Liquefied hydrogen evaporator

Abstract

To provide a liquefied hydrogen evaporator that can prevent the generation of liquefied air.SOLUTION: A liquefied hydrogen evaporator comprises: a shell comprising a first opening and a second opening; a flow pipe penetrating the shell through the first opening and the second opening, the flow pipe configured to guide liquefied hydrogen into the shell from the first opening, and discharge hydrogen gas into which the liquefied hydrogen has been vaporized by exchanging heat with a liquid medium that is antifreeze liquid or warm water, to the outside of the shell from the second opening; a partition wall partitioning an internal space of the shell into a first space filled with the liquid medium, and a second space that is a vacuum heat insulation space facing the first opening, and connected to the shell; and an outer pipe extending to the outside of the shell from an edge part of the first opening in the shell. The partition wall comprises a through hole at a position separated from an inner wall of the shell. The flow pipe passes through the through hole, and is connected to an edge part of the through hole in the partition wall.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to an evaporator for liquefied hydrogen that evaporates liquefied hydrogen.

Background Art

[0002] Since the standard boiling point of liquefied hydrogen is approximately -253 degrees, when air is cooled by liquefied hydrogen, it becomes liquefied air. The heat exchanger disclosed in Patent Document 1 includes, for example, a shell in which a heat exchange chamber filled with an intermediate medium such as air is formed, and the liquid hydrogen and the gas to be cooled are directly or indirectly heat-exchanged in the heat exchange chamber; a tray provided in the heat exchange chamber for receiving the liquefied air generated in the heat exchange chamber by heat exchange and deposits such as solid nitrogen; and a drainage mechanism for draining the liquefied air from the tray while leaving the deposits on the tray.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0003]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0004] In an evaporator for liquefied hydrogen that evaporates liquefied hydrogen, an evaporator for liquefied hydrogen that prevents the generation of liquefied air is desired.

[0005] Therefore, an object of the present disclosure is to provide an evaporator for liquefied hydrogen that can prevent the generation of liquefied air.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0006] To solve the above problems, an evaporator for liquefied hydrogen according to one aspect of the present disclosure includes a shell having a first opening and a second opening, and a through-flow pipe passing through the shell through the first opening and the second opening, the through-flow pipe introducing liquefied hydrogen into the shell from the first opening and discharging hydrogen gas vaporized from the liquefied hydrogen by heat exchange with a liquid medium that is an antifreeze or warm water out of the shell from the second opening, a partition wall connected to the shell partitioning the internal space of the shell into a first space filled with the liquid medium and a second space that is a vacuum-insulated space facing the first opening, and an outer pipe extending outward from an edge of the first opening in the shell, the partition wall having a through-hole at a position spaced apart from the inner wall of the shell, the through-flow pipe passing through the through-hole and being connected to an edge of the through-hole in the partition wall.

Effect of the Invention

[0007] According to the present disclosure, it is possible to provide an evaporator for liquefied hydrogen that can prevent the generation of liquefied air.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0008]

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Modes for Carrying Out the Invention

[0009] Hereinafter, embodiments will be described with reference to the drawings.

[0010] <First Embodiment> FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a hydrogen liquefier evaporator 1A according to the first embodiment. The hydrogen liquefier evaporator 1A described in this embodiment includes a shell 2 and a flow-through pipe 3 passing through the shell 2. The evaporator 1A evaporates the liquefied hydrogen flowing through the flow-through pipe 3 by heat exchange with a liquid medium in the shell 2. In this embodiment, the liquid medium is an antifreeze, but the liquid medium may be warm water.

[0011] The shell 2 is a horizontally placed cylindrical container. In this embodiment, the shell 2 is composed of three separate split pieces. Specifically, the shell 2 includes a cylindrical body portion 11 and a pair of closing portions 12 and 13 that close the openings on both sides of the body portion 11. The closing portions 12 and 13 are substantially hemispherical and open toward the body portion 11. The body portion 11 and the pair of closing portions 12 and 13 are connected to each other to form the internal space of the shell 2.

[0012] The shell 2 has an inlet 2a and an outlet 2b. An inlet port 4 extends outward from the inlet 2a of the shell 2. An outlet port 5 extends outward from the outlet 2b of the shell 2. The liquid medium flows into the shell 2 through the inlet 2a and flows out of the shell 2 through the outlet 2b. The inlet 2a is arranged in one of the pair of closing portions 12, and the outlet 2b is arranged in the other closing portion 13.

[0013] The shell 2 has a first opening 2c and a second opening 2d. In this embodiment, the first opening 2c and the second opening 2d are arranged in the closing portion 13. The flow-through pipe 3 passes through the shell 2 through the first opening 2c and the second opening 2d.

[0014] The flow-through pipe 3 allows liquid hydrogen or hydrogen gas evaporated from liquid hydrogen to flow through. The upstream end 3a of the flow-through pipe 3 is connected to a liquid hydrogen supply source via a pipe such as pipe 101. The downstream end 3b of the flow-through pipe 3 is connected to a hydrogen gas supply destination via a pipe such as pipe 103. The flow-through pipe 3 guides liquid hydrogen into the shell 2 from the first opening 2c. Inside the shell 2, the liquid hydrogen flowing through the flow-through pipe 3 evaporates into hydrogen gas through heat exchange with the liquid medium inside the shell 2. The flow-through pipe 3 discharges the hydrogen gas into which the liquid hydrogen has vaporized outside the shell 2 from the second opening 2d.

[0015] The flow-through pipe 3 is in contact with the edge of the second opening 2d in the shell 2 over the entire circumference. The flow-through pipe 3 is fixed to the edge of the second opening 2d in the shell 2 (more specifically, the closing portion 13), for example, by welding. On the other hand, the flow-through pipe 3 is not in contact with the edge of the first opening 2c in the shell 2.

[0016] From the edge of the first opening 2c in the shell 2, the outer pipe 6 extends outward of the shell 2. The outer pipe 6 is fixed to the edge of the first opening 2c in the shell 2, for example, by welding. The flow-through pipe 3 passes through the inside of the outer pipe 6 at a distance from the outer pipe 6. The space between the outer pipe 6 and the flow-through pipe 3 is the vacuum insulation space S3. In this way, the outer pipe 6 and the portion of the flow-through pipe 3 covered by the outer pipe 6 constitute a vacuum-insulated double pipe T1.

[0017] The end of the vacuum-insulated double pipe T1 is connected via a double-pipe joint 7 to another vacuum-insulated double pipe T2 that guides liquid hydrogen to the evaporator 1A. The vacuum-insulated double pipe T2 has an inner pipe 101 through which liquid hydrogen flows, an outer pipe 102 that covers the inner pipe 101, and a vacuum insulation space between the inner pipe 101 and the outer pipe 102.

[0018] The double pipe joint 7 enables connection and disconnection between the vacuum insulation double pipes T1 and T2. The double pipe joint 7 is a well-known joint, for example, a bayonet joint. For example, the double pipe joint 7 has a connection part 7a that connects the outer pipe 6 and the flow-through pipe 3. The connection part 7a is annular and closes the vacuum insulation space S3 between the outer pipe 6 and the flow-through pipe 3. In order to increase the heat transfer distance, the connection location between the connection part 7a and the outer pipe 6 and the connection location between the connection part 7a and the flow-through pipe 3 are offset in the axial direction.

[0019] A partition wall 8 is arranged in the internal space of the shell 2. The partition wall 8 partitions the internal space of the shell 2 into a first space S1 filled with a liquid medium and a second space S2 that is vacuum. The second space S2 is connected to the vacuum insulation space S3 between the outer pipe 6 and the flow-through pipe 3 outside the shell 2 through the first opening 2c.

[0020] In the present embodiment, the second space S2 is substantially cylindrical. The partition wall 8 has a pipe part 8a extending inward of the shell 2 and an annular closing part 8b that connects the pipe part 8a and the flow-through pipe 3 inside the shell 2 and closes the second space S2 between the pipe part 8a and the flow-through pipe 3. The pipe part 8a and the outer pipe 6 have the same diameter.

[0021] The partition wall 8 is fixed to the edge of the first opening 2c in the shell 2, for example, by welding. In the present embodiment, at least the pipe part 8a of the partition wall 8 and the outer pipe 6 are an integral pipe member, and by welding the pipe member to the edge of the first opening 2c, the partition wall 8 and the outer pipe 6 are integrally fixed to the shell 2. However, the pipe part 8a and the outer pipe 6 may also be separate members, and the pipe part 8a and the outer pipe 6 may be individually connected to the shell 2 by welding. The closing part 8b is substantially hemispherical, but may have another shape such as a disk shape.

[0022] The partition wall 8 has a through-hole 8c at a position spaced apart from the inner wall of the shell 2. The through-hole 8c is disposed at the center of the closing portion 8b. The flow pipe 3 passes through the through-hole 8c of the partition wall 8 and is connected to the edge of the through-hole 8c in the partition wall 8. The flow pipe 3 is fixed to the edge of the through-hole 8c in the partition wall 8, for example, by welding. In the following description, the connection portion between the partition wall 8 and the flow pipe 3 is referred to as connection portion X1, and the connection portion between the partition wall 8 and the shell 2 is referred to as connection portion X2.

[0023] The direction in which the flow pipe 3 passes through the first opening 2c is the direction in which the outer pipe 6 extends. When viewed in the direction in which the flow pipe 3 passes through the first opening 2c, the connection portions X1 and X2 are displaced in the radial direction. More specifically, when viewed in the direction in which the flow pipe 3 passes through the first opening 2c, the connection portion X2 between the shell 2 and the partition wall 8 is located radially outward of the connection portion X1 between the flow pipe 3 and the partition wall 8.

[0024] The connection portion X1 between the flow pipe 3 and the partition wall 8 is located between the inlet 2a and the outlet 2b in the direction from the inlet 2a to the outlet 2b. In the present embodiment, the direction from the inlet 2a to the outlet 2b coincides with the direction from the closing portion 12 to the closing portion 13 in the longitudinal direction of the shell 2. That is, the connection portion X1 is located between the inlet 2a and the outlet 2b in the longitudinal direction of the shell 2.

[0025] Further, the connection portion X1 between the flow pipe 3 and the partition wall 8 is located in the region on the side of the closing portion 13 with respect to the connection surface between the body portion 11, which is two split pieces, and the closing portion 13. However, the connection portion X1 may be located in the region on the side of the body portion 11 with respect to the connection surface between the body portion 11 and the closing portion 13.

[0026] The flow-through pipe 3 extends linearly or curvingly from the first opening 2c of the blocking portion 13 toward the blocking portion 12 side, turns back in the vicinity of the blocking portion 12, and extends linearly or curvingly to the second opening 2d of the blocking portion 13. The flow-through pipe 3 is a coil tube. At least a part of the flow-through pipe 3 is spiral in the first space S1. The spiral portion of the flow-through pipe 3 serves to absorb the thermal contraction of the flow-through pipe 3. In FIGS. 1 and FIGS. 2 and 3 described later, the flow-through pipe 3 constituting one flow path in the shell 2 is shown, but the flow-through pipe 3 may be configured to branch from one flow path into a plurality of flow paths in the shell 2 and then merge with each other again after the branching.

[0027] A pipe support 9 is disposed in the shell 2. The pipe support 9 supports the flow-through pipe 3 in the first space S1. The pipe support 9 is fixed to the inner wall of the shell 2, for example. The position, shape, number, etc. of the pipe support 9 are not particularly limited. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, the pipe support 9 may extend from the inner wall of the shell 2 in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the shell 2 and in the horizontal direction. Alternatively, the pipe support 9 may protrude upward from the bottom surface of the inner wall of the shell 2 to support the flow-through pipe 3 from below. Alternatively, the pipe support 9 may support the flow-through pipe 3 by suspension. The pipe support 9 may be directly connected and fixed to the shell 2, or may be indirectly connected and fixed to the shell 2 via a separate member fixed to the shell 2 by welding or the like.

[0028] The pipe support 9 is in contact with the flow-through pipe 3 but is not fixed to the flow-through pipe 3. That is, the pipe support 9 supports the flow-through pipe 3 so as to be displaceable with respect to the flow-through pipe 3. For this reason, when the flow-through pipe 3 thermally contracts, the pipe support 9 does not prevent the flow-through pipe 3 from displacing toward the blocking portion 13 side where there is a portion fixing the flow-through pipe 3. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the generation of stress between the pipe support 9 and the flow-through pipe 3 due to the thermal contraction of the flow-through pipe 3.

[0029] The outer tube 6 has a bellows 6a. The bellows 6a absorbs the thermal contraction of the flow-through tube 3. More specifically, outside the shell 2, the end of the flow-through tube 3 and the end of the outer tube 6 are fixed to the connection portion 7a of the double-tube joint 7 of the present embodiment. When the flow-through tube 3 thermally contracts, the bellows 6a of the outer tube 6 deforms, so that the end of the outer tube 6 and the end of the flow-through tube 3 are integrally displaced toward the shell 2.

[0030] As described above, in the evaporator 1A according to the present embodiment, since the heat medium cooled by the liquefied hydrogen by heat exchange with the liquefied hydrogen is a liquid medium such as an antifreeze or warm water, no liquefied air is generated even when the heat medium is cooled.

[0031] Also, the cold heat of the liquefied hydrogen flowing through the flow-through tube 3 is transmitted to the shell 2 through the partition wall 8. Since the partition wall 8 is connected to the flow-through tube 3 at the edge of the through-hole 8c at a location separated from the inner wall of the shell 2, a heat transfer path for the cold heat from the connection location X1 between the flow-through tube 3 and the partition wall 8 to the connection location X2 between the shell 2 and the partition wall 8 is ensured, and heat exchange occurs between the liquid medium in the first space S1 and the partition wall 8 in the cold heat transfer path. Therefore, in the vicinity of the connection location X2, liquefaction of the air outside the shell 2 due to the cold heat transmitted from the flow-through tube 3 to the shell 2 through the partition wall 8, and icing, frosting, and dew condensation caused by the cold heat can be suppressed.

[0032] Also, in the present embodiment, since the outer tube 6 has the bellows 6a, the thermal contraction of the flow-through tube 3 when the liquefied hydrogen flows can be absorbed by the bellows 6a. Therefore, when the double-tube joint 7 is displaced with respect to the shell 2 due to the thermal contraction of the flow-through tube 3, it is possible to suppress the bellows 6a from deforming and applying unnecessary stress to the outer tube 6.

[0033] Also, in the present embodiment, since the flow-through tube 3 and the partition wall 8 are fixed to one of the pair of closing portions 12, 13, i.e., the closing portion 13, in the manufacturing process of the evaporator 1A, the connection work of the flow-through tube 3 and the partition wall 8 to the shell 2, for example, welding work, etc. becomes easier.

[0034] In addition, in the present embodiment, since the connection portion between the flow-through pipe 3 and the partition wall 8 is located between the inlet 2a and the outlet 2b in the direction from the inlet 2a to the outlet 2b, the circulation of the liquid medium facing the partition wall 8 proceeds. Therefore, heat exchange between the liquid medium in the first space S1 and the partition wall 8 can be promoted.

[0035] In addition, in the present embodiment, when viewed in the direction in which the flow-through pipe 3 passes through the first opening 2c, the connection portion X1 between the flow-through pipe 3 and the partition wall 8 and the connection portion X2 between the shell 2 and the partition wall 8 are displaced. Therefore, the distance of the heat transfer path from the connection portion X1 between the flow-through pipe 3 and the partition wall 8 to the connection portion X2 between the shell 2 and the partition wall 8 is ensured, and heat exchange between the liquid medium in the first space S1 and the partition wall 8 can be promoted.

[0036] In addition, in the present embodiment, since the joint 7 enables the separation of the vacuum-insulated double pipes T1 and T2 from each other, the maintenance of the evaporator 1A becomes easy.

[0037] <Second Embodiment> FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of a hydrogen liquefier evaporator 1B according to the second embodiment. In the present embodiment and the third embodiment described later, the same or similar elements as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals in the drawings, and detailed descriptions thereof are omitted.

[0038] In the present embodiment, with respect to the partition wall 20 that partitions the internal space of the shell 2 into the first space S1 and the second space S2, the shape thereof and the connection portion with the shell 2 are different from those of the partition wall 8 in the first embodiment.

[0039] In the present embodiment, the partition wall 20 has a hemispherical portion 21 that is substantially hemispherical and opens to the first space S1 side, and an annular flange portion 22 that protrudes outward from the edge of the opening of the hemispherical portion 21. The outer end of the flange portion 22 is connected to the inner wall of the shell 2. In the present embodiment, the outer end of the flange portion 22 is connected to the edge of the opening of the substantially hemispherical closing portion 13. The partition wall 20 is fixed to the shell 2 by, for example, welding.

[0040] The partition wall 20 has through holes 20a and 20b at positions spaced apart from the inner wall of the shell 2. In the present embodiment, the through holes 20a and 20b are disposed in the hemispherical portion 21. The liquefied hydrogen is guided by the flow pipe 3 through the first opening 2c into the second space S2, and then enters the first space S1 from the through hole 20a of the partition wall 20. In the first space S1, the liquefied hydrogen flowing through the flow pipe 3 evaporates into hydrogen gas by heat exchange with the liquid medium inside the shell 2. The hydrogen gas is guided through the flow pipe 3, moves from the first space S1 to the second space S2 through the through hole 20b, and then flows out of the shell 2 through the second opening 2d by the flow pipe 3.

[0041] The flow pipe 3 is fixed, for example, by welding to the edges of the through holes 20a and 20b in the partition wall 20. In the following description, the connection location between the edge of the through hole 20a in the partition wall 20 and the flow pipe 3 is referred to as the connection location X3, and the connection location between the partition wall 20 and the shell 2 is referred to as the connection location X4.

[0042] The direction in which the flow pipe 3 passes through the first opening 2c is the direction in which the outer pipe 6 extends. When viewed in the direction in which the flow pipe 3 passes through the first opening 2c, the connection locations X3 and X4 are radially displaced. More specifically, when viewed in the direction in which the flow pipe 3 passes through the first opening 2c, the connection location X4 between the shell 2 and the partition wall 20 is located radially outward of the connection location X3 between the flow pipe 3 and the partition wall 20.

[0043] When viewed in the direction in which the flow pipe 3 passes through the first opening 2c, the connection location X4 between the shell 2 and the partition wall 20 is located radially outward of the edge of the first opening 2c.

[0044] The connection location X3 between the flow pipe 3 and the partition wall 20 is located between the inlet 2a and the outlet 2b in the direction from the inlet 2a to the outlet 2b. Also, the connection location X3 between the flow pipe 3 and the partition wall 20 is located in the region on the side of the closing portion 13 with respect to the connection surface between the body portion 11 and the closing portion 13, which are two split pieces. However, the connection location X3 may be located in the region on the side of the body portion 11 with respect to the connection surface between the body portion 11 and the closing portion 13.

[0045] Further, the partition wall 20 has a through hole 20c. The through hole 20c is connected to the outlet 2b by a connecting pipe 23. The connecting pipe 23 connects the through hole 20c and the outlet 2b through the second space S2.

[0046] In the present embodiment, the outer pipe 6 does not have a bellows part 6a, and the flow pipe 3 includes a curved part 3c that curves within the second space S2. In the present embodiment, the curved part 3c absorbs the thermal contraction of the flow pipe 3. In the present embodiment, the curved part 3c is curved in a U shape, but the shape of the curved part 3c is not limited to this. The curved part 3c may have any shape that can absorb the thermal contraction of the flow pipe 3 when liquefied hydrogen flows through it.

[0047] Also in the present embodiment, the same effects as those of the first embodiment can be obtained.

[0048] Further, when viewed in the direction in which the flow pipe 3 passes through the first opening 2c, the connection portion X4 between the shell 2 and the partition wall 20 is located radially outward of the edge of the first opening 2c, so that the radial heat transfer distance between the connection portions X3 and X4 can be increased.

[0049] Also in the present embodiment, since the flow pipe 3 includes a curved part 3c that curves within the second space S2, the thermal contraction of the flow pipe 3 can be absorbed by the curved part 3c. Therefore, when the flow pipe 3 thermally contracts, it is possible to suppress the curved part 3c from deforming and applying unnecessary stress to the flow pipe 3.

[0050] <Third Embodiment> FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram of a liquefied hydrogen evaporator 1C according to the third embodiment. In the present embodiment, the shape of the outer pipe 30 is different from that of the outer pipe 6 of the first embodiment.

[0051] The outer pipe 6 includes a small-diameter portion 31 and a large-diameter portion 32 having a diameter larger than that of the small-diameter portion 31. A double-pipe joint 7 is arranged at one end of the small-diameter portion 31. The large-diameter portion 32 is connected to the other end of the small-diameter portion 31. The small-diameter portion 31 is connected to one end of the large-diameter portion 32, and the edge of the first opening 2c is connected to the other end of the large-diameter portion 32. The diameter of the pipe portion 8a of the partition wall 8 is smaller than the diameter of the large-diameter portion 32 of the outer pipe 30. In the present embodiment, the pipe portion 8a and the outer pipe 30 are separate bodies and are individually connected to the shell 2 by welding.

[0052] Unlike the second embodiment, the flow-through pipe 3 includes a curved portion 3c that curves within the third space S3. Specifically, the curved portion 3c is arranged in a space covered by the large-diameter portion 32. The curved portion 3c and the large-diameter portion 32 overlap when viewed in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the large-diameter portion 32.

[0053] Also in this embodiment, the same effects as those of the first embodiment can be obtained.

[0054] Further, in this embodiment, since the curved portion 3c is arranged in a relatively large space covered by the large-diameter portion 32, it is easy to design the curved portion 3c so as not to interfere with the outer pipe 30.

[0055] When viewed in the direction in which the flow-through pipe 3 passes through the first opening 2c, the connection points X1, X2, X5 are displaced. More specifically, when viewed in the direction in which the flow-through pipe 3 passes through the first opening 2c, the connection point X2 between the shell 2 and the partition wall 8 is located radially outward of the connection point X1 between the flow-through pipe 3 and the partition wall 8. Also, when viewed in the direction in which the flow-through pipe 3 passes through the first opening 2c, the connection point X5 between the outer pipe 30 and the shell 2 is located radially outward of the connection point X2 between the shell 2 and the partition wall 8. The connection point X2 is not in contact with the outside air, but the connection point X5 is in contact with the outside air. Therefore, the heat transfer distance from the connection point X1 between the flow-through pipe 3 and the partition wall 8 to the connection point X5 in contact with the outside air can be lengthened.

[0056] <Other Embodiments> The present disclosure is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and its configuration can be changed, added, or deleted.

[0057] For example, the configurations of the first, second, and third embodiments may be appropriately combined. For example, the outer tube 6 of the second embodiment may have the large-diameter portion of the third embodiment, and a part or all of the curved portion for absorbing the thermal contraction of the flow-through tube may be disposed in the space covered by the large-diameter portion.

[0058] Also, in the first embodiment, the outer tube may not have a bellows portion for absorbing the thermal contraction of the flow-through tube, and the flow-through tube may have a curved portion for absorbing the thermal contraction. Further, in the second and third embodiments, the flow-through tube may not have a curved portion for absorbing the thermal contraction, and the outer tube may have a bellows portion for absorbing the thermal contraction of the flow-through tube. Also, the evaporator for liquefied hydrogen may have another configuration for absorbing the thermal contraction of the flow-through tube.

[0059] Also, in the above embodiment, the shell 2 included the cylindrical body portion 11 that was separate from each other and the pair of closing portions 12 and 13, but the configuration of the shell is not limited thereto. For example, the shell may not be a horizontally placed cylindrical container, and may be a vertically placed cylindrical container. The shapes of the closing portions 12 and 13 may be the same as or different from each other. The closing portions 12 and 13 may not be substantially hemispherical, and may have another shape such as a disk shape. The positions of the inlet, outlet, and each opening through which the flow-through tube passes in the shell are also not limited to those described in the above embodiment.

[0060] Also, the shape of the partition wall and the connection portion between the partition wall and the shell are not limited to those described in the above embodiment. For example, in the second embodiment, the partition wall 20 had the hemispherical portion 21 that opened to the first space S1 side, but instead, the partition wall 20 may have a hemispherical portion that opens to the second space S2 side.

[0061] [Disclosure aspect] Each of the following aspects is a disclosure of a preferred embodiment.

[0062] [Aspect 1] A shell having a first opening and a second opening, A flow-through pipe that penetrates the shell through the first opening and the second opening, guides liquefied hydrogen into the shell from the first opening, and discharges hydrogen gas vaporized from the liquefied hydrogen by heat exchange with a liquid medium that is an antifreeze or warm water out of the shell from the second opening. A partition wall connected to the shell that divides the internal space of the shell into a first space filled with the liquid medium and a second space that is a vacuum-insulated space facing the first opening. An outer pipe extending outward from the edge of the first opening in the shell, and is provided with. The partition wall has a through hole at a position spaced apart from the inner wall of the shell. The flow-through pipe passes through the through hole and is connected to the edge of the through hole in the partition wall, and is an evaporator for liquefied hydrogen.

[0063] According to the above configuration, since the heat medium cooled by the liquefied hydrogen by heat exchange with the liquefied hydrogen is a liquid medium that is an antifreeze or warm water, no liquefied air is generated even if the heat medium is cooled.

[0064] Also, the cold of the liquefied hydrogen flowing through the flow-through pipe is transmitted to the shell through the partition wall. Since the partition wall is connected to the flow-through pipe at the edge of the through hole at a location spaced apart from the inner wall of the shell, a heat transfer path for the cold from the connection location between the flow-through pipe and the partition wall to the connection location between the shell and the partition wall is ensured, and heat exchange occurs between the liquid medium in the first space and the partition wall in the heat transfer path. Therefore, liquefaction of the air outside the shell due to the cold transmitted from the flow-through pipe to the shell through the partition wall can be suppressed.

[0065] [Aspect 2] Further provided with a double pipe joint for connecting a double pipe composed of the outer pipe and the flow-through pipe arranged at the end of the outer pipe to another double pipe. The double pipe joint has a connection part for connecting the outer pipe and the flow-through pipe. The outer pipe has a bellows part, and is an evaporator for liquefied hydrogen according to Aspect 1.

[0066] According to the above configuration, the bellows can absorb the thermal contraction of the flow-through pipe when the liquefied hydrogen flows. Therefore, when the double pipe joint is displaced relative to the shell due to the thermal contraction of the flow-through pipe, the bellows can be deformed to suppress the application of unnecessary stress to the outer pipe.

[0067] [Aspect 3] The shell includes a cylindrical body portion and a pair of closing portions that close the openings on both sides of the body portion. The evaporator for liquefied hydrogen according to Embodiment 1 or 2, wherein the flow-through pipe and the partition wall are fixed to one of the pair of closing portions.

[0068] According to the above configuration, in the manufacturing process of the evaporator, the connection work (for example, welding work) of the flow-through pipe and the partition wall to the shell is facilitated.

[0069] [Aspect 4] The shell has an inlet through which the liquid medium flows into the interior of the shell and an outlet through which the liquid medium flows out of the shell. The evaporator for liquefied hydrogen according to any one of Aspects 1 to 3, wherein the connection portion between the flow-through pipe and the partition wall is located between the inlet and the outlet in the direction from the inlet to the outlet.

[0070] According to the above configuration, since the circulation of the liquid medium facing the partition wall proceeds, the heat exchange between the liquid medium in the first space and the partition wall can be promoted.

[0071] [Aspect 5] The evaporator for liquefied hydrogen according to any one of Aspects 1 to 4, wherein the connection portion between the flow-through pipe and the partition wall is offset from the connection portion between the shell and the partition wall when viewed in the direction in which the flow-through pipe passes through the first opening.

[0072] According to the above configuration, the distance of the heat transfer path from the connection portion between the flow-through pipe and the partition wall to the connection portion between the shell and the partition wall is ensured, and the heat exchange between the liquid medium in the first space and the partition wall can be promoted.

[0073] [Aspect 6] In the direction in which the flow-through pipe passes through the first opening, the connection location between the shell and the partition wall is located radially outward of the edge of the first opening, the hydrogen liquefier according to any one of Aspects 1 to 5.

[0074] According to the above configuration, it is easy to secure the distance of the heat transfer path from the connection location between the flow-through pipe and the partition wall to the connection location between the shell and the partition wall.

[0075] [Aspect 7] The flow-through pipe includes a curved portion that curves within the second space, the hydrogen liquefier according to any one of Aspects 1 to 6.

[0076] According to the above configuration, the thermal contraction of the flow-through pipe when the hydrogen liquefier flows can be absorbed by the curved portion. Therefore, when the flow-through pipe thermally contracts, it is possible to suppress the curved portion from deforming and applying unnecessary stress to the flow-through pipe.

[0077] [Aspect 8] The outer pipe includes a small-diameter portion, and a large-diameter portion having one end connected to the small-diameter portion and the other end connected to the edge of the first opening, and having a diameter larger than that of the small-diameter portion, the hydrogen liquefier according to any one of Aspects 1 to 7.

Explanation of Reference Numerals

[0078] 1A, 1B, 1C: Hydrogen liquefier 2: Shell 2a: Inlet 2b: Outlet 2c: First opening 2d: Second opening 3: Flow-through pipe 3c: Curved portion 6: Outer pipe 6a: Bellows 7: Double pipe joint 7a: Connection portion 8: Partition wall 8c: Through hole 11: Body portion 12, 13: Closing portion 20: Partition wall 20a: Through-hole 30: Outer tube 31: Small-diameter part 32: Large-diameter part

Claims

1. A shell having a first opening and a second opening, A flow-through pipe that penetrates the shell through the first opening and the second opening, and guides liquid hydrogen into the shell from the first opening, and discharges hydrogen gas vaporized by heat exchange with a liquid medium that is an antifreeze or warm water out of the shell from the second opening, A partition wall connected to the shell that partitions the internal space of the shell into a first space filled with the liquid medium and a second space that is a vacuum-insulated space facing the first opening, An outer pipe extending outward from the edge of the first opening in the shell, and comprising, The partition wall has a through hole at a position spaced apart from the inner wall of the shell, The flow-through pipe passes through the through hole and is connected to the edge of the through hole in the partition wall, an evaporator for liquid hydrogen.

2. Further comprising a double pipe joint for connecting a double pipe constituted by the outer pipe and the flow-through pipe disposed at an end of the outer pipe to another double pipe, The double pipe joint has a connection portion for connecting the outer pipe and the flow-through pipe, The outer pipe has a bellows portion, the evaporator for liquid hydrogen according to claim 1.

3. The shell includes a cylindrical body portion and a pair of closing portions that close the openings on both sides of the body portion, The flow-through pipe and the partition wall are fixed to one of the pair of closing portions, the evaporator for liquid hydrogen according to claim 1 or 2.

4. The shell has an inlet through which the liquid medium flows into the interior of the shell and an outlet through which the liquid medium flows out of the shell, The connection location between the flow-through pipe and the partition wall is located between the inlet and the outlet in the direction from the inlet to the outlet, the evaporator for liquid hydrogen according to claim 1 or 2.

5. When viewed in the direction in which the flow-through pipe passes through the first opening, the connection location between the flow-through pipe and the partition wall is offset from the connection location between the shell and the partition wall, the evaporator for liquid hydrogen according to claim 1 or 2.

6. When viewed in the direction in which the flow-through pipe passes through the first opening, the connection location between the shell and the partition wall is located radially outward of the edge of the first opening, the evaporator for liquid hydrogen according to claim 1 or 2

7. The flow-through pipe includes a curved portion that curves within the second space, the evaporator for liquid hydrogen according to claim 1 or 2.

8. The outer tube according to claim 1 or 2, comprising a small-diameter portion and a large-diameter portion having a diameter larger than that of the small-diameter portion, one end of which is connected to the small-diameter portion and the other end of which is connected to the edge of the first opening, of the evaporator for liquefied hydrogen.

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