Column cover and prefabricated building

Abstract

To provide a prefabricated building which improves waterproofness while improving appearance in its design, and which can broadly secure a space inside.SOLUTION: A prefabricated building includes: a hollow four-prism-shaped column cover supported by tabular members coming into contact with respective corner parts of a column; an outer wall end part cover fixed to one of the long surfaces forming the corner parts of the prism, and for covering the end part of an outer wall member; a column cover for sash fixed to one of the long surfaces forming the corner parts of the prism, and for supporting a sash presser; and a footing cover provided between a foundation and an outer wall.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a column cover and a prefabricated building. [Background technology]

[0002] Conventionally, prefabricated buildings have been known that can be easily constructed at a construction site by assembling a steel frame consisting of columns, beams, and girders on a concrete foundation as shown in Figure 5, and then attaching exterior walls, sashes, ceilings, etc.

[0003] Patent Document 1 discloses a simple structure that includes a steel frame body with an approximately rectangular parallelepiped outer shape assembled from pillars, beams, and girders, five steel panels attached to the ceiling and four side surfaces of the steel frame body, and a bottom opening that penetrates the bottom of the steel frame body. Furthermore, the simple structure is placed on a concrete foundation buried within the installation surface. Because the steel frame body is exposed on the outside and a large portion of the foundation is exposed, this simple structure is not only undesirable from a design perspective, but also difficult to say is superior in terms of usability of the interior space and water infiltration. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2022-138941 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] Typically, in prefabricated buildings, when columns are installed on foundations, the columns are installed with the anchor bolts protruding from the foundation exposed to the outside of the building, as shown in Figure 6. Buildings with visible anchor bolts exposed from the foundation are unsightly from an aesthetic perspective. Furthermore, because exterior walls and sash components are placed between the columns, and ceiling components are placed on the same plane as the upper beams and girders, the spaces formed by the inner surfaces of the thick walls and the undersides of the ceiling become usable space, potentially reducing the interior space of the building. Furthermore, although the gaps between the frame and exterior wall components, the frame and sash components, and the frame and ceiling are typically sealed with welding or filler, water may enter the building from the outside through gaps created by rust or other factors.

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide a prefabricated building that has an improved exterior design, improved waterproofing, and a large interior space. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] The present invention, which was completed with this objective in mind, is a hollow rectangular pillar cover that is supported by plate-like members that abut against the two long faces that form the corners of a rectangular pillar that makes up a building, is formed integrally with the plate-like members, and is positioned along the corners of the rectangular pillar. The present invention also relates to a prefabricated building that includes a hollow rectangular pillar cover that is supported by plate-like members that abut against two long faces that form the corners of a rectangular pillar that constitutes the building, is formed integrally with the plate-like members, and is positioned along the corners of the rectangular pillar. Here, the prefabricated building may also include an exterior wall end cover that is fixed to one of the long faces that form the corner of the square pillar and covers the end of the exterior wall member. The building may also be a prefabricated building comprising the square pillar and a sash pillar cover fixed to one of the long faces forming the corner of the square pillar and supporting a sash retainer. The building may also be a prefabricated building that is provided with a foot cover that covers anchor bolts protruding from the foundation, is positioned in the space between the foundation and the exterior wall member, and has a step on the inside of the exterior wall member that is higher than the surface supporting the exterior wall member. The building may also be a prefabricated building equipped with the exterior wall end cover, the sash column cover, and the foot cover. [Effects of the Invention]

[0008] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a prefabricated building that improves the design of the exterior, improves waterproofing, and ensures a large interior space. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0009] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a prefabricated building to which the present embodiment is applied. [Figure 2] 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a column cover, an exterior wall end cover, and a sash column cover of a prefabricated building to which this embodiment is applied. [Figure 3] FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a column cover for a prefabricated building. [Figure 4] 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a foot cover of a prefabricated building to which this embodiment is applied. [Figure 5] 1 shows a steel frame of a prefabricated building according to the prior art. [Figure 6] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a prefabricated building according to the prior art. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0010] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. <Configuration of prefabricated buildings> FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a prefabricated building to which this embodiment is applied. The prefabricated building 1 is composed of a foundation 8, a base plate 10, an exterior wall 15, a sash 16, a ceiling 17, a column cover 20, an exterior wall end cover 21, a column cover for the sash 22, a foot cover 23, and a steel frame body 14 consisting of columns 11, beams 12 and girders 13 (not shown).

[0011] The concrete foundation 8, the base plate 10 placed on top of it, and the steel frame 14 consisting of columns 11, beams 12 and girders 13 can be constructed using known prefabricated building construction techniques. The foundation 8 is formed by pouring concrete over the entire area of ​​the site of the prefabricated building 1, and anchor bolts 101 (see FIG. 2) that connect the foundation 8 to the prefabricated building 1 are installed. The base plate 10 is a steel member that is placed under the column 11 and supports the column 11, and is a plate-like member that extends around the base of the column 11. The base plate 10 has holes formed in positions that correspond to anchor bolts 101 embedded in the foundation 8, and the column 11 can be fixed to the foundation 8 by fastening the base plate 10 with the anchor bolts 101 that pass through the holes. The column 11 is a rectangular column made of steel. For example, the column may be a hollow rectangular column measuring 7.5 cm square and 2.3 m long. The column covers 20 are long steel covers attached to the columns 11, and are placed outside the building relative to the columns 11. From the outside, it can be seen that the column covers 20 are placed at the four corners of the completed prefabricated building. The column covers 20 are hollow rectangular column covers that are placed along the corners of the rectangular column-shaped columns 11. The exterior wall end cover 21 is a steel cover for covering the end of the exterior wall 15. It is placed next to the column cover 20 and abuts against the column 11 on the side of the exterior wall of the prefabricated building 1. The sash column cover 22 is a steel cover that is placed against the column 11 so as to be next to the column cover 20 on the sash side of the prefabricated building 1. The foot cover 23 is disposed between the foundation 8 and the exterior wall 15 on the side of the prefabricated building 1 where the exterior wall 15 is located. In the area where the base plate 10 is disposed, the foot cover 23 is disposed on top of the base plate 10, and the exterior wall 15 is disposed on top of the foot cover 23. The upper portions of the anchor bolts 101, which are partially embedded in the foundation 8, protrude from the foundation 8 and further protrude through holes in the base plate 10. In FIG. 1, both ends of the foot cover 23 are hidden inside the lower ends of the exterior wall end covers 21, but both ends of the foot cover 23 extend so as to ride over the base plate 10. As an alternative to the configuration shown in FIG. 1, the lower ends of the exterior wall end covers 21 may be at the same level as the upper portions of the foot cover 23, so that both ends of the foot cover 23 are not hidden by the exterior wall end covers 21. In addition, the foot cover 23 extends horizontally beyond the base plate 10 arranged around the pillar 11, but in areas where there is no base plate 10, the foot cover 23 is arranged directly above the foundation 8. Therefore, as shown in Figure 1, the lower structure of the foot cover 23 is formed in a shape that follows the step formed by the foundation 8 and the base plate 10. As described above, the foot cover 23 covers the anchor bolts 101 protruding from the foundation 8, is positioned in the space between the foundation 8 and the exterior wall 15, and has a step on the inside of the exterior wall 15 that is higher than the surface supporting the exterior wall 15. Furthermore, although the example in which the foot cover is disposed under the exterior wall 15 has been described, it may also be disposed under the sash 16. Without the above-mentioned column cover 20, exterior wall end cover 21, sash column cover 22, and foot cover 23, the anchor bolts 101 located on the outside of the steel frame body 14 would be exposed from the outside, detracting from the aesthetic appearance of the building. Because the foot cover 23 is positioned to cover the anchor bolts 101, the anchor bolts 101 are not visible from the outside, improving the design of the building.

[0012] In Figure 1, for clarity of explanation, the foundation 8 is depicted as protruding slightly above the ground, but in reality it may be at the same height as the ground or buried underground.

[0013] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a column cover, an outer wall end cover, and a sash column cover of a prefabricated building to which this embodiment is applied. (Pillar cover 20) Column 11, a rectangular prism that constitutes a prefabricated building, forms a quadrangle with four corners in a cross-sectional view. Surfaces 11a and 11b, which form the corners of the exterior side facing the corners of the interior side of the prefabricated building, are elongated surfaces extending vertically. Plate-shaped members 201a and 201b abut on surfaces 11a and 11b, respectively. Therefore, plate-shaped members 201a and 201b support column cover 20 and are formed as an integral part of column cover 20. As shown in FIG. 2, column cover 20 is a hollow rectangular prism and is arranged to extend vertically along the corners of column 11. As shown in FIG. 2, exterior wall 15 is arranged outside column 11 of the building, and column cover 20 is arranged to fit into the space at the corner of the building on the extension of the end of exterior wall 15, resulting in a building shape with excellent design. As described above, the pillar cover 20 is a hollow rectangular pillar-shaped cover that is supported by plate-shaped members 201a and 201b that respectively abut on the two long faces that form the corners of the rectangular pillar that constitutes the building, and is formed integrally with the plate-shaped members 201a and 201b and is positioned along the corners of the rectangular pillar.

[0014] (Exterior wall end cover 21) The exterior wall end cover 21 is fixed to one of the long faces forming the corner of the column 11, and is a cover that covers the end of the exterior wall 15. The exterior wall end cover 21 is composed of a flat plate that covers part of the exterior wall surface, a face that extends perpendicularly from the flat plate and abuts the exterior wall end, and a support member that is fixed to face 11a. Here, fixing the exterior wall end cover 21 to face 11a of the column 11 does not necessarily mean that it is fixed by direct contact, but also includes a case in which the plate-like member 201a of the column cover 20 is stacked on face 11a and the support member 211 of the exterior wall end cover 21 is fixed on top of that with screws 31. The space 215 between the column cover 20 and the exterior wall end cover 21 is a concave space that is suitable for fastening the above-mentioned stacked members with screws 31. The space 215 is a narrow space that is not noticeable from the outside, but it is also a space that can store the screws 31. As a result, the screws 31 are hidden from view from the outside, and not only do they not detract from the aesthetic appearance, but the design of the space 215 itself further enhances the design quality.

[0015] Conventionally, it was not possible to place the exterior wall 15 on the exterior side of the building beyond the column 11 for aesthetic reasons and structural safety reasons. However, by installing the exterior wall end cover 21, the exterior wall 15 can be installed so that it protrudes beyond the surface 11a of the column 11 and abuts against part of the surface 11a. This makes it possible to place the exterior wall 15 further outward than before, thereby making the interior space of the building larger.

[0016] (Sash pillar cover 22) The sash pillar cover 22 is a cover that is fixed to one of the long surfaces that form a corner of the pillar 11 and supports the sash retainer 161. The sash pillar cover 22 is fixed to the surface 11b of the pillar 11. Fixing the sash pillar cover 22 to the surface 11b does not mean that the sash pillar cover 22 needs to be fixed in direct contact with the surface 11b, but also includes a case where the plate-like member 201b of the pillar cover 20 is stacked on the surface 11b and the support member 221 of the sash pillar cover 22 is fixed on top of that with screws 32.

[0017] The space 225 between the pillar cover 20 and the sash pillar cover 22 is a concave space that is suitable for fastening the above-mentioned stacked members with screws 32. The space 225 is a narrow space that is not noticeable from the outside, yet it is a space that can accommodate the screws 32. As a result, the screws 32 are hidden from view from the outside, and not only do they not detract from the aesthetic appearance, but the design of the space 225 itself further enhances the design quality. In Figure 1, the support member 221 is screwed to the pillar 11 while overlapping the top (outside) of the plate-shaped member 201, but the support member 221 may also be screwed to the pillar 11 while overlapping the bottom (inside) of the plate-shaped member 201.

[0018] Conventionally, it was not possible to position the surface of the sash 16 further outward from the pillar 11 than the building for aesthetic reasons and structural safety reasons. However, by installing the sash pillar cover 22, the sash retainer 161 can be installed so that it protrudes beyond the surface 11b of the pillar 11 and abuts against the surface 11c and a portion of the sash pillar cover 22. This makes it possible to position the sash 16 further outward from the building than before, ensuring a larger interior space for the building. Furthermore, because of the support of the sash pillar cover 22, protruding the sash surface outward also improves the design.

[0019] As described above, by providing the column covers 20, the exterior wall end covers 21, and the sash column covers 22, it is possible to provide a building with a superior design compared to prefabricated buildings with a conventional design that exposes the columns 11. Furthermore, by extending the exterior walls 15 and sashes 16, which were previously installed between the columns, outward, it is possible to ensure a larger interior space for the prefabricated building.

[0020] Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a column cover for a prefabricated building. In Fig. 2, plate-like members 201a and 201b of column cover 20 are connected and formed as a single unit, but as in the example of column cover shown in Fig. 3, plate-like members 201a and 201b may be spaced apart. It is sufficient that plate-like members 201a and 201b are fixed to surfaces 11a and 11b of the rectangular column of column 11 to support column cover 20.

[0021] FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a foot cover of a prefabricated building to which this embodiment is applied. (Foot cover 23) Foot cover 23 covers anchor bolts 101 protruding from foundation 8, and is disposed between foundation 8 and exterior wall 15. Foot cover 23 has surface 23b that rises perpendicularly from surface 23a that supports exterior wall 15 along the inside of exterior wall 15, and also has surface 23c that is higher than 23a. Therefore, even if rain that falls on the outer surface of exterior wall 15 flows down and tries to enter the interior by running over surface 23a, the difference in level between surface 23a and surface 23c, which is higher than surface 23a, prevents further water from entering. The outer wall 15 and the foot cover 23 may be fixed to the surface 23b or the like by using screws. [Explanation of symbols]

[0022] 1...prefabricated building, 8...foundation, 10...base plate, 11...column, 11a, 11b, 11c, 11d...surface of square column, 12...beam, 13...girder, 14...steel frame body, 15...exterior wall, 16...sash, 17...ceiling, 20...column cover, 21...exterior wall end cover, 22...sash column cover, 23...foot cover, 31, 32...screw, 101...anchor bolt, 161...sash retainer, 201a, 201b...plate-shaped member, 211, 221...support member, 215, 225...space

Claims

1. A hollow rectangular pillar cover is supported by plate-like members that abut against the two long faces that form the corners of a rectangular pillar that constitutes a building, and is formed integrally with the plate-like members and is positioned along the corners of the rectangular pillar.

2. A prefabricated building comprising the square pillar and the pillar cover according to claim 1.

3. The prefabricated building according to claim 2, further comprising an exterior wall end cover fixed to one of the long faces forming the corner of the square pillar and covering the end of the exterior wall member.

4. 3. A prefabricated building according to claim 2, comprising: the square pillar; and a sash pillar cover fixed to one of the long faces forming the corner of the square pillar and supporting a sash retainer.

5. A prefabricated building as described in claim 3, further comprising a foot cover that covers the anchor bolts protruding from the foundation, is positioned in the space between the foundation and the exterior wall member, and has a step on the inside of the exterior wall member that is higher than the surface supporting the exterior wall member.

6. A prefabricated building comprising: the exterior wall end cover according to claim 3; the sash column cover according to claim 4; and the foot cover according to claim 5.

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