Method and communication device for transmitting physical layer protocol data unit

Abstract

To provide a method and a communication device for transmitting a physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU) applied to a wireless local area network system.SOLUTION: Provided is a method applicable to a scenario where PPDU alignment is required, in which a transmitter controls the duration of one or more of the Packet Extension (PE) field, Extremely High Throughput Signal (EHT-SIG) field, and Extremely High Throughput Long Training field (EHT-LTF) field of a PPDU and / or delays the transmission time of the PPDU such that the error between the end time of the PPDU and a specific time (e.g., a first time) is not greater than an error threshold, thereby implementing PPDU alignment.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 5

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present application relates to the field of wireless local area networks, and more particularly to a method and communication device for transmitting physical layer protocol data units in a wireless local area network.

[0002] This application claims the benefit of priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202110949948.1, titled "METHOD FOR SENDING PHYSICAL LAYER PROTOCOL DATA UNIT AND COMMUNICATION APPARATUS," filed with the State Intellectual Property Office of the People's Republic of China on August 18, 2021, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. [Background technology]

[0003] Wireless local area networks (WLANs) have evolved from 802.11a / b / g, 802.11n, 802.11ac, and 802.11ax to the industry-discussed 802.11be. Currently, there are two EHT PPDU formats defined in 802.11be: the extremely high throughput multiple user physical layer protocol data unit (EHT MU PPDU) and the extremely high throughput trigger-based physical layer protocol data unit (EHT TB PPDU). The EHT MU PPDU can support single-user (downlink or uplink) and multi-user (downlink) data transmission. An EHT TB PPDU is a PPDU that is triggered to be transmitted by one or more stations (STAs) based on scheduling information in a trigger frame transmitted by an access point (AP).

[0004] However, in current wireless communications, there are many scenarios where PPDU alignment is required. Specifically, the time interval between the PPDU end time and the target end time must be less than a certain error threshold. For example, in non-simultaneous transmit and receive (non-STR) multi-link (ML) transmission, the time error for simultaneous ending of PPDUs on multiple links (e.g., Link 1 and Link 2) is generally required to be no more than 8 microseconds. However, when trigger frames are present in PPDUs on different links and carrier monitoring is performed before the transmission of the TB PPDU triggered by the trigger frame, the time error for simultaneous ending of PPDUs on different links is generally required to be no more than 4 microseconds.

[0005] However, the coding procedures for the existing EHT MU PPDU and the existing EHT TB PPDU do not take time constraints into account. For example, PPDUs on different links are encoded based on their required durations. In the current situation, the requirements for PPDU alignment cannot be met. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present application provides a method and a communication device for transmitting PPDUs to implement PPDU alignment.

[0007] According to a first aspect, a method for transmitting a PPDU is provided. The method may be applied to a transmitter for wireless communication, or may be applied to a transmitter chip or chip system. The following uses a transmitter as an example. In the method, The transmitter controls a duration of one or more of a Packet Extension PE field, a Very High Throughput Signal EHT-SIG field, and a Very High Throughput Long Training field EHT-LTF field of the first PPDU, and / or delaying the transmission time of the first PPDU so that an error between the end time of the first PPDU and a first time is not greater than an error threshold; and The transmitter transmits the first PPDU. This method

[0008] In the technical solution of the present application, the transmitter controls the duration of one or more of the PE field, EHT-SIG field, and EHT-LTF field of the PPDU (e.g., the first PPDU) so that the error between the end time of the PPDU and a specific time (e.g., the first time) is not greater than an error threshold, and / or delays the transmission time of the PPDU to align the end time of the PPDU with the first time.

[0009] The solution in this application is applicable to some scenarios with time constraints (or scenarios where PPDU alignment is required), for example, transmission of PPDUs in non-STR ML transmissions.

[0010] Referring to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the first PPDU includes a preamble, a data field, and the PE field, the duration of the PE field is determined based on a first duration, the duration of the preamble of the first PPDU, and the duration of the symbols in the data field, and the first duration is the duration between the first time and the start time of the first PPDU.

[0011] In this implementation, considering that the duration granularity of the PE field is a multiple of 4 microseconds, the alignment between the end time of the first PPDU and the first time is performed by using the duration of the PE field, which can meet the alignment requirement with a relatively small error threshold, for example, 4 microseconds or 8 microseconds.

[0012] Referring to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the number of symbols in the data field is determined based on the first duration, the duration of the preamble, and the duration of the symbols in the data field.

[0013] Referring to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the first PPDU includes a preamble, a data field, and the PE field, the preamble includes the EHT-SIG field, and the EHT-SIG field includes an initial portion and a padding portion.

[0014] The duration of the padding portion in the EHT-SIG field is determined based on a first duration, an initial duration of the preamble, a duration of the PE field, and a duration of a symbol in the data field, wherein the initial duration of the preamble does not include the duration of the padding portion in the EHT-SIG field, and the first duration is the duration between the first time and a start time of the first PPDU.

[0015] The duration of the padding portion is a multiple of 4 microseconds.

[0016] In this implementation, considering that the duration of one symbol in the EHT-SIG field is 4 microseconds and that the EHT-SIG field allows all symbols to be padded bits, the EHT-SIG field is padded, so that the end time of the first PPDU can be aligned with the first time. In addition, compared to aligning the first PPDU by using the PE field, the duration of the PE field can be shortened, and the selection of the pre-forward error correction padding factor can be simplified.

[0017] Referring to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the number of symbols in the data field is determined based on the first duration, the initial duration of the preamble, the duration of the PE field, and the duration of the symbols in the data field.

[0018] Referring to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the EHT-SIG field of the first PPDU carries a low-density parity check (LDPC) additional symbol segment field, the LDPC additional symbol segment field is set to a second value, the EHT-SIG field carries a second pre-forward error correction (PFEC) padding factor, the second value indicating that an LDPC additional symbol segment does not need to be added, the LDPC additional symbol segment field is set when an LDPC additional symbol segment condition is not met, and the LDPC additional symbol segment condition is set based on the second pre-forward error correction (PFEC) padding factor, and the second pre-forward error correction (PFEC) padding factor is determined based on the duration of the PE field and a nominal packet padding capability of a receiver.

[0019] In one implementation, the transmitter selects a duration of the PE field of the first PPDU based on the constraint on the first time. Furthermore, the transmitter selects a second pre-forward error correction padding factor based on the selected duration of the PE field and the nominal packet padding capability of the receiver, determines whether an LDPC additional symbol segment condition is met based on the second pre-forward error correction padding factor, and sets the LDPC additional symbol segment field if the LDPC additional symbol segment condition is not met. In this implementation, alignment between the first PPDU and the first time can be guaranteed. Thus, transmission of the PPDU in a scenario where PPDU alignment is required can be fulfilled.

[0020] Referring to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the EHT-SIG field of the first PPDU carries an LDPC additional symbol segment field, where the LDPC additional symbol segment field is set to be a first value, the EHT-SIG field carries a second pre-forward error correction padding factor, where the first value indicates that an LDPC additional symbol segment needs to be added, the LDPC additional symbol segment field is set when an LDPC additional symbol segment condition is met, and the LDPC additional symbol segment condition is set based on the first pre-forward error correction padding factor. The first pre-forward error correction padding factor is determined based on the duration of the PE field and the nominal packet padding capability of the receiver.

[0021] In one implementation, the transmitter selects the duration of the PE field of the first PPDU based on the constraint on the first time. Furthermore, the transmitter selects a second pre-forward error correction padding factor based on the selected duration of the PE field and the receiver's nominal packet padding capability, and determines the first pre-forward error correction padding factor based on the second pre-forward error correction padding factor. The transmitter determines whether an LDPC additional symbol segment condition is met based on the first pre-forward error correction padding factor, and sets the LDPC additional symbol segment field if the LDPC additional symbol segment condition is met. In this implementation, alignment between the first PPDU and the first time can be guaranteed. Thus, transmission of the PPDU in scenarios where PPDU alignment is required can be fulfilled.

[0022] Referring to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the EHT-SIG field of the first PPDU carries an LDPC additional symbol segment field, where the LDPC additional symbol segment field is set to be a second value, the EHT-SIG field carries a first pre-forward error correction padding factor, where the second value indicates that an LDPC additional symbol segment does not need to be added, the LDPC additional symbol segment field is set when an LDPC additional symbol segment condition is not met, and the LDPC additional symbol segment condition is set based on the first pre-forward error correction padding factor. The first pre-forward error correction padding factor is determined based on the duration of the PE field and the nominal packet padding capability of the receiver.

[0023] In one implementation, the transmitter selects the duration of the PE field of the first PPDU based on the constraint on the first time. Furthermore, the transmitter selects a second pre-forward error correction padding factor based on the selected duration of the PE field and the receiver's nominal packet padding capability, and determines the first pre-forward error correction padding factor based on the second pre-forward error correction padding factor. The transmitter determines whether an LDPC additional symbol segment condition is met based on the first pre-forward error correction padding factor, and sets the LDPC additional symbol segment field if the LDPC additional symbol segment condition is not met. In this implementation, alignment between the first PPDU and the first time can be guaranteed. Thus, transmission of the PPDU in scenarios where PPDU alignment is required can be fulfilled.

[0024] In some implementations of the above, the first pre-forward error correction padding factor is determined based on the second pre-forward error correction padding factor, and the first PPDU is coded using the first pre-forward error correction padding factor, so that the duration available for a receiver to decode the first PPDU is extended compared to when the first PPDU is coded using the second pre-forward error correction padding factor.

[0025] Referring to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the EHT-SIG field of the first PPDU carries an LDPC additional symbol segment field, where the LDPC additional symbol segment field is set to be a first value, the EHT-SIG field carries a second pre-forward error correction padding factor, where the first value indicates that an LDPC additional symbol segment needs to be added, and the second pre-forward error correction padding factor is determined based on the duration of the PE field and the nominal packet padding capability of the receiver.

[0026] In this implementation, based on the first time constraint, the transmitter selects the duration of the PE field and selects a second pre-forward error correction padding factor based on the selected duration of the PE field and the receiver's requirements for nominal packet padding capability. Based on this, the LDPC additional symbol segment condition is met by default, and the transmitter sets the LDPC additional symbol segment field. Compared with another implementation in which the transmitter needs to calculate whether the LDPC additional symbol segment condition is met to further determine the pre-forward error correction padding factor, in this implementation the procedure for selecting the pre-forward error correction padding factor is significantly simplified, and the computational complexity and amount are reduced.

[0027] In addition, for example, in the above implementation, the first value may be "1" and the second value may be "0". It is clear that the first value and the second value may be further set to other values ​​or characters to identify whether an LDPC additional symbol segment is added. This is not limited.

[0028] Referring to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the first pre-forward error correction padding factor and the second pre-forward error correction padding factor satisfy the following equation:

number

[0029] Referring to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the duration of the PE field is increased by 4 microseconds, and the duration of the PE field is increased by 4 microseconds in the following cases: The LDPC additional symbol segment condition is met, and after the LDPC additional symbol segment is added, the requirement for the receiver's nominal packet padding capability is not met, the remaining duration is 4 microseconds or more, and the duration of the PE field does not reach the maximum allowed duration.

[0030] The LDPC additional symbol segment condition is set based on a second pre-forward error correction padding factor, which is determined based on a duration of the PE field obtained before the 4 microseconds are added and a nominal packet padding capability of the receiver, and the remaining duration is determined based on the first duration, a duration of the preamble, a duration of the symbols in the data field, and a duration of the PE field obtained before the 4 microseconds are added.

[0031] In this implementation, the transmitter pads the EHT-SIG field based on the restriction on the first time to align the end time of the first PPDU with the first time. The duration of the PE field can be freely selected and is more flexible.

[0032] According to a second aspect, a communication device is provided. The communication device has functionality to perform the method according to the first aspect or any one of the possible implementations of the first aspect. The functionality may be implemented by hardware or by hardware executing corresponding software. The hardware or software includes one or more units corresponding to the aforementioned functionality.

[0033] According to a third aspect, there is provided a communications device including a processor and a memory. Optionally, the communications device may further include a transceiver. The memory is configured to store a computer program. The processor is configured to invoke and execute the computer program stored in the memory to control the transceiver to transmit and receive signals. As a result, the communications device performs the method according to the first aspect or any one of the possible implementations of the first aspect.

[0034] For example, the communication device is a transmitter of wireless communication.

[0035] According to a fourth aspect, there is provided a communications device including a processor and a communications interface, the communications interface configured to receive data and / or information and transmit the received data and / or information to the processor, which processes the data and / or information, and the communications interface further configured to output the data and / or information processed by the processor, thereby performing the method according to the first aspect or any one of the possible implementations of the first aspect.

[0036] According to a fifth aspect, there is provided a computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon computer instructions which, when executed on a computer, perform the method according to the first aspect or any one of the possible implementations of the first aspect.

[0037] According to a sixth aspect, there is provided a computer program product comprising computer program code which, when run on a computer, performs the method according to the first aspect or any one of the possible implementations of the first aspect.

[0038] According to a seventh aspect, there is provided a chip, the chip including a processor and a memory configured to store a computer program located independently of the chip, the memory configured to execute the computer program stored in the memory, such that a device in which the chip is installed performs the method according to the first aspect or any one of the possible implementations of the first aspect.

[0039] Optionally, the processor may be a processing circuit or a logic circuit.

[0040] Furthermore, the chip may include a communication interface. The communication interface may be an input / output interface, an interface circuit, etc. Furthermore, the chip may include a memory.

[0041] Optionally, there may be one or more processors, one or more memories, and one or more memories.

[0042] According to an eighth aspect, there is provided a communication system including a communication device (e.g., a transmitter in this embodiment of the present application) according to any one of the second to fourth aspects, and one or more other communication devices communicating with the communication device. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0043] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 shows the EHT PPDU format according to the present application. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 shows the coding procedure of the EHT MU PPDU according to the present application. [Figure 3] FIG. 3 shows the coding procedure of the EHT TB PPDU according to the present application. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a communication system in accordance with the present application. [Figure 5]FIG. 5 is a schematic flowchart of a method for transmitting a PPDU according to the present application. [Figure 6] FIG. 6 is a flow chart for generating and transmitting a first PPDU by a transmitter according to the present application. [Figure 7] FIG. 7 is an example of determining a first duration according to the present application. [Figure 8] FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of selecting a pre-forward error correction padding factor by a transmitter according to the present application. [Figure 9] FIG. 9 is another flowchart of generating and transmitting a first PPDU by a transmitter according to the present application. [Figure 10] FIG. 10 is another schematic diagram of selecting a pre-forward error correction padding factor by a transmitter according to the present application. [Figure 11] FIG. 11 is another flowchart of generating and transmitting a first PPDU by a transmitter according to the present application. [Figure 12] FIG. 12 illustrates the obtained EHT PPDU before the EHT-SIG field is padded in accordance with the present application. [Figure 13] FIG. 13 illustrates the obtained EHT PPDU after the EHT-SIG field is padded in accordance with the present application. [Figure 14] FIG. 14 is another flowchart of generating and transmitting a first PPDU by a transmitter according to the present application. [Figure 15] FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of performing first PPDU alignment by delaying the transmission time of the first PPDU according to the present application. [Figure 16] FIG. 16 shows the structure of several different types of PPDUs according to the present application. [Figure 17]FIG. 17 shows some HE PPDU formats according to the present application. [Figure 18] FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of implementing EHT TB PPDU alignment according to the present application. [Figure 19] FIG. 19 is a schematic block diagram of a communication device according to the present application. [Figure 20] FIG. 20 is a schematic diagram of a communication device configuration according to the present application. [Figure 21] FIG. 21 is a schematic diagram of communication between multi-link devices according to the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0044] The following describes the technical solutions according to the embodiments in the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0045] The 802.11be wireless local area network (WLAN) communication standard defines two types of extremely high throughput multiple user physical layer protocol data unit (EHT PPDU) formats: the extremely high throughput multiple user physical layer protocol data unit (EHT MU PPDU) and the extremely high throughput trigger-based physical layer protocol data unit (EHT TB PPDU). The EHT MU PPDU can support single-user (downlink or uplink) and multi-user (downlink) data transmission. The EHT TB PPDU is a PPDU that is triggered to be transmitted by one or more stations (STAs) based on scheduling information in a trigger frame transmitted by an access point (AP).

[0046] Figure 1 shows the EHT PPDU format according to the present application. Please refer to Table 1 for the meaning, function, and duration of the fields in Figure 1. [Table 1] TIFF2025138667000004.tif252170 TIFF2025138667000005.tif252170 TIFF2025138667000006.tif251170 TIFF2025138667000007.tif99170

[0047] In Table 1, * denotes multiplication.

[0048] 1. EHT MU PPDU coding procedure

[0049] Figure 2 shows the coding procedure of an EHT MU PPDU according to the present application. As shown in Figure 2, the medium access control (MAC) layer of the transmitter determines the quantity of bytes to be transmitted by one or more users. The transmitter encodes the corresponding number of bytes of information bits for each user in units of orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols. The last symbol of the EHT PPDU needs to be subjected to segment padding processing as shown in Figure 2.

[0050] It should be understood that FIG. 2 shows the last symbol involved in coding. Not all subcarriers of a symbol are involved in coding, but only bits of some segments may be involved in coding. In such an operation, a receiver can decode only some subcarriers during decoding, thereby saving processing time. The receiver does not need to process bits related to another segment of the last symbol, and more processing time can be reserved for the receiver to process previously unprocessed bits. In addition, a PE field may exist after the last symbol, and the PE field does not need to be processed by the receiver. More processing time can be reserved for the receiver.

[0051] The meaning of each piece of information in Figure 2 is as follows:

[0052] Excess information bits: Information bits contained in the last symbol of an EHT PPDU.

[0053] Pre-forward error correction padding bits (pre-FEC padding bits): Padding bits involved in coding.

[0054] Post-FEC output bits: Output bits after scrambling and FEC.

[0055] Scrambling and FEC: Scrambling and forward error correction, respectively.

[0056] Post-FEC padding bits: Indicates the amount of bits required by the total amount of encoding bits that need to be further padded into a symbol after coding. It should be understood that the total amount of bits is the amount of bits contained in one symbol. Post-FEC padding bits do not participate in coding and do not need to be processed by the receiver.

[0057] N CBPS,Last,u : indicates the amount of encoding bits for the last symbol.

[0058] N CBPS,u : indicates the amount of encoding bits for a symbol (not the last symbol).

[0059] Additionally, a indicates the capture position for coding and may be called the pre-FEC padding factor. There are four capture positions in total, i.e., a=1, 2, 3, and 4, which indicate that the output bits after FEC coding occupy approximately 1 / 4, 2 / 4, 3 / 4, and 1 of the entire symbol, respectively, and correspond to 1, 2, 3, and 4 segments of the last symbol, respectively. That is, when a=4, all subcarriers are involved in coding.

[0060] In the following, the coding procedure of the EHT PPDU will be described in detail with reference to the procedure in FIG.

[0061] (1) For an EHT MU PPDU, the transmitter first calculates the amount of excess bits in the last data symbol for each user (eg, the u-th user), ie, the excess information bits, according to equation (1).

number

[0062] In formula (1), N excess,u represents the amount of excess information bits present in the last data symbol of the uth user.

[0063] APEP_LENGTH u represents the amount of pre-end of frame padding bytes of the uth user's aggregated-medium access control data unit (A-MPDU) frame, and can be understood as the amount of useful information bit bytes transmitted at the MAC layer.

[0064] N tailrepresents the coded tail bits and has a value of 6 for binary convolutional coding (BCC) and a value of 0 for low-density parity-check (LDPC).

[0065] N service is the number of bits in the service field, and the value is 16.

[0066] N DBPS,u is the amount of bits contained in each symbol of the uth user.

[0067] (2) The transmitter is N excess,u , calculate the number of initial segments of the last OFDM symbol and the number of initial OFDM symbols according to Equation (2) and Equation (3).

number

number

[0068] N SD,short,u is the number of information bits carried in the segment in the last symbol, as predefined in the communication protocol standard for the corresponding resource unit (RU) or multiple resource units (MRU), and N SS,u is the number of spatial streams of the uth user, and N BPSCS,uis the amount of encoded bits in each subcarrier of each spatial stream of the u-th user.

[0069] (3) The transmitter determines the number of users (hereafter referred to as u) that have the largest amount of encoded bits among all users according to the following formula: max (denoted as " ")

number

number

[0070] (4) The transmitter is max The amount of initial segments and the amount of initial OFDM symbols of each user are determined as the amount of common initial segments and the amount of common initial OFDM symbols of all users.

number

number

[0071] (5) The transmitter calculates the amount of initial data bits and the amount of initial encoded bits of the last OFDM symbol for each user according to the following formula:

number

number

[0072] For each user using LDPC coding, the pre-FEC padding bits of the u-th user may be calculated according to the following formula:

number

[0073] For each user using LDPC coding, the load bits N that can be transmitted for the uth user pld,u and the number of bits N avbits,u are calculated based on the following equations (6) and (7), respectively.

number

number

[0074] The transmitter is N pld,u and N avbits,u Based on this, the code length L of the LDPC code word LDPC,u , and N avbits,u The number of codewords in CW,u is calculated according to a table or formula predetermined by the communication standard.

[0075] The transmitter then calculates the number of shortening bits for the u-th user, N shrt,u , and the number of bits N that need to be punctured for the u-th user punc,u Calculate.

number

number

[0076] For users using LDPC coding, if at least one user satisfies the condition of the following equation (8), the transmitter must set the LDPC additional symbol segment field in the EHT-SIG field to 1.

number

[0077] In this embodiment of the present application, the condition in equation (8) is hereinafter referred to as the LDPC additional symbol segment condition.

[0078] In addition, for all users using LDPC coding, N avbits,u are added, and then N punc,u Specifically, if at least one user satisfies the condition of equation (8), all users using LDPC coding will have N avbits,u and N punc,u needs to be updated.

number

number

[0079] Additionally, the transmitter determines the pre-FEC padding factors a and N according to the following equations: SYM Update.

number

[0080] In the entire above equation, it can be seen that if the initial captured position is 4, it indicates that it is already at the maximum number of segments of the last symbol. If another segment needs to be added, the symbol needs to be added first, and then the first capture position is selected from the added symbol, i.e., capture position a=1.

[0081] If a user using LDPC coding does not meet the LDPC additional symbol segment conditions, or if all users use BCC coding, the LDPC additional symbol segment field in the EHT-SIG field is set to 0, N SYM =N SYM.int , and, a=a init It needs to be set to be.

[0082] That is, when the LDPC additional symbol segment condition is not met, the pre-FEC padding factors a and N SYM is not updated. Therefore, the pre-FEC padding factor a is the number of initial segments, and N SYM is also the number of initial symbols.

[0083] Additionally, for users using LDPC coding:

number

number

[0084] For users using BCC coding:

number

[0085] In addition, for any user, regardless of whether LDPC coding or BCC coding is used, the N CBPS,last,u is calculated as follows:

number

[0086] Additionally, for users using BCC coding, the quantity of pre-FEC padding bits (ie, pre-forward error correction padding bits) is calculated according to the following formula:

number

[0087] For any user, regardless of whether LDPC coding or BCC coding is used, the quantity of post-FEC padding bits (i.e., post-forward error correction padding bits) of the last symbol is calculated according to the following formula:

number

[0088] Furthermore, the pre-FEC padding is classified into MAC padding and PHY padding, and the number of bits is respectively as follows:

number

number

[0089] In addition, the receiver further requests from the transmitter the capability required by the receiver for additional processing time. This capability is referred to herein as the nominal packet padding capability. This is not limiting herein. The selection of the duration of each field of the PPDU transmitted by the transmitter to the receiver must satisfy the nominal packet padding capability of the receiver, where the condition is that the sum of the duration of the post-forward error correction padding portion (i.e., the duration of the post-FEC padding bits, see FIG. 2) and the duration of the PE field is equal to or greater than the total nominal packet padding capability required by the receiver.

[0090] 2. EHT TB PPDU coding procedure

[0091] 3 shows a coding procedure of an EHT TB PPDU according to the present application. As shown in FIG. 3, an example in which an AP transmits a trigger frame to schedule an EHT TB PPDU is used for explanation. The AP first transmits the trigger frame to schedule one or more STAs to transmit the EHT TB PPDU. In the trigger frame, the AP indicates the uplink length, the guard interval, the type of the EHT-LTF field, the number of symbols in the EHT-LTF field, the pre-FEC padding factor, the LDPC additional symbol segment field, and the packet extension disambiguity (PE Disambiguity) field. It should be noted that the trigger frame is a MAC frame, or is called a MAC protocol data unit (MPDU), and is carried in the data field or in a physical service data unit (PSDU) or PPDU. Controlled Area Entrance Control Protocol Data Unit

[0092] If the transmitter calculates that at least one user meets the LDPC additional symbol segment condition by using the aforementioned coding procedure for the EHT MU PPDU, the transmitter sets the LDPC additional symbol segment field in the trigger frame to 1. Unlike the coding procedure for the EHT MU PPDU, even if the LDPC additional symbol segment condition is not met, the AP can set the LDPC additional symbol segment field to 1. However, in the coding procedure for the EHT MU PPDU, if the LDPC additional symbol segment condition is not met, the transmitter must set the LDPC additional symbol segment field to 0.

[0093] After receiving the trigger frame, the STA determines the length of the PE field T based on the parameters and information indicated in the trigger frame. PE , and the number of OFDM symbols in the data field N SYM Calculate.

[0094] Specifically, STA calculates T according to equations (11) and (12). PE and N SYM can be calculated separately.

number

number

[0095] In equation (12),

number

[0096] The trigger frame includes a coding instruction field for each STA to instruct the STA to use BCC or LDPC. However, when the number of subcarriers in the RU or MRU assigned to a particular STA is 242 or more, the STA uses LDPC permanently and does not need to be indicated.

[0097] For the STA, if BCC coding is used, the coding procedure is the same as that of the EHT MU PPDU, where N SYM,init =N SYM , a init = a, and a is the pre-FEC padding factor and is indicated by the trigger frame.

[0098] When LDPC coding is used, in one example, the LDPC additional symbol segment field is set to 1, and the STA determines a based on a indicated in the trigger frame. init Calculate.

[0099] Specifically, the STA performs calculations according to the following formula:

number

[0100] Through calculation, a init and N SYM,initAfter obtaining N, the STA calculates N according to the above equations (9) and (10). avbits,u and N punc,u , and then performs coding by using the subsequent coding procedure of the EHT MU PPDU.

[0101] In other cases, when LDPC coding is used, the LDPC Additional Symbol Segments field is set to 0, and N SYM,init =N SYM , and a init = a. In other words, N avbits,u and N punc,u does not need to be updated, and the STA can directly perform coding by using the subsequent coding procedure of the EHT MU PPDU.

[0102] The above describes the coding procedures for the EHT MU PPDU and EHT TB PPDU in this application, including selecting a pre-FEC padding factor, determining the LDPC additional symbol segment condition, and setting the LDPC additional symbol segment field.

[0103] The technical solutions provided in this application are applicable to WLAN scenarios, for example, to IEEE 802.11 system standards, such as 802.11a / b / g, 802.11n, 802.11ac, 802.11ax, or next-generation 802.11ax, such as 802.11be, or further next-generation standards.

[0104] Although the embodiments of the present application are primarily described using an example in which a WLAN network, particularly a network employing the IEEE 802.11 system standard, is deployed, those skilled in the art will readily understand that aspects related to the present application can be extended to other networks employing various standards or protocols, such as a high-performance radio local area network (HIPERLAN), a wide area network (WAN), a personal area network (PAN), or other networks now known or developed in the future. HIPERLAN is a wireless standard similar to IEEE 802.11 and is primarily used in Europe. Therefore, various aspects provided in the present application are applicable to any suitable wireless network, regardless of coverage and wireless access protocol.

[0105] The embodiments of the present application may further be applicable to wireless local area network systems, such as internet of things (IoT) networks or vehicle to X (V2X) networks. Indeed, the embodiments of the present application may be applicable to other possible communication systems, such as long term evolution (LTE) systems, LTE frequency division duplex (FDD) systems, LTE time division duplex (TDD) systems, universal mobile telecommunication system (UMTS), worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX) communication systems, fifth generation (5G) systems, etc. th generation (5G) communication systems and future sixth generation (6 thIt may be further applicable to 6G (6th generation) communication systems.

[0106] The above-mentioned communication system used in this application is merely an example for explanation and is not limited thereto. A unified description is provided in this specification, and the details will not be described again below.

[0107] 4 is a schematic diagram of a communication system according to the present application. As shown in FIG. 4, the method for transmitting a PPDU provided in the present application is applicable to data communication between one or more APs and one or more STAs (e.g., data communication between AP1 and STA1 and STA2), data communication between APs (e.g., data communication between AP1 and AP2), and data communication between STAs (e.g., data communication between STA2 and STA3).

[0108] An access point may be an access point for terminal devices (e.g., mobile phones) to access a wired (or wireless) network, and is mainly located within a home, building, or zone, with a typical coverage radius of tens to hundreds of meters. Indeed, an access point may also be located outdoors. An access point is equivalent to a bridge connecting a wired network and a wireless network. The main function of an access point is to connect various wireless network clients together, and then connect the wireless network to Ethernet. Specifically, an access point may be a terminal device (e.g., mobile phone) or a network device (e.g., router) with a Wi-Fi chip. An access point may be a device supporting the 802.11be standard. An access point may also be a device that supports multiple wireless local area network (WLAN) standards of the 802.11 family, such as 802.11ax, 802.11ac, 802.11n, 802.11g, 802.11b, 802.11a, and the next generation 802.11be. An access point in this application may be a high-efficiency (HE) AP or an extremely high throughput (EHT) AP, or may be an access point applicable to future generations of Wi-Fi standards.

[0109] A station may be a wireless communication chip, a wireless sensor, a wireless communication terminal, etc., and may also be referred to as a user. For example, a station may be a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a set-top box, a smart TV, a smart wearable device, an in-vehicle communication device, a computer, etc. that supports Wi-Fi communication functions. Optionally, the station may support the 802.11be standard. The station may also support multiple wireless local area network (WLAN) standards of the 802.11 family, such as 802.11ax, 802.11ac, 802.11n, 802.11g, 802.11b, 802.11a, and the next generation 802.11be.

[0110] The access points in this application may be high-efficiency (HE) STAs or extremely high throughput (EHT) STAs, or may be STAs applicable to future generations of Wi-Fi standards.

[0111] For example, the access points and stations may be devices used in vehicles, nodes used in the Internet of Things (IoT), sensors, etc., smart cameras in smart homes, smart remote controls, smart water or electricity meters, sensors in smart cities, etc.

[0112] An embodiment of the present application provides a communication method applied to a wireless local area network system. The method can be implemented by a communication device in the wireless local area network system, or a chip or processor in the communication device. The communication device may be, for example, a wireless communication device that supports multi-link parallel transmission, which is called a multi-link device or a multi-band device. Compared with a device that only supports single-link transmission, the multi-link device has higher transmission efficiency and higher throughput.

[0113] FIG. 21 is a schematic diagram of communication between multi-link devices in accordance with the present application.

[0114] As shown in FIG. 21 , a multilink device includes one or more affiliated STAs, and an affiliated STA is a logical station and can operate on one link. An affiliated STA may be an access point (AP) or a non-access point station (non-AP STA). For ease of explanation, in this application, a multilink device whose affiliated station is an AP may be referred to as a multilink AP, a multilink AP device, or an AP multilink device. A multilink device whose affiliated station is a non-AP STA may be referred to as a multilink STA, a multilink STA device, or an STA multilink device. For ease of explanation, "a multilink device includes an affiliated STA" may also be briefly explained as "a multilink device includes an STA" in the embodiments of this application.

[0115] It should be noted that a multilink device includes multiple logical stations, and each logical station operates on a single link, although multiple logical stations can operate on the same link. A link identifier, as described below, represents a station operating on a link. In other words, if there is more than one station on a link, more than one link identifier is used to represent the more than one station. A link, as referred to below, sometimes also represents a station operating on the link.

[0116] The transmitter referred to hereinafter in this application may be a multilink device (e.g., the first multilink device in FIG. 21), and the receiver may alternatively be a multilink device (e.g., the second multilink device in FIG. 21). In addition, either the transmitter or the receiver may be a multilink device. This is not limited thereto.

[0117] The following also describes solutions for implementing EHT PPDU alignment for EHT PPDUs in two different formats, namely EHT MU PPDU and EHT TB PPDU, separately.

[0118] 1.EHT MU PPDU alignment

[0119] FIG. 5 is a schematic flow chart of a method for transmitting a PPDU according to the present application.

[0120] 210: The transmitter controls the duration of one or more of the PE field, the EHT-SIG field, and the EHT-LTF field of the first PPDU and / or delays the transmission time of the first PPDU so that the error between the end time of the first PPDU and the first time is not greater than an error threshold.

[0121] 220: The transmitter transmits the first PPDU.

[0122] The receiver receives the first PPDU.

[0123] In the technical solution provided in the present application, the transmitter performs alignment between the first PPDU and the first time and / or delays the transmission time of the first PPDU by controlling the duration of one or more of the PE field, the EHT-SIG field, and the EHT-LTF field of the first PPDU.

[0124] Optionally, the first time may be the end time of a PPDU (e.g., a second PPDU) on another link different from the link on which the first PPDU is located, or may be a specific time determined by the transmitter, but this is not limited thereto.

[0125] It should be noted that "alignment" in this application does not mean strict perfect alignment, and alignment is performed on the condition that the time interval between the end time of the first PPDU and the first time is less than the error threshold. Therefore, the end time of the first PPDU may be before or after the first time, or may overlap with the first time. For example, the error threshold may be set according to the requirements in the alignment scenario. For example, the error threshold may be 8 microseconds, 4 microseconds, etc.

[0126] In the following, several different implementations of PPDU alignment by using different fields in this application are described.

[0127] (1) PE Field

[0128] Solution 1

[0129] In Solution 1, the first PPDU includes a preamble, a data field, and a PE field, the duration of the PE field is determined based on the first duration, the duration of the preamble, and the duration of the symbols in the data field, and the first duration is the duration between the first time and the start time of the first PPDU.

[0130] The duration of a symbol in a data field is the length of one symbol in the data field.

[0131] It should be noted that a "symbol" in this application refers to an OFDM symbol. The lengths of symbols in different fields of the first PPDU may differ. For example, the length of a symbol in the data field may differ from the duration of a symbol in another field included in the preamble. Therefore, a symbol in the data field and a symbol in the EHT-LTF field specifically refer to the respective symbols in these fields.

[0132] With reference to FIG. 6, the following describes in detail how the transmitter implements alignment between the first PPDU and the first time by controlling the duration of the PE field.

[0133] FIG. 6 is a flow chart for generating and transmitting a first PPDU by a transmitter according to the present application.

[0134] 301: The transmitter determines the number of symbols (hereinafter referred to as N) in the data field of the first PPDU based on the first duration. SYM ), the duration of the PE field (hereafter, T PE (denoted as ) is calculated.

[0135] The first duration is the expected duration (or target duration) during which the transmitter transmits the first PPDU.

[0136] For example, the transmitter calculates the available duration for transmitting the first PPDU on the current link by using the end time of a PPDU on another link as a reference point. For another example, the transmitter predicts that the first PPDU will end at a specific time (e.g., a first time) and calculates the available duration for transmitting the first PPDU, i.e., the first duration, by using the time as a reference point. Regarding the "available duration for sending the first PPDU," it should be understood that the duration for transmitting the first PPDU is limited by the first time to ensure alignment between the end time of the first PPDU and the first time. In other words, the first time is used as a reference point, and the transmitter transmits the first PPDU by using the remaining duration from the start time of the first PPDU to the first time to ensure alignment between the end time of the first PPDU and the first time.

[0137] FIG. 7 shows an example of determining a first duration according to the present application. As shown in FIG. 7, a transmitter transmits PPDU2 on link 2. The transmitter wins the opportunity to transmit on link 1 by contending for the channel. It is assumed that the transmitter transmits PPDU1 on link 1. It is assumed that the error threshold between the end time of PPDU1 and the end time of PPDU2 is 8 microseconds. The transmitter calculates the duration between the start time of PPDU1 and the end time of PPDU2, and the duration is the first duration in the present application.

[0138] The transmitter determines the number of symbols in the data field, N SYM Calculate.

number

[0139] Through calculation, N SYM After obtaining, the transmitter calculates the remaining duration according to equation (14).

number

[0140] The transmitter sets the duration of the PE field to the remaining duration so that alignment of the first PPDU can be performed.

[0141] For example, the duration of the PE field may be determined according to equation (15) below.

number

[0142] It should be understood that the duration of the PE field is a multiple of 4 microseconds, so equation (15) is designed accordingly.

[0143] In addition, the PE unambiguity field is calculated by the T PE is set to be 0 based on

[0144] Optionally, T PE When T is equal to 0 or 4 microseconds, the transmitter PE In order to obtain N, the receiver may further choose to reduce one OFDM symbol, so that the receiver obtains more processing time. Specifically, N calculated according to Equation (13) SYM Based on this, the transmitter SYM =N SYM In this case, the transmitter needs to set the PE unambiguity field to 1, so that the receiver can remove the ambiguity of the length of the PE field.

number

[0145] In this case, the first duration may be determined according to the following formula:

number

[0146] In addition, the transmitter also needs to select the coding scheme, modulation and coding scheme, spatial stream, etc. for each user (i.e., receiver). For details, please refer to the aforementioned coding procedure of the EHT MU PPDU. The details will not be described again here.

[0147] 302: The transmitter is T PE a second pre-forward error correction padding factor and a nominal packet padding capability value of the receiver based on

[0148] For clarity and brevity of explanation, the second pre-forward error correction padding factor is denoted as a2 below.

[0149] The receiver's nominal packet padding capability value is used to indicate the receiver's nominal packet padding capability, and the nominal packet padding capability value may be provided by the receiver to the transmitter.

[0150] 303: The transmitter is a init Based on = a2, N pld,u and N avbits,u and then perform the coding.

[0151] a init is the number of initial segments mentioned above, and a init It should be understood that =a2 indicates that the transmitter uses a2 as the number of initial segments. From the coding procedure of the EHT MU PPDU described above, the number of initial segments (i.e., a init ), and the number of initial symbols in the data field (i.e., N SYM,init After determining N pld,u and N avbits,u and N pld,u and N avbits,u It can be seen that coding can be performed based on

[0152] 304: The transmitter determines whether the LDPC additional symbol segment condition is met.

[0153] Specifically, through calculation, N pld,u and N avbits,u After obtaining N, the transmitter performs EHT MU PPDU coding. Through coding, the transmitter obtains the number of shortened bits N shrt,u , and the number of punctured bits N punc,u Furthermore, N shrt,u and N punc,u Based on this, the transmitter determines whether the LDPC additional symbol segment condition is met.

[0154] For a description of the LDPC additional symbol segment condition, please refer to the above description, and the details will not be described again in this specification.

[0155] If the LDPC additional symbol segment condition is not met, the transmitter performs step 307 .

[0156] If the LDPC additional symbol segment condition is met, the transmitter performs step 305 .

[0157] It should be noted that steps 303 and 304 are optional steps, as shown in the dashed boxes in Figure 6. In other words, after selecting a2 in step 302, the transmitter may directly perform step 305.

[0158] 305: The transmitter is a init Based on = a1, N pld,u and N avbits,u and then perform the coding.

[0159] In the above, a1 is referred to herein as the first pre-forward error correction padding factor, and a1 is determined according to a2.

[0160] Specifically, the transmitter determines a1 according to the following equation (16), and init Set to a1.

number

[0161] Furthermore, the transmitter init = a1 and N SYM,init Based on N pld,u and N avbits,u Calculate and then N pld,u and N avbits,u After coding, N shrt,u and N punc,uis obtained. Therefore, N shrt,u and N punc,u Based on this, it may be determined whether the LDPC additional symbol segment condition is met.

[0162] It should be understood that cases other than a2=1 in equation (16) specifically refer to a2=2, a2=3, or a2=4.

[0163] When the transmitter executes step 303 and step 304 after step 302, and executes step 305 based on the determination result in step 304, in step 305, the transmitter init a1, that is, the transmitter sets a init It should be noted that a2 is updated to a1. SYM,init must also be re-determined according to equation (16). Then, the transmitter init = a1 and redetermined N SYM,init Based on N pld,u and N avbits,u Update N shrt,u and N punc,u is the updated N pld,u and N avbits,u and updated based on the updated N shrt,u and N punc,u Based on this, it is determined whether the LDPC additional symbol segment condition is met.

[0164] 306: The transmitter determines whether the LDPC additional symbol segment condition is met.

[0165] The LDPC additional symbol segment condition is a init It should be particularly noted that init It should be taken into consideration that after the parameter a2 is updated, the setting parameter of the LDPC additional symbol segment condition changes, specifically, changes from a2 to a1.

[0166] In other words, in both step 304 and step 306, it is determined whether the LDPC additional symbol segment condition is met, but the LDPC additional symbol segment condition in step 304 is a init = a2, i.e., it is set based on a2. However, in step 306, a init is updated to 1. Therefore, the LDPC additional symbol segment condition in step 306 is a init = a1, i.e., set based on a1.

[0167] In addition, from equation (16), a init In addition, the LDPC additional symbol segment condition is also N SYM,init However, a init Updates are not necessarily N SYM,init does not cause an update of N in Eq. (16). SYM It should be understood that N is the quantity of symbols in the data field of the first PPDU, which is obtained through calculation based on the first time, and is obtained through calculation according to equation (13). SYM,init is the number of symbols in the data field set in the LDPC additional symbol segment condition.

[0168] 307: The transmitter generates a first PPDU.

[0169] Specifically, the transmitter sets the LDPC additional symbol segment field of the first PPDU based on the determination result of whether the LDPC additional symbol segment condition is met.

[0170] As described above in step 304, if the transmitter determines that the LDPC additional symbol segment condition is not met, the transmitter directly executes step 307. In this case, the transmitter sets the LDPC additional symbol segment field to a second value, which indicates that no LDPC additional symbol segment needs to be added, and the LDPC additional symbol segment field carries a2.

[0171] When setting the LDPC additional symbol segment field based on the determination result in step 306, the transmitter sets the LDPC additional symbol segment field according to the following principle.

[0172] If the LDPC additional symbol segment condition is met, the transmitter sets the LDPC additional symbol segment field to a first value, and the LDPC additional symbol segment field carries a2. For example, the first value may be “1.”

[0173] If the LDPC additional symbol segment condition is not met, the transmitter sets the LDPC additional symbol segment field to a second value, and the LDPC additional symbol segment field carries a1. For example, the second value may be "0".

[0174] After the transmitter determines the duration of the PE field and sets the LDPC additional symbol segment field, it is equivalent to the transmitter determining the fields of the first PPDU, and based on this, the transmitter generates the first PPDU.

[0175] 308: The transmitter transmits the first PPDU.

[0176] 7 is merely intended to facilitate understanding of the solution of the present application, and it should be understood that the process by which the transmitter generates the first PPDU is divided into different steps. In fact, in the present application, the process by which the transmitter generates the first PPDU is a process by which the transmitter determines the duration of each field and sets the field of each field. Therefore, these steps may also be combined into fewer steps or divided into more steps, and this should not constitute any limitation on the solution itself. The other procedures in the present application are the same, and the details will not be described again below.

[0177] In Solution 1, the transmitter calculates the duration of the PE field of the first PPDU based on the constraint of the first time, and as a result, it is found that alignment between the first PPDU and the first time is guaranteed if the nominal packet padding capability of the receiver is met.

[0178] The following provides an example of Solution 1 with reference to FIG.

[0179] FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of selecting a pre-forward error correction padding factor by a transmitter according to the present application.

[0180] As shown in FIG. 8, it is assumed that the nominal packet padding capability value requested by the receiver is 20 microseconds, and the transmitter selects the duration of the PE field as 8 microseconds. Furthermore, based on steps 301 and 302 shown in FIG. 7, the transmitter selects a2=3. Because the segment duration is 4 microseconds and the bits in Data Segment 4 and the PE field do not need to be processed by the receiver, the 12 microseconds required by the receiver's nominal packet padding capability can be met. In another implementation, the transmitter may alternatively determine a1 based on a2, where a1=3-1=2. That is, the transmitter adds Data Segment 3. In this case, Data Segment 3 and Data Segment 4 do not need to be processed by the receiver. The total duration of Data Segment 3, Data Segment 4, and the PE field is 4+4+8=16 microseconds. It can be seen that there are an additional 4 microseconds compared to the 12 microseconds requested by the receiver, and the receiver gains more processing time.

[0181] In the procedure of FIG. 6, after the sender selects a2, in one implementation, the sender selects a init If the LDPC additional symbol segment condition is met, the transmitter determines whether the LDPC additional symbol segment condition is met based on a init = a1, determine whether the LDPC additional symbol segment condition is met, and then set the LDPC additional symbol segment field according to the determination result. It can be seen that in this implementation, the transmitter determines whether the LDPC additional symbol segment condition is met twice. The process of selecting a pre-forward error correction padding factor by the transmitter is complicated, and the amount of calculation is excessively large.

[0182] In another implementation, after selecting a2, the transmitter directly selects a1 based on a2, and initBased on a = a1, determine that the LDPC additional symbol segment condition is met, and then set the LDPC additional symbol segment field based on the determination result. Compared with the previous implementation, in the latter implementation, a init = a2, the process of determining whether the LDPC additional symbol segment condition is met is omitted. That is, the number of times to determine the LDPC additional symbol segment condition is reduced by one, so the calculation process of the transmitter is simplified. However, after selecting a1, the transmitter still needs to calculate whether the LDPC additional symbol segment condition is met, and the calculation amount is still relatively large.

[0183] In view of this, Solution 2 is provided below. Compared with any implementation of Solution 1, Solution 2 simplifies the complexity of selecting a pre-forward error correction padding factor, and the amount of calculation in the selection process is also reduced.

[0184] Solution 2

[0185] FIG. 9 is another flowchart of generating and transmitting a first PPDU by a transmitter according to the present application.

[0186] 401: The transmitter determines N SYM and T PE Calculate.

[0187] 402:T PE and select a2 based on the receiver's nominal packet padding capability value.

[0188] 403: The sender init Based on = a1, N pld,u and N avbits,u and then perform coding. In the above, a1 is determined according to a2.

[0189] For example, the transmitter determines a1 according to the following equation and a2:

[0190] In the formula, a1 is determined from a2 and the following formula:

number

[0191] This equation is known to be the above equation (16), and the details will not be explained again.

[0192] 404: The transmitter generates a first PPDU.

[0193] In step 404, the transmitter generating the first PPDU mainly includes the transmitter setting the LDPC additional symbol segment field of the first PPDU. Specifically, the transmitter directly sets the LDPC additional symbol segment field to be 1, and the LDPC additional symbol segment field carries 2.

[0194] 405: The transmitter transmits the first PPDU.

[0195] In solution 2, after selecting a2, the transmitter will consider the LDPC additional symbol segment condition to be met by default, and will directly calculate a1 based on a2, and then init = a1, and perform coding based on a2. After coding is completed, the LDPC additional symbol segment field is directly set to be 1. In other words, an LDPC additional symbol segment needs to be added by default, and a2 is carried in the LDPC additional symbol segment field.

[0196] It can be seen that in Solution 2, the transmitter does not need to calculate whether the LDPC additional symbol segment condition is met, so that the process of selecting a pre-forward error correction padding factor is greatly simplified, and the calculation complexity and amount are reduced.

[0197] The following provides an example of Solution 1 with reference to FIG.

[0198] FIG. 10 is another schematic diagram of selecting a pre-forward error correction padding factor by a transmitter according to the present application.

[0199] As shown in Figure 10, the transmitter selects a2 = 4 based on step 401 and step 402 in Figure 9. Based on this, the transmitter directly determines a1 based on a2, where a1 = a2 - 1 = 3, that is, directly adds data segment 3. In this case, data segment 3 and data segment 4 do not need to be processed by the receiver. The total duration of data segment 3, data segment 4, and the PE field may meet the nominal packet padding capacity of the receiver or may allow the receiver to gain more processing time.

[0200] The above describes a solution in which PPDU alignment is implemented by controlling the duration of the PE field.

[0201] It can be seen that in a solution in which PPDU alignment is implemented by using the duration of the PE field, a strict alignment requirement exists, and therefore the transmitter cannot randomly select the length of the MAC frame to be transmitted and the length of the PE field. The transmitter needs to adjust the length of the PE field (with a granularity of 4 microseconds) based on the target time (i.e., the first time) to align the end times of the PPDUs. In this application, the length of the OFDM symbol in the data field of the EHT PPDU is one of 13.6 microseconds, 14.4 microseconds, or 16 microseconds, and the granularity is considered to be relatively large. As a result, the PPDU alignment requirement cannot be met by using the symbols in the data field. However, the length granularity of the PE field is a multiple of 4 microseconds, and the PPDU alignment requirement using an error threshold of 4 microseconds or 8 microseconds can be met.

[0202] The following describes a solution in which PPDU alignment is performed by controlling the duration of the EHT-SIG field.

[0203] (2) EHT-SIG field

[0204] Solution 3

[0205] In Solution 3, the first PPDU includes a preamble, a data field, and a PE field. The preamble includes an EHT-SIG field, and the EHT-SIG field includes an initial portion and a padding portion. The duration of the padding portion in the EHT-SIG field is determined based on the first duration, the initial duration of the preamble, the duration of the PE field, and the duration of the symbols in the data field. The initial duration of the preamble does not include the duration of the padding portion in the EHT-SIG field, and the first duration is the duration between the first duration and the start time of the first PPDU. The duration of the padding portion is a multiple of 4 microseconds.

[0206] The following describes Solution 3 with reference to Figure 11.

[0207] FIG. 11 is another flowchart of generating and transmitting a first PPDU by a transmitter according to the present application.

[0208] 501: The transmitter sets the duration of the PE field T PE Select and then N SYM Calculate.

[0209] Optionally, in one embodiment, the transmitter always selects the maximum duration of the PE field allowed by the communication standard.

[0210] For example, when at least one user uses at least 8 spatial streams, or when 2×996 or more subcarrier resource units (RUs) or multiple resource units (MRUs) are allocated, or when a 4096 quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) scheme is used, the transmitter may select a 20 microsecond PE field, or alternatively, a 16 microsecond PE field.PE The advantage of choosing ∑ i = 1 ⁢ ...

[0211] In another embodiment, the transmitter may alternatively select the shortest duration from the PE field durations that can meet the receiver's requirements for nominal packet padding capability.

[0212] PE field duration T PE After is selected, the amount of symbols NSYM in the data field of the first PPDU is calculated according to equation (17) below:

number

[0213] It should be noted that in a solution in which PPDU alignment is performed by using the duration of the EHT-SIG field, the initial duration of the preamble of the first PPDU is used. The initial duration is the duration of the preamble of the first PPDU before the padding portion of the EHT-SIG field is added. After the padding portion of the EHT-SIG field is added, the preamble includes the initial portion of the EHT-SIG field and the padding portion. Therefore, the duration of the preamble is increased by the duration of the padding portion of the EHT-SIG field based on the initial duration of the preamble. The initial portion of the EHT-SIG field is sufficient to carry the necessary signaling indication information. The following describes the padding portion of the EHT-SIG field in detail.

[0214] The transmitter calculates the remaining duration according to equation (18) below.

number

[0215] It should be understood that in this solution, the padding portion of the EHT-SIG field is determined based on the remaining duration. Therefore, the remaining duration is expressed as follows: T additional_EHT_SIG_est

[0216] 12 shows an EHT PPDU obtained before the EHT-SIG field is padded in accordance with the present application. It should be noted that the duration of the preamble in FIG. 12 is the initial duration of the preamble.

[0217] 502: The transmitter is T PE and selecting a second pre-forward error correction padding factor a2 based on the receiver's nominal packet padding capability value.

[0218] In step 502, a2 ​​may be freely selected if the duration of the PE field selected in step 501 already meets the requirements for the nominal packet padding capability of the receiver, i.e., the duration of the PE field ensures that the receiver has sufficient processing time, and the transmitter can select a2 without being affected by the nominal packet padding capability of the receiver.

[0219] 503: The transmitter pld,u and N avbits,u a init = a2 and then perform the coding.

[0220] 504: The transmitter determines whether an LDPC additional symbol segment condition is met.

[0221] If the LDPC additional symbol segment condition is not met, the transmitter performs step 507 .

[0222] When the LDPC additional symbol segment condition is met, two implementations are provided, and are shown below as Implementation 1 and Implementation 2.

[0223] Implementation 1

[0224] The transmitter first calculates N SYM and update the pre-forward error correction padding factor a.

number

[0225] The transmitter uses the updated N SYMand a, and determine whether the requirement for the nominal packet padding capability of the receiver is met. If the requirement is not met, the remaining duration is 4 microseconds or more, and the duration of the PE field does not reach the maximum length allowed in the communication standard, the duration of the PE field is extended by 4 microseconds to meet the requirement for the nominal packet padding capability of the receiver.

[0226] Therefore, the TPE satisfies the following formula (20).

number

[0227] Since the duration of the PE field is increased by 4 microseconds, the remaining duration is decreased by 4 microseconds. additional_EHT_SIG_est satisfies equation (21).

number

[0228] That is, in implementation 1, the duration of the PE field of the first PPDU ultimately generated by the transmitter is increased by 4 microseconds, which is added to the selected duration TPE of the PE field in step 501 .

[0229] Implementation 2

[0230] In implementation 2, the sender performs step 505 .

[0231] It should be noted that step 503 and step 504 are optional steps, as shown in the dashed box in Figure 11. In other words, after selecting a2 in step 502, the sender directly executes step 505, i.e., init = a1, where a1 is determined based on a2.

[0232] 505: The transmitter is a init Based on = a1, N pld,u and N avbits,u and then perform the coding.

[0233] In the above, a1 is determined according to a2. For details, see equation (16) above.

number

[0234] The transmitter is a init Based on = a1, N pld,u and N avbits,u Calculate and then N pld,u and N avbits,u After coding, N shrt,u and N punc,u In this way, the transmitter obtains N shrt,u and N punc,u Based on this, it is determined whether the LDPC additional symbol segment condition is met.

[0235] If the transmitter executes step 503 and step 504 after step 502, and then executes step 505 based on the determination result in step 504, in step 505, the transmitter init a1, that is, the transmitter sets a init It should be noted that a2 is updated to a1. SYM,init must also be re-determined according to equation (16). Then, the transmitter init = a1 and redetermined N SYM,init Based on N pld,u and N avbits,u Update N shrt,u and N punc,u is the updated N pld,u and N avbits,u Based on the updated N shrt,u and N punc,uBased on this, it is determined whether the LDPC additional symbol segment condition is met.

[0236] 506: The transmitter determines whether an LDPC additional symbol segment condition is met.

[0237] Similar to the above solution 1, the transmitter determines whether the LDPC additional symbol segment condition is met in both step 504 and step 506. However, the LDPC additional symbol segment condition in step 504 is a init In step 505, a init is updated to a1. Therefore, the LDPC additional symbol segment condition in step 506 is a init = a1, i.e., it is set based on a1.

[0238] 507: The transmitter sets an LDPC additional symbol segment field of the first PPDU according to whether an LDPC additional symbol segment condition is met.

[0239] As mentioned above, if in step 504 the transmitter determines that the LDPC additional symbol segment condition is not met, the transmitter directly executes step 507. In this case, the transmitter sets the LDPC additional symbol segment field to a second value, which indicates that no LDPC additional symbol segment needs to be added, and the LDPC additional symbol segment field carries a value of 2.

[0240] When setting the LDPC additional symbol segment field based on the determination result in step 506, the transmitter sets the LDPC additional symbol segment field according to the following principle.

[0241] If the LDPC additional symbol segment condition is met, the transmitter sets the LDPC additional symbol segment field to 1, and the LDPC additional symbol segment field carries 2.

[0242] If the LDPC additional symbol segment condition is not met, the transmitter sets the LDPC additional symbol segment field to 0, and the LDPC additional symbol segment field carries a 1.

[0243] 508: The transmitter calculates the duration of the padding portion of the EHT-SIG field of the first PPDU.

[0244] Specifically, the transmitter determines the duration of the padding part of the EHT-SIG field (hereinafter referred to as T additional_EHT_SIG (denoted as

number

number

number

[0245] Note that the remaining duration T in Equation (22) additional_EHT_SIG_est is the remaining duration obtained after updating according to equation (21).

[0246] 509: The transmitter generates a first PPDU.

[0247] 13 shows an EHT PPDU obtained after the EHT-SIG field is padded according to the present application. It can be seen that after the EHT-SIG field is padded (or a padding portion is added to the EHT-SIG field based on the initial portion of the EHT-SIG field), the duration of the preamble is also increased accordingly. Specifically, the duration of the padding portion of the EHT-SIG field is added based on the initial duration of the preamble.

[0248] 510: The transmitter transmits the first PPDU.

[0249] In Solution 3, the transmitter pads the EHT-SIG field based on the restriction on the first time to make the end time of the first PPDU align with the first time. Compared with the above Solutions 1 and 2, in Solution 3, the duration of the PE field can be freely selected and is more flexible.

[0250] In addition, it should be understood that the procedure in FIG. 12 is merely intended to facilitate understanding of the solution of the present application, and that the process by which the transmitter generates the first PPDU is divided into different steps. In fact, in the present application, the process by which the transmitter generates the first PPDU is a process by which the transmitter determines the duration of each field and sets the field of each field. Therefore, step 507 and step 508 may also be combined into step 509 and are considered as steps in the process of generating the first PPDU. Therefore, the steps in FIG. 12 are merely used as an example, and these steps may be combined into fewer steps or divided into more steps. This should not constitute any limitation on the solution itself.

[0251] Similarly, to simplify the complexity of selecting the pre-forward error correction padding factor and reduce the amount of calculations in the selection process, Solution 4 is provided below.

[0252] Solution 4

[0253] FIG. 14 is another flowchart of generating and transmitting a first PPDU by a transmitter according to the present application.

[0254] 601: The transmitter determines the duration T of the PE field. PE Select and then N SYM Calculate.

[0255] 602: The transmitter is T PE and select a2 based on the receiver's nominal packet padding capability value.

[0256] 603: The transmitter is a init Based on = a1, N pld,u and N avbits,u and then perform coding. In the above, a1 is determined according to a2.

[0257] 604: The transmitter calculates the duration of the padding portion of the EHT-SIG field.

[0258] 605: The transmitter generates a first PPDU.

[0259] Specifically, the transmitter configures the LDPC additional symbol segment field of the first PPDU: the transmitter configures the LDPC additional symbol segment field to be 1, and the LDPC additional symbol segment field carries 2;

[0260] 606: The transmitter transmits the first PPDU.

[0261] It can be seen that in Solution 4, the duration of the PE field is more flexible and can be freely selected, and the transmitter does not need to calculate whether the LDPC additional symbol segment condition is met, so that the process of selecting the pre-forward error correction padding factor is greatly simplified, and the calculation complexity and amount are reduced.

[0262] In addition to the PE and EHT-SIG fields, PPDU alignment may also be implemented by controlling the duration of the EHT-LTF field.

[0263] (3) EHT-LTF field.

[0264] When the type of the EHT-LTF field of the first PPDU is 1x EHT-LTF (in this case, the duration of each symbol in the EHT-LTF field excluding the GI portion is 3.2 microseconds) or 2x EHT-LTF (in this case, the duration of each symbol in the EHT-LTF field excluding the GI portion is 6.4 microseconds), the transmitter may perform PPDU alignment by padding the EHT-LTF field.

[0265] In other words, in this solution, the EHT-LTF field includes an initial portion and a padding portion. The process of calculating the duration of the padding portion of the EHT-LTF field is similar to the process of calculating the padding portion of the EHT-SIG field, and only the formula for calculating the padding portion of the EHT-SIG field needs to be replaced by the following formula (23):

number

[0266] In summary, the transmitter may first obtain the remaining duration through calculation by using Solution 3 or Solution 4, and then calculate the duration of the padding portion of the EHT-LTF field according to Equation 23. The EHT-LTF field of the first PPDU finally generated by the transmitter includes the initial portion and the padding portion.

[0267] It should be understood that the duration granularity of each symbol excluding the guard interval in 1x EHT-LTF and 2x EHT-LTF is relatively small and close to 4 microseconds, and can meet the alignment requirement, so the EHT-LTF field is selected to be padded to perform PPDU alignment. In addition, in this specification, when Solution 3 or Solution 4 is used in combination with the solution for padding EHT-LTF, only the total length of the padding part of the EHT-LTF field and the EHT-SIG field is selected to perform alignment, and the remaining duration T additional_EHT_SiG_est It needs to be as close as possible to

[0268] Those skilled in the art will understand how to calculate the duration of the padding portion of the EHT-LTF field by referring to the above process of calculating the duration of the padding portion of the EHT-SIG field, and the details will not be described again here to avoid repetition.

[0269] (4) Delay the transmission time of the first PPDU.

[0270] In this solution, the transmitter first needs to calculate the remaining duration according to equation (24).

number

[0271] After obtaining the remaining duration, the transmitter delays the start time of the first PPDU. Specifically, the delayed duration is equal to or longer than the remaining duration T additional_EHT_SiG_est The period may be.

[0272] 15 is a schematic diagram of performing first PPDU alignment by delaying the transmission time of the first PPDU according to the present application. As shown in FIG. 15, the transmitter calculates the remaining duration based on the first duration, and then delays the start time of the first PPDU after the remaining duration.

[0273] It should be noted that if the delay time is too long, the air interface may be preempted by a third-party device, and the transmitter may miss a transmission opportunity. Therefore, the transmitter may delay the start time of the first PPDU in combination with the above solution or its implementation to control the delayed duration not to exceed a threshold, for example, 4 microseconds.

[0274] (5) Use the above solutions in combination.

[0275] The above describes several solutions for implementing PPDU alignment, based on which those skilled in the art can combine the aforementioned solutions or implement any one of the solutions to implement PPDU alignment.

[0276] Some solutions for implementing EHT MU PPDU alignment are described above, and solutions for implementing EHT TB PPDU alignment are described below.

[0277] 2.EHT TB PPDU alignment

[0278] As mentioned above, for EHT TB PPDU, the AP first transmits the trigger frame. To implement PPDU alignment, it is first necessary to ensure that the trigger frames on different links are aligned as much as possible.

[0279] To ensure as much as possible alignment of the trigger frames, the transmitter may select different types of PPDUs to carry the trigger frames on different links.

[0280] Figure 16 shows the structure of several different types of PPDUs according to the present application. In Figure 16, (a), (b), and (c) are non-High Throughput (non-HT) PPDU, High Throughput (HT) PPDU, and Very High Throughput (VHT) PPDU, respectively. The length of each symbol in the three types of PPDU is 4 microseconds, and there is no PE field. Therefore, the alignment requirement with an error of 4 microseconds can be easily met.

[0281] Since the length of each symbol of the three types of PPDU is 4 microseconds, the amount of symbols of the first PPDU can be calculated according to the following formula:

number

number

[0282] When a transmitter uses an HE PPDU to carry a trigger frame, the HE PPDU has four formats: HE SU PPDU, HE MU PPDU, HE ER SU PPDU, and HE TB PPDU. As shown in Figure 17, the trigger frame can be carried in the first three formats.

[0283] Figure 17 shows several HE PPDU formats according to the present application. In Figure 17, (a), (b), and (c) are the HE SU PPDU, the HE MU PPDU, and the HE ER SU PPDU, respectively. The three formats are similar to the EHT MU PPDU, and any one of the solutions for aligning the EHT MU PPDU described above can be used.

[0284] If the start times of PPDUs carrying a trigger frame and on two or more links are the same, the transmitter selects PPDUs of the same length, so that alignment of the trigger frames can be guaranteed.

[0285] However, for triggered EHT TB PPDUs, when the AP generates the trigger frame, it can be guaranteed that the EHT TB PPDUs sent on all links are aligned within an error margin, provided that the same uplink length is selected for all links.

[0286] Furthermore, the AP may select a PE field of the same duration, the same number of symbols in the data field, the same guard interval and type of the EHT-LTF field, the same number of symbols in the EHT-LTF field, the same pre-FEC padding factor, an LDPC additional symbol segment field of the same duration, and a PE disambiguation field of the same duration to simplify factor selection and perform matching.

[0287] FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of implementing EHT TB PPDU alignment according to the present application.

[0288] 18, it is assumed that the transmitter triggers the receiver to transmit EHT TB PPDU1 on link 1 by using trigger frame 1, and triggers the receiver to transmit EHT TB PPDU2 on link 2 by using trigger frame 2. To implement alignment between EHT TB PPDU1 and EHT TB PPDU2, the transmitter first ensures that the end time of trigger frame 1 is aligned with the end time of trigger frame 2. Based on this, the transmitter selects EHT TB PPDU1 and EHT TB PPDU2 that have the same uplink length to implement alignment between EHT TB PPDU1 and EHT TB PPDU2.

[0289] Similar to the EHT MU PPDU alignment in the previous solution, the EHT TB PPDU alignment can be aligned within a certain tolerance range, for example, the time interval between the end time of EHT TB PPDU1 and the end time of EHT TB PPDU2 can be within a certain tolerance range, for example, 4 microseconds or 8 microseconds.

[0290] In Figures 1, 16 and 17, * represents multiplication.

[0291] Additionally, in the formula in the embodiments of the present application:

number

number

[0292] The above describes in detail the method for transmitting PPDU in the present application. The following describes a communication device for transmitting PPDU provided in the present application.

[0293] 19 is a schematic block diagram of a communication device according to the present application. As shown in FIG. 19, a communication device 1000 includes a processing unit 1100 and a transmitting unit 1300. Optionally, the communication device may further include a receiving unit 1200, as indicated by a dashed box in FIG. 19.

[0294] Optionally, the communication device 1000 may correspond to the transmitter in this embodiment of the present application. In this case, each unit of the communication device 1000 is configured to implement the following functions.

[0295] The processing unit 1100 is configured to control the duration of one or more of the PE field, the EHT-SIG field, and the EHT-LTF field of the first PPDU and / or delay the transmission time of the first PPDU so that the error between the end time of the first PPDU and the first time is not greater than an error threshold.

[0296] The transmitting unit 1300 is configured to transmit a first PPDU.

[0297] Optionally, in one embodiment, the first PPDU includes a preamble, a data field, and a PE field, the duration of the PE field is determined based on a first duration, the duration of the preamble of the first PPDU, and the duration of the symbols in the data field, and the first duration is the duration between the first time and the start time of the first PPDU.

[0298] Optionally, in one embodiment, the quantity of symbols in the data field is determined based on the first duration, the duration of the preamble, and the duration of the symbols in the data field.

[0299] Optionally, in one embodiment, the first PPDU includes a preamble, a data field, and a PE field, the preamble includes an EHT-SIG field, and the EHT-SIG field includes an initial portion and a padding portion.

[0300] The duration of the padding portion in the EHT-SIG field is determined based on the first duration, the initial duration of the preamble, the duration of the PE field, and the duration of the symbols in the data field. The initial duration of the preamble does not include the duration of the padding portion in the EHT-SIG field. And the first duration is the duration between the first time and the start time of the first PPDU.

[0301] The duration of the padding portion is a multiple of 4 microseconds.

[0302] Optionally, in one embodiment, the quantity of symbols in the data field is determined based on the first duration, the initial duration of the preamble, the duration of the PE field, and the duration of the symbols in the data field.

[0303] Optionally, in one embodiment, the EHT-SIG field of the first PPDU carries a low-density parity-check LDPC additional symbol segment field.

[0304] The LDPC additional symbol segment field is set to be a second value, the EHT-SIG field carries a second pre-forward error correction padding factor, the second value indicating that an LDPC additional symbol segment does not need to be added, the LDPC additional symbol segment field is set when the LDPC additional symbol segment condition is not met, and the LDPC additional symbol segment condition is set based on the second pre-forward error correction padding factor. The second pre-forward error correction padding factor is determined based on the duration of the PE field and the nominal packet padding capability of the receiver.

[0305] The LDPC additional symbol segment field is set to be a first value, the EHT-SIG field carries a second pre-forward error correction padding factor, the first value indicating that an LDPC additional symbol segment needs to be added, the LDPC additional symbol segment field is set when an LDPC additional symbol segment condition is met, and the LDPC additional symbol segment condition is set based on the first pre-forward error correction padding factor, the first pre-forward error correction padding factor being determined based on the duration of the PE field and the nominal packet padding capability of the receiver.

[0306] The LDPC additional symbol segment field is set to be a second value, the EHT-SIG field carries a first pre-forward error correction padding factor, the second value indicating that an LDPC additional symbol segment does not need to be added, the LDPC additional symbol segment field is set when the LDPC additional symbol segment condition is not met, and the LDPC additional symbol segment condition is set based on the first pre-forward error correction padding factor. The first pre-forward error correction padding factor is determined based on the duration of the PE field and the nominal packet padding capability of the receiver.

[0307] In this embodiment of the present application, the first pre-forward error correction padding factor is determined based on the second pre-forward error correction padding factor, and the first PPDU is coded by using the first pre-forward error correction padding factor, so that the duration that can be used by the receiver to decode the first PPDU is extended compared to the duration of coding the first PPDU by using the second pre-forward error correction padding factor.

[0308] Optionally, in one embodiment, the EHT-SIG field of the first PPDU carries a low density parity check (LDPC) additional symbol segment field, the LDPC additional symbol segment field is set to be a first value, the LDPC additional symbol segment field carries a second pre-forward error correction padding factor, the first value indicating that an LDPC additional symbol segment needs to be added, and the second pre-forward error correction padding factor is determined based on the duration of the PE field and the nominal packet padding capability of the receiver.

[0309] Optionally, in one embodiment, the first pre-forward error correction padding factor and the second pre-forward error correction padding factor satisfy the following equation:

number

[0310] where a1 represents the first pre-forward error correction padding factor and a2 represents the second pre-forward error correction padding factor.

[0311] Optionally, in one embodiment, the duration of the PE field is increased by 4 microseconds.

[0312] The duration of the PE field is increased by 4 microseconds if: The LDPC additional symbol segment condition is met, the requirement for the receiver's nominal packet padding capability is not met after the LDPC additional symbol segment is added, the remaining duration is 4 microseconds or more, and the duration of the PE field does not reach the maximum allowed duration.

[0313] The LDPC additional symbol segment condition is set based on a second pre-forward error correction padding factor, which is determined based on the duration of the PE field obtained before the 4 microseconds are added and the nominal packet padding capability of the receiver.

[0314] The remaining duration is determined based on the first duration, the duration of the preamble, the duration of the symbols in the data field, and the duration of the PE field obtained before the 4 microseconds are added.

[0315] In the above implementation, the receiving unit 1200 and the transmitting unit 1300 may also be integrated into one transceiver unit and have both receiving and transmitting functions, which is not limited herein.

[0316] In a transmitter embodiment corresponding to communications device 1000, processing unit 1100 is configured to perform processes and / or operations implemented within the transmitter in addition to transmit and receive operations. Receiving unit 1200 is configured to perform receive operations, and transmitting unit 1300 is configured to perform transmit operations.

[0317] For example, in FIG. 5, the processing unit 1100 performs step 210 and the sending unit 1300 performs step 220 .

[0318] As another example, in FIG. 6, the processing unit 1100 performs steps 301 to 307, and the sending unit 1300 performs step 308.

[0319] As another example, in FIG. 9, the processing unit 1100 performs steps 401 to 404, and the sending unit 1300 performs step 405.

[0320] As another example, in FIG. 11, the processing unit 1100 performs steps 501 to 509, and the sending unit 1300 performs step 510.

[0321] As another example, in FIG. 14, the processing unit 1100 performs steps 601 to 605, and the sending unit 1300 performs step 606.

[0322] FIG. 20 is a schematic diagram of a communication device according to the present application. As shown in FIG. 20, the communication device 10 includes one or more processors 11, one or more memories 12, and one or more communication interfaces 13. The processor 11 is configured to control the communication interfaces 13 to receive and transmit signals. The memory 12 is configured to store computer programs. The processor 11 is configured to access and execute the computer programs from the memory 12, such that the communication device 10 performs the processing performed by a transmitter in a method embodiment of the present application.

[0323] For example, the processor 11 may have the functionality of the processing unit 1100 shown in Fig. 19, and the communication interface 13 may have the functionality of the receiving unit 1200 and / or the transmitting unit 1300 shown in Fig. 19. Specifically, the processor 11 may be configured to perform processes or operations that are performed within a communication device, and the communication interface 13 is configured to perform transmitting operations and / or receiving operations that are performed by the communication device.

[0324] In one implementation, the communication device 10 may be a transmitter in the method embodiment. In this embodiment, the communication interface 13 may be a transceiver. The transceiver may include a receiver and / or a transmitter. Optionally, the processor 11 may be a baseband device, and the communication interface 13 may be a radio frequency device.

[0325] In another implementation, the communication device 10 may be a chip (or a chip system) installed in a transmitter. In this implementation, the communication interface 13 may be an interface circuit or an input / output interface.

[0326] Optionally, a dashed box after a component (eg, a processor, memory, or a communication interface) in FIG. 20 indicates that more than one component may be present.

[0327] In another implementation, the communication interface 13 may include a radio frequency circuit and an antenna. The radio frequency circuit and the antenna may be located independently of the processor that performs baseband processing. For example, in a distributed scenario, the radio frequency circuit and the antenna may be located remotely and independently from the communication device.

[0328] The processor may be configured to perform baseband-related processing, for example, but not limited to, and the transceiver may be configured to perform radio frequency reception and transmission, for example, but not limited to. The above components may be provided on separate chips, or at least partially provided on the same chip. For example, the processor may be further divided into an analog baseband processor and a digital baseband processor. The analog baseband processor and the transceiver may be integrated on the same chip, and the digital baseband processor may be located on a separate chip. With the continuous development of integrated circuit technology, more and more components may be integrated on the same chip. For example, a digital baseband processor may be integrated on the same chip as multiple application processors (for example, but not limited to, a graphics processor and a multimedia processor). The chip may be referred to as a system on chip. Whether the components are independently located on different chips or integrated and located on one or more chips often depends on the specific requirements of the product design. The specific implementation of the above components is not limited in this embodiment of the present invention.

[0329] Optionally, the memory and the processor in the above-mentioned device embodiments may be physically separate units from each other, or the memory and the processor may be integrated together, which is not limited herein.

[0330] Additionally, the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium having computer instructions stored thereon that, when executed on a computer, cause the operations and / or processes performed by the transmitter in the method embodiments of the present application to be performed.

[0331] Additionally, the present application further provides a computer program product, which includes computer program code or instructions that, when executed on a computer, perform the operations and / or processes performed by the transmitter in the method embodiments of the present application.

[0332] Additionally, the present application further provides a chip, the chip including a processor, a memory configured to store a computer program, located independently of the chip, and the processor configured to execute the computer program stored in the memory, such that a transmitter in which the chip is installed performs the operations and / or processes performed by the transmitter in any one of the method embodiments.

[0333] Furthermore, the chip may include a communication interface, which may be an input / output interface, an interface circuit, etc. Furthermore, the chip may include a memory.

[0334] Optionally, there may be one or more processors, there may be one or more memories, and there may be one or more memories.

[0335] Additionally, the present application further provides a communication device (which may be, for example, a chip or a chip system) including a processor and a communication interface. The communication interface is configured to receive data and / or information (also referred to as input) and transmit the received data and / or information to the processor. The processor processes the data and / or information. The communication interface is further configured to output (also referred to as output) the data and / or information processed by the processor, thereby performing the operations and / or processes performed by the transmitter in any one of the method embodiments.

[0336] Additionally, the present application further provides a communication device including at least one processor coupled to at least one memory and configured to execute computer programs or instructions stored in the at least one memory, enabling the communication device to perform the actions and / or processes performed by the transmitter in any one of the method embodiments.

[0337] Additionally, the present application further provides a communication device including a processor and a memory. Optionally, the communication device may further include a transceiver. The memory is configured to store a computer program. The processor is configured to access and execute the computer program stored in the memory and control the transceiver to receive and transmit signals, such that the communication device performs the operations and / or processes performed by the transmitter in any one of the method embodiments.

[0338] The memory in the embodiments of the present application may be volatile memory or non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memory. Non-volatile memory may be read-only memory (ROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory may be random access memory (RAM) and is used as an external cache. Many forms of RAM are available, such as, by way of example and not limitation, static random access memory (static RAM, SRAM), dynamic random access memory (dynamic RAM, DRAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (synchronous DRAM, SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (double data rate SDRAM, DDRSDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (enhanced SDRAM, ESDRAM), synclink dynamic random access memory (synclink DRAM, SLDRAM), and direct rambus random access memory (direct rambus RAM, DRRAM). It should be noted that memory in the systems and methods described herein includes, but is not limited to, these and any other suitable types of memory.

[0339] All or part of the methods provided in the above embodiments may be implemented by using software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When software is used to implement an embodiment, all or part of the embodiment may be implemented in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product may include one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded into a computer and executed, procedures or functions are generated, in whole or in part, according to the embodiments of the present application. The computer may be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or another programmable device. The computer instructions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from a computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium. For example, the computer instructions may be transmitted from a website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center via wire (e.g., coaxial cable, optical fiber, or digital subscriber line) or wireless (e.g., infrared, radio, or microwave) methods. The computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer, or a data storage device, such as a server or data center, that integrates one or more available media.

[0340] In order to clearly describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, numerals such as "first" and "second" are used in the embodiments of the present application to distinguish between the same or similar items having essentially the same functions and purposes. For example, a first pre-forward error correction padding factor and a second pre-forward error correction padding factor are merely used to distinguish between two different pre-forward error correction padding factors. Those skilled in the art will understand that numerals such as "first" and "second" do not limit the quantity and execution order, and the words "first" and "second" do not indicate a clear distinction.

[0341] In the embodiments of the present application, "at least one" means one or more, and "a plurality of" means two or more. The term "and / or" describes an association relationship between related objects and indicates that three relationships may exist. For example, A and / or B may indicate three cases: A exists alone, A and B both exist, and B exists alone, where A and B may be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates an "or" relationship between related objects. "At least one of the following items" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of one item or multiple items: For example, at least one of a, b, or c may represent a, b, c, a and b, a and c, b and c, or a and b and c, where a, b, and c may be singular or plural.

[0342] Those skilled in the art may recognize that, in combination with the examples described in the embodiments disclosed herein, the units and algorithm steps may be implemented by electronic hardware or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether a function is performed by hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art may use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to go beyond the scope of this application.

[0343] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that for convenience of description, the detailed operation processes of the above-mentioned systems, devices and units can be referred to the corresponding processes in the above-mentioned method embodiments, and the details will not be described again in this specification.

[0344] In this application, unless otherwise specified, identical or similar parts in embodiments may be referenced to one another. In the embodiments and implementation / implementation methods of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise specified or unless a logical contradiction occurs, the terms and / or descriptions are consistent and may be referenced to one another between different embodiments and implementation / implementation methods of the embodiments. The technical features and implementation / implementation methods of different embodiments may be combined to form new embodiments, implementations, or implementation methods based on their internal logical relationships. The following implementations of this application are not intended to limit the protection scope of this application.

[0345] In some embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, devices, and methods may be implemented in other manners. For example, the described device embodiments are merely examples. For example, the division into units is merely a logical division of function, and actual implementation may be other divisions. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted or not implemented. In addition, the shown or discussed mutual couplings, or direct couplings, or communication connections may be implemented through some interfaces. Indirect couplings or communication connections between devices or units may be implemented in electronic, mechanical, or other forms.

[0346] The units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and the parts shown as units may or may not be physical units, located in one location or distributed over multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual requirements to achieve the objectives of the solutions of the embodiments.

[0347] In addition, the functional units in the embodiments of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, each unit may exist physically alone, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.

[0348] When a function is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, the function may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present application, or a portion of the technical solution, may be essentially implemented in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes some instructions for instructing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to perform all or some of the steps of the method described in the embodiments of the present application. The storage medium includes any medium capable of storing program code, such as a USB flash drive, a removable hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

[0349] The above description is merely a specific implementation of the present application and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application. Any variations or replacements that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present application shall fall within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present application shall be subject to the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. 1. A method for receiving a physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU), comprising: receiving a first PPDU, wherein an error between an end time of the first PPDU and a first time is less than or equal to an error threshold, and the first time is a target end time of the first PPDU; processing the first PPDU; Including, the error being less than or equal to the error threshold is achieved based on adjusting a duration of one or more of a Packet Extension (PE) field, an Very High Throughput Signal (EHT-SIG) field, and an Very High Throughput Long Training field (EHT-LTF) field of the first PPDU; the first PPDU includes a preamble, a data field, and a PE field; The preamble includes an EHT-SIG field; and the EHT-SIG field includes an initial portion and a padding portion; a duration of the padding portion in the EHT-SIG field is determined based on a first duration, an initial duration of the preamble, a duration of the PE field, and a duration of symbols in the data field; the initial duration of the preamble does not include the duration of the padding portion in the EHT-SIG field; and the first duration is a duration between the first time and a start time of the first PPDU; the duration of the padding portion is a multiple of 4 microseconds; method.

2. the duration of the PE field is determined based on the first duration, a duration of a preamble of the first PPDU, and a duration of a symbol in the data field; The method of claim 1.

3. the quantity of symbols in the data field is determined based on the first duration, the duration of the preamble, and the duration of the symbols in the data field; The method of claim 2.

4. a quantity of symbols in the data field is determined based on the first duration, the initial duration of the preamble, the duration of the PE field, and the duration of the symbols in the data field; The method of claim 1.

5. the EHT-SIG field of the first PPDU carries a Low-Density Parity Check (LDPC) Additional Symbol Segment field; the LDPC additional symbol segment field is set to a second value; the EHT-SIG field carries a second pre-forward error correction padding factor; The second value indicates that an LDPC additional symbol segment does not need to be added, The LDPC additional symbol segment field is set when the LDPC additional symbol segment condition is not met, and The LDPC additional symbol segment condition is set based on the second pre-forward error correction padding factor, the second pre-forward error correction padding factor is determined based on the duration of the PE field and a nominal packet padding capability of a receiver, or The LDPC additional symbol segment field is set to a first value, the EHT-SIG field carries a second pre-forward error correction padding factor; The first value indicates that an LDPC additional symbol segment needs to be added, The LDPC additional symbol segment field is set when an LDPC additional symbol segment condition is met, and The LDPC additional symbol segment condition is set based on a first pre-forward error correction padding factor, the first pre-forward error correction padding factor is determined based on the duration of the PE field and a nominal packet padding capability of a receiver, or the LDPC additional symbol segment field is set to a second value; the EHT-SIG field carries a first pre-forward error correction padding factor; The second value indicates that an LDPC additional symbol segment does not need to be added, The LDPC additional symbol segment field is set when an LDPC additional symbol segment condition is not met, The LDPC additional symbol segment condition is set based on the first pre-forward error correction padding factor, the first pre-forward error correction padding factor is determined based on the duration of the PE field and a nominal packet padding capability of a receiver. The method of claim 2.

6. an EHT-SIG field of the first PPDU carrying a low-density parity check (LDPC) additional symbol segment field; the LDPC additional symbol segment field is set to a first value; the LDPC additional symbol segment field carries a second pre-forward error correction padding factor; The first value indicates that an LDPC additional symbol segment needs to be added, the second pre-forward error correction padding factor is determined based on the duration of the PE field and a nominal packet padding capability of a receiver. The method of claim 2.

7. The first pre-forward error correction padding factor and the second pre-forward error correction padding factor satisfy the following formula: [Equation 1] where a1 represents the first pre-forward error correction padding factor, and a2 represents the second pre-forward error correction padding factor. The method of claim 5.

8. The duration of the PE field is The LDPC additional symbol segment condition is met, After the LDPC additional symbol segment is added, the requirement on the nominal packet padding capability of the receiver is not met, The remaining duration is 4 microseconds or more, and the duration of the PE field is less than the maximum allowed duration; When the time is increased by 4 microseconds, The LDPC additional symbol segment condition is set based on a second pre-forward error correction padding factor, and the second pre-forward error correction padding factor is determined based on the duration of the PE field obtained before 4 microseconds are added and the nominal packet padding capability of the receiver; and the remaining duration is determined based on the first duration, the duration of the preamble, the duration of the symbols in the data field, and the duration of the PE field obtained before adding 4 microseconds. The method of claim 1.

9. 1. A communication device for transmitting physical layer protocol data units (PPDUs), comprising: a receiving unit configured to receive the first PPDU; a processing unit configured to process the first PPDU; an error between the end time of the first PPDU and a first time is less than or equal to an error threshold, and the first time is a target end time of the first PPDU; and the error being less than or equal to the error threshold is achieved based on adjusting a duration of one or more of a Packet Extension (PE) field, an Very High Throughput Signal (EHT-SIG) field, and an Very High Throughput Long Training field (EHT-LTF) field of the first PPDU; the first PPDU includes a preamble, a data field, and a PE field; The preamble includes an EHT-SIG field; and the EHT-SIG field includes an initial portion and a padding portion; a duration of the padding portion in the EHT-SIG field is determined based on a first duration, an initial duration of the preamble, a duration of the PE field, and a duration of symbols in the data field; the initial duration of the preamble does not include the duration of the padding portion in the EHT-SIG field; and the first duration is a duration between the first time and a start time of the first PPDU; the duration of the padding portion is a multiple of 4 microseconds; Communication equipment.

10. the duration of the PE field is determined based on the first duration, a duration of a preamble of the first PPDU, and a duration of a symbol in the data field; The communication device according to claim 9.

11. the quantity of symbols in the data field is determined based on the first duration, the duration of the preamble, and the duration of the symbols in the data field; The communication device according to claim 10.

12. a quantity of symbols in the data field is determined based on the first duration, the initial duration of the preamble, the duration of the PE field, and the duration of the symbols in the data field; The communication device according to claim 9.

13. the EHT-SIG field of the first PPDU carries a Low-Density Parity Check (LDPC) Additional Symbol Segment field; the LDPC additional symbol segment field is set to a second value; the EHT-SIG field carries a second pre-forward error correction padding factor; The second value indicates that an LDPC additional symbol segment does not need to be added, The LDPC additional symbol segment field is set when the LDPC additional symbol segment condition is not met, and The LDPC additional symbol segment condition is set based on the second pre-forward error correction padding factor, the second pre-forward error correction padding factor is determined based on the duration of the PE field and a nominal packet padding capability of a receiver, or The LDPC additional symbol segment field is set to a first value, the EHT-SIG field carries a second pre-forward error correction padding factor; The first value indicates that an LDPC additional symbol segment needs to be added, The LDPC additional symbol segment field is set when an LDPC additional symbol segment condition is met, and The LDPC additional symbol segment condition is set based on a first pre-forward error correction padding factor, the first pre-forward error correction padding factor is determined based on the duration of the PE field and a nominal packet padding capability of a receiver, or the LDPC additional symbol segment field is set to a second value; the EHT-SIG field carries a first pre-forward error correction padding factor; The second value indicates that an LDPC additional symbol segment does not need to be added, The LDPC additional symbol segment field is set when an LDPC additional symbol segment condition is not met, The LDPC additional symbol segment condition is set based on the first pre-forward error correction padding factor, the first pre-forward error correction padding factor is determined based on the duration of the PE field and a nominal packet padding capability of a receiver. The communication device according to claim 10.

14. an EHT-SIG field of the first PPDU carrying a low-density parity check (LDPC) additional symbol segment field; the LDPC additional symbol segment field is set to a first value; the LDPC additional symbol segment field carries a second pre-forward error correction padding factor; The first value indicates that an LDPC additional symbol segment needs to be added, the second pre-forward error correction padding factor is determined based on the duration of the PE field and a nominal packet padding capability of a receiver. The communication device according to claim 10.

15. The first pre-forward error correction padding factor and the second pre-forward error correction padding factor satisfy the following formula: [Equation 2] where a1 represents the first pre-forward error correction padding factor, and a2 represents the second pre-forward error correction padding factor.

14. The communication device of claim 13.

16. The duration of the PE field is The LDPC additional symbol segment condition is met, After the LDPC additional symbol segment is added, the requirement on the nominal packet padding capability of the receiver is not met, The remaining duration is 4 microseconds or more, and the duration of the PE field is less than the maximum allowed duration; When the time is increased by 4 microseconds, The LDPC additional symbol segment condition is set based on a second pre-forward error correction padding factor, and the second pre-forward error correction padding factor is determined based on the duration of the PE field obtained before 4 microseconds are added and the nominal packet padding capability of the receiver; and the remaining duration is determined based on the first duration, the duration of the preamble, the duration of the symbols in the data field, and the duration of the PE field obtained before adding 4 microseconds. The communication device according to claim 9.

17. A communication device, the communication device comprises a transceiver; and The communication device is configured to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8. Communication equipment.

18. 1. A computer-readable storage medium, comprising: the computer-readable storage medium includes a computer program or instruction; The computer program or the instructions, when executed on a computer, enable the computer to carry out the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8. A computer-readable storage medium.

19. A chip, The chip comprises a processing circuit and transceiver pins, and when instructions are executed by the processing circuit, the chip is enabled to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 8. Tips.

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