Shrimp aquaculture water

Abstract

To provide shrimp aquaculture water which can definitely improve farmed shrimp production efficiency.SOLUTION: A shrimp aquaculture water 10 comprises, in terms of the masses of solutes per 1 L of the aquaculture water, 35-320 mg of Mg2+, 25-250 mg of Ca2+, and 8-80 mg of K+, and is characterized in that a first mass ratio that is a ratio of the mass of Mg2+ to the mass of K+ is 0.7-5.0, a second mass ratio that is a ratio of the mass of Ca2+ to the mass of K+ is 0.5-5.0, and a third mass ratio that is a ratio of the mass of Mg2+ to the mass of Ca2+ is 0.7-1.4. The shrimp aquaculture water 10 may have a third mass ratio of 0.7-1.3, and may have a first mass ratio of 0.7-4.0 and a second mass ratio of 0.5-4.0.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to shrimp breeding water used for shrimp farming. [Background technology]

[0002] Research has been conducted into the breeding water used in land-based shrimp farming. Farmed shrimp are known for their rapid growth, taking approximately 3 to 4 months for them to grow from 0.5 cm juvenile shrimp to 12 to 15 cm edible shrimp. Vannamei shrimp, in particular, is attracting attention for its environmental adaptability, disease resistance, and high growth rate. It can be grown on low-protein feed, has high protein content after maturation, and can survive for long periods outside of water, making it easy to raise profits. However, an incorrect composition of the breeding water can reduce the survival rate of farmed shrimp. Therefore, there is a strong demand for breeding water that is suitable for improving production efficiency.

[0003] Patent Documents 1 and 2 disclose rearing water that promotes the growth of shrimp. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2017-060459 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2008-043252 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] The rearing water disclosed in Patent Documents 1 and 2 can promote the growth of shrimp. However, there is no specific disclosure about the range of component ratios that are suitable for improving the survival rate of shrimp, and there is a problem that the production efficiency of land-based shrimp farming cannot be reliably improved in terms of survival rate.

[0006] The present invention has been devised in view of the above-mentioned problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide shrimp rearing water which reliably improves the production efficiency of farmed shrimp. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] The shrimp breeding water in the first invention is shrimp breeding water used for breeding shrimp, and has a solute mass of 35 to 320 mg Mg per 1 L of breeding water. 2+ and 25-250 mg of Ca. 2+ and 8 to 80 mg of K. + and, including K + mass of Mg 2+ The first mass ratio, which indicates the ratio of the masses of K + Ca relative to the mass of 2+ The second mass ratio, which indicates the ratio of the masses of Ca 2+ mass of Mg 2+ The third mass ratio, which indicates the ratio of the masses of the above, is 0.7 to 1.4.

[0008] The shrimp breeding water according to a second aspect of the present invention is the shrimp breeding water according to the first aspect of the present invention, characterized in that the third mass ratio is 0.7 to 1.3.

[0009] The shrimp breeding water of a third invention is the shrimp breeding water of the first or second invention, characterized in that the first mass ratio is 0.7 to 4.0 and the second mass ratio is 0.5 to 4.0.

[0010] The shrimp breeding water of a fourth invention is the shrimp breeding water of the first or second invention, characterized in that the first mass ratio is 1.0 to 4.0 and the second mass ratio is 1.0 to 3.0.

[0011] The shrimp breeding water of a fifth invention is the shrimp breeding water of the first or second invention, characterized in that the first mass ratio is 1.5 to 4.0 and the second mass ratio is 2.0 to 3.0. [Effects of the Invention]

[0012] According to the first to fifth inventions, the shrimp breeding water contains 35 to 320 mg of Mg 2+ and 25-250 mg of Ca. 2+ and 8 to 80 mg of K. + The first mass ratio is 0.7 to 5.0, the second mass ratio is 0.5 to 5.0, and the third mass ratio is 0.7 to 1.4. This makes it possible to increase the survival rate of farmed shrimp to 75% or more, thereby ensuring an improvement in the production efficiency of farmed shrimp.

[0013] In particular, according to the second aspect of the present invention, the shrimp rearing water has a third mass ratio of 0.7 to 1.3. This allows the survival rate of the farmed shrimp to be 78% or more, thereby further improving the production efficiency of farmed shrimp.

[0014] In particular, according to the third aspect of the present invention, the shrimp rearing water has a first mass ratio of 0.7 to 4.0 and a second mass ratio of 0.5 to 4.0. This allows the survival rate of the farmed shrimp to be 82% or more, thereby further improving the production efficiency of farmed shrimp.

[0015] In particular, according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the shrimp rearing water has a first mass ratio of 1.0 to 4.0 and a second mass ratio of 1.0 to 3.0. This allows the survival rate of the farmed shrimp to be 89% or more, thereby further improving the production efficiency of farmed shrimp.

[0016] In particular, according to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the shrimp rearing water has a first mass ratio of 1.5 to 4.0 and a second mass ratio of 2.0 to 3.0. This allows the survival rate of the farmed shrimp to be 91% or more, thereby further improving the production efficiency of farmed shrimp. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0017] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an example of shrimp culture using shrimp rearing water according to this embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0018] An example of a shrimp breeding water 10 as an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. Note that the components in each drawing are shown schematically for the purpose of explanation, and the size of each component and the size comparison between components may differ from those shown in the drawings.

[0019] (Shrimp breeding water 10) An example of the shrimp breeding water 10 in this embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings. The shrimp breeding water 10 is used to cultivate shrimp A using a shrimp farming system 1, for example, as shown in Figure 1.

[0020] The shrimp farming system 1 is an apparatus for cultivating farmed shrimp A. As shown in FIG. 1 , the shrimp farming system 1 includes a storage unit 11 that stores shrimp breeding water 10. The shrimp farming system 1 may further include, for example, a salinity adjusting unit 12 for adjusting the salinity in the storage unit 11. The shrimp farming system 1 may further include a filtering device 51, a disinfecting device 52, an air bubble generating device 53, a water quality monitoring device 54, a temperature control device 55, an automatic feeding device 56, a lighting unit 57, and artificial aquatic plants 6.

[0021] The shrimp farming system 1 is used in areas where it is difficult to obtain seawater or river water, such as land-based farming. The shrimp farming system 1 uses a closed circulation system in which water in a storage unit 11 is circulated to control the component ratio of shrimp breeding water 10, but it may also be a free-flowing system in which seawater or water with a lower salinity than seawater is continuously drawn into the storage unit 11.

[0022] The shrimp breeding water 10 is contained in a storage section 11 and is used for culturing the cultured shrimp A in the storage section 11. The salinity of the shrimp breeding water 10 may be, for example, a salinity equivalent to that of seawater (approximately 3,400% by mass), or may be a salinity lower than that of seawater (approximately 0.007 to 0.500% by mass).

[0023] The shrimp breeding water 10 contains, as a main component, for example, Mg 2+(Magnesium ion), Ca 2+ (Calcium ion), K + (potassium ion), SO4 2- (sulfate ions),

[0024] The shrimp breeding water 10 contains, for example, Mg as the mass of solute per 1 L of breeding water. 2+ less than 35 mg or more than 320 mg, Ca 2+ is less than 25 mg or more than 250 mg, K + If the solute content is less than 8 mg or more than 80 mg, the survival rate of the cultured shrimp A will be less than 60% due to incomplete molting or other reasons, and it will be impossible to reliably improve the production efficiency of the cultured shrimp A. For this reason, the shrimp rearing water 10 is set to contain 35 to 320 mg of Mg as the mass of solute per 1 L of the rearing water. 2+ and 25-250 mg of Ca. 2+ and 8 to 80 mg of K. + and

[0025] Also, K + mass of Mg 2+ The ratio of masses is called the first mass ratio, K + Ca relative to the mass of 2+ The mass ratio of Ca is the second mass ratio. 2+ mass of Mg 2+ When the mass ratio of the above is defined as the third mass ratio, if the first mass ratio is less than 0.7 or more than 5.0, the second mass ratio is less than 0.5 or more than 5.0, or the third mass ratio is less than 0.7 or more than 1.4, the survival rate of the cultured shrimp A will be less than 60% due to incomplete molting and the like, making it impossible to reliably improve the production efficiency of the cultured shrimp A. For this reason, it is preferable that the first mass ratio is 0.7 to 5.0, the second mass ratio is 0.5 to 5.0, and the third mass ratio is 0.7 to 1.4.

[0026] That is, the shrimp breeding water 10 contains 35 to 320 mg of Mg as the mass of solute per 1 L of breeding water. 2+ and 25-250 mg of Ca. 2+ and 8 to 80 mg of K. + and a first mass ratio (Mg2+ mass / K + The second mass ratio (Ca 2+ mass / K + The third mass ratio (Mg 2+ mass / Ca 2+ It is preferable that the mass of the shrimp A is 0.7 to 1.4. In this case, the survival rate of the cultured shrimp A becomes 75% or more, and the survival rate of the cultured shrimp A can be improved. This makes it possible to improve the efficiency of land-based cultivation of the cultured shrimp A. The relationship between the shrimp rearing water 10 and the survival rate of the cultured shrimp A will be described in detail later.

[0027] The third mass ratio of the shrimp breeding water 10 is preferably 0.7 to 1.3. In this case, the survival rate of the cultured shrimp A is 78% or more, which can further improve the survival rate of the cultured shrimp A and further improve the efficiency of land-based culture of the cultured shrimp A.

[0028] Furthermore, the shrimp rearing water 10 preferably satisfies the combination of a first mass ratio of 0.7 to 4.0 and a second mass ratio of 0.5 to 4.0, more preferably satisfies the combination of a first mass ratio of 1.0 to 4.0 and a second mass ratio of 1.0 to 3.0, and even more preferably satisfies the combination of a first mass ratio of 1.5 to 4.0 and a second mass ratio of 2.0 to 3.0. In this case, the survival rate of the cultured shrimp A is 82% or more, which can further improve the survival rate of the cultured shrimp A and further improve the efficiency of land-based farming of the cultured shrimp A.

[0029] Shrimp breeding water 10 is SO4 2- If it does not contain any SO4 2- Compared with the case containing SO4, there was a problem with the molting of farmed shrimp A, resulting in an increased mortality rate. 2- In addition, the shrimp breeding water 10 preferably contains SO4 as the mass of solute per 1 L of breeding water. 2- It is preferable that the amount of the compound contained is 70 to 400 mg.

[0030] Generally, the environment of shrimp breeding water 10 during shrimp cultivation is such that the mass of solutes per 1 L of breeding water is about 80 to 100 mg of CaCl2 (Ca 2+ (similar function), MgSO4 is about 250-300mg (Mg 2+ Similar function), K2SO4 is about 100mg (K + It is said that it is desirable to maintain an environment with a total alkalinity of 120 mg / L and a pH of about 7.8. 2- It contains a significant amount of SO4, which is involved in the osmoregulation of the body fluids of fish and crustaceans (regulating the salt concentration inside and outside the body fluids), and may play an important role in life processes such as molting, making it an important environmental condition for organisms such as fish and crustaceans. Therefore, in shrimp breeding water 10, SO4 is also an important factor that affects the normal growth and survival of farmed shrimp A. 2- It is preferred that the formula (I) is included.

[0031] The mass (concentration) of each of the above ions is adjusted by adding the corresponding salt. 2+ In the case of shrimp breeding water 10 containing 40 mg / L of magnesium sulfate, it can be adjusted by adding about 198.30 mg / L of magnesium sulfate. 2+ For example, if the shrimp breeding water 10 contains 240 mg / L of magnesium sulfate, the amount can be adjusted by adding approximately 1,189.80 mg / L of magnesium sulfate.

[0032] Also, Ca 2+ For shrimp breeding water 10 containing 30 mg / L of calcium chloride, the calcium chloride content can be adjusted by adding approximately 83.08 mg / L. 2+ When the shrimp breeding water 10 contains 200 mg / L of calcium chloride, the amount can be adjusted by adding approximately 553.86 mg / L of calcium chloride.

[0033] Also, K + If the shrimp breeding water 10 contains 10 mg / L of potassium sulfate, it can be adjusted by adding about 22.28 mg / L of potassium sulfate. +If the shrimp breeding water 10 contains 60 mg / L of potassium sulfate, the amount can be adjusted by adding approximately 133.68 mg / L of potassium sulfate.

[0034] The amounts of salt added above are theoretical values ​​calculated assuming a water temperature of 28°C and a pH of 7.5, but in reality, the ions in the shrimp rearing water 10 are not always completely ionized, so the actual amount of salt added may be greater or less than the theoretical value. Also, it should be noted that the amount of salt needed to be added may increase or decrease depending on various factors, including the solubility of each salt, the pH of the water, the temperature of the water, the influence of other dissolved substances, etc.

[0035] The shrimp breeding water 10 is monitored, for example, via a water quality monitoring device 54, for a barometer of the water quality required for cultivating the cultured shrimp A. The shrimp breeding water 10 is controlled, for example, via a temperature control device 55, to a water temperature at which the cultured shrimp A can survive.

[0036] <Containment Unit 11> The accommodation unit 11 accommodates the shrimp breeding water 10 and the cultured shrimp A. The accommodation unit 11 is, for example, a fish preserve or a water tank that accommodates the cultured shrimp A.

[0037] A circulation pipe 31 for circulating, for example, drained water is connected to the storage unit 11. Shrimp breeding water 10 is circulated through the storage unit 11 via the circulation pipe 31. As the circulation pipe 31, a known water pipe such as a polyethylene pipe may be used.

[0038] The storage unit 11 is connected to, for example, a water supply pipe 32 for supplying water into the storage unit 11. Water may be supplied to the storage unit 11 from the salinity concentration adjusting unit 12 via, for example, the water supply pipe 32. As the water supply pipe 32, for example, a water pipe of the same quality as the circulation pipe 31 may be used.

[0039] The storage unit 11 is connected to, for example, a drain pipe 33 for discharging water from the storage unit 11. The storage unit 11 may drain water to, for example, the salinity concentration adjusting unit 12 via the drain pipe 33. As the drain pipe 33, for example, a water supply pipe of the same quality as the circulation pipe 31 may be used.

[0040] The storage unit 11 is supplied with water that has been filtered through, for example, a filtration device 51. The storage unit 11 is supplied with water that has been disinfected through, for example, a disinfection device 52.

[0041] <Salt concentration adjusting unit 12> The salinity adjusting unit 12 adjusts the salinity of the shrimp breeding water 10 in the storage unit 11. The salinity adjusting unit 12 may continuously decrease or increase the salinity of the shrimp breeding water 10 in the storage unit 11, or may decrease or increase it intermittently.

[0042] The salinity concentration adjusting unit 12 includes, for example, a water supply tank 13 and a wastewater tank 14.

[0043] The water supply tank 13 stores dilution water 130 having a salinity lower than that at which marine organisms can survive, for example. The water supply tank 13 supplies the dilution water 130 to the storage unit 11 via, for example, a water supply pipe 32. The dilution water 130 may be, for example, groundwater or dechlorinated tap water.

[0044] The wastewater tank 14 stores, for example, a part of the shrimp breeding water 10 discharged from the housing unit 11 as wastewater 140. The wastewater tank 14 receives the wastewater 140 discharged from the housing unit 11 via a drainage pipe 33, for example.

[0045] <Farmed shrimp A> The cultured shrimp A includes shrimp that fall under marine organisms and shrimp that fall under freshwater organisms. The cultured shrimp A also includes shrimp that fall under marine organisms and have been acclimatized to a freshwater environment by the salinity adjustment unit 12.

[0046] The cultured shrimp A is, for example, edible shrimp, and juvenile shrimp are particularly used. When juvenile shrimp are used, the cultured shrimp A can be efficiently acclimatized to the shrimp rearing water 10, which has a lower salt concentration than seawater, and is therefore suitable. Specific examples of the cultured shrimp A include Penaeidae (penguin shrimp, whiteleg shrimp, banana shrimp, etc.), Primarinae (cherry shrimp, etc.), Palaemonidae (king shrimp, botan shrimp, Pandalus gracilis, etc.), Spinylocarpus lanceolata (spiny lobster, etc.), etc.

[0047] The farmed shrimp A are automatically fed with food, for example, via an automatic feeding device 56.

[0048] <Filtration device 51> The filtering device 51 filters the water supplied to the storage unit 11. The filtering device 51 may be provided outside the storage unit 11 or may be provided inside the storage unit 11.

[0049] The filtration device 51 filters, for example, the circulating water supplied to the storage unit 11 via the circulation piping 31 or the dilution water 130 supplied to the storage unit 11 via the water supply piping 32. In this case, the filtration device 51 may be provided inside the circulation piping 31 or the water supply piping 32.

[0050] The filter device 51 includes, for example, a known filter medium, specifically a sponge for physical filtration, a porous filter medium with bacteria for biological filtration, activated carbon for chemical filtration, or the like.

[0051] <Disinfection device 52> The sterilization device 52 sterilizes the water supplied to the storage unit 11. The sterilization device 52 may be provided outside the storage unit 11 or may be provided inside the storage unit 11.

[0052] The sterilization device 52 sterilizes, for example, the circulating water supplied to the storage unit 11 via the circulation piping 31 or the dilution water 130 supplied to the storage unit 11 via the water supply piping 32. In this case, the sterilization device 52 may be provided inside the circulation piping 31 or the water supply piping 32.

[0053] The disinfection device 52 may be, for example, a known ultraviolet sterilization and purification device, an ozone generator, or a hypochlorous acid water generator.

[0054] <Bubble Generator 53> The bubble generator 53 generates oxygen nanobubble water or the like (including oxygen nanobubble water and / or oxygen microbubble water) by blowing gas containing at least oxygen into the water supplied to the container 11. The bubble generator 53 may be provided outside the container 11 or inside the container 11.

[0055] The bubble generator 53 generates oxygen nanobubble water or the like by blowing a gas containing at least oxygen into, for example, the circulating water supplied to the storage unit 11 via the circulation pipe 31 or the dilution water 130 supplied to the storage unit 11 via the water supply pipe 32. In this case, the bubble generator 53 may be provided inside the circulation pipe 31 or the water supply pipe 32.

[0056] The method for generating oxygen nanobubble water or the like using the bubble generator 53 involves pressurizing a gas such as oxygen or air, dissolving it in water supplied to the container 11 in a supersaturated state, and then rapidly reducing the pressure to generate nanobubbles or the like (including nanobubbles and microbubbles) in the liquid. Oxygen nanobubble water refers to water containing fine oxygen gas bubbles with a nano-order diameter (1 μm or less). However, in addition to the nano-order fine oxygen gas bubbles, fine oxygen gas bubbles with a micro-order diameter (1 to 100 μm) may also be contained. Alternatively, the microbubbles may be floated and separated, leaving only the nanobubbles in the liquid. The bubble generator 53 may also generate oxygen nanobubble water or the like containing oxygen as at least nano-sized fine bubbles, including either oxygen nanobubbles or air nanobubbles, or both. A specific example of oxygen nanobubble water is water containing approximately 90% of bubbles with a diameter of 200 nm or less, with an average diameter of 50 nm to 100 nm, and a bubble concentration of 2×10 8 pcs / L~6×10 9 pcs / L.

[0057] Examples of specific bubble generators 53 include a "swirl flow method" in which oxygen bubbles are created by mixing oxygen gas with water and swirling it at high speed, a "pressure dissolution method" in which oxygen bubbles are created by applying pressure to oxygen gas, dissolving it in water, and then suddenly releasing it, a "micropore method" in which oxygen bubbles are created by applying pressure to oxygen gas and passing it through micropores such as orifices, an "ultrasonic method" in which cavitation is used to cause the oxygen gas in water to expand and create oxygen bubbles, a "static mixer method" in which bubbles are created by swirling and crushing gas in a gas-liquid flow path equipped with protrusions, and an "ejector method" or "venturi method" in which bubbles are created by creating a sudden pressure change in the gas-liquid flow path. However, the method for generating oxygen nanobubble water, etc. is not particularly limited, and any method can be used as long as it can generate nanobubble water, etc. containing fine oxygen gas on the nano- or micro-order.

[0058] By turning oxygen into fine nanobubbles, the T1 relaxation time (the time from when the water movement (nuclear spin) becomes active due to nuclear magnetization until it returns to a quiet state) is improved compared to ordinary distilled water, i.e., the motility is increased, and the mobility of the substances contained in the storage unit 11 is improved. This makes it easier for the oxygen nanobubble water, the feed being fed, the farmed shrimp A, etc. to come into contact with each other within the storage unit 11, and the growth of the farmed shrimp A can be further promoted.

[0059] <Water quality monitoring device 54> The water quality monitor 54 monitors the barometer of the water quality of the shrimp breeding water 10. The water quality monitor 54 monitors, for example, the dissolved oxygen concentration (mg / L), pH (Potential Hydrogen), NH4 + Concentration (mg / L), NO2 - Concentration (mg / L), NO3 - The manager of the shrimp farming system 1 refers to the monitoring results of the water quality monitoring device 54 and, if necessary, supplies a pH adjuster such as lime water to the housing part 11 to adjust the water quality of the shrimp breeding water 10.

[0060] As the water quality monitoring device 54, for example, a known automatic water quality monitoring device may be used.

[0061] <Temperature control device 55> The temperature control device 55 controls the water temperature of the shrimp breeding water 10. As the temperature control device 55, for example, a known heater with a built-in thermostat may be used.

[0062] <Automatic Feeder 56> The automatic feeder 56 automatically supplies food to the cultured shrimp A in the shrimp breeding water 10. As the automatic feeder 56, a known automatic fish feeder may be used.

[0063] <Lighting Department 57> The lighting unit 57 irradiates the shrimp rearing water 10 with green light L. The lighting unit 57 continuously irradiates the green light L during the rearing period of the cultured shrimp A. In this case, the weight of the cultured shrimp A can be increased efficiently. This ensures that the growth of the cultured shrimp A can be promoted even in an environment with a lower salinity than seawater.

[0064] According to "New Technology: Growth Promotion of Spotted Flounder and Flatfish by Irradiating Green Light, by Takahashi Akiyoshi, Shimizu Daisuke, Tsuru Kumiko, Kiyabu Hitoshi, Mizusawa Kanta, Monthly Aquanet, April 2019 issue / separate print," it has been proven that irradiation with specific colors increases the weight of flatfish in general and is effective in promoting efficient growth. In terms of the relationship between color and growth promotion effect, it was confirmed that green, blue-green, and blue were the most effective in increasing weight in that order. In more detail, flatfish seedlings (average weight 20.6g) were stocked in three square concrete land tanks (4.5m x 4.5m, water depth approximately 30cm) with 600 fish in each tank (stocking density 30 fish / m 2The weight changes over a period of approximately one year were measured for a control group, where shrimp were housed in a greenhouse under natural light and natural photoperiod, and a group exposed to 12 hours of green LED light from Stanley Electric Co., Ltd., from 6:00 to 18:00. The average weight of the exposed group (776.1±26.2 g) was 61% higher than that of the control group (481.6±18.9 g). Thus, it was confirmed that green light irradiation using an LED as a light source can promote the growth of flounder even in aquariums used in aquaculture farms. Similar lighting equipment and illumination conditions may also be used for the shrimp farming system 1 of the present invention.

[0065] <Artificial aquatic plants 6> The artificial aquatic plants 6 are placed in advance in the storage section 11. The artificial aquatic plants 6 prevent the cultured shrimp A from swimming together in the storage section 11 and can prevent cannibalism, thereby suppressing a decrease in the survival rate of the cultured shrimp A. As the artificial aquatic plants 6, for example, artificial spawning algae such as Kinran (registered trademark) (made of vinylon) manufactured by Kyorin Corporation can be used.

[0066] According to this embodiment, the shrimp breeding water 10 contains 35 to 320 mg of Mg 2+ and 25-250 mg of Ca. 2+ and 8 to 80 mg of K. + wherein the first mass ratio is 0.7 to 5.0, the second mass ratio is 0.5 to 5.0, and the third mass ratio is 0.7 to 1.4. This makes it possible to increase the survival rate of the cultured shrimp A to 75% or more, thereby ensuring an improvement in the production efficiency of the cultured shrimp A.

[0067] Furthermore, according to this embodiment, the shrimp breeding water 10 has a third mass ratio of 0.7 to 1.3. Therefore, the survival rate of the cultured shrimp A can be increased to 78% or more. This makes it possible to further reliably improve the production efficiency of the cultured shrimp A.

[0068] Furthermore, according to this embodiment, the shrimp rearing water 10 has a first mass ratio of 0.7 to 4.0 and a second mass ratio of 0.5 to 4.0. Therefore, the survival rate of the cultured shrimp A can be increased to 82% or more. This makes it possible to further reliably improve the production efficiency of the cultured shrimp A.

[0069] Furthermore, according to this embodiment, the shrimp rearing water 10 has a first mass ratio of 1.0 to 4.0 and a second mass ratio of 1.0 to 3.0. This allows the survival rate of the cultured shrimp A to be 89% or more. This further ensures an improvement in the production efficiency of the cultured shrimp A.

[0070] Furthermore, according to this embodiment, the shrimp rearing water 10 has a first mass ratio of 1.5 to 4.0 and a second mass ratio of 2.0 to 3.0. This allows the survival rate of the cultured shrimp A to be 91% or more. This further ensures an improvement in the production efficiency of the cultured shrimp A. [Example]

[0071] The relationship between the shrimp rearing water 10 and the survival rate of the cultured shrimp A will be specifically described below in detail with reference to examples of the present invention and comparative examples using the above-described embodiment.

[0072] <Experimental conditions for survival rate of farmed shrimp A> In this experiment, the shrimp breeding water 10 in which the cultivated shrimp A was raised contained Mg as the mass of solute per 1 L of the breeding water. 2+ , Ca 2+ , K. + The production efficiency of the cultured shrimp A was confirmed by comparing the survival rates of the cultured shrimp A at each mass and mass ratio. Note that the survival rate in this example was the survival rate of the cultured shrimp A on the 90th day after the start of rearing from seed shrimp larvae. Note that green artificial aquatic plants were placed as the artificial aquatic plants 6 in the shrimp rearing water 10 in this experiment.

[0073] In this experiment, whiteleg shrimp were used as the cultivated shrimp A. Specifically, juvenile shrimp less than one month after hatching, with an average body length of approximately 0.8 cm and an average weight of approximately 0.2 g were used. The number of whiteleg shrimp used in each experiment was 2000 per condition (per test group). A 2000 L tank capable of accommodating 2000 whiteleg shrimp was used as the accommodation unit 11.

[0074] The feed for farmed shrimp A was provided using an automatic feeder, "EV500," manufactured by EVNICE fish feeder. For farmed shrimp A with a body length of 6 cm or less, feed with a protein content of approximately 38% by mass or more was provided. Similarly, for farmed shrimp A with a body length of more than 6 cm but less than 10 cm, feed with a protein content of approximately 36-38% by mass was provided. For farmed shrimp A with a body length of 10 cm or more, feed with a protein content of approximately 32-36% by mass was provided. Furthermore, since the salinity reduction period in this experiment lasted for one month from the start of farming, which corresponds to the juvenile stage of farmed shrimp A, the appropriate amount of feed for juvenile shrimp was 5% of farmed shrimp A's body weight per day, fed in nine or more increments per day.

[0075] The rearing environment for farmed shrimp A is as follows: rearing density 5 kg / m3, shrimp rearing water 10 water temperature 28-32°C, shrimp rearing water 10 dissolved oxygen content 6.5-10.0 mg / L, shrimp rearing water 10 pH 6.8-8.2, shrimp rearing water 10 NH4 + The concentration was 0.0 to 0.5 mg / L, and the NO2 - The concentration is 0.0-0.5 mg / L, and the NO3 - The concentration was adjusted to 100 mg / L or less. The shrimp breeding water 10 was circulated at 40 L / min using a water pump manufactured by Eheim GmbH & Co. KG, and air was blown using an air pump "AP-100F." The temperature inside the housing section 11 was controlled using an aquarium cooler "ZR-250" as the temperature control device 55.

[0076] Shrimp breeding water 10 contains Mg 2+ , Ca 2+ , K.+ In addition, SO4 2- Approximately 50mg / L, Sr 2+ Artificial seawater containing approximately 8 mg / L of strontium ions and a salinity of approximately 3.2% was used. During the breeding period, the SO4 2- Concentration, Sr 2+ The concentration and salinity were not intentionally increased or decreased.

[0077] The solute mass in the shrimp breeding water 10 compared in this experiment is Mg per 1 L of breeding water. 2+ 25 to 350 mg, Ca 2+ 20 to 320 mg, K + was set in multiple combinations selected between 5 and 90 mg.

[0078] Also, Mg 2+ , Ca 2+ , K. + For each of the first mass ratios (Mg 2+ mass / K + mass), second mass ratio (Ca 2+ mass / K + mass), and the third mass ratio (Mg 2+ mass / Ca 2+ The survival rate of farmed shrimp A was calculated as follows: over 60% was evaluated as "Good" and less than 60% was evaluated as "Poor." 2+ , Ca 2+ , K. + The mass combinations and mass ratios were confirmed.

[0079] <Experimental results on survival rate of farmed shrimp A> The results of this experiment are shown in Table 1.

[0080] [Table 1]

[0081] According to Table 1, the survival rates of the vannamei shrimp in each example with an "Evaluation: ○" were as follows: Inventive Example 1 (Mg2+ : 240 mg / L, Ca 2+ : 180 mg / L, K + :60mg / L) was 99%, and Example 2 of the present invention (Mg 2+ : 45 mg / L, Ca 2+ :60mg / L, K + :30mg / L) was 92%, and Example 3 of the present invention (Mg 2+ : 40 mg / L, Ca 2+ :60mg / L, K + :20mg / L) was 91%, and Example 4 of the present invention (Mg 2+ : 30 mg / L, Ca 2+ :30mg / L, K + :30mg / L) was 89%, and Example 5 of the present invention (Mg 2+ : 40 mg / L, Ca 2+ :30mg / L, K + :60mg / L) was 86%, and Example 6 of the present invention (Mg 2+ : 200mg / L, Ca 2+ :200mg / L, K + : 50 mg / L) was 82%, and Example 7 of the present invention (Mg 2+ : 200mg / L, Ca 2+ : 120 mg / L, K + : 40 mg / L) was 78%, and Example 8 of the present invention (Mg 2+ : 320 mg / L, Ca 2+ :250mg / L, K + :80mg / L) was 78%, and Example 9 of the present invention (Mg 2+ : 35 mg / L, Ca 2+ :25mg / L, K + :8mg / L) was 76%, and Example 10 of the present invention (Mg 2+ : 60 mg / L, Ca 2+ : 50mg / L, K + The survival rate of these invention examples 1 to 10 was over 60%, and therefore they were given an "evaluation: good".

[0082] In Examples 1 to 10 of the present invention, the shrimp breeding water 10 contains 35 to 320 mg of Mg as the mass of solute per 1 L of breeding water. 2+ and 25-250 mg of Ca. 2+ and 8 to 80 mg of K. +wherein the first mass ratio is 0.7 to 5.0, the second mass ratio is 0.5 to 5.0, and the third mass ratio is 0.7 to 1.4. As a result, the survival rate of the cultured shrimp A can be increased to 75% or more. This makes it possible to reliably improve the production efficiency of the cultured shrimp A.

[0083] In particular, it was confirmed that even higher survival rates were achieved, with a survival rate of 78% or higher when the third mass ratio was 0.7 to 1.3 (Invention Examples 1 to 8), a survival rate of 82% or higher when the first mass ratio was 0.7 to 4.0 and the second mass ratio was 0.5 to 4.0 (Invention Examples 1 to 6), a survival rate of 89% or higher when the first mass ratio was 1.0 to 4.0 and the second mass ratio was 1.0 to 3.0 (Invention Examples 1 to 4), and a survival rate of 91% or higher when the first mass ratio was 1.5 to 4.0 and the second mass ratio was 2.0 to 3.0 (Invention Examples 1 to 3).This further ensures an improvement in the production efficiency of cultured shrimp A.

[0084] The survival rates of the vannamei shrimp in each example with an "Evaluation: ×" were as follows: Comparative Example 1 (with Mg 2+ : 320 mg / L, Ca 2+ :250mg / L, K + :90mg / L) is 52%, Comparative Example 2 (Mg 2+ : 320 mg / L, Ca 2+ :260mg / L, K + :80mg / L) is 52%, Comparative Example 3 (Mg 2+ : 350 mg / L, Ca 2+ :320mg / L, K + :80mg / L) is 48%, Comparative Example 4 (Mg 2+ : 30 mg / L, Ca 2+ :35mg / L, K + :8mg / L) was 32%, Comparative Example 5 (Mg 2+ : 35 mg / L, Ca 2+ :20mg / L, K + :8mg / L) was 30%, Comparative Example 6 (Mg 2+ : 320 mg / L, Ca 2+ :20mg / L, K + :80mg / L) was 12%, Comparative Example 7 (Mg 2+ : 350 mg / L, Ca 2+:35mg / L, K + :8mg / L) is 8%, Comparative Example 8 (Mg 2+ : 35 mg / L, Ca 2+ :260mg / L, K + :8mg / L) is 8%, Comparative Example 9 (Mg 2+ : 35 mg / L, Ca 2+ :25mg / L, K + :90mg / L) is 5%, Comparative Example 10 (Mg 2+ :25mg / L, Ca 2+ :35mg / L, K + : 5mg / L) is 5%, Comparative Example 11 (Mg 2+ : 250 mg / L, Ca 2+ :320mg / L, K + :5mg / L) was 4%, Comparative Example 12 (Mg 2+ : 30 mg / L, Ca 2+ :320mg / L, K + :80mg / L) was 2%.

[0085] In Comparative Example 1, K + Since the concentration of the nitrite exceeds 80 mg / L, the survival rate of the cultured shrimp A cannot be increased, and the production efficiency of the cultured shrimp A cannot be reliably improved.

[0086] In Comparative Example 2, Ca 2+ Since the concentration exceeds 250 mg / L, the survival rate of the cultured shrimp A cannot be increased, and the production efficiency of the cultured shrimp A cannot be reliably improved.

[0087] In Comparative Example 3, Mg 2+ Since the concentration exceeds 320 mg / L, the survival rate of the cultured shrimp A cannot be increased, and the production efficiency of the cultured shrimp A cannot be reliably improved.

[0088] In Comparative Example 4, Mg 2+ Since the concentration is less than 35 mg / L, the survival rate of the cultured shrimp A cannot be increased, and the production efficiency of the cultured shrimp A cannot be reliably improved.

[0089] In Comparative Example 5, Ca 2+Since the concentration is less than 25 mg / L, the survival rate of the cultured shrimp A cannot be increased, and the production efficiency of the cultured shrimp A cannot be reliably improved.

[0090] In Comparative Example 6, Ca 2+ Since the concentration is less than 25 mg / L, the survival rate of the cultured shrimp A cannot be increased, and the production efficiency of the cultured shrimp A cannot be reliably improved.

[0091] In Comparative Example 7, Mg 2+ Since the concentration exceeds 320 mg / L, the survival rate of the cultured shrimp A cannot be increased, and the production efficiency of the cultured shrimp A cannot be reliably improved.

[0092] In Comparative Example 8, Ca 2+ Since the concentration exceeds 250 mg / L, the survival rate of the cultured shrimp A cannot be increased, and the production efficiency of the cultured shrimp A cannot be reliably improved.

[0093] In Comparative Example 9, K + Since the concentration of the nitrite exceeds 80 mg / L, the survival rate of the cultured shrimp A cannot be increased, and the production efficiency of the cultured shrimp A cannot be reliably improved.

[0094] In Comparative Example 10, K + Since the concentration is less than 8 mg / L, the survival rate of the cultured shrimp A cannot be increased, and the production efficiency of the cultured shrimp A cannot be reliably improved.

[0095] In Comparative Example 11, K + Since the concentration is less than 8 mg / L, the survival rate of the cultured shrimp A cannot be increased, and the production efficiency of the cultured shrimp A cannot be reliably improved.

[0096] In Comparative Example 12, Mg 2+ Since the concentration is less than 35 mg / L, the survival rate of the cultured shrimp A cannot be increased, and the production efficiency of the cultured shrimp A cannot be reliably improved.

[0097] That is, the shrimp rearing water 10 suitable for improving the survival rate of the cultured shrimp A has a solute mass of 35 to 320 mg Mg per 1 L of rearing water. 2+ and 25-250 mg of Ca. 2+ and 8 to 80 mg of K. + and wherein the first mass ratio is 0.7 to 5.0, the second mass ratio is 0.5 to 5.0, and the third mass ratio is 0.7 to 1.4. More preferably, the third mass ratio is 0.7 to 1.3, even more preferably, the first mass ratio is 0.7 to 4.0 and the second mass ratio is 0.5 to 4.0, even more preferably, the first mass ratio is 1.0 to 4.0 and the second mass ratio is 1.0 to 3.0, and even more preferably, the first mass ratio is 1.5 to 4.0 and the second mass ratio is 2.0 to 3.0.

[0098] Although several embodiments of the present invention have been described, these embodiments are presented as examples and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. These novel embodiments can be embodied in various other forms, and various omissions, substitutions, and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. These embodiments and their modifications are included within the scope and spirit of the invention, and are also included in the scope of the invention and its equivalents as defined in the claims. [Explanation of symbols]

[0099] 1. Shrimp farming system 10 Shrimp breeding water 11 Storage section 12 Salt concentration adjustment section 13 Water tank 130 diluted water 14 Wastewater tank 140 Wastewater 31 Circulation Pipe 32 Water supply pipe 33 Drainage pipe 51 Filtration equipment 52 Sterilizer 53 Bubble Generator 54 Water quality monitoring equipment 55 Temperature control device 56 Automatic Feeder 57 Lighting Department A. Farmed shrimp

Claims

1. Shrimp breeding water used for breeding shrimp, The mass of solute per 1 L of breeding water is: 35-320 mg of Mg 2+ and, 25-250 mg of Ca 2+ and, 8 to 80 mg of K + and, Including, K + Mg relative to the mass of 2+ a first mass ratio indicating a mass ratio of K + Ca relative to the mass of 2+ a second mass ratio of 0.5 to 5.0; Ca 2+ Mg relative to the mass of 2+ The third mass ratio, which indicates the ratio of the masses of the above, is 0.7 to 1.

4. Shrimp breeding water characterized by:

2. the third mass ratio is 0.7 to 1.3; The shrimp breeding water according to claim 1, characterized in that:

3. the first mass ratio is 0.7 to 4.0; the second mass ratio is 0.5 to 4.0; 3. The shrimp breeding water according to claim 1 or 2,

4. the first mass ratio is 1.0 to 4.0; the second mass ratio is 1.0 to 3.0; 3. The shrimp breeding water according to claim 1 or 2,

5. the first mass ratio is 1.5 to 4.0; the second mass ratio is 2.0 to 3.0; 3. The shrimp breeding water according to claim 1 or 2,

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