Terminal, radio communication method, and base station

Abstract

To apply an appropriate DMRS.SOLUTION: A terminal according to an aspect of the present disclosure has: a receiving section that receives settings of a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) and receives downlink control information (DCI) scheduling a shared channel; and a control section that determines if an additional DMRS based on the settings is applied on the basis of the settings and a field value of an antenna port field in the DCI.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 12

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a terminal, a wireless communication method, and a base station in a next-generation mobile communication system. [Background technology]

[0002] In Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) networks, Long Term Evolution (LTE) has been specified with the aim of achieving higher data rates and lower latency (Non-Patent Document 1). Also, LTE-Advanced (3GPP Rel. 10-14) has been specified with the aim of achieving higher capacity and more advanced features than LTE (Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP (registered trademark)) Release (Rel.) 8, 9).

[0003] Successor systems to LTE (e.g., 5th generation mobile communication system (5G), 5G+ (plus), 6th generation mobile communication system (6G), New Radio (NR), 3GPP Rel. 15 or later) are also being considered. [Prior art documents] [Non-patent literature]

[0004] [Non-Patent Document 1] 3GPP TS 36.300 V8.12.0 “Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) and Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN); Overall description; Stage 2 (Release 8)”, April 2010 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] For orthogonalization of layers, a multi-port reference signal (for example, a demodulation reference signal (DMRS)) is used.

[0006] In future wireless communication systems, it is being considered to increase the number of DMRS ports beyond the current specifications. However, the configuration and application of DMRS in this case has not been fully considered. If DMRS is not configured and applied appropriately, there is a risk that communication throughput and communication quality will deteriorate.

[0007] Therefore, one object of the present disclosure is to provide a terminal, a wireless communication method, and a base station that apply an appropriate DMRS. [Means for solving the problem]

[0008] A terminal according to one embodiment of the present disclosure includes a receiving unit that receives a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) configuration and receives downlink control information (DCI) that schedules a shared channel, and a control unit that determines whether an additional DMRS based on the configuration is to be applied based on the configuration and a field value of an antenna port field in the DCI. [Effects of the Invention]

[0009] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, an appropriate DMRS can be applied. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0010] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 shows an example of a preceding DMRS and an additional DMRS. [Figure 2] 2A and 2B show an example of a DMRS to DMRS mapping type. [Figure 3] 3A and 3B show an example of a single-symbol DMRS. [Figure 4]4A and 4B show an example of a double-symbol DMRS. [Figure 5] FIG. 5 shows an example of parameters for PDSCH DMRS configuration type 1. [Figure 6] FIG. 6 shows an example of parameters for PDSCH DMRS configuration type 2. [Figure 7] FIG. 7 shows an example of parameters for PUSCH DMRS configuration type 1. [Figure 8] FIG. 8 shows an example of parameters for PUSCH DMRS configuration type 2. [Figure 9] FIG. 9 shows an example of the DMRS location table. [Figure 10] FIG. 10 shows a first portion of an example of an antenna port table A-2. [Figure 11] FIG. 11 shows a second portion of an example of antenna port table A-2. [Figure 12] FIG. 12 shows a first portion of an example of an antenna port table A-2A. [Figure 13] 13A and 13B show an example of DMRS placement in the case of DMRS Extension Type 1, dmrs-AdditionalPosition=1, and maxLength=1 according to the first embodiment. [Figure 14] 14A and 14B show an example of DMRS placement when DMRS Type 1, dmrs-AdditionalPosition=1, and maxLength=2 according to the first embodiment. [Figure 15] 15A and 15B show an example of DMRS arrangement in the case of DMRS extension type 1, dmrs-AdditionalPosition=1, and maxLength=1 according to the second embodiment. [Figure 16] FIG. 16 shows a first portion of an example of an antenna port table A-7. [Figure 17] FIG. 17 shows a second portion of an example of an antenna port table A-7. [Figure 18]FIG. 18 shows a first portion of an example of an antenna port table A-7A. [Figure 19] FIG. 19 is a diagram illustrating an example of a schematic configuration of a wireless communication system according to an embodiment. [Figure 20] FIG. 20 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of a base station according to an embodiment. [Figure 21] FIG. 21 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of a user terminal according to an embodiment. [Figure 22] FIG. 22 is a diagram illustrating an example of the hardware configuration of a base station and a user terminal according to an embodiment. [Figure 23] FIG. 23 is a diagram illustrating an example of a vehicle according to an embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0011] (DMRS) The front-loaded Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS) is the first (first symbol or symbol close to the first) DMRS for faster demodulation (Fig. 1). For high-speed mobile terminals (user terminals, User Equipment (UE)) or high modulation and coding schemes (MCS) / ranks, {0, 1, 2, 3} additional DMRSs can be configured by RRC. The frequency locations of the additional DMRSs are the same as those of the front-loaded DMRSs.

[0012] For the time domain, DMRS mapping type A or B is configured. In DMRS Mapping Type A, DMRS position l_0 is counted by the symbol index within the slot (Fig. 2A). l_0 is configured by the parameter (dmrs-TypeA-Position) in the MIB or the common serving cell configuration (ServingCellConfigCommon). DMRS position 0 (reference point l) refers to the first symbol of the slot or each frequency hop. In DMRS mapping type B, DMRS position l_0 is counted by the symbol index within the PDSCH / PUSCH (Fig. 2B). l_0 is always 0. DMRS position 0 (reference point l) refers to the first symbol of the PDSCH / PUSCH or each frequency hop.

[0013] The DMRS position is defined by a table in the specification and depends on the duration l_d of the PDSCH / PUSCH. The position of the additional DMRS is fixed. ◆ In DMRS mapping type A, the duration l_d of the PDSCH / PUSCH is from the first symbol of the slot to the last symbol of the scheduled PDSCH / PUSCH. ◆ In DMRS mapping type B, the duration l_d of the PDSCH / PUSCH is from the first symbol of the scheduled PDSCH / PUSCH to the last symbol of the scheduled PDSCH / PUSCH.

[0014] For the frequency domain, (PDSCH / PUSCH) DMRS configuration type 1 or 2 is configured. DMRS configuration type 1 has a comb structure and is applicable to both CP-OFDM (transport precoding disabled) and DFT-S-OFDM (transport precoding enabled). The smallest RE (subcarrier) group in the frequency domain is one RE. Figure 3A shows an example of DMRS configuration type 1 for single-symbol DMRS. ◆DMRS configuration type 2 is applicable to CP-OFDM only. The smallest RE group in the frequency domain is two consecutive REs. Figure 3B shows an example of DMRS configuration type 2 for single-symbol DMRS.

[0015] A single symbol DMRS or a double symbol DMRS is configured. ◆Single-symbol DMRS is normally used (it is a mandatory feature in Rel. 15). In single-symbol DMRS, the number of additional DMRS (symbols) is {0, 1, 2, 3}. Single-symbol DMRS is supported both when frequency hopping is enabled and when it is disabled. If the maximum number (maxLength) in the uplink DMRS configuration (DMRS-UplinkConfig) is not configured, single-symbol DMRS is used. In DMRS configuration type 1, DMRS is allocated to one RE out of every two consecutive REs in the frequency domain. In DMRS configuration type 2, DMRS is allocated to two consecutive REs out of every six consecutive REs in the frequency domain. ◆Double-symbol DMRS is used for more DMRS ports (especially Multi-User Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MU-MIMO)). In double-symbol DMRS, the number of additional DMRS (symbols) is {0, 1}. Double-symbol DMRS is supported when frequency hopping is disabled. If the maximum number (maxLength) in the uplink DMRS configuration (DMRS-UplinkConfig) is 2 (len2), whether it is single-symbol DMRS or double-symbol DMRS is determined by DCI or configured grant. DMRS is allocated to one RE every two consecutive REs in the frequency domain. Figure 4A shows an example of DMRS configuration type 1 for double-symbol DMRS. In DMRS configuration type 2, DMRS is allocated to two consecutive REs every six consecutive REs in the frequency domain. Figure 4B shows an example of DMRS configuration type 2 for double-symbol DMRS.

[0016] For an additional DMRS (in the time domain), the additional DMRS position is set by the upper layer parameter dmrs-AdditionalPosition. For example, in the case of single-symbol DMRS, DMRS mapping type A, and dmrs-AdditionalPosition=pos0, the DMRS position is l_0. For example, in the case of single-symbol DMRS, DMRS mapping type A, dmrs-AdditionalPosition=pos1, and l_d=10, the DMRS position is l_0,9. For example, in the case of single-symbol DMRS, DMRS mapping type A, dmrs-AdditionalPosition=pos3, and l_d=12, the DMRS position is l_0,5,8,11. For example, in the case of single-symbol DMRS, DMRS mapping type B, and dmrs-AdditionalPosition=pos0, the DMRS position is l_0. For example, in the case of single-symbol DMRS, DMRS mapping type B, dmrs-AdditionalPosition=pos3, and l_d=7, the DMRS position is l_0,4. For example, in the case of double-symbol DMRS, DMRS mapping type A, and dmrs-AdditionalPosition=pos0, the DMRS position is l_0. For example, in the case of double-symbol DMRS, DMRS mapping type A, dmrs-AdditionalPosition=pos1, and l_d=10, the DMRS position is l_0,8. For example, in the case of double-symbol DMRS, DMRS mapping type B, and dmrs-AdditionalPosition=pos0, the DMRS position is l_0. For example, in the case of double-symbol DMRS, DMRS mapping type B, dmrs-AdditionalPosition=pos1, and l_d=10, the DMRS position is l_0,7.

[0017] Multiple DMRS ports that are mapped to the same resource element (RE, time and frequency resource) are called a DMRS Code Division Multiplexing (CDM) group.

[0018] In contrast to the basic DMRS in Rel. 15, an extended DMRS is introduced in Rel. 18. The extended DMRS is configured by the upper layer parameter dmrs-TypeEnh.

[0019] There are several parameters for the DMRS port: ◆OCC type: Walsh matrix is ​​used for OCC for PDSCH. Cyclic shift is used for OCC for PUSCH. ◆FD-OCC: W_f(0) to W_f(1) are used as two FD-OCCs for the basic DMRS. W_f(0) to W_f(3) are used as four FD-OCCs for the extended DMRS. ◆TD-OCC: W_t(0) to W_t(1) are used as two TD-OCCs for double-symbol DMRS.

[0020] Each table of parameters for DMRS is for PDSCH DMRS port p or PUSCH DMRS port p ~ , CDM group λ, Δ with respect to frequency offset, FD-OCC W f (k'), TD-OCC W t (l'), including Table D1-1 shown in Figure 5 shows an example of parameters for PDSCH DMRS configuration type 1. Basic type 1 single-symbol DMRS uses ports 1000 to 1003. Basic type 1 double-symbol DMRS uses ports 1000 to 1007. Extended type 1 single-symbol DMRS uses ports 1000 to 1003 and 1008 to 1011. Extended type 1 double-symbol DMRS uses ports 1000 to 1015. Table D1-2 shown in FIG. 6 illustrates an example of parameters for PDSCH DMRS configuration type 2. Table U1-1 shown in FIG. 7 illustrates an example of parameters for PUSCH DMRS configuration type 1. Table U1-2 shown in FIG. 8 illustrates an example of parameters for PUSCH DMRS configuration type 2.

[0021] There are several possible settings for DMRS: ◆ Setting 1: Basic DMRS, setting type 1, single symbol DMRS With two CDM groups of FDM and two FD-OCC (length 2), up to four DMRS ports are available. ◆ Setting 2: Basic DMRS, Setting Type 1, Double Symbol DMRS With two CDM groups of FDM, two FD-OCCs (length 2), and two TD-OCCs (length 2), up to eight DMRS ports are available. ◆ Setting 3: Basic DMRS, setting type 2, single symbol DMRS With three CDM groups of FDM and two FD-OCCs (length 2), up to six DMRS ports are available. ◆ Setting 4: Basic DMRS, Setting Type 2, Double Symbol DMRS With three CDM groups of FDM, two FD-OCCs (length 2), and two TD-OCCs (length 2), up to 12 DMRS ports are available. ◆ Setting 5: Extended DMRS, setting type 1, single symbol DMRS With two CDM groups of FDM and four FD-OCCs (length 4), up to eight DMRS ports are available. ◆ Setting 6: Extended DMRS, setting type 1, double symbol DMRS With two CDM groups of FDM, four FD-OCCs (length 4), and two TD-OCCs (length 2), up to 16 DMRS ports are available. ◆ Setting 7: Extended DMRS, setting type 2, single symbol DMRS With three CDM groups of FDM and four FD-OCCs (length 4), up to 12 DMRS ports are available. ◆ Setting 8: Extended DMRS, setting type 2, double symbol DMRS With three CDM groups of FDM, four FD-OCCs (length 4), and two TD-OCCs (length 2), up to 24 DMRS ports are available.

[0022] In the present disclosure, legacy DMRS, legacy DMRS function, legacy DMRS type, legacy DMRS configuration type, dmrs-Type, DMRS configuration type 1 / 2, DMRS with FD-OCC of length 2, and Rel. 15 DMRS type may be interchangeable. In the present disclosure, legacy DMRS configuration type is configured, legacy DMRS configuration type 1 or 2 is configured, and extended DMRS type is not configured may be interchangeable. In the present disclosure, DMRS configuration type 1, DMRS type 1, DMRS type = 1, DMRS Type 1, and dmrs-Type set to type 2 are not configured may be interchangeable. In the present disclosure, DMRS configuration type 2, DMRS type 2, DMRS type = 2, DMRS Type 2, and dmrs-Type set to type 2 are configured may be interchangeable.

[0023] In the present disclosure, the terms "extended DMRS," "extended DMRS capability," "extended DMRS type," "extended DMRS configuration type," "configuration / upper layer parameters for extended DMRS type," "extended DMRS type," "enhanced-dmrs-Type_r18," "dmrs-TypeEnh," "extended DMRS configuration type 1 / 2," "DMRS with FD-OCC of length 4," and "Rel. 18 DMRS type" may be interchangeable. In the present disclosure, the terms "extended DMRS configuration type is configured," "enhanced-dmrs-Type_r18 is configured," "extended DMRS configuration type 1 or 2 is configured," and "extended DMRS type is configured" may be interchangeable. In the present disclosure, the terms "extended DMRS configuration type 1," "DMRS extension type 1," "DMRS extension type=1," "DMRS eType 1," "extended DMRS type is configured and dmrs-Type set to type 2 is not configured" may be interchangeable. In the present disclosure, extended DMRS configuration type 2, DMRS extension type 2, DMRS extension type=2, DMRS eType 2, and an extended DMRS type being configured and a dmrs-Type set to type 2 being configured may be read interchangeably.

[0024] In this disclosure, the DMRS maximum length, maxLength, and the maximum number of OFDM symbols of a front-loaded DMRS may be interchangeable. In this disclosure, the maxLength values ​​{'len1', 'len2'} and maxLength={1, 2} [symbols] may be interchangeable.

[0025] In this disclosure, FD-OCC, w f (k') may be read interchangeably. t (l'), TD-OCC of length 2, may be read interchangeably.

[0026] In this disclosure, the terms existing OCC, existing FD-OCC, FD-OCC of length 2, and Rel. 15 FD-OCC may be interchangeable. In this disclosure, the terms new OCC, new FD-OCC, FD-OCC longer than 2, Rel. 18 FD-OCC, and w f (k'), FD-OCC of length 4, may be read interchangeably.

[0027] In the present disclosure, the terms "legacy DMRS port," "Rel. 15 DMRS port," "DMRS port to which the legacy FD-OCC is applied," "DMRS port within the port number range of the legacy DMRS," "legacy DMRS port," and "legacy DMRS" may be interchangeable. In the present disclosure, the terms "new DMRS port," "Rel. 18 DMRS port," "DMRS port to which the new FD-OCC is applied," "DMRS port outside the port number range of the legacy DMRS," "extended DMRS port," and "extended DMRS" may be interchangeable.

[0028] (DMRS time domain resource) In the existing specifications, the DMRS configuration in the time domain is represented by the parameter l (symbol index). The mapping of the DMRS in the frequency domain and the time domain is calculated by the following equation: ◆ If the upper layer parameter dmrs-TypeEnh is set (extended DMRS), α ~ k,l (p_j,μ) =w f (k')w t (l')r(4n+k') k=8n+2k'+Δ(setting type 1) k=12n+k'+Δ(setting type 2, k'=0,1) k=12n+k'+Δ+4 (setting type 2, k'=2,3) k'=0,1,2,3 l'=l - +l' n=0,1,… j=0,1,…,v-1 ◆ Otherwise (basic DMRS), α~ k,l (p_j,μ) =w f (k')w t (l')r(2n+k') k=4n+2k'+Δ(setting type 1) k=6n+k'+Δ(setting type 2) k'=0,1,2,3 l'=l - +l' n=0,1,… j=0,1,…,v-1 l - represents the position of the DMRS in the time domain. For single-symbol DMRS, l'=0. For double-symbol DMRS, l'=0,1.

[0029] The reference point for l and the position l0 of the first DMRS symbol depend on the mapping type. In PDSCH mapping type A, l and l0 are as follows: -◆l is defined relative to the start of the slot. -◆If the upper layer parameter dmrs=TypeA-Position is equal to 'pos3', then l0=3. Otherwise, l0=2. In PDSCH mapping type B, l and l0 are as follows: -◆l is defined relative to the start of the scheduled PDSCH resource. ―◆l0=0.

[0030] The position of the DMRS symbol is l - and duration l d where l d follows: ◆In PDSCH mapping type A, d is the duration between the first OFDM symbol of the slot and the last OFDM symbol of the scheduled PDSCH resource within that slot. ◆In PDSCH mapping type B, l dis the duration of the scheduled PDSCH resource.

[0031] As shown in Figure 9, a table (DMRS position table) D2-1 for the PDSCH DMRS position in single symbol DMRS is defined. The DMRS position table includes the PDSCH mapping type, the additional DMRS position setting (dmrs-AdditionalPosition), and the d The UE uses the DMRS position table to associate the PDSCH mapping type, the additional DMRS position setting (dmrs-AdditionalPosition), and the d Similarly, for double symbol DMRS / PUSCH DMRS, the mapping type, dmrs-AdditionalPosition, and l are used to determine the number and positions of DMRS symbols corresponding to the DMRS / PUSCH DMRS. d A DMRS location table is defined that associates a DMRS symbol location with one or more DMRS symbol locations.

[0032] In the present disclosure, the values ​​of dmrs-AdditionalPosition {'pos0', 'pos1', 'pos2', 'pos3'} and dmrs-AdditionalPosition={0, 1, 2, 3} may be read as interchangeable.

[0033] (Rel.15 DMRS) The Rel. 15 specification supports various DMRS configurations for PDSCH based on application scenarios, such as different DMRS types depending on fast / slow selective fading in the frequency domain, various additional DMRS positions (dmrs-AdditionalPosition) depending on fast / slow selective fading in the time domain, and single / double symbol indication depending on the transmission layer, possibly taking into account low / high SNR regions. The DMRS downlink configuration (RRC IE DMRS-DownlinkConfig) includes the DMRS type (dmrs-type), dmrs-AdditionalPosition, and maximum length (maxLength) and is used to configure the PDSCH DMRS. This means semi-static configuration. The antenna port field in DCI format 1_1 is used to dynamically indicate the DMRS port to be used, and can indicate single or double DMRS symbols when maxLength is set to 2. Based on actual field data, we can see that the parameter dmrs-AdditionalPosition is usually set as 'pos1' by RRC signaling in a typical scenario, while the first OFDM symbol per slot is reserved for PDCCH candidate transmission and the remaining 13 symbols are allocated for PDSCH transmission with slot offset k0=0.

[0034] (Massive MIMO) In massive MIMO deployments, for example, 64T64R antennas are typical in TDD networks. Furthermore, operators are pursuing 128T128R for higher performance. Meanwhile, larger device form factors, such as foldable smartphones, are becoming more prevalent, offering more space for antennas beyond 6Rx / 8Rx. The more antenna ports in the gNB and the more Rx antennas in the UE, the higher the PDSCH rank (the more PDSCH layers). We evaluated the rank distribution under various scenarios for the gNB, where single-user (SU)-MIMO with eigenvector-based precoding is implemented. Simulation results show that the probability of a rank greater than 4 increases significantly.

[0035] (Issues) To ensure the performance of channel estimation in practical networks, additional DMRSs must be configured to support various scenarios. For example, channel measurements on two separate DMRS symbols can be combined to suppress noise in lower SNR regions or interpolated to accommodate high Doppler frequencies. However, additional DMRS locations in the time domain increase RS overhead, especially in high rank cases. For example, DMRS Type 1 overhead doubles for ranks greater than 4, and DMRS Type 2 overhead doubles for ranks greater than 6.

[0036] It is known that PDSCH transmissions using higher ranks (e.g., ranks > 4) occur in scenarios with lower speeds and higher SNRs. Additional DMRS positions are not always necessary; that is, front-loaded DMRS alone is sufficient for efficient channel estimation in some cases. To account for the impact of DMRS overhead on throughput, we assume that the first OFDM symbol is reserved for PDCCH transmission and the remaining 13 OFDM symbols are used for PDSCH transmission. To calculate the throughput improvement, we consider PDSCH transmissions using rank 4 for DMRS type 1 and rank 6 for DMRS type 2 as baselines, while additional DMRS is assumed to be configured.

[0037] Regarding the impact of DMRS overhead on throughput, when the additional DMRS is semi-statically configured by higher layers and rank adaptation is dynamically indicated by the DCI format, if the indicated rank is greater than 4 for DMRS type 1 and greater than 6 for DMRS type 2, the PDSCH throughput will be significantly reduced compared to the case without the additional DMRS.

[0038] Therefore, the present inventors have studied methods for improving DMRS overhead and conceived the following embodiments.

[0039] Hereinafter, embodiments according to the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. Wireless communication methods according to the embodiments may be applied independently or in combination.

[0040] (Various reading changes) In this disclosure, words enclosed in "()" in a sentence may indicate an explanation of the immediately preceding wording (for example, an explanation of spelling), a paraphrase, a specific example, a supplementary explanation, etc. Also, in this disclosure, words enclosed in "[ ]" in a sentence may be interpreted including the meaning of the entire sentence, or may be interpreted excluding the meaning of the entire sentence (ignoring the meaning of the entire sentence). Note that "()" and "[ ]" may also be used for purposes / meanings other than those mentioned above.

[0041] In the present disclosure, "A / B" and "at least one of A and B" may be interpreted interchangeably. Also, in the present disclosure, "A / B / C" may mean "at least one of A, B, and C."

[0042] In the present disclosure, terms such as notify, activate, deactivate, indicate (or indicate), select, configure, update, and determine may be interchangeable. In the present disclosure, terms such as support, control, controllable, operate, and operate may be interchangeable.

[0043] In the present disclosure, Radio Resource Control (RRC), RRC parameters, RRC messages, higher layer parameters, fields, information elements (IEs), settings, etc. may be interchangeable. In the present disclosure, Medium Access Control (MAC) control elements (CEs), update commands, activation / deactivation commands, etc. may be interchangeable.

[0044] In the present disclosure, the higher layer signaling may be, for example, any one of Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, Medium Access Control (MAC) signaling, broadcast information, other messages (e.g., messages from the core network such as positioning protocol (e.g., NR Positioning Protocol A (NRPPa) / LTE Positioning Protocol (LPP)) messages), or a combination thereof.

[0045] In the present disclosure, MAC signaling may use, for example, a MAC Control Element (MAC CE), a MAC Protocol Data Unit (PDU), etc. Broadcast information may be, for example, a Master Information Block (MIB), a System Information Block (SIB), Remaining Minimum System Information (RMSI), Other System Information (OSI), etc.

[0046] In the present disclosure, physical layer signaling may be, for example, Downlink Control Information (DCI), Uplink Control Information (UCI), and the like.

[0047] In the present disclosure, ceil(x), ceiling function, and ceiling function may be interchangeable. In the present disclosure, floor(x), floor function, and floor function may be interchangeable. In the present disclosure, sqrt(x), square root of x, and root x may be interchangeable. In the present disclosure, x mod y, mod(x,y), mod function, and modulo operation may be interchangeable. In the present disclosure, Σ i=MM+N-1 f(i),Σ i=M M+N-1 f i , f(i) or f for i=M, M+1,..., M+N-1 i summation of f(M)+f(M+1)+...+f(M+N-1), f M +f M+1 +...+f M+N-1 , may be read interchangeably. C(n,k) is the number of combinations of k values ​​selected from n values ​​(combinatorial coefficient), binomial coefficients, n C k , C n k , may be read as interchangeable. In the present disclosure, x / / y and floor(x / y) may be read as interchangeable.

[0048] In this disclosure, A b , A_b, Ab, and A with b added to the bottom right may be read interchangeably. c , A^c, and the notation of A with c added to the upper right may be read interchangeably. b c , A_b^c, and the notation in which b is added to the bottom right of A and c is added to the top right of A may be read interchangeably. ~ may be expressed by adding 〜 to the x, or may be referred to as x tilde. - may be represented by placing a - on top of the x, or may be referred to as an x-bar. ^ may be represented by placing a ^ above the x, or may be called an x-hat.

[0049] In the present disclosure, FR may be, for example, at least one of FR1, FR2, FR2-1, FR2-2, FR3, sub-terahertz, and terahertz. In the present disclosure, the frequency range corresponding to FR1 may be 410-7125 MHz. In the present disclosure, FR2 may include FR2-1 and FR2-2, and the frequency range corresponding to FR2-1 may be 24250-52600 MHz, and the frequency range corresponding to FR2-1 may be 52600-71000 MHz.

[0050] The following abbreviations may be used in this disclosure: ◆FDM: frequency division multiplexing ◆TDM: time division multiplexing ◆CDM:code division multiplexing

[0051] In the present disclosure, the terms indicate, report, and select may be read interchangeably.

[0052] In the present disclosure, antenna port, DMRS port, antenna port index (number) 1000+x, and DMRS port index (number) x may be read interchangeably.

[0053] (Wireless communication method) <Embodiment 1> Reconfiguration of additional DMRS based on RRC IE is slow to keep up with dynamic rank adaptation. Higher rank PDSCH transmissions occur only at lower speed mobiles / UEs. Dynamic indication of additional DMRS can significantly improve performance.

[0054] In the multiplexing and channel coding specifications, when two codewords (CWs) are enabled, there are many reserved entries in the DMRS port indication field in the DCI. Some of the reserved entries can be diverted to indicate that no additional DMRS is present to reduce DMRS overhead. The gNB can determine whether there is additional DMRS for a higher rank depending on the scenario. This solution does not change the DCI format, does not increase the DCI payload, does not increase the complexity in the gNB and UE, and can avoid frequent RRC reconfiguration.

[0055] In the DMRS reception procedure [in the physical layer procedure for data / PDSCH-related procedure / UE procedure for PDSCH reception / UE procedure for RS reception], the following procedure 1 may be defined.

[0056] ◆Procedure 1: When receiving a PDSCH scheduled by DCI format 1_1 or 1_3 with a PDCCH having a CRC scrambled by cell (C)-RNTI, modulation and coding scheme (MCS)-C-RNTI, or configured scheduling (CS)-RNTI, or by DCI format 4_2 with a PDCCH having a CRC scrambled by group (G)-RNTI, the UE procedure may be based on at least one of the following procedures 1-x.

[0057] -◆ Step 1-1: The UE may be configured with at least one higher layer parameter, dmrs-Type and dmrs-TypeEnh. The configured DM-RS configuration type is used for receiving PDSCH as defined in the specifications.

[0058] -◆ Procedure 1-2: The UE may be configured with the maximum number of preceding DMRS symbols for PDSCH by the higher layer parameter maxLength given by DMRS-DownlinkConfig. The UE procedure may be based on at least one of the following procedures 1-2-x:

[0059] --◆Step 1-2-1: If maxLength is set to 'len1', a single-symbol DMRS can be scheduled to the UE by DCI, and the UE can configure the number of additional DMRS for PDSCH by the upper layer parameter dmrs-AdditionalPosition, which can be set to 'pos0', 'pos1', 'pos2', or 'pos3'.

[0060] --◆Step 1-2-2: If maxLength is set to 'len2', single-symbol DMRS and double-symbol DMRS can be scheduled to the UE by DCI, and the UE can configure the number of additional DMRS for PDSCH by the upper layer parameter dmrs-AdditionalPosition, which can be set to 'pos0' or 'pos1'.

[0061] --◆Step 1-2-3: Assume that the UE receives additional DMRS as specified in the specification table (antenna port table).

[0062] --◆Step 1-2-4: If dmrs-AdditionalPosition is set to 'pos1', maxLength is set to 'len2', and the UE is scheduled using 2CW and assigned an antenna port mapping with a specific value index in the antenna port table, the UE assumes that no additional DMRS is transmitted / applied. The specific value may be {5, 6, 7, or 8}. The antenna port table may be antenna port table A-2A described below.

[0063] "Assigned an antenna port mapping having a specific value index in the antenna port table" may be read as "the antenna port field indicates a specific value" or "the antenna port field value (value, field value) is a specific value."

[0064] FIG. 10 shows a first portion of an example of an existing antenna port table A-2 for indicating antenna ports (1000+DMRS ports) for the setting of dmrs-Type=1 and maxLength=2. FIG. 11 shows a second portion of an example of the antenna port table A-2. The antenna port table A-2 shows a mapping of the antenna port field value, the number of DMRS CDM groups without data, the DMRS port, and the number of preceding symbols for 1CW (CW0 is enabled and CW1 is disabled) or 2CW (CW0 is enabled and CW1 is enabled). In the antenna port table, parameters other than the antenna port field value may be at least one of the number of DMRS CDM groups without data, the DMRS port, and the number of preceding symbols. In the antenna port table, the parameter value may be at least one of the value of the number of DMRS CDM groups without data, the value of the DMRS port, and the value of the number of preceding symbols.

[0065] 12 shows a first portion of an example of antenna port table A-2A. A second portion of antenna port table A-2A may be the same as the second portion of antenna port table A-2. Compared to antenna port table A-2, antenna port table A-2A adds an entry for 2CW with antenna port field values ​​{5, 6, 7, 8}. In antenna port table A-2A, the combinations of the number of DMRS CDM groups without data, DMRS ports, and the number of preceding symbols in the entry for 2CW with antenna port field values ​​{5, 6, 7, 8} are the same as the combinations of the number of DMRS CDM groups without data, DMRS ports, and the number of preceding symbols in the entry for antenna port field values ​​{0, 1, 2, 3}.

[0066] In antenna port table A-2A, the antenna port field value for 2CW may include one or more first field values ​​and one or more second field values. For example, the one or more first field values ​​may be {1, 2, 3, 4}. For example, the one or more second field values ​​may be {5, 6, 7, 8}. If the antenna port field value is the first field value, the UE may assume that the configured additional DMRS is applied, and if the antenna port field value is the second field value, the UE may assume that the configured additional DMRS is not applied.

[0067] According to this embodiment, the DMRS overhead for ranks 5 to 8 when additional DMRS symbols are configured can be reduced.

[0068] For a Rel. 18 DMRS port (a DMRS port using a length-4 frequency domain (FD)-orthogonal cover code (OCC) that applies when dmrs-TypeEnh is configured) with DMRS extension type 1, dmrs-AdditionalPosition=1, and maxLength=1, Fig. 13A shows an example of DMRS allocation / overhead for ranks 1 to 4, and Fig. 13B shows an example of DMRS allocation / overhead for ranks 5 to 8. For a Rel. 15 DMRS port (a DMRS port using a length-2 FD-OCC that applies when dmrs-TypeEnh is not configured) with DMRS type 1, dmrs-AdditionalPosition=1, and maxLength=2, Fig. 14A shows an example of DMRS allocation / overhead for ranks 1 to 4, and Fig. 14B shows an example of DMRS allocation / overhead for ranks 5 to 8. In these examples, the leading DMRS is placed in at least one of symbols #0 to #1, and the additional DMRS is placed in at least one of symbols #9 to #10. [Rel.18] Extended Type 1 supports rank 8 with maxLength=1. [Rel.15] Type 1 supports rank 8 only with maxLength=2.

[0069] <Embodiment 2> When the UE's movement speed is high, an additional DMRS is required. In existing specifications, the additional DMRS is configured by an RRC IE, but cannot be dynamically switched, so an operation in which dmrs-AdditionalPosition=1 is set for all UEs is assumed. The range in which the specific operation in the first embodiment is applied (for example, when ranks 5 to 8 are instructed, the UE's movement speed is low and no additional DMRS is required) may be expanded.

[0070] The specific operation may be to determine whether the additional DMRS based on the DMRS configuration / DMRS location table is applied based on the DMRS configuration / DMRS location table and the antenna port field value. The specific operation may be to assume / determine that the additional DMRS based on the DMRS configuration / DMRS location table is not applied if the DMRS configuration [including at least one of the location of the DMRS and the maximum length of the DMRS] satisfies a condition, the shared channel has two codewords, and the antenna port field value is a specific value. The specific operation may be to assume / determine that the additional DMRS based on the DMRS configuration / DMRS location table is applied if the antenna port field value is a first field value, and to assume / determine that the configured additional DMRS is not applied if the antenna port field value is a second field value.

[0071] The specific action may be "if dmrs-AdditionalPosition is set to 'pos1' and the UE is scheduled using 2CW and assigned an antenna port mapping with a specific value index in the antenna port table, the UE assumes that no additional DMRS is transmitted" in step 1-2-4.

[0072] The operations of embodiment 1 may be applied in at least one of the following settings: ◆[Rel.18]DMRS Extension Type 1, maxLength=1. ◆[Rel.18]DMRS Extension Type 1, maxLength=2. ◆[Rel.18]DMRS Extension Type 2, maxLength=1. ◆[Rel.18]DMRS Extension Type 2, maxLength=2. ◆[Rel.15]DMRS type 1, maxLength=2. ◆[Rel.15]DMRS type 2, maxLength=1. ◆[Rel.15]DMRS type 2, maxLength=2.

[0073] For example, when the operation of embodiment 1 is applied to [Rel.18] DMRS Extension Type 1, dmrs-AdditionalPosition=1, and maxLength=1, the gNB uses the preceding DMRS and additional DMRS as shown in FIG. 15A by indicating ranks 1 to 4 by DCI when the UE is moving at high speed, and uses the preceding DMRS as shown in FIG. 15B by indicating ranks 5 to 8 by DCI when the UE is moving at low speed. This operation makes it possible to flexibly control DMRS overhead according to the UE's movement speed. This embodiment makes it possible to reduce DMRS overhead compared to when using the existing Rel.18 DMRS.

[0074] <<Example 1>> In step 1-2-4, "index of a specific value in antenna port table A-2" may be replaced with "antenna port table / antenna port index / antenna port field value / entry for a specific case other than the case of [Rel.15] DMRS Type 1 and maxLength = 1." In step 1-2-4, "antenna port table / antenna port index / antenna port field value / entry for a case other than the case of [Rel.15] DMRS Type 1 and maxLength = 1" may be added to "index of a specific value in antenna port table A-2."

[0075] <<Example 2>> In step 1-2-4, antenna port table A-2 may be replaced with at least one specific antenna port table from among the following several antenna port tables, or at least one specific antenna port table from among the following several antenna port tables may be added to antenna port table A-2. ◆[Rel.18] Antenna port table for DMRS extension 1 / 2. ◆[Rel.15] Antenna port table for DMRS1 / 2.

[0076] The specific antenna port table, similar to antenna port table A-2, may indicate the mapping of antenna port field values, number of DMRS CDM groups without data, DMRS ports, and number of preceding symbols for 1CW (CW0 enabled, CW1 disabled) or 2CW (CW0 enabled, CW1 enabled).

[0077] In a specific antenna port table, a reserved row (value, entry) for 2CW may be used to dynamically indicate that "no additional DMRS is transmitted / applied." The new row or rows for indicating that "no additional DMRS is transmitted / applied" may have all or a partial combination of the number of DMRS CDM groups without data, the DMRS port, and the number of preceding symbols in the existing row or rows. The antenna port field value in the new row or rows may be different from the antenna port field value in the existing row or rows.

[0078] Figure 16 shows a first portion of an example of an existing antenna port table A-7 for indicating antenna ports (1000+DMRS ports) for a setting of dmrs-Type=1, enhanced-dmrs-Type=1, and maxLength=1. Figure 17 shows a second portion of an example of antenna port table A-7. Antenna port table A-7 shows a mapping between antenna port field values, the number of DMRS CDM groups without data, and DMRS ports for 1CW (CW0 enabled and CW1 disabled) or 2CW (CW0 enabled and CW1 enabled).

[0079] FIG. 18 shows a first portion of an example of antenna port table A-7A. A second portion of antenna port table A-7A may be the same as the second portion of antenna port table A-7. Compared to antenna port table A-7, entries for 2CW with antenna port field values ​​{5, 6, 7, 8} are added to antenna port table A-7A. In antenna port table A-2A, the combinations of the number of DMRS CDM groups without data and DMRS ports in entries for 2CW with antenna port field values ​​{5, 6, 7, 8} are the same as the combinations of the number of DMRS CDM groups without data, DMRS ports, and number of preceding symbols in entries for antenna port field values ​​{0, 1, 2, 3}. In other words, in antenna port table A-7A, for 2CW, new rows (entries) include antenna port field values ​​4 through 7 and all combinations of the antenna port field values ​​in the existing rows, except for the number of DMRS CDM groups without data and DMRS ports.

[0080] <Variations> The specific operation may be applied to at least one of the following cases: dmrs-AdditionalPosition=2, dmrs-AdditionalPosition=3, and dmrs-AdditionalPosition is not set. The case where dmrs-AdditionalPosition is not set may be considered as dmrs-AdditionalPosition=2. In at least one of the cases where dmrs-AdditionalPosition=2, dmrs-AdditionalPosition=3, and dmrs-AdditionalPosition is not set, the UE procedure may be based on one of the following procedures:

[0081] ◆ If a specific value of the antenna port field is indicated, the UE may assume that "no additional DMRS is transmitted / applied."

[0082] ◆If a specific value of the antenna port field is indicated, the UE may assume that the "configured value of dmrs-AdditionalPosition" - X applies. For example, if X=1 and dmrs-AdditionalPosition='pos3' is set, and a specific DMRS port [index] is indicated, the UE may assume that dmrs-AdditionalPosition='pos2' is set.

[0083] ◆ If a specific value of the antenna port field is indicated, the UE may assume that the "number of additional DMRS symbols based on dmrs-AdditionalPosition" -X is applied. For example, X=1, dmrs-AdditionalPosition='pos3' is set, PDSCH mapping type A is set, and the scheduled PDSCH duration is l. d = 10 symbols, since the "number of additional DMRS symbols based on dmrs-AdditionalPosition" = 2 (number of DMRS symbols = 3), the UE may consider that the number of additional DMRS symbols = 1 is applied. The positions of the additional DMRS symbols to be reduced by the "number of additional DMRS symbols based on dmrs-AdditionalPosition"-X may be defined in the specifications. For example, the additional DMRS symbols may be reduced in order from the additional DMRS symbol with the largest index among the additional DMRS symbols based on dmrs-AdditionalPosition. The positions of the additional DMRS symbols to be reduced by the "number of additional DMRS symbols based on dmrs-AdditionalPosition"-X may be configured by higher layer signaling.

[0084] The value of X may be specified in the specification, may be set by higher layer signaling, or may be reported by the UE as a UE capability.

[0085] For a specific operation, it may be assumed / determined that when the antenna port field value is the first field value, additional DMRS based on the DMRS setting / DMRS position table is applied, and when the antenna port field value is the second field value, DMRS is applied in symbols fewer than those of the additional DMRS based on the DMRS setting / DMRS position table.

[0086] When the PDSCH DMRS in Embodiment 1 / Embodiment 2 is replaced by the PUSCH DMRS, Embodiment 1 / Embodiment 2 may be applied to the PUSCH DMRS.

[0087] When the 2CW in Embodiment 1 / Embodiment 2 is replaced by the 1CW, Embodiment 1 / Embodiment 2 may be applied to the 1CW.

[0088] Embodiment 1 / Embodiment 2 shows an example where "additional DMRS is not transmitted / applied" using the antenna port field value of a reserved row in the existing antenna port table, but it may also be indicated that "additional DMRS is not transmitted / applied" using a new DCI field. When set by upper layer signaling, a new DCI field may exist. The new DCI field may indicate at least one of whether additional DMRS is applied and the number of additional DMRS applied. A special value or combination of special values of one or more existing DMRS fields may also indicate at least one of whether additional DMRS is applied and the number of additional DMRS applied.

[0089] <Supplementary> <<Notification of Information to UE>> In the above-described embodiments, notification of any information to the UE [from a network (NW) (e.g., a base station (BS))] (in other words, reception of any information from the BS by the UE) may be performed using physical layer signaling (e.g., DCI), higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling, MAC CE, RRC message, LTE positioning protocol (LPP) message), specific signals / channels (e.g., DCI, PDCCH, PDSCH, reference signal), or a combination thereof.

[0090] When the notification is performed by a MAC CE, the MAC CE may be identified by including a new Logical Channel ID (LCID) in the MAC subheader that is not defined in existing standards. The MAC CE may be an extension of an existing MAC CE. For example, the MAC CE may be an existing MAC CE with a new octet introduced.

[0091] When the notification is performed by DCI, the notification may be performed by a specific field of the DCI, a Radio Network Temporary Identifier (RNTI) used to scramble Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) bits assigned to the DCI, the format of the DCI, etc. The specific field may be an existing DCI field or a new DCI field. The RNTI may be an existing RNTI or a new RNTI. The format of the DCI may be an existing DCI format or a new DCI format.

[0092] Furthermore, notification of any information to the UE in the above embodiments may be periodic, semi-persistent (triggered by the UE or the gNB), or aperiodic (triggered by the UE or the gNB).

[0093] In the above embodiments, the UE may receive from the NW at least one piece of information among the following several QCL rules. ◆ QCL type A ◆ QCL type B ◆ QCL type C ◆ QCL type D

[0094] In the above embodiments, the QCL source RS for each QCL type may be at least one of the following several RSs. ◆ SSB ◆ Repetition - accompanied / non - accompanied CSI - RS ◆ TRS ◆ DMRS of PDCCH / PDSCH

[0095] In the above embodiments, the information from the NW may be set / instructed by the following methods. ◆ Common to multiple UEs or UE - specific ◆ Cell - specific or common to multiple cells ◆ Per UE / Per CC / Per BWP / Per band / Per cell / Per cell group (CG)

[0096] <<Notification of information from the UE>> In the above embodiments, the notification of any information from the UE to the NW (in other words, the transmission / reporting of any information from the UE to the BS) may be performed using physical layer signaling (e.g., UCI), upper layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling, MAC CE, RRC message, LPP message), specific signals / channels (e.g., UCI, PUCCH, PUSCH, PRACH, reference signal), or a combination thereof.

[0097] When the notification is performed by a MAC CE, the MAC CE may be identified by including a new LCID in the MAC subheader that is not specified in existing standards. The MAC CE may be an extension of an existing MAC CE. For example, the MAC CE may be an extension of an existing MAC CE by introducing a new octet.

[0098] If the notification is performed by UCI, the notification may be transmitted using PUCCH or PUSCH.

[0099] In addition, notification of any information from the UE in the above embodiments may be periodic, semi-persistent (triggered by the UE or the gNB), or aperiodic (triggered by the UE or the gNB).

[0100] <<Application of each embodiment>> In a UE / BS, the specific process / operation / control / assumption / information(s) of at least one of the above-described embodiments may be applied (used) when one or more of the following conditions are met: ◆ Upper layer parameters indicating the above specific processing / operation / control / assumment / information are set. ◆The above specific processing / action / control / assuming / information is determined based on the relevant upper layer parameters, ◆The above specific processing / action / control / assuming / information is instructed / specified / activated / triggered by MAC CE / DCI / UCI / resource / channel / RS, Reporting or supporting specific UE capabilities that indicate (or relate to) the specific processes / operations / controls / assumptions / information mentioned above; ◆The application of the above specific processing / action / control / assumption / information is determined based on specific conditions.

[0101] The specific UE capabilities may indicate at least one of the following: ◆Supporting the above specific processing / action / control / assuming / information, ◆ Capabilities of each embodiment. * Capabilities of each option in each embodiment, or capabilities of a combination of multiple options in each embodiment. ◆The capabilities of each option in each embodiment, or the capabilities of a combination of multiple options in each embodiment.

[0102] Furthermore, the above-mentioned specific UE capability may be a capability that is applied across all frequencies (commonly regardless of frequency), or may be a capability for each frequency (e.g., one or a combination of a cell, band, band combination, BWP, component carrier, etc.), or may be a capability for each frequency range (e.g., Frequency Range 1 (FR1), FR2, FR3, FR4, FR5, FR2-1, FR2-2), or may be a capability for each subcarrier spacing (SubCarrier Spacing (SCS)), or may be a capability for each Feature Set (FS) or Feature Set Per Component-carrier (FSPC).

[0103] Furthermore, the specific UE capability may be a capability that is applied across all duplexing methods (commonly regardless of the duplexing method), or may be a capability for each duplexing method (for example, Time Division Duplex (TDD) or Frequency Division Duplex (FDD)).

[0104] If the above conditions are not met, the UE / BS may follow the behavior specified in existing 3GPP releases.

[0105] Information on whether one or more of the above embodiments / options / choices / examples apply / are used, or which of the above embodiments / options / choices / examples apply / are used, may be based on several of the following methods: ◆The information is configured by one or more higher layer parameters / RRC IEs. ◆The information is determined by one or more relevant higher layer parameters / RRC IEs. ◆The information is indicated by the MAC CE / DCI. The information is determined based on one or more UE capabilities. ◆The information is described / defined in the specification. ◆The information is based on the conditions described / defined in the specification. ◆The information is determined by a combination of several pieces of information above. For example, the information is determined by upper layer parameters / MAC CE / DCI settings / indications and reported by UE capabilities.

[0106] The above embodiments / options / choices may be combined into one embodiment / option / choice.

[0107] In the above embodiments, the RS to be measured may be a QCL source RS in an active TCI state / indicated / unified TCI state.

[0108] (Addendum) The following inventions are added regarding embodiment 1 / embodiment 1a of the present disclosure. [Appendix 1] a receiver for receiving a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) configuration and a downlink control information (DCI) for scheduling a shared channel; A terminal having a control unit that determines whether an additional DMRS based on the setting is to be applied based on the setting and a field value of an antenna port field in the DCI. [supplement] The receiving unit may be the transmitting / receiving unit 220. The control unit may be the control unit 210. The configuration (DMRS configuration) may be DMRS-DownlinkConfig or DMRS-UplinkConfig. The shared channel may be PDSCH or PUSCH. The configuration may include at least one setting of DMRS [configuration] type (dmrs-Type), DMRS extension type (dmrs-TypeEnh), additional DMRS position (dmrs-AdditionalPosition), and DMRS maximum length (maxLength). [Appendix 2] The control unit determines a resource for the DMRS based on an association between a plurality of field values ​​of the antenna port field and a plurality of parameter values ​​of a parameter; the association includes associating a first field value of the antenna port field with a first parameter value of the parameter, and associating a second field value of the antenna port field with the first parameter value of the parameter; If the antenna port field indicates the first field value, the controller determines that the additional DMRS is applied; 2. The terminal of claim 1, wherein, if the antenna port field indicates the second field value, the control unit determines that the additional DMRS does not apply. [Appendix 3] The control unit determines a resource for the DMRS based on an association between a plurality of field values ​​of the antenna port field and a plurality of parameter values ​​of a parameter; the association includes associating a first field value of the antenna port field with a first parameter value of the parameter, and associating a second field value of the antenna port field with the first parameter value of the parameter; If the antenna port field indicates the first field value, the controller determines that the additional DMRS is applied; 3. The terminal according to claim 1, wherein, when the antenna port field indicates the second field value, the control unit determines that the DMRS is applied in fewer symbols than symbols based on the configuration. [Appendix 4] The setting indicates a location of the DMRS and a maximum length of the DMRS; The terminal according to any one of Supplementary Note 1 to Supplementary Note 3, wherein if the setting satisfies the condition, and the shared channel has two codewords, and the field value is a specific value, the control unit determines that the additional DMRS is not applied. [Appendix A] a transmitter for receiving a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) configuration and transmitting downlink control information (DCI) for scheduling a shared channel; A base station comprising: a control unit that determines whether an additional DMRS based on the setting is to be applied based on the setting and a field value of an antenna port field in the DCI. [supplement] The transmitting unit may be the transceiver unit 120. The control unit may be the control unit 110.

[0109] (wireless communication system) The configuration of a wireless communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure will be described below. In this wireless communication system, communication is performed using any one of the wireless communication methods according to the above embodiments of the present disclosure or a combination thereof.

[0110] 19 is a diagram illustrating an example of a schematic configuration of a wireless communication system according to an embodiment. The wireless communication system 1 (which may be simply referred to as system 1) may be a system that realizes communication using Long Term Evolution (LTE), 5th generation mobile communication system New Radio (5G NR), or the like, which are specified by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP).

[0111] The wireless communication system 1 may also support dual connectivity between multiple Radio Access Technologies (RATs) (Multi-RAT Dual Connectivity (MR-DC)). MR-DC may include dual connectivity between LTE (Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA)) and NR (E-UTRA-NR Dual Connectivity (EN-DC)), dual connectivity between NR and LTE (NR-E-UTRA Dual Connectivity (NE-DC)), etc.

[0112] In EN-DC, the LTE (E-UTRA) base station (eNB) is the master node (MN), and the NR base station (gNB) is the secondary node (SN). In NE-DC, the NR base station (gNB) is the MN, and the LTE (E-UTRA) base station (eNB) is the SN.

[0113] The wireless communication system 1 may support dual connectivity between multiple base stations within the same RAT (for example, dual connectivity in which both the MN and the SN are NR base stations (gNBs) (NR-NR Dual Connectivity (NN-DC))).

[0114] The wireless communication system 1 may include a base station 11 that forms a macrocell C1 with a relatively wide coverage, and base stations 12 (12a-12c) that are located within the macrocell C1 and form small cells C2 that are smaller than the macrocell C1. A user terminal 20 may be located within at least one of the cells. The location, number, shape, size, etc. of each cell and user terminal 20 are not limited to the embodiment shown in the figure. Hereinafter, when there is no need to distinguish between the base stations 11 and 12, they will be collectively referred to as base station 10.

[0115] The wireless communication system 1 may utilize Multi Input Multi Output (MIMO). For example, one cell may be formed by one antenna / base station 10, or may be formed by multiple antennas / base stations 10. One [virtual] cell (which may be called, for example, a super cell) may be composed of multiple [virtual] cells (which may be called, for example, sub-cells). A super cell may correspond to a cell whose physical range is fixed, and a sub-cell may correspond to a cell whose physical range varies semi-statically / dynamically. In this case, the wireless communication system 1 may be called a cell-free system.

[0116] The user terminal 20 may be connected to at least one of the multiple base stations 10. The user terminal 20 may utilize at least one of carrier aggregation (CA) using multiple component carriers (CC) and dual connectivity (DC).

[0117] Each CC may be included in at least one of a first frequency band (Frequency Range 1 (FR1)) and a second frequency band (Frequency Range 2 (FR2)). The macro cell C1 may be included in FR1, and the small cell C2 may be included in FR2. For example, FR1 may be a frequency band of 6 GHz or less (sub-6 GHz), and FR2 may be a frequency band above 24 GHz (above-24 GHz). Note that the frequency bands and definitions of FR1 and FR2 are not limited to these, and for example, FR1 may be a frequency band higher than FR2.

[0118] Furthermore, the user terminal 20 may perform communication using at least one of Time Division Duplex (TDD) and Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) in each CC.

[0119] The multiple base stations 10 may be connected by wire (for example, optical fiber conforming to the Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI), an X2 / Xn interface, etc.) or wirelessly (for example, NR communication). For example, when NR communication is used as a backhaul between the base stations 11 and 12, the base station 11 corresponding to the upper station may be called an Integrated Access Backhaul (IAB) donor, and the base station 12 corresponding to the relay station (relay) may be called an IAB node.

[0120] The base station 10 may be connected to the core network 30 directly or via another base station 10. The core network 30 may include, for example, at least one of an Evolved Packet Core (EPC), a 5G Core Network (5GCN), a Next Generation Core (NGC), and the like.

[0121] The core network 30 may include network functions (NFs) such as a User Plane Function (UPF), an Access and Mobility management Function (AMF), a Session Management Function (SMF), a Unified Data Management (UDM), an Application Function (AF), a Data Network (DN), a Location Management Function (LMF), and an Operation, Administration and Maintenance (Management) (OAM). Note that a single network node may provide multiple functions. Furthermore, communication with an external network (e.g., the Internet) may be performed via the DN.

[0122] The user terminal 20 may be a terminal compatible with at least one of communication methods such as LTE, LTE-A, and 5G.

[0123] An Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM)-based radio access scheme may be used in the radio communication system 1. For example, Cyclic Prefix OFDM (CP-OFDM), Discrete Fourier Transform Spread OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA), or the like may be used in at least one of the downlink (DL) and uplink (UL).

[0124] The radio access scheme may also be called a waveform. Note that in the wireless communication system 1, other radio access schemes (for example, other single-carrier transmission schemes, other multi-carrier transmission schemes) may be used as the UL and DL radio access schemes.

[0125] In the wireless communication system 1, a downlink shared channel (Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH)) shared by each user terminal 20, a broadcast channel (Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH)), a downlink control channel (Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH)), etc. may be used as the downlink channel.

[0126] Furthermore, in the wireless communication system 1, an uplink shared channel (Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH)) shared by each user terminal 20, an uplink control channel (Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH)), a random access channel (Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH)), etc. may be used as an uplink channel.

[0127] The PDSCH transmits user data, higher layer control information, System Information Block (SIB), etc. The PUSCH may transmit user data, higher layer control information, etc. Furthermore, the PBCH may transmit Master Information Block (MIB).

[0128] Lower layer control information may be transmitted by the PDCCH. The lower layer control information may include, for example, Downlink Control Information (DCI) including scheduling information for at least one of the PDSCH and the PUSCH.

[0129] Note that the DCI for scheduling the PDSCH may be referred to as a DL assignment, a DL DCI, etc., and the DCI for scheduling the PUSCH may be referred to as an UL grant, a UL DCI, etc. Note that the PDSCH may be interpreted as DL data, and the PUSCH may be interpreted as UL data.

[0130] A control resource set (CORESET) and a search space may be used to detect the PDCCH. The CORESET corresponds to resources to search for DCI. The search space corresponds to a search region and a search method for PDCCH candidates. One CORESET may be associated with one or more search spaces. The UE may monitor a CORESET associated with a certain search space based on the search space configuration.

[0131] One search space may correspond to PDCCH candidates corresponding to one or more aggregation levels. One or more search spaces may be called a search space set. Note that the terms "search space," "search space set," "search space setting," "search space set setting," "CORESET," "CORESET setting," etc. in the present disclosure may be read interchangeably.

[0132] The PUCCH may transmit uplink control information (UCI) including at least one of channel state information (CSI), acknowledgement information (which may be called, for example, Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest ACKnowledgement (HARQ-ACK), ACK / NACK, etc.), and scheduling request (SR). The PRACH may transmit a random access preamble for establishing a connection with a cell.

[0133] In the present disclosure, downlink, uplink, etc. may be expressed without adding "link." Also, various channels may be expressed without adding "Physical" to the beginning.

[0134] In the wireless communication system 1, a synchronization signal (SS), a downlink reference signal (DL-RS), etc. may be transmitted. In the wireless communication system 1, a cell-specific reference signal (CRS), a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS), a demodulation reference signal (DMRS), a positioning reference signal (PRS), a phase tracking reference signal (PTRS), etc. may be transmitted as DL-RS.

[0135] The synchronization signal may be, for example, at least one of a Primary Synchronization Signal (PSS) and a Secondary Synchronization Signal (SSS). A signal block including the SS (PSS, SSS) and the PBCH (and DMRS for the PBCH) may be referred to as an SS / PBCH block, an SS Block (SSB), or the like. Note that the SS, SSB, and the like may also be referred to as reference signals.

[0136] Furthermore, in the wireless communication system 1, a sounding reference signal (SRS), a demodulation reference signal (DMRS), etc. may be transmitted as an uplink reference signal (UL-RS). Note that the DMRS may also be called a user equipment-specific reference signal (UE-specific reference signal).

[0137] (base station) 20 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a base station according to an embodiment. The base station 10 includes a control unit 110, a transceiver unit 120, a transceiver antenna 130, and a transmission line interface 140. Note that the base station may include one or more of each of the control unit 110, the transceiver unit 120, the transceiver antenna 130, and the transmission line interface 140.

[0138] In this example, the functional blocks of the characteristic parts of the present embodiment are mainly shown, and it may be assumed that the base station 10 also has other functional blocks necessary for wireless communication. Some of the processing of each unit described below may be omitted.

[0139] The control unit 110 performs overall control of the base station 10. The control unit 110 can be configured from a controller, a control circuit, and the like that are explained based on common understanding in the technical field to which the present disclosure relates.

[0140] The control unit 110 may control signal generation, scheduling (e.g., resource allocation, mapping), etc. The control unit 110 may control transmission and reception using the transceiver unit 120, the transceiver antenna 130, and the transmission path interface 140, measurement, etc. The control unit 110 may generate data to be transmitted as signals, control information, sequences, etc., and transfer them to the transceiver unit 120. The control unit 110 may perform call processing (setting up, releasing, etc.) of communication channels, status management of the base station 10, management of radio resources, etc.

[0141] The transceiver unit 120 may include a baseband unit 121, a radio frequency (RF) unit 122, and a measurement unit 123. The baseband unit 121 may include a transmission processing unit 1211 and a reception processing unit 1212. The transceiver unit 120 may be configured with a transmitter / receiver, an RF circuit, a baseband circuit, a filter, a phase shifter, a measurement circuit, a transceiver circuit, etc., which are described based on common understanding in the technical field related to the present disclosure.

[0142] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 may be configured as an integrated transmitting / receiving unit, or may be composed of a transmitting unit and a receiving unit. The transmitting unit may be composed of a transmission processing unit 1211 and an RF unit 122. The receiving unit may be composed of a reception processing unit 1212, an RF unit 122, and a measurement unit 123.

[0143] The transmitting and receiving antenna 130 can be configured from an antenna described based on common understanding in the technical field to which the present disclosure pertains, such as an array antenna.

[0144] The transceiver 120 may transmit the above-mentioned downlink channel, synchronization signal, downlink reference signal, etc. The transceiver 120 may receive the above-mentioned uplink channel, uplink reference signal, etc.

[0145] The transceiver 120 may form at least one of a transmission beam and a reception beam using digital beamforming (for example, precoding), analog beamforming (for example, phase rotation), or the like.

[0146] The transceiver 120 (transmission processing unit 1211) may perform Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer processing, Radio Link Control (RLC) layer processing (e.g., RLC retransmission control), Medium Access Control (MAC) layer processing (e.g., HARQ retransmission control), etc. on data, control information, etc. obtained from the control unit 110, and generate a bit string to be transmitted.

[0147] The transceiver 120 (transmission processor 1211) may perform transmission processing such as channel coding (which may include error correction coding), modulation, mapping, filtering, Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) processing (if necessary), Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) processing, precoding, and digital-to-analog conversion on the bit string to be transmitted, and output a baseband signal.

[0148] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 (RF unit 122) may perform modulation to a radio frequency band, filtering, amplification, etc. on the baseband signal, and transmit the radio frequency band signal via the transmitting / receiving antenna .

[0149] On the other hand, the transmitting / receiving unit 120 (RF unit 122) may perform amplification, filtering, demodulation to a baseband signal, etc. on the radio frequency band signal received by the transmitting / receiving antenna .

[0150] The transceiver 120 (reception processing unit 1212) may apply reception processing such as analog-to-digital conversion, Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) processing, Inverse Discrete Fourier Transform (IDFT) processing (if necessary), filtering, demapping, demodulation, decoding (which may include error correction decoding), MAC layer processing, RLC layer processing, and PDCP layer processing to the acquired baseband signal, thereby acquiring user data, etc.

[0151] The transceiver 120 (measurement unit 123) may perform measurements on the received signal. For example, the measurement unit 123 may perform Radio Resource Management (RRM) measurements, Channel State Information (CSI) measurements, etc. based on the received signal. The measurement unit 123 may measure received power (e.g., Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP)), received quality (e.g., Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ), Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio (SINR), Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR)), signal strength (e.g., Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI)), propagation path information (e.g., CSI), etc. The measurement results may be output to the control unit 110.

[0152] The transmission path interface 140 may transmit and receive signals (backhaul signaling) between devices included in the core network 30 (e.g., network nodes providing NFs), other base stations 10, etc., and may acquire and transmit user data (user plane data), control plane data, etc. for the user terminal 20.

[0153] The transmitting section and receiving section of the base station 10 in the present disclosure may be configured by at least one of the transmitting / receiving section 120, the transmitting / receiving antenna 130, and the transmission path interface 140.

[0154] The base station 10 may be separated into three elements: a radio unit (RU), a distributed unit (DU), and a central unit (CU). For example, the RU may perform RF processing (digital beamforming, digital-to-analog conversion, analog beamforming, etc.) and lower-level functions of the physical layer (precoding, IFFT, FFT, etc.). The DU may perform higher-level functions of the physical layer (coding to resource element mapping, etc.), MAC layer functions, and RLC layer functions. The CU may perform PDCP layer, Service Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP) layer, and RRC layer functions.

[0155] In the present disclosure, the base station 10 may include a single device that implements all of the functions of the RU, DU, and CU, or may include multiple devices that each implement some of the functions of the RU, DU, and CU and are connected to each other. In the present disclosure, the base station 10 may be interchangeably read as RU / DU / CU.

[0156] (user terminal) 21 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a user terminal according to one embodiment. The user terminal 20 includes a control unit 210, a transceiver unit 220, and a transmitting / receiving antenna 230. Note that the user terminal 20 may include one or more of each of the control unit 210, the transceiver unit 220, and the transmitting / receiving antenna 230.

[0157] Note that this example mainly shows functional blocks of the characteristic parts of the present embodiment, and it may be assumed that the user terminal 20 also has other functional blocks necessary for wireless communication. Some of the processing of each unit described below may be omitted.

[0158] The control unit 210 performs overall control of the user terminal 20. The control unit 210 can be configured from a controller, a control circuit, and the like that are explained based on common understanding in the technical field to which the present disclosure relates.

[0159] The control unit 210 may control signal generation, mapping, etc. The control unit 210 may also control transmission and reception, measurement, etc. using the transceiver unit 220 and the transceiver antenna 230. The control unit 210 may generate data, control information, sequences, etc. to be transmitted as signals, and transfer them to the transceiver unit 220.

[0160] The transceiver unit 220 may include a baseband unit 221, an RF unit 222, and a measurement unit 223. The baseband unit 221 may include a transmission processing unit 2211 and a reception processing unit 2212. The transceiver unit 220 may be configured from a transmitter / receiver, an RF circuit, a baseband circuit, a filter, a phase shifter, a measurement circuit, a transceiver circuit, etc., which are described based on common understanding in the technical field related to the present disclosure.

[0161] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 may be configured as an integrated transmitting / receiving unit, or may be composed of a transmitting unit and a receiving unit. The transmitting unit may be composed of a transmission processing unit 2211 and an RF unit 222. The receiving unit may be composed of a reception processing unit 2212, an RF unit 222, and a measurement unit 223.

[0162] The transmitting / receiving antenna 230 can be configured as an antenna described based on common understanding in the technical field to which the present disclosure pertains, such as an array antenna.

[0163] The transceiver 220 may receive the above-mentioned downlink channel, synchronization signal, downlink reference signal, etc. The transceiver 220 may transmit the above-mentioned uplink channel, uplink reference signal, etc.

[0164] The transceiver 220 may form at least one of a transmission beam and a reception beam using digital beamforming (for example, precoding), analog beamforming (for example, phase rotation), or the like.

[0165] The transceiver 220 (transmission processing unit 2211) may perform PDCP layer processing, RLC layer processing (e.g., RLC retransmission control), MAC layer processing (e.g., HARQ retransmission control), etc. on data, control information, etc. obtained from the control unit 210, and generate a bit string to be transmitted.

[0166] The transceiver 220 (transmission processor 2211) may perform transmission processing such as channel coding (which may include error correction coding), modulation, mapping, filtering, DFT processing (if necessary), IFFT processing, precoding, and digital-to-analog conversion on the bit string to be transmitted, and output a baseband signal.

[0167] Whether or not to apply DFT processing may be based on the setting of transform precoding. When transform precoding is enabled for a certain channel (e.g., PUSCH), the transceiver unit 220 (transmission processing unit 2211) may perform DFT processing as the transmission processing to transmit the channel using a DFT-s-OFDM waveform, and when transform precoding is not enabled, the transceiver unit 220 may not perform DFT processing as the transmission processing.

[0168] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 (RF unit 222) may perform modulation to a radio frequency band, filtering, amplification, etc. on the baseband signal, and transmit the radio frequency band signal via the transmitting / receiving antenna 230.

[0169] On the other hand, the transmitting / receiving unit 220 (RF unit 222) may perform amplification, filtering, demodulation to a baseband signal, etc. on the radio frequency band signal received by the transmitting / receiving antenna 230.

[0170] The transceiver 220 (reception processing unit 2212) may apply reception processing such as analog-to-digital conversion, FFT processing, IDFT processing (if necessary), filtering, demapping, demodulation, decoding (which may include error correction decoding), MAC layer processing, RLC layer processing, and PDCP layer processing to the acquired baseband signal to acquire user data, etc.

[0171] The transceiver 220 (measurement unit 223) may perform measurements on the received signal. For example, the measurement unit 223 may perform RRM measurement, CSI measurement, etc. based on the received signal. The measurement unit 223 may measure received power (e.g., RSRP), received quality (e.g., RSRQ, SINR, SNR), signal strength (e.g., RSSI), propagation path information (e.g., CSI), etc. The measurement results may be output to the control unit 210.

[0172] The measurement unit 223 may derive channel measurements for CSI calculation based on the channel measurement resources. The channel measurement resources may be, for example, non-zero power (NZP) CSI-RS resources. The measurement unit 223 may also derive interference measurements for CSI calculation based on the interference measurement resources. The interference measurement resources may be at least one of an NZP CSI-RS resource for interference measurement, a CSI-Interference Measurement (IM) resource, etc. Note that CSI-IM may be referred to as CSI-Interference Management (IM) or may be interchangeably read as Zero Power (ZP) CSI-RS. Note that in the present disclosure, CSI-RS, NZP CSI-RS, ZP CSI-RS, CSI-IM, CSI-SSB, etc. may be interchangeably read as interchangeable.

[0173] The transmitting section and receiving section of the user terminal 20 in the present disclosure may be configured by at least one of the transmitting / receiving section 220 and the transmitting / receiving antenna 230.

[0174] (Hardware configuration) The block diagrams used to explain the above embodiments show functional blocks. These functional blocks (components) are realized by any combination of at least one of hardware and software. Furthermore, the method for realizing each functional block is not particularly limited. That is, each functional block may be realized using a single device that is physically or logically coupled, or may be realized using two or more physically or logically separated devices that are directly or indirectly connected (for example, using wires, wirelessly, etc.) and these multiple devices. The functional block may also be realized by combining the single device or multiple devices with software.

[0175] Here, the functions include, but are not limited to, judgment, determination, judgment, calculation, computation, processing, derivation, investigation, search, confirmation, reception, transmission, output, access, resolution, selection, election, establishment, comparison, assumption, expectation, deeming, broadcasting, notifying, communicating, forwarding, configuring, reconfiguring, allocating, mapping, and assignment. For example, a functional block (component) that performs transmission may be called a transmitting unit, transmitter, etc. As mentioned above, the implementation method of each is not particularly limited.

[0176] For example, a base station, a user terminal, etc. according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may function as a computer that performs processing of the wireless communication method of the present disclosure. Fig. 22 is a diagram illustrating an example of the hardware configuration of a base station and a user terminal according to an embodiment. The above-described base station 10 and user terminal 20 may be physically configured as a computer device including a processor 1001, a memory 1002, a storage 1003, a communication device 1004, an input device 1005, an output device 1006, a bus 1007, etc.

[0177] In this disclosure, terms such as apparatus, circuit, device, section, unit, etc. may be read interchangeably. The hardware configurations of the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 may be configured to include one or more of the devices shown in the drawings, or may be configured to exclude some of the devices.

[0178] For example, although only one processor 1001 is shown, there may be multiple processors. Furthermore, processing may be performed by one processor, or processing may be performed by two or more processors simultaneously, serially, or in other ways. Furthermore, processor 1001 may be implemented by one or more chips.

[0179] Each function in the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 is realized, for example, by loading predetermined software (programs) onto hardware such as a processor 1001 and a memory 1002, causing the processor 1001 to perform calculations, control communication via the communication device 1004, and control at least one of reading and writing data in the memory 1002 and the storage 1003.

[0180] The processor 1001, for example, runs an operating system to control the entire computer. The processor 1001 may be configured as a central processing unit (CPU) including an interface with peripheral devices, a control device, an arithmetic unit, a register, etc. For example, at least a part of the above-mentioned control unit 110 (210), transmission / reception unit 120 (220), etc. may be realized by the processor 1001.

[0181] The processor 1001 also reads programs (program codes), software modules, data, etc. from at least one of the storage 1003 and the communication device 1004 into the memory 1002, and executes various processes in accordance with these. The programs used are those that cause a computer to execute at least some of the operations described in the above-described embodiments. For example, the control unit 110 (210) may be realized by a control program stored in the memory 1002 and running on the processor 1001, and the other functional blocks may be realized in a similar manner.

[0182] The memory 1002 is a computer-readable recording medium and may be configured by at least one of, for example, a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), a random access memory (RAM), or other suitable storage medium. The memory 1002 may also be referred to as a register, a cache, a main memory, or the like. The memory 1002 may store executable programs (program codes), software modules, and the like for implementing a wireless communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0183] Storage 1003 is a computer-readable recording medium and may be constituted by at least one of, for example, a flexible disk, a floppy disk, a magneto-optical disk (e.g., a compact disc (e.g., a Compact Disc ROM (CD-ROM)), a digital versatile disc, a Blu-ray disc), a removable disk, a hard disk drive, a smart card, a flash memory device (e.g., a card, stick, key drive), a magnetic stripe, a database, a server, or other suitable storage medium. Storage 1003 may also be referred to as a secondary storage device.

[0184] The communication device 1004 is hardware (transmission / reception device) for communicating between computers via at least one of a wired network and a wireless network, and is also referred to as, for example, a network device, a network controller, a network card, or a communication module. The communication device 1004 may be configured to include a high-frequency switch, a duplexer, a filter, a frequency synthesizer, etc. to realize at least one of frequency division duplex (FDD) and time division duplex (TDD). For example, the above-mentioned transmission / reception unit 120 (220), transmission / reception antenna 130 (230), etc. may be realized by the communication device 1004. The transmission / reception unit 120 (220) may be implemented as a transmission unit 120a (220a) and a reception unit 120b (220b) that are physically or logically separated.

[0185] The input device 1005 is an input device (for example, a keyboard, a mouse, a microphone, a switch, a button, a sensor, etc.) that receives input from the outside. The output device 1006 is an output device (for example, a display, a speaker, a light emitting diode (LED) lamp, etc.) that outputs to the outside. The input device 1005 and the output device 1006 may be integrated into one device (for example, a touch panel).

[0186] Furthermore, each device, such as the processor 1001 and the memory 1002, is connected by a bus 1007 for communicating information. The bus 1007 may be configured using a single bus, or may be configured using different buses between each device.

[0187] Furthermore, the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 may be configured to include hardware such as a microprocessor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic device (PLD), or a field programmable gate array (FPGA), and some or all of the functional blocks may be realized using such hardware. For example, the processor 1001 may be implemented using at least one of these pieces of hardware.

[0188] Note that the devices included in the core network 30 (for example, network nodes that provide NFs) may also be realized by the above-described functional block / hardware configuration.

[0189] (Variation) Note that terms explained in the present disclosure and terms necessary for understanding the present disclosure may be replaced with terms having the same or similar meanings. For example, a channel, a symbol, and a signal (signal or signaling) may be interchangeable. A signal may also be a message. A reference signal may be abbreviated as RS, and may also be called a pilot, pilot signal, etc. depending on the applicable standard. A component carrier (CC) may also be called a cell, frequency carrier, carrier frequency, etc.

[0190] A radio frame may be composed of one or more periods (frames) in the time domain. Each of the one or more periods (frames) constituting a radio frame may be called a subframe. Furthermore, a subframe may be composed of one or more slots in the time domain. A subframe may have a fixed time length (e.g., 1 ms) that is independent of numerology.

[0191] Here, the numerology may be a communication parameter applied to at least one of transmission and reception of a signal or channel, and may indicate at least one of, for example, a subcarrier spacing (SCS), a bandwidth, a symbol length, a cyclic prefix length, a transmission time interval (TTI), the number of symbols per TTI, a radio frame structure, a specific filtering process performed by a transceiver in the frequency domain, and a specific windowing process performed by a transceiver in the time domain.

[0192] A slot may be composed of one or more symbols in the time domain (such as an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbol or a Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) symbol), and may be a time unit based on numerology.

[0193] A slot may include multiple minislots. Each minislot may consist of one or multiple symbols in the time domain. A minislot may also be called a subslot. A minislot may consist of fewer symbols than a slot. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted in a time unit larger than a minislot may be called PDSCH (PUSCH) mapping type A. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted using a minislot may be called PDSCH (PUSCH) mapping type B.

[0194] A radio frame, a subframe, a slot, a minislot, and a symbol all represent time units for transmitting signals. The radio frame, the subframe, the slot, the minislot, and the symbol may be referred to by other names corresponding to the radio frame, the subframe, the slot, the minislot, and the symbol. Note that the time units such as a frame, a subframe, a slot, a minislot, and a symbol in the present disclosure may be interchangeable.

[0195] For example, one subframe may be referred to as a TTI, or multiple consecutive subframes may be referred to as a TTI, or one slot or one minislot may be referred to as a TTI. That is, at least one of a subframe and a TTI may be a subframe (1 ms) in existing LTE, a period shorter than 1 ms (for example, 1-13 symbols), or a period longer than 1 ms. Note that the unit representing the TTI may be called a slot, minislot, etc., instead of a subframe.

[0196] Here, TTI refers to, for example, the smallest time unit for scheduling in wireless communication. For example, in an LTE system, a base station performs scheduling to allocate radio resources (such as frequency bandwidth and transmission power that can be used by each user terminal) to each user terminal in TTI units. However, the definition of TTI is not limited to this.

[0197] The TTI may be a transmission time unit for a channel-encoded data packet (transport block), a code block, a code word, etc., or may be a processing unit for scheduling, link adaptation, etc. When a TTI is given, the time interval (e.g., the number of symbols) to which a transport block, a code block, a code word, etc. is actually mapped may be shorter than the TTI.

[0198] When one slot or one minislot is called a TTI, one or more TTIs (i.e., one or more slots or one or more minislots) may be the minimum time unit for scheduling. Also, the number of slots (minislots) constituting the minimum time unit for scheduling may be controlled.

[0199] A TTI having a time length of 1 ms may be called a regular TTI (TTI in 3GPP Rel. 8-12), normal TTI, long TTI, regular subframe, normal subframe, long subframe, slot, etc. A TTI shorter than a regular TTI may be called a shortened TTI, short TTI, partial or fractional TTI, shortened subframe, short subframe, minislot, subslot, slot, etc.

[0200] In addition, a long TTI (e.g., a normal TTI, a subframe, etc.) may be interpreted as a TTI having a time length of more than 1 ms, and a short TTI (e.g., a shortened TTI, etc.) may be interpreted as a TTI having a TTI length shorter than the TTI length of a long TTI and equal to or greater than 1 ms.

[0201] A resource block (RB) is a resource allocation unit in the time domain and the frequency domain, and may include one or more consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain. The number of subcarriers included in an RB may be the same regardless of numerology, for example, 12. The number of subcarriers included in an RB may also be determined based on numerology.

[0202] In addition, an RB may include one or more symbols in the time domain and may have a length of one slot, one minislot, one subframe, or one TTI. One TTI, one subframe, etc. may each be composed of one or more resource blocks.

[0203] Note that one or more RBs may also be called a physical resource block (PRB), a sub-carrier group (SCG), a resource element group (REG), a PRB pair, an RB pair, etc.

[0204] Furthermore, a resource block may be composed of one or more resource elements (REs). For example, one RE may be a radio resource region of one subcarrier and one symbol.

[0205] A Bandwidth Part (BWP), which may also be referred to as a fractional bandwidth, may represent a subset of contiguous common resource blocks (RBs) for a given numerology on a given carrier, where the common RBs may be identified by their index relative to a common reference point of the carrier. PRBs may be defined in a given BWP and numbered within that BWP.

[0206] The BWP may include an UL BWP (a BWP for UL) and a DL BWP (a BWP for DL). One or more BWPs may be configured for a UE within one carrier.

[0207] At least one of the configured BWPs may be active, and the UE may not expect to transmit or receive a given signal / channel outside the active BWP. Note that the terms "cell," "carrier," etc. in this disclosure may be read as "BWP."

[0208] The above-described structures of radio frames, subframes, slots, minislots, symbols, etc. are merely examples. For example, the number of subframes included in a radio frame, the number of slots per subframe or radio frame, the number of minislots included in a slot, the number of symbols and RBs included in a slot or minislot, the number of subcarriers included in an RB, the number of symbols in a TTI, the symbol length, the cyclic prefix (CP) length, etc. may be changed in various ways.

[0209] Furthermore, the information, parameters, etc. described in the present disclosure may be expressed using absolute values, may be expressed using relative values ​​from a predetermined value, or may be expressed using other corresponding information. For example, a radio resource may be indicated by a predetermined index.

[0210] The names used for parameters and the like in this disclosure are not intended to be limiting in any way. Furthermore, the mathematical expressions and the like using these parameters may differ from those explicitly disclosed in this disclosure. The various channels (PUCCH, PDCCH, etc.) and information elements may be identified by any suitable names, and therefore the various names assigned to these various channels and information elements are not intended to be limiting in any way.

[0211] The information, signals, etc. described in this disclosure may be represented using any of a variety of different technologies. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, chips, etc. that may be referred to throughout the above description may be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, optical fields or photons, or any combination thereof.

[0212] Furthermore, information, signals, etc. may be output from a higher layer to a lower layer and / or from a lower layer to a higher layer. Information, signals, etc. may be input / output via multiple network nodes.

[0213] Input and output information, signals, etc. may be stored in a specific location (for example, memory) or may be managed using a management table. Input and output information, signals, etc. may be overwritten, updated, or added. Output information, signals, etc. may be deleted. Input information, signals, etc. may be transmitted to another device.

[0214] With respect to any information (e.g., variables, constants, parameters) described in the present disclosure, even if not specifically stated in the above embodiments, any first device (e.g., UE / base station) may notify any second device (e.g., base station / UE) of information indicating / identifying (or relating to) the value of the any information.

[0215] Notification of information is not limited to the aspects / embodiments described in the present disclosure, and may be performed using other methods. For example, notification of information in the present disclosure may be performed by physical layer signaling (e.g., Downlink Control Information (DCI) and Uplink Control Information (UCI)), higher layer signaling (e.g., Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, broadcast information (Master Information Block (MIB) and System Information Block (SIB)), Medium Access Control (MAC) signaling), other signals, or a combination thereof.

[0216] Note that the physical layer signaling may be called Layer 1 / Layer 2 (L1 / L2) control information (L1 / L2 control signal), L1 control information (L1 control signal), etc. Furthermore, the RRC signaling may be called an RRC message, such as an RRC connection setup message or an RRC connection reconfiguration message. Furthermore, the MAC signaling may be notified using, for example, a MAC Control Element (CE).

[0217] Furthermore, notification of specified information (e.g., notification that "it is X") is not limited to explicit notification, but may be made implicitly (e.g., by not notifying the specified information or by notifying other information).

[0218] The determination may be made by a value represented by one bit (0 or 1), by a Boolean value represented by true or false, or by a comparison of numerical values ​​(e.g., comparison with a predetermined value).

[0219] Software shall be construed broadly to mean instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subprograms, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executable files, threads of execution, procedures, functions, etc., whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or otherwise.

[0220] Software, instructions, information, etc. may also be transmitted or received over a transmission medium. For example, if software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using wired technologies (such as coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)), and / or wireless technologies (such as infrared, microwave), then these wired and / or wireless technologies are included within the definition of transmission media.

[0221] As used in this disclosure, the terms "system" and "network" may be used interchangeably. A "network" may refer to devices included in the network (e.g., base stations).

[0222] In the present disclosure, terms such as "precoding," "precoder," "weight (precoding weight)," "Quasi-Co-Location (QCL)," "Transmission Configuration Indication state (TCI state)," "spatial relation," "spatial domain filter," "transmit power," "phase rotation," "antenna port," "layer," "number of layers," "rank," "resource," "resource set," "beam," "beam width," "beam angle," "antenna," "antenna element," "panel," "UE panel," "transmitting entity," "receiving entity," etc. may be used interchangeably.

[0223] In the present disclosure, the term "antenna port" may be interchangeably read as an antenna port for any signal / channel (e.g., a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) port). In the present disclosure, the term "resource" may be interchangeably read as a resource for any signal / channel (e.g., a reference signal resource, an SRS resource, etc.). The resource may include time / frequency / code / space / power resources. The spatial domain transmission filter may include at least one of a spatial domain transmission filter and a spatial domain reception filter.

[0224] The group may include, for example, at least one of a spatial relationship group, a Code Division Multiplexing (CDM) group, a Reference Signal (RS) group, a Control Resource Set (CORESET) group, a PUCCH group, an antenna port group (e.g., a DMRS port group), a layer group, a resource group, a beam group, an antenna group, a panel group, and the like.

[0225] In addition, in the present disclosure, beam, SRS Resource Indicator (SRI), CORESET, CORESET pool, PDSCH, PUSCH, codeword (CW), transport block (TB), RS, etc. may be read as interchangeable terms.

[0226] In addition, in the present disclosure, the terms TCI state, downlink TCI state (DL TCI state), uplink TCI state (UL TCI state), unified TCI state, common TCI state, joint TCI state, etc. may be read interchangeably.

[0227] Furthermore, in this disclosure, terms such as "QCL," "QCL assumptions," "QCL relationships," "QCL type information," "QCL properties," "specific QCL type (e.g., Type A, Type D) properties," and "specific QCL type (e.g., Type A, Type D)" may be interchangeable.

[0228] In this disclosure, terms such as index, identifier (ID), indicator, indication, and resource ID may be interchangeable. In this disclosure, terms such as sequence, list, set, group, cluster, and subset may be interchangeable.

[0229] Furthermore, the spatial relationship information identifier (ID) (TCI state ID) and spatial relationship information (TCI state) may be interchangeable. "Spatial relationship information (TCI state)" may be interchangeable with "set of spatial relationship information (TCI state)", "one or more pieces of spatial relationship information", etc. The TCI state and TCI may be interchangeable. The spatial relationship information and spatial relationship may be interchangeable.

[0230] In this disclosure, terms such as "base station (BS)," "radio base station," "fixed station," "NodeB," "eNB (eNodeB)," "gNB (gNodeB)," "access point," "transmission point (TP)," "reception point (RP)," "transmission / reception point (TRP)," "panel," "cell," "sector," "cell group," "carrier," "component carrier," etc. may be used interchangeably. Base stations may also be referred to by terms such as macrocell, small cell, femtocell, picocell, etc.

[0231] A base station can accommodate one or more (e.g., three) cells. When a base station accommodates multiple cells, the overall coverage area of ​​the base station can be divided into multiple smaller areas, and each smaller area can be provided with communication service by a base station subsystem (e.g., a small indoor base station (Remote Radio Head (RRH))). The term "cell" or "sector" refers to a part or the entire coverage area of ​​a base station and / or base station subsystem that provides communication service within this coverage.

[0232] In the present disclosure, a base station transmitting information to a terminal may be interpreted as the base station instructing the terminal to control / operate based on the information.

[0233] In this disclosure, the terms "Mobile Station (MS)," "user terminal," "User Equipment (UE)," "terminal," etc. may be used interchangeably.

[0234] A mobile station may also be referred to as a subscriber station, mobile unit, subscriber unit, wireless unit, remote unit, mobile device, wireless device, wireless communication device, remote device, mobile subscriber station, access terminal, mobile terminal, wireless terminal, remote terminal, handset, user agent, mobile client, client, or some other suitable terminology.

[0235] At least one of the base station and the mobile station may be called a transmitting device, a receiving device, a wireless communication device, etc. Note that at least one of the base station and the mobile station may be a device mounted on a moving object, the moving object itself, etc.

[0236] The mobile body is a movable object that can move at any speed and naturally includes cases where the mobile body is stationary. Examples of the mobile body include, but are not limited to, vehicles, transport vehicles, automobiles, motorcycles, bicycles, connected cars, excavators, bulldozers, wheel loaders, dump trucks, forklifts, trains, buses, handcars, rickshaws, ships and other watercraft, airplanes, rockets, satellites, drones, multicopters, quadcopters, balloons, and objects mounted thereon. The mobile body may also be a mobile body that moves autonomously based on an operation command.

[0237] The mobile object may be a vehicle (e.g., a car, an airplane, etc.), an unmanned mobile object (e.g., a drone, an autonomous vehicle, etc.), or a robot (manned or unmanned). Note that at least one of the base station and the mobile station may also include devices that do not necessarily move during communication operations. For example, at least one of the base station and the mobile station may be an Internet of Things (IoT) device such as a sensor.

[0238] 23 is a diagram showing an example of a vehicle according to an embodiment. A vehicle 40 includes a drive unit 41, a steering unit 42, an accelerator pedal 43, a brake pedal 44, a shift lever 45, left and right front wheels 46, left and right rear wheels 47, axles 48, an electronic control unit 49, various sensors (including a current sensor 50, an RPM sensor 51, an air pressure sensor 52, a vehicle speed sensor 53, an acceleration sensor 54, an accelerator pedal sensor 55, a brake pedal sensor 56, a shift lever sensor 57, and an object detection sensor 58), an information service unit 59, and a communication module 60.

[0239] The drive unit 41 is configured with at least one of an engine, a motor, and a hybrid of an engine and a motor, for example. The steering unit 42 includes at least a steering wheel (also called a handle) and is configured to steer at least one of the front wheels 46 and the rear wheels 47 based on the operation of the steering wheel operated by the user.

[0240] The electronic control unit 49 is composed of a microprocessor 61, memory (ROM, RAM) 62, and a communication port (e.g., an input / output (IO) port) 63. Signals are input to the electronic control unit 49 from various sensors 50-58 provided in the vehicle. The electronic control unit 49 may also be called an Electronic Control Unit (ECU).

[0241] The signals from the various sensors 50-58 include a current signal from a current sensor 50 that senses the current of the motor, a rotation speed signal of the front wheels 46 / rear wheels 47 obtained by a rotation speed sensor 51, an air pressure signal of the front wheels 46 / rear wheels 47 obtained by an air pressure sensor 52, a vehicle speed signal obtained by a vehicle speed sensor 53, an acceleration signal obtained by an acceleration sensor 54, a depression amount signal of the accelerator pedal 43 obtained by an accelerator pedal sensor 55, a depression amount signal of the brake pedal 44 obtained by a brake pedal sensor 56, an operation signal of the shift lever 45 obtained by a shift lever sensor 57, and a detection signal for detecting obstacles, vehicles, pedestrians, etc. obtained by an object detection sensor 58.

[0242] The information service unit 59 is composed of various devices, such as a car navigation system, an audio system, speakers, a display, a television, and a radio, for providing (outputting) various information such as driving information, traffic information, and entertainment information, and one or more ECUs for controlling these devices. The information service unit 59 uses information acquired from external devices via the communication module 60 or the like to provide various information / services (for example, multimedia information / multimedia services) to the occupants of the vehicle 40.

[0243] The information service unit 59 may include input devices (e.g., keyboards, mice, microphones, switches, buttons, sensors, touch panels, etc.) that accept input from the outside, and may also include output devices (e.g., displays, speakers, LED lamps, touch panels, etc.) that output to the outside.

[0244] The driving assistance system unit 64 is configured with various devices that provide functions for preventing accidents and reducing the driver's driving burden, such as millimeter-wave radar, Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR), cameras, positioning locators (e.g., Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)), map information (e.g., High Definition (HD) maps, Autonomous Vehicle (AV) maps), gyro systems (e.g., Inertial Measurement Units (IMUs), Inertial Navigation Systems (INSs)), Artificial Intelligence (AI) chips, and AI processors, as well as one or more ECUs that control these devices. The driving assistance system unit 64 also transmits and receives various information via the communication module 60 to realize driving assistance functions or autonomous driving functions.

[0245] The communication module 60 can communicate with the microprocessor 61 and components of the vehicle 40 via the communication port 63. For example, the communication module 60 transmits and receives data (information) via the communication port 63 to and from the drive unit 41, steering unit 42, accelerator pedal 43, brake pedal 44, shift lever 45, left and right front wheels 46, left and right rear wheels 47, axles 48, the microprocessor 61 and memory (ROM, RAM) 62 in the electronic control unit 49, and the various sensors 50-58, which are provided in the vehicle 40.

[0246] The communication module 60 is a communication device that can be controlled by the microprocessor 61 of the electronic control unit 49 and can communicate with an external device. For example, it transmits and receives various information to and from the external device via wireless communication. The communication module 60 may be located either inside or outside the electronic control unit 49. The external device may be, for example, the above-mentioned base station 10 or user terminal 20. Furthermore, the communication module 60 may be, for example, at least one of the above-mentioned base station 10 and user terminal 20 (or may function as at least one of the base station 10 and user terminal 20).

[0247] The communication module 60 may transmit at least one of signals from the above-mentioned various sensors 50-58 input to the electronic control unit 49, information obtained based on the signals, and information based on input from the outside (user) obtained via the information service unit 59 to an external device via wireless communication. The electronic control unit 49, the various sensors 50-58, the information service unit 59, etc. may be referred to as input units that accept input. For example, the PUSCH transmitted by the communication module 60 may include information based on the above-mentioned input.

[0248] The communication module 60 receives various information (traffic information, traffic signal information, vehicle distance information, etc.) transmitted from external devices and displays it on an information service unit 59 provided in the vehicle. The information service unit 59 may also be called an output unit that outputs information (for example, outputs information to a device such as a display or speaker based on the PDSCH received by the communication module 60 (or data / information decoded from the PDSCH)).

[0249] Furthermore, the communication module 60 stores various information received from external devices in a memory 62 that can be used by the microprocessor 61. Based on the information stored in the memory 62, the microprocessor 61 may control the drive unit 41, steering unit 42, accelerator pedal 43, brake pedal 44, shift lever 45, left and right front wheels 46, left and right rear wheels 47, axles 48, various sensors 50-58, and the like provided in the vehicle 40.

[0250] Furthermore, a base station in the present disclosure may be read as a user terminal. For example, the aspects / embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied to a configuration in which communication between a base station and a user terminal is replaced with communication between multiple user terminals (which may be called, for example, Device-to-Device (D2D) or Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X)). In this case, the user terminal 20 may be configured to have the functions of the base station 10 described above. Furthermore, terms such as "uplink" and "downlink" may be read as terms corresponding to terminal-to-terminal communication (for example, "sidelink"). For example, terms such as uplink channel and downlink channel may be read as sidelink channel.

[0251] Similarly, the user terminal in the present disclosure may be read as a base station, in which case the base station 10 may be configured to have the functions of the user terminal 20 described above.

[0252] In the present disclosure, an operation described as being performed by a base station may be performed by its upper node in some cases. It is apparent that in a network including one or more network nodes having a base station, various operations performed for communication with a terminal may be performed by the base station, one or more network nodes other than the base station (such as, but not limited to, a Mobility Management Entity (MME) and a Serving-Gateway (S-GW)), or a combination thereof.

[0253] Each aspect / embodiment described in this disclosure may be used alone, in combination, or switched depending on the implementation. Furthermore, the order of the processing procedures, sequences, flowcharts, etc. of each aspect / embodiment described in this disclosure may be changed unless inconsistent. For example, the methods described in this disclosure present elements of various steps using an example order, and are not limited to the specific order presented.

[0254] Each aspect / embodiment described in the present disclosure may be a technology other than Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), LTE-Beyond (LTE-B), SUPER 3G, IMT-Advanced, 4th generation mobile communication system (4G), 5th generation mobile communication system (5G), 6th generation mobile communication system (6G), xth generation mobile communication system (xG (x is, for example, an integer or decimal number)), Future Radio Access (FRA), New-Radio Access Technology (RAT), New Radio (NR), New radio access (NX), Future generation radio access (FX), Global System for Mobile communications (GSM (registered trademark)), CDMA2000, Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE The present invention may be applied to systems that use 802.20, Ultra-WideBand (UWB), Bluetooth (registered trademark), or other appropriate wireless communication methods, or to next-generation systems that are expanded, modified, created, or defined based on these. It may also be applied to a combination of multiple systems (e.g., a combination of LTE or LTE-A and 5G).

[0255] As used in this disclosure, the phrase "based on" does not mean "based only on," unless expressly stated otherwise. In other words, the phrase "based on" means both "based only on" and "based at least on."

[0256] As used in this disclosure, any reference to an element using a designation such as "first," "second," etc. does not generally limit the quantity or order of those elements. These designations may be used in this disclosure as a convenient method of distinguishing between two or more elements. Thus, a reference to a first and a second element does not imply that only two elements may be employed or that the first element must in some way precede the second element.

[0257] The term "determining," as used in this disclosure, may encompass a wide variety of actions. For example, "determining" may be considered to be judging, calculating, computing, processing, deriving, investigating, looking up, search, inquiry (e.g., looking up in a table, database, or another data structure), ascertaining, etc.

[0258] Additionally, "determining" may be considered to be "determining" receiving (e.g., receiving information), transmitting (e.g., sending information), input, output, accessing (e.g., accessing data in memory), etc.

[0259] Furthermore, "determination" may be considered to be "determining" resolving, selecting, choosing, establishing, comparing, etc. In other words, "determination" may be considered to be "determining" some action. In the present disclosure, "determination" may be read interchangeably with the above-mentioned actions.

[0260] Furthermore, in this disclosure, "determine / determining" may be interchangeably read as "assume / assuming," "expect / expecting," "consider / considering," etc. Furthermore, in this disclosure, "does not expect to do..." may be interchangeably read as "assumes not to do...."

[0261] In the present disclosure, "expect" may be interchangeably read as "be expected." For example, "expect(s) ..." ("..." may be expressed, for example, as a that clause, a to-infinitive, etc.) may be interchangeably read as "be expected ...," "do ... (if the above "..." is a to-infinitive, a verb with "to")," etc. "does not expect ..." may be interchangeably read as "be not expected ...," "does not ... (if the above "..." is a to-infinitive, a verb with "to")," etc. Furthermore, "An apparatus A is not expected ..." may be interchangeably read as "an apparatus B other than apparatus A does not expect ... from apparatus A" (for example, if apparatus A is a UE, apparatus B may be a base station).

[0262] The "maximum transmit power" in this disclosure may mean the maximum value of transmit power, the nominal UE maximum transmit power, or the rated UE maximum transmit power.

[0263] As used in this disclosure, the terms "connected," "coupled," or any variation thereof, refer to any direct or indirect connection or coupling between two or more elements, and may include the presence of one or more intermediate elements between two elements that are "connected" or "coupled" to each other. The coupling or connection between elements may be physical, logical, or a combination thereof. For example, "connected" may be read as "access."

[0264] In this disclosure, when two elements are connected, they may be considered to be "connected" or "coupled" to one another using one or more wires, cables, printed electrical connections, etc., as well as using electromagnetic energy having wavelengths in the radio frequency range, microwave range, light (both visible and invisible) range, etc., as some non-limiting and non-exhaustive examples.

[0265] In the present disclosure, the term "A and B are different" may mean "A and B are different from each other." The term may also mean "A and B are each different from C." Terms such as "separate" and "coupled" may also be interpreted in the same way as "different."

[0266] When used in this disclosure, the terms "include," "including," and variations thereof are intended to be inclusive, similar to the term "comprising." Furthermore, when used in this disclosure, the term "or" is not intended to be an exclusive or.

[0267] In this disclosure, where articles are added by translation, such as a, an, and the in English, the disclosure may include that the nouns following these articles are in the plural form.

[0268] In the present disclosure, terms such as "less than or equal to," "less than," "greater than," "more than," "equal to," etc. may be interchangeable. Furthermore, in the present disclosure, terms meaning "good," "bad," "big," "small," "high," "low," "fast," "slow," "wide," "narrow," etc. may be interchangeable, not limited to the positive, comparative, and superlative. Furthermore, in the present disclosure, terms meaning "good," "bad," "big," "small," "high," "low," "fast," "slow," "wide," "narrow," etc. may be interchangeable, not limited to the positive, comparative, and superlative, as expressions with the prefix "i-th" (i is any integer) (for example, "highest" may be interchangeable as "i-th highest").

[0269] In this disclosure, the terms "of," "for," "regarding," "related to," "associated with," etc. may be read interchangeably.

[0270] In the present disclosure, terms such as "when A, B," "if A, (then) B," "B upon A," "B in response to A," "B based on A," "B during / while A," "B before A," "B at (the same time as) / on A," "B after A," "B since A," and "B until A" may be interchangeable. Note that A, B, and the like herein may be replaced with appropriate expressions, such as nouns, gerunds, and regular sentences, depending on the context. Note that the time difference between A and B may be nearly zero (immediately after or immediately before). A time offset may be applied to the time at which A occurs. For example, "A" may be interchangeable with "before / after the time offset at which A occurs." The time offset (eg, one or more symbols / slots) may be predefined or may be specified by the UE based on signaled information.

[0271] In the present disclosure, timing, time, duration, time instance, any time unit (e.g., slot, subslot, symbol, subframe), period, occasion, resource, etc. may be read interchangeably.

[0272] Although the invention according to the present disclosure has been described in detail above, it is clear to those skilled in the art that the invention according to the present disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described in the present disclosure. The description of the present disclosure is for illustrative purposes only and does not impose any limiting meaning on the invention according to the present disclosure.

Claims

1. a receiver for receiving a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) configuration and a downlink control information (DCI) for scheduling a shared channel; A terminal having a control unit that determines whether an additional DMRS based on the setting is applied based on the setting and a field value of an antenna port field in the DCI.

2. The control unit determines a resource for the DMRS based on an association between a plurality of field values ​​of the antenna port field and a plurality of parameter values ​​of a parameter; the association includes associating a first field value of the antenna port field with a first parameter value of the parameter, and associating a second field value of the antenna port field with the first parameter value of the parameter; If the antenna port field indicates the first field value, the controller determines that the additional DMRS is applied; The terminal of claim 1 , wherein, when the antenna port field indicates the second field value, the controller determines that the additional DMRS is not applied.

3. The control unit determines a resource for the DMRS based on an association between a plurality of field values ​​of the antenna port field and a plurality of parameter values ​​of a parameter; the association includes associating a first field value of the antenna port field with a first parameter value of the parameter, and associating a second field value of the antenna port field with the first parameter value of the parameter; If the antenna port field indicates the first field value, the controller determines that the additional DMRS is applied; The terminal of claim 1 , wherein, when the antenna port field indicates the second field value, the control unit determines that the DMRS is applied in fewer symbols than symbols based on the configuration.

4. The setting indicates a position of the DMRS and a maximum length of the DMRS; The terminal according to claim 1 , wherein if the setting satisfies a condition, the shared channel has two codewords, and the field value is a specific value, the control unit determines that the additional DMRS is not applied.

5. receiving a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) configuration and receiving downlink control information (DCI) scheduling a shared channel; and determining whether an additional DMRS based on the setting is to be applied based on the setting and a field value of an antenna port field in the DCI.

6. a transmitter for receiving a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) configuration and transmitting downlink control information (DCI) for scheduling a shared channel; A base station having a control unit that determines whether an additional DMRS based on the setting is applied based on the setting and a field value of an antenna port field in the DCI.

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