Fire-extinguishing system

Abstract

To provide a fire-extinguishing system of a simple configuration suitable for extinguishing a fire that breaks out in a material storage space.SOLUTION: A fire-extinguishing system includes: a foam extinguisher 30 for extinguishing a fire by discharging foam to a monitoring object for fire breakout; and damming means 50 provided higher than the monitoring object and around the monitoring object for preventing the foam from flowing outside the periphery. The foam extinguisher 30 is installed at a position higher than the damming means and can achieve a simple configuration suitable for extinguishing a fire breaking out in a material storage space. The fire-extinguishing system is temporarily installed outdoors for extinguishing a fire breaking out in a box-shaped container 1 constituting an industrial waste yard, which is a material storage space for storing a waste material. When discharging foam, the foam is caused to enter the container by the foam extinguisher 30, and the foam discharged to the container 1 stays inside the damming means 50 installed around the container 1.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a fire extinguishing system using a foam fire extinguishing device.

Background Art

[0002] For example, in a building under construction, it is common to temporarily set up a material storage yard, a waste material storage yard called a waste material yard, etc. In the following description, such a yard is collectively referred to as a material yard. There have been cases where a fire accident actually occurred in a material yard temporarily set up during construction, and interest in disaster prevention measures in such material yards has been increasing.

[0003] The material yard during the construction of a building is not necessarily indoors, and for example, it may be provided at a temporary outdoor location. As for the causes of fires in the material yard, arson, carelessness in ignition factors during construction work, etc. can be considered.

[0004] As an example of the prior art for detecting arson, there is the following arson detection system (see, for example, Patent Document 1). The system according to Patent Document 1 includes a flame sensor having a flame detection unit, a human body sensor having a human body detection unit, a sensitivity setting unit for setting the sensitivity of the flame detection unit, a transmission unit that transmits an intrusion signal when the human body detection unit detects a human body, and a reception unit that receives the intrusion signal.

[0005] The system according to Patent Document 1 controls to switch the sensitivity of the sensitivity setting unit to high sensitivity when an intrusion signal is received. When a flame is detected by the flame sensor, a fire signal is wirelessly transmitted to the receiver, and the receiver that has received the fire signal and the intrusion signal determines that arson has occurred and relays the arson signal to the mobile terminal.

[0006] As a result, usually, the sensitivity is set to low sensitivity, and even when installed outdoors, false alarms caused by sunlight, etc. are suppressed, and at the same time, it is realized to quickly notify the administrator carrying the mobile terminal that a fire has been detected.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0007]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0008] However, the prior art has the following problems. The material storage area in a building under construction may be provided at a temporary outdoor location as described above. Once the construction work is completed, the material storage area is removed or relocated, and the need for fire detection at the original temporary location disappears. Therefore, unlike the case of constantly monitoring for fires in a normal building, it is important to have a simple configuration that allows for easy installation and removal work.

[0009] Also, even if it is a temporarily installed area to be monitored for fire occurrence, if a fire breaks out in a place like the material storage area of a building under construction as described above, it is conceivable that it will cause significant damage in terms of money and construction period. Therefore, even when a fire breaks out in the material storage area, it is strongly desired to establish a fire extinguishing system having a configuration that can more reliably extinguish the fire.

[0010] However, the system according to Patent Document 1 does not disclose specifically regarding fire extinguishing after a fire has occurred.

[0011] The present disclosure has been made to solve the above problems, and an object thereof is to obtain a fire extinguishing system having a simple configuration suitable for extinguishing a fire occurring in a monitoring target.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0012] The fire extinguishing system according to the present disclosure includes a foam fire extinguishing device that extinguishes a fire by discharging foam toward a monitoring target, and a weir means that is provided higher than the height of the monitoring target and around the monitoring target to prevent the foam from flowing out to the outside more than the surroundings. The foam fire extinguishing device is installed at a position higher than the weir means. Further, the fire extinguishing system according to the present disclosure includes a box-shaped container that is temporarily installed outdoors and constitutes a material storage yard for storing waste materials, a foam fire extinguishing device that is installed at a position where foam enters the container when the foam is discharged, and a weir means provided around the container. The foam discharged to the container stays inside the weir means.

Effects of the Invention

[0013] According to the present disclosure, a fire extinguishing system having a simple configuration suitable for extinguishing a fire occurring in a monitoring target can be obtained.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0014]

Figure 1

Figure 2

Modes for Carrying Out the Invention

[0015] Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the fire extinguishing system of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings. When the fire extinguishing system according to the present disclosure extinguishes a fire in a monitoring target such as a material storage yard using a foam fire extinguishing device, a weir means as a simple configuration is provided around the monitoring target, and the foam stays inside the weir means to improve the fire extinguishing efficiency of the monitoring target. This is the technical feature.

[0016] Embodiment 1. FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of a fire extinguishing system according to Embodiment 1 of the present disclosure. In FIG. 1, a case where a material storage yard 1 temporarily installed outdoors during the construction of a building is set as a monitoring target for fire occurrence is illustrated. As a typical example of the material storage yard 1, a waste yard for storing waste materials provided outdoors of a building under construction can be mentioned. Here, the waste yard may also be called a waste container, which is composed of box-shaped containers, and in some cases, waste generated during construction work may be put in as things other than materials.

[0017] The fire extinguishing system according to Embodiment 1 shown in FIG. 1 includes a structure 10, a smoke detector 20, a foam fire extinguishing device 30, a controller 40, and a damming means 50.

[0018] The structure 10 includes a roof part 11 that can be temporarily installed above the material storage yard 1 and a support column 12 that supports the roof part 11. Generally, a pipe tent can be used. As the roof part 11, in order to obtain an effect of retaining the smoke generated in the material storage yard 1, a configuration in which a hanging wall (not shown) is added to the end of the roof part 11 can also be adopted as a smoke retaining shape.

[0019] For the material storage yard 1 temporarily installed outdoors during the construction of a building, the structure 10 having the roof part 11 can be easily temporarily installed using the support column 12. By temporarily installing such a structure, the smoke generated in the material storage yard 1 moves upward and stays on the roof part 11. Here, "temporarily installing a structure" means that the structure can be assembled simply and in a short time, and after use, the structure can be easily disassembled and returned to the original state where there is nothing.

[0020] A smoke detector 20 as a fire detector that outputs a fire signal when it detects that smoke has occurred in the material storage yard 1 which is the monitoring target is installed on the roof part 11. As the smoke detector 20, for example, a spot-type smoke detector whose sensitivity can be set in multiple stages can be used. This spot-type smoke detector 20 is resistant to dust and can suppress false detection due to dust even when installed outdoors.

[0021] Although illustration is omitted, a highly sensitive smoke detector that outputs a fire signal when it detects the occurrence of smoke at the material storage area 1 to be monitored can also be used. As the highly sensitive smoke detector, for example, a type of smoke detector that uses a sampling tube with a large number of sampling holes to constantly suck the air staying in the roof from the large number of sampling holes and optically monitors the ambient air in the entire area can be used.

[0022] This highly sensitive smoke detector is not as resistant to dust as the smoke detector 20, but it can be set so that the sensitivity setting range width is wider than that of the smoke detector 20 and it can detect smoke with higher sensitivity than the smoke detector 20. However, when used with high sensitivity, since it is also used outdoors and there are many false detections, it is desirable to use the highly sensitive smoke detector in a state where it is set to be slightly more sensitive than the low-sensitivity smoke detector 20 (three types of sensitivity).

[0023] Therefore, with the minimum configuration in which the smoke detector 20 is installed on the roof 11, the smoke generated at the material storage area 1 can be detected. Furthermore, by using both the smoke detector 20 and the highly sensitive smoke detector and configuring it to detect smoke when both the smoke detector 20 and the highly sensitive smoke detector are operating, it becomes possible to detect smoke strongly resistant to dust and with high precision. In addition, as the fire detector, not only a smoke detector but also a flame detector, for example, an infrared three-wavelength type flame detector or other detection means may be used.

[0024] In the configuration of FIG. 1, the case where a foam fire extinguishing device 30 that extinguishes fire by discharging foam toward the material storage area 1 to be monitored is installed in the controller 40 is illustrated. The foam fire extinguishing device 30 is a device that discharges foam to extinguish a fire occurring within the protection area (that is, within the monitoring target). As the foam, it is desirable to discharge a high-expansion foam with a large expansion ratio.

[0025] Explaining the foam fire extinguishing device 30 in more detail, the foam fire extinguishing device 30 is installed at a position higher than the weir means 50 using a mounting pedestal or the like (not shown), and when discharging foam, it is installed at a position where the foam enters the box-shaped container constituting the material storage yard 1.

[0026] Note that in FIG. 1, only the part for discharging foam is shown, but in the foam fire extinguishing device 30, an aqueous foam solution obtained by mixing foam concentrate and water is supplied via a pump through a pipe. When the pump is activated, the supplied aqueous foam solution is supplied toward a foam generating net (not shown) provided at the tip of the device, and foam is continuously discharged from the foam generating net.

[0027] Here, instead of a pump, a gas cylinder such as nitrogen may be used as a means for supplying the aqueous foam solution to the foam fire extinguishing device 30, and the aqueous foam solution may be supplied by the pressure in the gas cylinder. Using a gas cylinder is more effective in terms of installation and removal at the construction site. Also, in the case of a building under construction, it is often impossible to obtain commercial power, so it is preferable to use a gas cylinder that can supply the aqueous foam solution without power as a supply means.

[0028] The foam fire extinguishing device 30 is not limited to the installation as shown in FIG. 1. For example, when the material storage yard 1 is arranged adjacent to the wall of a building, a configuration in which the foam fire extinguishing device 30 is installed on the wall can be adopted. In this case, since the aforementioned pump, gas cylinder, etc. constituting a part of the foam fire extinguishing device 30 are provided inside the building under construction and the foam fire extinguishing device 30 can be installed using the building structure, the installation of the device is stabilized.

[0029] The controller 40 controls the foam fire extinguishing device 30 based on the fire signal output from the smoke detector 20. Specifically, when the smoke detector 20 is activated and the controller 40 receives the fire signal output from the smoke detector 20, the controller 40 outputs a foam discharge command to the foam fire extinguishing device 30 (including the pump) to discharge foam toward the material storage yard 1.

[0030] In addition, when the controller 40 receives a fire signal output from the smoke detector 20, it can execute a reporting process to notify that a fire has occurred. Here, the reporting process means operating an alarm device having a buzzer (not shown) or the like to notify the possibility of a fire.

[0031] Furthermore, in the fire extinguishing system according to the first embodiment, in order to enhance the fire extinguishing efficiency of the fire that occurred in the material storage area 1 by the foam discharged from the foam fire extinguishing device 30, the damming means 50 is provided, which has a technical feature. Therefore, the damming means 50 will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 2.

[0032] FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a specific configuration of the damming means 50 in the first embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 2(A) is a cross-sectional view for explaining the positional relationship between the material storage area 1 and the damming means 50. Also, FIG. 2(B) is a top view for explaining the positional relationship between the material storage area 1 and the damming means 50.

[0033] As shown in FIG. 2(A), the damming means 50 has a height H1 that is higher than the height H2 of the material storage area 1 that is the object to be monitored. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 2(B), the damming means 50 is provided around the material storage area 1 that is the object to be monitored. The reason for setting H1 > H2 is that the materials placed in the material storage area 1 may protrude higher than the height H2 of the material storage area 1.

[0034] Therefore, by providing the damming means 50 so as to have such a height relationship, the foam discharged from the foam fire extinguishing device 30 toward the material storage area 1 enters and accumulates in the box-shaped container that constitutes the material storage area 1. Then, the foam overflowing from the container spreads outward, but is prevented from flowing out to the outside of the damming means 50, and it becomes possible to cover the materials placed in the material storage area 1 with the foam.

[0035] In other words, by providing the weir means 50, the foam discharged to the material storage yard 1 stays inside the weir means 50, and it becomes possible to more effectively cover the fire occurring in the material storage yard 1 with the foam in a shorter time, realizing an improvement in the fire extinguishing efficiency. Here, since the height of the weir means 50 is higher than that of the material storage yard 1, even if materials such as wood protrude from the upper surface of the material storage yard 1, if the materials are lower than the height of the weir means 50, the inside of the material storage yard 1 is completely filled with the accumulated foam and extinguished by smothering fire extinguishing.

[0036] Note that as the weir means 50, various materials capable of blocking the foam, such as metal materials, steel plates, sheet-like members, and resin materials, can be applied. Also, as long as the foam can be blocked, it is also possible to apply materials other than mesh-like ones as the weir means 50. When the foam discharged from the foam fire extinguishing device 30 is high-expansion foam, it is possible to sufficiently block the foam even with the weir means 50 having openings such as a wire mesh. When a steel plate is used as the weir means 50, it is possible to block the foam even if the discharged foam is low-expansion foam.

[0037] Also, as shown in Fig. 2(B), a door 51 is provided as an openable and closable structure in a part of the weir means 50. By setting the door 51 in the open state, it is possible to facilitate the work of carrying materials into the material storage yard 1 and the work of removing materials from the material storage yard 1.

[0038] Also, in Fig. 2(B), a state is illustrated in which the weir means 50 arranged around the material storage yard 1 is installed at a position separated from the material storage yard 1 by a distance W1 to a distance W4. The larger the distance W, the larger the space between the material storage yard 1 and the weir means 50, and the longer the time for the foam to accumulate. As a result, the larger the distance W, the longer the time to accumulate the foam in the material storage yard 1, which may cause a delay in fire extinguishing.

[0039] On the other hand, from the perspective of the material loading operation to the material storage area 1 and the material removal operation from the material storage area 1, it is necessary to ensure the minimum distance required for efficient operation. Therefore, considering the trade-off between the speed of fire extinguishing and the improvement of work efficiency, it is desirable to provide the weir means 50 for the material storage area 1 such that each of the distances W1 to W4 is in the range of 0.3 m to 1.0 m.

[0040] In addition, when arranging any side of the material storage area 1 adjacent to the building wall surface or the like, the distance W is close to 0 m for the adjacent surface. That is, it is not necessary to set the distance W in the range of 0.3 m to 1.0 m on all sides of the material storage area 1. It is desirable to set the distance W in the range of 0.3 m to 1.0 m on the surface where the operator accesses the material storage area 1 to make it easy for people to pass.

[0041] That is, as long as there is a distance W to the weir means 50 only on the front side of the material storage area 1 where there is a door 51 as the opening / closing means and the material, waste garbage, etc. can be taken in and out of the material storage area 1, the distance W to the weir means 50 can be 0 m in the side and back directions of the material storage area 1.

[0042] The weir means 50 described with reference to FIG. 2 can be assembled simply and in a short time. After use, it can be easily disassembled and returned to the original state where there is nothing, and it has a structure suitable for temporary installation.

[0043] Summarizing the effects of the fire extinguishing system according to the above-described Embodiment 1, it is as follows. <Effect 1: Improvement of fire extinguishing efficiency by foam> A weir means higher than the height of the monitoring target is provided around the monitoring target, and the minimum configuration is provided such that the foam discharged toward the monitoring target stays inside the weir means. As a result, it is possible to cover the monitoring target with foam in a shorter time and suppress the diffusion of smoke, thereby improving the fire extinguishing efficiency. In addition, since the diffusion of smoke outside the fire extinguishing area can be extremely reduced, the effect that the response activities and evacuation activities for the fire can be easily performed can also be realized.

[0044] In fire extinguishing by discharging water, the water spreads outside the monitoring target, and depending on the fire situation such as an oil fire, rapid fire extinguishing may not be possible, and a large amount of water is required. On the other hand, according to the fire extinguishing system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, by providing a configuration in which a foam fire extinguishing device and a damming means are combined, the fire extinguishing efficiency by the foam fire extinguishing device is improved, and the fire in the material storage yard can be surely extinguished whether it is an ordinary fire or an oil fire, and rapid fire extinguishing can be realized.

[0045] <Effect 2: Achieving both rapid fire extinguishing and improved work efficiency> By providing a gap in the damming means installed around the monitoring target so as to be separated from the monitoring target by a distance of 0.3 m to 1.0 m, it is possible to achieve both rapid fire extinguishing and improved work efficiency. In addition, it is not essential to provide gaps all around, and it is sufficient to set the distance on the surface where the operator accesses the material storage yard 1 within the range of 0.3 m to 1.0 m. Furthermore, by providing an openable and closable door in a part of the damming means, the loading work and the removal work can be facilitated.

[0046] <Effect 3: Interlocking with a sensor> The foam fire extinguishing device may be manually operated, but by interlocking with a smoke sensor or the like, the foam fire extinguishing operation can be automated without manual intervention.

[0047] In particular, at a construction site, it is conceivable that a material storage yard is temporarily installed outdoors or in a high-ceiling location. It is also conceivable that the installation location of the material storage yard moves according to the progress of the construction. In this case, the structure 10 and the damming means 50 can be disassembled and reassembled and temporarily installed according to the location to be moved. Therefore, a fire extinguishing system suitable for a construction site or the like can be easily provided.

[0048] Note that the arrangements of the smoke detector 20 and the foam fire extinguishing device 30 are not limited to the layout shown in FIG. 1. The smoke detector 20 can be arranged at a desired position suitable for detecting smoke generated in the monitoring target or a temperature equal to or higher than the threshold value. Further, the foam fire extinguishing device 30 can be arranged at a desired position suitable for foam fire extinguishing according to the size, height, installation location, etc. of the monitoring target.

[0049] In addition, in the above-described Embodiment 1, the material storage yard during the construction of a building was described as a specific example of the "monitoring target for fire occurrence", but the "monitoring target for fire occurrence" in the present application is not limited to such a material storage yard at a construction site. For example, the monitoring targets to which a configuration combining a foam fire extinguishing device and a damming means can be applied, such as a material storage yard outside the construction site or an area where fire occurrence should be monitored at an outdoor event, are included in the "monitoring target for fire occurrence" of the present application.

[0050] Note that although the case where the material storage yard is provided outside the building under construction and outdoors has been described, this embodiment can also be applied when the material storage yard is provided indoors. In the case of indoors, in the case of a building under construction, there is no smoke exhaust device and there is a risk of being engulfed in smoke. Therefore, as a countermeasure, a foam fire extinguishing device of the present invention may be provided as a simple indoor fire extinguishing device that can be easily installed and removed.

[0051] In the embodiment, the case where the material storage yard is composed of a box-shaped container as an example and foam is introduced into the container from the foam fire extinguishing device has been described. However, when there are a large amount of materials and waste and they do not fit inside the container, those materials and waste may be placed in front of the container. In such a case, when a fire occurs due to ignition of materials outside the container, it is more desirable to release foam between the material storage yard and the damming means than to put foam into the container from the foam fire extinguishing device. For this reason, the foam fire extinguishing device may be provided with a deflector mechanism that can manually switch the foam discharge direction so that foam can be selectively discharged either inside or outside the container.

Explanation of Reference Numerals

[0052] 1 Material storage area, 10 Structure, 11 Roof part, 12 Support column, 20 Smoke detector, 30 Foam fire extinguishing device, 40 Controller, 50 Dam means, 51 Door.

Claims

1. A foam fire extinguishing system that extinguishes a fire by discharging foam towards a monitoring target for fire occurrence, a weir means that is provided higher than the height of the monitoring target and around the monitoring target to prevent the foam from flowing out beyond the surroundings, and comprises: The foam fire extinguishing device is installed at a position higher than the weir means. Fire extinguishing system.

2. A box-shaped container that is temporarily installed outdoors and constitutes a material storage yard for storing waste materials, a foam fire extinguishing device installed at a position where foam enters the container when the foam is discharged, and a weir means provided around the container, and comprises: The foam discharged to the container stays inside the weir means. Fire extinguishing system.

3. A roof part that can be temporarily installed above the container, and a support column that supports the roof part, and further comprises: A fire detector that outputs a fire signal when it detects that smoke has occurred in the container, which is the monitoring target, is installed on the roof part. The fire extinguishing system according to Claim 2.

4. A gas cylinder is used as a means for supplying an aqueous foam solution to the foam fire extinguishing device, and the aqueous foam solution is supplied to the foam fire extinguishing device by the pressure in the gas cylinder. The fire extinguishing system according to Claim 2 or 3.

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