Centrifugal separator and separation plate

Abstract

To provide a centrifugal separator and a separation plate.SOLUTION: A centrifugal separator has a plurality of separation plates 12 stacked at predetermined intervals in the stacking direction inside a rotary container and separates components with different specific gravities contained in a fluid to be treated by centrifugal force. Each separation plate has an uneven pattern 15 consisting of projections 12A and recesses, formed in the shape of a line segment along the generatrix of the conical surface 14 of the separation plate 12, from the lower edge 14A of the conical surface 14 toward the upper edge 14D side of the conical surface 14, and strip-shaped gap pieces 16 provided on the surface side of the conical surface 14 of the separator plate 12, along the generatrix of the conical surface 14, to maintain a predetermined interval D between it and the other separation plates 12-2 stacked in sequence. Between adjacent gap pieces in the circumferential direction, a first projection 12A-1 forming the uneven pattern 15 and a second projection 12A-2 adjacent to the first projection 12A-1 form an angle (α1) of 10 degrees or less.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a separator plate type centrifugal separator for separating components having different specific gravities in a fluid to be treated, and to a separator plate used in such a centrifugal separator. [Background technology]

[0002] The centrifugal separator is provided with a number of stacked hollow truncated cone-shaped separation plates arranged in the direction of the rotation axis, with separation gaps at predetermined intervals provided by strip-shaped gap pieces. When the fluid to be treated flows into the separation gaps toward the center of the separation plates, components with different specific gravities move toward the outer periphery of the separation plates by centrifugal sedimentation, thereby being separated (see, for example, Patent Document 1). [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-336734 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] In order to improve the separation capacity of the above-mentioned plate-type centrifugal separator, it is conceivable to increase the number of plates or the outer diameter, but either of these would result in an increase in the size of the separator.

[0005] In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to provide a centrifugal separator and a separation plate that can improve separation performance without increasing the size of the centrifugal separator. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] To achieve this object, the first centrifugal separator of the present invention comprises: A centrifugal separator that separates components having different specific gravities contained in a fluid to be treated by centrifugal force, the centrifugal separator comprising: a rotating container; and a plurality of separation plates formed in a hollow cylindrical truncated cone shape and stacked inside the rotating container at predetermined intervals in a stacking direction, The separation plate is provided so as to protrude from the surface side of the conical surface, and is arranged along the generatrix of the conical surface, and has a strip-shaped spacer piece for maintaining the predetermined distance between the separation plate and other stacked separation plates; a concave-convex pattern formed between adjacent gap pieces in the circumferential direction of the conical surface, in which convex portions and concave portions are formed in the shape of linear segments along the generatrix of the conical surface of the separation plate and between the lower edge and the upper edge of the conical surface, The uneven pattern is characterized in that the angle formed between adjacent convex portions is 10 degrees or less.

[0007] The second separation plate of the present invention is a separation plate having a hollow cylindrical truncated cone shape, which is stacked inside a rotary vessel at predetermined intervals in the stacking direction and separates components with different specific gravities contained in a fluid to be treated introduced into the rotary vessel by centrifugal force, a strip-shaped spacer piece provided on the surface of the conical surface so as to protrude along the generatrix of the conical surface and to maintain the predetermined distance between the stacked separation plates; a concave-convex pattern formed between adjacent gap pieces in the circumferential direction of the conical surface, in which convex portions and concave portions are formed in the shape of linear segments along the generatrix of the conical surface of the separation plate and extending between the lower edge and the upper edge of the conical surface; Including, The uneven pattern is characterized in that the angle formed between adjacent convex portions is 10 degrees or less. [Effects of the Invention]

[0008] According to the present invention, by providing an area consisting of a linear uneven pattern formed along the generatrix of the conical surface between the rectangular gap pieces provided at a predetermined interval on the surface of the conical surface of the separation plate, the introduced stock solution is rectified and the separation ability of the stock solution is improved as it flows upward through the gaps between the multiple stacked separation plates. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0009] [Figure 1] FIG. 2 is a front cross-sectional view of a main part of the centrifugal separator according to the embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a separation plate according to the first embodiment. [Figure 3] 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line III-III in FIG. 2, showing an example of stacking of separation plates according to the first embodiment, and further showing the stacking state of separation plates in a cross-sectional state. FIG. [Figure 4] FIG. 2 is a plan view of a separation plate according to the first embodiment. [Figure 5] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a separation plate according to the first embodiment. [Figure 6] FIG. 10 is a schematic perspective view of a separation plate according to a second embodiment. [Figure 7] FIG. 10 is a schematic perspective view of a separation plate according to a third embodiment. [Figure 8] FIG. 10 is a plan view of a separation plate according to a third embodiment. [Figure 9] FIG. 4 is a perspective schematic view showing the flow state of the separation plate. [Figure 10] 10 is a flow diagram showing the image of flow lines between the separation plates indicated by Xa and Xb in FIG. 9. [Figure 11] FIG. 10 is a partially enlarged plan view showing a separation plate of a fourth embodiment. [Figure 12] 12 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along line XII-XII in FIG. 11, further illustrating the stacking state of the separation plates in a cross-sectional state. [Figure 13] FIG. 11 is a partially enlarged plan view showing a separation plate of a fifth embodiment. [Figure 14] (a) is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along line XIVa-XIVa in Figure 13, further showing the stacked state of the separation plates in a cross-sectional state; (b) is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along line XIVb-XIVb in Figure 13, further showing the stacked state of the separation plates in a cross-sectional state; and (c) is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along line XIVc-XIVc in Figure 13, further showing the stacked state of the separation plates in a cross-sectional state. [Figure 15] FIG. 13 is a plan view of a separation plate according to a sixth embodiment. [Figure 16]FIG. 16 is an enlarged plan view of a rectangular area surrounded by a dashed line in FIG. [Figure 17] FIG. 13 is a plan view of a separation plate according to a seventh embodiment. [Figure 18] FIG. 18 is an enlarged plan view of a rectangular area surrounded by a dashed line in FIG. 17. [Figure 19] 10A to 10D show embodiments of the uneven pattern consisting of protrusions and recesses in the separation plates of the first to seventh embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0010] An embodiment of the present invention will be described below. It should be noted that this embodiment is merely one embodiment of the present invention and is not to be construed as being limited in any way, and that appropriate design modifications are possible within the scope of the present invention. Furthermore, a plurality of embodiments can be combined. "First embodiment"

[0011] Fig. 1 is a front cross-sectional view of a main part of a centrifugal separator of the present invention. Fig. 2 is a perspective schematic view of a separation plate of this embodiment. Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line III-III in Fig. 2, showing an example of lamination of the separation plates. Fig. 4 is a plan view of the separation plate of this embodiment. Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of Fig. 4.

[0012] Hereinafter, as an embodiment of the present invention, a plate-type centrifuge will be described, which is a centrifugal separator used for purifying raw liquids, which are fluids to be treated, such as fuel oil and lubricating oil for marine diesel engines, and for classification and separation operations in various industrial fields. This plate-type centrifuge is a vertical centrifuge in which a large number of thin, truncated-cone-shaped separator plates are stacked along the axial direction of a guide cylinder with small gaps between them and mounted inside a rotor, and is designed to separate components with different specific gravities within the rotor by centrifugal force. In the case of diesel engine fuel oil, the components with different specific gravities are impurities with different specific gravities contained in the fluid to be treated, and more specifically, solids and moisture that are separated and deposited within the rotor by centrifugal force.

[0013] (Schematic configuration of a separation plate type centrifugal separator) As shown in FIG. 1, the separation plate type centrifugal separator 100 according to this embodiment has a guide tube 101 that guides the raw liquid 13, which is the fluid to be treated and is supplied from above into a rotating vessel 11 that is attached to a rotating shaft (not shown) and rotates at high speed, in a diverging direction toward the bottom of the rotating vessel, and a number of separation plates 12 that are attached in a stacked manner with small gaps in the axial direction of the guide tube 101 to separate components such as component 13B having different specific gravities in the raw liquid 13 from separated liquid 13A due to the difference in specific gravity.

[0014] The raw liquid 13 introduced into such a separation plate type centrifugal separator 100 flows upward through the gaps D formed between the multiple stacked separation plates 12, and as a result, components with a high specific gravity (solids, water, etc.) move toward the outermost diameter of the rotating body, while components with a low specific gravity move toward the center of the rotating vessel 11, and the separated liquid 13A is discharged from the top of the rotating vessel.

[0015] (Detailed structure and separation action of the separation plate 12) 2, the separation plate 12 (disc) is made of, for example, stainless steel or carbon steel and has a thickness of, for example, 0.3 mm to 1.0 mm, preferably 0.3 to 0.6 mm, and has a cap-like shape, i.e., a hollow cylindrical truncated cone shape with the upper end cut away along a plane parallel to the open bottom surface and a ring-shaped portion 14A within the same plane provided on the inner periphery. On the outer periphery of the conical surface 14, strip-shaped gap pieces (hereinafter also referred to as "gap pieces") 16 are provided along the conical generatrix of the separation plate 12, which form gaps to maintain the spacing D between the stacked separation plates 12 at, for example, 0.3 mm to 1.0 mm, preferably 0.3 to 0.6 mm when assembled into a separation plate-type centrifuge.

[0016] A notch 14B is formed on a part of the inner periphery of the ring-shaped portion 14A, and a key is inserted between the notch 14B and a key groove 101a formed in the guide tube 101 shown in Figure 1, thereby positioning (synchronizing, preventing rotation) the rotational position of the separation plate 12.

[0017] The separation capacity (throughput) when treating a fluid to be treated between the separation plates 12 by centrifugation is generally proportional to the settling area, i.e., the surface area of ​​the separation plates 12. Therefore, in order to increase the separation capacity, the number of separation plates 12 or the outer diameter is usually increased. In contrast, in the separation plate 12 of this embodiment, the separation capacity is increased by adopting an uneven pattern 15 consisting of uneven portions on the front and back surfaces of the separation plate 12 in the area between adjacent gap pieces 16, 16 in the circumferential direction of the conical surface 14.

[0018] That is, as shown in FIGS. 2 to 5, the separation plates 12 of this embodiment are stacked inside the rotary vessel 11 at predetermined intervals in the stacking direction, and have a truncated cone shape that separates components with different specific gravities contained in the raw liquid 13, which is the fluid to be treated and introduced into the rotary vessel 11, by centrifugal force.

[0019] 3, which is a cross-sectional view taken along the arrows III-III in FIG. 2, the first separator 12-1 has eight strip-shaped gap pieces 16 (16a to 16h) provided on the surface side of the conical surface 14, extending along the generatrix of the conical surface 14 and maintaining a predetermined distance D between them and the other second separator plates 12-2 that are sequentially stacked. In this embodiment, the gap pieces 16 are attached by welding.

[0020] In this embodiment, the gap piece 16 has a long, thin plate shape (strip shape) with a predetermined thickness and width, and both end portions 20, 21 in the generatrix direction of the separation plate 12 are formed in an arc shape. A plurality of the gap pieces 16 are provided at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction of the conical surface 14. The number of the gap pieces 16 is preferably 6 to 12, and more preferably 6 to 10. In this embodiment, the angle β formed between adjacent gap pieces 16 in the circumferential direction is 45 degrees. This angle can be changed depending on the specifications. In this embodiment, as shown in the plan view of FIG. 4, eight projections 16a to 16h are provided at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. Furthermore, the gap piece 16 of this embodiment has a length that leaves a space 14e between the lower edge 14C and the end 20 of the conical surface 14, and between the upper edge 14D and the end 21 thereof.

[0021] As described above, in this embodiment, the gap piece 16 is formed separately and then fixed to the conical surface 14 of the separation plate 12 by welding to form an integrated structure. However, it is also possible to use a structure in which the gap piece 16 is integrally protruded when the separation plate 12 is formed. The gap piece 16 is not limited to the illustrated form and can be modified in design within the scope of the present invention as long as it has a form that can form a predetermined gap in the stacking direction between the separation plates 16, 16 when the separation plates 16 are stacked.

[0022] As shown in Figures 2 and 4, uneven patterns 15 are formed between the first gap piece 16a and the second gap piece 16b, between the second gap piece 16b and the third gap piece 16c, between the third gap piece 16c and the fourth gap piece 16d, between the fourth gap piece 16d and the fifth gap piece 16e, between the fifth gap piece 16e and the sixth gap piece 16f, between the sixth gap piece 16f and the seventh gap piece 16g, and between the seventh gap piece 16g and the eighth gap piece 16h, which are arranged adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction of the separation plate 12.

[0023] The uneven pattern 15 is composed of multiple convex portions 12A and concave portions 12B formed in a line-like shape along the generatrix of the conical surface 14, alternately arranged in a circumferential direction from the lower edge portion 14C of the conical surface 14 to the upper edge portion 14D of the conical surface 14. Moreover, the height of the protruding portions 12A constituting the concave-convex pattern 15 in the protruding direction is formed to be lower than the height of the spacer pieces 16 in the protruding direction.

[0024] As shown in FIG. 4, the concave-convex pattern 15 in this embodiment is made up of eight patterns (first to eighth patterns), each of which is made up of a plurality of convex portions 12A and a plurality of concave portions 12B.

[0025] Here, the angle α1 formed between each of the convex portions 12A adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction is 10 degrees or less, and more preferably 8 degrees or less. This is because, if the angle exceeds 10 degrees, the flow straightening effect is not sufficiently exhibited in the flow straightening region 17 formed by the distance D between the separation plates 12 formed during stacking as described below. The angle α1 between adjacent convex portions 12A may be the same angle or different angles between all convex portions.

[0026] In this embodiment, an uneven pattern 15 consisting of six convex portions 12A (first convex portions 12A-1 to 12A-6) and five concave portions 12B is formed between the first gap piece 16a and the second gap piece 16b adjacent to this first gap piece 16a in the circumferential direction.

[0027] In the concave-convex pattern 15 of this embodiment, the angle α1 between adjacent convex portions 12A and each convex portion 12A is 5 degrees. The angle α2 between the first gap piece 16a and the first convex portion 12A-1 adjacent thereto in the circumferential direction is 10 degrees, and the surface between the first gap piece 16a and the first convex portion 12A-1 is a flat surface 14E. When the number of the space pieces 16 is eight, β can be set to (α1×5)+(α2×2). As an example, if β is 45 degrees, the result is as follows. β = (α1 (5 degrees) × 5 pieces) + (α2 (10 degrees) × 2 pieces) = 45 degrees (8 gap pieces) β = (α1 (2.5 degrees) x 10 pieces) + (α2 (10 degrees) x 2 pieces) = 45 degrees (8 gap pieces) Also, if β is 60 degrees, the result is as follows. β = (α1 (5 degrees) × 8 pieces) + (α2 (10 degrees) × 2 pieces) = 60 degrees (6 gap pieces) β = (α1 (8 degrees) × 5 pieces) + (α2 (10 degrees) × 2 pieces) = 60 degrees (6 gap pieces)

[0028] That is, both side regions of the first gap piece 16a (between the first gap piece 16a and the first convex portion 12A-1, and between the first gap piece 16a and the sixth convex portion 12H-6 of the eighth uneven pattern 15) are flat surfaces 14E, so that when the separation plate 12 is molded, for example, the uneven pattern 15 is reliably formed with a predetermined spacing.

[0029] The angle will change depending on the number of spacing pieces 16 installed, but for example, if there are eight spacing pieces 16, β is 45 degrees and α1 can be set to approximately 3 to 8 degrees. In this case, if α1 is 3 degrees, α2 is preferably 15 degrees, and if α1 is 8 degrees, it is preferably approximately 3 degrees.

[0030] Furthermore, when multiple separation plates 12 (12-1, 12-2, etc.) are stacked, the stacked area between the gap piece 16-1 at the bottom of the stack and the gap piece 16-2 at the top of the stack forms a straightening area 17 with the surface of the separation plate 12-1 at the bottom of the stack in the stacked area and the back surface of the other separation plate 12-2 at the top of the stack (see Figure 3). As a result, the flow of the introduced raw liquid 13 is straightened by the formation of the straightening region 17, resulting in a laminar flow, which rises and flows through the gap D between the multiple stacked separation plates. At this time, components with a high specific gravity (i.e., solids and moisture) 13B that have settled on the back surface of the upper separation plate 12-2 in the stack are not stirred up by the turbulent flow, and as a result, the components with a high specific gravity move toward the outer diameter of the rotor, while the separated liquid 13 moves toward the center of the rotating vessel 11, improving separation ability.

[0031] Here, in the present invention, laminar flow refers to a unidirectional flow as shown in the flow diagram in the region of uneven pattern 15A having six convex portions on conical surface 14 of the separation plate (angle α1 between first convex portion 12A-1 and second convex portion 12A-2 adjacent to first convex portion 12A-1 in the circumferential direction is 10 degrees or less), as shown in the schematic image diagram of Figure 9. In contrast, in the case of the flow diagram in the region of uneven pattern 15B where α1 exceeds 10 degrees, the flow is not laminar but turbulent, with streamlines intersecting, and the two flows are different.

[0032] Here, the outline of the flow diagram of the streamline image of the partial cross section of the separation plate shown in Xa and Xb in FIG. 9 is shown in FIGS. 10(a) and 10(b). As shown in the flow diagram of streamlines in Figure 10(a), in the case of laminar flow, the flow velocity F1 near the wall of the separator plate is smaller than the flow velocity F11 on the wall side of the turbulent flow shown in the flow diagram of streamlines in Figure 10(b). As a result, components with different specific gravities (solids, water, etc.) in the introduced raw liquid 13 tend to move toward the outer diameter side.

[0033] 10(a), in the case of laminar flow, the flow lines do not intersect, the flow velocity F2 is faster in the center, and the flow velocity F3 on the wall surface side is approximately 0. As a result, centrifugal force makes it easier for solid particles and water to move toward the flow straightening region 17 of the separation plate 12 or the outer diameter side of the uneven pattern 15A.

[0034] In contrast, in the case of turbulent flow as shown in Figure 10(b), the streamlines intersect, the flow velocity F12 in the central portion is almost constant, and the flow velocity F11 on the wall surface side is only slightly slower, and does not become approximately 0 like the flow velocity F3 on the wall surface side as shown in Figure 10(a). As a result, the movement of solid particles and moisture due to centrifugal force to the flow straightening region 17 of the separation plate 12 or the outer diameter side of the uneven pattern 15B is suppressed. As described above, according to the present invention, by forming an area such as the uneven pattern 15A in FIG. 10(a), laminar flow is obtained, and turbulent flow is not obtained as in the area of ​​the uneven pattern 15B in FIG. 10(b), thereby improving separation ability.

[0035] In this way, by limiting the flow path formed by the uneven pattern 15 and forming the flow straightening region 17, slippage of the separation liquid 13 on the separation plate 12 is prevented.

[0036] That is, if the conical surface 14 of the separation plate 12 is flat and does not have the predetermined uneven pattern 15 formed thereon, the separation plate 12 rotates at high speed counterclockwise during centrifugation, causing the separated liquid to slide in the direction of the rotation delay on the separation plate 12, preventing it from receiving sufficient centrifugal force and reducing the separation efficiency.

[0037] This is because when the separation plate is rotating at a high speed, for example, 5,000 to 12,000 r / min (rpm), the separated liquid cannot synchronize sufficiently with the rotation and slides in the direction lagging behind the rotation, causing the liquid flow to become turbulent, resulting in an insufficient rotation speed of less than 12,000 r / min, and insufficient centrifugal effect being obtained. As a result, if the flat conical surface 14 is formed without the uneven pattern 15, the centrifugal force that the separated liquid receives will be smaller, resulting in a decrease in the separation efficiency of components with different specific gravities in the separated liquid.

[0038] In contrast to this, by providing the uneven pattern 15 in the generatrix direction as in the present invention, a physical wall is created, making it possible to prevent the liquid from sliding on the separation plate 12 in the direction of rotation delay. As a result, according to the present invention, it is possible to fully synchronize with the high speed rotation of the separation plate 12, and to receive the maximum centrifugal effect.

[0039] Furthermore, even if the outer dimensions of the separation plate 12 remain the same, the surface area of ​​the conical surface 14 increases, making it easy to increase the processing capacity. Therefore, for example, it is easy to obtain high processing capacity when the particle size is very small.

[0040] Furthermore, since the gap pieces 16 are arranged in the form of flat plates at predetermined intervals in the generatrix direction, even when multiple plates are stacked, the separation plates on the stacked side are prevented from shifting from each other due to compression and centrifugal force, thereby eliminating factors such as deformation of the separation plates and mechanical vibration.

[0041] Furthermore, since the lower side of the uneven pattern 15 is formed from the lower edge 14C of the conical surface 14, the introduction of the raw liquid into the gap is more reliable than when it is not formed from the lower edge 14C, and a laminar flow can be formed immediately.

[0042] In this embodiment, the circumferential region is provided with a discharge mechanism that discharges components with different specific gravities separated by centrifugal force to the outside. This mechanism is a self-discharge mechanism that discharges components with different specific gravities (solids, water, etc.) that have accumulated instantaneously while maintaining the rotation of the separation plate 12 of the centrifugal separator.

[0043] For example, during centrifugation while the centrifugal separator is in operation, the valve cylinder 111, which moves up and down, moves upward and the upper edge 111a of the outer periphery is pressed against the seal portion 112, closing the intermittent discharge port 113 and depositing components with different specific gravities (solids, etc.). Then, when the amount of deposits in the rotary vessel 11 reaches a predetermined amount, for example, based on the amount of processed raw liquid 13 and the content of components with different specific gravities, the valve cylinder 111 is moved downward and the raw liquid is discharged all at once from the intermittent discharge port 113. Second Embodiment

[0044] FIG. 6 is a schematic perspective view of a separation plate according to the second embodiment. As shown in FIG. 6, the separation plate of this embodiment has a plurality of notched liquid passage holes 19 formed in the lower edge 14C of the conical surface 14. By providing the liquid passage holes 19, the raw liquid 13 can be reliably distributed and supplied to each separation plate when multiple plates are stacked.

[0045] Furthermore, by forming notched liquid passage holes 19 in the lower edge 14C of the conical surface 14, the raw liquid 13 can be supplied evenly to the entire surface of the uneven pattern 15 formed on the separation plate 12. The other configurations and effects are the same as those of the first embodiment, and the same parts are denoted by the same reference numerals and their description will be omitted. "Third embodiment"

[0046] Figure 7 is a schematic perspective view of a separator plate according to a third embodiment, and Figure 8 is a plan view of the separator plate according to the third embodiment. As shown in Figures 7 and 8, the separation plate of this embodiment forms a circumferentially continuous band-shaped flat surface region 14a (a region where the uneven pattern 15 is not formed) between the upper edge portion 14D of the conical surface 14 and the upper end region 15a of the uneven pattern 15. As in this embodiment, by forming a circumferentially continuous band-shaped flat surface region 14a (a region where the concave-convex pattern 15 is not formed) between the upper edge portion 14D of the conical surface 14 and the upper end region 15a of the concave-convex pattern 15, The cross-sectional area decreases toward the upper end. As a result, the liquid flow rate increases compared to the lower end. Therefore, by providing a flat section, the liquid is dispersed in the circumferential direction, reducing the flow rate and improving separation efficiency. The other configurations and effects are the same as those of the first and second embodiments, and therefore the description thereof will be omitted. "Fourth Embodiment"

[0047] 11 and 12 are schematic diagrams showing the fourth embodiment. In this embodiment, an example of another embodiment of the concave-convex pattern 15 arranged between adjacent spacer pieces 16 in the circumferential direction of the conical surface 14 is shown.

[0048] Similar to the separation plate 12 of the third embodiment, the separation plate 12 of this embodiment forms a circumferentially continuous band-shaped flat surface region 14a (a region where the uneven pattern 15 is not formed) between the upper edge portion 14D of the conical surface 14 and the upper end region 15a of the uneven pattern 15. This embodiment has a characteristic configuration in the uneven pattern 15, and the other configurations and effects are the same as those of the first to third embodiments, so the uneven pattern 15 of this embodiment can be adopted in those embodiments as appropriate.

[0049] In the concave-convex pattern 15 of this embodiment, flat surfaces 12C are provided between the convex portions 12A. 11 and 12, the present embodiment employs a convex-concave pattern 15 formed continuously between the gap pieces 16, in the order of convex portion 12A (12A-1), concave portion 12B, convex portion 12A (12A-2), flat surface 12C, convex portion 12A (12A-5), concave portion 12B, and convex portion 12A (12A-6). Thus, the flat end surface 12c is disposed between the convex portion 12A-2 and the convex portion 12A-5.

[0050] The uneven pattern 15 of this embodiment is not limited to the illustrated form, and is within the scope of the present invention as long as it has a flat surface 12C and at least convex portions 12A and concave portions 12B arranged on the left and right sides of the flat surface 12C in the circumferential direction. In addition, in this embodiment, a pattern is illustrated in which a flat surface 12C is arranged between the convex portion 12A (12A-2) and the convex portion 12A (12A-5), but a pattern in which a flat surface 12C is arranged between the concave portions 12B and 12B may also be used.

[0051] With this configuration, as shown in Fig. 9, the flow velocity is slow in the flat portion (see reference numeral 15B in Fig. 9), so the liquid stays on the separation plate for a long time. In addition, since the uneven portion is provided, a flow straightening effect (see reference numeral 15A in Fig. 9) can be obtained by the uneven portion, and a synergistic effect can be exhibited. Fifth Embodiment

[0052] 13 and 14 are schematic diagrams showing the fifth embodiment. In this embodiment, an example of another embodiment of the concave-convex pattern 15 arranged between adjacent spacer pieces 16 in the circumferential direction of the conical surface 14 is shown. The concave-convex pattern 15 of this embodiment is characterized in that recessed flow paths 20 are formed by cutting out the convex portions 12A to a predetermined depth at predetermined intervals in the generatrix direction of the convex portions 12A. Similar to the separation plate 12 of the third embodiment, the separation plate 12 of this embodiment forms a circumferentially continuous band-shaped flat surface region 14a (a region where the uneven pattern 15 is not formed) between the upper edge portion 14D of the conical surface 14 and the upper end region 15a of the uneven pattern 15. This embodiment has a characteristic configuration in the uneven pattern 15, and the other configurations and effects are the same as those of the first to fourth embodiments, so the uneven pattern 15 of this embodiment can be adopted in those embodiments as appropriate.

[0053] The concave flow paths 20 are cut out at regular intervals and with a certain depth in the generatrix direction of the convex portion 12A. The depth and length in the generatrix direction of the concave flow channel 20 are not particularly limited to this embodiment, and may be modified within the scope of the present invention. The concave flow paths 20 may be cut out in the same shape or in different shapes. The convex portions 12A-1 to 12A-6 may have different shapes, and the number of cutouts in each convex portion 12A may be different. Furthermore, the convex portions 12A may be cut out at an angle (diagonal) to the generating line of the convex portion 12A.

[0054] In this way, the presence of the notches allows the flow velocity to move from a location where the flow velocity is high to a location where the flow velocity is low, which makes it possible to equalize the overall flow velocity. As a result, the flow velocity is made uniform, which improves the flow straightening effect.

[0055] Furthermore, the configuration shown in the fourth embodiment, that is, the configuration in which flat surfaces 12C are provided between the concave and convex portions, can also be adopted in this embodiment, and the design can be changed as desired. "Sixth Embodiment"

[0056] 15 and 16 are schematic diagrams showing the sixth embodiment. In this embodiment, an example of another embodiment of the concave-convex pattern 15 arranged between adjacent spacer pieces 16 in the circumferential direction of the conical surface 14 is shown. Similar to the separation plate 12 of the third embodiment, the separation plate 12 of this embodiment forms a circumferentially continuous band-shaped flat surface region 14a (a region where the uneven pattern 15 is not formed) between the upper edge portion 14D of the conical surface 14 and the upper end region 15a of the uneven pattern 15. This embodiment has a characteristic configuration in the uneven pattern 15, and the other configurations and effects are the same as those of the first to fifth embodiments, so the uneven pattern 15 of this embodiment can be adopted in those embodiments as appropriate.

[0057] The uneven pattern 15 of this embodiment is an example of an implementation using a cylindrical guide tube 30 having four protruding ribs 32 spaced at regular intervals around the circumference of the tube, and each separation plate 12 is key-connected via the ribs 32. The convex portion 12A is composed of a first convex portion 18a extending in the generatrix direction from the lower edge portion 14C side toward the upper edge portion 14A side, and a second convex portion 18b continuing from the first convex portion 18a and extending toward the upper edge portion 14A at an angle α3 so as to avoid the rib 32.

[0058] The reason for this configuration is that if the separated liquid collides with the rib 32 of the guide tube 30, the flow rate of the separated liquid will decrease and the separated liquid will remain, which may result in disruption of the flow regulation. Therefore, as described above, the rib 32 is avoided by configuring it so that it is not a straight line extending straight in the generatrix direction, but is angled at an angle α3 midway, i.e., from the second convex portion 18b toward the upper edge portion 14A. In this embodiment, the angle α3 of the second convex portion 18b is assumed to be, for example, 15 degrees or less.

[0059] In this embodiment, the angle α3 of the second convex portion 18b is assumed to be, for example, 10 degrees, and is preferably set to 15 degrees or less. The angle α3 of the second convex portion 18b is preferably set to 15 degrees or less, so that the imaginary straight line VL1 of the second convex portion 18b extending toward the upper edge portion 14A does not contact (intersect) with the generating line BL1 (shown as an imaginary line) of the adjacent convex portion 12A on the separation plate 12, as shown in Figure 16. The angle of 15 degrees or less also ensures good dischargeability, as a larger angle would result in poor dischargeability. The reason for the angle being set to 15 degrees or less is that if the angle is greater than 15 degrees, there is a risk of the protrusions intersecting with adjacent protrusions. This angle also ensures dischargeability by avoiding the ribs 32. This is because if the angle is greater than 15 degrees, dischargeability will be poor. By configuring in this way, the separated liquid flows smoothly without disturbing the flow. Furthermore, this configuration prevents the separated liquid from stagnating, which improves both separation and discharge.

[0060] In this embodiment, all of the convex portions 12A are configured to consist of a first convex portion 18a and a second convex portion 18b, but it is also within the scope of the present invention to adopt the configuration of the convex portions 12A of this embodiment (a configuration including the first convex portion 18a and the second convex portion 18b) only for at least the convex portions 12A (12A-1, 12A-6) near the rib 32 of the guide tube 30, and to configure the other convex portions 12A (12A-2 to 12A-5) as convex portions 12A configured linearly in the generatrix direction.

[0061] Furthermore, the configuration shown in the fourth embodiment, i.e., the configuration in which a flat surface 12C is provided between the concave and convex portions, can be adopted in this embodiment, and the design can be modified as desired. Furthermore, the configuration shown in the fifth embodiment, i.e., the configuration in which a notch 20 is provided in the convex portion 12A, can be adopted in this embodiment, and the design can be modified as desired. Furthermore, it is of course possible to adopt both the fourth embodiment and the fifth embodiment in this embodiment. Furthermore, the guide tube 30 is not limited to the illustrated form, but can be modified to any known form as appropriate depending on the specifications. The number of protruding ribs 32 is also not limited to the present invention. Seventh Embodiment

[0062] 17 and 18 are schematic diagrams showing the seventh embodiment. In this embodiment, an example of another embodiment of the concave-convex pattern 15 arranged between adjacent spacer pieces 16 in the circumferential direction of the conical surface 14 is shown. Similar to the separation plate 12 of the third embodiment, the separation plate 12 of this embodiment forms a circumferentially continuous band-shaped flat surface region 14a (a region where the uneven pattern 15 is not formed) between the upper edge portion 14D of the conical surface 14 and the upper end region 15a of the uneven pattern 15. This embodiment has a characteristic configuration in the uneven pattern 15, and the other configurations and effects are the same as those of the first to sixth embodiments, so the uneven pattern 15 of this embodiment can be adopted in those embodiments as appropriate.

[0063] The uneven pattern 15 of this embodiment is composed of only the convex portion 12A (12A-4 to 12A-6) that overlaps the liquid passage hole 19, a second convex portion 18b that extends linearly in the generatrix direction from the upper edge 14A side toward the lower edge 14C side, and a first convex portion 18a that continues from the second convex portion 18b and reaches the liquid passage hole 19 at a certain angle toward the liquid passage hole 19.

[0064] The reason why only the protrusions 12A (12A-4 to 12A-6) that overlap the liquid passage holes 19 are configured with an angle α4 toward the lower edge is that liquid may slide in the rotation direction around the liquid passage holes 19, which may cause a flow toward the outside of the separation plate 12. Therefore, the configuration of this embodiment is adopted to prevent such a flow from occurring toward the outside of the separation plate 12. In this embodiment, the angle α4 of the first protrusion 18a is assumed to be, for example, 5 degrees, and is preferably set to 10 degrees or less. The reason why the angle α4 of the first protrusion 18a is preferably set to 10 degrees or less is to configure the first protrusion 18a so that the imaginary straight line VL1 extending toward the lower edge 14C does not contact (intersect) with the generating line BL1 (shown as an imaginary line) of the adjacent protrusion 12A on the separation plate 12, as shown in FIG. In this embodiment, the angle α4 of the first protrusion 18a is assumed to be, for example, 5 degrees, and is preferably set to 10 degrees or less. The reason why the angle α4 of the first protrusion 18a is preferably set to 10 degrees or less is to configure the first protrusion 18a so that the imaginary straight line VL1 extending toward the upper edge 14A does not contact (intersect) with the generating line BL1 (shown as an imaginary line) of the adjacent protrusion 12A on the separation plate 12, as shown in FIG. The angle of 10 degrees or less ensures good dischargeability, as dischargeability deteriorates if the angle is greater than 10 degrees.

[0065] Furthermore, the configuration shown in the fourth embodiment, i.e., a configuration in which a flat surface 12C is disposed between the concave and convex portions, can be adopted in this embodiment, and any design modification is possible. Furthermore, the configuration shown in the fifth embodiment, i.e., a configuration in which a notch 20 is provided in the convex portion 12A, can be adopted in this embodiment, and any design modification is possible. Furthermore, the configuration shown in the sixth embodiment, i.e., the convex portions 12A (all or any of 12A-1 to 12A-3) other than the convex portions 12A (12A-4 to 12A-6) unique to this embodiment, can be configured with a first convex portion 18a extending in the generatrix direction from the lower edge 14C toward the upper edge 14A, and a second convex portion 18b continuing from the first convex portion 18a and angled at an angle α3 toward the upper edge 14A so as to avoid the rib 32, can be adopted in this embodiment, and any design modification is possible. Furthermore, it is of course possible to adopt all or any combination of the fourth to sixth embodiments in this embodiment. Eighth Embodiment

[0066] 19 shows an eighth embodiment, which is another example of the concave-convex pattern 15 shown in the first to seventh embodiments. This embodiment can be commonly applied to all of the first to seventh embodiments. Note that the number of convex portions 12A and concave portions 12B shown in the figure is merely an example and should not be interpreted as being limited, and the numbers in the above-mentioned embodiments can also be used.

[0067] Figure 19(a) shows a configuration in which a convex portion 12A, a concave portion 12B, ... are arranged between adjacent gap pieces 16, 16 (not shown) in the circumferential direction, and the convex portion 12A (12A') is located near each of the adjacent gap pieces 16, 16. In this embodiment, the depth D1 of the recess 12B (12B') adjacent to the protrusion 12A (12A') is greater (deeper) than the height H of the protrusion 12A (12A') adjacent to the gap piece 16. The size (height and depth) of the protrusion 12A and the recess 12B arranged between the recess 12B (12B') and the recess 12B (12B') is the same as that of the protrusion 12A (12A'). It is assumed that the size (depth) of the recess 12B (12B') is greater (deeper) than 0.25 mm, and the pitch is set to be greater than 0.5 mm.

[0068] Figure 19(b) shows a configuration in which a recess 12B, a protrusion 12A, a recess 12B, a protrusion 12A, a recess 12B, a protrusion 12A, a recess 12B, a recess 12B, and a recess 12B are arranged between adjacent gap pieces 16, 16 (not shown) in the circumferential direction, and a recess 12B (12B') is located near each of the adjacent gap pieces 16, 16. In this embodiment, the height H of the protrusion 12A (12A') adjacent to the recess 12B (12B') is greater (higher) than the depth D1 of the recess 12B (12B') adjacent to the gap piece 16. Also, the size (height and depth) of the recess 12B and the protrusion 12A arranged between the protrusions 12A (12A') and 12A (12A') is the same as the size of the protrusion 12A (12A'). It is assumed that the size (depth) of the recess 12B (12B') is greater (deeper) than 0.25 mm and the pitch is set to be greater than 0.5 mm.

[0069] Figure 19(c) shows, similarly to Figure 19(b), a configuration in which the height H of the convex portion 12A (12A') adjacent to the recess 12B (12B') adjacent to the gap piece 16 is made larger (higher) than the depth D1 of the recess 12B (12B') adjacent to the gap piece 16. In this embodiment, the recesses 12B disposed between the protrusions 12A (12A') have the same size (height and depth) as the protrusions 12A (12A'), and the protrusions 12A disposed between the recesses 12B are smaller (lower) than the protrusions 12A (12A'). It is assumed that the size (depth) of the recesses 12B (12B') is set to be greater (deeper) than 0.25 mm, and the pitch is set to be greater than 0.5 mm.

[0070] The concave-convex pattern disclosed in this specification and the drawings is merely one embodiment of the present invention and is not to be construed as being limited thereto, and any concave-convex pattern that can achieve the object of the present invention is within the scope of the present invention. Furthermore, the concave-convex patterns of each embodiment can be appropriately combined depending on the specifications and can be arbitrarily adopted within the scope of the present invention. [Industrial Applicability]

[0071] The present invention is applicable to a separator plate type centrifugal separator that separates components with different specific gravities contained in a fluid to be treated, and to separator plates used in such centrifugal separators in general. [Explanation of symbols]

[0072] 11 Rotating container 12 Separation plate 12A Convex part 12B Recess 13 Fluid to be treated (raw liquid) 13A Separation liquid 13B Emissions (high specific gravity components) 14 Conical Surface 14A Ring-shaped part 14B Notch 14C Lower edge 14D Upper edge 14E Flat surface 15 Concave and Convex Pattern 15a Upper end region of the concave-convex pattern 16 gap piece 17 Rectification area 19 Notched liquid passage hole 100 Separating plate type centrifugal separator 101 Guide tube 101a Keyway 111 Valve cylinder 111a Upper edge of outer periphery 112 Seal part 113 Intermittent discharge port D interval

Claims

1. A centrifugal separator that separates components having different specific gravities contained in a fluid to be treated by centrifugal force, the centrifugal separator comprising: a rotating container; and a plurality of separation plates formed in a hollow cylindrical truncated cone shape and stacked inside the rotating container at predetermined intervals in a stacking direction, The separation plate is a strip-shaped spacer piece provided on the surface of the conical surface so as to protrude along the generatrix of the conical surface and to maintain the predetermined distance between the stacked separation plates; a concave-convex pattern formed between adjacent gap pieces in the circumferential direction of the conical surface, in which convex portions and concave portions are formed in the shape of linear segments along the generatrix of the conical surface of the separation plate and extending between the lower edge and the upper edge of the conical surface; Including, A centrifugal separator, characterized in that in the concave-convex pattern, the angle formed between adjacent convex portions is 10 degrees or less.

2. When the plurality of separation plates are stacked, the region stacked between the gap piece at the bottom of the stack and the gap piece at the top of the stack is 2. The centrifugal separator according to claim 1, wherein a flow straightening area is formed by a surface of the lower separation plate in the stacked area and a back surface of another upper separation plate in the stacked area.

3. 3. The centrifugal separator according to claim 1, wherein a band-shaped flat surface region is formed between an upper edge of the conical surface and an upper end region of the concave-convex pattern, the band-shaped flat surface region being continuous in the circumferential direction.

4. 3. The centrifugal separator according to claim 1, wherein the conical surface has a notch near the apex thereof.

5. 3. The centrifugal separator according to claim 1, wherein a notched liquid passage hole is provided at a lower edge of the conical surface.

6. 3. The centrifugal separator according to claim 1, further comprising a discharge section for discharging components having different specific gravities separated by centrifugal force to the outside.

7. A plurality of separation plates having a hollow cylindrical truncated cone shape are stacked inside a rotary vessel at predetermined intervals in the stacking direction, and separate components with different specific gravities contained in a fluid to be treated introduced into the rotary vessel by centrifugal force, a strip-shaped spacer piece provided on the surface of the conical surface so as to protrude along the generatrix of the conical surface and to maintain the predetermined distance between the stacked separation plates; a concave-convex pattern formed between adjacent gap pieces in the circumferential direction of the conical surface, in which convex portions and concave portions are formed in the shape of linear segments along the generatrix of the conical surface of the separation plate and extending between the lower edge and the upper edge of the conical surface; Including, A separator plate characterized in that the uneven pattern is formed such that the angle formed between adjacent convex portions is 10 degrees or less.

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