Construction method and building

Abstract

To efficiently reuse a component of an existing building to be demolished.SOLUTION: A construction method comprises a step of extracting a plurality of types of components from an existing building, and a step of forming a new building by reusing the plurality of types of components extracted from the existing building in different ways depending on their types.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates to building methods and buildings. [Background technology]

[0002] A construction method is known in which floor slabs of existing structures are removed and then reconstructed. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] JP 2015-14159 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] When constructing a new building, if it is possible to efficiently reuse components from existing buildings that are demolished, this would be effective from the perspective of SDGs (Sustainable Development Goals), etc.

[0005] Therefore, the present disclosure aims to efficiently reuse components of existing buildings that are to be demolished. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] In one aspect, the method includes removing a plurality of types of components from an existing building; and a step of reusing the plurality of types of components removed from the existing building in different ways to form a new building. [Effects of the Invention]

[0007] According to the present disclosure, it is possible to efficiently reuse components of existing buildings that are to be demolished. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0008] [Figure 1] 1 is a flowchart showing a general flow of a construction method according to the present embodiment. [Figure 2] 1 is a flowchart showing a schematic flow of a method for reusing a composite deck slab according to this embodiment. [Figure 3] This is an explanatory diagram of step (S10), and is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a part of the deck composite slab of an existing building, including the cutting position. [Figure 4] FIG. 10 is a plan view schematically showing an example of the range (removal range) of the deck composite slab to be removed. [Figure 5] FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of step (S11), showing two views of a portion of the extracted composite deck slab. [Figure 5A] FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of a modified example of the configuration shown in FIG. [Figure 6] FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an example of an installation location of a deck composite slab in a newly constructed building. [Figure 6A] FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the installation location shown in FIG. 6 as seen from below. [Figure 6B] FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a schematic view of a portion of a new building where a deck composite slab will be placed. [Figure 7] FIG. 6C is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 6B. [Figure 8] 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along a YZ plane passing through a line CC in FIG. 7. [Figure 9] FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of a modified example of the configuration shown in FIG. 8. [Figure 10] FIG. 6C is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. 6B. [Figure 11] 1 is a flowchart showing a general flow of a floor slab recycling method according to this embodiment. [Figure 12] 12 is an explanatory diagram of each step of the recycling method shown in FIG. 11. [Figure 13] FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram (part 1) of the arrangement step in the reuse method shown in FIG. [Figure 14] FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram (part 2) of the arrangement step in the reuse method shown in FIG. [Figure 15] 12 is an explanatory diagram of a joining step in the recycling method shown in FIG. 11. FIG. [Figure 16] FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating the function of the counterweight portion. [Figure 17] FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of another connection method between the foundation beam and the floor slab piece. [Figure 18] 1 is a flowchart showing a schematic flow of a method for reusing pillars and the like according to the present embodiment. [Figure 19] FIG. 19 is an explanatory diagram of the reuse method shown in FIG. 18, and is a schematic side view of the existing building including the cutting positions (two positions) of the pillars. [Figure 20] FIG. 1 is a side view showing a schematic cut portion of a pillar. [Figure 20A] FIG. 21 is an explanatory diagram of a comparative example that contrasts with FIG. 20. [Figure 21] FIG. 19 is an explanatory diagram of the reuse method shown in FIG. 18, and is a schematic side view of the existing building including cutting positions (two places) of the foundation beams. [Figure 22] FIG. 19 is an explanatory diagram of the reuse method shown in FIG. 18, and is a side view schematically showing the cut portion of the foundation beam. [Figure 23] FIG. 19 is an explanatory diagram of the reuse method shown in FIG. 18, and is a side view that schematically shows the state in which the divided foundation beams are arranged in the foundation beam formation area for a new building. [Figure 24] FIG. 19 is an explanatory diagram of the reuse method shown in FIG. 18, and is a side view that schematically shows a state (part 1) in which a column for a new building is installed. [Figure 25] FIG. 10 is a diagram schematically illustrating an example of a method for joining a column base and a column body. [Figure 25A] FIG. 10 is a diagram schematically illustrating another example of a method for joining a column base and a column body. [Figure 26] FIG. 19 is an explanatory diagram of the reuse method shown in FIG. 18, and is a side view that schematically shows a state (part 2) in which a column for a new building has been installed. [Figure 27] FIG. 19 is an explanatory diagram of the reuse method shown in FIG. 18, and is a side view that schematically shows a method of relocating pillars and the like. [Figure 28]FIG. 19 is an explanatory diagram of the recycling method shown in FIG. 18, and is a side view schematically showing how reinforcing bars are joined together. [Figure 29] FIG. 19 is an explanatory diagram of the reuse method shown in FIG. 18, and is a side view schematically showing the state after the new foundation beam installation step is completed. [Figure 30] This is a plan view showing the structure of the first floor of the newly constructed building. [Figure 31] FIG. 31 is a cross-sectional view taken along line EE in FIG. 30. [Figure 32] This is an explanatory diagram (part 1) of how to reuse other components. [Figure 33] This is an explanatory diagram (part 2) of other ways to reuse components. [Figure 34] This is an explanatory diagram (part 3) of other ways to reuse components. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0009] Each embodiment will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Note that the dimensional ratios in the drawings are merely examples and are not limiting. Furthermore, shapes and the like in the drawings may be partially exaggerated for the sake of explanation. Furthermore, in the drawings, for ease of viewing, reference symbols may be assigned only to some of the parts that exist with the same attribute.

[0010] FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing a general flow of the construction method according to this embodiment.

[0011] The construction method according to this embodiment includes a step (S100) of extracting a plurality of types of components from an existing building. The plurality of types of components may be any type, but preferably include composite deck slabs, floor slabs, various columns and beams (such as foundation beams), foundations, etc. These represent a large proportion of all components that make up an existing building, and therefore the reuse rate can be increased.

[0012] Furthermore, multiple types of components may be extracted from a single existing building, but preferably, they are extracted from multiple existing buildings. In this case, even if the number or types of components extracted from each existing building are insufficient, they can be easily recycled as components for a new building by complementing each other, thereby increasing the reuse rate. In this embodiment, the proportion of components to be reused in the new building out of all the components constituting the existing building is preferably 50% or more on a volume or weight basis, and more preferably 70% or more on a volume or weight basis. For example, the method for calculating the proportion of components to be reused in the new building is arbitrary, but the volume and weight of each component may be determined from model data such as an arbitrary CAD (Computer Aided Design) model, and the reuse rate may be calculated.

[0013] The construction method according to this embodiment includes a step (S101) of forming a new building by reusing multiple types of components taken from an existing building in different ways for each type. Each of the different ways is optional, and may involve processing, or may involve integrating (bonding or engaging) the components with elements of the new building. The function of a component reused in the new building may be the same as that of a component that fulfilled the same function in the existing building, or it may be a component that fulfilled a different function.

[0014] Next, when the multiple types of components are a composite deck slab, a floor slab, a column, and a foundation beam, a suitable method of reusing each of them will be described.

[0015] [How to reuse composite deck slabs] A preferred method for recycling deck composite slabs is described with reference to Figures 2 through 10.

[0016] Fig. 2 is a flowchart showing a general flow of the method for recycling a composite deck slab according to this embodiment. Fig. 3 to Fig. 10 are explanatory diagrams of each step of the recycling method shown in Fig. 2, and are schematic diagrams showing the execution method of the corresponding step and the state at the time of completion of the step.

[0017] The method for reusing a composite deck slab according to this embodiment (hereinafter also referred to as "this method") first includes a step (S10) of removing the composite deck slab from the existing building 1. The method for removing the composite deck slab from the existing building 1 is arbitrary, but may be, for example, a method of cutting it out by cutting or the like. A concrete cutter or the like may be used for cutting.

[0018] 3 and 4 show explanatory diagrams of this step (S10). FIG. 3 shows a two-view diagram of a partial area including the cutting position in the deck composite slab 10 of the existing building 1. FIG. 4 is a plan view that shows an example of the range (removal range) of the deck composite slab to be removed. In FIGS. 3 and 4 (as well as in FIG. 5, etc., described later), a right-handed coordinate system is associated with each diagram, and the Z direction corresponds to the up-down direction. In FIG. 3, the beam 20 of the existing building 1 is shown only in the left-hand diagram.

[0019] The composite deck slab 10 to be removed is formed by integrating a deck plate 12 and concrete 11. The deck plate 12 has multiple convex ribs 121 that extend in the X direction and protrude toward the negative side (downward) of the Z direction. In this case, the deck plate 12 has grooves 122 that are recessed toward the positive side of the Z direction between adjacent convex ribs 121 in the Y direction. The detailed shape and configuration of the composite deck slab 10 are arbitrary, and it may include reinforcing bars integrated with the concrete 11.

[0020] 3, the cutting line CT1 is schematically shown. In this case, cutting is performed along the YZ plane passing through the cutting line CT1. In this example, the area on the arrow R2 side of the cutting line CT1 is the range that can be reused.

[0021] The range of the deck composite slab to be removed (removal range) among the deck composite slabs 10 to be removed is arbitrary, but may correspond to the range to be used in the new building 2. Furthermore, the removal range may be, for example, the range inside the beams 20, 20A of the existing building 1, as shown in FIG. 4 . Hereinafter, the deck composite slab removed from the existing building 1 in this manner will also be referred to as a "deck composite slab 7" to distinguish it from the deck composite slab 10 of the original existing building 1. Note that the deck composite slab 7 removed from the existing building 1 may be in the form of multiple separate pieces. The following describes the reuse of one deck composite slab 7, but the same may be true for other deck composite slabs 7.

[0022] Next, the method includes a step (S11) of processing the deck composite slab 7.

[0023] An explanatory diagram of this step (S11) is shown in Fig. 5. In Fig. 5, a partial area of the deck composite slab 7 is shown in two views.

[0024] This step (S11) includes a plate fixing step of fixing the plate 30 to the side of the deck plate 12 of the deck composite slab 7 opposite to the side that is bonded to the concrete 11 (negative side in the Z direction).

[0025] The plate 30 may be made of, for example, stainless steel. The plate 30 may be in the form of a flat plate. The plate 30 is fixed by welding to the surface of the deck plate 12 on the negative side in the Z direction (the surface of the convex strip portion 121 on the negative side in the Z direction). This is because concrete 11 is present on the positive side of the deck plate 12 in the Z direction, making it substantially impossible to fix the plate 30 with bolts or the like.

[0026] The size of the plate 30 is arbitrary, but may be adapted to ensure the necessary fixing range between the deck plate 12 and the beam 21 and the fastening points of the bolts BT1 described below.

[0027] The thickness of the plate 30 is arbitrary as long as the necessary strength and rigidity are ensured, but may be set in relation to the flange of the beam 21 in the new building 2 described later.

[0028] In this embodiment, as shown in Fig. 5, the plate 30 extends in the Y direction across multiple convex rib portions 121 of the deck plate 12. In this case, in the area of the deck plate 12 covered by the plate 30, a space 70 is formed between the plate 30 and grooves 122 between adjacent convex rib portions 121, with the negative side in the Z direction being closed. In a modified example, as shown in Fig. 5A, the plate 30A may be separated into multiple pieces, and as a whole, may extend in the Y direction across multiple convex rib portions 121 of the deck plate 12. Note that in this case, the multiple plates 30A may be arranged in a manner such that some of the spaces 70 are not covered, as shown in Fig. 5A.

[0029] The welding range between the plate 30 and the convex rib portion 121 of the deck plate 12 is arbitrary, but for example, a welding length of 50 mm or more in the Y direction and / or X direction may be ensured for each convex rib portion 121.

[0030] This step (S11) may include a step of roughening the cut surface (horizontal end surface) of the composite deck slab 7. In this case, when concrete for a new composite deck slab 10A (described later) that will be placed adjacent to the composite deck slab 7 in a subsequent step is poured, the concrete and the composite deck slab 7 can be firmly integrated.

[0031] The method then includes the step of joining the processed composite deck slab 7 to beams 21, 22 of the new building 2 (S12).

[0032] 6 to 10 show explanatory diagrams of this step (S12). FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing an example of a location where the deck composite slab 7 will be placed in the new building 2. FIG. 6A is a perspective view showing the location of FIG. 6 from below. FIG. 6B is a plan view schematically showing the portion of the new building 2 where the deck composite slab 7 will be placed. In FIGS. 6 and 6A, the location where the deck composite slab 7 will be placed in the new building 2 is indicated by an arrow R5. In FIGS. 6 and 6A, for the convenience of explaining the location where the deck composite slab 7 will be placed, a new deck composite slab 10A is shown around the location where the deck composite slab 7 will be placed. However, as will be described later, the deck composite slab 10A formed adjacent to the deck composite slab 7 will be formed after the deck composite slab 7 is placed. In addition, in FIG. 6B, the placement area of the deck composite slab 7 is hatched to distinguish it from the new deck composite slab 10A. Fig. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line AA in Fig. 6B, Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along the YZ plane passing through line CC in Fig. 7, and Fig. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line BB in Fig. 6B.

[0033] This process (S12) first includes a process of installing (placing) the composite deck slab 7 on the beams 21, 22 of the new building 2. In this case, the composite deck slab 7 may be installed so that it overlaps the flanges of the beams 21, 22 by 50 mm or more in a cross-sectional view. In this embodiment, as shown in Figures 7 to 10, the composite deck slab 7 is installed on the beams 21, 22 in such a manner that the cut surface is located at the center of the flanges of the beams 21, 22. However, the composite deck slab 7 may also be installed on the beams 21, 22 in such a manner that the cut surface is slightly offset from the center of the flanges of the beams 21, 22.

[0034] This step (S12) further includes a step of connecting the installed deck composite slab 7 to the beams 21, 22 of the new building 2 via plates 30.

[0035] In the example shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the deck composite slab 7 is connected to the beam 21 via an L-shaped cross-section plate 82 and a plate 30.

[0036] The L-shaped cross-section plate 82 is provided so as to overlap the plate 30 from the negative side in the Z direction. The L-shaped cross-section plate 82 is fastened to the plate 30 with a bolt BT1 (e.g., a high-strength bolt). Note that the drilling of the bolt BT1 may be performed by a drill after the deck composite slab 7 is installed. The L-shaped cross-section plate 82 is welded to the beam 21. For example, in the case of a beam 21 in the form of an H-shaped steel, the L-shaped cross-section plate 82 may be welded to the surface of the flange of the beam 21 on the negative side in the Z direction and to the web of the beam 21.

[0037] In this embodiment, the L-shaped cross-section plate 82 is provided so as to overlap both the flange of the beam 21 and the plate 30 from the negative side in the Z direction. Therefore, the thickness of the plate 30 may be the same as the thickness of the flange of the beam 21. However, if the thickness of the plate 30 and the thickness of the flange of the beam 21 are different, level adjustment may be performed using a filler plate.

[0038] As shown in Fig. 8, a plurality of L-shaped cross-section plates 82 may be provided along the Y direction. However, in a modified example, as shown in Fig. 9, the plate 30B may be arranged in a manner that does not cover a portion of the space 70. In this case, the L-shaped cross-section plates 82 are not arranged in relation to a portion of the space 70, as shown in Fig. 9.

[0039] In this embodiment, the fastening position of bolt BT1 between plate 30 and L-section plate 82 is set at a location on plate 30 facing groove 122 of deck plate 12 in the Z direction. This allows fastening with bolt BT1 to be performed by utilizing the above-mentioned space 70 formed by groove 122.

[0040] In this way, according to this embodiment, the deck composite slab 7 can be fixed to the beam 21 by welding the L-shaped cross-section plate 82 fastened to the plate 30 by the bolt BT1 to the beam 21. That is, according to this embodiment, the deck composite slab 7 can be fixed to the beam 21 by fixing the plate 30 welded to the deck composite slab 7 and the beam 21 via the bolt BT1.

[0041] 7 and 8, the method of joining the beam 21 and the deck composite slab 7 has been described, but the same may be applied to the method of joining the beam 22 and the deck composite slab 7. However, in the example shown in FIG. 10, the beam 22 and the deck composite slab 7 are joined without the plate 30.

[0042] Next, following step (S12), the method may include a step of completing the new composite deck slab 10A. Some of FIGS. 6 to 10 schematically show the installation state of the new composite deck slab 10A, while FIGS. 7 and 10 show the concrete for the composite deck slab 10A in a state before pouring (see dotted lines). In this case, the new composite deck slab 10A is supported on the beams 21 and 22 using deck support angles 80 and 81. The deck support angles 80 and 81 may be welded to the beams 21 and 22 and the deck plate 12A of the new composite deck slab 10A. The new composite deck slab 10A may also be reinforced with reinforcing bars 14, studs BT2, or the like. The concrete for the new composite deck slab 10A is poured so as to be integrated with the side surface (roughened cut surface) of the composite deck slab 7. In this case, the newly constructed deck composite slab 10A and the deck composite slab 7 can be firmly integrated.

[0043] [How to reuse floor slabs] A preferred method for recycling floor slabs will now be described with reference to Figures 11 through 17.

[0044] Fig. 11 is a flowchart showing a general flow of the method for reusing floor slabs 40 according to this embodiment. Fig. 12 to Fig. 16 are explanatory diagrams of each step of the reusing method shown in Fig. 11, and are schematic diagrams showing the execution method of the corresponding step and the state at the time of completion of the step.

[0045] The method for reusing the floor slab 40 of this embodiment (hereinafter also referred to as "this method") first includes a step (S20) of removing the floor slab from the existing building 1. The method for removing the floor slab 40 from the existing building 1 is arbitrary, but may be, for example, a method of cutting it out by cutting or the like. A concrete cutter or the like may be used for cutting.

[0046] An explanatory diagram of this step (S20) is shown in Figure 12. Figure 12 shows a schematic side view of an example of removal ranges Q21 and Q22 in the floor slab 40 of the existing building 1. In Figure 12 (as well as Figure 13, etc., described later), a right-handed coordinate system is associated with each diagram, and the Z direction corresponds to the up-down direction.

[0047] In the example shown in Fig. 12, parts of the floor slabs 40 on the first and second floors are extracted. The extraction range is arbitrary.

[0048] Next, this method includes a step (S21) of processing a portion of the removed floor slab 40. The processing is optional and may include, for example, processing to adjust the size or separating the portion into multiple segments. Note that this step may be omitted if processing is not required. Hereinafter, the portion of the floor slab 40 removed in this manner (after processing if processing is performed in S21) will also be referred to as a "floor slab piece 41" to distinguish it from the floor slab 40 of the existing building 1. Note that concrete fragments and the like generated during processing may be used as crushed stone on the site of the new building 2.

[0049] In this embodiment, the floor slab pieces 41 thus removed are reused to form counterweight portions of the new building 2, as will be described below.

[0050] Next, the method includes a step (S22) of placing the floor slab pieces 41 on the sides of the foundation beams 24B of the new building 2.

[0051] 13 and 14 show explanatory diagrams of this step (S22). Fig. 13 shows a plan view of an example of a floor slab piece 41 to be placed together with the foundation beam 24B of the new building 2. Fig. 13 also shows a schematic view of a column 55 installed in the new building 2. Fig. 14 shows a side view of the floor slab piece 41 placed on the side of the foundation beam 24B of the new building 2.

[0052] The floor slab pieces 41 may be arranged over the entire side of the foundation beam 24B or over a portion of the entire side. The floor slab pieces 41 may be arranged in an orientation such that a surface that was a horizontal plane in the existing building 1 becomes a vertical plane in the new building 2.

[0053] 13, the floor slab pieces 41A are arranged on the outer side surfaces of specific locations on the foundation beams 24B. In this case, the specific locations are near the columns 55. The floor slab pieces 41A are arranged in pairs on both sides of the new building 2 in the X direction.

[0054] 13, the floor slab piece 41B is disposed on the inner side surface of a specific location of the foundation beam 24B. In this case, the specific location is distant from the column 55.

[0055] 13, the floor slab pieces 41C are arranged on the outer side surface and the inner side surface of specific locations of the foundation beams 24B. In this case, the specific locations are corners where the foundation beams 24B intersect with each other.

[0056] In this way, the floor slab piece 41 may be disposed appropriately at any position on the foundation beam 24B. Examples of preferable locations for disposing the floor slab piece 41 (preferable locations in relation to the braces 58) will be described later.

[0057] The floor slab piece 41 may be disposed in close contact with the side surface of the foundation beam 24B, or may be disposed facing the side surface of the foundation beam 24B with another member or material interposed therebetween. For example, reinforcing bars for preventing cracks may be disposed between the floor slab piece 41 and the foundation beam 24B. Alternatively, instead of or in addition to the joining step (S23) described below, a material (for example, adhesive or grout) for joining the floor slab piece 41 and the foundation beam 24B may be disposed or filled between them.

[0058] Furthermore, the Z-direction dimension of the floor slab piece 41 may be approximately the same as that of the foundation beam 24B. In this case, the floor slab piece 41 is arranged in a manner that covers the entire vertical dimension of the side surface of the foundation beam 24B. However, in a modified example, the floor slab piece 41 may be smaller or larger than the vertical dimension of the side surface of the foundation beam 24B. In the example shown in FIG. 15, the floor slab piece 41 is arranged so that it protrudes slightly above the top surface of the foundation beam 24B (see dimension H in FIG. 15). In this case, the upper part 419 of the floor slab piece 41 can function as a dam when concrete is poured, which may be performed subsequently.

[0059] Next, the method includes a joining step (S23) of joining the placed floor slab pieces 41 to the foundation beams 24B.

[0060] FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram of this step (S23), showing the state after this step as a cross-sectional view taken along line DD in FIG. 13. In the example shown in FIG. 15, the floor slab piece 41 and the foundation beam 24B are fixed by fastening bolts BT5 that penetrate both of them horizontally. To pass the bolts BT5 through, bolt through holes may be formed in the foundation beam 24B by core drilling, or may be formed by a sleeve construction method or similar construction method. Furthermore, bolt through holes may be formed in the floor slab piece 41 by core drilling. The number and positions of the bolts BT5 are arbitrary, but the floor slab piece 41 may be adapted to function as a counterweight (described below) so as to appropriately transmit gravity to the foundation beam 24B via the bolts BT5 (connection portion).

[0061] Here, the floor slab piece 41 can function effectively as a counterweight that reduces or prevents the uplift of the foundation beam 24B when a horizontal force or the like is generated. Specifically, as shown schematically in FIG. 16 , when the foundation beam 24B receives a force F from a column in the uplift direction, the gravity of the floor slab piece 41 can reduce or cancel the force F. This function as a counterweight is particularly effective in locations where the foundation beam 24B is likely to uplift (i.e., locations where the force F is large), such as locations where the braces 58 are located. This is because, in locations where the braces 58 are located, when the braces 58 receive a horizontal force due to swaying of the newly constructed building 2, an upward force acts on the foundation beam 24B via the braces 58. In the example shown in FIG. 13 , the floor slab piece 41A is located near the column 55 on which the braces 58 are installed, thereby effectively reducing or preventing the uplift of the foundation beam 24B that may occur due to the force received through the braces 58.

[0062] Furthermore, a preferred position of the floor slab piece 41 in relation to such a brace 58 may be such that a portion of the floor slab piece 41 (for example, a portion near the center of gravity of the floor slab piece 41) is located within the plane in which the brace 58 extends, or within a plane offset parallel to that plane by a relatively short distance.

[0063] In this embodiment, the floor slab piece 41 and the foundation beam 24B are connected by bolts BT5, but other connection methods may be used. For example, adhesive may be used. Also, in this embodiment, the floor slab piece 41 and the foundation beam 24B are connected by bolts BT5. However, instead of or in addition to this, the floor slab piece 41 and the foundation beam 24B may be engaged in a manner that allows the gravity of the floor slab piece 41 to be transmitted to the foundation beam 24B. This engagement method is optional. For example, the floor slab piece 41 and the foundation beam 24B may be engaged by providing horizontal concave and convex portions so that the concave portions of one of the floor slab piece 41 and the foundation beam 24B fit into the convex portions of the other. Alternatively, an angle (L-shaped steel) may be fixed to the foundation beam 24B, and the floor slab piece 41 may be supported by the angle. In this case, the gravity of the floor slab piece 41 can be transmitted to the foundation beam 24B via the angle (engagement portion).

[0064] FIG. 17 is an explanatory diagram of another method of connecting a floor slab piece 41 and a foundation beam 24C. In the example shown in FIG. 17, floor slab pieces 41 (see, for example, floor slab piece 41C in FIG. 13) are connected to the outer and inner sides of the foundation beam 24C with bolts BT6. In this case, bolts BT6 may be provided so as to simultaneously penetrate both floor slab pieces 41 arranged on the outer and inner sides of the foundation beam 24C. Note that, like the above-mentioned bolts BT5, bolts BT6 extend horizontally to fasten both (floor slab piece 41 and foundation beam 24C). Note that in FIG. 17, reference numeral 45 indicates a newly constructed floor slab. The foundation beam 24C may be a foundation beam of an existing building 1. In this case, the foundation beam 24C of the existing building 1 and the floor slab 40 of the existing building 1 can be combined and both can be reused.

[0065] [How to reuse columns and foundation beams] A preferred method for reusing columns and foundation beams will now be described with reference to Figures 18 to 29.

[0066] Fig. 18 is a flowchart showing the general flow of the method for reusing columns and the like according to this embodiment. Fig. 19 to Fig. 29 are explanatory diagrams of each step of the reusing method shown in Fig. 18, and are schematic diagrams showing the execution method of the corresponding step and the state at the time of completion of the step. In the following explanation, "existing" means that it existed in the existing building 1.

[0067] The method for reusing foundation beams in this embodiment (hereinafter also referred to as "this method") first includes a step (S30) of cutting out columns from foundation beams 24. Figures 19 and 20 show explanatory diagrams of this step (S30). Figure 19 schematically shows a side view of existing building 1 including cutting positions CT50 and CT51 in columns 52 and 53, respectively. Figure 20 is a side view schematically showing the cut portion of column 52. In Figures 19 and 20 (as well as Figure 21, etc., described later), a right-handed coordinate system is associated with each diagram, and the Z direction corresponds to the up-down direction.

[0068] In this example, of the three columns 51 to 53, columns 52 and 53 are detached from the foundation beam 24. In the example shown in FIG. 19, three columns 51, 52, and 53 are connected to the foundation beam 24, and the entire column 51, a portion of column 52 (column base 521, described later), and the entire column 53 will be reused in the new building 2, described later. Note that if a furring strip is provided on column 53, the furring strip may be reused in another location in the new building 2. This is because, as described later, column 53 will be reused as a column for which existing furring strips are not required. Note that column 51, etc. may be reused together with the existing furring strips.

[0069] In this embodiment, the pillars 51 to 53 typically correspond to steel frames (for example, H-shaped steel) that form pillars in a steel frame structure, but may also be pillars in a reinforced concrete steel frame structure.

[0070] 20 shows a schematic enlarged view of the cut portion at the cutting position CT50. Note that while Fig. 20 shows the cut portion at the cutting position CT50, the cut portion at the cutting position CT51 may be similar. Note that in Fig. 20, reference numeral 524 indicates the base mortar between the top end of the beam and the bottom end of the column 52.

[0071] Hereinafter, for convenience, the column main bodies 520 and 530 refer to the upper portions of the columns 52 and 53 that are cut and removed at the cutting positions CT50 and CT51, respectively. The column bases 521 and 531 refer to the lower portions of the columns 52 and 53 that are cut at the cutting positions CT50 and CT51, respectively, and remain on the foundation beam 24 side.

[0072] In this embodiment, the cutting position CT50 is set above the floor level. That is, the cutting position CT50 is set above the lower part (column base 521) of the column 52 that is covered with the concrete 240 of the foundation beam 24. This enables reuse of the column base 521 (and / or reuse of the column main body 520) while substantially eliminating the possibility of damaging the anchor bolt 522 located below the floor level. That is, as a comparative example shown in FIG. 20A , when removing and reusing the nut 5221 of the anchor bolt 522, it is necessary to chip away the concrete 240 to expose the anchor bolt 522 (the boundary of the chipping-out area is schematically indicated by line L30 in FIG. 20A ). In this case, there is a possibility that the anchor bolt 522 of the column base 521 may be damaged during such chipping-out work. If the anchor bolt 522 is damaged, it becomes substantially impossible to reuse the column base 521. In contrast, according to this embodiment, only the column main body portion 520 of the column 52 that is above the foundation beam 24 is removed, so that the column base portion 521 (and / or the column main body portion 520) can be reused while substantially eliminating the possibility of damaging the anchor bolt 522.

[0073] Next, this method includes a dividing step (S31) of cutting (dividing) the foundation beams 24 of the existing building 1.

[0074] 21 and 22 show explanatory diagrams of this step (S31). Fig. 21 shows a schematic side view of the existing building 1 including cutting positions (two locations) CT10 and CT11 of the foundation beam 24. Fig. 22 is a side view showing the cut portion of the foundation beam 24.

[0075] The cutting positions are arbitrary as long as the portions of the foundation beams 24 separated by cutting can be reused in the new building 2, but are preferably positions away from the positions where the columns of the new building 2 (columns 51, 53A, and 54A described below) will be installed. In the example shown in FIG. 21 , the cutting positions CT10 and CT11 are preferably positions away from the positions of the existing columns 51 to 53. In this example, for example, there are two cutting positions for the foundation beams 24, one between the column 51 and the column base 521 and one between the column base 521 and the column base 531. Note that in FIG. 21 , the foundation beams 24 are cut along the YZ plane at each of the cutting positions CT10 and CT11.

[0076] FIG. 22 shows a schematic enlarged view of the cut portion at the cutting position CT10. The foundation beam 24 may be cut within a cutting range having a predetermined width w10 (the range between lines L31 and L32 in FIG. 22) centered on the cutting position CT10. In this case, the concrete within the cutting range having the predetermined width w10 is crushed and removed, but the reinforcing bars 15 are simply cut and remain intact. Therefore, the reinforcing bars 15 protrude from the concrete on the side of the cutting positions CT10 and CT11. The removed concrete may be used as crushed stone within the site of the new building 2.

[0077] Hereinafter, the portion of the foundation beam cut out from the foundation beam 24 in this manner will also be referred to as a divided foundation beam 25. In the following explanation, the case where the foundation beam is separated into three divided foundation beams 25 as shown in FIG. 21 will be mainly described. Furthermore, when distinguishing between these divided foundation beams 25, they will be referred to as divided foundation beams 251, 252, and 253. However, the number of divisions from one foundation beam 24 is not limited to three, and may be two, four, or more. Furthermore, it is not necessary for all of the divided foundation beams obtained by dividing one foundation beam 24 to be used as foundation beams in the new building 2, and some may be used for different purposes.

[0078] In this embodiment, the columns 52 and 53 are cut before the foundation beam 24 is divided (cut), but the reverse is also possible. In other words, the foundation beam 24 may be divided (cut) and then the columns 52 and 53 may be cut.

[0079] Next, this method includes a step (S32) of installing the divided foundation beams 25 in the foundation beam formation area for the new building 2, and installing the column main bodies 530, 540 on the divided foundation beams 25.

[0080] FIG. 23 is a side view that schematically shows the state in which the divided foundation beams 25 are arranged in the foundation beam formation area for the new building 2. In this example, as an example, the length (length in the X direction) of the foundation beam formation area in the new building 2 is set to be longer than the length of the original foundation beam 24. In other words, the length (length in the X direction) of the foundation beam formation area in the new building 2 is set to be significantly longer than the total length of the three divided foundation beams 251-253. Therefore, in this case, as shown in FIG. 23, spaces S1 and S2 remain between the three divided foundation beams 251-253.

[0081] FIG. 24 shows a schematic side view of a column 53A for the new building 2 after installation. In this example, the column 51 has been installed in the portion of the foundation beam 24 corresponding to the divided foundation beam 251 since the existing building 1, and is utilized as is. However, various adjustments, such as adjusting the height of the column 51, may be performed. The column 53A is formed by connecting a column main body 530 and a column base 521. The column main body 530 was installed as part of the column 53 in the existing building 1 at the portion of the foundation beam 24 corresponding to the divided foundation beam 253. However, in the new building 2, the column main body 530 is installed (moved) to the divided foundation beam 252. In this case, the beam 23 (see FIG. 19) that was located between the column 51 and the column 53 in the existing building 1 can be easily reused in the new building 2 (see FIG. 24). That is, the upper part of the column 53 was connected to the end of the beam 23 in the existing building 1 (see FIG. 19). Therefore, by joining the column main body 530, rather than the column main body 520, of the column 52 to the same end of the beam 23, it is possible to facilitate joining of the beam 23 and the column main body 530. However, in this case, various adjustment processes such as length adjustment may be performed on the beam 23.

[0082] In this embodiment, the column main body 530 is an upper portion cut out from the column 53, and is joined to the upper part of the column base 521 of the column 52. Figs. 25 and 25A each show different examples of the joining method of the column main body 530 and the column base 521. The joining method of the column main body 530 and the column base 521 is arbitrary. For example, as shown in Fig. 25, the column main body 530 and the column base 521 may be joined by welding (i.e., a welded joint) in a state where they are butted together at the top and bottom. In this case, welding may be applied to all four surfaces (flange surfaces and web surfaces) related to the four sides of the H-shaped cross section of the H-shaped steel (Fig. 25 shows welding symbols for two surfaces). Alternatively, as shown in Fig. 25A, the column main body 530 and the column base 521 may be joined by bolt joining using bolts BT8 and fixing plates BK8 in a state where they are butted together at the top and bottom. The fixing plates BK8 may be provided across the column main body 530 and the column base 521 on all four surfaces (flange surfaces and web surfaces) relating to the four sides of the H-shaped cross section of the H-shaped steel. Welded joints are suitable when the fit is complex, such as when the column base 521 is a column base to which a brace (see brace 58 described above) is attached. On the other hand, bolted joints are suitable when the fit is not complex. In a modified example, a combination of welded joints and bolted joints may be used.

[0083] It is desirable that the column main body 530 and the column base 521 have the same cross-sectional shape (for example, the same H-shaped steel), but they may have different cross-sectional shapes.

[0084] In this way, according to this embodiment, the new column 53A can be formed while the column base 521 remains connected to the divided foundation beam 252. This makes it possible to form the new column 53A by using the existing columns 52 and 53 without damaging the anchor bolts 522, as described above.

[0085] FIG. 26 schematically shows, in a side view, a state in which a column 54A for a new building 2 has been installed. In this example, the column main body 540 is cut out from the column 54 in the same manner as the column main body 530 from the column 53. That is, the column main body 540 is cut out from the column 54 that was installed on another foundation beam 24A (see FIG. 27) in the existing building 1. FIG. 27 schematically shows a relocation method. In the example shown in FIG. 27, the column main body 540, which is the portion of the column 54 above the cutting position CT53, is cut off from the foundation beam 24A together with the beam 23A (see arrow R71). The column 55 may be similarly cut off from the foundation beam 24A, and may also be cut off from the beam 23A. In the example shown in FIG. 27, the upper part of the column main body 540 is cut off (see cutting position CT20), and the inclination of the beam 23A is adjusted (see arrow R72). Note that such adjustment of the inclination depends on the design of the new building 2 and may be omitted as appropriate. In this example, the beam 23A is connected to the upper part of the column main body 530 as shown in FIG.

[0086] In this embodiment, the column main body 540 is transferred (used) to the divided foundation beam 253. At this time, the column main body 540 is joined to the upper part of the column base 531. This joining method may be as described above with reference to Figures 25 and 25A. This makes it possible to form a new column 54A by using the existing columns 53 and 54 without damaging the anchor bolts (see anchor bolts 522) as described above.

[0087] Next, this method includes a new foundation beam installation step (S33) of integrating the divided foundation beam 25 with a new foundation beam element to form one new foundation beam.

[0088] Figures 28 and 29 show explanatory diagrams of the foundation beam installation process (S33), where Figure 28 is a side view that schematically shows the manner in which the reinforcing bars are connected to each other, and Figure 29 is a side view that schematically shows the state after the foundation beam installation process is completed.

[0089] The new foundation beam installation step (S33) includes a step of installing elements for new foundation beams 24B (hereinafter also referred to as "new foundation beam elements 240B") between the divided foundation beams 251 to 253. As described above, spaces S1 and S2 are formed between the divided foundation beams 251 to 253. In this case, the spaces S1 and S2 are areas where the new foundation beam elements 240B are formed.

[0090] This step (S33) first includes a step of placing reinforcing bars 15A for new foundation beam elements in spaces S1 and S2. In this case, the reinforcing bars 15A for the new foundation beam elements are joined by welding to the reinforcing bars 15 at the ends of the divided foundation beams 25, as shown in Fig. 28. In this case, enclosed welding may be used.

[0091] Next, this step (S33) includes pouring concrete into the spaces S1 and S2. As a result, the divided foundation beams 251-253 and the new foundation beam element 240B are integrated to form a new foundation beam 24B, as shown in Fig. 29. In other words, the foundation beam element 240B is added to the spaces S1 and S2 as the new foundation beam 24B.

[0092] In this way, according to this embodiment, the foundation beams 24 of the existing building 1 can be used to form the foundation beams 24B for the new building 2. In other words, the foundation beams 24 of the existing building 1 can be reused.

[0093] Furthermore, according to this embodiment, a new foundation beam element 240B is formed between the divided foundation beams 251 to 253, which makes it possible to efficiently reuse the columns (columns 51, 53, etc.) of the existing building 1. For example, the column 51 is reused while connected to the divided foundation beam 251, which eliminates the need to separate or relocate it, enabling efficient reuse.

[0094] Furthermore, according to this embodiment, as described above, the cutting positions CT10 and CT11 for the divided foundation beams 251-253 are positions (middle positions) between the columns of the existing building 1. As a result, when reusing the columns (columns 51, 53, etc.) of the existing building 1, the new foundation beam element 240B can be formed between the columns 51, 53A, and 54A of the new building 2. In this case, the connection positions between the new foundation beam element 240B and the divided foundation beams 251-253 can be positioned relatively far from the columns 51, 53A, and 54A of the new building 2. As a result, the strength required in the foundation beam 24B near the columns 51, 53A, and 54A of the new building 2 is ensured, and the reliability of the foundation beam 24B can be improved.

[0095] In the above-described embodiment, the columns installed on the divided foundation beams 251 to 253 are columns of the existing building 1, but this is not limited to this. For example, some of the columns installed on the divided foundation beams 251 to 253 may be newly installed.

[0096] In addition, in the above-described embodiment, the new foundation beam element 240B is formed between the divided foundation beams 251 to 253, but this is not limited to this. For example, the new foundation beam element 240B may be formed on the opposite side of the divided foundation beam 251 (the opposite side to the side of the divided foundation beam 252).

[0097] In the above-described embodiment, the column bases 521, 531 that are reused together with part of the foundation beam 24 (divided foundation beams 252, 253) are joined to the column main bodies 530, 540 that are part of the columns 53, 54 of the existing building 1, but this is not limitative. For example, a newly constructed column main body may be joined to the column bases 521, 531.

[0098] [Another example of how to reuse foundation beams] Another preferred example of a method for reusing foundation beams will be described with reference to FIGS.

[0099] 30 and 31 are explanatory diagrams of another preferred example of a method for reusing foundation beams, and Fig. 30 is a plan view showing the structure of the first floor of a new building 2. Fig. 31 is a cross-sectional view taken along line EE in Fig. 30.

[0100] In FIG. 30 , the hatched area 290 represents the area where new foundation beams will be placed. In the illustrated example, the foundation beams 24 of the existing building 1 are reused in the area surrounded by the new foundation beams (see area 291 in FIG. 30 ), along with the foundation 27 and column forms 28 of the existing building 1. Hereinafter, the area surrounded by the new foundation beams will be referred to as the "foundation beam utilization area 291." In this case, as shown in FIG. 31 , the foundation beams of the existing building 1 may support the floor materials 44 in the foundation beam utilization area 291 to prevent the floor materials 44 from subsiding. The foundation beams of the existing building 1 may be processed, such as by removing unnecessary portions or adding more concrete, so that the floor materials 44 can be properly supported. Note that the floor materials 44 in the foundation beam utilization area 291 may also be supported by the sub-joists 29 of the existing building 1. This allows the floor materials 44 to be stably supported even if the scope of the foundation beam utilization area 291 is expanded.

[0101] [Other ways to reuse materials] Next, we will explain how to reuse other components. Figures 32 to 34 are explanatory diagrams of how to reuse other components. In Figures 32 to 34, the left side shows the corresponding component in the state in which it was used in existing building 1, and the right side shows the same component in the state in which it is reused in new building 2.

[0102] In order to increase the proportion of components that will be reused in the new building 2 out of all the components that make up the existing building 1, as shown in FIG. 32, a steel staircase 90 of the existing building 1 may be relocated to the new building 2 and reused. Also, as shown in FIG. 33, a folded-plate roof 91 of the existing building 1 may be diverted as a temporary exterior wall when constructing the new building 2. In this case, only a portion of the folded-plate roof 91 may be removed and reused (see arrow R32 in FIG. 33). Also, as shown in FIG. 34, a vertical smoke barrier wall 92 of the existing building 1 may be reused as an external deck railing 92A of the new building 2. Although not shown in the drawings, the piles of the existing building 1 may be reused as piles, as parts of piles, or as components for other functions (for example, strengthening the ground). Furthermore, the iron components of the existing building 1 may be melted down and used as resources for the new building 2, for example.

[0103] Although each embodiment has been described in detail above, it is not limited to the specific embodiment, and various modifications and changes are possible within the scope of the claims. It is also possible to combine all or a plurality of components of the above-described embodiments.

[0104] The following additional notes are provided regarding the above-described embodiments.

[0105] [Appendix 1] A first preparation step of removing at least some components from a first existing building; A second preparation process of extracting at least some components from a second existing building different from the first existing building; a construction step of forming a new building by reusing the components removed from the first existing building and the second existing building.

[0106] [Appendix 2] The components taken out from the first existing building and the second existing building, respectively, A composite deck slab formed by integrating a deck plate with concrete; Floor slab, Pillars, and 10. The construction method of claim 1, including at least one of: a beam;

[0107] [Appendix 3] 3. The construction method of claim 2, wherein the components removed from the first existing building and the second existing building respectively include components of the same type.

[0108] [Appendix 4] A construction method as described in Appendix 2 or 3, wherein the proportion of materials reused in the new building out of all materials constituting the first existing building and all materials constituting the second existing building is 50% or more by weight.

[0109] [Appendix 5] a preparation step of removing at least some components from an existing building; A construction process in which the extracted components are reused to form a new building, The removed member is A composite deck slab formed by integrating a deck plate with concrete; Floor slab, Pillars, and A construction method that includes at least any two of the beams.

[0110] [Appendix 6] a first component removed from a first existing building; and a second member taken from a second existing building different from the first existing building. [Explanation of symbols]

[0111] 1. Existing buildings 2 New buildings 7. Deck composite slab (removed from existing building) 10, 10A Deck Composite Slab 11 Concrete 12, 12A deck plate 121 Convex portion 122 Groove 14 Reinforced concrete 20, 20A, 21, 22, 23, 23A beam 24, 24B, 24C foundation beam 30 plates 40 Floor slab 41, 41A, 41B, 41C Floor slab pieces 51, 52, 53, 53A, 54, 54A, 55 columns 520, 530, 540 Pillar body 521, 531 Column base 58 Brace 70 space 80, 81 angles 82 L-shaped cross-section plate

Claims

1. A process of extracting multiple types of components from an existing building; and a step of reusing the plurality of types of components removed from the existing building in different ways for each type to form a new building.

2. The construction method according to claim 1 , wherein the plurality of types of components are taken from a plurality of existing buildings.

3. The construction method according to claim 2 , wherein the components removed from each of the plurality of existing buildings include components of the same type.

4. 4. The construction method according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the proportion of components to be reused in the new building out of all components constituting the plurality of existing buildings is 50% or more on a volume or weight basis.

5. The plurality of types of members include: A composite deck slab formed by integrating a deck plate with concrete; Floor slab, Pillars, and The construction method according to claim 1, wherein the construction method includes at least two types of members selected from the group consisting of beams.

6. A building in which multiple types of materials taken from existing buildings are reused in different ways, each type being reused in a different way.

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