Wooden composite structure

Abstract

To provide a wooden composite structure obtained by integrating wooden members and concrete members while minimizing cross-sectional defects in the wooden members, and having superior structural performance.SOLUTION: A wooden composite structure 1 is obtained by integrating a wooden beam 10 and a floor slab 20. The wooden beam 10 is joined to the floor slab 20 by joint metals 30 provided at predetermined intervals on a joint surface 11 of the wooden beam 10 with the floor slab 20. The joint metal 30 comprises: a flat plate part 31 fixed to the joint surface 11 of the wooden beam 10 by screws 40; and a stud 32 extending substantially perpendicular from the flat plate portion 31 to the joint surface 11 of the wooden beam 10. The joint metal 30 is embedded in the floor slab 20.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a wooden composite structure in which wooden members and concrete members are integrated. [Background technology]

[0002] BACKGROUND ART Conventionally, there have been wooden composite structures in which wooden beams and concrete floor members are integrated together (see Patent Documents 1 to 3). Patent Document 1 shows a beam-floor joint structure that includes a wooden beam and a concrete slab supported by the wooden beam. A connecting rod is driven into the wooden beam, and the top of this connecting rod is inserted into a through-hole in the concrete slab, which is filled with a cement-based filler. In this state, the wooden beam and the concrete slab are integrated by the connecting rod.

[0003] Patent Document 2 shows a floor structure having wooden beams and a deck slab whose ends are supported by the wooden beams. The deck slab has a plate-like member made of lightweight aerated concrete and steel plates attached to the top and bottom surfaces of the plate-like member. Patent Document 3 shows a reinforcement structure for wooden members, which includes a wooden beam and a concrete slab placed on the top surface of the wooden beam. An upper groove extending along the material axis is formed on the top surface of the wooden beam, and an upper steel plate is inserted into this groove and filled with adhesive. A plurality of studs protrude from the upper end of the upper steel plate. The upper end of the upper steel plate and the plurality of studs are each embedded in the concrete slab. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2014-118674 [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2015-218504 [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2023-126339 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] The present invention aims to provide a wooden composite structure that has excellent structural performance by integrating wooden members and concrete members while minimizing cross-sectional defects that occur in the wooden members. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] The inventors arrived at the present invention by focusing on the fact that, as a composite wood structure in which wood members and concrete members are integrated, by placing a metal joint having a flat portion and a protruding portion on the joint surface between the wood members and the concrete members and embedding this metal joint in the concrete members, it is possible to construct a composite wood structure with excellent structural performance while minimizing cross-sectional defects that occur in the wood members. The first invention of the wooden composite structure (for example, wooden composite structures 1, 1A, and 1B described later) is a wooden composite structure in which wooden members (for example, wooden beam 10 and wooden walls 10A and 10B described later) and concrete members (for example, floor slab 20, reinforced concrete column 20A, and reinforced concrete wall 20B described later) are integrated together. The concrete members are floor slabs, columns, beams, and walls, and the wooden members have joint surfaces (for example, joint surfaces 11 described later) between the wooden members and the concrete members. The wooden members are joined to the concrete members by connecting metal fittings (for example, connecting metal fittings 30, angle irons 50, and channel irons 51 described below) provided at predetermined intervals on the wooden members, and the connecting metal fittings have flat plate portions (for example, flat plate portions 31 and 52 described below) fixed to the joining surface of the wooden members with fixing members (for example, screws 40), and protruding portions (for example, studs 32 and protruding portions 53 described below) extending from the flat plate portions approximately perpendicular to the joining surface of the wooden members, and the connecting metal fittings are embedded in the concrete members.

[0007] According to this invention, the flat part of the metal joint is fixed to the joint surface of the wooden members with a fixing member, and the protruding part of this metal joint is embedded in the concrete member (floor slab, column, beam, wall), thereby integrating the wooden members with the concrete member. This makes it possible to realize a wooden composite structure with excellent structural performance in which the wooden members and the concrete members are integrated while minimizing the cross-sectional loss that occurs in the wooden members. Furthermore, since the protruding portion is embedded in the concrete member and the flat portion is fixed to the wooden member with a fixing member, a force acts in a direction that separates the joint surfaces between the wooden member and the concrete member, and even if a pulling force acts on the protruding portion, the joint surfaces between the wooden member and the concrete member can be prevented from opening. Furthermore, since at least a portion of the surface of the wooden members is covered with concrete, the amount of fire-resistant covering material used to cover the wooden members can be reduced, thereby reducing construction costs. Furthermore, after attaching the metal joints to the wooden members, waterproofing of the wooden members can be achieved simply by applying waterproof paint to the exposed parts of the wooden members and the metal joints.

[0008] The wooden composite structure of the second invention is characterized in that the joint surfaces of the wooden members are smooth surfaces.

[0009] According to this invention, the joining surfaces of the wooden members are made smooth, so the flat plate portion of the metal joint can be placed in close contact with the smooth joining surfaces of the wooden members. As a result, the concrete of the concrete member engages with the side surface (thickness of the plate) of the flat plate, and if a force acts in the direction that would cause the joining surfaces of the wooden members and the concrete members to shift, the side surface (thickness of the plate) of the flat plate functions as a bearing surface, reliably preventing the wooden members from shifting.

[0010] The wood composite structure of the third invention is characterized in that the connecting metal is, when viewed from the side, either an inverted T-shape (for example, connecting metal 30 described below), an L-shape (for example, angle iron 50 described below), or a U-shape (for example, channel iron 51 described below).

[0011] According to this invention, the metal connectors are either upside down T-shaped, L-shaped, or U-shaped. Therefore, commercially available general-purpose products such as plates, studs, angle irons, and channel irons can be used as metal connectors, allowing for low-cost construction of composite wooden structures. In particular, when angle irons or channel irons are used as metal connectors, there is no need to weld protrusions to flat plates to create the metal connectors, making it possible to build composite wooden structures with excellent structural performance at low cost. [Effects of the Invention]

[0012] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a composite wooden structure that has excellent structural performance by integrating wooden members and concrete members while minimizing cross-sectional defects that occur in wooden members. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0013] [Figure 1] 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a composite wooden structure according to a first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] 2 is a cross-sectional view of the composite wood structure of FIG. 1 along the line A-A. [Figure 3] BB cross-sectional view of the wood composite structure of FIG. 1. [Figure 4] FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the area surrounded by the dashed line C in the composite wood structure of FIG. 1. [Figure 5] FIG. 5 is a DD cross-sectional view of the wood composite structure of FIG. 4. [Figure 6] 5 is an E-E cross-sectional view of the wood composite structure of FIG. 4. [Figure 7] FIG. 4 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a composite wooden structure according to a second embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 8] 8 is an FF cross-sectional view of the wooden composite structure 1A of FIG. 7. [Figure 9] FIG. 10 is a front view of a composite wooden structure according to a third embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 10] 10 is an enlarged view of the area surrounded by the dashed line G in the composite wooden structure of FIG. 9. [Figure 11] 11 is a cross-sectional view of the wood composite structure of FIG. 10 . [Figure 12]FIG. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a composite wooden structure according to a first modified example of the present invention. [Figure 13] FIG. 10 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a composite wooden structure according to a second modified example of the present invention. [Figure 14] FIG. 10 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a composite wooden structure according to a third modified example of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0014] The present invention is a composite wooden structure in which wooden members (wooden beams, wooden walls) and concrete members (floor slabs, columns, beams, walls) are integrated. In the composite wooden structure of the present invention, a metal joint having a flat portion and a protrusion is placed on the joint surfaces of the wooden members, and this metal joint is embedded in the concrete members. The first embodiment is a composite wooden structure in which a concrete member (floor slab) is joined onto a wooden member (wooden beam). The second embodiment is a composite wooden structure in which a concrete member (reinforced concrete column) is joined to the side end surface of a wooden member (wooden wall). The third embodiment is a composite wooden structure in which a concrete member (reinforced concrete wall) is joined to the side surface of a wooden member (wooden wall). DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following description of the embodiments, the same components will be denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted or simplified.

[0015] [First embodiment] Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a composite wooden structure 1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the composite wooden structure 1 taken along line AA in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the composite wooden structure 1 taken along line BB in Fig. 1. The wooden composite structure 1 is an integrated structure in which wooden beams 10 as wooden members and reinforced concrete floor slabs 20 as concrete members are integrated. The wooden beam 10 is made of CLT (Cross Laminated Timber). This wooden beam 10 is joined to the floor slab 20 by metal joints 30 provided at predetermined intervals on the joint surface 11 of the wooden beam 10 where the wooden beam 10 joins the floor slab 20. The joint surface 11 of the wooden beam 10 where the wooden beam 10 joins the floor slab 20 is a smooth, flat surface.

[0016] Fig. 4 is an enlarged view of the portion of the composite wooden structure 1 in Fig. 1 surrounded by dashed line C. Fig. 5 is a DD cross-sectional view of the composite wooden structure 1 in Fig. 4. Fig. 6 is an EE cross-sectional view of the composite wooden structure 1 in Fig. 4. The connecting hardware 30 comprises a flat plate portion 31 fixed to the joint surface 11 of the wooden beam 10 with four rod-shaped screws 40 as fixing members, and a stud 32 as a protrusion extending approximately perpendicularly from approximately the center of the flat plate portion 31 to the joint surface 11 of the wooden beam 10. As the rod-shaped stud 32 is provided approximately in the center of the flat plate portion 31, the connecting hardware 30 has an approximately upside-down T-shape in side view. This connecting hardware 30 is embedded in the concrete body of the floor slab 20.

[0017] Through holes 33 are formed in the four corners of the flat plate portion 31. The flat plate portion 31 is fixed to the wooden beam 10 by inserting screws 40 into the through holes 33 and driving them into the wooden beam 10. The stud 32 is provided perpendicular to the flat plate portion 31 at approximately the center of the flat plate portion 31 . Specifically, the thickness of the flat plate portion 31 is about 6 mm to 20 mm, the outer diameter of the stud 32 is about 20 mm, and the diameter of the screw 40 is about 8 mm.

[0018] According to this embodiment, the following effects are obtained. (1) The flat plate portion 31 of the connecting hardware 30 is fixed to the connecting surface 11 of the wooden beam 10 with screws 40, and the studs 32 of this connecting hardware 30 are embedded in the floor slab 20, thereby integrating the wooden beam 10 and the floor slab 20. This minimizes cross-sectional defects that occur in the wooden beam 10, and realizes a wooden composite structure 1 with excellent structural performance in which the wooden beam 10 and the floor slab 20 are integrated. Furthermore, since the studs 32 are embedded in the floor slab 20 and the flat plate portion 31 is fixed to the wooden beam 10 with four screws 40, a force acts in the direction separating the joint surfaces of the wooden beam 10 and the floor slab 20, and even if a pull-out force acts on the studs 32, the opening of the joint surfaces of the wooden beam 10 and the floor slab 20 can be prevented. Furthermore, since at least a portion of the surface of the wooden beam 10 is covered with concrete, the amount of fire-resistant covering material used to cover the wooden beam 10 can be reduced, thereby reducing construction costs. Furthermore, after attaching the metal joints 30 onto the wooden beams 10, waterproofing of the wooden beams can be achieved simply by applying waterproof paint to the exposed parts of the wooden beams 10 and the metal joints 30.

[0019] (2) Because the joint surface 11 of the wooden beam 10 is a smooth surface, the flat plate portion 31 of the connecting hardware 30 can be placed in close contact with the smooth joint surface 11 of the wooden beam 10. As a result, the concrete of the floor slab 20 engages with the side surface (thickness portion) of the flat plate portion 31, so that if a force acts in a direction that would cause the joint surface between the wooden beam 10 and the floor slab 20 to shift, the side surface (thickness portion) of the flat plate portion 31 functions as a bearing surface, thereby reliably preventing the wooden beam 10 and the floor slab 20 from shifting. (3) The metal joints 30 can be manufactured using general-purpose products available on the market, such as boards and studs, so the wooden composite structure 1 can be realized at low cost.

[0020] Second Embodiment Fig. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view of a composite wooden structure 1A according to a second embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 8 is an FF sectional view of the composite wooden structure 1A of Fig. 7. This embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that a wooden wall 10A as a wooden member and a reinforced concrete column 20A as a concrete member are integrated with a metal joint 30. According to this embodiment, the same effects as those (1) to (3) above are obtained.

[0021] Third Embodiment Fig. 9 is a front view of a composite wooden structure 1B according to a third embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 10 is an enlarged view of a portion of the composite wooden structure 1B in Fig. 9 surrounded by a dashed line G. Fig. 11 is a cross-sectional view of the composite wooden structure 1B in Fig. 10 taken along line HH. This embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that a wooden wall 10B as a wooden member and a reinforced concrete wall 20B as a concrete member are integrated with a metal joint 30. The wooden wall 10B and the reinforced concrete wall 20B are provided between a floor slab 21 and a reinforced concrete beam 22, both of which are reinforced concrete structures. According to this embodiment, the same effects as those (1) to (3) above are obtained.

[0022] The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and modifications and improvements within the scope of achieving the object of the present invention are included in the present invention. For example, in each of the above-described embodiments, a stud 32 is provided as a protrusion on the flat plate portion 31, but this is not limited to this. As shown in FIG. 12, a steel plate 34 may be provided as a protrusion on the flat plate portion 31 (first modified example).

[0023] In addition, in each of the above-described embodiments, the connecting hardware 30 is composed of a flat plate portion 31 and a stud 32. However, this is not limited to this. As shown in FIG. 13 , an angle iron 50 having a substantially L-shape in side view may be used as the connecting hardware (second modified example). The angle iron 50 includes a flat plate portion 52 fixed to the joining surface 11 of the wooden beam 10 with a screw 40, and a plate-like protrusion 53 extending upward from one end of the flat plate portion 52 and embedded in the floor slab 20. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 14 , a channel steel 51 having a substantially U-shape in side view may be used as the connecting hardware 30 (third modified example). The channel steel 51 includes a flat plate portion 52 fixed to the joining surface 11 of the wooden beam 10 with a screw 40, and a pair of plate-like protrusions 53 extending upward from both ends of the flat plate portion 52 and embedded in the floor slab 20. In this way, general-purpose products available on the market, such as angle irons 50 and channel irons 51, can be used as connecting hardware, eliminating the need to manufacture connecting hardware by welding studs 32 to flat plate portions 31, and realizing a wooden composite structure with excellent structural performance at lower cost.

[0024] In addition, in the above-described modifications 1 to 3, through holes may be provided in the plate material 34 and the protruding portion 53 in order to improve the unity with the concrete. Furthermore, in each of the above-described embodiments, the wooden members and the concrete members are integrated using only one type of metal joint 30, 50, 51, but this is not limiting, and a combination of a plurality of metal joints 30, 50, 51 may also be used. [Explanation of symbols]

[0025] 1, 1A, 1B…Wood composite structure 10... Wooden beam (wooden member) 10A, 10B... Wooden wall (wooden member) 11... Joint surface 20...Floor slab (concrete member) 20A...Reinforced concrete column (concrete member) 20B...Reinforced concrete wall (concrete member) 21...Floor slab 22...Reinforced concrete beam 30...Connecting metal fitting 31...Flat plate portion 32...Stud (protruding portion) 33...Through hole 34...Plate (protruding portion) 40...Screw (fixing member) 50...Angle iron (connecting metal) 51...Channel iron (connecting metal) 52...Flat plate part 53...Protrusion part

Claims

1. A wooden composite structure in which wooden members and concrete members are integrated, the concrete member is any one of a floor slab, a column, a beam, and a wall; The wooden members are joined to the concrete members by metal joints provided at predetermined intervals on the joint surfaces of the wooden members with the concrete members, The metal joint comprises a flat plate portion fixed to the joint surface of the wooden members by a fixing member, and a protrusion extending from the flat plate portion substantially perpendicular to the joint surface of the wooden members, A wooden composite structure characterized in that the connecting metal is embedded in the concrete member.

2. 2. The wooden composite structure according to claim 1, wherein the joint surfaces of the wooden members are smooth.

3. 3. The composite wooden structure according to claim 1, wherein the metal joints are either upside down T-shaped, L-shaped, or U-shaped when viewed from the side.

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