Artificial ground structure, v-port, and method of constructing artificial ground structure

Abstract

To provide an artificial ground structure, a V-port, and a method for constructing the artificial ground structure which do not require repairs of a part deteriorated with age and reinforcement to cope with a large-scale earthquake, regardless of the existence of a bridge.SOLUTION: An artificial ground structure according to the present invention is an artificial ground structure arranged along the traveling direction of a corridor, which is a traffic route of a VTOL, and includes: bearing piles driven into the ground in parallel in a first direction and a second direction intersecting the first direction in a horizontal direction; panel points installed on the bearing piles; girder members connecting the panel points of adjacent bearing piles; a floor slab installed on the girder members; and a building provided on the floor slab, on which the VTOL takes off and lands.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to an artificial ground structure disposed close to a corridor, a V-port using the artificial ground structure, and a construction method of the artificial ground structure.

Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with respect to the utilization of VTOL (Vertical Take-Off and Landing aircraft), studies on infrastructure such as corridors, which are traffic routes for VTOL, have been underway. It is expected that the corridor will utilize the airspace above existing infrastructure (power facilities, railway power transmission facilities) such as rivers or power transmission lines in order to form an agreement for land use. Here, it is desirable that a power supply to the VTOL, a logistics base when using the VTOL, and a V-port, which is a place for people to board and alight from the VTOL, be developed at a position under the corridor or close to the corridor.

[0003] Patent Document 1 discloses a multi-story distribution center, and the multi-story distribution center includes a UAV platform that supports takeoff and landing of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) on an upper floor. By being located within a city, which is a densely populated area, such a multi-story distribution center can deliver goods to more people more quickly. However, the multi-story distribution center of Patent Document 1 utilizes drones and is not assumed for VTOL.

[0004] On the other hand, regarding the development of the corridor, conventionally, a technique of using a river as a corridor has been proposed. Examples of the techniques include installing a heliport in an existing bridge or making a river bridge in an urban area multi-layered. A technique of providing a V-port, which is a takeoff and landing place for VTOL, at a position protruding from the side surface of a bridge has also been proposed. It can be said that these techniques relate to the development of a V-port added to a bridge spanning over a river in an urban area or a mountainous area.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0005]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0006] However, when attempting to construct a V-port by adding an existing bridge, there is a need for repair of parts that have deteriorated over time along with the bridge and reinforcement to withstand large-scale earthquakes.

[0007] The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and provides an artificial ground structure, a V-port, and a construction method of the artificial ground structure that do not require repair of parts that have deteriorated over time and reinforcement to withstand large-scale earthquakes, regardless of the presence or absence of a bridge.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0008] The artificial ground structure according to the present invention is an artificial ground structure arranged along the traveling direction of a corridor that is a traffic route for VTOL, and includes support piles driven into the ground in parallel in a first direction and a second direction intersecting the first direction in the horizontal direction, lattice portions installed on the support piles, girder members connecting the lattice portions of adjacent support piles, a floor slab installed on the girder members, and a building provided on the floor slab where the VTOL takes off and lands.

Effects of the Invention

[0009] According to the present invention, the floor slab and the building are installed using support piles driven into the ground. That is, the artificial ground structure does not add a bridge. Therefore, an artificial ground structure that does not require repair of parts that have deteriorated over time and reinforcement to withstand large-scale earthquakes can be realized regardless of the presence or absence of a bridge.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0010]

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Embodiments for Carrying Out the Invention

[0011] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that the present disclosure is not limited by the embodiments described below. Each figure is shown schematically, and the relative sizes, plate thicknesses, etc. of each member are not limited to the dimensions shown. Also, in the following drawings, the relationship of the sizes of each component may be different from the actual one.

[0012] Embodiment 1. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the V-port 200 according to Embodiment 1. The V-port 200 is installed on the ground 90 with large undulations such as mountainous areas. As shown in FIG. 1, the V-port 200 is an artificial ground structure installed, for example, straddling a river or a road 4, and a takeoff and landing site 3 for the VTOL 1 to land is provided. Note that the V-port 200 is provided with a road structure 1000 along the slope of the mountainous area and is installed as a structure connected to the road structure 1000. Note that the V-port 200 may be installed independently of the road structure 1000. The V-port 200 is an artificial ground structure that can be installed even in an area without flat land such as a mountainous area, and is configured by installing a building 290 above a support pile 10 or the like.

[0013] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the V-port 200 according to Embodiment 1. The V-port 200 includes a building 290 installed on a floor slab 299 installed on a support pile 10 driven into the ground 90, and is configured to be installable, for example, by excavating a slope in a mountainous area or performing earth filling or the like without securing a large flat land. The building 290 is configured to enable takeoff and landing of the VTOL 1. The VTOL 1, like a drone, is useful for transporting goods not only in densely populated areas but also in areas where vehicles cannot enter, such as mountainous areas where roads are not developed. In addition, the VTOL 1 can transport relief supplies by moving in the air even when the road structure 1000 is cut off during a disaster or the like. Therefore, the V-port 200 is highly useful even in areas where construction is difficult, such as mountainous areas.

[0014] The V-port 200 is installed by using an artificial ground structure installed in an area such as a mountainous area. The artificial ground structure can efficiently utilize space by artificially creating flat land in an area without flat land such as a mountainous area and installing a single-layer or multiple-layer floor slab 299 using support piles 10.

[0015] FIG. 3 is a top view of the V-port 200 and the corridor 2 according to Embodiment 1. Here, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, a corridor 2, which is a traffic path for the VTOL 1, is provided above the river 4. The artificial ground structure constituting the V-port 200 is arranged along the traveling direction of the corridor 2.

[0016] FIG. 4 is a top view of the takeoff and landing area 3 of the V-port 200 according to Embodiment 1. Next, the takeoff and landing area 3 of the V-port 200 will be described in detail. FIG. 4 shows a case where the V-port 200 is provided in a state of straddling the road structure 1000 or the railway line 5. As shown in FIG. 4, the V-port 200 has, in a top view, a straight strip 3a extending in the longitudinal direction, which is the extending direction of the road structure 1000 or the railway line 5, above the road structure 1000 or the railway line 5, and a taxiway 3b protruding from both ends of the straight strip 3a. The straight strip 3a is the place where the VTOL 1 stops. Note that since the VTOL 1 does not taxi on the straight strip 3a, it is not necessary to make it longer than necessary in the longitudinal direction. The taxiway 3b has a rectangular shape inclined with respect to the traveling direction of the corridor 2. The VTOL 1 traveling along the corridor 2 lands on the inclined rectangular taxiway 3b by tilting the traveling direction slightly toward the V-port 200, and finally stops on the straight strip 3a. Also, the VTOL 1 taking off from the V-port 200 starts from the straight strip 3a, passes through the taxiway 3b, and proceeds to the corridor 2. Note that the V-port 200 may not be provided with the taxiway 3b. Thus, since the first embodiment has a structure composed of a large number of piles, it can be easily applied to various planar shapes such as the inclined rectangular taxiway 3b.

[0017] (Overall Structure of V-port 200) The ground 90 where the support piles 10 are driven is an inclined surface, and is drilled through the deposited layer 92 by a down-the-hole hammer or the like to reach the support layer 93. The steel pipe pile 20 is erected in the drilled hole, and the filling material 80 such as concrete or mortar is filled in the hole, whereby the steel pipe pile 20 is erected on the ground 90. The support pile 10 is composed of only the steel pipe pile 20 driven into the ground 90 or the steel pipe pile 20 connected to the steel pipe column 30.

[0018] The floor slab 299 has a building 290 constructed thereon and may be connected to the road surface of the road structure 100. This floor slab 299 may be particularly referred to as the first floor slab 299. In addition, a heliport or the like may be provided on the first floor slab 299. Note that the road structure 100 may also have a structure using the support piles 10, the grid portions 50, and the girder members 41 similar to those of the V-port 200.

[0019] The V-port 200 is configured by vertically installing a plurality of support piles 10 on a cliff, slope, etc. in a mountainous area, providing grid portions 50 at the upper ends or intermediate portions of the plurality of support piles 10, connecting the grid portions 50 to each other with girder members 41, and installing a floor slab 299 on the girder members 41. A building 290 is constructed on the floor slab 299, and an opening 270 serving as a vehicle entrance and exit is provided in a part of the wall 291 of the building 290. Vehicles enter the interior of the building 290 through the opening 270 and load and unload the goods transported by the vehicles.

[0020] Inside the building 290, the floor slab 299 is installed in two layers. The lower floor slab 299 may be referred to as the first floor slab 299. Also, the floor slab 299 disposed above the first floor slab 299 may be referred to as the second floor slab 299. The first floor slab 299 is connected to a road floor slab 99 of the road structure 100 or a road structure formed by excavating or filling a slope, etc., and is configured such that a vehicle T traveling on the road can enter the V-port 200. The second floor slab 299 constitutes the roof of the building 290 and serves as a space for the VTOL1 to take off and land.

[0021] In the first embodiment, the building 290 is composed of two layers, namely the first floor slab 299 and the second floor slab 299, but is not limited thereto, and may further have multiple layers of floor slabs 299. Since the building 290 is composed of multiple floors, even if the area is narrow in plan view, a large number of takeoff and landing fields 3 for the VTOL1, load lifting and traversing equipment, lifting openings, warehouses, offices, power storage equipment, power supply and distribution equipment, or electromechanical equipment, etc. can be provided.

[0022] The first floor slab 299 not only has a space for the vehicle T to travel but also has a space for accumulating articles. In addition, auxiliary facilities 287 such as a power storage facility and electromechanical facilities may be installed on the first floor slab 299.

[0023] The building 290 does not necessarily have to have a space inside for the vehicle T to enter, and may be configured such that the VTOL1 can enter and exit inside. Further, the building 290 is not limited to those into which the vehicle T or the VTOL1 etc. enter, and may be, for example, simply a facility such as a warehouse. Also, the V-port 200 may be an artificial ground structure where the building 290 is not installed and only the floor slab 299 is installed. For example, it can be used for various purposes as an artificial ground structure such as a refuge for the vehicle T connected to the road structure 1000 or a heliport installed in a mountainous area.

[0024] Also, power generation facilities may be installed above the first floor slab 299. The power generation facilities are, for example, wind power generation facilities 275 installed at the tip of a steel pipe column 30 protruding from the first floor slab 299. Note that the power generation facilities may be, for example, solar panels (not shown) installed in the middle of the steel pipe column 30.

[0025] The electric power generated by the power generation facilities is sent to auxiliary facilities 287 such as a power storage facility or a power supply and distribution facility, and stored or utilized. Also, using the generated electric power, it is possible to charge the batteries of the VTOL1 and the vehicle T. Therefore, the V-port 200 can be operated even in the event of a disaster or an emergency when electric power is not supplied from the outside.

[0026] Here, as shown in FIG. 2, between the support piles 10 at both ends, no support pile 10 is provided in the V-port 200. Therefore, the space between the support piles 10 at both ends can be effectively utilized. Note that in the V-port 200, a support pile 10 may be provided between the support piles 10 at both ends. In this case, between one end support pile 10 and the adjacent support pile 10, the grid parts 50 are connected by the girder members 41. A floor slab 299 is installed on the girder members 41. The floor slab 299 is installed below the first floor slab 299 on which the building 290 is installed, and is also referred to as the lower floor slab. By installing the lower floor slab below the first floor slab 299 connected to the road, the space between the ground 90 and the first floor slab 299 can be utilized. Also, by installing the girder members 41 that connect the middle of the plurality of support piles 10 together, there is an advantage that the overall seismic resistance of the V-port 200 can be improved. In this case, the power storage equipment or the power supply and distribution equipment may be provided on the lower floor slab. Thereby, the upper part of the first floor slab 299 can be utilized as a storage space for articles, a space for the vehicle T to enter, a takeoff and landing area 3 for the VTOL1, etc.

[0027] According to the first embodiment, the floor slab 299 and the building 290 are installed by using the support piles 10 driven into the ground 90. That is, the artificial ground structure does not add new bridges. Therefore, regardless of the presence or absence of bridges, it is possible to realize an artificial ground structure that does not require repair of deteriorated parts over time and reinforcement to cope with large-scale earthquakes. In addition, the existing road structure 1000 or the railway line 5 can be used as it is without any change from the current situation. Furthermore, since the V-port 200 can have a multi-layer structure, there is no restriction on the area of the V-port 200. Moreover, since the height of the V-port 200 can be freely designed, by installing the first floor slab 299 and the second floor slab 299 at a height that is not affected by floods or the like, the safety of service providers and users can be ensured even in the event of a guerrilla heavy rain exceeding expectations. Since the V-port 200 is provided with a wind power generation facility 275 or a solar power generation facility, the operation of the V-port 200 can be continued even in the event of a power outage during a disaster. Also, since the V-port 200 has a prefabricated member configuration with good constructability, the restrictions due to traffic stoppage time or power supply interruption during construction can be reduced.

[0028] Since the V-port 200 is arranged along the traveling direction of the corridor 2, the VTOL 1 can smoothly merge. Since the V-port 200 is constructed at a position where it does not interfere three-dimensionally with the road structure 1000 or the railway line 5 adjacent to the corridor 2 or is not affected by them, it does not obstruct the running vehicles on the existing road structure 1000 and the railway line 5. It is also possible to provide a waiting area for the VTOL 1 in the V-port 200. In addition, the loading and unloading of goods, cargo handling, storage, vehicle driving, etc. by the VTOL 1 can also be carried out efficiently.

[0029] The V-port 200 is configured such that support piles 10 are installed near the existing road structure 1000 or the railway line 5, and artificial ground and a building 290 are installed beside or above it. Therefore, there is no need to fill the slope or construct a large-scale foundation. Thus, the impact on the cross-section of the river 4 or the restricted area with respect to the railway line 5 is small. Also, even if there are restrictions on the site, the space above the existing road structure 1000 or the railway line 5 can be utilized. The planting on the slope and the natural environment with animals, etc. can be preserved. The construction period can be shortened and the construction cost can be reduced.

[0030] Next, the detailed structure of the V-port 200 will be described.

[0031] (Grid section 50) FIG. 5 is a perspective view for explaining the structure that supports the first floor slab 299 in the V-port 200 according to Embodiment 1. The V-port 200 is configured by providing a grid section 50 on a plurality of support piles 10 driven into the ground 90, connecting the grid sections 50 with girder members 41, and installing a floor slab 299 on the girder members 41. The girder member 41 includes a girder member 41a extending in one direction and a girder member 41b extending in a direction intersecting the girder member 41a. The grid section 50 is joined such that a connection port 52 for connecting the girder member 41 to the steel pipe pile 20 or the steel pipe column 30 protrudes laterally. Alternatively, as will be described below, the grid section 50 may be provided with an eccentric joint member 60 that can be installed in a state eccentric with respect to the axis of the support pile 10.

[0032] The steel pipe piles 20 are, for example, driven into the ground 90 in parallel in the x-direction and the y-direction. The plurality of steel pipe piles 20 of the V-port 200 include a first steel pipe pile 20a and a second steel pipe pile 20b. The first steel pipe pile 20a has a steel pipe column 30 joined thereto upward. The steel pipe column 30 is joined to the upper end of the first steel pipe pile 20a according to the height of the floor slab 299 and the girder member 41 from the surface 94 of the ground 90. At the joint 11, the first steel pipe pile 20a and the steel pipe column 30 may be joined by, for example, welding. Further, the joint 11 may be a structure in which an eccentric joint member 60b (see FIG. 13) or 260 (see FIG. 6) is disposed between the first steel pipe pile 20a located on the ground 90 side and the steel pipe column 30 joined above it to join the two members. Note that the structure in which the first steel pipe pile 20a and the steel pipe column 30 are joined may be referred to as the support pile 10 or 10a.

[0033] FIG. 6 is a side view and a top view showing an example of the lattice portion 50 provided in the support pile 10 of the V-port 200 according to the first embodiment. The lattice portion 50 shown in FIG. 6 is installed in the middle portion of the support pile 10 and is also referred to as the middle lattice portion 250b. The middle lattice portion 250b is used for the portion where the steel pipe pile 20a and the steel pipe column 30 are joined and is connected to the girder member 41.

[0034] The middle lattice portion 250b is composed of a steel pipe member 251 and a joint 52. The joint 52 is joined to the side surface of the steel pipe member 251, extends in the x-direction in FIG. 5, and is configured such that the girder member 41 can be connected. The steel pipe member 251 may be the lower end portion of the steel pipe column 30. That is, the middle lattice portion 250b may be integrated with the steel pipe column 30 in the first embodiment.

[0035] An eccentric joint member 260 is joined to the upper end of the first steel pipe pile 20a driven into the ground 90 and is used for joining the middle lattice portion 250b and the first steel pipe pile 20a. In FIG. 6, the steel pipe member 251 of the middle lattice portion 250b has the same cross-sectional shape as the first steel pipe pile 20a.

[0036] An eccentric joining member 260 is joined to the end face 14 of the pile head 12 of the first steel pipe pile 20a. The eccentric joining member 260 has its lower end face joined to the end face 14 of the pile head 12, and its upper end face is formed by a plate member 261. The plate member 261 has a flat upper surface 262 and is configured to be able to place the lower end face 254 of the steel pipe member 251 of the intermediate lattice portion 250b thereon. As shown in FIG. 6(b), the upper surface 262 of the plate member 261 is formed larger than the lower end face 254 of the steel pipe member 251. Therefore, the steel pipe member 251 of the intermediate lattice portion 250b can be placed while being horizontally shifted on the upper surface 262 of the eccentric joining member 260. That is, the first steel pipe pile 20a and the intermediate lattice portion 250b can be joined in a state where their central axes are eccentric to each other using the eccentric joining member 260. The upper surface 262 may be referred to as a joining surface. The joining surface is welded to the lower end face of the steel pipe member 251, and a weld bead 88 is formed.

[0037] FIG. 7 is a side view showing an example of the lattice portion 50 provided in the support pile 10 of the V-port 200 according to the first embodiment. FIG. 8 is a top view of FIG. 7. The lattice portion 50 shown in FIG. 7 is installed at the upper end portion of the support pile 10 and is also referred to as the upper end lattice portion 250a. In FIG. 2, the upper end lattice portion 250a is installed at the upper end of the rightmost steel pipe pile 20b, and the girder member 41 is connected thereto. Note that the upper end lattice portion 250a can be installed not only at the upper end of the steel pipe pile 20a but also at the upper end of the steel pipe pile 20b or the steel pipe column 30.

[0038] The upper end lattice portion 250a has a joint 52 joined to the steel pipe member 251 and is configured such that the girder member 41 can be connected. The upper plate 58 constituting the joint 52 and the upper surface 57a can be made horizontal or can be inclined according to the specifications of the floor slab 299 as shown in FIG. 7.

[0039] The upper grid section 250a is also placed and joined on an eccentric joining member 260 whose lower end surface is joined to the pile head 12 of the support pile 10, in the same manner as the middle grid section 250b. The upper end surface is formed by a plate member 261. The upper surface 262 of the plate member 261 is formed to be larger than the lower end surface 254a of the steel pipe member 251a. Therefore, the steel pipe member 251a of the upper grid section 250a can be placed horizontally shifted on the upper surface 262 of the eccentric joining member 260.

[0040] According to the above upper grid section 250a and middle grid section 250b, the girder member 41 can be installed on the support pile 10a formed by joining using the eccentric joining member 260. When there is a support pile 10 with a large protrusion amount from the surface of the ground 90, such as the V-port 200 installed in the mountainous area, due to factors such as the accuracy, deflection, and displacement of the installation position of the support pile 10, the position of the grid section 50 may deviate from the original position. However, according to the upper grid section 250a and middle grid section 250b, even if the position of the pile head 12 of the support pile 10 is displaced, the displacement can be absorbed by the eccentric joining member 260.

[0041] Next, a modified example of the grid section 50 will be described. In addition to the upper grid section 250a and middle grid section 250b described above, the upper grid sections 50a, 550a, middle grid sections 50b, 150b, 550b described below may be applied to the grid section 50 according to the first embodiment.

[0042] (Upper grid section 50a) FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of an example of the cross-sectional structure around the upper grid section 50a of the V-port 200 according to the first embodiment. FIG. 10 is a top view of the upper grid section 50a shown in FIG. 9. The upper grid section 50a and the support pile 10 are joined by an eccentric joining member 60a. The eccentric joining member 60a is a part of the upper grid section 50a, and is combined with the pile head 12 of the support pile 10 to adjust the position of the upper grid section 50a with respect to the pile head 12. That is, the upper grid section 50a can be joined to the support pile 10 even when the position of the central axis is displaced from the support pile 10 by the eccentric joining member 60a.

[0043] In Embodiment 1, the eccentric joint member 60a is composed of a steel pipe member 51a, which is a cylindrical member constituting at least the upper grid portion 50a, and a support member 55a. In Embodiment 1, the steel pipe member 51a has a cylindrical shape. The support member 55a is installed at the upper part inside the steel pipe member 51a. The support member 55a is formed by combining plate-like members in a cross shape through the central axis C of the steel pipe member 51a having a cylindrical shape. Note that the steel pipe member 51a is not limited to a cylindrical shape, and may be a cylindrical member having a cross-sectional shape such as a rectangle or a polygon.

[0044] The upper grid portion 50a is provided with a connection port 52 to which the girder member 41 is connected. The connection port 52 and the girder member 41 are connected by, for example, sandwiching the end of the connection port 52 and the end of the girder member 41 with an attachment plate 44 (see FIG. 5), and fixing and connecting the attachment plate 44 and the ends of the respective members using bolts and nuts.

[0045] The upper grid portion 50a has a plate-like member attached to the upper part, and the upper surface 57a is flat. The upper surface 57a may be inclined according to the inclination of the floor surface or the like. A filling hole 56a penetrating the plate-like member is opened in the upper surface 57a. The filling hole 56a is a hole for injecting a filler 80 into the space between the pile head 12 and the steel pipe member 51a, and communicates the outside with the space inside the steel pipe member 51a.

[0046] The support member 55a has the end face 14 of the pile head 12 of the support pile 10a or 10b abutting against its lower surface. By the lower surface of the support member 55a abutting against the end face 14 of the pile head 12, the position of the upper end grid portion 50a in the central axis direction of the support pile 10, that is, the position in the height direction, is determined. The steel pipe member 51a surrounds the outer peripheral surface of the upper end portion of the support pile 10. Before the filling material 80 is filled, a gap is formed between the inner surface of the steel pipe member 51a and the outer surface of the support pile 10, and the upper end grid portion 50a can be moved horizontally relative to the support pile 10 by the amount of this gap. As shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, the support member 55a is formed by combining plate-like members in a cross shape, but it can also take other forms. The support member 55a can hold the upper end grid portion 50a on the end face 14 of the pile head 12 and may have other structures as long as it does not obstruct the injection of the filling material 80.

[0047] The position of the pile head 12 of the support pile 10 may deviate from the assumed position. When the protrusion amount from the surface 94 of the ground 90 is large, the position error of the pile head 12 may increase due to the accuracy of the individual steel pipe piles 20 and steel pipe struts 30 and the joining accuracy. For example, when the steel pipe member 51a of the upper end grid portion 50a has a cylindrical shape and the pile head 12 has a cylindrical shape, the inner diameter of the steel pipe member 51a is set 200 mm larger than the outer diameter of the pile head 12. Thereby, the upper end grid portion 50a can be installed at the correct position even if there is a horizontal position error of up to 100 mm in the pile head 12, for example, and the fillability of the filling material 80 can also be ensured.

[0048] The filling material 80 is filled into the gap between the steel pipe member 51a and the pile head 12 through the filling hole 56a that opens to the upper surface 57a of the upper grid portion 50a. The lower part of the steel pipe member 51a is open. Therefore, in the filling process of the filling material 80, in order to prevent the filling material 80 from leaking out from below, the formwork jig 70 (see Fig. 20) is abutted against the lower end surface of the steel pipe member 51a to block the opening. The formwork jig 70 will be described separately. On the inner surface of the steel pipe member 51a and the outer surface of the pile head 12 that form the gap between the steel pipe member 51a filled with the filling material 80 and the pile head 12, protrusions 54 and 13 are provided. Since the protrusions 54 and 13 mesh with the solidified filling material 80, the filling material 80 will not shift in the direction along the inner surface of the steel pipe member 51a and the outer surface of the pile head 12, and the load transfer between the upper grid portion 50a and the support pile 10 can be improved.

[0049] The protrusions 13 and 54 may be formed by bending steel bars or steel bars and fixing them by welding. Alternatively, the steel pipe member 51a and the support pile 10 may be formed of steel plates with protrusions. For example, the steel pipe member 51a and the support pile 10 may use a corrugated steel plate having protrusions vertically and horizontally on the steel plate surface, or a corrugated steel pipe formed of a steel plate with ribs in which protrusions about 2 mm high are arranged in parallel. By using the corrugated steel plate or the corrugated steel pipe with ribs, the labor cost and process for welding the protrusion 54 to the steel pipe member 51a and the protrusion 13 to the support pile 10 can be reduced. In addition, since the protrusions 13 and 54 formed integrally in advance improve the fixing strength of the anti-shift protrusions, the steel pipe member 51a of the upper grid portion 50a can reduce the dimension in the height direction.

[0050] (Intermediate grid portion 50b) FIG. 11 is an explanatory view of a cross-sectional structure around an intermediate lattice point portion 50b of the V-port 200 according to Embodiment 1. FIG. 12 is a top view of the intermediate lattice point portion 50b of the V-port 200 according to Embodiment 1. The intermediate lattice point portion 50b and the support pile 10 are joined by an eccentric joining member 60b. The eccentric joining member 60b is a part of the intermediate lattice point portion 50b and is combined with the support pile 10 to adjust the position of the intermediate lattice point portion 50b with respect to the support pile 10. That is, the intermediate lattice point portion 50b can be joined to the support pile 10 even when the position of the central axis is deviated from the support pile 10 by the eccentric joining member 60b.

[0051] In Embodiment 1, the eccentric joining member 60b is composed of at least a steel pipe member 51b constituting the intermediate lattice point portion 50b. The steel pipe member 51b is a cylindrical body and has a cylindrical shape in Embodiment 1. However, the steel pipe member 51b is not limited to a cylindrical shape and may be a cylindrical body having a cross-sectional shape such as a rectangle or a polygon. The steel pipe member 51b that surrounds the support pile 10 can be joined in a state where the central axis is deviated from the central axis of the support pile 10 and is particularly referred to as a second eccentric joining member.

[0052] As shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, the intermediate lattice point portion 50b includes a connection port 52 to which the girder member 41 is connected. The connection port 52 and the girder member 41 sandwich the end portions of the connection port 52 and the girder member 41 with an attachment plate 44 (see FIG. 5), and the attachment plate 44 and the end portions of the respective members are fixed and connected using bolts and nuts.

[0053] Since the steel pipe member 51b of the intermediate lattice point portion 50b is a cylindrical body, the upper and lower ends are open. Therefore, the upper end of the gap between the steel pipe member 51b and the support pile 10 becomes a filling port 56b, which is an opening for injecting a filling material 80 into the space between the steel pipe member 51b and the support pile 10, and communicates the outside with the internal space of the steel pipe member 51a.

[0054] Before the filler 80 is filled, a gap is formed between the inner surface of the steel pipe member 51b and the outer surface of the support pile 10. The intermediate lattice point portion 50b can be horizontally moved relative to the support pile 10 by the amount of the gap. In the case of the structure shown in FIG. 12, since there is no structure for supporting the intermediate lattice point portion 50b in the vertical direction, when attaching the intermediate lattice point portion 50b to the support pile 10, a formwork jig 70 (see FIG. 20) is abutted against the lower end surface of the intermediate lattice point portion 50b to support the intermediate lattice point portion 50b from below. The formwork jig 70 also has a function of preventing the filler 80 from leaking out from the lower opening when filling the filler 80.

[0055] The position of the support pile 10 may deviate from the assumed position. When the protrusion amount from the surface 94 of the ground 90 is large, the position error of the support pile 10 may increase due to the accuracy of the individual steel pipe piles 20 and steel pipe columns 30 and the joining accuracy. For example, when the steel pipe member 51b of the intermediate lattice point portion 50b has a cylindrical shape and the support pile 10 has a cylindrical shape, the inner diameter of the steel pipe member 51b is set 200 mm larger than the outer diameter of the support pile 10. Thereby, the intermediate lattice point portion 50b can be installed at the correct position even if the support pile 10 has a horizontal position error of up to 100 mm, and the fillability of the filler 80 can also be ensured.

[0056] Protrusions 54 and 13 may be provided on the inner surface of the steel pipe member 51b and the outer surface of the support pile 10 that form the gap between the steel pipe member 51b filled with the filler 80 and the support pile 10. When the protrusions 54 and 13 are provided, since they engage with the solidified filler 80, the filler 80 does not shift in the direction along the inner surface of the steel pipe member 51b and the outer surface of the support pile 10, and the load transfer between the intermediate lattice point portion 50b and the support pile 10 can be improved.

[0057] The protrusions 13 and 54 may be formed by bending and fixing reinforcing bars or steel bars by welding. Alternatively, the steel pipe member 51b and the support pile 10 may be formed of a steel plate material with protrusions. For example, the steel pipe member 51b and the support pile 10 may be formed of a corrugated steel plate having protrusions vertically and horizontally on the steel plate surface, or a ribbed steel pipe formed of a ribbed steel plate in which protrusions having a height of about 2 mm are arranged in parallel. By using the corrugated steel plate or the ribbed steel pipe, the labor cost and process for welding and joining the protrusion 54 to the steel pipe member 51b and the protrusion 13 to the support pile 10 can be reduced. Further, since the protrusions 13 and 54 that are integrally formed in advance improve the fixing strength of the anti-slip protrusions, the steel pipe member 51b of the intermediate lattice point portion 50b can reduce the dimension in the height direction.

[0058] (Intermediate lattice point portion 150b) FIG. 13 is an explanatory view of a cross-sectional structure around the intermediate lattice point portion 150b of the V-port 200 according to the first embodiment. The intermediate lattice point portion 150b can join, for example, the first steel pipe pile 20a and the steel pipe column 30 by installing a support member 55b inside the steel pipe member 51b. The intermediate lattice point portion 150b includes a support member 55b having the same structure as the support member 55a provided in the upper end lattice point portion 50a inside the steel pipe member 51b. Further, the intermediate lattice point portion 150b may be connected to an adjacent intermediate lattice point portion 50b or 150b by a girder member 41 at the intermediate portion of the support pile 10 in the same manner as the intermediate lattice point portion 50b.

[0059] The support member 55b has the end face 22a of the pile head 21a of the first steel pipe pile 20a abutting against its lower surface. When the lower surface of the support member 55a abuts against the end face 22a of the pile head 21a, the position of the intermediate lattice point portion 150b in the central axis direction of the support pile 10, that is, the position in the height direction, is determined. Before the filling material 80 is filled, a gap is formed between the inner surface of the steel pipe member 51b and the outer surface of the second steel pipe pile 20b, and the intermediate lattice point portion 150b can be moved horizontally with respect to the second steel pipe pile 20b by the amount of that gap. Similar to the upper end lattice point portion 50a shown in FIG. 10, the support member 55a is formed by combining plate-shaped members in a cross shape, but it can also take other forms. The support member 55a may have other structures as long as it holds the intermediate lattice point portion 150b on the end face 14 of the pile head 12 and does not become an obstacle during the injection of the filling material 80.

[0060] The support member 55b has the end face 31 of the steel pipe column 30 placed on its upper surface. When the upper surface of the support member 55a abuts against the end face 31 of the steel pipe column 30, the position of the steel pipe column 30 in the central axis direction of the support pile 10, that is, the position in the height direction, is determined. Before the filling material 80 is filled, a gap is formed between the inner surface of the steel pipe member 51b and the outer surface of the steel pipe column 30, and the steel pipe column 30 can be moved horizontally with respect to the steel pipe member 51b by the amount of that gap. From the above, the intermediate lattice point portion 150b can join the first steel pipe pile 20a, which is the lower member, and the steel pipe column 30, which is the upper member, in a state where the central axes are eccentric. The intermediate lattice point portion 150b includes the steel pipe member 51b, which is a cylindrical body, and the support member 55a, and joins the upper member and the lower member.

[0061] As shown in FIG. 13, the intermediate lattice point portion 150b may be provided with bolts 57 that are screwed from the outside to the inside of the steel pipe member 51b. The bolts 57 adjust and temporarily fix the positions of the steel pipe member 51b of the lower member and the upper member that constitute the support pile 10. After the filling material 80 is filled and solidified inside the intermediate lattice point portion 50b, the heads of the bolts 57 may be removed. Note that when the filling material 80 is filled, the jig shown in FIG. 20 is used.

[0062] (Upper grid point part 550a) FIG. 14 is an explanatory view of a cross-sectional structure around the upper grid point part 550a of the V-port 200 according to the first embodiment. FIG. 14(a) shows a side view on the left side from the center line and an explanatory view of the internal structure of the pile head 12 on the right side from the center line. FIG. 14(b) shows a cross-section of the E-E part of FIG. 14(a). FIG. 15 is a top view and a side view of the upper grid point part 550a of the V-port 200 according to the first embodiment. As shown in FIG. 14, the upper grid point part 550a and the support pile 10 are joined by an eccentric joining member 560a. The eccentric joining member 560a is a part of the upper grid point part 550a and is combined with the pile head 12 of the support pile 10 for adjusting the position of the upper grid point part 550a with respect to the pile head 12. That is, the upper grid point part 550a can be joined to the support pile 10 in a state where the position of the center axis is shifted from the support pile 10 by the eccentric joining member 560a. Note that the eccentric joining member 560a used for the upper grid point part 550a and the eccentric joining member 560b used for the middle grid point part 550b may be collectively referred to as the eccentric joining member 560. Also, the joint 52 may extend horizontally or may be inclined according to the floor surface of the artificial ground.

[0063] The eccentric joining member 560a has a cylindrical insertion member 61 and a rib member 62 joined to the outer peripheral surface of the insertion member 61 and extending radially. The insertion member 61 and the rib member 62 are disposed inside a steel pipe member 51a which is a cylindrical body constituting the upper grid point part 550a, and the lower part protrudes downward from the lower end of the steel pipe member 51a.

[0064] FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view of the F-F portion of FIG. 15(b). The lower plate 59 joined to the steel pipe member 51a of the upper grid portion 550a is provided with an opening 59a through which the insertion member 61 projects from the inside of the steel pipe member 51a. The opening 59a is opened to such an extent that the insertion member 61 can be inserted therethrough. The rib member 62 is composed of an internal rib member 62b disposed inside the steel pipe member 51a and an external rib member 62a joined below the lower plate 59. That is, the rib member 62 is joined to the inside and the outside of the steel pipe member 51a, respectively. Note that the external rib member 62a and the internal rib member 62b may not be provided depending on the strength and rigidity of the insertion member 61.

[0065] The upper ends of the insertion member 61 and the internal rib member 62b are fixed to the upper plate 58 that constitutes the upper surface 57a of the upper grid portion 550a by welding. Also, the lower end of the internal rib member 62b is joined to the lower plate 59 by welding. The internal rib member 62b is also joined to the outer peripheral surface of the insertion member 61 and connects the upper plate 58, the lower plate 59, and the insertion member 61 to ensure strength and rigidity.

[0066] The external rib member 62a is disposed below the lower plate 59, is joined to the lower surface of the lower plate 59, and is also joined to the outer peripheral surface of the insertion member 61. The external rib member 62a connects the lower plate 59 and the insertion member 61 to ensure strength and rigidity.

[0067] As shown in FIG. 15, the upper plate 58 joined to the upper part of the upper grid portion 50a has two filling holes 56a that penetrate through the plate-like member. The filling holes 56a are provided at symmetric positions with the insertion member 61 interposed therebetween. Also, as shown in FIG. 16, the lower plate 59 is also provided with two filling holes 56a in the same manner as the upper plate 58. The filling holes 56a are holes for injecting the filling material 80 into the space formed between the insertion member 61 and the pile head 12. That is, in a state where the upper grid portion 50a is placed above the pile head 12, the filling holes 56a communicate the outside with the space inside the steel pipe member 51a and the space formed between the insertion member 61 and the pile head 12. For example, when injecting a filling material 80 such as concrete or mortar from the outside, an injection pipe (not shown) is inserted into the interior through the filling hole 56a of the upper plate 58, and the filling material 80 is injected into the filling hole 56a of the lower plate 59. The filling material 80 is filled and solidified inside the pile head 12 into which the eccentric joining member 560a, which is a part of the upper grid portion 50a, is inserted, thereby joining the upper grid portion 50a and the pile head 12.

[0068] As shown in FIG. 14, the pile head 12 has an open tip, and a filling material receiving plate 16 is installed in the internal space. The filling material receiving plate 16 is disposed below the lower end of the insertion member 61 inserted into the pile head 12. The filling material receiving plate 16 is a member for supporting the filling material 80 injected from the filling hole 56a and holding the filling material 80 inside the pile head 12.

[0069] The end face 14 of the pile head 12 abuts against the lower surface of the lower plate 59 of the upper grid portion 50a. That is, the upper grid portion 50a is placed on the end face 14 of the support pile 10. Thereby, the position of the upper grid portion 550a in the height direction is determined. And the upper grid portion 50a can be displaced horizontally by the amount of the gap between the eccentric joining member 560a and the inner surface of the pile head 12. Thereby, even when the position of the central axis of the support pile 10 is displaced, the upper grid portion 50a can be arranged at the designed position.

[0070] As shown in FIG. 16, the insertion member 61 is a cylindrical steel pipe. However, the insertion member 61 is not limited to a cylindrical steel pipe, and it may be a steel pipe having a rectangular, elliptical, oval, or polygonal cross section. It is desirable that the insertion member 61 has equal strength and rigidity in the vertical and horizontal directions of the paper surface in FIG. 16. The V-port 200 according to Embodiment 1 has a cylindrical insertion member 61 with equal strength and rigidity in all directions. The shape of the insertion member 61 can be appropriately changed according to the strength and rigidity required for the V-port 200.

[0071] The lower end of the insertion member 61 may be closed by a plate material 64. The plate material 64 can prevent the filling material 80 from entering the inside of the insertion member 61 composed of a cylindrical steel pipe, and thus can suppress the amount of the filling material 80 required for the joint between the upper grid portion 50a and the support pile 10. In addition, the outer shape of the plate material 64 is formed larger than the cross-sectional shape of the insertion member 61 and protrudes from the outer peripheral surface of the insertion member 61, so that the strength in the direction in which the insertion member 61 is pulled out from the pile head 12 after the filling material 80 is solidified is increased.

[0072] The eccentric joint member 560a using the above insertion member 61 can also be applied to the intermediate grid portion 150b.

[0073] FIG. 17 is an explanatory diagram of the cross-sectional structure around the intermediate grid portion 550b of the V-port 200 according to Embodiment 1. The intermediate grid portion 550b includes an eccentric joint member 560b in the same manner as the upper grid portion 550a. The eccentric joint member 560b includes an insertion member 61 provided so as to protrude from both the upper plate 58 and the lower plate 59, and a rib member 62 that joins the insertion member 61 to the upper plate 58 and the lower plate 59. The insertion member 61 is joined to the upper plate 58 and the lower plate 59 by the rib member 62.

[0074] The insertion member 61 is disposed inside the steel pipe member 51b and is arranged to penetrate the upper plate 58 and the lower plate 59. Note that the insertion member 61 may be directly joined to the upper plate 58 and the lower plate 59.

[0075] Also, the insertion member 61 does not necessarily have a configuration that penetrates vertically as shown in FIG. 17. For example, it may be joined to the upper surface of the upper plate 58 and the lower surface of the lower plate 59, respectively, and may be configured to extend vertically from the upper surface of the upper plate 58 and the lower surface of the lower plate 59.

[0076] The insertion member 61 extending above the intermediate lattice point portion 550b is inserted into the steel pipe column 30 which is an upper member. The insertion member 61 extending below the intermediate lattice point portion 550b is inserted into the first steel pipe pile 20a which is a lower member. The insertion members 61 extending vertically from the intermediate lattice point portion 550b are filled with the filler 80 while being inserted between the steel pipe column 30 or the first steel pipe pile 20a, respectively, to join the steel pipe column 30, the intermediate lattice point portion 550b, and the first steel pipe pile 20a. The eccentric joining member 560b of the intermediate lattice point portion 550b can be joined in a state where the central axis of the first steel pipe pile 20a which is a lower member is displaced from the central axis of the intermediate lattice point portion 550b in the same manner as the upper end lattice point portion 550a. Also, the eccentric joining member 560b can be joined in a state where the central axis of the intermediate lattice point portion 550b is displaced from the central axis of the steel pipe column 30.

[0077] Also, filling holes 17 are provided in the steel pipe column 30 and the first steel pipe pile 20a, respectively, and the filler 80 is filled therein. The filler 80 joins the intermediate lattice point portion 550b to the steel pipe column 30 and the first steel pipe pile 20a by solidifying.

[0078] Note that the cross-sectional structure of the portion of the steel pipe member 51b of the intermediate lattice point portion 550b according to Embodiment 1 shown in the G-G portion of FIG. 17 is the same as the structure of FIG. 16. However, in the cross-section shown in the G-G portion, the filling hole 56a may not be provided.

[0079] (Construction method of V port 200) Next, a construction method of the V-port 200 according to Embodiment 1 will be described.

[0080] FIG. 18 is a flow of the construction method of the V-port 200 according to Embodiment 1. First, the steel pipe piles 20 are driven into the ground 90 in parallel in a first direction and a second direction intersecting the first direction. This step is called a steel pipe pile driving step. In the steel pipe pile driving step, first, a hole 95 for driving the steel pipe pile 20 is formed by drilling the ground 90 using a down-the-hole hammer or the like. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the hole 95 penetrates the deposit layer 92 on the surface 94 side of the ground 90 and reaches the support layer 93.

[0081] FIG. 19 is an explanatory view of a state where the steel pipe pile 20 is built into the hole 95. The right side portion from the center line in FIG. 19 shows the structure in a cross section including the central axis of the steel pipe pile 20. The steel pipe pile 20 is built into the hole 95 so that the tip reaches the bottom surface 96 of the hole 95. Then, with the position of the steel pipe pile 20 determined, the filling material 80 is injected from the opening at the upper end of the steel pipe pile 20. As the filling material 80, for example, mortar or concrete is used. The filling material 80 passes through the steel pipe pile 20 having a hollow cylindrical shape and flows into the gap 97 between the hole 95 and the outer surface of the steel pipe pile 20 through the through hole 15 provided at the end of the steel pipe pile 20 on the bottom surface 96 side of the hole 95.

[0082] The filling material 80 flowing into the gap 97 rises in the gap 97 as the internal space of the steel pipe pile 20 is filled with the filling material 80. If it can be confirmed that the filling material 80 flows out from the surface 94 of the ground 90, it can be confirmed that the gap 97 between the steel pipe pile 20 and the hole 95 is filled with the filling material 80. When the gap 97 between the steel pipe pile 20 and the hole 95 is directly filled with the filling material 80 from the surface 94 of the ground 90, it is difficult to evenly fill the filling material 80 around the steel pipe pile 20. Also, depending on the conditions of the ground 90, the surface of the hole 95 may not be smooth and earth and sand may be mixed into the filling material 80, or the filling material 80 may not be sufficiently filled up to the bottom surface 96. However, by performing the steel pipe pile driving step using the structure shown in FIG. 19, the steel pipe pile 20 can be surely driven into the ground 90.

[0083] The steel pipe piles 20 are used in a plurality of V-ports 200. All of the plurality of steel pipe piles 20 may be driven into the ground 90 by the above-described steel pipe pile driving process. Note that the plurality of steel pipe piles 20 of the V-port 200 do not necessarily have to be provided with the holes 95 shown in FIG. 19.

[0084] Next, a steel pipe column 30 is temporarily joined to a first steel pipe pile 20a among the plurality of steel pipe piles 20, and a support pile 10a is temporarily assembled. Further, a lattice portion 50 is temporarily joined to the pile head 12 of the support pile 10a and the pile head 21b of a second steel pipe pile 20b among the plurality of steel pipe piles 20. When an upper end lattice portion 50a or an intermediate lattice portion 50b, 150b is used for the lattice portion 50, the temporary joining can temporarily install the steel pipe column 30 and the lattice portion 50 on the steel pipe pile 20 by using a formwork jig 70. This is called a temporary joining process. In particular, the process of installing the lattice portion 50 on the pile heads 12, 21a or 21b is called a lattice portion installation process, and the process of installing the formwork jig 70 on the lattice portion 50 is called a formwork installation process. Further, the process of fixing the lattice portion 50 to the pile head 21b using the formwork jig 70 is called a fixing process, and the process of installing the steel pipe column 30 on the intermediate lattice portion 50b of the lattice portion 50 is called a steel pipe column building-in process. The lattice portion installation process, the formwork installation process, the fixing process, and the steel pipe column building-in process are included in the temporary joining process. Hereinafter, the details of the temporary joining process when the formwork jig 70 is used for joining the intermediate lattice portion 150b will be described.

[0085] FIG. 20 is an explanatory view of the structure of the formwork jig 70 used in the temporary joining process of Embodiment 1. In FIG. 20, a view in the case of installing the upper end lattice portion 50a on the steel pipe pile 20 is shown, but the method of using the formwork jig 70 is the same also in the case of installing the intermediate lattice portions 50b, 150b (see FIGS. 11 to 13). For example, when installing the intermediate lattice portion 150b on the pile head 21 of the steel pipe pile 20, the formwork jig 70 is used on the pile head 21 of the steel pipe pile 20.

[0086] The formwork jig 70 includes a bracket 71 that supports a formwork plate 74. The bracket 71 is connected to a fixing band 73. The fixing band 73 is detachably fixed to the steel pipe pile 20 so as to surround the outer surface of the steel pipe pile 20, and fixes the position of the bracket 71. The process of installing the formwork jig 70 on the steel pipe pile 20 by the fixing band 73 is particularly called the formwork installation process. The formwork installation process is included in the temporary joining process.

[0087] When the support pile 10 is configured by joining a steel pipe column 30 to a first steel pipe pile 20a as shown in FIG. 13, first, the intermediate lattice part 150b is placed on the pile head 21a of the steel pipe pile 20. This process is called the lattice part installation process or the intermediate lattice part installation process. Then, a girder member 41 is installed at the joint 52 of the intermediate lattice part 150b. This process is called the girder member installation process. The intermediate lattice part 150b is installed such that the formwork plate 74 of the formwork jig 70 abuts against the lower end surface of the steel pipe member 51b. The formwork plate 74 is installed so that the filling material 80 injected into the intermediate lattice part 50b does not leak out. This process is called the formwork installation process. The lattice part installation process, the girder member installation process, and the formwork installation process are included in the temporary joining process. Also, the lattice part installation process, the girder member installation process, and the formwork installation process can be interchanged in order.

[0088] FIG. 20 shows a state in which the formwork jig 70 is installed on the upper grid point portion 50a or the intermediate grid point portion 50b. As shown in FIG. 20, after the intermediate grid point portion 50b is installed on the pile head 12 by the grid point portion installation step, the formwork jig 70 is installed below the intermediate grid point portion 50b. Note that the formwork jig 70 can be similarly installed for the intermediate grid point portion 150b. The bracket 71 of the formwork jig 70 includes an adjustment bolt 75. The tip of the adjustment bolt 75 abuts against the outer peripheral surface of the steel pipe member 51b of the intermediate grid point portion 50b placed on the formwork plate 74. In FIG. 20, the upper grid point portion 50a is shown as an example, but the formwork jig 70 can be similarly used when the intermediate grid point portion 150b is installed on the first steel pipe pile 20a. The adjustment bolt 75 is screwed with the nut member 76, and the position of the tip can be accurately adjusted, and the position of the steel pipe member 51b of the intermediate grid point portion 50b can be temporarily fixed. The step of adjusting and fixing the horizontal position of the steel pipe member 51b of the intermediate grid point portion 50b in this way is called the fixing step. The fixing step is included in the temporary joining step.

[0089] After the intermediate grid point portion 150b is attached to the pile head 21a of the first steel pipe pile 20a, as shown in FIG. 13, the steel pipe column 30 is erected on the intermediate grid point portion 150b. This is called the steel pipe column erection step. The steel pipe column erection step is included in the temporary joining step. Thereby, as shown in FIG. 13, the steel pipe column 30 is erected on the first steel pipe pile 20a.

[0090] Next, the upper grid point portion 50a is attached to the pile head 12 of the support pile 10a and the second steel pipe pile 20b to which the steel pipe column 30 is connected to the first steel pipe pile 20a. This step is called the grid point portion installation step or the upper grid point portion installation step. The installation of the upper grid point portion 50a is performed by the grid point portion installation step, the formwork installation step, and the fixing step in the same manner as when the intermediate grid point portion 150b is installed on the pile head 21 of the first steel pipe pile 20a.

[0091] After the intermediate lattice part 150b is installed, the girder member 41 that connects the intermediate lattice parts 150b to each other is installed. Also, after the upper-end lattice part 50a is installed, the girder member 41 that connects the upper-end lattice parts 50a to each other is installed. These processes are called the girder member installation process. The girder member installation process can be included in the temporary joining process.

[0092] As described above, by using the formwork jig 70, the V-port 200 according to the first embodiment can temporarily assemble the support piles 10a and 10b without injecting the filling material 80 into the lattice part 50. Therefore, by installing a covering formwork (not shown) on the temporarily assembled support piles 10a and 10b and placing a crane and materials for pile installation on the upper part thereof, the support piles 10a and 10b can be successively erected in the first direction along the direction in which the artificial ground extends. This process of installing the covering formwork on the support piles 10a and 10b is called the covering formwork installation process. The covering formwork installation process can be included in the temporary joining process. The steel pipe driving process and the temporary joining process are alternately repeated until a plurality of support piles 10 of the V-port 200 are completed. The above processes are collectively called the support pile erection process.

[0093] By the support pile erection process, when a plurality of support piles 10 are erected and the lattice part 50 is temporarily fixed to the pile heads 12 of the support piles 10, the filling material 80 is injected into the lattice part 50 as necessary. This process is called the injection and solidification process. Note that the lattice parts 50 into which the filling material 80 is injected are the upper-end lattice parts 50a, 550a, the intermediate lattice parts 50b, 150b, and 550b. The injection and solidification process may be performed for all the lattice parts 50 after the support piles 10 in the temporarily assembled state are erected.

[0094] When installing the V-port 200 without using the formwork jig 70, first drive the first support pile 10 in the first direction. After solidifying the filling material 80 injected into the lattice part 50, install the formwork on top of the support pile 10. This is called the formwork installation process. Then, place a heavy machine on the installed formwork and drive the next support pile 10. In such a process, since the injection and solidification process of the filling material 80 is required each time a support pile 10 is driven, the construction period becomes long. On the other hand, the V-port 200 according to Embodiment 1 has the advantage that the number of injection and solidification processes of the filling material 80 can be suppressed by using the formwork jig 70, so that the construction period can be shortened.

[0095] After the injection and solidification process of the V-port 200 is completed, the formwork is removed. This is called the formwork removal process. After the formwork removal process, the floor slab 299 is installed. This is called the floor slab installation process.

[0096] FIG. 21 is a side view showing an example of the formwork 399. The formwork 399 is placed on top of the temporarily assembled support pile 10 when the steel pipe pile driving process and the temporary joining process are repeated. The formwork 399 shown in FIG. 21 is provided with a temporary pile head block 350a. Therefore, the pile head block 350a is fitted into the pile head 12 without installing the upper lattice part 50a of the V-port 200 so that the formwork 399 can be installed. By using such a formwork 399, only the steel pipe pile driving process can be carried out collectively, so that the restraint time of the pile driving machine can be shortened.

[0097] Using the processes described above, the V-port 200 is constructed by installing the support pile 10, the lattice part 50, and the girder member 41 and then installing the floor slab 299. The processes described above have the advantage that the position of the lattice part 50 can be adjusted even when the protruding amount of the support pile 10 protruding from the ground 90 is large, mainly using the eccentric joint members 60 and 260. However, the structure using the eccentric joint members 60, 260, and 560 may be only a part of the lattice part 50 of the V-port 200.

[0098] For example, in FIG. 2, the support piles 10 on the left side and the support piles 10 on the right side have an intermediate lattice portion 250b, and the first steel pipe pile 20a and the steel pipe column 30 are joined using an eccentric joining member 260. The eccentric joining member 260 enables adjustment of the horizontal position of the steel pipe column 30 joined on top of the two first steel pipe piles 20a, and also enables adjustment of the position of the intermediate lattice portion 250b.

[0099] Also, in FIG. 2, a plurality of lattice portions 50 are installed above the intermediate lattice portion 250b of the support piles 10 on the left side and the support piles 10 on the right side. These lattice portions 50 are installed in the middle part of the steel pipe column 30, and since the position of the steel pipe column 30 is adjusted by the eccentric joining member 260, position accuracy can be ensured. Therefore, the lattice portions 50 installed in the middle part of the steel pipe column 30 can ensure position accuracy without using the eccentric joining members 60, 260, 560. However, when the distance from the eccentric joining member 260 is long and position accuracy cannot be ensured, a structure using the eccentric joining member 60 or 260 may also be applied to the lattice portions 50 installed in the middle of the steel pipe column 30.

[0100] In FIG. 2, the girder member 41 is installed so as to extend horizontally, but it may be arranged obliquely. Also, the floor slab 299 may be inclined as necessary. Further, the girder member 41 may be inclined along the slope of the ground 90 where the support pile 10 is driven. That is, the lattice portion 50 provided on the support pile 10 driven on the mountain side of the slope may be arranged at a higher position than the lattice portion 50 provided on the support pile 10 driven on the valley side of the slope. With such a configuration, the position where the lattice portion 50 is installed does not overly deviate from the surface 94 of the ground 90. Also, it suppresses the partial excessive increase in the horizontal displacement δ of the portion of the support pile 10 protruding from the ground 90, and can suppress the destruction of the support pile 10 due to vibrations such as earthquakes. The seismic resistance can be improved by the diagonal beam connecting the intermediate lattice portions 50b. This diagonal beam may use a seismic brace or a seismic isolation brace.

[0101] (Building 290) As shown in FIG. 2, the building 290 is constructed on the first floor slab 299. In Embodiment 1, the columns of the building 290 are part of the support piles 10 and are the parts protruding above the first floor slab 299. That is, the columns of the building 290 are part of the steel pipe columns 30. Alternatively, the columns of the building 290 may be part of the steel pipe piles 20.

[0102] The building 290 is configured by installing the wall 291 on the support pile 10 with a part of the support pile 10 as a column. Further, the support pile 10 has the lattice part 50 at the upper end connected by the girder member 41, and the ceiling 292 is installed on the girder member 41.

[0103] A plurality of floor slabs 299 may be provided inside the building 290. In Embodiment 1, a second floor slab 299 is provided above the first floor slab 299.

[0104] As described above, the building 290 is constructed using the support piles 10 driven into the ground 90. Therefore, the load of the building 290 is directly supported by the support piles 10, and the direct burden on the girder member 41 is small.

[0105] Further, the wall 291 of the building 290 is provided with an opening 270 that communicates the space above the second floor slab 299 and the space outside the building 290. A shutter is installed in the opening 270, and by opening and closing it, it is possible to suppress the intrusion of wind, rain, etc. into the building 290.

[0106] Further, the space above the first floor slab 299 communicates with the outside through the entrance 271, and the vehicle T can enter the building. A shutter is also installed at the entrance 271, and by closing it except when the vehicle T enters, it is possible to suppress the entry of wind, rain, etc.

[0107] (Wind power generation equipment 275) As shown in FIG. 3, the V-port 200 may be provided with a wind power generation facility 275. The wind power generation facility 275 is installed at the tip of the support pile 10 and is located above the first floor slab 299. In Embodiment 1, the support pile 10 on which the wind power generation facility 275 is installed is formed by joining a steel pipe pile 20 and a steel pipe column 30 with an eccentric joint member 60 or 260 or the like. The wind power generation facility 275 is installed at the upper end of the steel pipe column 30, and a solar power generation facility (not shown) is installed in the middle part.

[0108] (Support pile 10) The support pile 10 according to Embodiment 1 may be composed of a single steel pipe or may be composed of joining two or more steel pipes. The left and right support piles 10 shown in FIG. 2 are formed by welding a steel pipe column 30 above a first steel pipe pile 20a driven into the ground 90 at a joint 11. In this case, the joint 11 may be provided with an intermediate lattice point portion 50b shown in FIG. 11. Note that the joint 11 may have a structure in which the first steel pipe pile 20a and the steel pipe column 30 are joined using the intermediate lattice point portion 150b shown in FIG. 13. Further, the support pile 10 is composed only of the second steel pipe pile 20b.

[0109] Embodiment 2. FIG. 22 is a cross-sectional view of the V-port 200 according to Embodiment 2. In this Embodiment 2, it is different from Embodiment 1 in that the corridor 2 is provided above the railway line 5 instead of above the river 4. In this Embodiment 2, parts common to Embodiment 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals and the description thereof is omitted, and the description will be centered on the differences from Embodiment 1.

[0110] As shown in FIG. 22, the corridor 2 is provided at a position near above the railway line 5. Also, the height of the floor slab 299 of the V-port 200 is the same as the height of the railway line 5. A road structure 1000 is provided on the side opposite to the railway line 5 with the V-port 200 interposed therebetween, but there is a height difference between the railway line 5 and the road structure 1000. The V-port 200 is provided at this portion with the height difference.

[0111] Even in the case of the V-port 200 where the corridor 2 is provided above the railway line 5 as in the second embodiment, the same effects as those in the first embodiment can be achieved.

[0112] Embodiment 3. FIG. 23 is a cross-sectional view of the V-port 200 according to the third embodiment. In the third embodiment, the configuration of the building 290 is different from that in the first embodiment. In the third embodiment, parts common to the first and second embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals and the description thereof is omitted, and the description will be centered on the differences from the first and second embodiments.

[0113] As shown in FIG. 23, both the railway vehicle R running on the railway line 5 and the vehicle T running on the road structure 1000 enter and exit the building 290. For example, the height of the railway line 5 coincides with the height of the floor slab 299 of the building 290, and the height of the road structure 1000 is different from the height of the floor slab 299 of the building 290. In this case, by using the artificial ground structure of the third embodiment and providing the inclined slope 7 from the road structure 1000 to the floor slab 299, the vehicle running on the road structure 1000 can enter and exit the building 290.

[0114] Even in the case of the V-port 200 provided with the building 290 through which both the railway vehicle R running on the railway line 5 and the vehicle T running on the road structure 1000 enter and exit as in the third embodiment, the same effects as those in the first embodiment can be achieved.

[0115] Embodiment 4. FIG. 24 is a cross-sectional view of the V-port 200 according to the fourth embodiment. In the fourth embodiment, the V-port 200 is provided directly above the road structure 1000, which is different from the first embodiment. In the fourth embodiment, parts common to the first to third embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals and the description thereof is omitted, and the description will be centered on the differences from the first to third embodiments.

[0116] As shown in Fig. 24, the support piles 10 at both ends of the V-port 200 are erected on the ground 90 with the road structure 1000 interposed therebetween. Thereby, while effectively utilizing the space above the road structure 1000, the same effects as those in the first embodiment can be obtained.

[0117] Embodiment 5. Fig. 25 is a cross-sectional view of the V-port 200 according to Embodiment 5. In this Embodiment 5, it is different from the first embodiment in that the V-port 200 is provided directly above the railway line 5. In this Embodiment 5, parts common to the first to fourth embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals and the description thereof is omitted, and the description will be centered on the differences from the first to fourth embodiments.

[0118] As shown in Fig. 25, the support piles 10 at both ends of the V-port 200 are erected on the ground 90 with the railway line 5 interposed therebetween. Thereby, while effectively utilizing the space above the railway line 5, the same effects as those in the first embodiment can be obtained.

[0119] Embodiment 6. Fig. 26 is a cross-sectional view of the V-port 200 according to Embodiment 6. In this Embodiment 6, the configuration of the V-port 200 is different from that in the first embodiment. In this Embodiment 6, parts common to the first to fifth embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals and the description thereof is omitted, and the description will be centered on the differences from the first to fifth embodiments.

[0120] As shown in Fig. 26, the upper floor of the building 290 serves as the takeoff and landing area 3 for the VTOL 1. And the lower floor of the building 290 serves as a flow path through which the air (downwash) discharged downward from the VTOL 1 passes. Thereby, it is possible to suppress the air (downwash) discharged downward from the VTOL from hitting the vehicle T or the like, and not to hinder the running of the vehicle T or the like.

[0121] In addition, a blast fence 6 is provided at an end portion on the side adjacent to the road structure 1000 in the takeoff and landing area 3 of the VTOL1. The blast fence 6 prevents the wind discharged from the VTOL1 from hitting the vehicle T traveling on the adjacent road structure 1000.

[0122] FIG. 27 is a top view of the takeoff and landing area 3 of the V-port 200 according to Embodiment 6. As shown in FIG. 27, the takeoff and landing area 3 of the VTOL1 has a rectangular shape extending in the longitudinal direction with respect to the approach direction of the VTOL1 in a top view. The central portion of the takeoff and landing area 3 is the TLOF (Touchdown and Lift-Off area). The TLOF is an area for the landing gear of the VTOL1 to touch down or lift off (transition from the grounded state to hovering). An FATO (Final Approach and Take-Off area) is provided around the TLOF. The FATO is an area provided for the transition from the final approach for landing of the VTOL1 to touchdown or hovering and the transition from the touchdown or hovering state to takeoff. The periphery of the FATO is the SA (Safeted Area), which occupies most of the takeoff and landing area 3. The SA is an area provided to reduce damage to the VTOL1 due to deviation from the FATO.

[0123] According to Embodiment 6, the lower floor of the building 290 serves as a flow path through which the air (downwash) discharged downward from the VTOL1 passes. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the influence of the air (downwash) discharged downward from the VTOL1 on the vehicle T traveling on the road structure 1000 or the railway vehicle R traveling on the railway line 5.

[0124] The artificial ground structure and the V-port described above may also include combinations of the following features. The combinations are shown below. [Appendix 1] An artificial ground structure arranged along the traveling direction of a corridor that is a traffic path of a VTOL, Support piles driven into the ground in parallel in the first direction and a second direction intersecting the first direction in the horizontal direction, The lattice part installed on the support pile, The girder member connecting the lattice parts of the adjacent support piles, The floor slab installed on the girder member, A building provided on the floor slab where the VTOL takes off and lands, An artificial ground structure comprising the above. [Appendix 2] Facing the road structure, The height of the floor slab is the same as the height of the road structure The artificial ground structure according to Appendix 1. [Appendix 3] Facing the railway line, The height of the floor slab is the same as the height of the railway line The artificial ground structure according to Appendix 1 or 2. [Appendix 4] An entrance and exit for the VTOL through which the VTOL enters and exits is formed in the building The artificial ground structure according to any one of Appendices 1 to 3. [Appendix 5] An entrance and exit for vehicles through which vehicles enter and exit is formed in the building The artificial ground structure according to any one of Appendices 1 to 4. [Appendix 6] The building is Composed of multiple floors, At least one of the VTOL takeoff and landing site, the freight elevator and horizontal transfer equipment, the lifting opening, the warehouse, the office, the power storage equipment, the power supply and distribution equipment, and the mechanical and electrical equipment is provided The artificial ground structure according to any one of Appendices 1 to 5. [Appendix 7] Comprising a lower floor slab arranged below the floor slab, The power storage equipment or the power supply and distribution equipment is placed on the lower floor slab The artificial ground structure according to Appendix 6. [Appendix 8] Comprising a solar power generation equipment or a wind power generation equipment provided in the building, Electricity generated by the photovoltaic power generation facility or the wind power generation facility is supplied to the power storage facility or the power supply and distribution facility. The artificial ground structure according to appended note 6 or 7. [Appended note 9] The building is composed of a plurality of floors, the upper floor serves as the takeoff and landing site for the VTOL, and the lower floor serves as a flow path through which air discharged downward from the VTOL passes. The artificial ground structure according to any one of appended notes 6 to 8. [Appended note 10] A blast fence for blocking wind is provided on the upper floor. The artificial ground structure according to appended note 9. [Appended note 11] The floor slab extends in the longitudinal direction along the traveling direction of the corridor, and an inclined sliding zone is provided between the floor slab and the corridor. The artificial ground structure according to any one of appended notes 1 to 10. [Appended note 12] At least a part of the lattice portions has an eccentric joining member that can be joined in a state where the central axis is eccentric in the horizontal direction with respect to the central axis of the support pile. The artificial ground structure according to any one of appended notes 1 to 11. [Appended note 13] Comprising the artificial ground structure according to any one of appended notes 1 to 12. V port. [Appended note 14] A construction method of an artificial ground structure arranged along the traveling direction of a corridor that is a traffic path for VTOL, comprising: a step of driving support piles into the ground in parallel in a first direction and a second direction intersecting the first direction in the horizontal direction; a step of installing lattice portions on the support piles; a step of connecting the lattice portions of adjacent support piles with girder members; a step of installing a floor slab on the girder members; providing a building on the floor slab where the VTOL takes off and lands; A construction method of an artificial ground structure comprising:

Explanation of reference signs

[0125] 1 VTOL, 2 Corridor, 3 Landing and takeoff area, 3a Straight zone, 3b Taxiway, 4 River or road, 5 Railway line, 6 Blast fence, 7 Slope, 10 Support pile, 10a Support pile, 10b Support pile, 11 Joint, 12 Pile head, 13 Protrusion, 14 End face, 15 Through hole, 16 Filling material receiving plate, 17 Filling hole, 20 Steel pipe pile, 20a (First) steel pipe pile, 20b (Second) steel pipe pile, 21 Pile head, 21a Pile head, 21b Pile head, 22a End face, 30 Steel pipe column, 31 End face, 41 Girder member, 41a Girder member, 41b Girder member, 44 Adjacent plate, 50 Lattice part, 50a Upper end lattice part, 50b Middle lattice part, 51a Steel pipe member, 51b Steel pipe member, 52 Joint, 54 Protrusion, 55a Support member, 55b Support member, 56a Filling hole, 56b Filling port, 57 Bolt, 57a Upper surface, 58 Upper plate, 59 Lower plate, 59a Opening, 60 Eccentric joint member, 60a Eccentric joint member, 60b Eccentric joint member, 61 Insertion member, 62 Rib member, 62a External rib member, 62b Internal rib member, 64 Plate material, 70 Formwork jig, 71 Bracket, 73 Fixed band, 74 Formwork plate, 75 Adjusting bolt, 76 Nut member, 80 Filling material, 88 Weld bead, 90 Ground, 92 Deposit layer, 93 Support layer, 94 Surface, 95 Hole, 96 Bottom surface, 97 Gap, 99 Road slab, 150b Middle lattice part, 200 V-port, 250a Upper end lattice part, 250b Middle lattice part, 251 Steel pipe member, 251a Steel pipe member, 254 Lower end face, 254a Lower end face, 260 Eccentric joint member, 261 Plate member, 262 Upper surface, 270 Opening, 271 Entrance / exit, 275 Wind power generation equipment, 287 Auxiliary equipment, 290 Building, 291 Wall, 292 Ceiling, 299 Floor slab (First floor slab, Second floor slab, Third floor slab), 350a Pile head block, 399 Coping slab, 550a Upper end lattice part, 550b Middle lattice part, 560 Eccentric joint member, 560a Eccentric joint member, 560b Eccentric joint member, 1000 Road structure, C Central axis, PH Horizontal load, R Railway vehicle, T Vehicle, W Area, YR Yield ratio, δ Horizontal displacement, δ1 Displacement, δ2 Displacement, δ3 Horizontal displacement, δ4 Horizontal displacement, δy Horizontal displacement at yield, σ Stress, σ1 Stress, σ2 Stress, σ3 Stress, σ3a Stress, σ4 Stress, σu Ultimate stress, σy Yield stress.

Claims

1. An artificial ground structure arranged along the traveling direction of a corridor which is a traffic route for VTOL, comprising: Support piles driven into the ground in parallel in a first direction and a second direction intersecting the first direction in the horizontal direction; Lattice portions installed on the support piles; Girder members connecting the lattice portions of adjacent support piles; A floor slab installed on the girder members; A building provided on the floor slab and where the VTOL takes off and lands; An artificial ground structure comprising the above.

2. Facing a road structure, The artificial ground structure according to Claim 1, wherein the height of the floor slab is the same as the height of the road structure. The artificial ground structure according to Claim 1.

3. Facing a railway line, The artificial ground structure according to Claim 1 or 2, wherein the height of the floor slab is the same as the height of the railway line. The artificial ground structure according to Claim 1 or 2.

4. The artificial ground structure according to Claim 1 or 2, wherein a VTOL entrance and exit through which the VTOL enters and exits is formed in the building. The artificial ground structure according to Claim 1 or 2.

5. The artificial ground structure according to Claim 1 or 2, wherein a vehicle entrance and exit through which vehicles enter and exit is formed in the building. The artificial ground structure according to Claim 1 or 2.

6. The building Is composed of a plurality of floors, The artificial ground structure according to Claim 1 or 2, wherein at least one of the VTOL takeoff and landing area, the luggage lifting and traversing equipment, the lifting opening, the warehouse, the office, the power storage equipment, the power supply and distribution equipment, and the mechanical and electrical equipment is provided. The artificial ground structure according to Claim 1 or 2.

7. Comprising a lower floor slab arranged below the floor slab, The artificial ground structure according to Claim 6, wherein the power storage equipment or the power supply and distribution equipment is placed on the lower floor slab. The artificial ground structure according to Claim 6.

8. Comprising a solar power generation facility or a wind power generation facility provided in the building, The artificial ground structure according to Claim 6, wherein the electric power generated by the solar power generation facility or the wind power generation facility is supplied to the power storage equipment or the power supply and distribution equipment. The artificial ground structure according to Claim 6.

9. The building Is composed of a plurality of floors, The upper floor serves as the VTOL takeoff and landing area, The artificial ground structure according to Claim 6, wherein the lower floor serves as a flow path through which the air discharged downward from the VTOL passes. The artificial ground structure according to Claim 6.

10. The artificial ground structure according to Claim 9, wherein a blast fence for preventing wind is provided on the upper floor. The artificial ground structure according to Claim 9.

11. The floor slab Extends in the longitudinal direction along the traveling direction of the corridor, The artificial ground structure according to Claim 1 or 2, wherein an inclined taxiway is provided between the floor slab and the corridor. The artificial ground structure according to Claim 1 or 2.

12. At least a part of the lattice portions having an eccentric joint member that can be joined in a state where the central axis is eccentric in the horizontal direction with respect to the central axis of the support pile The artificial ground structure according to claim 1 or 2.

13. comprising the artificial ground structure according to claim 1 or 2 V port.

14. A construction method of an artificial ground structure arranged along the traveling direction of a corridor that is a traffic route for VTOL, comprising: a step of driving support piles into the ground in parallel in a first direction and a second direction intersecting the first direction in the horizontal direction; a step of installing lattice portions on the support piles; a step of connecting the lattice portions of adjacent support piles with girder members; a step of installing a floor slab on the girder members; a step of providing a building on which the VTOL takes off and lands on the floor slab; A construction method of an artificial ground structure comprising the above steps.

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