Training device and training system

Abstract

To provide a training device and a training system capable of clearly imaging an organ model and a medical instrument inserted therein.SOLUTION: A training device 60 comprises: a container 11 that accommodates liquid; an organ model 1 that is disposed in the container 11, has therein a lumen corresponding to the shape of a body lumen, allows liquid to be introduced into the lumen, and has an opening 6 that communicates the lumen with the outside of the organ model 1; a light source 42 that is disposed outside the container 11 for irradiating light onto the organ model 1; and a light receiving part 46 that is disposed outside the container 11.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to devices and systems that allow surgical training, particularly endoscopic surgical training. [Background technology]

[0002] Training devices with models simulating internal organs are used to acquire skills and improve proficiency in operating medical instruments. In clinical settings, medical instruments are inserted into the body while checking two-dimensional X-ray fluoroscopic images, so training is sometimes conducted while viewing images similar to X-ray fluoroscopic images. In this way, training systems have been developed that include a training device and a device for capturing images of the insertion of medical instruments into the training device in order to make training more similar to clinical conditions and objectively evaluate the level of proficiency in procedures.

[0003] For example, Patent Document 1 describes a catheter surgery simulator that generates fluoroscopic images using a translucent three-dimensional model into which a catheter can be inserted, in which at least the surrounding area of a cavity that reproduces a body cavity is made of an elastic material, and that is characterized by comprising the three-dimensional model, a translucent liquid having a refractive index similar to that of the three-dimensional model, a container for holding the translucent liquid, and an imaging device for observing the three-dimensional model, and that is capable of taking fluoroscopic images of a catheter inserted into the three-dimensional model.

[0004] Patent document 2 describes a catheter examination simulation system that includes an organ model that simulates an organ and into which a catheter can be inserted, a catheter position determination means that determines the position of the catheter inserted into the organ model, a simulated data generation means that generates simulated bioinformation data corresponding to the position of the catheter determined by the catheter position determination means, and a display unit that displays the bioinformation data.

[0005] Patent document 3 describes a catheter simulator having a container capable of holding a liquid in a storage section surrounded by side walls and a bottom, a digestive system organ model held in the container with the liquid contained therein, a holding protrusion provided on the container for holding the organ model and having an insertion passage for guiding a catheter into the held organ model, a connecting section provided on the organ model that is detachably connectable to the holding protrusion and through which a catheter can be inserted, and a catheter introduction section that is integrated with the holding protrusion and protrudes outside the side wall to allow the catheter to be introduced. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0006] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2008-70847 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2005-241883 [Patent Document 3] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2023-42214 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0007] With the simulators described in Patent Documents 1 to 3, it was sometimes difficult to clearly photograph the organ model and the medical instrument inserted therein.

[0008] In view of the above circumstances, an object of the present invention is to provide a training device and a training system that can clearly photograph an organ model and a medical instrument inserted therein. [Means for solving the problem]

[0009] A training device according to an embodiment of the present invention that can solve the above problems is as follows. [1] A container for containing a liquid; A training device comprising: an organ model that is placed within the container, has a lumen inside that corresponds to the shape of a lumen in the body, and can have liquid poured into the lumen, the organ model having an opening that connects the lumen to the outside of the organ model; a light source that is placed outside the container and irradiates light onto the organ model; and a light receiving unit that is placed outside the container.

[0010] The training device according to the embodiment of the present invention is preferably one of the following [2] to

[13] . [2] The training device described in [1] further has an extension portion attached to the organ model and extending outside the container, the extension portion having a lumen therein, and the lumen of the organ model and the lumen of the extension portion communicating with each other. [3] A training device as described in [1] or [2], which has a light-shielding wall arranged outside the container to block light from outside. [4] The training device described in [3], wherein the light source and the light receiving unit are arranged between the light-shielding wall and the container. [5] The training device according to any one of [1] to [4], wherein the container is disposed between the light source and the light receiving unit in a horizontal direction perpendicular to the vertical direction. [6] The training device according to any one of [1] to [5], wherein the light receiving unit is movable relative to the organ model. [7] The training device according to any one of [1] to [6], wherein, in a planar view of the organ model, the light receiving unit moves on the circumference of a virtual circle centered on the centroid of the organ model. [8] A training device described in any one of [1] to [7], wherein in the vertical direction, the light receiving unit is positioned below the upper end of the organ model and above the lower end of the organ model, and the light source is positioned from above the upper end of the organ model to below the lower end of the organ model. [9] A training device described in any one of [1] to [8], wherein the light receiving unit includes a first light receiving unit and a second light receiving unit, and in a planar view of the organ model, the first light receiving unit and the second light receiving unit are arranged at different positions around the organ model.

[10] The training device according to any one of [1] to [9], wherein the organ model has an inner surface that defines the lumen, and a surfactant is present on the inner surface.

[11] A training device described in any one of [1] to

[10] , wherein the container has a bottom and a side wall connected to the bottom and extending vertically upward, the organ model is placed in the container in contact with the bottom, and the bottom has a reflective surface with a reflectivity of 70% or more.

[12] A training device as described in

[11] , wherein a mirror is disposed on the bottom, and the surface of the mirror is the reflective surface.

[13] The training device according to any one of [1] to

[12] , wherein the material constituting the organ model has a transparency that allows transmission of 50% or more of light having a wavelength of 410 nm or more and 830 nm or less.

[0011] Furthermore, a training system according to an embodiment of the present invention that can solve the above problems is as follows.

[14] A container for containing a liquid; an organ model disposed in the container, the organ model having a lumen therein corresponding to the shape of a lumen in the body, the organ model having an opening that connects the lumen to the outside of the organ model; a light source disposed outside the container and irradiating the organ model with light; a training device having a light receiving unit disposed outside the container; A training system having a processing unit connected to the training device and processing images acquired by the light receiving unit. [Effects of the Invention]

[0012] Since the above-mentioned training device and training system have a light receiving unit and a light source that irradiates light onto the organ model, it is possible to appropriately set the amount of light irradiated onto the organ model, and to clearly photograph the organ model and the medical instruments inserted into it. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0013] [Figure 1] 1 is a perspective view of an exercise device according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a front view (partial cross-sectional view) of the container and organ model of the training device shown in FIG. 1. [Figure 3] FIG. 2 is a side view (partial cross-sectional view) of the container and organ model of the training device shown in FIG. 1. [Figure 4] FIG. 2 is a plan view of the container and organ model of the training device shown in FIG. 1. [Figure 5] FIG. 2 is a front view showing a modified example of the lumen shape of the organ model shown in FIG. [Figure 6] FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a modification of the training apparatus shown in FIG. [Figure 7] 7 is a schematic diagram showing a connection portion between the container and organ model and the extension portion of the training device shown in FIG. 6. FIG. [Figure 8] 1. FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing another modified example of the training apparatus shown in FIG. [Figure 9] 1. FIG. 4 is a side view (partial cross-sectional view) showing a modified example of the arrangement of the light receiving unit of the training apparatus shown in FIG. [Figure 10] 1. FIG. 4 is a plan view showing yet another modified example of the training apparatus shown in FIG. [Figure 11] FIG. 2 shows a modified example of the organ model shown in FIG. 1, and is an end view of a cross section of the organ model perpendicular to the axial direction of the lumen. [Figure 12] 3 is a side view (partial cross-sectional view) showing a modification of the training apparatus shown in FIG. 2. FIG. [Figure 13] 13 is a side view (partial cross-sectional view) showing a modification of the training apparatus shown in FIG. [Figure 14] 1 is a schematic diagram of a training system according to an embodiment of the present invention; DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0014] The present invention will be described below based on the embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments, and can be implemented with appropriate modifications within the scope of the above and below-described purposes, and all such modifications are included within the technical scope of the present invention. In addition, hatching and component symbols may be omitted in each drawing for convenience. In such cases, reference should be made to the specification or other drawings. The dimensions of various components in the drawings may differ from actual dimensions, as priority is given to helping understand the features of the present invention.

[0015] A training device according to an embodiment of the present invention has a container for storing a liquid, an organ model disposed within the container and having a lumen therein that corresponds to the shape of a body lumen and into which the liquid can be poured, the organ model having an opening that connects the lumen to the outside of the organ model, a light source disposed outside the container for irradiating light onto the organ model, and a light receiving unit disposed outside the container.

[0016] Furthermore, a training system according to an embodiment of the present invention has a container for storing a liquid, an organ model disposed within the container and having a lumen therein that corresponds to the shape of a body lumen and into which the liquid can be poured, the organ model having an opening that connects the lumen to the outside of the organ model, a training device having a light source disposed outside the container for irradiating light onto the organ model, and a light receiving unit disposed outside the container, and a processing unit connected to the training device for processing images acquired by the light receiving unit.

[0017] Since the above-mentioned training device and training system have a light receiving unit and a light source that irradiates light onto the organ model, it is possible to appropriately set the amount of light irradiated onto the organ model, and to clearly photograph the organ model and the medical instruments inserted into it.

[0018] 1 to 14, a training device and a training system according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a training device according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a front view (partially cross-sectional view) of the container and organ model of the training device shown in FIG. 1. FIG. 3 is a side view (partially cross-sectional view) of the container and organ model of the training device shown in FIG. 1. FIG. 4 is a plan view of the container and organ model of the training device shown in FIG. 1. FIG. 5 is a front view showing a modified example of the luminal shape of the organ model shown in FIG. 1. FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a modified example of the training device shown in FIG. 1. FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing the connection between the container and organ model of the training device shown in FIG. 6 and the extension part. FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing another modified example of the training device shown in FIG. 1. FIG. 9 is a side view (partially cross-sectional view) showing a modified example of the arrangement of the light receiving unit of the training device shown in FIG. 1. FIG. 10 is a plan view showing yet another modified example of the training device shown in FIG. 1. FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of a cross section perpendicular to the axial direction of the lumen of the organ model, showing a modified example of the organ model shown in FIG. 1. FIG. 12 is a side view (partially cross-sectional view) showing a modified example of the training device shown in FIG. 2. FIG. 13 is a side view (partial cross-sectional view) showing a modified example of the training device shown in FIG. 12. FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of a training system according to an embodiment of the present invention. Note that the structure of the container is shown in a simplified form in FIGS. 2 to 4, 9, 10, and 12 to 14. As shown in FIG. 1, the training device 60 has a container 11, an organ model 1, a light source 42, and a light-receiving unit 46. Also, as shown in FIG. 14, the training system 100 has a training device 60 having the container 11, the organ model 1, the light source 42, and the light-receiving unit 46, and a processing unit 55.

[0019] As shown in Figures 2 and 3, in this specification, the training device 60 preferably has a vertical direction y and a horizontal direction x that is perpendicular to the vertical direction y. An upper side and a lower side are defined with respect to the vertical direction y. In this specification, a medical instrument that is preferably inserted into the training device 60 has a longitudinal axis direction and a distal end and a proximal end along the longitudinal axis direction. The direction toward the user's hand along the longitudinal axis direction is referred to as the proximal side, and the side opposite the proximal side, i.e., the direction toward the treatment target, is referred to as the distal side. The longitudinal axis direction can also be referred to as the near-to-far direction or the extension direction of the medical instrument. The radial direction refers to the radial direction of the medical instrument, and inward in the radial direction refers to the direction toward the longitudinal axis of the medical instrument, and outward in the radial direction refers to the direction extending radially from the longitudinal axis opposite the inward side.

[0020] As shown in Figure 2, a container 11 contains a liquid 25. An organ model 1 is placed inside the container 11 and has a lumen 5 therein that corresponds to the shape of a lumen in the body, and the lumen 5 can be filled with a liquid 25. The organ model 1 has an opening 6 that connects the lumen 5 to the outside of the organ model 1. As shown in Figure 1, a training device 60 has a light source 42 that is placed outside the container 11 and irradiates the organ model 1 with light, and a light-receiving unit 46 that is also placed outside the container 11. Because the training device 60 has the light source 42 and the light-receiving unit 46, it is possible to appropriately set the amount of light irradiated onto the organ model 1 by the light source 42, and the light-receiving unit 46 can clearly photograph the organ model 1 and the medical instruments inserted therein.

[0021] The light source 42 is not particularly limited in type as long as it generates light, and may be a point light source, a linear light source, or a surface light source. In particular, the light source 42 is preferably a sheet-like or plate-like surface light source. This makes it easier to arrange the light source 42 over a wide area so that a shadow is not cast on the organ model 1 when the organ model 1 is photographed by the light-receiving unit 46. The light source 42 may be an inorganic EL sheet or an organic EL sheet.

[0022] The type of lamp of the light source 42 is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include an LED lamp and a laser lamp.

[0023] The light-receiving unit 46 may have any structure as long as it has a light-receiving surface. The training device 60 may have one or more cameras 45, and the cameras 45 may have the light-receiving unit 46. The camera 45 also preferably has a lens 49 for collecting light reflected by the organ model 1 or a medical instrument inserted into the lumen 5 when light is irradiated from the light source 42, and forming an image on the light-receiving surface of the light-receiving unit 46. The light-receiving unit 46 converts the light formed on the light-receiving surface into an electrical signal, allowing the medical instrument inserted into the lumen 5 of the organ model 1 to be observed as an image. The light-receiving unit 46 may include a light-receiving sensor such as an image sensor. The image sensor may be a CMOS sensor or a CCD sensor.

[0024] The lumen 5 of the organ model 1 corresponds to the shape of an internal lumen, i.e., a lumen of an actual organ. Specifically, the lumen 5 is a three-dimensional simulation of the shape of a lumen of an organ in a human or animal body. The type of lumen 5 simulated by the organ model 1 is not limited, and may be, for example, a digestive system lumen such as a bile duct or pancreatic duct, a circulatory system lumen such as intracardiac blood vessels, or other types of organs. The training device 60 according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described using an example in which the organ model 1 simulates a bile duct. In this specification, the lumen 5 simulates the shape of a bile duct. Therefore, by inserting a medical instrument into the lumen 5 of the organ model 1 through the opening 6, it is possible to simulate the operation of the medical instrument within the bile duct. The external shape of the organ model 1 does not need to simulate the external shape of the organ. For example, in an organ model 1 having an internal lumen 5 corresponding to the shape of a bile duct, the external shape of the organ model 1 does not need to match the external shape of a gallbladder.

[0025] The organ model 1 preferably has a mass-shaped main body 2. The main body 2 preferably has an outer surface 3 that defines the mass shape, and an inner surface 4 that defines a lumen 5 inside the main body 2.

[0026] The main body 2 of the organ model 1 may be in the shape of a cylinder, an elliptical cylinder, a polygonal prism, a polygonal prism with rounded corners, or a truncated cone.

[0027] 2 and 3, the main body 2 preferably has a top surface 2A, a bottom surface 2B, and one or more side surfaces 2C, and more preferably has one top surface 2A, one bottom surface 2B, and one side surface 2C. Furthermore, it is preferable that the top surface 2A of the main body 2 has an opening 6 that connects the lumen 5 with the outside of the organ model 1.

[0028] The top surface 2A of the main body 2 may be along a horizontal plane, and the bottom surface 2B of the main body 2 is preferably along a horizontal plane.

[0029] As shown in Figure 4, it is preferable that the main body 2 has a rounded shape in plan view. It is preferable that the side surface 2C of the main body 2 is composed only of curved surfaces. This makes it difficult to provide edges on the outer surface 3 of the side surface 2C of the main body 2, making it easier to ensure a clear field of view when observing the organ model 1 from the outside. A rounded shape in plan view is, for example, a shape with no corners on the outer periphery of the main body 2 in plan view. Examples of shapes that are rounded in plan view include a circle, an ellipse, and a polygon with rounded corners such as a rounded square or a rounded rectangle.

[0030] 2 and 3, the organ model 1 is placed so as to be immersed in a liquid 25 contained in a container 11. In other words, the liquid 25 is present around the organ model 1.

[0031] The lumen 5 is filled with the same liquid 25 as the liquid 25 contained in the container 11. By filling the lumen 5 and the area around the organ model 1 with the liquid 25, it is possible to adjust the refractive index of the liquid 25 in the container 11 and the constituent materials of the organ model 1 and the container 11. By adjusting the refractive index, it is possible to make the outline of the main body 2 invisible, making it easier to observe the behavior of the medical instrument in the lumen 5. Furthermore, by filling the lumen 5 with the liquid 25, it is possible to impart slipperiness to the inner surface 4 of the lumen 5, thereby allowing the medical instrument to pass through the lumen 5 smoothly.

[0032] 2 and 3, it is preferable that the liquid 25 is contained in the container 11 up to above the upper end in the vertical direction y of the organ model 1. By making the refractive index values of the adjacent materials in the liquid 25, the organ model 1, and the container 11 similar, it is possible to make the outline of the main body 2 of the organ model 1 invisible, making it easier to observe the behavior of the medical instrument in the lumen 5.

[0033] As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the container 11 preferably has a bottom 12 and a sidewall 13 connected to the bottom 12 and extending upward in the vertical direction y. In Figure 4, the bottom 12 of the container 11 has a rectangular shape in plan view, with sidewalls 13 arranged on each side of the rectangle. While Figure 4 shows an embodiment in which the upper side of the container 11 in the vertical direction y is open, the container 11 may also have a bottom, sidewalls, and an upper part. In this case, an opening that connects the inside and outside of the container 11 may be arranged in the upper part of the container 11. The opening of the container 11 is preferably arranged at a position corresponding to the opening 6 of the organ model 1. By opening the upper side of the container 11 in the vertical direction y, it becomes easier to insert a medical instrument into the opening 6 of the organ model 1 housed in the container 11.

[0034] 2 and 3, the organ model 1 is preferably placed in the container 11 in a state where it is in contact with the bottom 12 of the container 11. This prevents the height of the container 11 containing the organ model 1 from becoming too large.

[0035] The organ model 1 may be fixed to the bottom 12 of the container 11. This fixes the position of the organ model 1 within the container 11, allowing for stable insertion of medical instruments into the organ model 1. Methods for fixing the organ model 1 to the container 11 include welding the organ model 1 to the container 11, bonding with an adhesive, fastening with screws, clamps, bolts, nuts, etc., engaging, mating, and magnetic force, as well as methods such as pressing down the organ model 1 from above with another member or pressing down the container 11 with the organ model 1's own weight.

[0036] The lumen 5 preferably communicates with the outside of the organ model 1. This makes it easier for the liquid 25 contained in the container 11 to flow into the lumen 5.

[0037] The lumen 5 may have an axial direction. The axial direction of the lumen 5 can also be described as the direction in which the lumen 5 extends. It is preferable that a medical device is inserted along the axial direction of the lumen 5. The axial direction of the lumen 5 may be along the vertical direction y or along the horizontal direction x. Furthermore, the axial direction of the lumen 5 may extend so as to approach the outer surface 3 as it moves from the upper side to the lower side in the vertical direction y.

[0038] The shape, length and diameter of the lumen 5 can be set according to the shape of the lumen 5 of the organ to be simulated. For example, the lumen 5 may be branched midway as shown in Figures 2 to 3 and 5.

[0039] The opening 6 of the organ model 1 is for inserting and removing medical instruments. The opening 6 preferably faces upward in the vertical direction y. Having the opening 6 facing upward in the vertical direction y prevents liquid leakage from the container 11. Furthermore, having the opening 6 facing upward in the vertical direction y allows air bubbles contained in the liquid 25 in the container 11 to easily escape through the opening 6, thereby preventing a decrease in visibility due to air bubbles when photographing the organ model 1. Furthermore, because the lumen 5 of the organ model 1 corresponds to the shape of a lumen in the body and the opening 6 faces upward in the vertical direction y, the training device 60 including the organ model 1 can be easily configured compactly. Therefore, a practical, portable training device 60 and training system 100 can be provided that prevents liquid leakage while providing good visibility when photographing the organ model 1.

[0040] The organ model 1 may have a plurality of openings 6 facing upward in the vertical direction y, but it is preferable that the organ model 1 has only one opening.

[0041] The position where the opening 6 of the organ model 1 is provided is not particularly limited, as long as the normal vector of the surface where the opening 6 of the organ model 1 is provided contains a component facing upward in the vertical direction y. When the main body 2 has a top surface 2A, a bottom surface 2B, and one or more side surfaces 2C, the opening 6 may be located on the top surface 2A or on the side surface 2C. In particular, it is preferable that the opening 6 be located on the top surface 2A of the organ model 1.

[0042] The organ model 1 may have one or more side holes 7 in addition to the opening 6. As shown in Figures 1 to 4, the organ model 1 has a top surface 2A, a bottom surface 2B, and a side surface 2C, and it is preferable that the side surface 2C has one or more side holes 7. This makes it easier for liquid 25 to pass through the side hole 7 into the lumen 5. When the organ model 1 is viewed from the outside, it is preferable that the opening area of the side hole 7 is smaller than the opening area of the opening 6.

[0043] The hardness of the main body 2, as measured with a durometer type E, is preferably 5 or more. Having such flexibility in the main body 2 allows the hardness to be closer to that of an actual organ, allowing training that is in line with actual procedures. The hardness of the main body 2, as measured with a durometer type E, can be selected within the range of 5 to 60 inclusive depending on the organ to be prepared. For example, in the case of a bile duct, the hardness may be 6 or more, 7 or more, or 30 or less, 20 or less is also acceptable.

[0044] It is preferable that the organ model 1, particularly the main body 2, be made of a translucent material. The material constituting the organ model 1, particularly the main body 2, preferably has a transparency that allows it to transmit at least 50% of light with a wavelength of 410 nm or more and 830 nm or less. When the material constituting the organ model 1 has such high transparency, the shape of the lumen 5 within the organ model 1 becomes more prominent, making it possible to obtain images suitable for training. The transparency (unit: %) of the material constituting the organ model 1 can be determined by measuring how much light, relative to the light emitted from the light source 42, passes through the organ model 1.

[0045] The material constituting the organ model 1, particularly the main body 2, preferably transmits 60% or more of light with a wavelength of 410 nm or more and 830 nm or less, more preferably 70% or more, and even more preferably 80% or more. Alternatively, the material constituting the organ model 1 may transmit 100% or less, 98% or less, or 95% or less of light with a wavelength of 410 nm or more and 830 nm or less.

[0046] Materials constituting the organ model 1, particularly the main body 2, include thermosetting resins such as polyurethane resin, silicone resin, epoxy resin, phenolic resin, and urea resin; thermoplastic resins such as polymethyl methacrylate; elastomers such as silicone elastomer and polyurethane elastomer; and gels such as silicone hydrogel, gelatin, and agar. Among these, the main body 2 of the organ model 1 is preferably made of a material containing polyurethane resin. Constituting the main body 2 of the organ model 1 from a material containing polyurethane resin can impart appropriate flexibility and refractive index to the organ model 1. This makes it easier to insert medical instruments into the lumen 5 of the organ model 1 and to observe the organ model 1 from the outside.

[0047] The organ model can be produced by the following procedure. A core corresponding to the lumen 5 is produced and placed in a production container. The material that will form the main body 2 of the organ model 1 is poured into the production container, hardened, and then the core is removed to produce the organ model 1. For example, a core having a three-dimensional shape as shown in Figure 5 can be used.

[0048] The container 11 is preferably made of a light-transmitting material to facilitate observation of the organ model 1 placed in the container 11. Examples of materials that can be used to make the container 11 include glass and acrylic resin.

[0049] The type of liquid 25 placed in the container 11 and the lumen 5 is not particularly limited, but examples thereof include water, physiological saline, a mixed solution containing water and glycerin, and a mixed solution of α-monobromonaphthalene and liquid paraffin. A surfactant may be mixed into the liquid 25. The liquid 25 placed in the container 11 and the lumen 5 may be a colored liquid that simulates blood or a contrast agent.

[0050] It is preferable that liquid 25 has a viscosity within a predetermined range in order to prevent leakage to the outside of container 11 during the simulated operation. For example, the viscosity of liquid 25 at 25°C is preferably 1.0 mPa·s or more, more preferably 1.5 mPa·s or more, and even more preferably 2.0 mPa·s or more, and is preferably 5.0 mPa·s or less, more preferably 4.5 mPa·s or less, and even more preferably 4.0 mPa·s or less.

[0051] It is preferable that the liquid 25 has a transparency that allows it to transmit at least 50% of light having a wavelength of 410 nm or more and 830 nm or less. When the liquid 25 has such high transparency, the shape of the lumen 5 inside the organ model 1 becomes more prominent, making it easier to observe the organ model 1. The optical transparency (unit: %) of the liquid 25 can be determined by measuring how much light is transmitted relative to the light emitted from the light source 42.

[0052] Liquid 25 preferably transmits 60% or more of light having a wavelength of 410 nm or more and 830 nm or less, more preferably 70% or more, and even more preferably 80% or more of light having a wavelength of 410 nm or more and 830 nm or less. Liquid 25 may also transmit 100% or less, 98% or less, or 95% or less of light having a wavelength of 410 nm or more and 830 nm or less.

[0053] As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the training device 60 may further include an extension portion 20 attached to the organ model 1 and extending out of the container 11. In this case, the extension portion 20 preferably has a lumen 21 therein, and the lumen 5 of the organ model 1 and the lumen 21 of the extension portion 20 are preferably connected to each other. The extension portion 20 can be used to simulate a different lumen from the lumen 5 of the organ model 1. For example, if the lumen 5 of the organ model 1 simulates a bile duct, the lumen 21 of the extension portion 20 preferably simulates a route from the mouth to the duodenum. Providing the extension portion 20 in this manner facilitates the reproduction of a clinical condition, thereby facilitating training that is in line with actual procedures. The training device 60 shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 allows participants to experience the operation of inserting a catheter into the bile duct from the forceps port channel of an endoscope via the Vater papilla.

[0054] It is preferable that the lumen 21 of the extension portion 20 is a three-dimensional simulation of the shape of a lumen of an organ in a human or animal body. The shape, length, and diameter of the lumen 21 can be set according to the shape of the lumen of the organ to be simulated. The lumen 21 may be branched along the way. As shown in FIG. 7, it is preferable that the extension portion 20 is a long member. The extension portion 20 may be tubular.

[0055] The lumen 21 of the extension portion 20 may have an axial direction. It is preferable that a medical instrument is inserted along the axial direction of the lumen 21. The lumen 21 of the extension portion 20 may be along the vertical direction y or the horizontal direction x.

[0056] As can be seen from FIGS. 6 and 7 , the lumen 21 of the extension portion 20 preferably has a first end 21A and a second end 21B in the axial direction of the lumen 21. A first end opening 22 is preferably arranged on the side of the first end 21A of the lumen 21 of the extension portion 20, and a second end opening 23 is preferably arranged on the side of the second end 21B of the lumen 21 of the extension portion 20. The first end opening 22 is preferably arranged to face the opening 6 of the lumen 5 of the organ model 1. The second end opening 23 preferably communicates with the outside of the training device 60. A medical instrument is preferably inserted from the second end opening 23, and then inserted into the lumen 5 of the organ model 1 through the first end opening 22 and the opening 6 of the organ model 1. The first end opening 22 may be disposed at the position of the first end 21A in the axial direction of the lumen 21, or may be disposed at a position closer to the second end 21B than the first end 21A in the axial direction of the lumen 21, as shown in Fig. 7. Furthermore, when the extension portion 20 is tubular as shown in Fig. 7, the first end opening 22 may be disposed on the side of the extension portion 20, i.e., on the tube wall.

[0057] It is preferable that the organ model 1 and the extension part 20 are connected directly or indirectly via another member so that the first end opening 22 of the extension part 20 communicates with the opening 6 of the lumen 5 of the organ model 1. Although an example in which the organ model 1 and the extension part 20 are connected to each other by a tubular connecting member 30 is shown in Figures 6 and 7, the structure of the connecting member 30 is not particularly limited.

[0058] In the extending portion 20, it is preferable that the normal vector of the surface on which the first end opening 22 is provided contains a component that faces downward in the vertical direction y, and it is more preferable that the normal vector faces downward in the vertical direction y. It is preferable that the normal vector of the surface on which the second end opening 23 is provided contains a component that faces in the horizontal direction x, and it is more preferable that the normal vector faces in the horizontal direction x.

[0059] It is preferable that a part of the extension part 20 is arranged above the organ model 1 in the vertical direction y. A part of the extension part 20 may be arranged so as to be located directly above the organ model 1. It is preferable that the remaining part of the extension part 20 is arranged outside the organ model 1 in a plan view of the training device 60. The extension part 20 may have a part in which the axial direction of the lumen 21 is parallel to the horizontal plane, or the axial direction of the lumen 21 may be inclined with respect to the horizontal plane.

[0060] The extension portion 20 may have a first portion in which the lumen 21 of the extension portion 20 extends from the first end 21A toward the second end 22B from the top to the bottom in the vertical direction y of the organ model 1, and a second portion located closer to the second end 22B than the first portion, in which the lumen 21 of the extension portion 20 extends along a horizontal plane.

[0061] When using the training device 60, it is preferable that an endoscope be inserted into the extension portion 20. To reproduce a condition close to that observed in clinical practice, it is preferable that the extension portion 20 be deformed by adjusting the angle or pushing of the endoscope. For this reason, the minimum thickness of the tube wall of the extension portion 20 is preferably 8.0 mm or less, more preferably 7.0 mm or less and even more preferably 6.0 mm or less, and preferably 2.0 mm or more, more preferably 3.0 mm or more, and even more preferably 4.0 mm or more.

[0062] Examples of materials that can be used to construct the extension portion 20 include thermosetting resins such as silicone resin, polyurethane resin, epoxy resin, phenolic resin, and urea resin; thermoplastic resins such as polymethyl methacrylate; and elastomers such as silicone elastomers and polyurethane elastomers. Among these, it is preferable that the extension portion 20 be constructed from a material containing silicone resin. Constructing the extension portion 20 from a material containing silicone resin makes it easier to impart hardness similar to that of an actual organ, allowing for training in inserting an endoscope into the extension portion 20 in a clinically-like environment. The material that constructs the extension portion 20 may also contain a colorant. This makes it easier to obtain endoscopic images that are similar to those in clinical settings. While the main body 2 and extension portion 20 of the organ model 1 may be constructed from the same material, it is preferable that they be constructed from different materials.

[0063] As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the training apparatus 60 may further include one or more support members 31 that support the extension portion 20. In FIG. 7, the first support member 311 supports the extension portion 20 above the upper end of the container 11 in the vertical direction y. The first support member 311 is preferably fixed to the upper side of the container 11 in the vertical direction y. The other support members 31 may be arranged on a horizontal plane. For example, in FIG. 7, the second support member 312, the third support member 313, and the fourth support member 314 are arranged on a horizontal plane in this order from the first end 21A toward the second end 21B, and support the extension portion 20 above the horizontal plane in the vertical direction y.

[0064] As can be seen from FIG. 6 , the training device 60 may have a holding member 18 located above the container 11 to prevent the organ model 1 from floating up. The holding member 18 may extend in the radial direction of the organ model 1 so as to pass through the centroid 8 of the organ model 1 in a plan view of the organ model 1. The holding member 18 may have, for example, a long, thin plate shape. In this case, first and second longitudinal ends of the holding member 18 may be fixed to the upper edge of the container 1, and a middle portion of the holding member 18 in the longitudinal direction may be disposed so as to face the opening 6 of the organ model 1. The holding member 18 may be disposed between the extension 20 and the organ model 1 in the vertical direction y.

[0065] It is preferable that a through-hole (not shown) is provided in the holding member 18 at a position facing the opening 6 of the organ model 1. This allows the opening 6 of the organ model 1 to communicate with the first end side opening 22 of the extension part 20.

[0066] The material for forming the pressing member 18 can be the same as that for the container 11 .

[0067] As shown in Figure 8, the training device 60 is preferably arranged outside the container 11 and further includes a light-shielding wall 40 that blocks external light. By covering the container 11 with the light-shielding wall 40, external light can be blocked, allowing an appropriate amount of light to be irradiated onto the organ model 1, and images of the organ model 1 and the medical instruments inside the organ model 1 can be stably captured.

[0068] The light-shielding wall 40 may cover only a portion of the container 11, but preferably covers the entire container 11. This allows the organ model 1 and the medical instruments inside the organ model 1 to be observed without being affected by external light. As shown in FIG. 8 , a plurality of light-shielding walls 40 may be arranged to form a rectangular parallelepiped. The light-shielding walls 40 are preferably arranged on the top side and the side wall 13 side of the container 11. If the bottom 12 side of the container 11 is shaded by a desk, table, floor, etc. on which the training device 60 is placed, the light-shielding wall 40 does not need to be arranged on the bottom 12 side of the container 11. The light-shielding walls 40 may be arranged on the top, bottom 12, and side wall 13 sides of the container 11.

[0069] Examples of materials for the light-shielding wall 40 include resins such as acrylic resin, and metals such as aluminum, copper, and tungsten. An acrylic plate with a light transmittance set within a predetermined range can also be used as the light-shielding wall 40. Alternatively, the light-shielding wall 40 can be an acrylic plate with a metal film of aluminum, copper, tungsten, or the like disposed on the surface thereof.

[0070] The light transmittance (unit: %) of the baffle wall 40 is evaluated based on the amount of external light other than that from the light source 42 that reaches the inside of the baffle wall 40. For example, if no external light reaches the inside of the baffle wall 40 at all, the transmittance is 0%.

[0071] The light-shielding wall 40 does not have to completely block light. The light transmittance of the light-shielding wall 40 is preferably 50% or less, more preferably 45% or less, and even more preferably 40% or less. The light transmittance of the light-shielding wall 40 may also be 3% or more, 5% or more, or 10% or more.

[0072] 9, it is preferable that the container 11 is disposed between the light source 42 and the light receiving unit 46 in the horizontal direction x perpendicular to the vertical direction y. By disposing the light source 42, the light receiving unit 46, and the container 11 in this manner, it becomes easier to observe the medical instrument inserted into the lumen 5.

[0073] 10, the light receiving unit 46 includes a first light receiving unit 47 and a second light receiving unit 48, and in a plan view of the organ model 1, the first light receiving unit 47 and the second light receiving unit 48 are preferably arranged at different positions around the organ model 1. The training device 60 has multiple light receiving units 46, allowing simultaneous observation from multiple directions. The training device 60 has multiple light receiving units 46, allowing imaging from multiple directions, and therefore allowing simulation images to be generated using three-dimensional information.

[0074] 10, training device 60 may have first camera 451 and second camera 452, first camera 451 may have first light receiving unit 47 and first lens 491, and second camera 452 may have second light receiving unit 48 and second lens 492. In this way, first light receiving unit 47 and second light receiving unit 48 are preferably arranged in different cameras.

[0075] In the training device 60, it is preferable that the direction in which the light receiving surface of the first light receiving unit 47 faces is different from the direction in which the light receiving surface of the second light receiving unit 48 faces. Furthermore, in the initial state in which the first light receiving unit 47 and the second light receiving unit 48 are not moved, it is preferable that the direction in which the light receiving surface of the first light receiving unit 47 faces is perpendicular to the direction in which the light receiving surface of the second light receiving unit 48 faces.

[0076] It is preferable that the first light receiving section 47 and the second light receiving section 48 are located on the same horizontal plane.

[0077] Training device 60 may have first camera 451 and second camera 452, first camera 451 may have first light receiving unit 47 and first lens 491, and second camera 452 may have second light receiving unit 48 and second lens 492. The direction in which first lens 491 faces may be different from the direction in which second lens 492 faces. When first camera 451 and second camera 452 are not moved, the direction in which first lens 491 faces and the direction in which second lens 492 faces may be perpendicular to each other.

[0078] As shown in Fig. 9, in the vertical direction y, the light receiving unit 46 is preferably arranged below the upper end of the organ model 1 but above the lower end of the organ model 1, and the light source 42 is preferably arranged from above the upper end of the organ model 1 to below the lower end of the organ model 1. By arranging the light source 42, the light receiving unit 46, and the organ model 1 in this manner, shadows are less likely to appear on the organ model 1 when the organ model 1 is photographed by the light receiving unit 46, making it easier to observe the medical instrument inserted into the lumen 5. In Fig. 9, the range in which light from the light source 42 is required for the organ model 1 is indicated by a dotted line, and the viewing angle of the camera is indicated by a dashed line.

[0079] As shown in Figure 9, the training device 60 is disposed outside the container 11 and further includes a light-shielding wall 40 that blocks external light, and the light source 42 and the light-receiving unit 46 are preferably disposed between the light-shielding wall 40 and the container 11. This makes it easier to observe the medical instrument inserted into the lumen 5 without being affected by external light.

[0080] 9, it is preferable that the light-shielding wall 40 covers the container 11, the light source 42, and the light-receiving unit 46. This makes it easier to observe the medical instrument inserted into the lumen 5 without being affected by external light.

[0081] 9, the light source 42 may be fixed to the light-shielding wall 40. By fixing the light source 42 to the light-shielding wall 40, the position of the light source 42 relative to the organ model 1 is fixed, and therefore, the organ model 1 can be stably photographed by the light-receiving unit 46. For example, the light source 42 may have a first surface and a second surface, with the first surface joined to the light-shielding wall 40 and light being emitted from the second surface.

[0082] 10, it is preferable that the light receiving unit 46 is movable relative to the organ model 1. By moving the light receiving unit 46 relative to the organ model 1, it becomes easier to observe the medical instrument inserted into the lumen 5 from multiple directions.

[0083] The direction of movement of the light receiving unit 46 relative to the organ model 1 is not particularly limited, but for example, the light receiving unit 46 may move in the horizontal direction x relative to the organ model 1, or in the vertical direction y, or in a direction parallel to the surface shape of the outer surface 3 of the organ model 1. Furthermore, in a plan view of the organ model 1, the light receiving unit 46 may move so as to revolve around the organ model 1. One light receiving unit 46 may circle the organ model 1, or may move only within a partial range in the circumferential direction of the organ model 1.

[0084] As can be seen from Figure 10, in a plan view of the organ model 1, it is preferable that the light receiving unit 46 moves on the circumference 54 of a virtual circle 52 with its center 53 at the centroid 8 of the organ model 1. By moving the light receiving unit 46 in this way, it is possible to prevent the organ model 1 from going out of focus, making it easier to observe the medical instrument being inserted into the lumen 5 from multiple directions. Furthermore, since the training device 60 has multiple light receiving units 46, it is possible to observe from multiple directions simultaneously. Furthermore, since imaging is possible from multiple directions, it is possible to generate simulated images using three-dimensional information.

[0085] In a planar view of the organ model 1, the movable range 471 of the first light receiving unit 41 and the movable range 481 of the second light receiving unit 42 in the circumferential direction of the virtual circle 52 may be the same or different. In a planar view of the organ model 1, the movable range of one light receiving unit 46 in the circumferential direction of the virtual circle 52 is preferably 120° or less, 100° or less, or 90° or less, and is preferably 30° or more, 45° or more, or 60° or more.

[0086] In order to make the light receiving unit 46 movable, the training device 60 may have a transport unit 50 connected to the light receiving unit 46 as shown in Fig. 10. When the training device 60 has a first light receiving unit 47 and a second light receiving unit 48 as shown in Fig. 10, it is preferable that the transport unit 50 is connected to each of the first light receiving unit 47 and the second light receiving unit 48.

[0087] The conveying unit 50 may include at least one of a linear actuator and a rotary actuator. The actuator may include at least one of mechanical elements such as a motor, a linear guide, a ball screw, a timing belt pulley, a slider, and a rack and pinion.

[0088] Although not shown, the transport unit 50 may have a stepping motor connected to the light receiving unit 46 so that the light receiving unit 46 can be rotated relative to the organ model 1 in a plan view of the organ model 1. The stepping motor can rotate the light receiving unit 46 at regular angle intervals, which is suitable for observing the organ model 1.

[0089] In order to guide the movement direction of the light receiving unit 46, the transport unit 50 may have a guide rail that movably supports the light receiving unit 46. The transport unit 50 may move on the guide rail.

[0090] 11, when the organ model 1 has an inner surface 4 that defines a lumen 5, it is preferable that a surfactant 27 be present on the inner surface 4. The presence of surfactant 27 on the inner surface 4 makes the inner surface 4 smooth, facilitating the insertion of a medical instrument into the lumen 5.

[0091] The surfactant 27 is preferably present throughout the entire axial direction of the lumen 5, but may be present only in a portion of the axial direction of the lumen 5. The surfactant 27 is also preferably present throughout the entire circumferential direction of the lumen 5, but may be present only in a portion of the circumferential direction of the lumen 5.

[0092] Methods for making the surfactant 27 present include applying or spraying the surfactant 27 onto the inner surface 4 of the organ model 1, pouring the surfactant 27 into the lumen 5 of the organ model 1 and bringing the surfactant 27 into contact with the inner surface 4, and mixing the surfactant 27 into the liquid 25.

[0093] The type of surfactant 27 is not particularly limited, and anionic surfactants, cationic surfactants, zwitterionic surfactants, and nonionic surfactants can be used.

[0094] 12 and 13, a container 11 has a bottom 12 and a sidewall 13 connected to the bottom 12 and extending upward in the vertical direction y, and when an organ model 1 is placed in the container 11 in contact with the bottom 12, the bottom 12 of the container 11 preferably has a reflective surface 123 with a reflectance of 70% or more. The connection between the sidewall 13 and the bottom 12 is shaded and difficult to observe, but the container 11 having the reflective surface 123 can improve visibility when photographing the container 11 and the organ model 1.

[0095] The reflectance (unit: %) of the bottom portion 12 can be determined by measuring how much of the light emitted from the light source 42 is reflected.

[0096] As shown in Figures 12 and 13, a mirror 15 is disposed on the bottom 12 of the container 11, and the surface of the mirror 15 is preferably a reflective surface 123. The reflective surface 123 faces the organ model 1. By disposing the mirror 15 on the bottom 12 of the container 11 in this way, light is reflected by the mirror 15, thereby improving visibility when photographing the container 11 and the organ model 1.

[0097] The mirror 15 may be disposed above the bottom 12 of the container 11, or may be disposed below the bottom 12. As shown in FIG. 12, the mirror 15 may be bonded to the bottom 12 on the inside of the container 11, i.e., on the inner bottom surface 121, or as shown in FIG. 13, the mirror 15 may be bonded to the bottom 12 on the outside of the container 11, i.e., on the outer bottom surface 122. When the mirror 15 is bonded to the outer bottom surface 122 of the bottom 12, it is preferable that the bottom 12 be made of a light-transmitting material. The materials constituting the organ model 1 can be used as examples of the light-transmitting material.

[0098] As shown in FIG. 12, a mirror 15 may be attached to the bottom surface 2B of the organ model 1.

[0099] As shown in FIGS. 12 and 13, the bottom surface 2B of the organ model 1, the mirror 15, and the inner bottom surface 121 of the container 11 are preferably joined together.

[0100] The reflecting surface 123 is preferably arranged along the shape of the bottom surface 2B of the organ model 1. As shown in Figures 12 and 13, the reflecting surface 123 may be parallel to a horizontal plane. Alternatively, the reflecting surface 123 may be curved, for example, curved in an arc. Adjusting the shape of the reflecting surface 123 in this way makes it easier to reflect light, thereby improving visibility when photographing the container 11 and organ model 1.

[0101] The reflective surface 123 of the mirror 15 may be coated with a coating agent containing a reflective material, or the reflective material may be attached by a method such as vapor deposition, sputtering, electroplating, or chemical plating. Also, a thin metal film may be provided on the reflective surface 123. Examples of reflective materials include aluminum, gold, silver, copper, tin, titanium dioxide, tantalum pentoxide, aluminum oxide, silicon dioxide, magnesium fluoride, and combinations thereof.

[0102] The mirror 15 may be a plate made of the above-mentioned reflective material, such as an aluminum plate or a copper plate. Alternatively, the mirror 15 may have a plate-shaped substrate and a reflective layer disposed on the substrate. The substrate may be made of, for example, a synthetic resin such as polyolefin resin (e.g., polyethylene or polypropylene), polyamide resin (e.g., nylon), polyester resin (e.g., PET), aromatic polyether ketone resin (e.g., PEEK), polyether polyamide resin, polyurethane resin, polyimide resin, or fluororesin (e.g., PTFE, PFA, or ETFE), or a metal such as stainless steel, carbon steel, or nickel-titanium alloy. The reflective layer is preferably made of the above-mentioned reflective material.

[0103] It is preferable that the reflecting surface 123 is not arranged on any surface other than the bottom 12 of the container 11, for example, on the side wall 13 of the container 11. It is also preferable that the reflecting surface 123 is not arranged on any surface other than the bottom surface 2B of the organ model 1, for example, on the top surface 2A and side surface 2C of the organ model 1. By providing the reflecting surface 123 in this way, it is possible to improve the visibility when photographing the container 11 and organ model 1.

[0104] 14, a training system 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a container 11 for containing a liquid 25, an organ model 1 disposed within the container 11, the organ model 1 having an internal lumen 5 corresponding to the shape of an internal body lumen 5, the internal lumen 5 into which the liquid 25 can be poured, the organ model 1 having an opening 6 connecting the internal lumen 5 to the outside of the organ model 1, a training device 60 having a light source 42 disposed outside the container 11 for irradiating the organ model 1 with light, and a light receiving unit 46 disposed outside the container 11, and a processing unit 55 connected to the training device 60 for processing images acquired by the light receiving unit 46. The configurations of the training device 60 and the liquid 25 can be those already described. Processing the images acquired by the light receiving unit 46 in the processing unit 55 makes it easier to observe a medical instrument inserted into the lumen 5.

[0105] The processing unit 55 can perform various processes such as noise removal, edge emphasis, and feature extraction on the image acquired by the light receiving unit 46 .

[0106] The training system 100 may have a display unit 56 connected to the processing unit 55, which displays images processed by the processing unit 55. Examples of the display unit 56 include a computer, an external monitor, a mobile phone, a smartphone, and a tablet terminal.

[0107] In the training system 100, the light receiving unit 46 may acquire multiple images. In this case, it is preferable that the processing unit 55 compares the multiple images acquired by the light receiving unit 46. In particular, it is preferable that the light receiving unit 46 acquires images before and after inserting a medical instrument into the lumen 5, and compares a first image before the insertion of the medical instrument with a second image after the insertion. This makes it possible to perform observations using the so-called differential scanning method (DSA method), and enables training using images that are similar to differential images obtained in actual procedures.

[0108] In the training system 100, the light receiving unit 46 may acquire a third image, and after acquiring the third image, the light receiving unit 46 may acquire a fourth image, and the display unit 56 may display a fifth image in which the third image and the fourth image are superimposed. This enables observation using the so-called roadmap method, and training using images similar to those acquired in actual procedures becomes possible.

[0109] The processing unit 55 may be connected to any of the components that make up the training device 60, but is preferably connected to a camera 45 having a light receiving unit .

[0110] At least one of the functions of the training system 100, for example, the function of the processing unit 55, may be realized by hardware or software. Examples of hardware include logic circuits formed in integrated circuits such as LSI (Large Scale Integration) and ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit).

[0111] The training system 100 may include a computer 57 that executes instructions of a program, which is software for realizing the functions of the processing unit 55. The computer 57 preferably includes a processor and a computer-readable recording medium that stores the program. The processor executes the program stored in the computer-readable recording medium, thereby realizing the functions. A CPU (Central Processing Unit) can be used as the processor. A ROM (Read Only Memory) or the like can be used as the recording medium. The recording medium can also include a RAM (Random Access Memory). The program can be supplied to the computer 57 via any transmission medium that can transmit the program. Examples of the transmission medium include a communication network and a communication line. [Explanation of symbols]

[0112] 1: Organ model 2: Main body 3:Outer surface 4:Inner surface 5:Lumen 6:Aperture 11: Container 12: Bottom 13: Side wall 15: Mirror 20: Extension part 21:Lumen 25:Liquid 40: Blackout wall 42:Light source 46: Light receiving part 47: 1st light receiving section 48:Second light receiving section 55: Processing section 60: Training equipment 100: Training System x: horizontal direction y: vertical direction

Claims

1. a container for containing a liquid; an organ model disposed in the container, the organ model having a lumen therein corresponding to the shape of a lumen in the body, the organ model having an opening that connects the lumen to the outside of the organ model; a light source disposed outside the container and irradiating the organ model with light; and a light receiving unit disposed outside the container.

2. The organ model further includes an extension portion attached to the organ model and extending out of the container, The extension has a lumen therein, The training device according to claim 1 , wherein the lumen of the organ model and the lumen of the extension portion are in communication with each other.

3. 3. The training device according to claim 1, further comprising a light-shielding wall disposed outside the container for blocking light from outside.

4. The training device according to claim 3 , wherein the light source and the light receiving unit are disposed between the light-shielding wall and the container.

5. 3. The training device according to claim 1, wherein the container is disposed between the light source and the light receiving unit in a horizontal direction perpendicular to a vertical direction.

6. The training device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the light receiving unit is movable relative to the organ model.

7. 3. The training device according to claim 1, wherein, in a plan view of the organ model, the light receiving unit moves on the circumference of a virtual circle whose center is the centroid of the organ model.

8. 3. The training device of claim 1, wherein, in the vertical direction, the light receiving unit is positioned below the upper end of the organ model and above the lower end of the organ model, and the light source is positioned from above the upper end of the organ model to below the lower end of the organ model.

9. the light receiving unit includes a first light receiving unit and a second light receiving unit, The training device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first light receiving unit and the second light receiving unit are arranged at different positions around the organ model in a plan view of the organ model.

10. 3. The training device according to claim 1, wherein the organ model has an inner surface that defines the lumen, and a surfactant is present on the inner surface.

11. The container has a bottom and a sidewall connected to the bottom and extending vertically upward; the organ model is placed in the container in contact with the bottom, 3. The training device according to claim 1, wherein the bottom has a reflective surface with a reflectivity of 70% or more.

12. 12. The training device of claim 11, wherein a mirror is disposed on the bottom, and a surface of the mirror is the reflective surface.

13. 3. The training device according to claim 1, wherein the material constituting the organ model has a transparency that allows 50% or more of light having a wavelength of 410 nm or more and 830 nm or less to pass through.

14. a container for containing a liquid; an organ model disposed in the container, the organ model having a lumen therein corresponding to the shape of a lumen in the body, the organ model having an opening that connects the lumen to the outside of the organ model; a light source disposed outside the container and irradiating the organ model with light; a training device having a light receiving unit disposed outside the container; A training system having a processing unit connected to the training device and processing images acquired by the light receiving unit.

Images