Cable connection part

Abstract

To provide a cable connection part using a rubber block insulator, in which a cable retaining force against an axis force is large and the long term stability is excellent.SOLUTION: A cable connection part includes a conductor connection tube connecting cable conductors of two power cables, a conductive intermediate sleeve disposed in close contact with an outer peripheral surface of the conductor connection tube, a rubber block insulator disposed in close contact with an outer peripheral surface of the intermediate sleeve, and a biding member that is disposed on an outer peripheral surface of the rubber block insulator and regulates change in an outer diameter of the rubber block insulator. The intermediate sleeve has a constant diameter portion disposed at the center in the axis direction and having a fixed outer diameter and an increased diameter portion connected to each side of the constant diameter portion and having an outer diameter increasing toward the constant diameter portion. The binding member is disposed such that a portion, of the outer peripheral surface of the rubber block insulator, at least corresponding to the increased diameter portion is included in a binding region.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a cable connection part for connecting two power cables. [Background technology]

[0002] Conventionally, a known cable connection part (so-called intermediate connection part) for connecting two power cables has a configuration in which the cable conductor of one power cable is electrically connected to the cable conductor of the other power cable via a conductor connection tube to form a cable terminal part, and a reinforcing insulator is arranged to cover the cable terminal part.

[0003] In particular, rubber block joints (hereinafter referred to as "RBJs") are widely used, which use a one-piece rubber block insulator in which the internal electrode, rubber insulating section, stress cone section, and external shielding layer are integrally molded as a reinforcing insulator (see, for example, Patent Document 1). RBJs are easy to install, so they are useful for shortening construction time and reducing costs.

[0004] RBJs are installed, for example, using the diameter expansion method. In this method, a cable insertion hole in a rubber block insulator is held in an expanded state by a diameter expansion holding pipe. After the ends of the two power cables to be connected are processed, the rubber block insulator is temporarily inserted into one of the cables. After the conductors are connected, the rubber block insulator is moved to a predetermined position, and the diameter expansion holding pipe is removed to reduce the diameter of the cable insertion hole, thereby attaching the rubber block insulator to the cable end. The diameter expansion holding pipe can be, for example, a diameter expansion member (so-called spiral core) made by spirally winding a ribbon-shaped polymer material into a pipe shape, or a half-cylindrical pipe made of a rigid body. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0005] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-86632 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0006] As shown in Fig. 1, a conventional cable connection portion 1A such as that disclosed in Patent Document 1 is configured such that the outer diameter of a conductor connection portion 12 is made to match the outer diameter of a cable insulator 112, so that the inner circumferential surface of an insulation unit 20 (rubber block insulator) is in close contact with the conductor connection portion 12 and the cable insulator 112. The outer diameter of the conductor connection portion 12 is adjusted, for example, by wrapping a semiconductive rubber tape around the conductor connection tube 41 and the cable conductor 111 or by attaching a metallic cylindrical sleeve. The inner diameter of the insulation unit 20 is set smaller than the outer diameters of the conductor connection portion 12 and the cable insulator 112, and the insulation unit 20 grips the cable terminal portion 10 by utilizing the elastic force of the rubber resulting from the difference in diameter.

[0007] For this reason, it is difficult for the conventional cable connection 1A to achieve a large cable holding force (a force that holds the cable so that it does not shift in the axial direction), and there is a risk that the axial force will change the interface state between the insulating unit 20 and the cable insulator 112. In particular, in cable connection parts for extra-high voltage cables, which can generate a large axial force, further improvement in cable holding force against axial force is desired.

[0008] SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a cable joint using a rubber block insulator, which has high cable retention against axial forces and excellent long-term stability. [Means for solving the problem]

[0009] The cable connection part according to the present disclosure comprises: a conductor connection pipe for connecting the cable conductors of the two power cables; a conductive intermediate sleeve disposed in close contact with an outer peripheral surface of the conductor connection tube; a rubber block insulator disposed in close contact with the outer peripheral surface of the intermediate sleeve; a restraining member disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the rubber block insulator and restricting a change in the outer diameter of the rubber block insulator, the intermediate sleeve has a constant diameter portion located at the center in the axial direction and having a constant outer diameter, and expanded diameter portions provided on both sides of the constant diameter portion and having an outer diameter that increases toward the constant diameter portion, The restraining member is disposed so that at least a portion of the outer peripheral surface of the rubber block insulator that corresponds to the enlarged diameter portion is included in a restraining region. [Effects of the Invention]

[0010] According to the present disclosure, in a cable connection using a rubber block insulator, it is possible to increase the cable retention force against axial force and achieve excellent long-term stability. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0011] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a conventional RBJ type cable connection portion. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the overall configuration of the cable connection unit according to the embodiment. [Figure 3] FIG. 3 is a half cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the insulating unit according to the embodiment. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a half cross-sectional view showing the configuration of a conductor connecting portion according to the embodiment. [Figure 5] FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of the outer shape of the intermediate sleeve. [Figure 6] FIG. 6 is a diagram showing another example of the outer shape of the intermediate sleeve. [Figure 7] FIG. 7 is a diagram showing another example of the outer shape of the intermediate sleeve. [Figure 8] FIG. 8 is a diagram showing another example of the outer shape of the intermediate sleeve. [Figure 9] FIG. 9 is a diagram showing another example of the insulating unit. [Figure 10] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing another example of the insulating unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0012] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

[0013] Fig. 2 is a diagram showing the overall configuration of the cable connecting portion 1 according to the embodiment. Fig. 2 shows a half cross section of the interior of the protective case 31. Fig. 3 is a half cross section showing the configuration of the insulating unit 20. Fig. 4 is a half cross section showing the configuration of the conductor connecting portion 12.

[0014] As shown in Fig. 2-4, the cable connection part 1 is constructed by attaching a cable terminal part 10 to an insulating unit 20. The cable connection part 1 is an intermediate connection part called a rubber block joint (RBJ).

[0015] The cable terminal portion 10 is a portion where the cable conductors 111 of the power cables 11A and 11B are connected by a conductor connecting portion 12. The conductor connecting portion 12 includes a conductor connecting pipe 41 and an intermediate sleeve .

[0016] The power cables 11A and 11B are power cables (e.g., CV cables) insulated with rubber or plastic. The power cables 11A and 11B include, from the inside out, a cable conductor 111, a cable insulator 112, a cable outer semiconductive layer 113, a cable shielding layer (not shown), and a cable sheath 114. In the power cables 11A and 11B, the exposed portion inside the cable outer semiconductive layer 113, excluding at least the cable sheath 114 and the cable shielding layer, is referred to as the "cable core." At the cable terminal 10, each layer is exposed by step-stripping a predetermined length from the tip of the power cables 11A and 11B.

[0017] The conductor connection tube 41 electrically and mechanically connects the cable conductors 111 of the power cables 11A and 11B. The conductor connection tube 13 is made of a conductive metal material suitable for current flow, such as copper, aluminum, a copper alloy, or an aluminum alloy. The conductor connection tube 13 is connected to the cable conductor 111 by, for example, inserting the cable conductor 111 into the tube and compressing it using a compression tool such as a compression die.

[0018] The intermediate sleeve 42 is arranged to cover the conductor connection tube 41 and the exposed portions of the cable conductor 111. The intermediate sleeve 42 is a cylindrical member made of a conductive material. The shape of the inner circumferential surface of the intermediate sleeve 42 matches the shape of the outer circumferential surface of the conductor connection tube 41 after compression. When the cable terminal 10 is attached to the insulation unit 20, the inner circumferential surface of the intermediate sleeve 42 comes into close contact with the conductor connection tube 41, and the outer circumferential surface comes into close contact with the internal electrode 22 of the insulation unit 20. In other words, the cable conductor 111 is electrically connected to the internal electrode 22 via the conductor connection tube 41 and the intermediate sleeve 42.

[0019] The intermediate sleeve 42 has a constant diameter portion 421 with a constant outer diameter at the axial center of its outer peripheral surface. The intermediate sleeve 42 also has expanding diameter portions 422 on both axial sides of the constant diameter portion 421, the expanding diameter portions 422 having an outer diameter that increases toward the constant diameter portion 421. In the example shown in FIG. 4 , the outer diameter d2 of the constant diameter portion 421 is larger than the outer diameter d1 of the cable insulator 112.

[0020] The interface between the constant diameter portion 421 and the insulating unit 20 is parallel to the axial direction, whereas the interface between the expanded diameter portion 422 and the insulating unit 20 is not parallel to the axial direction but intersects with it. When axial force is applied to the cable terminal portion 10, the cable core attempts to move in the axial direction, but the axial movement of the cable core is restricted because the insulating unit 20 and the expanded diameter portion 422 intersect with each other in the axial direction. The inclination angle of the expanded diameter portion 422 with respect to the axial direction and the axial length are set appropriately taking into account the effect of restricting the axial movement of the cable core.

[0021] In order to effectively restrict the axial movement of the cable core, the intermediate sleeve 42 is preferably a rigid body that does not deform due to the elastic force of the insulating unit 20. The intermediate sleeve 42 can be formed, for example, from a conductive metal material, similar to the conductor connection tube 41. When the intermediate sleeve 42 is a rigid body, it is preferable that the intermediate sleeve 42 has a half structure that is divided into two along the axial direction. This makes it possible to easily attach the intermediate sleeve 42 after the cable conductor 111 is compression-connected to the conductor connection tube 41.

[0022] The intermediate sleeve 42 need only be made of a conductive material and does not have to be made of a metal material. For example, the intermediate sleeve 42 may be formed by wrapping a conductive rubber tape around the outer circumferential surfaces of the conductor connection tube 41 and the cable conductor 111.

[0023] The insulating unit 20 is arranged so as to be in close contact with the outer peripheral surface of the cable terminal 10. The insulating unit 20 is a one-piece rubber block insulator in which a rubber insulating portion 21, an internal electrode 22, a stress cone portion 23, and an external shielding layer 24 are integrally molded.

[0024] The insulating unit 20 shown in Fig. 2 has a double-end cutoff structure in which the external shielding layer 24 is not connected to any of the stress cone sections 23. Note that the insulating unit 20 may have a single-end cutoff structure in which the external shielding layer 24 is connected to either one of the stress cone sections 23, 23, or a no-cutoff structure in which the external shielding layer 24 is connected to both of the stress cone sections 23, 23.

[0025] Suitable rubber materials for forming the insulating unit 20 include, for example, silicone rubber or ethylene propylene rubber (EP rubber). When the insulating unit 20 is formed by molding, the internal electrode 22, stress cone portion 23, and external shielding layer 24 are preferably formed from the same material, such as semiconductive silicone rubber or semiconductive ethylene propylene rubber (semiconductive EP rubber). The rubber insulating portion 21 is also preferably formed from the same type of non-conductive insulating material.

[0026] Although both the internal electrode 22 and the stress cone portion 23 are conductive, they do not have to be made entirely of semiconductive rubber as long as at least the surface is conductive. For example, they may be made of insulating rubber and only the surface may be coated with a conductive paint such as semiconductive paint. Furthermore, although the external shielding layer 24 is conductive, it may be formed by coating a conductive paint such as semiconductive paint instead of semiconductive rubber.

[0027] The insulation unit 20 has an overall cylindrical shape. The inner diameter D1 of the cable insertion hole 25 is typically constant along the axial direction and is set to be slightly smaller than the outer diameter d1 of the cable insulators 112 of the power cables 11A and 11B. The cable terminal 10 is attached to the cable insertion hole 25 of the insulation unit 20.

[0028] The elastic force of the insulating unit 20 (mainly the rubber insulating portion 21) due to the difference in diameter between the inner diameter D1 of the insulating unit 20 and the outer diameter d1 of the cable insulator 112 and the outer diameter d2 of the intermediate sleeve 42 causes the insulating unit 20 and the cable terminal portion 10 to adhere closely to each other, and the cable terminal portion 10 is gripped by the insulating unit 20. As shown in FIG. 4, when the outer diameter d2 of the fixed diameter portion 421 of the intermediate sleeve 42 is larger than the outer diameter d1 of the cable insulator 112, the surface pressure generated at the interface between the insulating unit 20 and the conductor connection portion 12 (intermediate sleeve 42) is greater than the surface pressure generated at the interface between the insulating unit 20 and the cable insulator 112.

[0029] When the cable terminal 10 is attached to the insulation unit 20, an insulating interface is formed between the cable insulator 112 and the rubber insulating portion 21. In addition, the electric field at the insulating interface is alleviated by the internal electrode 22 electrically connected to the conductor connection portion 12 and the stress cone portion 23 electrically connected to the cable external semiconductive layer 113.

[0030] In this embodiment, a restraining member 43 is disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the insulation unit 20. The restraining member 43 restricts changes in the outer diameter of the insulation unit 20. In other words, the outer diameter of the portion of the insulation unit 20 where the restraining member 43 is disposed is kept constant even when an external force is applied.

[0031] The restraining member 43 is arranged so that the portion of the outer circumferential surface of the insulating unit 20 that corresponds to the expanded diameter portion 422 of the intermediate sleeve 42 (the portion that is located at the same axial position as the expanded diameter portion 422) is included in the restraining region. In this embodiment, as shown in Fig. 5, the restraining members 43 are arranged at two locations that correspond to the expanded diameter portion 422 of the intermediate sleeve 42.

[0032] For example, a metal (e.g., stainless steel) cable tie with an adjustable outer diameter can be used as restraint member 43. Alternatively, restraint member 43 may be made of adhesive glass tape that does not stretch in the longitudinal direction. Furthermore, to prevent the outer peripheral surface of insulation unit 20 from being damaged when restraint member 43 is attached, a flexible plastic sheet or rubber sheet may be interposed between restraint member 43 and insulation unit 20.

[0033] As described above, axial movement of the cable core due to the axial force generated in the cable terminal 10 is restricted by the intersection of the insulation unit 20 and the expanded diameter portion 422 of the intermediate sleeve 42. However, if the axial force is large, a radially outward force from the expanded diameter portion 422, that is, a force that tries to expand the insulation unit 20 in the radial direction, may be applied to the insulation unit 20, causing the cable core to move while deforming the insulation unit 20. In particular, in a structure such as a CAZV cable in which the cable core is housed in a corrugated aluminum sheath (aluminum corrugation) and is prone to axial movement, the force applied to the insulation unit 20 also becomes large.

[0034] In this embodiment, the restraining member 43 is disposed in correspondence with the position of the expanded diameter portion 422 of the intermediate sleeve 42, so that even if a force that tries to expand the diameter is applied to the insulating unit 20 in the radial direction, the outer diameter of the insulating unit 20 is kept constant and is absorbed by the contraction of the rubber. Therefore, movement of the cable core due to axial force can be more effectively restricted.

[0035] The cable connection portion 1 is assembled, for example, by a diameter expansion method. In the diameter expansion method assembly process, the cable insertion hole 25 of the insulation unit 20 is previously held in a diameter-expanded state by a diameter-expanding member such as a spiral core (not shown). The insulation unit 20 is inserted into one power cable 11A, and in this state, the cable conductors 111, 111 of the power cables 11A, 11B are connected to the conductor connection tube 41. An intermediate sleeve 42 is attached to the outer peripheral surfaces of the conductor connection tube 41 and the cable conductor 111. Thereafter, the insulation unit 20 is moved to a position where the conductor connection portion 12 (intermediate sleeve 42) and the internal electrode 22 are electrically connected, and the diameter-expanding member is removed to reduce the diameter of the insulation unit 20. In this manner, the insulation unit 20 is attached to the cable terminal portion 10.

[0036] A protective case 31 is disposed on the outside of the cable terminal portion 10 and the insulating unit 20. The protective case 31 is fixed to the cable sheath 114 of the power cables 11A, 11B, for example, by forming an anticorrosion layer 32 by wrapping tape around the end portion. Furthermore, a waterproof mixture (for example, a waterproof compound such as urethane) is filled between the insulating unit 20 and the protective case 31. The cable connection portion 1 is waterproofed by the protective case 31 and the waterproof mixture.

[0037] [Variations] The intermediate sleeve 42 is not limited to the above structure as long as it has at least a central constant diameter portion 421 and an expanded diameter portion 422 connected to the constant diameter portion 421. For example, the intermediate sleeve 42 may have a reduced diameter portion or a constant diameter portion other than the center, in addition to the central constant diameter portion 421 and the expanded diameter portion 422. Modified examples of the intermediate sleeve 42 are shown in Figs. 6 to 8.

[0038] 6, an expanded diameter portion 422 and an end constant diameter portion 423 are provided in this order on both sides of a central constant diameter portion 421. The outer diameter of the end constant diameter portion 423 is the same as the outer diameter of the cable insulator 112.

[0039] 7, an intermediate sleeve 42B includes a central constant diameter portion 421, on both sides of which an expanded diameter portion 422 and a reduced diameter portion 424 whose outer diameter decreases toward the longitudinal center are sequentially arranged. In the intermediate sleeve 42B, the outer diameter of the constant diameter portion 421 (= the maximum outer diameter of the expanded diameter portion 422) and the maximum outer diameter of the reduced diameter portion 424 are the same as the outer diameter of the cable insulator 112. Furthermore, the minimum outer diameter of the expanded diameter portion 422 (= the minimum outer diameter of the reduced diameter portion 424) is smaller than the outer diameter of the cable insulator 112. When the reduced diameter portion 424 is provided, the outer diameter of the central constant diameter portion 421 can be made to match the outer diameter of the cable insulator 112, resulting in an electrically advantageous structure.

[0040] 7, intermediate sleeve 42C shown in Fig. 8 has expanded diameter portion 422 and reduced diameter portion 424 connected in sequence to both sides of central constant diameter portion 421, and further has constant diameter portion 425, expanded diameter portion 426, and reduced diameter portion 427 connected in sequence. When the separation distance between adjacent expanded diameter portions 422, 426 is small as in intermediate sleeve 42C, restraining member 43 may be disposed across multiple expanded diameter portions.

[0041] As described above, the surface pressure measuring method according to the first embodiment has the following features either alone or in appropriate combination.

[0042] That is, the cable connection portion 1 according to the embodiment includes a conductor connecting tube 41 that connects the cable conductors 111 of two power cables 11A and 11B, a conductive intermediate sleeve 42 that is arranged in close contact with the outer circumferential surface of the conductor connecting tube 41, an insulation unit 20 (rubber block insulator) that is arranged in close contact with the outer circumferential surface of the intermediate sleeve 42, and a restraining member 43 that is arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the insulation unit 20 and restricts changes in the outer diameter of the insulation unit 20. The intermediate sleeve 42 has a constant diameter portion 421 that is located at the center in the axial direction and has a constant outer diameter, and expanded diameter portions 422 that are connected to both sides of the constant diameter portion 421 and have an outer diameter that increases toward the constant diameter portion 421. The restraining member 42 is arranged so that at least a portion of the outer circumferential surface of the insulation unit 20 that corresponds to the expanded diameter portion 422 is included in the restraining region.

[0043] According to the cable connection part 1, the insulating unit 20 and the expanded diameter portion 422 of the intermediate sleeve 42 intersect in the axial direction, thereby restricting axial movement of the cable core. Furthermore, the restraining member 42 is disposed in correspondence with the position of the expanded diameter portion 422 of the intermediate sleeve 42, and even if a force tending to expand the insulating unit 20 in the radial direction is applied, the outer diameter of the insulating unit 20 is kept constant, thereby more effectively restricting movement of the cable core due to axial force. Therefore, the cable connection part 1 using a rubber block insulator can increase the cable retention force against axial force and achieve excellent long-term stability.

[0044] This makes it possible to provide cable connections that are stable over the long term. This will contribute to achieving Goal 7 of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), "Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all" and Goal 9, "Build resilient infrastructure, promote inclusive and sustainable industrialization and foster innovation," which are international goals aimed at achieving a sustainable and better world by 2030 as outlined in the "2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development" adopted at the United Nations Summit in September 2015.

[0045] In the cable connection part 1, the intermediate sleeve 42 is a rigid body that does not deform due to the elastic force of the insulating unit 20 (rubber block insulator). Because the intermediate sleeve 42 does not deform even when subjected to an axial force, it can more effectively restrict axial movement of the cable core due to the axial force.

[0046] In the cable connection unit 1, the intermediate sleeve 42 is made of a metal material. This allows heat generated in the cable conductor 111 during operation of the cable connection unit 1 to be dissipated to the insulating unit 20 side via the conductor connection pipe 41 and the intermediate sleeve 42.

[0047] In the cable connection part 1, the intermediate sleeve 42 has a split structure that is split along the axial direction, which makes it possible to easily attach the intermediate sleeve 42 after the cable conductor 111 is compression-connected to the conductor connection tube 41.

[0048] In the cable connection portion 1, the intermediate sleeve 42 has a reduced diameter portion 424 that is connected to the expanded diameter portion 422 and whose outer diameter decreases toward the expanded diameter portion 422. This allows the outer diameter of the central constant diameter portion 421 to match the outer diameter of the cable insulator 112, which is advantageous in terms of the electric field.

[0049] The invention made by the inventor has been specifically described above based on an embodiment, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment and can be modified within the scope of the gist thereof.

[0050] In the embodiment, the inner diameter of the cable insertion hole 25 of the insulation unit 20 is constant along the axial direction, but the inner shape of the cable insertion hole 25 may be formed to fit the outer shape of the intermediate sleeve 42. For example, if the outer diameter of the intermediate sleeve 42 is larger than the outer diameter of the cable insulator 112 (see FIGS. 5 and 6), a recess 25a recessed radially outward may be provided in a portion of the cable insertion hole 25 corresponding to the conductor connection portion 12 (in FIG. 9, components connected inside the insulation unit 20 are not shown). That is, in this case, the inner diameter of the central portion (recess 25a) of the internal electrode 22 of the rubber block insulator that is the insulation unit 20 is larger than the inner diameter of other portions of the insulation unit 20. Furthermore, for example, when the outer diameter of the intermediate sleeve 42 is smaller than the outer diameter of the cable insulator 112 (specifically, when the outer diameter of the fixed portion 421 and the maximum outer diameter of the enlarged diameter portions 422 at both ends are both smaller than the outer diameter of the cable insulator 112 in the above-described embodiment), a convex portion 25b that protrudes inward may be provided in the portion of the cable insertion hole 25 corresponding to the conductor connection portion 12, as shown in Fig. 10. That is, in this case, the inner diameter of the central portion (convex portion 25b) of the internal electrode 22 of the rubber block insulator that is the insulation unit 20 is smaller than the inner diameter of the other portions of the insulation unit 20. [Explanation of symbols]

[0051] 1 Cable connection 10 Cable terminal 11A, 11B power cables 12 Conductor connection 20 Insulation unit (rubber block insulator) 41 Conductor connecting tube 42 Intermediate sleeve 43 Restraining member 111 Cable conductor 112 Cable insulator

Claims

1. a conductor connection pipe for connecting the cable conductors of the two power cables together; a conductive intermediate sleeve disposed in close contact with an outer peripheral surface of the conductor connection tube; a rubber block insulator disposed in close contact with the outer peripheral surface of the intermediate sleeve; a restraining member disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the rubber block insulator and restricting a change in the outer diameter of the rubber block insulator, the intermediate sleeve has a constant diameter portion located at the center in the axial direction and having a constant outer diameter, and expanded diameter portions provided on both sides of the constant diameter portion and having an outer diameter that increases toward the constant diameter portion, The restraining member is disposed so that at least a portion of the outer peripheral surface of the rubber block insulator that corresponds to the enlarged diameter portion is included in a restraining region. Cable connection part.

2. The intermediate sleeve is a rigid body that does not deform due to the elastic force of the rubber block insulator. The cable connection according to claim 1 .

3. The intermediate sleeve is made of a metal material. The cable connection according to claim 2 .

4. The intermediate sleeve has a half-split structure divided along the axial direction. The cable connection according to claim 2 or 3.

5. the intermediate sleeve has a reduced diameter portion connected to the expanded diameter portion and having an outer diameter that decreases toward the expanded diameter portion; The cable connection according to claim 1 or 2.

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