Speaker having rotational suspension device

Abstract

To provide a speaker having a rotational suspension device.SOLUTION: A speaker 10 comprises: a radiator 1; a basket 2; a magnetic circuit 3; and a ring 4 of ann elastomer material. The radiator 1 can be moved along a longer direction shaft X in order to generate a pressure wave, and forms a liner C from a space of the basket 2. The ring 4 is arranged into an inner part of the liner C so as to be contacted to a same shaft with the longer direction shaft X and an outer surface 101 of the radiator 1, and an inner surface 201 of the basket 2, and rotates thereon in accordance with a relative motion between the radiator 1 and the basket 2, and is moved to a longer direction.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2A-2C

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a speaker and a sound amplification method.

Background Art

[0002] Generally, a speaker includes an electromechanical conversion system for converting a variable electrical signal into a mechanical movement of a radiator in order to generate sound waves. These conversion systems include a magnetic element integrated with a fixed part of the sound diffuser and a movable magnetic element connected to the radiator for moving it. In particular, the movable magnetic element (coil or magnet) moves under the action of a magnetic field generated by the integrated magnetic element.

[0003] In this regard, there are two types of electromechanical conversion systems. According to the most common system, the so-called "moving coil", the integrated magnetic element is a permanent magnet and the movable magnetic element is a coil. The coil is excited by the electrical signal to be converted and moves according to its interaction with the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet. An example of a moving coil system is described in Patent Document US5014323A. Alternatively, according to a system known as "moving magnet", the integrated magnetic element consists of a fixed coil and the movable magnetic element is a magnet. The fixed coil is excited by an electrical signal and the movable magnet moves according to the magnetic field generated by the coil. An example of a moving magnet system is described in Patent Document EP2550724 in the name of the same applicant.

[0004] Generally, a speaker includes a suspension device connected between the radiator and the basket, enabling relative movement between them. However, the suspension device restricts movement between the radiator and the basket and is prone to frequent damage. To improve movement, it is possible to use a larger suspension device, but in this way, the overall dimensions of the speaker increase.

[0005] Patent document GB348425A describes a speaker including a suspension device formed by a tube disposed between a basket and a radiator, but even this document fails to meet the market needs.

[0006] Patent document EP4207809A1 by the same applicant describes a speaker including a guiding device made of a tube, but this guiding device cannot be used for a suspension device.

Summary of the Invention

[0007] An object of the present invention is to provide a speaker and a sound amplification method that overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art.

[0008] The above object is fully achieved by the speaker and the sound amplification method according to the present invention, as characterized in the appended claims.

[0009] In particular, the speaker includes a radiator. The radiator is movable along a longitudinal axis to generate a pressure wave.

[0010] The speaker includes a basket. The basket surrounds the radiator (centered on the longitudinal axis) and forms a liner or a hollow space between the radiator and the basket. In particular, the liner is defined by the inner surface of the basket and the outer surface of the radiator. In other words, the basket has an inner surface, that is, a surface facing towards the longitudinal axis, and the radiator has an outer surface facing in the opposite direction to the longitudinal axis. The inner surface and the outer surface cooperate to define the scope of the liner. The liner surrounds the longitudinal axis.

[0011] Preferably, the liner extends substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis. However, the liner can extend along other directions centered on the longitudinal axis. For example, the liner can extend in a conical shape along the longitudinal axis. In particular, the inner surface of the basket unfolds (substantially) parallel to the longitudinal axis, and the outer surface of the radiator unfolds (substantially) parallel to the longitudinal axis.

[0012] The radiator has an outer peripheral end. The outer peripheral end extends around the longitudinal axis. In one embodiment, the outer surface of the radiator protrudes from the outer peripheral end of the radiator towards the inside of the speaker. Specifically, the outer surface of the radiator protrudes from the outer peripheral end of the radiator towards the inside of the liner.

[0013] Preferably, the inner wall of the basket and the outer surface of the radiator have substantially the same extension around the longitudinal axis. In particular, the inner surface of the basket and the outer surface of the radiator extend around the longitudinal axis so as to define a uniform liner therebetween around the longitudinal axis.

[0014] Preferably, the inner surface of the basket and the outer surface of the radiator have substantially the same extension along the longitudinal axis. In particular, the inner surface of the basket and the outer surface of the radiator extend parallel to the longitudinal axis and have (substantially) the same height along the longitudinal axis. Preferably, the inner surface of the basket has a main extension direction parallel to the longitudinal axis, and the outer surface of the radiator has a main extension direction parallel to the longitudinal axis.

[0015] In one example, the liner can extend along an extension axis parallel to the longitudinal axis. The liner extends along the extension axis between an upper opening and a lower opening opposite the upper opening. Therefore, the inner surface of the basket and the outer surface of the radiator extend parallel to the extension axis of the liner.

[0016] In particular, the upper opening is proximal to the outer peripheral end of the radiator. The upper opening and the lower opening are aligned along the extension axis of the liner.

[0017] In one embodiment, the liner is open to the outer environment of the speaker. Specifically, the liner is open to the external environment through the upper opening. Therefore, the upper opening connects the liner and the external environment of the speaker.

[0018] In other words, the liner is open to the external environment of the speaker at the outer peripheral end. The jacket is open to the internal environment of the speaker through the lower opening. Therefore, the bottom opening connects the liner and the internal environment of the speaker.

[0019] The liner is open to the external environment of the speaker. In this way, the radiator has the ability to move freely with respect to the longitudinal axis, allowing for greater movement. The speaker includes a magnetic circuit. Generally, the magnetic circuit is configured to generate a magnetic field and define a circulation path of the magnetic field.

[0020] In particular, the magnetic circuit defines a circulation path of the magnetic field. The magnetic circuit includes a fixed magnetic element. The fixed magnetic element is connected to the basket. The magnetic circuit includes a movable magnetic element connected to the radiator. The movable magnetic element is movable under the action of the magnetic field and moves the radiator according to the electrical signal to be converted. The movable magnetic element may include a movable magnet or a movable coil. The fixed magnetic element may include a fixed coil and / or one or more fixed magnets. The magnetic circuit may define a transducer.

[0021] According to one example, the movable magnetic element includes a movable coil, the fixed magnetic element includes one or more fixed magnets, the movable coil is configured to receive the electrical signal to be converted and generate a magnetic field according to the electrical signal, one or more fixed magnets are configured to generate a constant magnetic field, and the magnetic field generated by the coil and the constant magnetic field generated by one or more fixed magnets cooperate to generate a total magnetic field for moving the movable coil.

[0022] According to one example, the movable magnetic element includes one or more movable magnets, the fixed magnetic element includes a fixed coil, the fixed coil is configured to receive the electrical signal to be converted and generate a magnetic field according to the electrical signal, and one or more movable magnets are configured to move under the action of the generated magnetic field.

[0023] The speaker includes a ring. Generally, the ring is made of a deformable material. In particular, the ring is made of a plastic material, and more specifically, an elastomeric material. The ring is coaxial with the longitudinal axis and is disposed inside the liner. The ring contacts and rolls on the outer surface of the radiator and the inner surface of the basket. In particular, the ring moves in response to the relative movement between the radiator and the basket. Preferably, the ring moves longitudinally in response to the relative movement between the radiator and the basket. The purpose of the ring is to guide the movement of the radiator relative to the basket and to center the radiator with respect to the longitudinal axis.

[0024] The ring, made of a plastic (or elastomeric) material and deformable inside the liner, constitutes a rotary pneumatic sealing system.

[0025] Advantageously, the ring can be used instead of a classical suspension device disposed between the radiator and the basket at the outer peripheral end (outline or edge) of the radiator.

[0026] Under the condition that the radial dimensions of the speaker are equal, the ring allows for a greater movement between the radiator and the basket compared to a suspension device. In fact, in order to allow for a greater movement between the radiator and the basket, it is necessary to use a suspension device with a larger radial size, which requires reducing the size of the radiator. However, this factor significantly reduces the general performance of the speaker.

[0027] Furthermore, since the ring has a reduced radial size, the mass, and thus the total inertia of the system, is reduced, making it possible to obtain a greater acceleration and thus a better performance level.

[0028] Furthermore, the use of the ring is particularly advantageous in manufacturing non-axisymmetric speakers, such as square radiating pistons, for example those with rounded corners, or those with more complex shapes that may be difficult to manufacture with conventional suspension devices.

[0029] The ring is also easy to attach between the radiator and the basket, and unlike suspension devices, there is no need to use adhesives during assembly, so assembly and replacement are significantly simplified. Furthermore, the cost of the ring is relatively low and it can be manufactured by standard manufacturing methods such as those used for manufacturing O-rings.

[0030] According to one embodiment, the radiator comprises a flange. The flange extends along the longitudinal axis between a first end and a second end opposite the first end. The flange defines the outer surface of the radiator. Preferably, the flange extends parallel to the longitudinal axis. However, the flange may extend along a different direction with respect to the longitudinal axis, for example, transversely with respect to the longitudinal axis.

[0031] The flange surrounds the longitudinal axis. The radiator may have a conical shape (thus, the radiator may be a cone), or it may have a cylindrical shape (thus, the radiator may be a piston).

[0032] In one example, the flange is connected to the outer peripheral end of the radiator. The flange expands from the first end towards the inside of the speaker towards the second end. Therefore, the flange expands from the second end towards the outside of the speaker towards the first end. In other words, the first end is proximal to the external environment of the speaker, and the second end is distal to the external environment of the speaker. In particular, at the first end, the flange communicates with the outer environment of the speaker. The first end (at least partially) defines the upper opening of the liner.

[0033] In one embodiment, the speaker includes a main part (or diaphragm). The main part may have a conical shape (i.e., the main part may taper towards the longitudinal axis) or a planar shape (i.e., the main part may expand in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis). Specifically, the conical shape of the diaphragm defines a conical radiator, and the planar shape of the diaphragm defines a piston radiator.

[0034] In particular, the main part (diaphragm) defines an outer peripheral end (i.e., the outer peripheral end of the radiator). More specifically, the main part (diaphragm) is preferably connected to the flange of the radiator at the outer peripheral end of the main part and the first end of the flange.

[0035] Generally, the main part and the flange have different expansions (i.e., different inclinations with respect to the longitudinal axis) about the longitudinal axis. In particular, the flange expands parallel to the longitudinal axis, and the main part expands along a transverse direction with respect to the longitudinal axis (in the case of planar expansion, the direction is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis).

[0036] In one embodiment, the angle between the flange of the radiator and the main part is equal to 90 degrees or less than 90 degrees. Preferably, when the main part has a planar expansion, the main part and the flange form an angle equal to 90 degrees, and when the main part has a conical expansion, the main part and the flange form an angle less than 90 degrees. It is recognized that this angle is evaluated between the inner surface of the radiator (opposite to the outer surface) and the main part of the radiator.

[0037] The expansion of the flange from the first end towards the inside of the speaker (or more specifically, the angle formed between the main part and the flange being equal to 90 degrees or less than 90 degrees) ensures the compactness of the speaker itself.

[0038] In one embodiment, the basket has a main portion that extends longitudinally (parallel to the longitudinal axis). Preferably, such a longitudinally extending main portion defines the inner surface of the basket (the inner surface of the basket defines the extent of the liner). The basket may have an auxiliary portion that extends parallel to the longitudinal axis. The main portion and the auxiliary portion are interconnected. In particular, the auxiliary portion is substantially at the same height as the outer peripheral end of the radiator (in particular, the outer peripheral end of the main portion of the radiator). The auxiliary portion of the basket may have mounting holes for mounting a speaker (to an external support of the speaker).

[0039] When the main portion of the radiator has a planar expansion, the main portion of the radiator and the auxiliary portion of the basket expand along the same plane, and in particular, the main portion of the radiator and the auxiliary portion of the basket are at the same height along the longitudinal axis.

[0040] According to one example, the speaker comprises an outer peripheral end (i.e., the said outer peripheral end) arranged on a plane transverse to the longitudinal axis, preferably at a first end of the flange. The outer peripheral end protrudes towards the inside of the liner. The outer peripheral end may be provided on the radiator and / or the basket. Preferably, at the first end of the flange (i.e., at the outer peripheral end), the radiator and the basket are separated from each other by an air volume open to the external environment.

[0041] The radiator may comprise an outline. The outline may extend around the longitudinal axis so as to have a shape such as circular, square, rectangular (with or without rounded corners), which is uniform or elongated along the axis. The flange may be provided on the outline of the radiator. The flange extends along the longitudinal axis corresponding to the outline shape of the radiator.

[0042] According to one example, at the first end of the flange, the radiator and the basket are separated from each other by an air volume open to the external environment. Thus, the ring separates the liner into a first space, i.e., an air volume open to the external environment, and a second space, i.e., an air volume isolated from the external environment.

[0043] According to one example, the outline of the radiator defines the outer peripheral end of the amplifier. According to one embodiment, the outer peripheral end protrudes from the flange towards the inside of the liner at the first end of the flange. The outer peripheral end is separated from the basket by an air volume open to the external environment.

[0044] According to one example, the basket comprises an outer peripheral end disposed on a plane transverse to the longitudinal axis. The outer peripheral end may protrude towards the inside of the liner at the first end of the flange (or the outer peripheral end of the radiator). The outer peripheral end of the basket is separated from the radiator (especially from the first end of the flange or from the outer peripheral end of the radiator) by an air volume open to the external environment.

[0045] According to one embodiment, the speaker comprises a further outer peripheral end. The further outer peripheral end is disposed on a further plane transverse to the longitudinal axis. Preferably, the further outer peripheral end is disposed at the second end of the flange or at a point (e.g., a midpoint) between the first end and the second end. The further outer peripheral end may be provided on the flange of the radiator or inside the basket. The further outer peripheral end protrudes towards the inside of the liner. The ring is preferably configured to roll between the outer peripheral end and the further outer peripheral end along the longitudinal axis. For this reason, the outer peripheral end and the further outer peripheral end respectively constitute the starting point and the ending point of the ring.

[0046] The liner has a width, i.e., a radial width. The width is defined radially with respect to the longitudinal axis. The radial width is the width between the inner surface of the basket and the outer surface of the radiator. The radial width extends along the longitudinal axis such that it tapers towards the first end (i.e., the outer peripheral end) and the second end (i.e., the further outer peripheral end) of the flange. In other words, the (radial) width of the liner is greater at a stationary point between the first end and the second end of the flange (i.e., between the outer peripheral end and the further outer peripheral end) and smaller at the first end and the second end (i.e., the outer peripheral end and the further outer peripheral end).

[0047] In this way, the ring is returned towards a point (the stationary point) between the first end and the second end, i.e., between the outer peripheral end and the further outer peripheral end.

[0048] According to one example, the outer surface of the radiator and / or the inner surface of the basket has a concave shape such that it tapers the radial width of the liner towards the first end (outer peripheral end) and the second end (further outer peripheral end) of the flange (i.e., such that the radial width of the liner tapers towards the first end and the second end of the flange).

[0049] For this reason, the concave shape defines a seat for the rolling of the ring. According to one example, the radiator, i.e., the flange of the radiator, can be manufactured integrally with the concave shape, for example by injection molding.

[0050] According to one embodiment, the ring is installed fluid-tightly within the liner, as a result of which the ring blocks the liner and divides the liner into a zone proximal to the external environment (i.e., the first space, i.e., the space open towards the external environment) and a zone distal to the external environment (i.e., the second space, i.e., the space isolated from the external environment).

[0051] According to one example, the ring is arranged within the liner such that it is compressed by a predetermined amount with respect to the stationary position along a direction transverse to the longitudinal axis.

[0052] According to an embodiment in which the width of the liner becomes narrower toward the first end and the second end of the flange, the ring is returned toward the zone where the radial width of the liner is larger.

[0053] According to one embodiment, the fixed magnetic element and the basket define a fixed structure, and the radiator and the movable magnetic element define a movable unit. The speaker may include a guiding device configured to guide the alternating longitudinal movement of the movable unit.

[0054] The guiding device preferably includes an inner surface extending around a guiding axis oriented in the longitudinal direction. The guiding device includes an outer surface extending around the guiding axis and surrounding the inner surface to define a gap.

[0055] The guiding device includes a ring-shaped element, preferably a spring. The spring closes itself to form a ring. The spring is disposed in the gap in contact with the inner surface and the outer surface of the guiding device, and rolls and moves, preferably longitudinally, thereon in response to the relative movement between the inner surface and the outer surface.

[0056] The inner surface of the guiding device may be connected to the fixed structure and the outer surface of the guiding device may be connected to the movable unit, or the inner surface of the guiding device may be connected to the movable unit and the outer surface of the guiding device may be connected to the fixed structure.

[0057] According to one embodiment, the speaker includes an external body. The external body may extend between a first end and a second end opposite to the first end. The external body may extend longitudinally. The external body may define a support for the movable coil or the movable magnet, that is, the movable coil or the movable magnet may be connected to the external body. According to an example, the radiator includes a cone, and the external body may be connected to the cone of the radiator. According to an example, the external body is provided on the radiator. For example, the external body may constitute a portion having the longitudinal development of the radiator.

[0058] According to one example, the external body defines the outer surface of the guide device.

[0059] According to one embodiment, the speaker comprises a further ring. The features regarding the ring according to the present invention should be considered applicable also to the further ring.

[0060] Preferably, the further ring is made of an elastomeric material, is coaxial with the longitudinal axis and is disposed inside the liner, contacts the outer surface of the radiator and the inner surface of the basket, rolls on them and moves longitudinally in response to the relative movement between the radiator and the basket. The ring and the further ring define a pair of rings. The further ring, together with the ring, serves the purpose of weakening the locking phenomenon.

[0061] According to one embodiment, the speaker comprises an intermediate outer peripheral end provided in the radiator (in particular on the outer surface of the radiator) or in the basket (in particular on the inner surface of the basket). The intermediate outer peripheral end protrudes towards the inside of the liner. The intermediate outer peripheral end is located between the outer peripheral end and the further outer peripheral end. In particular, the ring is disposed between the outer peripheral end and the intermediate outer peripheral end and rolls between the outer peripheral end and the intermediate outer peripheral end. The further ring is disposed between the further outer peripheral end and the intermediate outer peripheral end and rolls between the intermediate outer peripheral end and the further outer peripheral end.

[0062] The present invention also provides a sound amplification method.

[0063] The method includes the step of providing a radiator. The radiator is movable along a longitudinal axis to generate a pressure wave. The radiator can be manufactured according to one or more of the features according to the present invention.

[0064] The method includes the step of preparing a basket. The basket can be manufactured according to one or more of the features of the present invention. The basket surrounds a radiator (centered on the longitudinal axis) and forms a liner between the radiator and the basket. In particular, the liner is delimited by the inner surface of the basket and the outer surface of the radiator. The liner can be manufactured according to one or more of the features of the present invention.

[0065] The method includes the step of preparing a magnetic circuit. The magnetic circuit can be manufactured according to one or more of the features of the present invention. In particular, the magnetic circuit defines a circulation path of a magnetic field. The magnetic circuit includes a fixed magnetic element connected to the basket. The magnetic circuit includes a movable magnetic element connected to the radiator.

[0066] The method includes the step of generating a magnetic field according to the electrical signal to be converted.

[0067] The method includes the step of moving the movable magnetic element according to the generated magnetic field in order to move the radiator along the longitudinal axis.

[0068] The method includes the step of rolling a ring. The ring can be manufactured according to one or more of the features of the present invention. In particular, the ring is made of a deformable material, in particular a plastic material, more specifically an elastomeric material. The ring is arranged coaxially with the longitudinal axis and inside the liner. In particular, the ring rolls on the outer surface of the radiator and on the inner surface of the basket and moves (in the longitudinal direction) in response to the relative movement between the radiator and the basket.

[0069] According to one embodiment, the radiator comprises a flange, i.e., the method comprises the step of providing a flange to the radiator. The flange extends longitudinally along the longitudinal axis between a first end and a second end opposite the first end. The flange defines the outer surface of the radiator. Preferably, the flange extends parallel to the longitudinal axis. However, the flange may extend along a different direction with respect to the longitudinal axis, for example, transversely with respect to the longitudinal axis. The flange surrounds the longitudinal axis. The radiator may have a conical shape (thus, the radiator may be a cone), or may have a cylindrical shape (thus, the radiator may be a piston).

[0070] According to an example, the method includes the step of providing an outer peripheral end. The outer peripheral end may be formed according to one or more features of the present invention. The outer peripheral end is disposed on a plane transverse to the longitudinal axis, preferably at the first end of the flange of the radiator. The outer peripheral end protrudes towards the inside of the liner. The outer peripheral end may be provided on the radiator and / or the basket.

[0071] Preferably, the outer peripheral end is separated from the basket by an air volume open to the external environment, for example, at the first end of the flange (i.e., at the outer peripheral end).

[0072] According to an example, the method includes the step of providing a further outer peripheral end. The further outer peripheral end may be formed according to one or more features of the present invention. The further outer peripheral end is disposed on a further plane transverse to the longitudinal axis, preferably at the second end of the flange, or may be disposed at a point (e.g., a midpoint) between the first end and the second end. The further outer peripheral end may be provided on the inner surface of the flange of the radiator or the basket. The further outer peripheral end protrudes towards the inside of the liner. The method may include the step of rolling a ring, preferably along the longitudinal axis, between the outer peripheral end and the further outer peripheral end. For this purpose, the outer peripheral end and the further outer peripheral end respectively constitute the starting point and the ending point of the ring.

[0073] The liner has a width, i.e., a radial width. The width is defined radially with respect to the longitudinal axis. The radial width is the width between the inner surface of the basket and the outer surface of the radiator. The radial width extends along the longitudinal axis so as to decrease towards the first end (i.e., the outer peripheral end) and the second end (i.e., the further outer peripheral end) of the flange. In other words, the (radial) width of the liner is greater at a stationary point between the first end and the second end of the flange (i.e., between the outer peripheral end and the further outer peripheral end) and smaller at the first end and the second end (i.e., the outer peripheral end and the further outer peripheral end). The method may include the step of returning the ring towards a point (stationary point) between the first end and the second end, i.e., between the outer peripheral end and the further outer peripheral end.

[0074] According to an example, the outer surface of the radiator and / or the inner surface of the basket has a concave shape so as to decrease the radial width of the liner towards the first end (outer peripheral end) and the second end (further outer peripheral end) of the flange (i.e., so that the radial width of the liner decreases towards the first end and the second end of the flange).

[0075] The method may include the step of compressing a ring inside the liner by a predetermined amount along a direction transverse to the longitudinal axis with respect to a stationary position. The ring is compressed by a smaller amount in the zone where the radial width of the zone is the largest and is thus returned towards the zone with a larger radial width.

[0076] According to one embodiment, the fixed magnetic element and the basket define a fixed structure, and the radiator and the movable magnetic element define a movable unit. The invention may include the step of guiding the longitudinal movement of the movable unit by a guiding device. The guiding device may be manufactured according to one or more of the features according to the invention. The guiding device preferably comprises an inner surface extending around a guiding axis oriented in the longitudinal direction. The guiding device comprises an outer surface extending around the guiding axis and surrounding the inner surface to define a gap.

[0077] The method may include the step of providing a ring-shaped element, preferably a spring. The spring closes on itself to form a ring. The spring is disposed in a gap in contact with an inner surface and an outer surface. The guiding step can be performed by rolling and moving the spring, preferably moving it longitudinally, on the inner and outer surfaces in response to relative movement between the inner and outer surfaces. The inner surface may be connected to a fixed structure and the outer surface may be connected to a movable unit, or the inner surface may be connected to a movable unit and the outer surface may be connected to a fixed structure.

[0078] According to one embodiment, the method includes the step of providing an external body. The external body may extend between a first end and a second end opposite the first end. The external body may extend longitudinally. The external body may define a support for a movable coil or a movable magnet, i.e., the movable coil or the movable magnet may be connected to the external body. According to an example, the radiator comprises a cone, and the external body may be connected to the cone of the radiator. According to an example, the external body is provided on the radiator. For example, the external body may constitute a longitudinally developed portion of the radiator. According to an example, the external body defines an outer surface of a guiding device.

[0079] According to one embodiment, the method includes the step of rolling a further ring. The features related to the ring according to the present invention should be considered applicable to the further ring as well.

[0080] Preferably, the further ring is made of a plastic material, is coaxial with the longitudinal axis and is disposed inside the liner, between the outer surface of the radiator and the inner surface of the basket, and moves longitudinally in response to relative movement between the radiator and the basket.

[0081] The ring and the further ring define a pair of rings.

[0082] According to one embodiment, the method includes the step of providing an intermediate outer peripheral end provided in the radiator (particularly on the outer surface of the radiator) or in the basket (particularly on the inner surface of the basket). The intermediate outer peripheral end protrudes towards the inside of the liner. The intermediate outer peripheral end is located between the outer peripheral end and a further outer peripheral end. In particular, a ring is disposed between the outer peripheral end and the intermediate outer peripheral end and rolls between the outer peripheral end and the intermediate outer peripheral end. A further ring is disposed between the further outer peripheral end and the intermediate outer peripheral end so as to roll between the intermediate outer peripheral end and the further outer peripheral end.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0083] These and other features of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of its preferred non-limiting exemplary embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1A.2A

Fig. 1B-1C.2B-2C.3A-3B

Fig. 4A-4D

Fig. 5A-5C

Fig. 6A-6G

Mode for Carrying Out the Invention

[0084] The numeral 10 in the accompanying drawings indicates a speaker. The speaker 10 includes a radiator 1. The radiator 1 is movable along the longitudinal axis X so as to generate a pressure wave. The speaker 10 includes a basket 2. The speaker 10 includes a magnetic circuit 3 configured to generate a magnetic field and defining a circulation path of the magnetic field.

[0085] The magnetic circuit 3 includes a fixed magnetic element 301 connected to the basket 2. The magnetic circuit 3 includes a movable magnetic element 302 connected to the radiator 2, which is movable under the action of a magnetic field and moves the radiator 2 according to the electrical signal to be converted. The movable magnetic element 302 may include one or more magnets or coils.

[0086] The fixed magnetic element 301 may include a coil. The coil includes a plurality of coils wound around a bobbin, and preferably, the bobbin coincides with the longitudinal axis X. The coil is configured to generate a magnetic field when the electrical signal to be converted passes through it. The magnetic circuit 3 defines the transducer of the speaker 10. The fixed magnetic element 301 includes a central core 301A and an outer core 301B. The central core 301A extends along the longitudinal axis X between a first end proximal to the radiator 1 and a second end opposite to the first end. The outer core 301B is disposed outside the central core 301A so as to define an air gap T in which a movable coil or a movable magnet (i.e., one or more movable magnets) can move longitudinally. The outer core 301B is connected to the inner core 301A, preferably to the second end of the inner core 301A, directly or indirectly. The inner core 301A and the outer core 301B are configured to allow the circulation of the magnetic field inside the ferromagnetic circuit 3.

[0087] (Generated by the coil) The generated magnetic field interacts with the inner core 301A and the outer core 301B (i.e., circulates inside the inner core 301A and the outer core 301B). The coil (in the case of a movable coil) or one or more magnets (in the case of movable magnets) interact with the magnetic field so as to move longitudinally inside the air gap T.

[0088] The basket 2 surrounds the radiator 1 about the longitudinal axis X so as to form a liner C between the radiator 1 and the basket 2. In particular, the liner C is delimited by the inner surface 201 of the basket 2 (i.e., the inner surface 201 facing the longitudinal axis X) and the outer surface 101 of the radiator 1 (i.e., the outer surface 101 facing in the opposite direction to the longitudinal axis X). The liner C extends parallel to the longitudinal axis X.

[0089] In particular, the radiator 1 comprises a flange 102 that extends along the longitudinal axis X between a first end 102A and a second end 102B opposite the first end 102A and defines the outer surface 101 of the radiator 1.

[0090] The speaker 10 comprises a ring 4 made of an elastomeric material. The ring 4 is coaxial with the longitudinal axis X and is disposed inside the liner C in contact with the outer surface 101 of the radiator 1 and the inner surface 201 of the basket 2, and rolls thereon in response to relative movement between the radiator 1 and the basket 1.

[0091] The radiator 1 comprises an outer peripheral end 103 disposed on a plane transverse to the longitudinal axis X at the first end 102A of the flange 102. The outer peripheral end 103 protrudes towards the inside of the liner C. For example, the outer peripheral end 103 is connected to the outline of the radiator 1. At the first end 102A of the flange 102, the radiator 1 and the basket 2 are separated from each other by an air volume open to the external environment.

[0092] The radiator 1 comprises a further outer peripheral end 104 disposed on a further plane transverse to the longitudinal axis X. The plane and the further plane are parallel to each other. The further outer peripheral end 104 is located at the second end 102B of the flange 102. The further outer peripheral end 103 protrudes towards the inside of the liner C.

[0093] The ring 4 is configured to roll inside the liner C between the outer peripheral end 103 and the further outer peripheral end 104. For this reason, the outer peripheral end 103 and the further outer peripheral end 104 define the start point and the end point of the ring 4, respectively.

[0094] The liner C has a radial width extending along the longitudinal axis X between the inner surface 201 of the basket 2 and the outer surface 101 of the radiator 1 so as to shrink toward the outer peripheral end 103 and the further outer peripheral end 104. The liner C has a maximum radial width at a point between the outer peripheral end 103 and the further outer peripheral end 104, and the point included defines an equilibrium point where the ring 4 is returned.

[0095] According to an example, the outer surface 101 of the radiator 1 and / or the inner surface 201 of the basket has a concave shape so as to shrink the radial width of the liner C toward the outer peripheral end 103 and the further outer peripheral end 104.

[0096] The ring 4 is installed in the liner C in a fluid-tight manner, whereby the ring 4 blocks the liner C and divides the liner C into a zone proximal to the external environment and a zone distal to the external environment. Further, the ring 4 is arranged inside the liner C so as to be compressed by a predetermined amount with respect to the stationary position along the direction crossing the longitudinal axis X. For this reason, when moving between the outer peripheral end 103 and the further outer peripheral end 104, the ring 4 receives a return force that arranges the ring 4 at a position where the radial width of the liner C is maximum.

[0097] Speaker 10 may include a further ring 4' made of an elastomeric material. The further ring 4' is coaxial with the longitudinal axis X and is disposed inside the liner C in contact with the outer surface 101 of the radiator 1 and the inner surface 201 of the basket 2, and rolls on them and moves longitudinally in response to the relative movement between the radiator 1 and the basket 2. For this reason, the ring 4 and the further ring 4' move together and define a pair of rings. The radiator 1 may include an intermediate outer peripheral end 105 disposed on an intermediate plane transverse to the longitudinal axis X. The intermediate plane is parallel to the plane and the further plane. The intermediate outer peripheral end 104 is located between the outer peripheral end 103 and the further outer peripheral end 104. In this case, the ring 4 is located between the outer peripheral end 103 and the intermediate outer peripheral end 104, and the further ring 4' is located between the intermediate outer peripheral end 105 and the further outer peripheral end 104. The ring 4 rolls between the outer peripheral end 103 and the intermediate outer peripheral end 105, and the ring 4' rolls between the intermediate outer peripheral end 105 and the further outer peripheral end 104.

[0098] According to an example, the liner C has a radial width extending along the longitudinal axis X between the inner surface 201 of the basket 2 and the outer surface 101 of the radiator 1 so as to shrink towards the outer peripheral end 103, the intermediate outer peripheral end 105, and the further outer peripheral end 104. The liner C has a maximum radial width at a first point between the outer peripheral end 103 and the intermediate outer peripheral end 105 and at a second point between the intermediate outer peripheral end 105 and the further outer peripheral end 104. The first point defines an equilibrium point to which the ring 4 is returned, and the second point defines an equilibrium point to which the further ring 4' is returned.

[0099] According to an example, the outer surface 101 of the radiator 1 and / or the inner surface 201 of the basket has a concave shape so as to shrink the radial width of the liner C towards the outer peripheral end 103, towards the further outer peripheral end 104, and towards the intermediate outer peripheral end 105.

[0100] Further rings are also arranged fluid-tightly within the liner C. In this way, the ring 4 and the further ring 4' block the liner C and divide the liner C into a zone proximal to the external environment, a zone distal to the external environment, and an intermediate zone between the proximal zone and the distal zone. The further ring 4' may also be arranged inside the liner C so as to be compressed by a predetermined amount with respect to the rest position along a direction transverse to the longitudinal axis X. For this reason, when moving between the intermediate outer peripheral end 105 and the further outer peripheral end 104, the further ring 4' is subject to a restoring force that positions the further ring 4' at the position where the radial width of the liner C is maximum (i.e., the second point).

[0101] According to one embodiment, the speaker 10 comprises an external body 106 extending between a first end and a second end opposite the first end. The external body 106 extends longitudinally. The external body 106 may define a support for the movable coil or the movable magnet, i.e., the movable coil or the movable magnet may be connected to the external body 106. According to an example, the radiator 1 comprises a cone, and the external body 106 may be connected to the cone of the radiator.

[0102] According to an example, the external body 106 is provided on the radiator 1. For example, the external body 106 may constitute a portion having the longitudinal development of the radiator 1. The external body 106 may be partially inserted inside the air space T.

[0103] The speaker 10 may comprise a spider 5 positioned between the longitudinal portion 106, i.e., the external body, and the basket. The spider 5 is configured to center the radiator 1 and the basket 2 along the longitudinal axis X.

[0104] According to one embodiment, the fixed magnetic element 301 (i.e., the inner core 301A, the outer core 301B, and the coil 301B in the case of being fixed) defines a fixed structure together with the basket 2. According to an example, the movable magnetic element 302 (i.e., the movable coil or the movable magnet) defines a movable unit together with the radiator 1.

[0105] The movable unit reciprocates along the longitudinal axis X. The speaker 10 may include a guide device configured to guide the alternating longitudinal movement of the movable unit. The guide device includes an inner surface 601 extending around a longitudinally directed guide shaft G. The guide device includes an outer surface 602 extending around the guide shaft G and defining a gap I surrounding the inner surface 601. The guide device includes a spring 603 that closes itself to form a ring, is disposed in the gap I in contact with the inner surface 601 and the outer surface 602 of the guide device, and rolls on them and moves longitudinally in response to relative movement between the inner surface 601 and the outer surface 302.

[0106] The inner surface 601 of the guide device may be connected to a fixed structure and the outer surface 602 of the guide device may be connected to the movable unit, or the inner surface 601 of the guide device may be connected to the movable unit and the outer surface 602 of the guide device may be connected to a fixed structure. Preferably, the inner surface 601 of the guide device is connected to a fixed structure and the outer surface 602 is connected to the movable unit.

[0107] According to one embodiment, the external body 106 may define the outer surface 602 of the guide device. The outer core 301B of the magnetic circuit 3 may define the inner surface 601 of the guide device. The external body 106 may form part of the movable unit.

[0108] According to the exemplary embodiments shown merely by way of example in FIGS. 6A-6G, the fixed coil 301C includes a plurality of straight portions, in particular, a first straight portion 301Ca, a second straight portion 301Cb, a third straight portion 301Cc and a fourth straight portion 301Cd. The first straight portion 301Ca, the second straight portion 301Cb, the third straight portion 301Cc and the fourth straight portion 301Cd are all connected together by curved connection sections. The straight portions are paired and face each other. The straight portions are located on the same plane transverse to the longitudinal axis X and are symmetrically arranged with respect to the longitudinal axis X. According to the illustrated example, the straight portions define a quadrilateral on the same plane transverse to the longitudinal axis X.

[0109] The outer core 301B of the ferromagnetic circuit 301 may include a plurality of parts, in particular, a first part 301Ba, a second part 301Bb, a third part 301Bc, and a fourth part 301Bd. The plurality of parts of the outer core 301B may be separated from each other. The plurality of parts of the outer core 301B are arranged laterally with respect to the plurality of straight portions of the fixed coil 301C so as to define a plurality of gaps T.

[0110] The transducer 100 may include a plurality of magnets, in particular, a first magnet 302a, a second magnet 302b, a third magnet 302c, and a fourth magnet 302d. Each magnet of the plurality of magnets is disposed in a corresponding one of the plurality of gaps T defined by the plurality of straight portions of the coil 301C and the plurality of parts of the outer core 301B. Each magnet of the plurality of magnets is movable within the air gap T along its respective moving direction parallel to the longitudinal axis X.

[0111] Therefore, when the coil 301B is excited to generate a magnetic field, the movement of the plurality of magnets is induced along their respective moving directions. Due to the movement of the magnets, the radiator 1 to which the transducer 100 is connected vibrates. The magnets are coupled to each other by respective angular elements 60 located at the connecting sections of the curves of the coil 301C so as to form a rigid structure movable along the longitudinal direction X. In particular, the rigid structure allows movement along the longitudinal direction X while not allowing movement along a direction transverse to the longitudinal direction X (i.e., along any direction transverse to the longitudinal direction X).

[0112] Each magnet has a deployment transverse to the longitudinal axis X between a first end and a second end, and at both ends, each magnet has an S pole and an N pole.

[0113] The acoustic transducer 100 includes four guiding devices, each of which is coupled to the angular element 60. Each guiding device includes an outer surface 602 defined by the angular element 60. The angular element 60 defines an external body for the amplifier 10. The outer surface 602 extends around a guiding axis G parallel to the longitudinal axis X.

[0114] Converter 100 includes an upper hemisphere 7a and a lower hemisphere 7b. Each guide device has an inner surface 601. The inner surface 601 is defined by the upper hemisphere 7a. In particular, the upper hemisphere 7a includes four longitudinal portions 71 that are inserted inside the angular element 60 and define the inner surface 601 for the guide device. Accordingly, the inner surface 601 extends around the guide axis G. The outer surface 602 surrounds the inner surface 601 so as to define a gap I. Each guide device includes an elastic element 603, preferably a spring, that rolls on them, moves longitudinally in response to relative movement between the inner surface 601 and the outer surface 602, contacts the inner surface 601 and the outer surface 602, is disposed in the gap I, and closes itself to form a ring. The upper hemisphere 7a is integrally connected to the inner core 301A of the ferromagnetic circuit 3. Accordingly, the inner surface 601 is connected to the inner core 301A via the upper hemisphere 7a. The angular element 60 is integrally connected to a pair of magnets among the plurality of magnets. For this reason, the outer surface 602 is connected to the pair of magnets to which the angular element 60 is connected via the angular element 60. In this way, when the magnets move along their respective movement directions, the outer surface 602 moves integrally with the magnets, slides relative to the stationary inner surface 601, and the elastic element 603 rolls between the outer surface 602 and the inner surface 601.

[0115] According to an example, the inner core 301A includes a central portion 301Aa and a lateral portion 301Ab. The outer lateral portion 301Ab is separated from the outer core 301B by a plurality of gaps T. The lateral portion 301Ab has a high magnetic permeability zone close to the coil 301C. The high magnetic permeability zone is defined by a notch that crosses the longitudinal axis X so as to divide the central core 301A into an upper portion and a lower portion juxtaposed with the longitudinal axis X. According to an example, in the lower portion of the central core 301A, the central portion 301Aa and the lateral portion 301Ab define a sheet for the coil 301C.

[0116] The lateral portions 301Ab of the upper portion and the lower portion cooperate to form a notch region. The notch can surround the entire circumference of the coil 301C except for the points of the connecting section of the curve.

[0117] The straight portion of the coil 301C is arranged side by side with the central portion 301Aa of the core 301A and the side portion 301Ab of the core 301A.

[0118] The converter 100 includes a lower hemisphere 7b. The upper hemisphere 7a and the lower hemisphere 7b are juxtaposed with each other along the longitudinal axis X and are configured to hold a plurality of portions 301Ba, 301Bb, 301Bc, 301Bd of the outer core 301B.

[0119] The converter 100 may include a mechanical transmission system. The mechanical transmission is interposed between a corresponding magnet among the plurality of magnets 302a, 302b, 302c, 302d and the radiator 1, and may include a plurality of actuating elements 40 (that is, the first, second, third, and fourth actuating elements 40a, 40b, 40c, 40d) for moving the radiator 1 in the same direction or the opposite direction as the magnet. In this way, the movement of the magnet in one direction along each movement direction corresponds to the movement of the radiator 1 in the same direction or the opposite direction along the longitudinal axis X.

[0120] According to one aspect of the present invention, each actuating element 40 of the plurality of actuating elements includes a single rotating element 41. Each single rotating element 41 is pivotally attached at a connection point of corresponding portions of a plurality of portions that are part of the plurality of portions 301Ba, 301Bb, 301Bc, 301Bd of the outer core 301B. Each actuating element 40 is laterally connected to an angular element 60, whereby when the angular element 60 moves longitudinally, the actuating element (particularly the rotating element) rotates, and a mode is transmitted to the radiator 1 via a connection body 42.

Description of Reference Numerals

[0121] 10 Speaker 100 Converter 1 Radiator X Longitudinal axis 101 Outer surface of 1 102 Flange 102A First end of 102 102B Second end of 102 103 Outer peripheral end 104 Further outer peripheral end 105 Intermediate outer peripheral end 106 External body 2 Basket 201 Inner surface of 2 C Liner 3 Magnetic circuit 301 Fixed magnetic element 301A Central core 301B Outer core 301C Fixed coil T Air space 302 Movable magnetic element 4 Ring 4’ Further ring 5 Spider 601 Inner surface of guide device 602 Outer surface of guide device 603 Spring G Guide shaft I Gap 301Ca First straight portion of 301C 301Cb Second straight portion of 301C 301Cc Third straight portion of 301C 301Cd Fourth straight portion of 301C 301Ba First portion of 301B 301Bb Second portion of 301B 301Bc Third portion of 301B 301Bd Fourth portion of 301B 302a First magnet 302b Second magnet 302c Third magnet 302d Fourth magnet 60 Angular element 7a Upper hemisphere 7b Lower hemisphere 71 Longitudinal portion of upper hemisphere 7a 301Aa Central portion of central core 301A 301Ab Lateral portion of central core 301A 40 Actuating element 40a First actuating element 40b Second actuating element 40c Third actuating element 40d Fourth actuating element 41 Single actuating element 42 Connection body

Prior art documents

Patent documents

[0122]

Patent Document 1

Patent Document 2

Patent Document 3

Patent Document 4

Claims

1. A speaker, a radiator movable along a longitudinal axis to generate pressure waves; a basket surrounding the radiator so as to form a liner between the radiator and the basket, the liner being delimited by an inner surface of the basket and an outer surface of the radiator; a magnetic circuit defining a circulation path of a magnetic field, the magnetic circuit including a fixed magnetic element connected to said basket and a mobile magnetic element connected to said radiator and mobile under the action of said magnetic field, for moving said radiator according to the electric signal to be transformed; a ring of elastomeric material arranged inside the liner coaxially with the longitudinal axis and in contact with the outer surface of the radiator and the inner surface of the basket, rolling over them and moving longitudinally in response to the relative movement between the radiator and the basket.

2. 2. The speaker of claim 1, wherein the radiator comprises a flange running parallel to the longitudinal axis and extending between a first end and a second end opposite the first end, the flange defining the outer surface of the radiator.

3. 3. The loudspeaker of claim 2, wherein the radiator is disposed in a plane transverse to the longitudinal axis and has an outer peripheral edge at the first end of the flange protruding from the flange toward the inside of the liner, the outer peripheral edge being separated from the basket by an air space open to the outside environment.

4. 4. The loudspeaker of claim 3, wherein the radiator comprises a further outer peripheral edge disposed at the second end of the flange in a further plane transverse to the longitudinal axis and projecting towards the inside of the liner, the further outer peripheral edge being provided on the inner surface of the flange or the basket, and the ring is configured to roll along the longitudinal axis between the outer peripheral edge and the further outer peripheral edge.

5. 5. The loudspeaker of claim 4, wherein the liner has a radial width relative to the longitudinal axis, the radial width of the liner extending longitudinally decreasing toward the first and second ends of the flange.

6. 6. The loudspeaker of claim 5, wherein the outer surface of the radiator and the inner surface of the basket each have a concave shape to reduce the radial width of the liner toward the first and second ends of the flange.

7. 7. A loudspeaker as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the ring is mounted fluid-tight inside the liner such that the ring isolates the liner and divides it into a zone proximal to an external environment and a zone distal to the external environment.

8. 7. A loudspeaker as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the ring is mounted within the liner such that it is compressed a predetermined amount relative to a rest position along a direction transverse to the longitudinal axis.

9. The stationary magnetic element and the basket define a stationary structure, the radiator and the movable magnetic element define a movable working unit, and the speaker comprises: - a guide device configured to guide longitudinal reciprocating movement of the mobile working unit, the guide device including an inner surface extending about a longitudinally oriented guide axis, and an outer surface extending about the guide axis and surrounding the inner surface to define a gap; a spring that closes on itself to form a ring, the spring being arranged in the gap in contact with said inner and outer surfaces and rolling thereon and moving longitudinally in response to the relative movement between said inner and outer surfaces; The speaker of claim 1 , wherein the inner surface is connected to the fixed structure and the outer surface is connected to the movable working unit, or the inner surface is connected to the movable working unit and the outer surface is connected to the fixed structure.

10. 10. The loudspeaker of claim 9, comprising an outer body extending between a first end and a second end opposite the first end, the outer body extending in a longitudinal direction and defining the outer surface of the guide device.

11. 7. A loudspeaker as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising a further ring of elastomeric material arranged inside the liner coaxially with the longitudinal axis and in contact with the outer surface of the radiator and the inner surface of the basket, rolling thereon and moving longitudinally in response to relative movements between the radiator and the basket, the ring and the further ring defining a pair of rings.

12. A method for amplifying sound, comprising: - providing a radiator along a longitudinal axis and a basket surrounding the radiator so as to form a liner between the radiator and the basket, the liner being delimited by an inner surface of the basket and an outer surface of the radiator; - providing a magnetic circuit defining a circulation path of a magnetic field, the magnetic circuit including a fixed magnetic element connected to said basket and a mobile magnetic element connected to said radiator; - generating a magnetic field in response to an electrical signal to be transformed; - moving the mobile magnetic element in response to the generated magnetic field in order to move the radiator along the longitudinal axis; - rolling a ring of plastic material, coaxial with the longitudinal axis and arranged inside the liner, on the outer surface of the radiator and on the inner surface of the basket (2), said ring moving longitudinally in response to the relative movement between the radiator and the basket.

13. a flange running parallel to said longitudinal axis extends between a first end and a second end opposite said first end and defines said outer surface of said radiator; The method according to claim 12, wherein at the first end of the flange, an outer peripheral edge disposed in a plane transverse to the longitudinal axis and projecting from the flange towards the inside of the liner is separated from the basket by an air space open to the outside environment.

14. 14. The method of claim 13, wherein the radiator comprises a further outer peripheral edge at the second end of the flange, located in a further plane transverse to the longitudinal axis and projecting towards the inside of the liner, the further outer peripheral edge being provided on the flange or on an inner surface of the basket, and the ring rolling along the longitudinal axis between the outer peripheral edge and the further outer peripheral edge.

15. the stationary magnetic element and the basket define a stationary structure, the radiator and the movable magnetic element define a movable working unit, and the method further comprises: - guiding the longitudinal movement of the mobile working unit through a guide device having an inner surface extending about a longitudinally oriented guide axis and an outer surface extending about the guide axis and surrounding the inner surface to define a gap; providing a spring that closes on itself to form a ring, the spring being placed in the gap in contact with the inner and outer surfaces of the guide device, 15. The method of claim 12, wherein the guiding step occurs by rotating and longitudinally moving a spring on the inner and outer surfaces of the guiding device in response to relative movement between the inner and outer surfaces, the inner surface being connected to the fixed structure and the outer surface being connected to the mobile working unit, or the inner surface being connected to the mobile working unit and the outer surface being connected to the fixed structure.

16. 15. The method of claim 12, further comprising rolling a further ring of elastomeric material, coaxial with the longitudinal axis and disposed inside the liner, on the outer surface of the radiator and on the inner surface of the basket in response to relative movement between the radiator and the basket, the further ring moving longitudinally, the ring and the further ring defining a pair of rings.

17. A speaker, a radiator movable along a longitudinal axis to generate pressure waves; a basket surrounding the radiator so as to form a liner between the radiator and the basket, the liner being delimited by an inner surface of the basket and an outer surface of the radiator; a magnetic circuit defining a circulation path of a magnetic field, the magnetic circuit including a fixed magnetic element connected to said basket and a mobile magnetic element connected to said radiator and mobile under the action of said magnetic field, for moving said radiator according to the electric signal to be transformed; a ring of elastomeric material arranged inside the liner, coaxial with the longitudinal axis and in contact with the outer surface of the radiator and the inner surface of the basket, rolling thereon and moving longitudinally in response to the relative movement between the radiator and the basket; - a loudspeaker comprising an outer circumferential edge provided on the radiator and / or the basket, arranged in a plane transverse to the longitudinal axis and protruding towards the inside of the liner, at which the radiator and the basket are separated from each other by an air volume open to the outside environment.

18. 18. The speaker of claim 17, wherein the liner is open to an external environment through an upper opening and to the environment external to the speaker at the peripheral edge, the speaker comprising a jacket open to an internal environment of the speaker through a lower opening.

19. 18. The loudspeaker of claim 17, wherein the radiator comprises a flange running parallel to the longitudinal axis, extending between a first end and a second end opposite the first end and defining the outer surface of the radiator, the flange being connected to the outer peripheral edge of the radiator.

20. 20. The speaker of claim 19, wherein the first end of the flange is proximal to the external environment of the speaker and the second end of the flange is distal to the external environment of the speaker, at the first end the flange is in communication with the external environment of the speaker, and the first end of the flange at least partially defines an upper opening of the liner.

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