Charging device and charging method

Abstract

To provide a charging device capable of efficiently converting AC power into DC power, and a charging method.SOLUTION: A charging device comprises first to third input nodes, first to third switching element groups, first to third inductive elements, and a controller. The first to third switching element groups respectively correspond to the first to third input nodes. The first inductive element is connected between the first input node and the first switching element group. The second inductive element is connected between the second input node and the second switching element group. The third inductive element is connected between the third input node and the third switching element group. When receiving first phase power in the first input node and receiving second phase power in the second input node, in response to vector control using the first phase power and the second phase power, the controller controls the first switching element group, the second switching element group and the third switching element group.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a charging device and a charging method. [Background technology]

[0002] A charging device connected between the AC power supply and the battery converts AC power received from the AC power supply into DC power, and charges the battery with the DC power. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Patent No. 7280796 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] It is desirable for the charging device to efficiently convert AC power to DC power.

[0005] The present disclosure provides a charging device and a charging method that can efficiently convert AC power into DC power. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] A charging device according to the present disclosure includes a first input node, a second input node, a third input node, a first switching element group, a second switching element group, a third switching element group, a first inductive element, a second inductive element, a third inductive element, and a controller. The first switching element group corresponds to the first input node. The second switching element group corresponds to the second input node. The third switching element group corresponds to the third input node. The first inductive element is connected between the first input node and the first switching element group. The second inductive element is connected between the second input node and the second switching element group. The third inductive element is connected between the third input node and the third switching element group. When the controller receives first phase power at a first input node and second phase power at a second input node, the controller controls the first switching element group, the second switching element group, and the third switching element group according to vector control using the first phase power and the second phase power. [Effects of the Invention]

[0007] The charging device according to the present disclosure can efficiently convert AC power into DC power. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0008] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the configuration of a charging device according to an embodiment. [Figure 2] 10A and 10B are diagrams illustrating a change in the connection configuration of the charging device according to the embodiment when a wire is broken. [Figure 3] FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the configuration of a controller according to the embodiment. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a waveform diagram showing the operation of a controller according to the embodiment. [Figure 5] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the configuration of a controller according to a first modified example of the embodiment. [Figure 6] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the configuration of a controller in a second modified example of the embodiment. [Figure 7] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the configuration of a charging device according to a third modified example of the embodiment. [Figure 8]FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a change in the connection configuration of a charging device according to a third modified example of the embodiment when a wire is broken. [Figure 9] FIG. 10 is a waveform diagram showing the operation of a charging device according to a third modified example of the embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0009] Hereinafter, embodiments of a charging device according to the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings.

[0010] (Embodiment) The charging device according to the embodiment is connected between an AC power source and a battery, converts AC power received from the AC power source into DC power, and charges the battery with that DC power, but is devised to efficiently convert AC power into DC power.

[0011] The charging device 1 can be configured as shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 1 is a diagram showing the configuration of the charging device 1.

[0012] The charging device 1 is electrically connected between an AC power source PS and a battery BT. The charging device 1 may be connected to the battery BT via a load circuit LD. The charging device 1 converts an AC voltage Vin from the AC power source PS into DC power including a DC voltage Vsub while boosting the voltage, and supplies the converted DC power to the battery BT via the load circuit LD. This charges the battery BT. For example, the charging device 1 may include an on-board charger installed in an electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle. The AC power source PS may be a power system in a charging station. The load circuit LD may include a DC-DC converter and may further include a DC filter. The battery BT may include an on-board battery.

[0013] The AC power supply PS may generate three-phase AC power or single-phase AC power. The charging device 1 may convert the three-phase AC power to a DC voltage Vsub or may convert the single-phase AC power to a DC voltage Vsub. The three phases will be referred to as the L1 phase, L2 phase, and L3 phase. The ground line LN11 will also be referred to as the N-phase line LN11.

[0014] The following describes an example in which an AC power supply PS generates three-phase AC power and a charging device 1 converts the three-phase AC power into a DC voltage Vsub. The AC power supply PS may include a power supply P1, a power supply P2, and a power supply P3. The power supply P1 generates L1-phase power. The power supply P2 generates L2-phase power. The power supply P3 generates L3-phase power.

[0015] The charging device 1 has a plurality of input nodes Nin1 to Nin4 and a plurality of output nodes Nout1 to Nout2. The input node Nin1 is connected to a power source P1 and receives L1-phase power. The L1-phase power is supplied as an L1-phase voltage V L1 and L1 phase current I L1 The input node Nin2 is connected to the power supply P2 and receives the L2-phase power. The L2-phase power is supplied by the L2-phase voltage V L2 and L2 phase current I L2 The input node Nin3 is connected to the power supply P3 and receives the L3-phase power. The L3-phase power is supplied by the L3-phase voltage V L3 and L3 phase current I L3 The input node Nin4 is connected to a reference potential (for example, ground potential).

[0016] The charging device 1 uses a PFC (Power Factor Correction) circuit to convert AC power into DC power while correcting the power factor of the AC power.

[0017] The charging device 1 includes, for example, a PFC circuit, a switching circuit SW, inductive element H1, inductive element H2, inductive element H3, resistive elements R0, R1, R2, R3, RN, capacitive element C0, voltage detectors VS11, VS12, VS13, VSN, current detectors CT0, CT1, CT2, CT3, CTN, relays NOR1, NOR2, NOR3, and a controller 2. The switching circuit SW includes switching element groups SWG1, SWG2, SWG3, and SWGN.

[0018] The controller 2 controls each part of the charging device 1 in an integrated manner.

[0019] In the charging device 1, under the control of the controller 2, the switching operations of the switching element groups SWG1, SWG2, and SWG3 repeatedly store and release energy in the inductive elements H1, H2, and H3, and accordingly, the current to the capacitive element C0 is repeatedly stopped and injected, thereby enabling the charging device 1 to improve the power factor.

[0020] The charging device 1 may have a totem-pole configuration. The switching element groups SWG1, SWG2, SWG3, and SWGN are connected in parallel between the positive line LN1 and the negative line LN2. Each switching element group SWG may have a plurality of switching elements SW cascade-connected.

[0021] The switching element group SWG1 corresponds to the input node Nin1 and corresponds to the L1 phase. The switching element group SWG1 can receive power of the L1 phase. The switching element group SWG1 performs switching operations in accordance with the control from the controller 2. As a result, the sum voltage ΔV of the L1 phase is L1 and the added current ΔI L1 is generated.

[0022] In the switching element group SWG1, the intermediate node Nm1 is electrically connected to the input node Nin1 via a line LN31.

[0023] The switching element group SWG1 has a switching element SW11 and a switching element SW12. One end of the switching element SW11 is connected to the positive side line LN1, the other end is connected to the intermediate node Nm1, and a control terminal is connected to the controller 2. One end of the switching element SW12 is connected to the intermediate node Nm1, the other end is connected to the negative side line LN2, and a control terminal is connected to the controller 2.

[0024] The switching element group SWG2 corresponds to the input node Nin2 and corresponds to the L2 phase. The switching element group SWG2 can receive power of the L2 phase. The switching element group SWG2 performs switching operations in accordance with the control from the controller 2. As a result, the sum voltage ΔV of the L2 phase is L2 and the added current ΔI L2 is generated.

[0025] In the switching element group SWG2, the intermediate node Nm2 is electrically connected to the input node Nin2 via a line LN32.

[0026] The switching element group SWG2 has a switching element SW21 and a switching element SW22. The switching element SW21 has one end connected to the positive side line LN1, the other end connected to the intermediate node Nm2, and a control terminal connected to the controller 2. The switching element SW22 has one end connected to the intermediate node Nm2, the other end connected to the negative side line LN2, and a control terminal connected to the controller 2.

[0027] The switching element group SWG3 corresponds to the input node Nin3 and corresponds to the L3 phase. The switching element group SWG3 can receive power of the L3 phase. The switching element group SWG3 performs a switching operation in accordance with the control from the controller 2. As a result, the sum voltage ΔV of the L3 phase L3 and the added current ΔI L3 is generated.

[0028] In the switching element group SWG3, the intermediate node Nm3 is electrically connected to the input node Nin3 via a line LN33.

[0029] The switching element group SWG3 has a switching element SW31 and a switching element SW32. The switching element SW31 has one end connected to the positive side line LN1, the other end connected to the intermediate node Nm3, and a control terminal connected to the controller 2. The switching element SW32 has one end connected to the intermediate node Nm3, the other end connected to the negative side line LN2, and a control terminal connected to the controller 2.

[0030] The switching element group SWGN corresponds to the N-phase. In the switching element group SWGN, an intermediate node NmN is electrically connected to an input node Nin4 via a line LN11. A resistance element RN may be electrically inserted in the line LN11.

[0031] The switching element group SWGN has a switching element SWN1 and a switching element SWN2. One end of the switching element SWN1 is connected to the positive side line LN1, the other end is connected to the intermediate node NmN, and a control terminal is connected to the controller 2. One end of the switching element SWN2 is connected to the intermediate node NmN, the other end is connected to the negative side line LN2, and a control terminal is connected to the controller 2.

[0032] In the switching circuit SW, the configuration including switching elements SW11, SW21, SW31, and SWN1 is sometimes referred to as the upper arm, and the configuration including switching elements SW12, SW22, SW32, and SWN2 is sometimes referred to as the lower arm.

[0033] The inductive element H1 is inserted into the line LN31 and electrically connected between the input node Nin1 and the switching element group SWG1. The inductive element H1 corresponds to the L1 phase. The inductive element H1 is, for example, a coil, and one end is connected to the input node Nin1 and the other end is connected to the switching element group SWG1. The inductive element H1 can contribute to improving the power factor of the charging device 1 by storing and releasing electromagnetic energy. The resistive element R1 may be inserted into the line LN31 and connected in series with the inductive element H1.

[0034] The inductive element H2 is inserted into the line LN32 and electrically connected between the input node Nin2 and the switching element group SWG2. The inductive element H2 corresponds to the L2 phase. The inductive element H2 is, for example, a coil, and one end is connected to the input node Nin2 and the other end is connected to the switching element group SWG2. The inductive element H2 can contribute to improving the power factor of the charging device 1 by storing and releasing electromagnetic energy. The resistive element R2 may be inserted into the line LN32 and connected in series with the inductive element H2.

[0035] The inductive element H3 is inserted into the line LN33 and electrically connected between the input node Nin3 and the switching element group SWG3. The inductive element H3 corresponds to the L3 phase. The inductive element H3 is, for example, a coil, and one end is connected to the input node Nin3 and the other end is connected to the switching element group SWG3. The inductive element H3 can contribute to improving the power factor of the charging device 1 by storing and releasing electromagnetic energy. The resistive element R3 may be inserted into the line LN33 and connected in series with the inductive element H3.

[0036] The capacitance element C0 may be connected between the line LN1 and the line LN2. One end of the capacitance element C0 is electrically connected to the line LN1, and the other end is electrically connected to the line LN2. A resistance element R0 may be connected in series with the capacitance element C0 between the line LN1 and the line LN2.

[0037] The voltage detector VS11 has one end connected to the line LN31 and the other end connected to a reference potential (for example, ground potential). L1 can be detected.

[0038] The voltage detector VS12 has one end connected to the line LN32 and the other end connected to a reference potential (for example, ground potential). L2 can be detected.

[0039] The voltage detector VS13 has one end connected to the line LN33 and the other end connected to a reference potential (for example, ground potential). L3 can be detected.

[0040] The voltage detector VSN has one end connected to the output node Nout1 and the other end connected to the output node Nout2. VSN The bus voltage V VSN is the output DC voltage from the charging device 1 to the load circuit LD.

[0041] The current detector CT0 is disposed near the negative line LN2. The current detector CT0 detects the bus current I CT0 Detects the bus current I CT0 is the output current from the charging device 1 to the load circuit LD.

[0042] The current detector CT1 is disposed near the line LN31. The current detector CT1 detects the L1-phase current I L1 Detect.

[0043] The current detector CT2 is disposed near the line LN32. The current detector CT2 detects the L2-phase current I L2 Detect.

[0044] The current detector CT3 is disposed near the line LN33. The current detector CT3 detects the L3-phase current I L3 Detect.

[0045] The current detector CTN is disposed near the line LN11. The current detector CTN detects the LN-phase current I LN Detect.

[0046] The relay NOR1 is inserted into the line LN21, which is connectable to the line LN31 and the line LN11. The relay NOR1 corresponds to the L1 phase. One end of the relay NOR1 is connected to the line LN31, the other end is connected to the line LN11, and a control terminal is connected to the controller 2. The relay NOR1 is a normally open relay. In a steady state, the relay NOR1 is in an off state, electrically disconnecting the line LN31 from the line LN11. As a result, the current I of the L1 phase L1 can be supplied to the inductive element H1 side. The relay NOR1 can be switched to an ON state under the control of the controller 2. The relay NOR1 can be maintained in an ON state in accordance with the control of the controller 2, thereby bypass-connecting the line LN31 to the line LN11. The relay NOR1 can be released from the ON state and returned to an OFF state in accordance with the control of the controller 2, thereby again electrically disconnecting the line LN31 from the line LN11. As a result, the L1-phase current I L1 is restored to a state in which it can be supplied to the inductive element H1 side.

[0047] The relay NOR2 is inserted into the line LN22 that can connect the line LN32 and the line LN11. The relay NOR2 corresponds to the L2 phase. One end of the relay NOR2 is connected to the line LN32, the other end is connected to the line LN12, and a control terminal is connected to the controller 2. The relay NOR2 is a normally open relay. In a steady state, the relay NOR2 is in an off state, electrically disconnecting the line LN32 from the line LN12. As a result, the current I of the L2 phase L2 can be supplied to the inductive element H2 side. The relay NOR2 can be switched to an ON state under the control of the controller 2. The relay NOR2 can be maintained in an ON state in accordance with the control of the controller 2, thereby bypass-connecting the line LN32 to the line LN12. The relay NOR2 can be released from the ON state and returned to an OFF state in accordance with the control of the controller 2, thereby again electrically disconnecting the line LN32 from the line LN12. As a result, the L2-phase current I L2 is restored to a state in which it can be supplied to the inductive element H2 side.

[0048] The relay NOR3 is inserted into the line LN23 that can connect the line LN33 and the line LN11. The relay NOR3 corresponds to the L3 phase. One end of the relay NOR3 is connected to the line LN33, the other end is connected to the line LN13, and a control terminal is connected to the controller 2. The relay NOR3 is a normally open relay. In a steady state, the relay NOR3 is in an off state, electrically disconnecting the line LN33 from the line LN13. As a result, the current I of the L3 phase L3 can be supplied to the inductive element H3 side. The relay NOR3 can be switched to an ON state under the control of the controller 2. The relay NOR3 can be maintained in an ON state in accordance with the control of the controller 2, thereby bypass-connecting the line LN33 to the line LN13. The relay NOR3 can be released from the ON state and returned to an OFF state in accordance with the control of the controller 2, thereby again electrically disconnecting the line LN33 from the line LN13. As a result, the L3-phase current I L3 is restored to a state in which it can be supplied to the inductive element H3 side.

[0049] In the charging device 1, one of the three phases (L1 phase, L2 phase, L3 phase) may become unusable due to a wire break or the like. In this case, the controller 2 selectively switches the relay NOR corresponding to the unusable phase to the on state, bypassing the inductive element H of the line LN of that phase to the line LN11, and supplies power for those two phases to the switching circuit SW through the line LN of the two usable phases. The controller 2 controls the switching element groups SWG1, SWG2, and SWG3 in the switching circuit SW according to vector control using the power for the two phases while storing and releasing electromagnetic energy in the inductive element H corresponding to the two phases.

[0050] At this time, the power supplied to the switching circuit SW is the power of two available phases, but since the inductive element H of one unavailable phase is bypass-connected to the line LN11, a three-phase voltage can be generated by the switching operation of the three-phase switching element group SWG. As a result, the output DC voltage V VSN can be stably produced.

[0051] The two available phases are the first phase and the second phase. The controller 2 controls a voltage vector according to the first phase power and the second phase power. The controller 2 controls the switching element groups SWG1, SWG2, and SWG3 using a first control voltage, a second control voltage, and a third control voltage according to the adjusted voltage vector.

[0052] The controller 2 converts a first phase current corresponding to the first phase power, a second phase current corresponding to the second phase power, and a third phase current corresponding to the third phase power into a d-axis current and a q-axis current. The controller 2 converts a d-axis command voltage corresponding to a first target value of the d-axis current and a q-axis command voltage corresponding to a second target value of the q-axis current into a first control voltage, a second control voltage, and a third control voltage. The first target value of the d-axis current may be approximately zero. The second target value of the q-axis current may be determined according to the amount of current to be flowed into the capacitance element C0. The controller 2 controls the switching element groups SWG1, SWG2, and SWG3 using the first control voltage, the second control voltage, and the third control voltage.

[0053] The controller 2 has a detection unit 21, a switching unit 22, a vector control unit 23, and a conversion unit 24. The detection unit 21 receives voltage detection values ​​from voltage detectors VS11, VS12, VS13, and VSN, and current detection values ​​from current detectors CT0, CT1, CT2, and CT3.

[0054] The detection unit 21 detects that one of the three phases (L1 phase, L2 phase, L3 phase) becomes unusable due to a disconnection, etc., based on the voltage detection value of the voltage detector VS and the current detection value of the current detector CT. The detection unit 21 supplies the detection result to the switching unit 22 and the vector control unit 23.

[0055] When the switching unit 22 receives a detection result indicating one unusable phase from the detection unit 21, the switching unit 22 selectively switches the relay NOR corresponding to the one unusable phase to the on state and bypasses the inductive element H of the line LN of that phase to the line LN11.

[0056] When the vector control unit 23 receives a detection result indicating one unusable phase from the detection unit 21, the vector control unit 23 performs vector control using the power of the two usable phases, generates a first control voltage, a second control voltage, and a third control voltage, and supplies them to the conversion unit 24.

[0057] Upon receiving the first control voltage, the second control voltage, and the third control voltage from the vector control unit 23, the conversion unit 24 supplies control signals corresponding to the first control voltage, the second control voltage, and the third control voltage to the switching element group SWG1, the switching element group SWG2, and the switching element group SWG3.

[0058] For example, when the effective voltage value detected by voltage detector VS13 is equal to or less than threshold value TH1, detector 21 detects an open circuit in L3-phase line LN33. Threshold value TH1 may be experimentally determined in advance as an effective voltage value indicating a line open circuit. When an open circuit in L3-phase line LN33 is detected, detector 21 generates a detection result indicating the open circuit in line LN33 and supplies the detection result to switching unit 22 and vector control unit 23. As shown in FIG. 2, switching unit 22 selectively switches relay NOR3 corresponding to L3 phase to the ON state. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a change in the connection configuration of charging device 1 in the event of a line open circuit, illustrating a case in which L3-phase line LN33 is open near node Nin3. In FIG. 2, the open circuit location is indicated by an x. The open circuit location may be, for example, a location between charging device 1 and AC power source PS outside the housing (not shown) of charging device 1. For simplicity, the relays NOR1 and NOR2 and the lines LN21 and LN22 are omitted from FIG.

[0059] When relay NOR3 transitions to the ON state, inductive element H3 on L3-phase line LN33 is bypass-connected to line LN11 via line L23. The switching unit 22 maintains relays NOR1 and NOR2 in the OFF state. L1-phase power is supplied to switching circuit SW via L1-phase line LN31, and L2-phase power is supplied to switching circuit SW via L2-phase line LN32. This causes electromagnetic energy to be stored in and released from inductive elements H1 and H2 corresponding to L1 and L2 phases. At the same time, vector control unit 23 performs vector control using the L1-phase and L2-phase power to generate first, second, and third control voltages. Converter 24 converts the first, second, and third control voltages into switching control signals. Converter 24 supplies the switching control signals to switching element groups SWG1, SWG2, and SWG3.

[0060] At this time, the power supplied to the switching circuit SW is the power of the available L1 and L2 phases. However, since the inductive element H3 of the unavailable L3 phase is bypass-connected to the line LN11, the three-phase voltage V is generated by the switching operations of the switching element groups SWG1, SWG2, and SWG3 of the L1, L2, and L3 phases. L1 , V L2 , V L3 This generates the output DC voltage V VSN can be stably produced.

[0061] The vector control unit 23 performs vector control using the L1-phase power and the L2-phase power, and controls the voltage vector according to the L1-phase power and the L2-phase power. The vector control unit 23 outputs a command voltage V according to the voltage vector. L1 * , command voltage V L2 * , command voltage V L3 * The controller 2 generates a command voltage V L1 * , command voltage V L2 * , command voltage V L3 * are used to control the switching element groups SWG1, SWG2, and SWG3.

[0062] The vector control unit 23 controls the current I according to the L1 phase power. L1 , current I according to L2 phase power L2 , current I according to L3 phase power L3 The controller 2 converts the value of the d-axis current Id into the d-phase command current Id * The value of the q-axis current Iq is adjusted to the value of the q-phase command current Iq * The d-axis command voltage Vd according to the d-axis current is adjusted to approach the value * , the q-axis command voltage Vq according to the q-axis current * The controller 2 generates the d-axis command voltage Vd * , q-axis command voltage Vq * The L1 phase command voltage V L1 *, L2 phase command voltage V L2 * , L3 phase command voltage V L3 * Convert to.

[0063] The converter 24 converts the command voltage V L1 * , command voltage V L2 * , command voltage V L3 * The converter 24 generates switching control signals φSW11, φSW21, φSW31, φSW12, φSW22, and φSW32 according to the switching elements SW11, SW21, and SW31. The converter 24 supplies the switching control signals φSW11, φSW21, and φSW31 to the control terminals of the switching elements SW11, SW21, and SW31, respectively. The converter 24 supplies the switching control signals φSW12, φSW22, and φSW32 to the control terminals of the switching elements SW12, SW22, and SW32, respectively. This allows the switching element groups SWG1, SWG2, and SWG3 of the L1 phase, L2 phase, and L3 phase to perform switching operations.

[0064] The N-phase switching element group SWGN remains stopped. The conversion unit 24 generates non-active level switching control signals φSWN1 and φSWN2 and supplies them to the control terminals of the switching elements SWN1 and SWN2, respectively.

[0065] With respect to vector control, the controller 2 may perform the operation shown in Fig. 4 using the configuration shown in Fig. 3. Fig. 3 is a diagram showing the configuration of the controller 2. Fig. 3 illustrates the configuration when a break in the L3-phase line LN33 is detected. Fig. 4 is a waveform diagram showing the operation of the controller 2.

[0066] In vector control, the current vector is captured in an α-β fixed coordinate system, and then transformed into a dq rotating coordinate system, separating the d-axis current and the q-axis current.

[0067] In this embodiment, vector control is applied to charging control by the charging device 1.

[0068] First, in vector control, feedforward control is performed on the dq-axis voltage generated by the input voltage after converting it into a three-phase voltage in order to accommodate non-uniformity rather than uniformity across the three phases. This makes it possible to accommodate non-uniform input voltages. If a wire break occurs outside the housing in the line connected to phase L3, relay NOR3 bypasses phase L3 to line LN11 of the N phase, and vector control is performed so that uniform current flows through phases L1, L2, and L3. The currents in phases L1 and L2 may be sinusoidal, for example. This makes it possible to achieve a high power factor. In this case, since there is no voltage input to phase L3, it is thought that this does not affect the power factor.

[0069] 3 includes an adder 211 and an angle detector 212. The vector control unit 23 includes a three-phase to two-phase conversion unit 231, a dq coordinate conversion unit 232, a subtractor 233, a subtractor 234, a PI control unit 235, a PI control unit 236, an inverse dq coordinate conversion unit 237, a two-phase to three-phase conversion unit 238, an adder 239, an adder 240, an adder 241, a phase modulation unit 242, and a duty conversion unit 243.

[0070] The detection unit 21 detects the current I detected by the current detector CT1. L1 to the three-phase to two-phase conversion unit 231. The detection unit 21 detects the current I L2 to the three-phase to two-phase conversion unit 231. The detection unit 21 detects the current I L3 is supplied to the three-phase to two-phase conversion unit 231.

[0071] The detection unit 21 detects the voltage V detected by the voltage detector VS11. L1 to the adder 211, the angle detector 212, and the adder 239. The detection unit 21 detects the voltage V L2 to the adder 211, the angle detector 212, and the adder 240. The detection unit 21 detects the bus voltage V VSN is supplied to the duty conversion unit 243.L1 and voltage V L2 The bus voltage V can be a sinusoidal waveform with a phase shift of approximately 120°, as shown in Figure 4. VSN can be a waveform that remains at a nearly constant positive value.

[0072] The adder 211 shown in FIG. L1 The negative-phase voltage and voltage V L2 The negative voltage of is added, and the resulting voltage (-V L1 -V L2 ) to the angle detector 212. The angle detector 212 detects the voltage V L1 , voltage V L2 , voltage -V L1 -V L2 The angle detector 212 supplies the rotation angle θ to the dq coordinate transformation unit 232 and the inverse dq coordinate transformation unit 237.

[0073] The three-phase to two-phase conversion unit 231 performs Clarke transformation to convert the L1-L2-L3 fixed coordinate system into the α-β fixed coordinate system. The three-phase to two-phase conversion unit 231 calculates the L1-phase current I L1 , L2 phase current I L2 , L3 phase current I L3 may be converted into the α-phase current Iα and the β-phase current Iβ. L1 , I L2 , I L3 The directions from the power supply PS to the switching circuit SW are positive. Iα=(√(2 / 3))×(-I L1 +I L2 / 2+I L3 / 2) Formula 1 Iβ=(√(2 / 3))(-√(3) / 2)×I L2 +(√(3) / 2)×I L3 )···Equation 2

[0074] The three-phase to two-phase converter 231 supplies the α-phase current Iα and the β-phase current Iβ to the dq coordinate converter 232 .

[0075] The dq coordinate converter 232 performs a Park transformation to convert the α-β fixed coordinate system into a dq rotating coordinate system. The dq coordinate converter 232 may convert the α-phase current Iα and the β-phase current Iβ into the d-phase current Id and the q-phase current Iq using the following Equations 3 and 4, depending on the rotation angle θ. Id = Iα × cosθ + Iβ × sinθ Formula 3 Iq = -Iα × sinθ + Iβ × cosθ Formula 4

[0076] The dq coordinate conversion unit 232 supplies the d-axis current Id to a subtractor 233 and supplies the q-axis current Iq to a subtractor 234 .

[0077] The subtractor 233 calculates the d-axis command current Id * The d-axis current Id is subtracted from the d-axis command current Id. * may be approximately 0. The subtractor 233 supplies the d-axis current deviation to the PI control unit 235.

[0078] The subtractor 234 calculates the q-axis command current Iq * The subtractor 234 subtracts the q-axis current Iq from the q-axis current deviation. The subtractor 234 supplies the q-axis current deviation to the PI control unit 236.

[0079] The PI control unit 235 performs P control (proportional control) and I control (integral control) according to the d-axis current deviation, and controls the d-axis command voltage Vd * The PI control unit 235 generates the d-axis command voltage Vd * is supplied to the dq inverse coordinate transformation unit 237.

[0080] The PI control unit 236 performs P control (proportional control) and I control (integral control) in accordance with the q-axis current deviation, and controls the q-axis command voltage Vq * The PI control section 236 generates the q-axis command voltage Vq * is supplied to the dq inverse coordinate transformation unit 237.

[0081] That is, PI control is performed by PI control unit 235 and PI control unit 236 so that the d-axis current deviation approaches zero and the q-axis current deviation approaches zero. The voltage vector in the dq rotating coordinate system is controlled, and the power factor can be improved.

[0082] The dq inverse coordinate transformation unit 237 performs an inverse Park transformation to transform the dq rotating coordinate system into the α-β fixed coordinate system. The dq inverse coordinate transformation unit 237 calculates the d-axis command voltage Vd * , q-axis command voltage Vq * α-phase voltage command Vα * , β-phase voltage command Vβ * may be converted to Vα * =Vd * ×cosθ-Vq * ×sinθ Equation 5 Vβ * =Vd * ×sinθ+Vq * ×cosθ Equation 6

[0083] The dq inverse coordinate transformation unit 237 converts the α-phase voltage command Vα * , β-phase voltage command Vβ * is supplied to the two-phase to three-phase conversion unit 238.

[0084] The two-phase to three-phase conversion unit 238 performs an inverse Clarke transformation to convert the α-β fixed coordinate system into the L1-L2-L3 fixed coordinate system. * , β-phase voltage command Vβ * The sum voltage ΔV of the L1 phase L1 , L2 phase added voltage ΔV L2 , L3 phase added voltage ΔV L3 It can also be converted to the sum voltage ΔV L1 , sum voltage ΔV L2 , sum voltage ΔV L3 As shown in FIG. 4, the waveforms may be sinusoidal with a phase difference of approximately 120°.

[0085] The two-phase to three-phase conversion unit 238 converts the sum voltage ΔV L1 is supplied to the adder 239, and the sum voltage ΔV L2 is supplied to the adder 240, and the sum voltage ΔV L3 is supplied to the adder 241.

[0086] The adder 239 calculates the voltage V of the L1 phase. L1 Add voltage ΔV to L1 The adder 239 outputs the result of the addition as the voltage command V L1 * to the phase modulation unit 242.

[0087] The adder 240 calculates the voltage V of the L2 phase. L2 Add voltage ΔV to L2 The adder 240 outputs the result of the addition as the L2-phase voltage command V L2 * to the phase modulation unit 242.

[0088] The vector control unit 23 controls the voltage V of the L3 phase. L3 is generated with a value of approximately zero and supplied to the adder 241.

[0089] The adder 241 calculates the voltage V of the L3 phase. L3 Add voltage ΔV to L3 The adder 241 outputs the result of the addition as the voltage command V L3 * to the phase modulation unit 242.

[0090] The phase modulation unit 242 modulates the voltage command V L1 * , L2 phase voltage command V L2 * , L3 phase voltage command V L3 * The phase modulation may be a process for increasing the voltage utilization rate, such as HIP phase modulation or two-phase modulation. The phase modulation unit 242 modulates the voltage command V after the phase modulation. L1 * , V L2 * , V L3 * is supplied to the duty conversion unit 243.

[0091] The duty conversion unit 243 converts the bus voltage V VSN According to this, the voltage command V of L1 phase L1 * , L2 phase voltage command V L2 *, L3 phase voltage command V L3 * are converted to PWM signals S L1 * , PWM signal S L2 * , PWM signal S L3 * The duty conversion unit 243 generates the PWM signal S L1 * , PWM signal S L2 * , PWM signal S L3 * is supplied to the conversion unit 24.

[0092] The conversion unit 24 shown in FIG. 1 includes drivers DV11, DV12, DV21, DV22, DV31, DV32, and DVN, and inverters IV1, IV2, and IV3.

[0093] The converter 24 converts the L1-phase PWM signal S L1 * is driven by a driver DV11 and supplied as a switching control signal φSW11 to the control terminal of the switching element SW11.

[0094] The converter 24 converts the L1-phase PWM signal S L1 * is logically inverted by an inverter IV1, driven by a driver DV12, and supplied to the control terminal of the switching element SW12 as a switching control signal φSW12.

[0095] The converter 24 converts the L2-phase PWM signal S L2 * is driven by a driver DV21 and supplied as a switching control signal φSW21 to the control terminal of the switching element SW21.

[0096] The converter 24 converts the L2-phase PWM signal S L2 * is logically inverted by an inverter IV2, driven by a driver DV22, and supplied as a switching control signal φSW22 to the control terminal of the switching element SW22.

[0097] The converter 24 converts the L3-phase PWM signal S L3 * is driven by a driver DV31 and supplied as a switching control signal φSW31 to the control terminal of the switching element SW31.

[0098] The converter 24 converts the L3-phase PWM signal S L3 * is logically inverted by an inverter IV3, driven by a driver DV32, and supplied as a switching control signal φSW32 to the control terminal of the switching element SW32.

[0099] 1 and 2 illustrate, for simplicity, the configuration of the converter 24 in which the control signals φSW11, φSW21, and φSW31 for the upper-arm switching elements SW11, SW21, and SW31 and the control signals φSW12, φSW22, and φSW32 for the lower-arm switching elements SW12, SW22, and SW32 are complementary to each other. In practice, dead times are provided in which the control signals φSW11, φSW21, and φSW31 and the control signals φSW12, φSW22, and φSW32 are all maintained at non-active levels. In this case, delay elements and logical operation elements for generating the dead times are further added to the converter 24.

[0100] The conversion unit 24 drives the ground potential using the driver DVN and supplies it as a switching control signal φSWN1 to the control terminal of the switching element SWN1 and as a switching control signal φSWN2 to the control terminal of the switching element SWN2. Both the switching elements SWN1 and SWN2 are controlled to be in the off state.

[0101] This results in a switching current I SWG1 , I SWG2 , I SWG3 , I SWGN flows through the switching element group SWG1, the switching element group SWG2, the switching element group SWG3, and the switching element group SWGN. As a result of their addition, the bus current ICT0 and bus voltage V VSN DC power according to this is supplied from the charging device 1 to the battery BT via the load circuit LD, and the battery BT is charged.

[0102] As described above, in the embodiment, when one of the three phases (L1, L2, and L3) in the charging device 1 is unavailable due to a wire break or the like, the controller 2 selectively switches the relay NOR corresponding to the unavailable phase to the ON state. The controller 2 controls the switching element groups SWG1, SWG2, and SWG3 in the switching circuit SW according to vector control using the power of the two available phases. At this time, the inductive element H of the unavailable phase is bypass-connected to the line LN11, so that a three-phase voltage can be generated by the switching operation of the three-phase switching element groups SWG. This allows the three-phase power conversion configuration and the two available phase power conversion configuration to be substantially the same, enabling efficient conversion of AC power of the two available phases into DC power. This allows the charging device 1 to be made compact and efficient power conversion.

[0103] As a first modification of the embodiment, the charging device 1c may be capable of operating in response to connection of an AC power supply PSa that supplies two-phase AC power, as shown in Fig. 5. Fig. 5 is a diagram showing the configuration of the charging device 1c according to the first modification of the embodiment.

[0104] The AC power supply PSa includes power supplies P1 and P2, but does not include power supply P3. Power supply P1 generates L1-phase power. Power supply P2 generates L2-phase power. The AC power supply PSa may be, for example, a power grid at a charging station in a country where two-phase charging is available.

[0105] In the charging device 1c, the input node Nin1 is connected to a power supply P1, and the input node Nin2 is connected to a power supply P2, as in the embodiment, but differs from the embodiment in that the input node Nin3 is connected to a reference potential (e.g., ground potential).

[0106] In the controller 2, the detection unit 21 detects that the AC power supply PSa is a two-phase power supply based on the voltage detection value of the voltage detector VS and the current detection value of the current detector CT. For example, when the effective value of the voltage detected by the voltage detector VS13 falls below a threshold value TH2, the detection unit 21 detects that the AC power supply PSa is a two-phase (L1 phase, L2 phase) power supply. The threshold value TH2 can be determined experimentally in advance as a voltage indicating that there is no power supply to the line. When it is detected that the AC power supply PSa is two-phase, the detection unit 21 generates a detection result indicating that the AC power supply PSa is two-phase (L1 phase, L2 phase) compatible and supplies the detection result to the switching unit 22 and the vector control unit 23. Note that the line LN (in this case, LN33) corresponding to the one phase with no power supply is already connected to the line LN11 even without operating the relay NOR, but this does not affect the basic operation of the charging device 1c. From this point on, the operation is substantially the same as in the embodiment.

[0107] For example, the controller 2 selectively switches the relay NOR corresponding to one phase that is not powered (in this case, the L3 phase) to the ON state. The controller 2 controls the switching element groups SWG1, SWG2, and SWG3 in the switching circuit SW according to vector control using the power of two phases that are powered (in this case, the L1 and L2 phases). At this time, since the inductive element H of the unavailable one phase is bypass-connected to the line LN11, a three-phase voltage can be generated by the switching operation of the three-phase switching element groups SWG. Note that the resistive element RN may be electrically inserted in the line LN11. The current detector CTN may be disposed at a position where it can detect the current around the line LN11.

[0108] In this charging device 1c, when the AC power supply PSa is compatible with two phases, the inductive element H of one unavailable phase is bypass-connected to the line LN11, so that a three-phase voltage can be generated by the switching operation of the three-phase switching element group SWG. This allows the three-phase power conversion configuration and the usable two-phase power conversion configuration to be almost the same, and allows the usable two-phase AC power to be efficiently converted into DC power.

[0109] Furthermore, as a second modified example of the embodiment, the charging device 1a may have a configuration for correcting a control error, as shown in Fig. 6. Fig. 6 is a diagram showing the configuration of a controller 2a in the second modified example of the embodiment.

[0110] In the charging device 1a, the controller 2a may further include a correction unit 25a. The correction unit 25a receives the voltage detection value of the voltage detector VS from the detection unit 21. The correction unit 25a advances the phase of the voltage detection value, and corrects the advanced L1-phase voltage V L1 ', L2 phase voltage V L2 The correction unit 25a generates the advanced L1-phase voltage V L1 ', L2 phase voltage V L2 ' is supplied to the vector control unit 23.

[0111] The correction unit 25 a includes an inverse coordinate conversion unit 251 and a two-phase to three-phase conversion unit 252 .

[0112] The correction unit 25 a generates the d-axis voltage Vd′ so that it has a value of zero, and supplies the voltage to the inverse coordinate conversion unit 251 .

[0113] The angle detection unit 212 calculates the L1 phase voltage V using the following formulas 7 and 8. L1 , L2 phase voltage V L2 , the voltage V of the L3 phase L3 (≒-V L1 -V L2 ) is converted into an α-phase voltage Vα and a β-phase voltage Vβ. Vα=(√(2 / 3))×(V L1 -V L2 / 2-V L3 / 2) Formula 7 Vβ=(√(2 / 3))(√(3) / 2)×V L2 -(√(3) / 2)×V L3 )···Equation 8

[0114] The angle detection unit 212 may generate the adjusted q-axis voltage Vq′ using the following equation 9. Vq'=√(Vα 2+Vβ 2 )···Equation 9

[0115] The angle detection unit 212 supplies the q-axis voltage Vq′ to the inverse coordinate transformation unit 251.

[0116] The inverse coordinate transformation unit 251 performs an inverse Park transformation to transform the dq rotating coordinate system into the α-β fixed coordinate system. The inverse coordinate transformation unit 251 may transform the d-axis voltage Vd' and the q-axis voltage Vq' into an α-phase voltage Vα' and a β-phase voltage Vβ' using the following Equations 10 and 11, depending on the rotation angle θ. Vα' = Vd' × cosθ - Vq' × sinθ Formula 10 Vβ' = Vd' × sinθ + Vq' × cosθ Formula 11

[0117] The dq inverse coordinate transformation unit 251 supplies the α-phase voltage Vα′ and the β-phase voltage Vβ′ to the two-phase to three-phase transformation unit 252 .

[0118] The two-phase to three-phase conversion unit 252 performs an inverse Clarke transformation to convert the α-β fixed coordinate system into the L1-L2-L3 fixed coordinate system. The two-phase to three-phase conversion unit 252 converts the α-phase voltage Vα' and the β-phase voltage Vβ' into the L1-phase voltage V L1 ', L2 phase voltage V L2 ' may be converted to voltage V L1 ', voltage V L2 ' is the voltage V L1 , voltage V L2 It can be a sinusoidal waveform adjusted to

[0119] The detection unit 21 detects the voltage V detected by the voltage detector VS11. L1 is not supplied to the adder 239. The detection unit 21 detects the voltage V L2 is not supplied to adder 240.

[0120] In this way, in the charging device 1a, the controller 2a corrects the L1-phase voltage V generated by the correction unit 25a. L1 ', L2 phase voltage V L2 This allows the control error in the controller 2a to be corrected.

[0121] As a third modification of the embodiment, the charging device 1b may be capable of controlling the switching of an N-phase switching element group SWGN in place of an unusable 1-phase switching element group SWG in the switching circuit SW, as shown in FIG. 7. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the configuration of the charging device 1b according to the third modification of the embodiment. Note that, similar to the embodiment (see FIGS. 1 and 2), the resistive element RN may be electrically inserted in the line LN11. The current detector CTN may be disposed at a position where it can detect a current in the vicinity of the line LN11.

[0122] The charging device 1b has a controller 2b instead of the controller 2 (see FIG. 1), and the relays NOR1, NOR2, and NOR3 are omitted. The controller 2b has a switching unit 22b instead of the switching unit 22 (see FIG. 1). The switching unit 22b can switch the connection configuration between the switching element groups SWG1, SWG2, SWG3, and SWGN and the vector control unit 23 via the conversion unit 24. Upon receiving a detection result indicating one unusable phase from the detection unit 21, the switching unit 22b connects the switching element group SWGN to the vector control unit 23 instead of the switching element group SWG corresponding to the one unusable phase.

[0123] For example, when a break in the L3-phase line LN33 is detected, the detector 21 generates a detection result indicating the break in the line LN33 and supplies the detection result to the switch 22b and the vector controller 23. As shown in FIG. 8, the switch 22b switches the connection of the L3-phase switching element group SWG3 to the driver DVN and the N-phase switching element group SWGN to the drivers DV31 and DV32. FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a change in the connection configuration of the charging device 1b according to the third modified example of the embodiment when a break occurs, illustrating a case where the L3-phase line LN33 is broken near the node Nin3. In FIG. 8, the break location is indicated by an x. The break location may be, for example, a location between the charging device 1b and the AC power source PS outside the housing (not shown) of the charging device 1b.

[0124] In response to the detection result indicating the breakage of the line LN33, the vector control unit 23 performs vector control in the same manner as in the embodiment, and controls the command voltage V L1 * , command voltage V L2 * , command voltage V L3 * 9 is a waveform diagram showing the operation of the charging device 1b according to the third modification of the embodiment. The vector control unit 23 generates the command voltage V L1 * , command voltage V L2 * , command voltage V L3 * PWM signal S according to L1 * , PWM signal S L2 * , PWM signal S L3 * is generated and supplied to the conversion unit 24.

[0125] The converter 24 converts the PWM signal S L1 * , PWM signal S L2 * , PWM signal S L3 * The converter 24 generates switching control signals φSW11, φSW12, φSW21, φSW22, φSWN1, and φSWN2 according to the switching elements SW11, SW12, SW21, SW22, SWN1, and SWN2, respectively. This allows the N-phase switching element group SWGN to be switched instead of the unusable 1-phase switching element group SWG3.

[0126] This results in a switching current I SWG1 , I SWG2 , I SWG3 , I SWGN flows through the switching element group SWG1, the switching element group SWG2, the switching element group SWG3, and the switching element group SWGN. As a result of their addition, the bus current I CT0and bus voltage V VSN DC power according to this is supplied from the charging device 1b to the battery BT via the load circuit LD, and the battery BT is charged.

[0127] In this way, in the charging device 1b, the N-phase switching element group SWGN is switched instead of the unusable one-phase switching element group SWG, so that a three-phase voltage can be generated by the switching operation of the switching element groups SWG corresponding to three phases. This allows the three-phase power conversion configuration to be almost the same as the power conversion configuration for the usable two-phases, and allows efficient conversion of usable two-phase AC power to DC power.

[0128] Although several embodiments of the present invention have been described, these embodiments are presented as examples and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. These embodiments can be implemented in various other forms, and various omissions, substitutions, and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. These embodiments and their modifications are included within the scope and spirit of the invention, as well as within the scope of the invention described in the claims and their equivalents. [Explanation of symbols]

[0129] 1, 1a, 1b, 1c charging device 2, 2a, 2b Controller SWG1, SWG2, SWG3, SWGN switching element group H1, H2, H3 inductive elements NOR1, NOR2, NOR3 relays

Claims

1. a first input node; a second input node; and a third input node; and a first switching element group corresponding to the first input node; a second switching element group corresponding to the second input node; a third switching element group corresponding to the third input node; a first inductive element connected between the first input node and the first switching element group; a second inductive element connected between the second input node and the second switching element group; a third inductive element connected between the third input node and the third switching element group; a controller that controls the first switching element group, the second switching element group, and the third switching element group in accordance with vector control using the first phase power and the second phase power when the first input node receives first phase power and the second input node receives second phase power; A charging device comprising:

2. When the controller receives a first phase power at the first input node and a second phase power at the second input node, the controller controls a voltage vector according to the first phase power and the second phase power, and controls the first switching element group, the second switching element group, and the third switching element group using a first control voltage, a second control voltage, and a third control voltage according to the adjusted voltage vector. The charging device according to claim 1 .

3. When the controller receives first phase power at the first input node and second phase power at the second input node, the controller converts a first phase current corresponding to the first phase power and a second phase current corresponding to the second phase power into a fourth phase current and a fifth phase current, converts a fourth control voltage corresponding to the fourth phase current and the fifth control voltage corresponding to the fifth phase current into a first control voltage, a second control voltage, and a third control voltage while bringing a value of the fourth phase current and a value of the fifth phase current closer to a first target value and a second target value, respectively, and controls the first switching element group, the second switching element group, and the third switching element group using the first control voltage, the second control voltage, and the third control voltage. The charging device according to claim 1 .

4. a fourth switching element group; a first line connecting an input reference node and an intermediate node of the fourth switching element group; a second line connecting the first input node and a first node of the first inductive element to the first line; Further equipped The charging device according to claim 1 .

5. Further comprising a relay inserted in the second line and in an off state. The charging device according to claim 4.

6. a first input node; a second input node; and a third input node; and a first switching element group corresponding to the first input node; a second switching element group corresponding to the second input node; a third switching element group corresponding to the third input node; a fourth switching element group; a reference line connecting an input reference node and an intermediate node of the fourth switching element group; a first inductive element connected between the first input node and the first switching element group; a second inductive element connected between the second input node and the second switching element group; a third inductive element connected between the third input node and the third switching element group; a controller that controls the first switching element group, the second switching element group, and the fourth switching element group in accordance with vector control using the first phase power and the second phase power when the first input node receives first phase power and the second input node receives second phase power; A charging device comprising:

7. When the controller receives a first phase power at the first input node and a second phase power at the second input node, the controller controls a first control voltage for the first phase power, a second control voltage for the second phase power, and a third control voltage for a third phase power in accordance with vector control using the first phase power and the second phase power, and controls the first switching element group, the second switching element group, and the fourth switching element group using the first control voltage, the second control voltage, and the third control voltage. The charging device according to claim 6.

8. A charging method for a charging device having a first input node, a second input node, a third input node, a first switching element group corresponding to the first input node, a second switching element group corresponding to the second input node, a third switching element group corresponding to the third input node, a first inductive element connected between the first input node and the first switching element group, a second inductive element connected between the second input node and the second switching element group, and a third inductive element connected between the third input node and the third switching element group, receiving a first phase power at the first input node and a second phase power at the second input node; controlling a first control voltage for the first phase power, a second control voltage for the second phase power, and a third control voltage for a third phase power in accordance with vector control using the first phase power and the second phase power; controlling the first switching element group, the second switching element group, and the third switching element group using the first control voltage, the second control voltage, and the third control voltage; Charging methods including.

9. A charging method for a charging device having a first input node, a second input node, a third input node, a first switching element group corresponding to the first input node, a second switching element group corresponding to the second input node, a third switching element group corresponding to the third input node, a fourth switching element group, a reference line connecting an input reference node and an intermediate node of the fourth switching element group, a first inductive element connected between the first input node and the first switching element group, a second inductive element connected between the second input node and the second switching element group, and a third inductive element connected between the third input node and the third switching element group, receiving a first phase power at the first input node and a second phase power at the second input node; controlling a first control voltage for the first phase power, a second control voltage for the second phase power, and a third control voltage for a third phase power in accordance with vector control using the first phase power and the second phase power; controlling the first switching element group, the second switching element group, and the fourth switching element group using the first control voltage, the second control voltage, and the third control voltage; Charging methods including.

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