiments, the non-linear portion SP2 has a curved shape, a spiral shape, a winding shape, or a combination thereof. FIG. 10B differs from FIG. 10A in that the insulating protective tube 920 further covers a part of the signal transmission portion 932'. As shown in FIG. 10C, the electrode element 1000c includes a signal transmission portion 912', an electrode rod 914', an insulating protective tube 920, and an inner layer protective film 922'. The inner layer protective film 922' covers a part of the electrode rod 914' and is located between the electrode rod 914' and the insulating protective tube 920. FIG. 10C is different from FIG. 10A in that the electrode element 1000c further includes an inner-layer protective film 922'. As shown in FIG. 10D, the electrode element 1000d includes a signal transmission part 932', an electrode bar 934', an insulating protective tube 920, and an inner-layer protective film 922'. The inner-layer protective film 922' covers a part of the electrode bar 934' and a part of the signal transmission part 932'. The inner-layer protective film 922' is located between the electrode bar 934' and the insulating protective tube 920, and is located between the signal transmission part 932' and the insulating protective tube 920. FIG. 10D is different from FIG. 10B in that the electrode element 1000d further includes an inner-layer protective film 922'.

[0033] The present disclosure then provides a number of methods for manufacturing an electrode element for a battery monitoring device. The methods disclosed herein are described below using a series of operations or steps, but the order in which these operations or steps are shown should not be construed as limiting the present disclosure. For example, some operations or steps may be performed in different orders and / or simultaneously with other steps. Also, not all illustrated operations, steps and / or features need to be performed to be able to implement embodiments of the present disclosure. Also, each operation or step described herein may include multiple sub-steps or actions.

[0034] The present disclosure provides a method for manufacturing an electrode element for a battery monitoring device. Please refer to FIG. 9A and FIG. 11A together. FIG. 11A is a flowchart of a method 1100A for manufacturing an electrode element for a battery monitoring device according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. The manufacturing method 1100A includes an operation 1110, an operation 1120, and an operation 1130 that are performed sequentially. In the operation 1110, the electrode rod 914 and the signal transmission part 912 are connected, the electrode rod 914 is arranged to measure the open circuit voltage of the battery monitoring device MD, and the signal transmission part 912 is connected to the voltage measurement unit 148 and arranged to transmit a signal. In some embodiments, the connection of the electrode rod 914 and the signal transmission part 912 is performed by welding. In operation 1120, a part of the electrode rod 914 is passed through a tubular hole of the insulating protection tube 920, the insulating protection tube 920 has a first end T1 and a second end T2, the first end T1 faces the second end T2, the electrode rod 914 has a first protrusion PT1 located outside the first end T1, and the signal transmission part 912 has a second protrusion PT2 located outside the second end T2. In operation 1130, an insulating adhesive is filled in the tubular hole and between the part of the electrode rod 914 and the insulating protection tube 920 to fill the gap between the electrode rod 914 and the insulating protection tube 920, thereby achieving the effect of avoiding the seepage of the electrolyte. The present disclosure provides another manufacturing method for an electrode element for a battery monitoring device. Please refer to FIG. 9A and FIG. 11B together. The manufacturing method 1100B includes operations 1120, 1110, and 1130 that are sequentially performed. After a portion of the electrode rod 914 passes through a tubular hole of the insulating protective tube 920, the electrode rod 914 and the signal transmission section 912 are connected. In some embodiments, the insulating adhesive includes a polyethylene adhesive, a polypropylene adhesive, a polyvinyl chloride adhesive, a polytetrafluoroethylene adhesive, or a combination thereof.

[0035] The present disclosure provides a method for manufacturing an electrode element for a battery monitoring device. With reference to FIG. 9B and FIG. 11A together, in operation 1110, an electrode rod 934 and a signal transmission part 932 are connected, the electrode rod 934 is arranged to measure the open circuit voltage of the battery monitoring device MD, and the signal transmission part 932 is arranged to be connected to a voltage measurement unit 148 and transmit a signal. In operation 1120, a part of the electrode rod 934 is passed through a tubular hole of the insulating protection tube 920. The manufacturing method 1100A further includes an operation of passing a part of the signal transmission part 932 through a tubular hole of the insulating protection tube 920. In operation 1130, an insulating adhesive is filled in the tubular hole and between the part of the electrode rod 934 and the insulating protection tube 920. The manufacturing method 1100A further includes an operation of filling an insulating adhesive between the part of the signal transmission part 932 and the insulating protection tube 920. As a result, the gaps between the electrode rod 934, the signal transmission section 932 and the insulating protective tube 920 are filled, thereby achieving the effect of preventing the electrolyte from seeping out.

[0036] The present disclosure provides a method for manufacturing an electrode element for a battery monitoring device. Please refer to FIG. 9C and FIG. 11C together. FIG. 11C is a flowchart of a method 1100C for manufacturing an electrode element for a battery monitoring device according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. The manufacturing method 1100C includes an operation 1110, an operation 1140, an operation 1150, and an operation 1160 that are sequentially performed. In the operation 1110, the electrode rod 914 and the signal transmission part 912 are connected, and the electrode rod 914 is arranged to measure the open circuit voltage of the battery monitoring device MD, and the signal transmission part 912 is connected to the voltage measurement unit 148 and arranged to transmit a signal. In the operation 1140, a first insulating adhesive is applied to cover a part of the electrode rod 914 to form an inner layer protective film 922. In the operation 1150, the part of the electrode rod 914 and the inner layer protective film 922 are passed through a tubular hole of the insulating protection tube 920. In operation 1160, a second insulating adhesive is filled into the tubular hole and between the inner layer protective film 922 and the insulating protective tube 920 to fill the gap, thereby achieving the effect of preventing electrolyte leakage. In some embodiments, the first insulating adhesive and the second insulating adhesive independently include a polyethylene adhesive, a polypropylene adhesive, a polyvinyl chloride adhesive, a polytetrafluoroethylene adhesive, or a combination thereof. In other embodiments, operations 1140, 1150, 1110, and 1160 are performed sequentially. In other embodiments, operations 1140, 1150, 1160, and 1110 are performed sequentially.

[0037] The present disclosure provides a method for manufacturing an electrode element for a battery monitoring device. Please refer to FIG. 9D and FIG. 11D together. FIG. 11D is a flowchart of a method 1100D for manufacturing an electrode element for a battery monitoring device according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. The manufacturing method 1100D includes an operation 1110, an operation 1170, an operation 1180, and an operation 1160 that are sequentially performed. The operation 1110 can be described by referring to the above embodiment, and will not be described in detail here. In the operation 1170, a first insulating adhesive is applied to cover a part of the electrode bar 934 and a part of the signal transmission part 932 to form an inner layer protective film 922. In the operation 1180, the part of the electrode bar 934, the part of the signal transmission part 932, and the inner layer protective film 922 are passed through a tubular hole of the insulating protection tube 920. In operation 1160, a second insulating adhesive is filled into the tubular hole and between the inner layer protective film 922 and the insulating protective tube 920 to fill the gap, thereby achieving the effect of preventing electrolyte from seeping out.

[0038] The electrode elements of Figures 10A, 10B, 10C, and 10D may be manufactured by referring to the embodiments of Figures 9A, 9B, 9C, and 9D, respectively. The manufacturing method of the electrode element described above has a simple process, can reduce the manufacturing cost of the electrode element, and can improve the reliability of the electrode element.

[0039] The features of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to experimental examples. The following examples are described, but the materials used, their amounts and ratios, processing details, processing processes, etc. can be appropriately changed without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the present disclosure should not be interpreted as being limited by the following examples.

[0040] Experimental example: Measurement of the battery capacity of a flow battery

[0041] Charging and discharging are performed by the flow battery system 100 shown in FIG. 1, the flow battery FB is a vanadium flow battery, and the battery monitoring unit 140 of the battery monitoring device MD is coupled to the positive electrode electrolyte tank 120 via the first liquid supply line P5 and the first liquid drain line P6, and is coupled to the negative electrode electrolyte tank 130 via the second liquid supply line P7 and the second liquid drain line P8. For an embodiment of the positive electrode element and the negative electrode element in the battery monitoring unit 140, refer to FIG. 9C, where the signal transmission part 912 is a copper wire, the electrode rod 914 is a platinum rod, the inner layer protective film 922 is a polyvinyl chloride layer, and the insulating protective tube 920 is a polyvinyl chloride tube. A voltage measurement unit 148 for measuring the open circuit voltage of the battery monitoring unit 140 is externally attached to the battery monitoring unit 140. During the measurement, the flow rate of the electrolyte can be adjusted by the first valve V1 and / or the second valve V2. FIG. 12 is a diagram showing the voltage-time relationship of a flow battery according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 13 is a diagram showing the voltage-time relationship of a battery monitoring device according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. When the load 150 changes during discharge, the voltage of the flow battery FB fluctuates as shown in FIG. 12, but as shown in FIG. 13, the voltage of the battery monitoring device MD is not affected by the load 150. FIG. 14 is a diagram showing the power-time relationship of a flow battery according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 15 is a diagram showing the voltage-time relationship of a battery monitoring device according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. The battery capacity of the flow battery FB can be calculated from the power of the flow battery FB in FIG. 14 and the open circuit voltage of the battery monitoring device MD in FIG. 15.

[0042] In view of the above, the present disclosure provides a flow battery system, a battery monitoring device for the flow battery system, an electrode element for the battery monitoring device, and a manufacturing method for the electrode element. The battery monitoring device of the present disclosure has a simple structural design, which can improve the reliability of its manufacturing process, extend its service life, and improve the reproducibility of the measurement of the battery capacity. When measuring the open circuit voltage, the voltage of the battery monitoring device is not affected by the load, so that the user can accurately grasp the battery capacity of the flow battery. Therefore, the user can precisely control the charging and discharging of the flow battery, thereby reducing the operating cost of the flow battery and extending the service life of the flow battery.

[0043] Although the present disclosure has been described in considerable detail with reference to certain embodiments, other embodiments are possible, and therefore, the spirit and scope of the appended claims should not be limited to the description of the embodiments contained herein.

[0044] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the structure of the present invention without departing from the scope or spirit of the present disclosure. In view of the foregoing, it is intended that the present invention cover all modifications and variations of the present invention that fall within the scope of the following claims. [Explanation of symbols]

[0045] 100: Flow battery system 110: Flow battery unit 112: Positive battery cell 114: Negative battery cell 116: Separator 120: Positive electrode electrolyte tank 130: Negative electrolyte tank 140, 140a, 140b, 140c: Battery monitoring unit 142: Positive end plate 146: Separator 144:Negative end plate 148: Voltage measuring unit 150: Load 210: Positive element 212: First signal transmission unit 220: Negative element 222: Second signal transmission unit 230, 810: first fixed element 240, 820: second fixed element 310, 330, 410, 430: Transparent pipe line 312, 412: scale 320, 420: Screw 510, 520: Screw fixing holes 610: First conductive sheet 620: Second conductive sheet 630: First elastic seal member 640: Second elastic seal member 812, 822: Fixed base 814, 824: Connection base 900a, 900b, 900c, 900d, 1000a, 1000b, 1000c, 1000d: electrode elements 912, 912', 932, 932': signal transmission section 914, 914', 934, 934': Electrode rod 920: Insulating protective tube 922, 922': Inner layer protective film 1100A, 1100B, 1100C, 1100D: Manufacturing method 1110, 1120, 1130, 1140, 1150, 1160, 1170, 1180: Operation C1: First chamber C2: Second chamber CT1: First annular groove CT2: Second annular groove FB: Flow battery H1: Positive element mounting hole H2: Negative element mounting hole L1, L2, L3, L4: Conductor MD:Battery monitoring device O1: First opening O2: 2nd opening P1: 1st liquid supply main pipe P2: First drainage main line P3: 2nd main liquid supply pipe P4: 2nd drainage main pipe P5: First liquid supply line P6: First liquid discharge line P7: Second liquid supply line P8: Second liquid discharge line PT1: First protrusion PT2: Second protrusion PU1: First pump PU2: Second pump T1: First end T2: Second end V1: First valve V2: Second valve V3: Third valve V4: Fourth valve S1: First outer surface S2: Second outer surface SC1: Positive electrode electrolyte supply flow path SC2: Negative electrode electrolyte supply flow path SD1: Positive electrode electrolyte discharge flow path SD2: Negative electrode electrolyte discharge flow path SP1, SP2: Non-linear part

Claims

1. A battery monitoring device for a flow battery system, comprising: a positive end plate defining a first chamber; a positive electrode electrolyte supply passage and a positive electrode electrolyte drain passage each penetrating the positive electrode end plate and communicating with the first chamber; a positive electrode element including a first electrode bar and a first signal transmission part that are connected to each other and pass through the positive electrode end plate and correspond to the first chamber, the positive electrode end plate having a first outer surface away from the first chamber, and the first signal transmission part being protruded from the first outer surface; a negative end plate defining a second chamber; a negative electrode electrolyte supply passage and a negative electrode electrolyte drain passage each penetrating the negative electrode end plate and communicating with the second chamber; a negative electrode element including a second electrode bar and a second signal transmission part that are connected to each other and pass through the negative electrode end plate and correspond to the second chamber, the negative electrode end plate having a second outer surface away from the second chamber, and the second signal transmission part being provided in a protruding manner on the second outer surface; a separator provided between the first chamber and the second chamber; A battery monitoring device for a flow battery system comprising:

2. a first conductive sheet provided between the separator and the positive electrode element; a second conductive sheet provided between the separator and the negative electrode element; The battery monitoring device of claim 1 further comprising:

3. 2. The battery monitoring device of claim 1, further comprising a first annular groove, a first elastic sealing member, a second annular groove, and a second elastic sealing member, wherein the first chamber has a first opening toward the separator, the first annular groove surrounds the first opening, and the first elastic sealing member is disposed within the first annular groove, the second chamber has a second opening toward the separator, the second annular groove surrounds the second opening, and the second elastic sealing member is disposed within the second annular groove.

4. A battery monitoring device as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a first fixing element and a second fixing element, wherein the positive electrode element is detachably fixed to the positive electrode end plate via the first fixing element, and the negative electrode element is detachably fixed to the negative electrode end plate via the second fixing element.

5. 2. The battery monitoring device of claim 1, wherein the positive electrode element further includes a first insulating protective tube covering a portion of the first electrode rod, the first electrode rod having a first protrusion protruding from the first insulating protective tube, and the negative electrode element further includes a second insulating protective tube covering a portion of the second electrode rod, the second electrode rod having a second protrusion protruding from the second insulating protective tube.

6. The battery monitoring device according to claim 5 , wherein at least one of the first protrusion and the second protrusion has a non-linear shape.

7. The battery monitoring device of claim 6 , wherein the non-linear shape is a curved shape, a spiral shape, a winding shape, or a combination thereof.

8. The battery monitoring device according to claim 5 , wherein the first insulating protective tube further covers a portion of the first signal transmission section, and the second insulating protective tube further covers a portion of the second signal transmission section.

9. 6. The battery monitoring device according to claim 5, wherein the first electrode rod has a first non-linear portion covered by the first insulating protective tube, and the second electrode rod has a second non-linear portion covered by the second insulating protective tube.

10. The battery monitoring device according to any one of claims 5 to 9, wherein the positive electrode element further includes a first inner layer protective film covering a portion of the first electrode rod, the first inner layer protective film being located between the first electrode rod and the first insulating protective tube, and the negative electrode element further includes a second inner layer protective film covering a portion of the second electrode rod, the second inner layer protective film being located between the second electrode rod and the second insulating protective tube.

11. A flow battery unit; a positive electrolyte tank configured to store a positive electrolyte and coupled to the flow battery unit; an anode electrolyte tank configured to store an anode electrolyte and coupled to the flow battery unit; The battery monitoring device according to claim 1 ; a first feed line coupled to the positive electrolyte reservoir and in communication with the positive electrolyte feed flow path; a second feed line coupled to the anode electrolyte reservoir and in communication with the anode electrolyte feed flow path; a first drain line communicating with the positive electrolyte drain flow path and coupled to the positive electrolyte tank; a second drain line communicating with the negative electrolyte drain flow path and coupled to the negative electrolyte tank; A flow battery system comprising:

12. 12. The flow battery system according to claim 11, wherein the positive electrode electrolyte tank is connected to the flow battery unit via a first main liquid supply line, the negative electrode electrolyte tank is connected to the flow battery unit via a second main liquid supply line, the first main liquid supply line communicates with the first main liquid supply line, the second main liquid supply line communicates with the second main liquid supply line, and pipe diameters of the first main liquid supply line and the second main liquid supply line are larger than pipe diameters of the first main liquid supply line and the second main liquid supply line, respectively.

13. 12. The flow battery system of claim 11, further comprising at least one valve in the first supply line, the second supply line, the first drain line, the second drain line, or a combination thereof.

14. The flow battery system according to any one of claims 11 to 13, wherein at least one of the first drainage pipeline and the second drainage pipeline includes a transparent pipeline.

15. 15. The flow battery system of claim 14, wherein the transparent conduit is substantially horizontal.

16. 15. The flow battery system of claim 14, wherein the transparent conduit is non-horizontal.

17. An electrode element for a battery monitoring device, comprising: A signal transmission unit; an electrode bar connected to the signal transmission unit and arranged to measure an open circuit voltage of the battery monitoring device; an insulating protective tube covering a portion of the electrode bar, the insulating protective tube having a first end and a second end, the first end facing the second end, the electrode bar having a first protrusion located outside the first end, and the signal transmission portion having a second protrusion located outside the second end; An electrode element for a battery monitoring device comprising:

18. 18. The electrode element according to claim 17, wherein the material of the electrode rod includes a carbon material, a carbon composite material, gold, platinum, or a combination thereof.

19. 18. The electrode element according to claim 17, wherein the material of the signal transmission portion includes copper, aluminum, nickel, silver, gold, platinum, an alloy of any of these metals, or a combination thereof.

20. The electrode element according to claim 17 , wherein the first protrusion has a non-linear shape.

21. 21. The electrode element of claim 20, wherein the non-linear shape is a curved shape, a spiral shape, a winding shape, or a combination thereof.

22. The electrode element according to claim 17 , wherein the insulating protective tube further covers a part of the signal transmission portion.

23. 18. The electrode element according to claim 17, wherein the electrode rod has a non-linear portion covered with the insulating protective tube.

24. The electrode element according to any one of claims 17 to 23, further comprising an inner layer protective film covering a portion of the electrode rod, the inner layer protective film being located between the portion of the electrode rod and the insulating protective tube.

25. 25. The electrode element according to claim 24, wherein the material of the inner protective film and the material of the insulating protective tube independently include polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, or a combination thereof.

26. A method for manufacturing an electrode element for a battery monitoring device, comprising the steps of: connecting an electrode bar and a signal transmission unit, and arranging the electrode bar to measure an open circuit voltage of the battery monitoring device; passing a portion of the electrode rod through a tubular hole of an insulating protective tube, the insulating protective tube having a first end and a second end, the first end facing the second end, and the electrode rod having a first protrusion located outside the first end; A method for manufacturing an electrode element for a battery monitoring device comprising the steps of:

27. 27. The manufacturing method according to claim 26, further comprising the step of filling an insulating adhesive into the tubular hole and between the part of the electrode rod and the insulating protective tube after the part of the electrode rod is passed through the tubular hole of the insulating protective tube.

28. 27. The manufacturing method according to claim 26, further comprising the step of applying an insulating adhesive to cover the portion of the electrode bar, or the portion of the electrode bar and a portion of the signal transmission portion, before passing the portion of the electrode bar through the tubular hole of the insulating protective tube.

29. The method of claim 26, further comprising passing a portion of the signal transmission portion through the tubular hole of the insulating protective tube.

30. 27. The manufacturing method according to claim 26, further comprising the steps of: connecting the electrode rod and the signal transmission part after the portion of the electrode rod is passed through the tubular hole of the insulating protective tube; and the signal transmission part has a second protrusion located outside the second end.

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