Construction observation system

Abstract

To provide a construction observation system that predicts a collapse of scaffolding set up at a construction site of a building in advance and prevents such a collapse accident.SOLUTION: In a construction observation system where a collapse predictor 5 is installed, the collapse predictor 5 detects an inclination and a vibration of scaffolding at a construction site, and periodically sends detection information to a management server 8. The management server 8 manages a risk of the collapse based on the detection information received, and takes appropriate action together with a construction company.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] When building a new building or renovating a building, construction workers set up scaffolding, but this invention relates to a construction observation system that predicts the collapse of the scaffolding in advance. [Background technology]

[0002] For building construction, metal rods are assembled into a grid pattern to create scaffolding for construction workers, but in recent years, there have been an increasing number of accidents in which scaffolding collapses due to strong winds or earthquakes, especially during large-scale repairs to apartment buildings. In order to predict scaffolding collapses in advance, the present invention monitors the inclination of the scaffolding, and when the inclination exceeds a specified value, it determines that there is a risk of collapse and contacts the construction company.

[0003] Patent Document 1 describes a system in which an acceleration sensor is provided on a utility pole, the tilt angle of the utility pole is calculated from the acceleration sensor output, and the collapse of the utility pole is predicted. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] Patent Publication No. 2018-4387 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] By observing the inclination of scaffolding and the walking conditions of construction workers, the system judges the risk of collapse and provides information to construction companies so that they can take appropriate pre-emptive measures. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] Scaffolding sensors are installed at appropriate locations on construction scaffolding, and when strong winds or earthquakes occur, the scaffolding sensor information is observed and reported to the construction company. Depending on the sensor information, on-site image information may also be utilized, allowing the construction company to take prompt and appropriate action. Effect of the Invention

[0007] Since the risk of collapse at a construction site can be predicted in advance and appropriate measures can be taken, collapse accidents can be prevented. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0008] [Figure 1a] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the configuration of a construction observation system when a private wireless communication network is used in the present invention. [Figure 1b] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a construction observation system according to the present invention when a private wireless communication network is not used. [Figure 2a] FIG. 13 is a diagram showing scaffolding being assembled for repairs to an apartment building according to the present invention. [Figure 2b] This is a diagram showing the tilted appearance of the assembled scaffolding during the repair of an apartment building according to the present invention. [Diagram 3] FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the internal configuration of a collapse predictor of the construction observation system according to the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0009] The present invention will now be described with reference to the drawings. As an embodiment of the present invention, an example of large-scale repair work for an apartment building, mainly exterior wall painting work, will be shown.

[0010] During large-scale repairs, as shown in Figure 2a, scaffolding made of metal rods arranged in a lattice pattern is erected on the outside of the apartment building (building), and metal plate walkways for workmen to walk on are also assembled on each floor of the scaffolding (not shown).

[0011] This pattern is shown in Figure 2a, and is a scene that is often seen in residential areas. In recent years, there has been a tendency for accidents in which this scaffolding suddenly collapses, possibly due to abnormal weather, sudden strong winds, or earthquakes. In the present invention, as shown in Figure 2a, collapse predictors are installed near the intersections of the lattice-like scaffolding and at various other locations, making it possible to detect when the scaffolding is tilted. The collapse predictors may be installed one on each of the four sides of a rectangular building, one on each floor, or near all of the intersections of the scaffolding.

[0012] Figure 2b shows the scaffold with a slight tilt.

[0013] FIG. 1a shows the overall configuration of the construction observation system according to the present invention when a private wireless communication network is used at a construction site, in which 1 is the private wireless communication network, 2 is a public connection unit, 3 is a weather information provider, 4 is a construction company, 5 is a plurality of collapse predictors installed on the scaffolding at the construction site, 6 is a camera, 7 is a public wireless communication network, and 8 is a management server. As the private wireless communication network, a wireless communication network such as Lora is preferable because it extends the battery life, saves power, and reduces communication costs, but the communication area is several kilometers, and the public wireless communication network 7 is used for communication with the construction company 4 and the weather information provider 3 that are far from the construction site. The public connection unit 2 makes it possible to connect the private wireless communication network 1 and the public wireless communication network 7. It is preferable that the management server 8 manages all construction sites on a prefecture or city basis, but it may be on a construction company basis.

[0014] The configuration when the private wireless communication network 1 is not used at the construction site, but the public wireless communication network 7 is used, is shown in Fig. 1b. Information from all the installed collapse predictors 5 is communicated to the construction company 4 via the management server 8.

[0015] Camera 6 in Figures 1a and 1b photographs the tilt condition of the construction site near the collapse predictor 5 when construction company 4 determines that on-site images are necessary based on information from the collapse detector. Camera 6 also has a zoom function (not shown) and a mechanism that can change the shooting angle in order to photograph the area near the installed collapse predictor 5. It is preferable to install camera 6 on a utility pole, street light, or tree that overlooks the construction site, but if this is not possible, it should be installed in a location (a building or apartment building) that overlooks the construction site.

[0016] Figure 3 shows the internal configuration of the collapse predictor 5. Reference numeral 10 denotes a foothold sensor, 11 denotes a situation recognition unit, 12 denotes a wireless communication circuit, 13 denotes a microphone, 14 denotes a sound analysis unit, 15 denotes a sampling circuit, 16 denotes a battery, and 17 denotes a battery remaining capacity detection circuit. Every collapse predictor is assigned a unique ID number.

[0017] An accelerometer is used as the scaffolding sensor 10, and it also outputs three-dimensional tilt information of x, y, and z, as well as impact information and vibration information. From this information, the situation recognition unit 11 recognizes five ranks: (1) the scaffolding is stationary, (2) a person is moving on the scaffolding, (3) the scaffolding is shaking, (4) the scaffolding is tilted, and (5) the foot is at a dangerous level close to collapse, and reports the information to the management server 8 via the wireless communication circuit 12. The sampling circuit 15 outputs the sense timing to the scaffolding sensor 10, and the sense cycle is set to once a day under normal circumstances, but since collapse accidents occur at night when construction is suspended or on holidays, the sense cycle is set to 30 minutes during construction suspension, 15 minutes when a strong wind forecast is delivered to the management server 8 from the weather information provider 3, and 5 minutes when the inclination of the scaffolding is recognized. The sense cycle is delivered to the collapse predictor 5 via the management server 8 based on information on suspension of construction, weather information, tilt information, etc.

[0018] The collapse predictor 5 has a built-in microphone 13, and in order to recognize the above-mentioned (2) a person moving on the scaffolding and (3) the scaffolding shaking, a sound analysis unit 14 performs frequency analysis of the microphone sound and sound generation period analysis, and the results are used. When the output of the situation recognition unit 11 is (4) or (5), a request is made to the camera 6 to take an image. The taken image is sent to the construction company 4 via the public wireless communication network 7 and the management server 8. The content of the image is basically a one-minute video, but the construction company 4 that observed the video instructs the camera 6 on the video shooting time, shooting of high-resolution still images, the zoom ratio of the camera 6, the shooting angle, etc., via the public wireless communication network 7 from the management server 8, and these are followed.

[0019] The construction company 4, based on the danger level information for each scaffolding, if the level judgment of two adjacent collapse predictors 5 is both 5 (described below), or either 5 or 4, will set the sense cycle to 1 minute to determine the continuation of the danger level, and will also try to extend the video length of the captured images to 5 minutes, increase the zoom ratio, etc., to closely observe the images. If it determines that the scaffolding is at a risk of collapse, it will dispatch personnel to the construction site and carry out work to reinforce the scaffolding assembly.

[0020] In addition, since there is a site supervisor at the construction site, regardless of the danger level information described above, if the site supervisor determines that the scaffolding is in a danger zone of collapse, reinforcement work will be carried out.

[0021] Table 1 shows an example of five types of situation recognition performed by the situation recognition unit 11 from four sensor information: tilt, impact, vibration, and sound. At level 1, all sensor outputs are 0, indicating that there is nothing abnormal with the foothold and that it is stationary. At level 2, human movement is detected when there is output specific to vibration and sound, even if the tilt is 0. At level 3, shaking of the foothold is detected together with sound when the vibration exceeds a certain value. The sound analysis unit 14 recognizes that a person is walking from the length and period of the sound, and if the length of the sound is instantaneous, recognizes that something has bumped into the foothold along with the impact sensor information, and recognizes that the foothold is vibrating due to the influence of wind along with the vibration sensor information from frequency component analysis.

[0022] At level 4, the scaffold is recognized as inclined when the inclination angle is greater than or equal to a certain value (angle) c and less than or equal to d. At level 5, when the inclination is greater than or equal to d, the scaffold is recognized as being at a risk of collapse. For the vibrations and sounds in Table 1, the magnitude and frequency of the vibrations, the magnitude and occurrence period of the sounds, and the frequencies output from the situation recognition unit 11 are abbreviated as a, b, e, g, j, .... In Table 1, the output of the impact sensor is not used for situation judgment, but the impact information is recorded in the scaffold management table of Table 2, which manages the entire scaffold, to be described later, and is used during daily and periodic inspections of the scaffold by the construction supervisor. The danger level information of all the collapse predictors 5 is transmitted to the management server 8, but when the battery remaining amount detection circuit 17 of the collapse predictor 5 detects that the battery remaining amount is low, that information is also transmitted. The information in Table 1 can be viewed on a mobile phone by the construction supervisor by loading viewing software on the mobile phone.

[0023] At night or on holidays when construction is suspended, suspicious individuals may enter construction sites and steal construction materials. At such times, there are changes in the vibration, sound, and sometimes shock of the scaffolding. When there is no information on wind or earthquakes, if sound, vibration, or shock is detected, it is assumed that a suspicious individual is present, and the sampling period is set to one minute, and if the situation recognition unit 11 recognizes that a person is walking, it requests the management server 8 to take an image with the camera 6. At this time, at night, it also requests that the lighting installed at the construction site be turned on, although this is not shown in the figure. By turning on the lighting, the face and physique of the suspicious individual become easier to discern from the captured image.

[0024] [Table 1] When the scaffolding is tilted (at levels 3, 4, and 5), the site supervisor considers the cause, such as whether it was a natural, gradual tilt or a sudden tilt due to strong winds, whether the strength and frequency of the vibrations output by the scaffolding sensor 10, which indicates the shaking of the scaffolding, are caused by the work being done at the time or the effects of the wind, whether the volume and frequency of the sound are due to the work being done at the time, whether it is the footsteps of workers walking on the scaffolding, how many workers are there, and so on, and makes a separate required report to the construction company 4, and consults with them if the cause is unclear. By examining the cause in this way and consulting with the construction company, the construction supervisor can improve his supervision skills.

[0025] If the inclination angle exceeds a certain angle such as 40 degrees, it is determined that the scaffolding has collapsed, and the management server 8 makes a telephone call to the construction company 4, and the police or government office that manages the construction site. Regardless of the inclination angle information, when the site supervisor looks at the site and determines that it has collapsed, the supervisor's judgment takes precedence.

[0026] Table 2 is a scaffolding management table, which shows how information on the collapse predictors 5 installed at construction sites is managed by the management server 8. In Table 2, predictors refer to the collapse predictors 5, and the numbers in the table refer to the collapse levels mentioned above, with S indicating that an impact has been received. Information obtained from the weather information provider 3 is entered for wind force and seismic intensity, but construction sites may also install their own anemometers and seismic intensity meters. A new table is created on a daily basis for this management.

[0027] As part of their daily work, the on-site supervisor will observe and inspect the scaffolding near the S and 3 predictors while looking at Table 2 to check for any abnormalities, and if necessary, will carry out corrective work such as re-tightening the scaffolding assembly. In addition, they will replace or recharge the batteries in any predictors that detect a low battery. The details of these inspections and work are also recorded in Table 2 by the construction supervisor using a mobile phone.

[0028] In general, it is thought that repeated occurrence of level 3 (there is vibration in the scaffolding but only slight tilt) can trigger level 4 (the tilt is large but not yet to the point of danger of collapse), but when the frequency of occurrence of level 3 increases, it will be necessary to take countermeasures such as installing vibration-absorbing materials at the intersections of the scaffolding grid.

[0029] [Table 2] During construction, there should be no workers walking on the scaffolding during lunch breaks or outside of daily working hours (9:00 to 17:00). When Level 2 is detected at such times, Construction Company 4 can assume that overtime work is taking place on-site and, by inquiring with the site supervisor and discussing the actual situation of the construction, can optimize labor management.

[0030] In the above explanation, the recognition of the danger level by the situation recognition unit 11 of the collapse predictor 5 can also be performed by the management server 8, in which case the outputs of the foothold sensor 10 and microphone 13 are guided to the wireless communication circuit 12, the situation recognition unit 11 and sound analysis unit 14 become unnecessary, and signal 2 in Table 3 is replaced by the foothold sensor output and microphone output.

[0031] Next, the signals exchanged between the collapse predictor 5, the camera 6, the management server 8, the construction company 4, and the weather information provider 3 are summarized and described in Table 3.

[0032] [Table 3] The management server 8 manages the ever-changing information in Tables 1 and 2 for each construction site and for each construction company, and this management status can be viewed by each construction company. Table 4 is a compilation of the information in Tables 1 and 2, and is a table for construction management companies on a prefecture-by-prefecture basis to manage the construction status.

[0033] [Table 4] At the construction site, the construction supervisor checks the scaffolding management sheet every day and repairs any areas near tilted scaffolding as needed, but if the number of Level 3 repairs is high compared to the number of repairs, the overall management company will determine whether there is a problem with the quality of the repair work or whether the joint strength of the scaffolding grid needs to be reinforced, and will take necessary measures to improve the ability to prevent scaffolding collapses in advance.In addition, based on the overall management information in Table 4, measures such as devising a way to attach the scaffolding grid to be used in the next construction project will also be considered.

[0034] As described above, the present invention provides a construction observation system that uses mainly scaffolding inclination and vibration information, as well as the impact, sound, and images of the scaffolding, in order to prevent the collapse of scaffolding at a construction site, and in which the site supervisor, construction company, and overall management company work together to predict the risk of collapse in advance.

[0035] Furthermore, the present invention can be used not only at building construction sites, but also at golf driving ranges, where the collapse detector can be installed on the grid supporting the wire mesh to prevent the wire mesh from collapsing. [Industrial Applicability]

[0036] A new product called a collapse predictor has been mass-produced, which can prevent collapses at construction sites and reduce accidents and disasters. [Explanation of symbols]

[0037] 1. Private wireless communication network 2. Public connection 3. Weather Information Providers 4.Construction company 5. Collapse Predictor 6. Camera 7. Public wireless communication networks 8. Management Server 10. Foothold Sensor 11. Situational Awareness Section 12. Wireless communication circuits 13. Mike 14.Sound Analysis Department 15. Sampling circuit 16.Battery 17. Battery level detection circuit

Claims

1. A construction observation system characterized in that a management server and a collapse predictor installed on scaffolding at a construction site are connected via a wireless communication network, the collapse predictor has a scaffolding sensor, a situation recognition unit, and a wireless communication circuit, the collapse risk level of the scaffolding is recognized from the scaffolding inclination information and vibration information obtained from the scaffolding sensor, the collapse risk level of the installed collapse predictor is transmitted to the management server, and when the management server determines that the scaffolding is at a risk of collapse, it requests the dispatch of construction workers to the construction site.

2. 2. The construction observation system according to claim 1, wherein the recognition of the collapse risk level by said situation recognition unit is executed by a management server.

3. 2. The construction monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein the scaffolding sensor includes an impact sensor and a sound sensor, and the sensor output is utilized to recognize the danger level of the scaffolding.

4. 2. A construction observation system according to claim 1, wherein when it is determined that the scaffolding is at a dangerous level of collapsing, an instruction is given to a camera for photographing the construction site to take photographs.

5. 2. A construction observation system according to claim 1, characterized in that the danger level of the scaffolding is classified into ranks according to whether the scaffolding is stationary, whether someone is moving on the scaffolding, whether the scaffolding is shaking, whether the scaffolding is tilting, and whether the footing is at a danger level of collapse.

6. A construction observation system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that a privately-operated wireless communication network is used at the construction site as the wireless communication network, and the collapse predictor and the public connection unit are connected to the privately-operated wireless communication network.

7. 2. A construction observation system according to claim 1, wherein the sensing period of said foothold sensor is changed according to weather information and inclination information.

8. 2. The construction observation system according to claim 1, wherein said collapse predictor detects an intrusion of a suspicious person into the construction site outside construction hours based on sound information.

Images