Vibration dumping building

Abstract

To provide a vibration dumping building capable of making users recognize a base isolation function and suppressing vibration in upper floors.SOLUTION: A vibration dumping building 1 is provided with: a column structure 10; projections 20 in a plurality of layers fixed on the column structure 10 apart from each other in a vertical direction; movable structures 30 in a plurality of layers, each of which is placed on the corresponding projection 20; a plurality of vibration dumping devices 40, each of which is placed between the corresponding projection 20 and the movable structure 30; and a plurality of attenuation devices 50, each of which is placed between the corresponding movable structure 30 and the column structure 10 or between the corresponding movable structure 30 and the projection 20, without a return function returning the movable structure 30 to an original position, being configured to keep displacement of the movable structure 30 relating to the projection 20 generated through vibration dumping of the vibration attenuation device 50 after the vibration dumping.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a seismically isolated building. [Background technology]

[0002] For example, in buildings such as office buildings, seismic isolation buildings are known in which seismic isolation devices such as rolling bearings or sliding bearings are installed between the lower structure, such as the foundation, and the upper structure, so that shaking during an earthquake is not transmitted to the upper structure (see, for example, Patent Document 1). [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2018-127850 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] In seismically isolated buildings such as those described above, it is desirable that the structure be such that users can recognize that the building has seismic isolation functions against earthquakes, so that users can feel safe against earthquakes.

[0005] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned conventional seismically isolated buildings, when the upper structure has multiple floors, there is a problem in that the higher the floor, the greater the shaking will be when an earthquake occurs.

[0006] The present invention was made in consideration of these problems, and its purpose is to provide a seismically isolated building that can make users aware of the seismic isolation function and can suppress shaking on upper floors. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] The seismically isolated building of the present invention comprises a column structure, multiple layers of protrusions fixed to the column structure at intervals in the vertical direction, multiple layers of movable structures arranged on the corresponding protrusions, multiple seismic isolation devices installed between the corresponding protrusions and the movable structures, and multiple damping devices installed between the corresponding movable structures and the column structure, and is characterized in that it does not have a return function to return the movable structures to their original positions, and is configured so that the displacement of the movable structure relative to the protrusions caused by the seismic isolation operation of the seismic isolation devices is maintained after the seismic isolation operation.

[0008] In the above configuration, the seismically isolated building of the present invention preferably further comprises a sloshing damper provided at the upper end of the column structure.

[0009] In the above-described configuration, the seismically isolated building of the present invention preferably further comprises an energy plant installed inside the column structure. [Effects of the Invention]

[0010] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a seismically isolated building that can make users aware of the seismic isolation function and can suppress shaking on upper floors. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0011] [Figure 1] 1 is a cross-sectional view of a base-isolated building according to one embodiment of the present invention, viewed from the front. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. [Figure 3] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the base-isolated building shown in FIG. 1 as seen from the front when an earthquake occurs. [Figure 4] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the base-isolated building shown in FIG. 1 in a state where vibrations caused by an earthquake have subsided. [Figure 5] This is a cross-sectional view of the base-isolated building shown in Figure 1, seen from the front, in a state where another earthquake has occurred and the vibrations caused by that earthquake have subsequently subsided. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0012] A base-isolated building 1 according to one embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

[0013] As shown in Figures 1 and 2, a seismically isolated building 1 according to one embodiment of the present invention has a column structure 10, multiple stories of overhanging portions 20, multiple stories of movable structures 30, multiple seismic isolation devices 40, and multiple damping devices 50.

[0014] The column structure 10 is an earthquake-resistant columnar structure, and is supported on the ground 2 via a foundation (not shown). In this embodiment, the column structure 10 is cylindrical. The column structure 10 may have various structures, such as a steel frame structure, a reinforced concrete structure, or a reinforced steel concrete structure, as long as it is earthquake-resistant.

[0015] The shape of the pillar structure 10 is not limited to a cylindrical shape, but can be changed as appropriate, for example, to a square cylindrical shape.

[0016] The multiple layers of protrusions 20 are fixed to the column structure 10 at intervals from one another in the vertical direction. In this embodiment, four protrusions 20 are fixed at equal intervals from one another in the vertical direction. In this embodiment, each of the four protrusions 20 is formed in the shape of a circular plate that protrudes radially outward from the outer circumferential surface of the column structure 10.

[0017] The number of the protruding portions 20 is not limited to four, and may be any number of layers. As long as the protruding portions 20 protrude radially outward from the outer circumferential surface of the column structure 10 and can support the movable structure 30, the configuration or shape of the protruding portions 20 can be appropriately changed, for example, by being composed of a plurality of divided portions arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction around the column structure 10.

[0018] The multiple layers of movable structures 30 are arranged on the corresponding protruding portions 20. In this embodiment, four movable structures 30 corresponding to the four protruding portions 20 are arranged on the corresponding protruding portions 20.

[0019] In this embodiment, each of the four movable structures 30 constitutes an artificial ground. More specifically, each of the four movable structures 30 has an outer diameter larger than that of the overhanging portion 20 and an inner diameter larger than that of the column structure 10, and is a circular plate-like outer and inner shape. A plurality of buildings 31, such as houses where users live, various facilities, and stores, are installed on top of the four movable structures 30. Although not shown in detail, sidewalks, parks, stairs connecting the upper and lower movable structures 30, and the like may also be installed on top of the four movable structures 30.

[0020] The movable structure 30 is not limited to one that constitutes an artificial ground, and may have various configurations, such as one that is configured as a single- or multi-story building (floor) used in an office, apartment building, or the like.

[0021] The multiple seismic isolation devices 40 are installed between the corresponding overhanging portions 20 and the movable structure 30. That is, each movable structure 30 is supported by the corresponding overhanging portion 20 via the seismic isolation device 40. As the seismic isolation device 40, various configurations such as rolling bearings and sliding bearings can be used. When an earthquake causes the column structure 10 and the overhanging portions 20 together with the ground 2 to vibrate in the horizontal direction, the seismic isolation device 40 performs a seismic isolation operation to suppress transmission of the vibrations from the overhanging portions 20 to the movable structure 30, thereby suppressing the movable structure 30 from vibrating in the horizontal direction.

[0022] The plurality of damping devices 50 are provided between the corresponding movable structure 30 and the column structure 10. Various configurations of damping devices 50 can be used, for example, oil dampers, lead dampers, etc. In this embodiment, four damping devices 50 are installed between one movable structure 30 and the column structure 10, aligned at equal intervals in the circumferential direction around the column structure 10. The damping devices 50 absorb the energy of the relative movement that occurs between the movable structure 30 and the overhanging portion 20 or the column structure 10 when an earthquake occurs, and can quickly converge the relative movement of the movable structure 30 with respect to the overhanging portion 20 or the column structure 10 after the earthquake has subsided.

[0023] The number and arrangement of the damping devices 50 can be changed in various ways as long as they are configured or arranged so as to operate in any horizontal direction of the earthquake vibration, i.e., the direction of relative movement occurring between the movable structure 30 and the overhanging portion 20 or column structure 10. Also, the damping devices 50 may be provided between the corresponding movable structure 30 and the overhanging portion 20 that supports that movable structure 30.

[0024] The seismically isolated building 1 does not have a return function to return each movable structure 30 to its original position, and is configured so that the displacement of the movable structure 30 relative to the protrusion 20 caused by the seismic isolation operation of the seismic isolation device 40 when an earthquake occurs is maintained after the seismic isolation operation, i.e., after the earthquake has subsided and the seismic isolation operation has ended.

[0025] The base-isolated building 1 can also be configured such that an on-ground movable structure 32 is provided below the lowest-level overhang 20, supported on the ground 2 by a base isolation device 41 and connected to the column structure 10 by a damping device 51. Like the movable structure 30, the on-ground movable structure 32 is also configured as artificial ground, and can be configured such that a building 33 is installed on top of it, as well as sidewalks, parks, stairs leading to the movable structure 30 above, and the like. Note that the on-ground movable structure 32 does not have to be provided.

[0026] The base-isolated building 1 can also be configured with a sloshing damper 60 provided at the upper end of the column structure 10. The sloshing damper 60 has a dish-shaped container 61 fixed to the upper end of the column structure 10 and a liquid 62 contained inside the container 61. The liquid 62 is preferably water, but is not limited to this. During an earthquake, the movement of the liquid 62 contained in the container 61 resonates with the vibration of the column structure 10, thereby reducing the shaking of the column structure 10 caused by the earthquake. The sloshing damper 60 can also be configured with a pump 63 that supplies the liquid 62 to the container 61 as needed. In this case, the pump 63 can be located inside the column structure 10 to collect the liquid 62 that has spilled from the container 61 onto the ground 2 due to vibration during an earthquake and pump it back into the container 61 using the pump 63.

[0027] When the base-isolated building 1 is configured with a sloshing damper 60 provided at the upper end of the column structure 10, it is preferable to configure the base-isolated building 1 with a membrane 64 extending from the outer periphery of the container 61 toward the ground and covering the multiple layers of movable structures 30 and above-ground movable structures 32 from the outside. By providing the membrane 64, even if liquid 62 spills from the container 61 during an earthquake, the liquid 62 can be prevented from splashing onto the movable structures 30 or the above-ground movable structures 32. The membrane 64 can be formed, for example, from a thin, waterproof sheet-like or net-like material. The membrane 64 is preferably transparent or translucent, but is not limited thereto. The membrane 64 can also be configured to be connected to the outer ends of each movable structure 30 and above-ground movable structure 32.

[0028] The base-isolated building 1 can also be configured such that an energy plant 70 is provided inside the column structure 10. The energy plant 70 can be, for example, a power generation facility that generates electricity using earthquake energy, a power generation facility that generates electricity using wind power, or a power generation facility that generates electricity by burning oil or gas, but is not limited to these. The energy plant 70 is configured to be able to supply energy such as electricity to, for example, the building 31 installed on the movable structure 30, the pump 63 of the sloshing damper 60, etc.

[0029] In the base-isolated building 1 according to this embodiment having the above configuration, as shown in Fig. 3, when an earthquake occurs, the movable structures 30 of the multiple stories move horizontally relative to the column structures 10 or the overhanging portions 20, which vibrate together with the ground 2, due to the seismic isolation operation of the base isolation devices 40. This prevents the vibrations of the column structures 10 supported by the ground 2 from being transmitted to the movable structures 30 when an earthquake occurs, thereby suppressing the horizontal shaking of the movable structures 30. This can therefore increase the safety of users of the buildings 31 of the movable structures 30.

[0030] Furthermore, when an earthquake occurs, horizontal vibrations of the on-ground movable structure 32 supported on the ground 2 by the seismic isolation device 41 are also suppressed by the seismic isolation action of the seismic isolation device 41. Therefore, the safety of users of the building 33 of the on-ground movable structure 32 can also be improved.

[0031] In conventional seismically isolated buildings in which seismic isolation devices are installed between the substructure and superstructure, if the superstructure has multiple floors, during an earthquake, even if the shaking of the lower floors can be suppressed, the higher the floors, the greater the shaking will be due to deformation of the superstructure. In contrast, in the seismically isolated building 1 according to this embodiment, all of the movable structures 30 on multiple floors, arranged at intervals in the vertical direction, are supported by their corresponding overhangs 20 via seismic isolation devices 40, so that the shaking of the movable structures 30 on all floors, from the lower floors to the upper floors, can be suppressed equally.

[0032] In particular, in the base-isolated building 1 according to this embodiment, the sloshing damper 60 is provided at the upper end of the column structure 10 supported by the ground 2, so that the column structure 10 can be prevented from shaking freely when an earthquake occurs. Furthermore, when an earthquake occurs, the sloshing damper 60 changes the natural period by causing the liquid 62 to spill out of the container part 61 due to the vibration of the column structure 10, thereby more effectively suppressing the vibration of the column structure 10. This makes it possible to more effectively suppress the transmission of vibration from the column structure 10 to each movable structure 30, and more effectively suppress the shaking of the movable structures 30 on all floors from the lower floors to the upper floors.

[0033] If the column structure 10 vibrates during an earthquake, causing the liquid 62 to spill out of the container 61, the spilled liquid 62 is collected after the earthquake subsides and supplied to the container 61 using a pump 63. The pump 63 is driven by electricity supplied from an energy plant 70 installed inside the column structure 10, eliminating the need for an external power supply and making the base-isolated building 1 energy-efficient.

[0034] Furthermore, as described above, the seismically isolated building 1 according to this embodiment does not have a return function for returning each movable structure 30 to its original position, and is configured so that the displacement of the movable structure 30 relative to the overhanging portion 20 caused by the seismic isolation operation of the seismic isolation device 40 during an earthquake is maintained after the seismic isolation operation. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4 , after an earthquake occurs and each movable structure 30 moves relative to the corresponding overhanging portion 20, when the earthquake subsides, the vibration of each movable structure 30 is damped by the damping device 50, and the movable structure 30 is maintained in a state or position where its relative movement with respect to the overhanging portion 20 has stopped. At this time, the amplitude of the horizontal vibration of the column structure 10 during an earthquake increases as its height increases, and the weight of each movable structure 30 differs depending on the number and size of the buildings 31. Therefore, after the earthquake subsides, the stopping positions of each movable structure 30 relative to the overhanging portion 20 will differ from one another.

[0035] Similarly, the seismically isolated building 1 according to this embodiment does not have a return function for returning the on-ground movable structure 32 to its original position, and is configured so that the displacement of the on-ground movable structure 32 relative to the ground 2 caused by the seismic isolation operation of the seismic isolation device 41 during an earthquake is maintained after the seismic isolation operation. Therefore, after an earthquake occurs and the on-ground movable structure 32 moves relative to the ground 2, when the earthquake subsides, the vibration of the on-ground movable structure 32 is damped by the damping device 50, and the on-ground movable structure 32 is maintained in a state or position where its relative movement relative to the ground 2 has stopped. At this time, the amplitude of the horizontal vibration of the ground 2 differs from the amplitude of the horizontal vibration of the column structure 10, and the weight of the on-ground movable structure 32 differs from the weight of the movable structure 30. Therefore, after the earthquake subsides, the stopping position of the on-ground movable structure 32 relative to the ground 2 differs from the stopping position of the movable structure 30 relative to the overhanging portion 20.

[0036] Thus, in the base-isolated building 1 according to this embodiment, after an earthquake occurs and each of the movable structures 30 and on-ground movable structures 32 performs seismic isolation operation by the base isolation devices 40 and 41, when the earthquake subsides and the base isolation operation is completed, each of the movable structures 30 and on-ground movable structures 32 stops in a position different from the position before the earthquake and different from each other, and is maintained in that position or state. Therefore, the external shape of the base-isolated building 1 will be different before and after the earthquake occurs.

[0037] Therefore, users of the seismically isolated building 1 can directly recognize that the seismically isolated building 1 has a seismic isolation function by visually checking the changed external shape of the seismically isolated building 1. Therefore, the seismically isolated building 1 according to this embodiment can provide users of the seismically isolated building 1 with a sense of security against earthquakes.

[0038] In particular, if a membrane body 64 is provided on the seismically isolated building 1 and each movable structure 30 and above-ground movable structure 32 is covered with the membrane body 64, the external shape of the seismically isolated building 1 becomes easier to recognize, and the above-mentioned effects can be obtained more effectively.

[0039] Furthermore, in the base-isolated building 1 according to this embodiment, after the external shape of the base-isolated building 1 changes due to an earthquake, another earthquake occurs, and when the earthquake subsides, the horizontal position of each movable structure 30 relative to the corresponding overhanging portion 20 and the position of the above-ground movable structure 32 relative to the ground 2 change further from the positions shown in Fig. 4, as shown in Fig. 5, and the external shape of the base-isolated building 1 changes further from the shape shown in Fig. 4. In this way, with each earthquake, the horizontal displacement of each movable structure 30 relative to the corresponding overhanging portion 20 and the displacement of the above-ground movable structure 32 relative to the ground 2 accumulate, and the external shape of the base-isolated building 1 changes with each earthquake.

[0040] Therefore, the seismically isolated building 1 of this embodiment can give users of the seismically isolated building 1 a positive impression of earthquakes, and because the seismically isolated building 1 reflects the history of earthquakes, it can remind users of the history of earthquakes and increase the value of the seismically isolated building as a cultural asset.

[0041] The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. [Explanation of symbols]

[0042] 1. Seismic isolation buildings 2 Ground 10 pillar structure 20 Overhang 30 Movable structure 31 Building 32 Movable structure on the ground 33 Building 40 Seismic isolation device 41 Seismic isolation device 50 Damping Device 51 Damping device 60 Sloshing damper 61 Container section 62 liquid 63 Pump 64 Membrane body 70 Energy Plant

Claims

1. A pillar structure; a plurality of layers of overhanging portions fixed to the column structure at intervals in the vertical direction; a plurality of layers of movable structures disposed on the corresponding overhanging portions; a plurality of seismic isolation devices installed between the corresponding overhanging portions and the movable structure; a plurality of damping devices provided between the corresponding movable structure and the column structure or between the corresponding movable structure and the overhanging portion; A seismically isolated building characterized in that it does not have a return function to return the movable structure to its original position, and is configured so that the displacement of the movable structure relative to the protrusion caused by the seismic isolation operation of the seismic isolation device is maintained after the seismic isolation operation.

2. The seismically isolated building according to claim 1, further comprising a sloshing damper provided at the upper end of the column structure.

3. The seismically isolated building according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising an energy plant installed inside the column structure.

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