Excavation grapple device and hydraulic shovel

Abstract

To provide an excavation grapple device that is mounted on a hydraulic shovel and can grip trees in forest or the like and excavate sediment, which can largely open a bucket and a tongue on both sides around a tree when gripping the tree, can withstand a large load when excavating sediment, can smoothly push sediment up to the depth of the bucket, and improves excavation property.SOLUTION: A bucket grapple unit 31 of an excavation grapple device 30 includes: a bracket 32 provided on an arm and a link part; a base frame 34 which is turnably provided on the bracket 32 through a turning bearing 33 and acts as a body; a tongue 36 which is swingably provided on the base frame 34 through a shaft 35; and a movable tongue bucket 41 which is swingably provided on the base frame 34 through a shaft 42 so as to face the tongue 36.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to an excavation grapple device that is attached to a hydraulic excavator and is capable of gripping trees in forests and the like and digging up earth and sand. [Background technology]

[0002] Conventionally, work including so-called road making, such as excavating soil and sand, has been carried out by attaching a bucket to the tip of the arm of a hydraulic excavator, which is called heavy machinery or construction machinery, and using this bucket to excavate and level the soil and sand.

[0003] Furthermore, when laying roads in forests and the like, trees are felled (cut), cut to a prescribed length (bucked), and the trees are moved to a prescribed location before excavating the soil. Nowadays, hydraulic excavators are also used to move trees, and it would be convenient if a single excavation grapple device could excavate soil and grip and move trees. As an example of such an excavation grapple device that can both excavate soil and grip and move trees, an excavation grapple device (work machine) provided on a hydraulic excavator as described in Patent Document 1 is known.

[0004] The technology in Patent Document 1 involves a work machine attached to the tip of the arm of a hydraulic excavator, which is a shovel-type excavating machine. The work machine consists of a bucket body that is rotated by a hydraulic cylinder, frame-shaped gripping tongs pivotally attached at its base end to the bucket body, and a cylinder with one end attached to the bucket body and the other end attached to the gripping tongs, which operates to open and close the gripping tongs to the opening edge of the bucket body by extending and retracting. The opening edge of the bucket body and the inner edge of the gripping tongs are provided with uneven lower and upper blades, respectively, and with the gripping tongs closed, excavation work is performed with the bucket, and the gripping tongs are opened and closed to grab up cut trees.

[0005] Incidentally, when gripping a tree, if the bucket body and gripping tongs open widely on both sides around the tree, it becomes easier to grip the tree (so-called grappling becomes easier). In addition, when excavating soil, the digging teeth that bite into the soil first are subjected to a large load, so it is preferable if the part supporting the digging teeth can also withstand a large load. Furthermore, if the excavated soil can be smoothly pushed deep into the bucket along the bottom of the bucket, the load on the part supporting the digging teeth can be reduced.

[0006] However, in the work machine of Patent Document 1, although the gripping tongs open and close relative to the bucket body, the bucket body only rotates relative to the tip of the arm, so the bucket body can only rotate and open to the extent necessary for excavation, and when gripping a tree, the bucket body and gripping tongs cannot open widely on both sides around the tree, limiting the opening angle and making it difficult to grip the tree.

[0007] In addition, the gripping tongs, which are provided with excavation claws for excavating soil and sand, are located in front of the soil to be excavated, and the bucket body is located at the back, so when excavating soil and sand, a large load is placed on the gripping tongs, which bite into the soil and sand first. Since the gripping tongs are long members formed with an axis on the bucket body as a fulcrum, a large load is placed on the axis of the gripping tongs during excavation, which is undesirable. Furthermore, because the gripping tongs are located in front of the soil and sand to be excavated, the excavated soil and sand immediately get caught on the step at the boundary between the gripping tongs and the bucket body, and the soil and sand cannot be smoothly pushed into the bucket body located at the back, which reduces excavation performance. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0008] [Patent Document 1] Patent No. 2649703 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0009] In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to provide an excavation grapple device that can be attached to a hydraulic excavator and is capable of gripping trees in forests, etc., and excavating soil, which can open a bucket (movable tong bucket) and tongs wide on both sides around the tree when gripping it, and which can withstand large loads when excavating soil and can smoothly push soil to the back of the bucket (movable tong bucket), thereby improving excavation performance. [Means for solving the problem]

[0010] According to an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided an excavation grapple device including a bucket grapple unit that is attached to a hydraulic excavator and capable of gripping trees and digging soil and sand, The bucket grapple unit is characterized by comprising a base frame which serves as the main body, a tong which is swingably mounted on the base frame, a movable tong bucket which is swingably mounted on the base frame opposite the tong, and an opening / closing cylinder which opens and closes the tongs and the movable tong bucket.

[0011] According to this configuration, the bucket grapple unit of the excavation grapple device includes a tong swingably mounted on the base frame and a movable tong bucket swingably mounted on the base frame opposite the tong, so that the excavation grapple device itself can change its angle with respect to the arm, and the tongs and the movable tong bucket can be opened with respect to the base frame. Therefore, the excavation grapple device is mounted on a hydraulic excavator and can grip trees in forests and excavate soil, and when gripping a tree, the bucket (movable tong bucket) and the tongs can be opened widely on both sides of the tree.

[0012] Furthermore, the bucket grapple unit of the excavation grapple device is equipped with tongs that are swingably mounted on the base frame and a movable tong bucket that is swingably mounted on the base frame, so that when the movable tong bucket is closed, the movable tong bucket, which has a larger capacity, penetrates into the soil and performs excavation, rather than the elongated tongs, and therefore the soil can withstand large loads when excavating the soil and can be smoothly pushed deep into the movable tong bucket, improving excavation performance.

[0013] Preferably, the movable tong bucket is characterized in having a grapple portion provided on one side opposite the tongs for gripping the tree by clamping it with the tongs, and an excavation portion provided on the other side opposite the grapple portion for excavating the soil.

[0014] According to this configuration, the movable tong bucket is provided with a grapple portion on one side facing the tongs that grasps the tree by clamping it with the tongs. Therefore, when grasping a tree, the tree can be grasped with the grapple portion and tongs dedicated to grasping the tree, thereby improving the ease of grasping the tree.

[0015] Furthermore, the movable tong bucket is provided with an excavation section provided on the other side opposite the grapple section for excavating soil and sand, so that when excavating soil and sand, the excavation can be performed using an excavation section dedicated to excavating soil and sand, thereby improving the workability of excavating soil and sand.

[0016] Preferably, the present invention is characterized in that the excavator is equipped with the excavation grapple device.

[0017] With this configuration, since the hydraulic excavator is equipped with an excavation grapple device, the bucket (movable tong bucket) and tongs can be opened wide on both sides around the tree when gripping it, and when excavating soil, it can withstand large loads and smoothly push soil to the back of the bucket (movable tong bucket), improving excavation performance. Effect of the Invention

[0018] To provide an excavation grapple device which is mounted on a hydraulic shovel and capable of gripping trees in forests and excavating earth and sand, and which can open a movable tong bucket and tongs widely on both sides around the tree when gripping the tree, can withstand a large load when excavating earth and can smoothly push the earth to the back of the movable tong bucket, thereby improving excavation performance. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0019] [Figure 1] 1 is a side view of a hydraulic excavator to which an excavation grapple device according to an embodiment is attached. [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is a front view of the excavation grapple device according to the embodiment. [Diagram 3] FIG. 2 is a right side view of the excavation grapple device according to the embodiment. [Figure 4] FIG. 2 is a plan view of the excavation grapple device according to the embodiment. [Diagram 5] 4 is a diagram showing the operation of the excavation grapple device according to the embodiment of the present invention gripping, cutting and compacting a tree. [Figure 6] 1 is a diagram showing the opening and closing operation of a movable tong bucket and a tong of a digging grapple device according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. [Figure 7] 4 is a diagram showing the operation of the excavation grapple device according to the embodiment in the form of road setting (excavation, soil dumping). FIG. [Figure 8] FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the felling operation of the excavation grapple device according to the embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0020] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Note that the operation diagrams are intended to conceptually (schematically) show an excavation grapple device. EXAMPLES

[0021] 1, an excavation grapple device 30 is attached to a hydraulic excavator 10, which is a mobile machine body, and the hydraulic excavator 10 is one example of a construction machine. The hydraulic excavator (mobile machine body, construction machine) 10 includes a lower traveling body 11, an upper rotating body 13 that is rotatably provided on the lower traveling body 11 via a rotating shaft 12, and a working device 14 provided on the upper rotating body 13. An operation room (cab) 15 is mounted on the front of the upper rotating body 13, and an engine and a counterweight 17 arranged in a machine room 16 are mounted on the rear of the upper rotating body 13.

[0022] A boom 21 and a boom cylinder (actuator) 22 that rotates the boom 21 are rotatably supported on the upper rotating body 13. The tip of the boom cylinder 22 is rotatably connected to the boom 21 via a pin. An arm 23 is rotatably supported at the tip of the boom 21 by an arm cylinder (actuator) 24. The working device 14 includes the boom 21 and the arm 23. An excavation grapple device 30, which is an attachment, is rotatably supported on the arm 23 by an attachment cylinder (actuator) 26 via a link portion 25.

[0023] Next, the excavation grapple device 30 will be described. As shown in Figures 1 to 6, the excavation grapple device 30 includes a bucket grapple unit 31 that is attached to the hydraulic excavator 10 to grasp trees and excavate soil and gravel, and a chainsaw unit 51 that is storable in the bucket grapple unit 31 and cuts trees with a chainsaw 52.

[0024] In the embodiment, the excavation grapple device 30 is provided with a chainsaw unit 51 for cutting trees, but this is not limited to this, and the excavation grapple device 30 may be configured with only the bucket grapple unit 31 without providing the chainsaw unit 51.

[0025] Next, the bucket grapple unit 31 will be described. The bucket grapple unit 31 comprises a bracket 32 ​​attached to the arm 23 and the link portion 25, a base frame 34 serving as the main body and rotatably attached to the bracket 32 ​​via a swivel bearing 33, a tong 36 swingably attached to the base frame 34 via an axis 35, and a movable tong bucket 41 swingably attached to the base frame 34 via an axis 42 facing the tong 36.

[0026] 6, the bucket grapple unit 31 includes an opening / closing cylinder 38 that opens and closes the tongs 36 and the movable tong bucket 41, and a link 39 that links the tongs 36 and the movable tong bucket 41. One end of the opening / closing cylinder 38 is rotatably connected to the tongs 36 via a tong portion shaft 37, and the other end of the opening / closing cylinder 38 is rotatably connected to the movable tong bucket 41 via a bucket portion shaft 43.

[0027] One end of the link 39 is rotatably connected to the tongue 36 via the tongue shaft 37, and the other end of the link 39 is rotatably connected to the movable tongue bucket 41 via a link shaft 47. Note that on the tongue 36 side, the opening / closing cylinder 38 and the link 39 have a common shaft (tong shaft 37), but on the movable tongue bucket 41 side, the opening / closing cylinder 38 and the link 39 have different shafts (bucket shaft 43, link shaft 47).

[0028] When the opening / closing cylinder 38 is extended, the tongs 36 and the movable tongs bucket 41 are in a closed state as shown in Fig. 6(B) (the state of the tongs 36 and the movable tongs bucket 41 is shown by the solid lines in Fig. 2). When the opening / closing cylinder 38 is retracted, the tongs 36 and the movable tongs bucket 41 are in an open state as shown in Fig. 6(C) (the state of the tongs 36 and the movable tongs bucket 41 is shown by the imaginary lines in Fig. 2). When the tongs 36 and the movable tongs bucket 41 are closed, a thin tree 71 can be gripped by the main body 34, the tongs 36, and the movable tongs bucket 41, as shown in Fig. 2.

[0029] 1 to 6, a rotation mechanism (not shown) for rotating or stopping the base frame 34 with respect to the bracket 32 ​​is provided inside the bracket 32 ​​and the base frame 34. The tongs 36 include two inwardly curved side plate portions 36a on the left and right, and a connecting plate 36b that connects the tip portions of the two side plate portions 36a so as to span them. Note that, although the shape of the tongs 36 is curved in the embodiment, this is not limited thereto, and the shape of the tongs 36 may be any shape that can grip the tree 71, such as a straight shape or a so-called sawtooth shape with continuous peaks and valleys.

[0030] The movable tong bucket 41 is formed in a container shape so that, when closed, it can excavate and pile up soil and sand using the base frame 34 and tongs 36, and is equipped with two bucket side portions 44, a bucket bottom portion 45 that connects the lower ends of these two bucket side portions 44 and forms the bottom of the movable tong bucket 41, digging claws 46 provided at the excavation side end of the bucket bottom portion 45, and a reinforcing plate 49 provided at the tong 36 side end of the bucket bottom portion 45.

[0031] The movable tong bucket 41, when open, is provided with a grapple portion 48 that is provided on one side facing the tongs 36 and that grips the tree 71 by pinching it with the tongs 36, and an excavation portion 41a that is provided on the other side opposite the grapple portion 48 and that excavates soil 72, and a tong-side opening 48a is formed on the tongs 36 side. The outside of the boundary line 44a is a thick plate, and the inside of the boundary line 44a is a thin plate for weight reduction. The grapple portion 48 is formed in a concave shape on the side opposite the excavation claws 46, and by being formed in a concave shape, it can easily grip the tree 71 by embracing it.

[0032] Furthermore, in order to widen the opening of the excavation section 41a, the movable tong bucket 41 is arranged with the line passing through the axis 35 and the axis 42 inclined so that the axis 42, which serves as the fulcrum when viewed from the front as shown in Figure 2, is closer to the bracket 32 ​​than the axis 35 of the tongs 36.

[0033] The base frame 34 also includes a base upper portion 34a arranged to face the thrust surface (shaft raceway) of the swivel bearing 33, a rib wall 34b extending vertically from this base upper portion 34a, and a base bottom portion 34c provided midway along the rib wall 34b.

[0034] Next, the chain saw unit 51 will be described. 3, the rib wall 34b on the left side of the figure is provided approximately in the center of the base upper part 34a (or toward one side from the center), and a recess formed by the base upper part 34a, the rib wall 34b and the base bottom part 34c forms a storage space for storing the chainsaw unit 51. The chainsaw unit 51 shown in solid lines is in a stored state, and the chainsaw unit 51 shown in imaginary lines is in a used state.

[0035] As shown in FIG. 5, the chainsaw unit 51 includes a chainsaw 52 for cutting trees, and a storage movement mechanism (not shown) for moving the chainsaw unit 51 from a tree cutting position to a storage position when storing the chainsaw unit 51 in a storage space.

[0036] The chainsaw 52 is equipped with a drive unit (not shown) that is attached to a chainsaw support member that supports the chainsaw 52 itself and drives it, a guide bar 55 attached to this drive unit, a chain 56 that is movably attached to the outer edge of the guide bar 55 and rotated by the drive unit, and an actuator (not shown) that moves the chainsaw 52 to a cutting position.

[0037] Next, the operation of the excavation grapple device 30 for gripping and cutting the tree 71 will be described. The tree 71 is grasped with the tongs 36 and the movable tong bucket 41, the chainsaw unit 51 is moved to the usage position (the chainsaw unit 51 shown by phantom lines in Figure 3), and the tree 71 is cut by moving the chainsaw 52 in the direction of the arrow (1) (so-called bucking).

[0038] Next, the rolling action of the excavation grapple device 30 on the ground or the like will be described. When the chainsaw unit 51 is stored and the tongs 36 and movable tong bucket 41 grip the tree 71, the axis of the swivel bearing 33 relative to the bracket 32 ​​coincides with the rolling direction. In this state, when the excavation grapple device 30 is moved as indicated by the arrow (2), the tree 71 can be easily rolled by the bucket bottom portion 45 of the movable tong bucket 41. Note that in the embodiment, the tree 71 is gripped by the tongs 36 and movable tong bucket 41, but this is not limited to this. Even if the tongs 36 and movable tong bucket 41 are half-opened without gripping the tree 71, the axis of the swivel bearing 33 relative to the bracket 32 ​​coincides with the rolling direction, and the tree 71 can be easily rolled by the bucket bottom portion 45 of the movable tong bucket 41.

[0039] Next, the road setting (digging and dumping) operation of the excavation grapple device 30 will be described. Figure 7(A) shows the same action as a general soil release, in which the tongs 36 and the movable tong bucket 41 are closed, and the work equipment 14 (see Figure 1) is moved and the angle of the excavation grapple device 30 itself is changed to release the excavated soil 72 downward from the excavation section 41a.

[0040] Figure 7 (B) shows the soil releasing action specific to this embodiment, in which soil 72 is excavated with the tongs 36 and the movable tong bucket 41 closed, and without changing the angle of the excavation grapple device 30 itself (approximately horizontal state), the tongs 36 and the movable tong bucket 41 are opened as shown by arrow (3), and the soil is released downward from the tong side opening 48a of the movable tong bucket 41 as shown by arrow (4).

[0041] When the tongs 36 and the movable tongue bucket 41 are closed, the bucket can be used as a so-called bucket, and when the tongs 36 and the movable tongue bucket 41 are half-open, the gap and hole are enlarged and the bucket can be used as a so-called skeleton bucket.

[0042] Next, the felling operation of the excavation grapple device 30 will be described. As shown in Fig. 8(A), the tree 71 is faced forward, the tongs 36 and the movable tong bucket 41 are opened laterally, and the excavation grapple device 30 is moved forward. As shown in Fig. 8(B), the tongs 36 and the movable tong bucket 41 are closed, and while gripping the tree 71, the tree 71 is cut with the chainsaw 52 and pushed forward, thereby felling the tree 71. Because the tongs 36 and the movable tong bucket 41 are opened widely with the tree 71 at the center, the tree can be felled forward of the body of the hydraulic excavator 10, in the direction away from the driver's seat (operation room 15).

[0043] Next, the operation and effects of the excavation grapple device 30 of the embodiment described above will be described. In the embodiment of the present invention, the bucket grapple unit 31 of the excavation grapple device 30 includes a tong 36 swingably mounted on the base frame 34, and a movable tong bucket 41 swingably mounted on the base frame 34 opposite the tong 36, so that the excavation grapple device 30 itself can change its angle with respect to the arm 23, and the tongs 36 and the movable tong bucket 41 can each be opened with respect to the base frame 34. Therefore, the excavation grapple device 30 is mounted on the hydraulic excavator 10 and can grip a tree 71 in a forest or the like and excavate earth and sand 72, and when gripping the tree 71, the movable tong bucket 41 and the tongs 36 can be opened widely on both sides around the tree 71.

[0044] Furthermore, the bucket grapple unit 31 of the excavation grapple device 30 is equipped with tongs 36 swingably mounted on the base frame 34, and a movable tong bucket 41 swingably mounted on the base frame 34. Therefore, by closing the movable tong bucket 41, the movable tong bucket 41, which has a larger capacity, is caused to dig into the soil 72 first, rather than the elongated tongs 36, and thus the soil 72 can withstand a large load when excavating the soil 72 and the soil 72 can be smoothly pushed deep into the movable tong bucket 41, improving excavation performance.

[0045] Furthermore, since the movable tong bucket 41 is provided on one side facing the tong 36 and has a grapple portion 48 that grips the tree 71 by sandwiching the tree 71 between the tong 36, when gripping the tree 71, it can be gripped by the dedicated grapple portion 48 for gripping the tree 71 and the tong 36, and the workability of gripping the tree 71 can be improved.

[0046] Furthermore, since the movable tong bucket 41 is provided on the other side opposite to the grapple portion 48 and has an excavation portion 41a for excavating the earth and sand 72, when excavating the earth and sand 72, it can be excavated by the dedicated excavation portion 41a for excavating the earth and sand 72, and the workability of excavating the earth and sand 72 can be improved.

[0047] Furthermore, since the excavation grapple device 30 of the embodiment also includes a chainsaw unit 51, not only can it excavate the earth and sand 72 and grip and move the tree 71, but it can also fell the trees standing in the mountain forest, etc. Therefore, with one excavation grapple device 30, it is possible to fell the tree 71, grip and move the felled tree 71, cut it, and further excavate and roll the earth and sand 72, improving the work efficiency.

[0048] Since it is a hydraulic excavator 10 equipped with the excavation grapple device 30, when grasping the tree 71, the bucket (movable tong bucket 41) and the tong 36 can be widely opened on both sides centered on the tree 71, and when excavating the earth and sand 72, it can withstand a large load and smoothly push the earth and sand 72 to the bottom of the bucket (movable tong bucket 41), improving the excavability.

[0049] In the embodiment, the tong 36 includes two left and right inwardly curved side plate portions 36a and a connecting plate 36b that connects the tip portions of these two side plate portions 36a so as to span them, and the middle part is open. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and a lattice may be provided between the two side plate portions 36a and the connecting plate 36b to enable shaking work.

[0050] In the embodiment, the bucket grapple unit 31 is provided with the chainsaw unit 51, but the means for cutting the tree 71 may be any means other than the chainsaw 52, ​​such as a hatchet blade, as long as it can cut the tree 71. Furthermore, the chainsaw unit 51 may not be provided.

[0051] In addition, in the embodiment, the excavation grapple device 30 is attached to a hydraulic excavator 10 as a mobile machine, but this is not limited to this and may be attached to a vehicle such as a tractor. As long as the excavation grapple device 30 can be attached, the type of mobile machine is not important.

[0052] In other words, the present invention is not limited to the examples as long as the functions and effects of the present invention are achieved. [Industrial Applicability]

[0053] The technology of the present invention is suitable for an excavation grapple device that is attached to a hydraulic excavator and is capable of gripping trees in forests and excavating soil and sand. [Explanation of symbols]

[0054] 10...hydraulic excavator (mobile body, construction machinery, vehicle), 30...digging grapple device (work machine), 31...bucket grapple unit, 35...shaft, 36...tong, 37...tong section shaft, 38...opening / closing cylinder, 39...link, 41...movable tong bucket, 41a...digging section, 42...shaft, 43...bucket section shaft, 44...bucket side section, 47...link shaft, 48...grapple section, 48a...tong side opening, 51...chainsaw unit, 52...chainsaw, 71...wood (lumber), 72...soil (soil, ground).

Claims

1. An excavation grapple device equipped with a bucket grapple unit that is attached to a hydraulic excavator and can grasp trees and excavate soil and sand, The bucket grapple unit is an excavation grapple device characterized in that it comprises a base frame which serves as a main body, a tong which is swingably mounted on the base frame, a movable tong bucket which is swingably mounted on the base frame opposite the tong, and an opening / closing cylinder which opens and closes the tong and the movable tong bucket.

2. 2. The excavation grapple apparatus of claim 1, The movable tong bucket is provided with a grapple portion on one side opposite the tongs for gripping the tree by clamping it with the tongs, and an excavation portion on the other side opposite the grapple portion for excavating the soil.

3. A hydraulic excavator comprising the excavation grapple device according to claim 1 or 2.

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