Composite floor

Abstract

To provide a composite floor excellent in stress transmission between a wooden surface material and a concrete floor slab, and free from the risk of lowering productivity of the wooden surface material and lowering on-site workability of the concrete floor slab.SOLUTION: Provided is a composite floor 50 including a wood panel 10 and a concrete slab 20 disposed on one wide surface 10a of the wood panel 10. The wood panel 10 is a veneer-attached material formed by arranging a plurality of veneers 11, 12 horizontally and joining them together. The plurality of veneers 11, 12 include a first veneer 11 and a second veneer 12 that is taller than the first veneer 11, and an opening 18 is provided in the second veneer 12 so as to straddle a protruding region 17A that is taller than the first veneer 11 and a non-protruding region 17B that is shorter. The protruding region 17A is embedded in the concrete slab 20, and the concrete of the concrete slab 20 penetrates the opening 18 to form a shear key.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to synthetic flooring. [Background technology]

[0002] On October 1, 2010, the "Law Concerning the Promotion of the Use of Wood in Public Buildings, etc." came into effect. One of the aims of this law is to contribute to the realization of carbon neutrality and the prevention of global warming. For example, efforts are being made to convert low-rise public buildings to wooden structures (converting to wooden structures) and to woodification (using wood for interior decoration, etc.), and the use of wood is currently being promoted.

[0003] Furthermore, the Building Standards Act was amended in 2000 to abolish the previous restriction that wooden buildings be no more than three stories high. Now, wooden buildings of four stories or more are permitted, provided that the main structural members are fire-resistant, even if they are made of wood. Combined with the above-mentioned Wood Utilization Promotion Act, it is expected that the construction of wooden buildings, including high-rise buildings, will become increasingly popular in the future.

[0004] Now, when we turn our attention to the floors of buildings such as apartment buildings, when floors are constructed using only wood, such as wood surface materials, in order to improve or enhance performance that is an issue with wood, such as sound insulation and fire resistance, composite floors may be constructed in which wood surface materials are laminated with concrete floor slabs, as proposed in Patent Documents 1 and 2, for example.

[0005] Patent Document 1 proposes a load-bearing board member that includes wood layers stacked so that the fiber direction of the wood fibers crosses each other, and a concrete or mortar layer bonded to one side of the wood layer, with the wood layer and the concrete or mortar layer being connected via stress transmission means. More specifically, multiple recesses are formed on the top surface of the wood layer, and lag screws, which are stress transmission means, are screwed into the recesses, and concrete flows into the recesses to form protrusions that engage with the recesses.

[0006] On the other hand, Patent Document 2 proposes a composite floor structure, which comprises a wooden floor made of wood materials, a reinforced concrete slab placed on the top surface of the wooden floor, and wood screw-like screws driven into the top surface of the wooden floor to connect the wooden floor and the reinforced concrete slab, and no fire-resistant covering material is placed on the underside of the wooden floor. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0007] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2017-78307 [Patent Document 2] Patent Publication No. 2021-173020 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0008] The load-bearing board member described in Patent Document 1 is said to be able to reduce the weight of the load-bearing board member and improve its strength. On the other hand, the composite floor structure described in Patent Document 2 is said to be able to expose the wooden surface of the wooden floor structure because no fire-resistant covering material is provided on the underside of the wooden floor structure.

[0009] However, the load-bearing board member described in Patent Document 1 requires the processing of recesses into the wood layer, which requires time and effort to produce the wood layer, posing productivity issues, and this issue becomes even more pronounced as the number of recesses is increased.

[0010] On the other hand, in the composite floor structure described in Patent Document 2, stress is transmitted between the wooden structural floor and the reinforced concrete slab using screws, so it is unavoidable that a large number of screws are required to achieve the required stress transmission performance. This means that the reinforced concrete slab must be constructed under conditions where many screws protrude from the top surface of the wooden structural floor, which poses a problem of reduced workability of the reinforced concrete slab.

[0011] The present invention has been made in consideration of the above-mentioned problems, and aims to provide a composite floor that has excellent stress transmission properties between the wood surface material and the concrete floor slab, and does not pose a risk of reduced productivity of the wood surface material or reduced on-site workability of the concrete floor slab. [Means for solving the problem]

[0012] In order to achieve the above object, one aspect of the synthetic bed according to the present invention is: A composite floor having a wood surface material and a concrete floor slab disposed on one wide surface of the wood surface material, The wood surface material is a veneer-attached material formed by arranging a plurality of veneers horizontally and joining them together, The plurality of veneers include a first veneer and a second veneer that is taller than the first veneer, and an opening is provided in the second veneer so as to straddle a protruding region that is taller than the first veneer and a non-protruding region that is lower than the first veneer, The protruding region is embedded in the concrete slab, and the concrete of the concrete slab penetrates into the opening to form a shear key.

[0013] According to this aspect, the stress transfer mechanism between the wood panel and the concrete slab is achieved by relatively increasing the height of some of the veneers that make up the veneer stack (a wood panel consisting of multiple veneers arranged horizontally). The openings, which straddle the protruding and non-protruding areas of the veneers, allow the concrete of the concrete slab to penetrate through the openings. This eliminates the need for dissimilar components, such as shaped steel members, or fasteners to secure the shaped steel members to the wood panel. The concrete that penetrates the openings (the penetrating concrete) forms a shear key, resulting in a composite floor with excellent stress transfer. Furthermore, the construction of the veneer stack, a wood panel, requires only the use of veneers of different heights, eliminating the need for recesses, which reduces the construction cost of the composite floor. Furthermore, the application of numerous screws also eliminates the need for a large number of screws, which reduces the workability of the concrete slab.

[0014] Here, the penetrating concrete body that penetrates the opening in the second veneer not only forms a shear resistance mechanism against the acting shear force, but also functions as a peeling resistance mechanism (or separation resistance mechanism) that resists peeling (separation) in the vertical direction between the concrete floor slab and the wooden surface material. Here, by adjusting the size and position of the opening (position of the interface between the protruding area and the non-protruding area), the cross-sectional area of ​​the protruding area (cross-sectional area of ​​the penetrating concrete body) and the planar area of ​​the interface can be adjusted, making it possible to change both the shear resistance performance and the peeling resistance performance.

[0015] Various types of reinforcing bars are arranged inside the concrete deck, such as double reinforcement, which has upper and lower end reinforcement, where multiple reinforcing bars are arranged in a grid pattern in perpendicular directions, and single reinforcement, where multiple reinforcing bars are arranged in a grid pattern in the center of the deck thickness in perpendicular directions.

[0016] The wood surface material (material with multiple veneers) that forms this embodiment includes a form in which only one second veneer is sandwiched among a large number of first veneers arranged horizontally, and a form with multiple second veneers, for example, a second veneer is sandwiched between every three or five first veneers arranged horizontally.However, from the perspective of stress transmission throughout the wood surface material and the concrete floor slab, a wood surface material consisting of a material with multiple second veneers is preferred.

[0017] In either form, the height of some of the veneers that make up the veneer juxtaposition material is made relatively high, and openings are provided that span the protruding areas that are higher than the other veneers and the non-protruding areas that are lower, and the concrete of the concrete floor slab is penetrated through the openings.This means that when forming a composite floor with the required stress transmission properties, it is no longer necessary to use a large number of screws, and there is no risk of a decrease in workability when constructing a concrete floor slab above a wooden surface material.

[0018] In another embodiment of the synthetic floor according to the present invention, The second veneer is characterized in that a plurality of the openings are provided at intervals in the longitudinal direction thereof, and a plurality of the shear keys are formed therein.

[0019] According to this aspect, the second veneer has multiple openings spaced apart in its longitudinal direction and multiple shear keys formed, thereby forming a composite floor with even better stress transferability between the wood surface material and the concrete floor slab. Here, as described above, the veneer-attached material, which is a wood surface material, has multiple second veneers, and each second veneer has multiple openings spaced apart in its longitudinal direction, so that as many shear keys as possible can be formed throughout the veneer-attached material, further improving stress transferability.

[0020] Another aspect of the synthetic floor according to the present invention is The second veneer is characterized in that a shaft member is embedded on the side of the opening from the concrete slab side.

[0021] According to this embodiment, an axial member is embedded in the second veneer on the side of the opening from the concrete slab side. Therefore, even if a crack occurs connecting the opening and the end of the second veneer and part of the second veneer is damaged, the axial member connects the protruding and non-protruding areas of the second veneer, thereby suppressing brittle shear failure of the second veneer and increasing the toughness of the composite floor when shear force is applied.

[0022] Here, wood screws, nails, lag screw bolts, etc. can be used as the shaft members, and the shaft members are embedded in the second veneer by driving or screwing them from above the concrete slab side of the second veneer.

[0023] Another aspect of the synthetic floor according to the present invention is A composite floor having a wood surface material and a concrete floor slab disposed on one wide surface of the wood surface material, The wood surface material is a veneer-attached material formed by arranging a plurality of veneers horizontally and joining them together, The plurality of veneers include a first veneer and a second veneer, and the second veneer is a composite veneer in which a third veneer having the same height as the first veneer and a fourth veneer having a height higher than the third veneer are joined together, and an opening is provided in the fourth veneer so as to straddle a protruding region that is higher than the first veneer and the third veneer and a non-protruding region that is lower than the first veneer and the third veneer, The protruding region is embedded in the concrete slab, and the concrete of the concrete slab penetrates into the opening to form a shear key.

[0024] According to this aspect, as a stress transfer mechanism between the wood surface material and the concrete floor slab, some of the multiple veneers that make up the veneer adjacent material (second veneer) are made into a composite veneer consisting of a third veneer and a fourth veneer, with the fourth veneer having a relatively taller veneer (fourth veneer), and the concrete of the concrete floor slab is penetrated through an opening in the fourth veneer that straddles a protruding area that is higher than the other veneers and a non-protruding area that is lower than the other veneers. This eliminates the need for structural steel members and other dissimilar components other than the structural steel members that make up the wood surface material, or fasteners to secure the structural steel members to the wood surface material, and the concrete that penetrates the opening (penetrating concrete body) acts as a shear key, making it possible to form a composite floor with excellent stress transfer properties.

[0025] Furthermore, by having one or more fourth veneers protrude upward from the top surfaces of multiple first veneers or multiple third veneers, the protruding areas of the fourth veneers not only form the shear resistance mechanism described above, but also form a bearing resistance mechanism by the side surfaces of the protruding areas, and become shear keys that resist the shear forces acting on the shear resistance mechanism and the bearing resistance mechanism.

[0026] The wood surface material (material with multiple composite veneers) that forms this embodiment includes a form in which only one composite veneer is sandwiched among a large number of first veneers arranged horizontally, and a form that includes multiple composite veneers, for example, a composite veneer is sandwiched between every three or five first veneers arranged horizontally.However, from the perspective of stress transmission throughout the wood surface material and the concrete floor slab, a wood surface material consisting of a material with multiple composite veneers and multiple composite veneers is preferred.

[0027] In another embodiment of the synthetic floor according to the present invention, A plurality of the fourth veneers are arranged at intervals in the longitudinal direction of the composite veneer, and a plurality of the shear keys are formed.

[0028] According to this aspect, by providing multiple fourth veneers at intervals in the longitudinal direction of the composite veneer and forming multiple shear keys, a composite floor can be formed that has even better stress transferability between the wood surface material and the concrete floor slab. Here, as described above, the veneer-adjacent material, which is a wood surface material, comprises multiple composite veneers, and each composite veneer has multiple fourth veneers with openings, so that as many shear keys as possible can be formed throughout the veneer-adjacent material, further improving stress transferability.

[0029] In another embodiment of the synthetic floor according to the present invention, The fourth veneer is characterized in that a shaft member is embedded on the side of the opening from the concrete slab side.

[0030] According to this embodiment, an axial member is embedded in the fourth veneer on the side of the opening from the concrete floor slab side. Therefore, even if a crack occurs connecting the opening and the end of the fourth veneer and part of the fourth veneer is damaged, the axial member connects the protruding and non-protruding areas of the fourth veneer, thereby suppressing brittle shear failure of the fourth veneer and increasing the toughness of the composite floor when shear force is applied.

[0031] Another aspect of the synthetic floor according to the present invention is The wood surface material is either a laminated veneer lumber or a nailed laminated lumber.

[0032] According to this embodiment, the veneer-coated wood surface material is either laminated veneer lumber (LVL) or nail-laminated timber (NLT), so that various types of wood surface materials can be applied.

[0033] In particular, when the wood surface material is a nail-jointed laminated board, the veneers are connected to each other using only nails, without using adhesive, which makes it possible to keep the production cost of the wood surface material as low as possible, and furthermore, since the veneers are connected to each other using nails, the connection strength is high and a wood surface material with high rigidity can be formed, which is preferable. [Effects of the Invention]

[0034] As can be understood from the above explanation, the composite floor of the present invention can provide a composite floor that has excellent stress transmission properties between the wood surface material and the concrete floor slab, and does not pose a risk of reduced productivity of the wood surface material or reduced on-site workability of the concrete floor slab. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0035] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an example of a synthetic floor according to a first embodiment. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of part II in FIG. [Figure 3] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an example of a wood surface material that forms an example of a synthetic floor according to a first embodiment. [Figure 4] 4 is a view seen in the direction of the arrows IV-IV in FIG. 1, and is a cross-sectional view taken at a midpoint of the opening in the second veneer. [Figure 5] 2 is a view seen in the direction of arrows VV in FIG. 1, and is a vertical cross-sectional view taken at a midpoint of the opening in the second veneer. [Figure 6] FIG. 10 is a perspective view of an example of a synthetic floor according to a second embodiment. [Figure 7] FIG. 10 is a perspective view of an example of a wood surface material that forms an example of a synthetic floor according to a second embodiment. [Figure 8] 8 is a view seen in the direction of arrows VIII-VIII in FIG. 6, and is a vertical cross-sectional view taken at a midpoint of the opening in the fourth veneer. [Figure 9] FIG. 10 is a perspective view of an example of a synthetic floor according to a third embodiment. [Figure 10] FIG. 10 is a side view simulating a state in which a crack connecting the opening and the edge has occurred in the fourth veneer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0036] Hereinafter, the composite floor according to each embodiment will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In this specification and drawings, substantially the same components are designated by the same reference numerals, and redundant description may be omitted.

[0037] [Synthetic floor according to the first embodiment] First, an example of a composite floor according to the first embodiment will be described with reference to Figures 1 to 5. Here, Figure 1 is a perspective view of an example of a composite floor according to the first embodiment, Figure 2 is an enlarged view of part II in Figure 1, and Figure 3 is a perspective view of an example of a wood surface material forming an example of a composite floor according to the first embodiment. Also, Figure 4 is a view taken along the arrows IV-IV in Figure 1 and is a cross-sectional view cut at a midpoint of the opening in the second veneer, and Figure 5 is a view taken along the arrows VV in Figure 1 and is a longitudinal-sectional view cut at a midpoint of the opening in the second veneer.

[0038] The composite floor 50 has a wooden surface material 10 made of a veneer juxtaposed material and a concrete floor slab 20 placed on one wide surface 10a of the wooden surface material 10. Inside the concrete floor slab 20, there is double reinforcement and single reinforcement, in which multiple reinforcing bars are arranged in a grid pattern when viewed from above, but these reinforcement arrangements are not shown in the figures.

[0039] The illustrated wood panel 10 is made of nailed laminated lumber (NLT). NLT 10 is a veneer assemblies in which multiple first veneers 11, each having a height t1 and made of sawn boards with aligned grain, are joined together with nails, and multiple second veneers 12, each having a height t2 (>t1) that is relatively higher than the first veneers 11, are joined to the first veneers 11 with nails, resulting in multiple first veneers 11 and multiple second veneers 12 lined up horizontally.

[0040] The illustrated wood surface material 10 has a configuration in which three second veneers 12 are interposed between a plurality of first veneers 11 arranged horizontally, but the number of second veneers 12 can be set in various ways.

[0041] Here, the wood surface material 10 may be other types of veneer combination material such as laminated veneer lumber (LVL) in addition to NLT, but NLT is preferable because the veneers are connected to each other using only nails and no adhesive is used, which makes it possible to keep the production costs of the wood surface material as low as possible, and furthermore, because the veneers are connected to each other using nails, the connection strength is high and a highly rigid wood surface material can be formed.

[0042] The second veneer 12 is provided with a plurality of openings 18 (seven in the illustrated example) spaced apart in the longitudinal direction, straddling the protruding region 17A, which is higher than the first veneer 11, and the non-protruding region 17B, which is lower than the first veneer 11. Here, the openings 18 in the illustrated example are circular when viewed from the side, but the shape of the openings 18 when viewed from the side may be other than circular, such as an ellipse or a polygon including a rectangle.

[0043] The protruding region 17A of each second veneer 12 is embedded inside the concrete slab 20 constructed on site, and the opening 18 is filled with concrete poured on site and hardened to form a penetrating concrete body 25 that penetrates the opening 18.

[0044] In the illustrated example, the upper half of the circular opening 18 in side view is in the protruding region 17A and the lower half is in the non-protruding region 17B, but the ratio of the upper and lower portions can be set appropriately.

[0045] As shown in Figures 4 and 5, when a horizontal shear force Q, for example, acts on the composite floor 50, the protruding region 17A joining the wood surface material 10 and the concrete floor slab 20 becomes a shear key that forms a shear resistance mechanism that resists the shear force Q, due to the sum of the shear resistance force S1 by the penetrating concrete body 25 (upper semi-cylindrical portion) formed inside the upper semicircle corresponding to the protruding region 17A of each opening 18 and the shear resistance force S2 at the central level of the penetrating concrete body 25 (interface level between the protruding region 17A and the non-protruding region 17B).

[0046] The magnitude of shear resistance S1 is determined by the area of ​​the upper semicircle in side view of opening 18, assuming the design standard strength of the concrete to be applied (or the shear strength based on that strength), and the magnitude of shear resistance S2 is determined by the plan area of ​​the interface between protruding region 17A and non-protruding region 17B of opening 18. As such, since the shear resistance at opening 18 is the sum of shear resistance forces S1 and S2, it is desirable to set opening 18 at a position where the sum is maximum or nearly maximum. For example, as in the illustrated example, opening 18 may be positioned so that the line dividing the circle in side view into upper and lower semicircles (the horizontal line of the diameter of the circle in side view) is aligned with the horizontal interface between protruding region 17A and non-protruding region 17B.

[0047] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 5, the penetrating concrete body 25 (the upper semi-cylindrical portion) in the protruding region 17A formed inside each opening 18 also functions as a peeling resistance mechanism, resisting peeling resistance force S3 when the concrete floor slab 20 and the wooden surface material 10 attempt to peel up and down in the Z direction.

[0048] According to the composite floor 50, the stress transfer mechanism between the wood surface material 10 and the concrete floor slab 20 is achieved by making the height of the multiple second veneers 12 that form the veneer juxtaposition material relatively higher than the height of the other multiple first veneers 11, and by penetrating the concrete of the concrete floor slab 20 through multiple openings 18 that are provided so as to straddle the protruding area 17A of the second veneer 12 that protrudes upward and the non-protruding area 17B below, thereby forming a penetrated concrete body 25. This eliminates the need for structural steel materials and other dissimilar materials other than the veneers 11, 12 that are the constituent members of the wood surface material 10, or fasteners to secure the structural steel materials and other materials to the wood surface material 10, and the protruding area 17A of the second veneer 12 acts as a shear key, thereby forming a composite floor 50 with excellent stress transfer properties.

[0049] Furthermore, when manufacturing the wood surface material 10, which is a veneer combination material, only the first veneer 11 and the second veneer 12 of different heights are used, and no recesses are required, so there is no problem of reduced manufacturability due to the need to machine recesses in the wood surface material, and the construction costs of the composite floor 50 can be reduced as much as possible. Furthermore, since there are no large numbers of screws protruding upward from the wide surface 10a of the wood surface material 10, there is no problem of reduced workability for the concrete floor slab.

[0050] [Synthetic floor according to the second embodiment] Next, an example of a composite floor according to a second embodiment will be described with reference to Fig. 6 to Fig. 8. Fig. 6 is a perspective view of an example of a composite floor according to the second embodiment, and Fig. 7 is a perspective view of an example of a wood surface material forming an example of a composite floor according to the second embodiment. Fig. 8 is a view taken along arrows VIII-VIII in Fig. 6, and is a longitudinal cross-sectional view cut at a midpoint of the opening in the fourth veneer.

[0051] The composite floor 50A has a wooden surface material 10A made of a veneer combination material and a concrete floor slab 20 arranged on one wide surface 10a of the wooden surface material 10A, and the second veneer 13 forming the wooden surface material 10A is a composite veneer in which a third veneer 14 having the same height t1 as the first veneer 11 and a fourth veneer 15 having a height t2 higher than the third veneer 14 are joined together, and differs from the composite floor 50 having the wooden surface material 10 in that an opening 18 is provided in the fourth veneer 15 that spans a protruding area 17A that is higher than the first veneer 11 and the third veneer 14 and a non-protruding area 17B that is lower.

[0052] The illustrated wood panel 10A has four composite veneers, or second veneers 13, interposed between multiple horizontally arranged first veneers 11, but the number of second veneers 13 can be varied. Furthermore, each composite veneer 13 contains three fourth veneers 15, but the number of fourth veneers 15 forming the composite veneer 13 can also be varied.

[0053] The composite veneer 13 can be produced by, for example, fastening the edge of the fourth veneer 15 with nails, gluing the edges of both the third veneer 14 and the fourth veneer 15 together, or abutting the edges of both veneers and connecting the sides near their ends with a U-shaped clamp or the like.

[0054] The protruding region 17A of each fourth veneer 15 that forms the composite veneer 13 is buried inside the concrete floor slab 20 that is constructed on site, and the opening 18, whose upper semicircle of the circular opening in side view faces the protruding region 17A, is filled with concrete poured on site and hardens, forming a penetrating concrete body 25 that penetrates the opening 18.

[0055] As shown in Figure 8, when a horizontal shear force Q, for example, acts on the composite floor 50A, the protruding area 17A joining the wood surface material 10A and the concrete floor slab 20 forms a shear resistance mechanism that resists the shear force Q by the sum of the shear resistance force S4 by the penetrating concrete body 25 (upper semi-cylindrical portion) formed inside the upper semicircle corresponding to the protruding area 17A of each opening 18 and the shear resistance force S5 at the central level of the penetrating concrete body 25.

[0056] Furthermore, the side surface 19 of the protruding region 17A forms a bearing resistance mechanism that resists the shear force Q with a bearing resistance force S6.

[0057] Therefore, the protruding region 17A of each fourth veneer 15 forming the shear key resists the acting shear force Q with the sum of the shear resistance forces S4, S5 and the bearing resistance force S6 due to the shear resistance mechanism and the bearing resistance mechanism.

[0058] In addition, the penetrating concrete body 25 (upper semi-cylindrical portion) formed inside each opening 18 in the protruding region 17A also functions as a peeling resistance mechanism, resisting peeling resistance force S5 when the concrete floor slab 20 and the wooden surface material 10A attempt to peel up and down in the Z direction.

[0059] With the composite floor 50A, the stress transfer mechanism between the wood surface material 10A and the concrete floor slab 20 is achieved by making the height of the fourth veneer 15, which forms the multiple second veneers 13 that make up the veneer juxtaposition material, relatively higher than the heights of the other first veneers 11 and third veneers 14, and by penetrating the concrete of the concrete floor slab 20 through openings 18 that straddle the protruding area 17A of the fourth veneer 15 that protrudes upward and the non-protruding area 17B below, to form a penetrated concrete body 25. This eliminates the need for structural steel or other dissimilar materials other than the veneers 11 and 13 that are the constituent members of the wood surface material 10A, or fasteners to secure the structural steel or other materials to the wood surface material 10A, and the protruding area 17A of the fourth veneer 15 acts as a shear key, resulting in the formation of a composite floor 50A with excellent stress transfer properties.

[0060] [Synthetic floor according to the third embodiment] Next, an example of a composite floor according to the third embodiment will be described with reference to Figures 9 and 10. Here, Figure 9 is a perspective view of an example of a composite floor according to the third embodiment, and Figure 10 is a side view simulating a state in which a crack connecting the opening and the edge has occurred in the fourth veneer.

[0061] The composite floor 50B differs from the composite floor 50A having the wooden surface material 10A in that the fourth veneer 15 forming the wooden surface material 10B, which is a component of the composite floor 50B, has an axial member 30 embedded from the concrete floor slab side on both sides of the opening 18.

[0062] The shaft member 30 is fitted with a wood screw, lag screw bolt, etc., and is driven or screwed into the fourth veneer 15 from above the concrete slab side, thereby embedding the shaft member 30, which extends from the protruding region 17A to the non-protruding region 17B of the fourth veneer 15.

[0063] As shown in FIG. 10, in the fourth veneer 15, the distance between the end face 15a and the opening 18 is relatively short, and therefore a crack C connecting the two is likely to occur due to the acting shear force or the like.

[0064] To address this issue, as shown in the example, an axial member 30 extending from the protruding region 17A to the non-protruding region 17B of the fourth veneer 15 is embedded on the side of the opening 18 in the fourth veneer 15. This means that even if a crack C such as that shown in Figure 10 occurs, the axial member 30 connects the protruding region 17A and the non-protruding region 17B of the fourth veneer 15, thereby suppressing brittle shear failure of the fourth veneer 15 and increasing the toughness of the composite floor 50B when a shear force is applied, which is preferable.

[0065] It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the configurations shown here, and other embodiments may be possible in which other components are combined with the configurations described in the above embodiments. In this regard, the present invention can be modified within the scope of the present invention, and can be appropriately determined depending on the application form. [Explanation of symbols]

[0066] 10, 10A, 10B: Wood surface material (nailed laminated board, NLT) 10a: Wide surface 11: First veneer (sawn board, veneer) 12: Second veneer (sawn board, veneer) 13: Second veneer (composite veneer, sawn board, veneer) 14: Third veneer (sawn board, veneer) 15: 4th veneer (sawn board, veneer) 15a: End face 17A:Protruding area (shear key) 17B: Non-protruding area 18:Aperture 19: Side 20: Concrete floor slab 25: Penetrating concrete body (shear resistance mechanism, peeling resistance mechanism) 30: Shaft material (wood screw) 50,50A,50B:Synthetic floor Q: Shear force S1, S2, S4, S5: Shear resistance S3, S6: Peeling resistance S7: Bearing resistance force

Claims

1. A composite floor having a wood surface material and a concrete floor slab disposed on one wide surface of the wood surface material, The wood surface material is a veneer-attached material formed by arranging a plurality of veneers horizontally and joining them together, The plurality of veneers include a first veneer and a second veneer that is taller than the first veneer, and an opening is provided in the second veneer so as to straddle a protruding region that is taller than the first veneer and a non-protruding region that is lower than the first veneer, A composite floor, characterized in that the protruding area is embedded in the concrete slab, and the concrete of the concrete slab penetrates into the opening to form a shear key.

2. 2. The composite floor according to claim 1, wherein the second veneer has a plurality of openings spaced apart in the longitudinal direction thereof, and a plurality of shear keys are formed therein.

3. 3. A composite floor according to claim 1, wherein a shaft member is embedded in the second veneer on the side of the opening from the concrete slab side.

4. A composite floor having a wood surface material and a concrete floor slab disposed on one wide surface of the wood surface material, The wood surface material is a veneer-attached material formed by arranging a plurality of veneers horizontally and joining them together, The plurality of veneers include a first veneer and a second veneer, and the second veneer is a composite veneer in which a third veneer having the same height as the first veneer and a fourth veneer having a height higher than the third veneer are joined together, and an opening is provided in the fourth veneer so as to straddle a protruding region that is higher than the first veneer and the third veneer and a non-protruding region that is lower than the first veneer and the third veneer, A composite floor, characterized in that the protruding area is embedded in the concrete slab, and the concrete of the concrete slab penetrates into the opening to form a shear key.

5. 5. The composite floor according to claim 4, wherein a plurality of the fourth veneers are arranged at intervals in the longitudinal direction of the composite veneer, and a plurality of the shear keys are formed.

6. 6. A composite floor according to claim 4 or 5, wherein a shaft member is embedded in the fourth veneer on the side of the opening from the concrete slab side.

7. 5. The composite floor according to claim 1, wherein the wood surface material is one of laminated veneer lumber and nailed laminated lumber.

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