Hydroponics system

Abstract

To provide a hydroponics system that can be fully equipped with no use of pesticide in cultivation and insect-control measure, can suppress pathogens, viruses and harmful bacteria almost 100%, reduces operation loss, and is capable of performing efficient cultivation.SOLUTION: A hydroponics system collectively prepares nutritious liquid, and supplies it to a plurality of cultivation shelves 2 as hydroponics medium 1 while circulating it, wherein the cultivation shelves 2 are installed in a clean room 3, a fermentation tank 6, a synthesis tank 7, relay tanks 8, 9, and a circulation pump 10 are installed as a filtration device outside the clean room 3, composite fermented solution 13 is added to the fermentation tank 6, recovers the nutritious liquid supplied to the cultivation shelves 2 inside the clean room 3 via the relay tank 8 by the circulation pump 10, and returns it to the fermentation tank 6.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a hydroponic cultivation system for cultivating plants.

Background Art

[0002] Conventionally, in plant cultivation facilities such as plant factories, a plurality of cultivation units each having cultivation shelves stacked in multiple stages in the vertical direction are installed, artificial lighting equipment is provided above each cultivation shelf to irradiate light on the plants, and the temperature and humidity conditions of the entire room are maintained suitable for the growth of the plants to cultivate the plants. Such multi-stage cultivation is suitable for effectively using the space in a limited room.

[0003] When performing hydroponic cultivation in a plant cultivation facility, as also described in the following patent documents, in order to efficiently supply nutrient solution to a large number of cultivation shelves, each cultivation shelf is arranged in parallel with respect to the nutrient solution supply device, and the nutrient solution is supplied to each cultivation shelf collectively from a tank. After giving nutrients to the plants, the waste liquid discharged from each cultivation shelf is collected in the tank, and after appropriately adjusting the components, it is distributed to each cultivation shelf again as nutrient solution.

Patent Document 1

[0004] Also, as described in the following patent documents, there is a plant cultivation system that uses, for example, a clean room as a closed space.

Patent Document 2

[0005] Inside the cultivation room, one or more cultivation shelves on which a plurality of medium blocks can be attached and detached are arranged. Further, the cultivation room is provided with nutrient solution supply means capable of supplying cultivation nutrient solution to the medium blocks attached to the cultivation shelves, and light irradiation means capable of irradiating light on the medium blocks attached to the cultivation shelves.

[0006] A clean room is used in the manufacture of electronic devices such as semiconductor devices, and there is, for example, a downflow type. In a downflow clean room, a ceiling is provided with a space below the ceiling slab surface. Air supply holes are formed in the ceiling, and an air filter is arranged above the ceiling. Further, a floor having a large number of suction holes is arranged below the ceiling, and the air supplied from the ceiling is sucked directly into the suction holes below and exhausted to the outside.

[0007] In addition, the following patent document proposes a method and a business method for hydroponics (nutrient solution soil consumption) by recycling a liquid by performing irrigation and fertilization using complex fermentation by complex microorganisms, microbiologically treating the used liquid, purifying it into energy water, and circulating it for use in irrigation and fertilization. [Patent Document 3] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2016-36329

[0008] As shown in FIG. 6, a fermentation tank 130, a fermentation synthesis tank 140, and a storage tank 150 are sequentially connected by lines to a recovery tank (recovery unit) 120 that recovers water from the soil 101 in the greenhouse 110. In the fermentation tank 130, a composite fermentation growth liquid is introduced in an amount of 0.1 to 0.4% of the recovered water, and thereby the recovered water is completely fermented in the fermentation tank 130.

[0009] The fermentation tank 130 is provided with a diffuser pipe 132 for sending air to cause complete fermentation by a blower 131 and is provided with a valve 133 for adjusting the air diffusion amount.

[0010] The fermentation synthesis tank 140 is provided with a plurality of stages of sub-unit tanks 140A in order from the upstream side. Each sub-unit tank 140A is provided with a diffuser pipe 142 for sending air from a blower 141 to cause aeration and is provided with a valve 143 for adjusting the air diffusion amount.

[0011] A plurality of microbial carriers are installed in each sub-unit tank 140A. In this example, they are made of non-woven fabric and are subjected to composite fermentation enzyme processing of composite microorganisms. This is a state of composite fermentation by composite microorganisms. The non-woven fabric is immersed in the liquid in which the composite fermentation enzyme is present, the composite fermentation enzyme is attached to the non-woven fabric, and then it is taken out of the liquid and dried. This processing makes it easier to guide the immersed liquid to fermentation synthesis.

[0012] The storage tank 150 stores the water that has exited the fermentation synthesis tank 140. The storage tank 150 is equipped with a blower 151 that sends air to a number of air diffuser pipes 152 necessary to maintain the state of the composite fermentation enzyme water for fermentation synthesis and synthesis, and a valve 153 for adjusting the air diffusion amount. The water stored in the storage tank 150 can be aerated and stirred as needed.

[0013] The pump 154, line L4, and nozzle 103 form a supply unit 160, and sprinkle and irrigate the water in the storage tank 150 onto the soil 101.

[0014] In the fermentation tank 130, complete fermentation gives priority to fermentation microorganisms mainly including lactic acid bacteria and yeast, the occupancy rate of Fusarium is also 5% or less, and the solubilization of inorganic nutrients is promoted. Amino acids, sugars, vitamins, and other physiologically active substances in the tank increase, accelerating and improving the growth of organisms, and suppressing oxidation, deterioration, and corruption. The state in which oxidation, deterioration, and corruption are completely suppressed is complete fermentation.

[0015] The fermentation tank 130 is connected to the fermentation synthesis tank 140 via line L2, and the completely fermented recovered water is transferred to the fermentation synthesis tank. The fermentation synthesis tank is provided with a plurality of stages of sub-unit tanks 140A in order from the upstream side. Each sub-unit tank 140A is equipped with a blower 141 that sends air to an air diffuser pipe 142 for aeration and a valve 143 for adjusting the air diffusion amount.

[0016] A plurality of microbial carriers are installed in each sub-unit tank 140A. In this example, they are made of non-woven fabric and are subjected to composite fermentation enzyme processing of composite microorganisms. This is achieved by immersing the non-woven fabric in a liquid where a composite fermentation state by the composite microorganisms occurs and the composite fermentation enzyme is attached to the non-woven fabric, and then taking it out of the liquid and drying it. This processing makes it easier to guide the immersed liquid into fermentation synthesis.

[0017] In the fermentation synthesis tank 140, the antagonism of natural bacteria is suppressed to cause the symbiotic effect of composite microorganisms, and fermentation synthesis treatment is carried out by the catalytic effects of enzymes, acids, physiologically active substances, etc., so as to suppress the nutrient components such as nitrogen and phosphorus in the liquid to a level that is easy for plants to absorb, and at the same time, convert the nutrient components into bioenergy to produce treated water (composite fermentation enzyme water) rich in bioenergy.

[0018] A storage tank 150 is connected to the fermentation synthesis tank 140 via line L3. The storage tank 150 stores the water that has come out of the fermentation synthesis tank 140. The storage tank 150 is equipped with a valve 53 for adjusting the air diffusion amount by sending air to the required number of air diffuser pipes 52 to maintain the state of the composite fermentation enzyme water for fermentation synthesis and synthesis from the blower 151, and can aerate and stir the water stored in the storage tank 50 as needed.

[0019] The supply unit 160 includes a pump 154, a line L4, and a nozzle 103, and sprinkles and irrigates the water in the storage tank 150 onto the soil 101.

[0020] This Patent Document 3 uses soil as a medium and belongs to hydroponics in the sense of a cultivation method that dissolves the necessary nutrients and oxygen in the irrigation water and conducts artificial and active control during cultivation. Since soil is used, it can also be said to be nutrient solution soil consumption.

Disclosure of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0021] Although a system like the one in Patent Document 1, which prepares nutrient solution in a batch and supplies it to multiple cultivation shelves while circulating it, is efficient, it provides the same nutrients to plants at different growth stages and is not suitable for fine control according to the growth state of the plants.

[0022] Also, when diseases or the like occur, there is a risk of spreading throughout the plant cultivation facility via the nutrient solution.

[0023] On the other hand, there is also a method of adjusting the nutrient solution by replenishing each component and water by the amount that has decreased. However, such a method is usually used when cultivating plants under sunlight. When this method is applied to cultivation under artificial light, the growth rate of plants under artificial light is faster than that under sunlight. Accordingly, the component fluctuations of the nutrient solution are also faster, and the consumption status of each component varies depending on the plant species and growth stage. It is extremely difficult to adjust the nutrient solution by replenishing each component and water by the amount that has decreased accordingly.

[0024] In addition, when each component and water are successively added to the old nutrient solution, substances such as chlorine dissolved in tap water, which are hardly absorbed by plants, may accumulate in the nutrient solution and have an adverse effect on plant growth.

[0025] On the other hand, in a plant cultivation system using a clean room like the one in Patent Document 2, although the formation of fine patterns such as electronic devices is not required for plant cultivation, since water, liquid fertilizer, etc. are used, there is a contradiction in the sterilization by ozone or a silver catalyst with only one lung of the catalyst. With ozone, the plants will die, if done poorly, resistant bacteria will appear, and in the first place, it is impossible to have a sterile environment for the growth of organisms. Even if one tries to use only some effective bacteria for single-cell monoculture, since air and water will partially enter, it cannot be completely protected.

[0026] Patent Document 3 suppresses pathogenic bacteria, viruses, rickettsiae, miscellaneous bacteria, and Escherichia coli without using pesticides, and uses the treated water for soil irrigation by subjecting the recovered water to fermentation and fermentation synthesis treatment. However, it is expected that the strong cell membranes of cultivated crops will prevent diseases and pests such as pathogenic bacteria, viruses, and rickettsiae of agricultural crops from approaching, but it lacks practicality.

[0027] In addition, in a greenhouse, it is impossible to completely prevent the invasion of insects, etc. With the technology of Patent Document 3, it is impossible to suppress the damage caused by pests and diseases, prevent so-called continuous cropping obstacles, further significantly increase the yield of agricultural crops, and cultivate delicious and healthy agricultural crops for humans.

[0028] The object of the present invention is to eliminate the disadvantages of the above-mentioned conventional examples, complete the non-use of pesticides during cultivation and pest control measures, and be able to suppress pathogenic bacteria, viruses, and harmful bacteria by nearly 100%. Therefore, it is possible to reduce work loss and achieve efficient cultivation, and to provide a hydroponic cultivation system that can significantly increase the yield of agricultural crops and cultivate delicious and healthy agricultural crops for humans.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0029] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a hydroponic cultivation system that prepares nutrient solution in a batch and supplies it to a plurality of cultivation shelves as a hydroponic cultivation medium while circulating it. The cultivation shelves are installed in a clean room. As a filtration device, a fermentation tank, a synthesis tank, and relay tanks (first and second) are installed outside the clean room. A composite fermentation solution is added to the stored fermentation tank, and the nutrient solution supplied to the cultivation shelves in the clean room through the first relay tank is recovered and returned to the fermentation tank by the circulation pump of the second relay tank. The composite fermentation solution enables the coexistence and co-prosperity of anaerobic bacteria, aerobic bacteria, and facultative anaerobic bacteria. In the prepared water, molasses, okara, and a plant extract obtained by adding leaves selected from pine, bamboo, plum, fig, chestnut, peach, and persimmon are added. First, lactic acid fermentation, which is a facultative anaerobic fermentation by lactic acid bacteria, is caused. Further, amino acids, saccharides, vitamins, minerals, and other physiologically active substances are produced by fermenting bacteria and yeast, and aerobic Fusarium (oxidizing bacteria) is suppressed. Then, antibacterial substances are produced by aerobic actinomycetes following the lactic acid bacteria, fermenting bacteria, and yeast, suppressing viruses, pathogenic bacteria, rickettsia, and Fusarium. Then, photosynthetic bacteria are added with a time lag from the actinomycetes. The photosynthetic bacteria take in gases such as carbon dioxide gas and nitrogen gas and perform energy substitution and exchange such as photosynthesis. As a result, an ecosystem of composite fermentation is formed in which aerobic bacteria and anaerobic bacteria can coexist and co-prosper by the symbiosis of facultative anaerobic bacteria. The supernatant is collected and obtained as a composite fermentation malt. The gist of the invention is that the composite fermentation malt is added with prepared water, molasses for inducing aerobic fermentation, and an anaerobic base for inducing anaerobic fermentation.

[0030] According to the present invention, a composite fermentation solution is uniquely mixed in the solution used for hydroponic cultivation, and a nutrient solution with a purification effect can maintain a clean state. In addition, since the number of viable bacteria is overwhelmingly smaller than that of general outdoor vegetables, it is possible to cultivate high-quality vegetables with good shelf life.

[0031] While circulating a composite fermentation solution fermented by a composite fermentation technique, a certain amount is added to the nutrient solution supplied to a plurality of cultivation shelves as a hydroponic cultivation medium to suppress the generation of Fusarium (oxidizing bacteria), prevent oxidation, spoilage, and putrefaction, suppress the antagonism of natural bacteria, cause the symbiotic effect of composite microorganisms, and perform fermentation synthesis treatment and synthesis treatment (decompose and disappear surplus substances other than pollutants and substances utilized by microorganisms as a bacterial bed and convert them into energy) by the catalytic effects of enzymes, acids, physiologically active substances, etc. By cultivating crops through hydroponics, pathogens, viruses, rickettsiae, miscellaneous bacteria, etc. are suppressed, diseases are controlled, crop plants take in energy as bioenergy, produce healthy and strong plant bodies, become rich in vitamins, minerals, and amino acids, and furthermore, the individual plants grow larger and the yield can be increased.

Effects of the Invention

[0032] As described above, the hydroponic cultivation system of the present invention can be completed without using pesticides during cultivation and with pest control measures, and can suppress nearly 100% of pathogens, viruses, and harmful bacteria. Therefore, it is possible to reduce work loss and perform efficient cultivation.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0033]

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

Figure 6

Modes for Carrying Out the Invention

[0034] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a side view showing one embodiment of the hydroponic cultivation system of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a plan view of the same, and in the figure, 1 indicates a hydroponic cultivation medium.

[0035] The hydroponic cultivation system of the present invention prepares nutrient solution in a batch and supplies it to a plurality of cultivation shelves as a hydroponic cultivation medium while circulating it. This nutrient solution is mainly composed of water.

[0036] Although illustration is omitted, the hydroponic cultivation medium 1 is formed as a plant factory in which a plurality of multi-stage cultivation shelves 2 supporting cultivation racks are arranged in a space, and the air in the space is conditioned by an air conditioner. The hydroponic cultivation system prepares nutrient solution in a batch and supplies it to a plurality of cultivation shelves 2 as the hydroponic cultivation medium 1 while circulating it.

[0037] In addition, the space where the hydroponic cultivation medium 1 is provided is configured as a clean room 3 in which an air conditioner is installed on the ceiling surface of a closed space, and a dressing room 4, a disinfection room 5, etc. are provided at its entrance.

[0038] Since people generate a large amount of dust from their clothes and the human body itself when entering and leaving the clean room 3, they wear special clean wear (dust-proof clothing, dust-free clothing) that covers the whole body and a mask, and take an air shower of clean air in the disinfection room 5 with a double-door entrance to remove dust before entering the room.

[0039] An adhesive mat is laid on the floor of the entrance to remove dust on the soles of shoes and the lower surface of the device. When carrying in articles, a pass box is used to exchange them between the double doors to prevent dust from flowing in from the outside air when the door is opened and closed.

[0040] Seeds of the plant are sown and raised in a facility separate from the hydroponic facility. When the seedlings of the plant grow to an appropriate extent for transplantation, they are transplanted to the hydroponic facility for cultivation. Examples of the plant include head lettuce, frill lettuce, romaine lettuce, moco lettuce, pleats lettuce, baby leaf, salad greens, komatsuna, mizuna, spinach, pak choi, and other leafy vegetables.

[0041] In the method of sowing plants, a urethane sowing mat is used as a hydroponic planting substrate. For such sowing, a sowing container as described in Japanese Patent No. 6557370 may be used. Fig. 5 shows a urethane sowing mat 15 as a planting substrate.

[0042] Outside the clean room 3, as a filtering device, a fermentation tank 6, a synthesis tank 7, a first relay tank 8, and a second relay tank 9 are installed. The nutrient solution is prepared collectively in the fermentation tank 6 and the synthesis tank 7 to promote composite fermentation in the tanks, and then supplied to a plurality of cultivation shelves 2 as the hydroponic cultivation medium 1 in the clean room 3. The supplied nutrient solution is recovered and returned to the fermentation tank by the circulation pump 10 of the second relay tank 9.

[0043] The height is adjusted so that all the liquid flows by gravity from the fermentation tank 6 to the second relay tank 9.

[0044] Each of the fermentation tank 6, the synthesis tank 7, the first relay tank 8, and the second relay tank 9 is equipped with blower equipment 11 for aeration having a desk-type diffuser. In the synthesis tank 7, a bio-catalyst cloth 12 which is a microbial carrier is arranged. The bio-catalyst cloth 12 is a non-woven fabric processed with a composite fermentation enzyme of composite microorganisms. This is obtained by immersing a non-woven fabric in a liquid in which a composite fermentation state by composite microorganisms occurs and composite fermentation enzymes are present, attaching the composite fermentation enzymes to the non-woven fabric, and then taking it out of the liquid and drying it.

[0045] A composite fermentation solution 13 is added to the fermentation tank 6. The content of this composite fermentation solution 13 is as described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2021-126071.

[0046] This composite fermentation solution 13 enables the coexistence and co-prosperity through the symbiosis of anaerobic bacteria, aerobic bacteria, and facultative anaerobic bacteria. In the prepared water, molasses, okara, and a plant extract obtained by adding leaves selected from any of pine, bamboo, plum, fig, chestnut, peach, and persimmon are added. First, lactic acid fermentation, which is a facultative anaerobic fermentation by lactic acid bacteria, is initiated. Furthermore, fermenting bacteria and yeast produce physiologically active substances such as amino acids, saccharides, vitamins, and minerals, suppressing aerobic Fusarium (oxidizing bacteria). Subsequently, following the lactic acid bacteria, fermenting bacteria, and yeast, antibacterial substances are produced by aerobic actinomycetes, suppressing viruses, pathogenic bacteria, rickettsia, and Fusarium. Then, photosynthetic bacteria are added with a time lag from the actinomycetes. The photosynthetic bacteria take in gases such as carbon dioxide and nitrogen gas and perform energy substitution and exchange such as photosynthesis. As a result, an ecosystem of composite fermentation is formed in which aerobic bacteria and anaerobic bacteria can coexist and co-prosper through the symbiosis of facultative anaerobic bacteria. The supernatant is collected and obtained as composite fermentation malt. The composite fermentation malt is obtained by adding prepared water, molasses that induces aerobic fermentation, and an anaerobic base that induces anaerobic fermentation to the composite fermentation malt.

[0047] The composite fermentation malt for preparing the composite fermentation culture solution serves as a seed for causing composite fermentation, and it contains high-molecular-bound crystals of carbon. For the composite fermentation malt, the extract extracted from leaves selected from any of pine, bamboo, plum, fig, chestnut, peach, and persimmon is used as a natural material as a culture medium. What is added with this and molasses to water becomes a bacterial bed. Aerobic bacteria, anaerobic bacteria, and facultative anaerobic bacteria are planted here. By being the supernatant, it is possible to create a base for causing composite fermentation in which aerobic bacteria and anaerobic bacteria coexist, co-prosper, and symbiose through facultative anaerobic bacteria.

[0048] By simultaneously planting aerobic bacteria, anaerobic bacteria, and facultative anaerobic bacteria, aerobic bacteria and anaerobic bacteria can coexist through facultative anaerobic bacteria. Coexistence, co-prosperity, and symbiosis mean not being antagonistic (not killing each other). When the microorganisms (bacteria) become 1 / 10 of their size and the number of microorganisms per 1 cc increases, a state of suspended animation of the microorganisms is created, so that they do not kill each other, and the death of the bacteria can be reduced.

[0049] In this state, the microbial enzyme binds and crystallizes with the plant enzymes contained in the leaves of pine, bamboo grass, fig, chestnut, peach, and persimmon to produce an antioxidant as a derivative. The antioxidant is a physiologically active substance such as an enzyme, vitamin, mineral, or amino acid, and it becomes a high-molecular bond crystal of carbon. When this is returned to water, it returns to microorganisms. Its form can be seen as protein.

[0050] The complex fermentation in which aerobic bacteria and anaerobic bacteria coexist, co-prosper, and symbiose through aerotolerant anaerobic bacteria starts with the action of aerobic fermentation microorganisms such as yeast and lactic acid bacteria. The aerobic fermentation microorganisms produce physiologically active substances such as amino acids, saccharides, vitamins, and minerals, and sterilize aerobic harmful bacteria such as Escherichia coli, filamentous fungi, and miscellaneous bacteria. Next, the lactic acid bacteria among the aerobic fermentation microorganisms relay to facultative anaerobic lactic acid bacteria and facultative anaerobic bacteria, and thereby actinomycetes appear and produce antibacterial substances, which sterilize anaerobic harmful bacteria such as bacteria, pathogenic bacteria, viruses, and rickettsiae. By the interlocking of the above two sterilization actions, Azotobacter, Amylobacter, Rhizobium, etc. function to take in and fix nitrogen from the air (nitrogen-fixing bacteria), and finally, photosynthetic bacteria, phycomycetes, and chemosynthetic microorganisms take in carbon dioxide gas and nitrogen gas and perform energy substitution and exchange such as photosynthesis.

[0051] The supernatant of the solution containing this antioxidant, with the precipitate removed, is the complex fermentation malt.

[0052] The complex fermentation culture solution is prepared by charging the complex fermentation malt, which is the seed of complex fermentation, with water, molasses for aerobic fermentation, and an anaerobic base for anaerobic fermentation, and is used to induce complex fermentation.

[0053] Here, the anaerobic base refers to chicken manure, dried okara, and rice bran. Chicken manure is dried in a state before oxidation, spoilage, and putrefaction. Dried okara is the remaining soybean residue after squeezing soy milk during tofu production, and this is dried in a fresh state before oxidation, spoilage, and putrefaction. Rice bran is the rice bran produced during rice polishing.

[0054] The composite fermentation anaerobic base is made by adding 50% dried chicken manure (dried chicken manure in a state before oxidation, spoilage, and putrefaction), 40% dried okara (dried fresh soybean residue before oxidation, spoilage, and putrefaction after squeezing soy milk during tofu production), 9% rice bran produced during polished rice processing, and 1% composite fermentation enzyme solution, and then densifying it in a culture tank.

[0055] In the fermentation tank 6, the addition of the composite fermentation solution 13 causes composite fermentation to occur inside, and this composite fermentation is further promoted in the synthesis tank 7.

[0056] The water in which such composite fermentation is carried out is supplied as nutrient solution to a plurality of cultivation shelves 2 as the hydroponic cultivation medium 1 in the clean room 3, and the supplied nutrient solution is recovered and returned to the fermentation tank 6 by the circulation pump 10 of the second relay tank 9.

[0057] The causes of root rot in plants in hydroponic cultivation are the lack of oxygen circulation and the growth of anaerobic microorganisms.

[0058] The process of composite fermentation is as described with the composite fermentation malt, but composite fermentation also occurs in the nutrient solution supplied from the synthesis tank 7 through the first relay tank 8 to a plurality of cultivation shelves 2 as the hydroponic cultivation medium 1 in the clean room 3.

[0059] Regarding oxygen, since the fermentation tank 6, synthesis tank 7, first relay tank 8, and second relay tank 9 are equipped with blower facilities 11, sufficient supply is possible.

[0060] In composite fermentation, first, aerobic fermentation microorganisms such as yeast and lactic acid bacteria start to move. During the fermentation process, they produce physiologically active substances. "Physiologically active substances" are substances such as amino acids, sugars, vitamins, and minerals that are present in small amounts and regulate the functions of living organisms. There are quite a few that are useful to humans, and they are also actively exchanged among microorganisms.

[0061] They sterilize and disinfect aerobic Fusarium (a type of spoilage fungus) as a step in the fermentation process, drastically reducing its occupancy rate to 3% or less. In particular, lactic acid bacteria suppress the activities of other miscellaneous bacteria while promoting the growth of yeast and accelerating fermentation.

[0062] Subsequently, facultative anaerobic lactic acid bacteria and facultative anaerobic fungi begin to act. "Facultative anaerobic" means that they can act according to the conditions whether oxygen is present or not.

[0063] Subsequently, actinomycetes, which are bacteria that produce antibacterial substances, start to act. Actinomycetes are bacteria that extend hyphae like mold radially.

[0064] Among actinomycetes, there are those that become pathogens of animals and plants, but they can produce antibacterial substances and sterilize anaerobic bacteria, viruses, pathogens, Rickettsia (a general term for certain pathogens, including the bacteria that cause typhus fever) in the soil.

[0065] The inhibitory action of the antibacterial substance reduces the occupancy rate of anaerobic Fusarium to zero. This is due to the aerobic sterilization action and anaerobic sterilization action starting to work in conjunction. This can suppress the growth of anaerobic microorganisms.

[0066] After that, nitrogen-fixing bacteria such as Azotobacter, Amylobacter, and Rhizobium take in and fix nitrogen to produce nitrogen fertilizer.

[0067] Nitrogen is an essential element for organisms and is also indispensable for the growth of plants. It is one of the elements that make up proteins, but most organisms cannot directly utilize nitrogen in the air. Therefore, nitrogen-fixing bacteria play an important role. For example, nitrogen-fixing bacteria produce ammonia or nitric acid from nitrogen, plants absorb it and grow, and animals eat it, and nitrogen is supplied to many organisms through this food chain.

[0068] Specific Rhizobium with the function of nitrogen fixation symbiotically exist in the roots of plants such as legumes and relatives of beech trees.

[0069] Finally, photosynthetic microorganisms, algae and fungi, and chemosynthetic microorganisms take in carbon dioxide, nitrogen, etc., and through photosynthesis and chemosynthesis, produce energy from the decomposed products of decomposing bacteria, organic matter, and inorganic matter.

[0070] In addition, in the case of hydroponic cultivation, unlike soil cultivation, the seeds of the plant are sown and raised in a facility separate from the hydroponic facility, and when they have grown to an appropriate extent for transplantation of the seedlings of the plant, they are transplanted into the hydroponic facility for cultivation. There is no risk of mold or putrid odor from the soil, but if root rot occurs, decay progresses due to anaerobic microorganisms. The present invention can sterilize anaerobic bacteria, viruses, pathogenic bacteria, rickettsia (a general term for certain pathogenic bacteria, including the bacteria that cause typhus), etc. as described above.

[0071] Figure 4 shows the state of the cultivation shelf 2, and the lettuce 13 is irradiated with the LED light 14. Since the LED light 14 for plant growth has a high output, it can brightly illuminate the room.

[0072] The nutrient solution supplied to the plurality of cultivation shelves 2 as the hydroponic cultivation medium 1 in the clean room 3 is then recovered and returned to the fermentation tank 6 of the circulation pump 10 of the second relay tank 9, and composite fermentation is promoted in the synthesis tank 7 and supplied to the cultivation shelf 2 again.

[0073] In addition, the replenishment and addition of the composite fermentation solution 13 in the fermentation tank 6 may be performed about once every six months, and the amount of input may be 0.1 to 0.4%.

[0074] It is also possible to add Hyponex solution 6-10-5 and other liquid fertilizers together with the composite fermentation solution 13.

[0075] Figure 3 shows the lettuce 23 grown in the hydroponic cultivation system of the present invention. Among the losses of open-field vegetables, which are said to be 30% to 50%, the lettuce 23 grown in the hydroponic cultivation system of the present invention does not use pesticides during cultivation, so the processing work can be simplified and the loss rate can be suppressed to about 5%.

Explanation of reference numerals

[0076] 1…Hydroponic cultivation bed 2…Cultivation shed 3…Clean room 4…Changing room 5…Disinfection room 6…Fermentation tank 7…Synthesis tank 8…First relay tank 9…Second relay tank 10…Circulation pump 11…Blower equipment 12…Biocatalyst cloth 13…Composite fermentation solution 14…LED light 15…Seeding mat 23…Lettuce 101…Soil 103…Nozzle 110…Greenhouse 120…Recovery tank 130…Fermentation tank 131…Blower 132…Diffuser pipe 133…Valve 140…Fermentation synthesis tank 140A…Sub-unit tank 141…Blower 142…Diffuser pipe 143…Valve 150…Storage tank 151…Blower 152…Diffuser pipe 153…Valve 154…Pump 160…Supply unit

Claims

1. A hydroponic cultivation system that prepares nutrient solution in a batch and supplies it to a plurality of cultivation shelves as a hydroponic cultivation medium while circulating it. The cultivation shelves are installed in a clean room. As a filtration device, a fermentation tank, a synthesis tank, and relay tanks (first and second) are installed outside the clean room. A composite fermentation solution is added to the stored fermentation tank, and the nutrient solution supplied to the cultivation shelves in the clean room through the first relay tank is recovered and returned to the fermentation tank by the circulation pump of the second relay tank. A hydroponic cultivation system characterized by this.

2. The composite fermentation solution enables the coexistence and co-prosperity of anaerobic bacteria, aerobic bacteria, and facultative anaerobic bacteria through symbiosis. In the prepared water, molasses, okara, and leaves selected from any of pine, bamboo, plum, fig, chestnut, peach, and persimmon are added to the plant extract. First, lactic acid fermentation, which is a facultative anaerobic fermentation by lactic acid bacteria, is caused. Furthermore, fermentation bacteria and yeast produce physiologically active substances such as amino acids, sugars, vitamins, and minerals, suppressing aerobic Fusarium (oxidizing bacteria). Then, following the lactic acid bacteria, fermentation bacteria, and yeast, antibacterial substances are produced by aerobic actinomycetes, suppressing viruses, pathogenic bacteria, rickettsia, and Fusarium. Then, photosynthetic bacteria are added with a time lag from the actinomycetes. The photosynthetic bacteria take in gases such as carbon dioxide gas and nitrogen gas and perform energy substitution and exchange such as photosynthesis. As a result, an ecosystem of composite fermentation is formed in which aerobic bacteria and anaerobic bacteria can coexist and co-prosper through symbiosis as facultative anaerobic bacteria. The supernatant is collected and obtained as composite fermentation malt. The hydroponic cultivation system according to claim 1, wherein the composite fermentation malt is added with prepared water, molasses for inducing aerobic fermentation, and an anaerobic base for inducing anaerobic fermentation.

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