Terminal, radio communication method, and base station

Abstract

To improve communication throughput / communication quality.SOLUTION: A terminal according to an aspect of the present disclosure has: a control section that controls measurement for inference result reporting (IR) and measurement for performance monitoring reporting (PR); and a transmission section that transmits the IR and the PR. The control section calculates a performance index on the basis of the inference result and the measurement for the PR.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a terminal, a wireless communication method, and a base station in a next-generation mobile communication system. [Background technology]

[0002] In Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) networks, Long Term Evolution (LTE) has been specified with the aim of achieving higher data rates and lower latency (Non-Patent Document 1). Also, LTE-Advanced (3GPP Rel. 10-14) has been specified with the aim of achieving higher capacity and more advanced features than LTE (Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP (registered trademark)) Release (Rel.) 8, 9).

[0003] Successor systems to LTE (e.g., 5th generation mobile communication system (5G), 5G+ (plus), 6th generation mobile communication system (6G), New Radio (NR), 3GPP Rel. 15 or later) are also being considered. [Prior art documents] [Non-patent literature]

[0004] [Non-Patent Document 1] 3GPP TS 36.300 V8.12.0 “Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) and Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN); Overall description; Stage 2 (Release 8)”, April 2010 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] Regarding future wireless communication technologies, the use of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies such as machine learning (ML) for network / device control and management is being considered.

[0006] Use cases for utilizing AI models include spatial domain downlink (DL) beam prediction and temporal DL beam prediction. Such beam prediction methods may be called AI-based beam prediction (beam reporting) or AI-based beam management (BM). Temporal DL beam prediction may be called, for example, time-domain channel state information (CSI) prediction.

[0007] In utilizing such AI, the introduction of multiple types of life cycle management (LCM) is being considered, but in some cases, this is not sufficiently considered. If this consideration is insufficient, optimal overhead reduction, channel estimation, and resource utilization cannot be achieved, which may hinder improvements in communication throughput and communication quality.

[0008] Therefore, one object of the present disclosure is to provide a terminal, a wireless communication method, and a base station that can improve communication throughput / communication quality. [Means for solving the problem]

[0009] A terminal according to one embodiment of the present disclosure has a control unit that controls measurements for inference result reports (IRs) and measurements for performance monitoring reports (PRs), and a transmission unit that transmits the IRs and the PRs, and the control unit calculates a performance index based on the inference results and measurements for the PRs. [Effects of the Invention]

[0010] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, communication throughput / communication quality can be improved. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0011] [Figure 1] Figure 1 shows an example of an LCM framework for performance monitoring using a UE-side model. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of the correspondence between the inference result report and the performance monitoring report. [Figure 3] FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of the correspondence between the inference result report and the performance monitoring report. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of the correspondence between the inference result report and the performance monitoring report. [Figure 5] FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of the correspondence between the inference result report and the performance monitoring report. [Figure 6] FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of the correspondence between the inference result report and the performance monitoring report. [Figure 7] FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example of a schematic configuration of a wireless communication system according to an embodiment. [Figure 8] FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of a base station according to an embodiment. [Figure 9] FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of a user terminal according to an embodiment. [Figure 10] FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example of the hardware configuration of a base station and a user terminal according to an embodiment. [Figure 11] FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating an example of a vehicle according to an embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0012] (Use cases of prediction using AI / ML technology) The following are examples of various predictions using AI / ML models: · Beam prediction. In beam prediction, beams / resources that achieve a greater RSRP / SINR [than a threshold] are predicted. Examples include temporal beam prediction, spatial domain beam prediction, and frequency domain beam prediction. · CSI Predictions. Examples of CSI prediction include temporal CSI prediction / spatial domain CSI prediction. For example, in spatial domain CSI prediction, CSI for a larger number of antenna ports is predicted based on a smaller number of antenna ports.

[0013] In this disclosure, beam prediction, CSI prediction, and specific prediction [using an AI / ML model] (which may simply be referred to as prediction) may be read interchangeably.

[0014] (Lifecycle Management (LCM) in UE side model) UE-assisted performance monitoring of beam prediction can be supported, and the reporting method, report contents, and reporting trigger method (whether to trigger a report based on a specific event, details of the event, etc.) are being considered.

[0015] Furthermore, the following is being considered:

[0016] In beam management (BM) Case 1 / Case 2 using the AI / ML model on the UE side, the following performance monitoring of Options 1 and 2 may be supported. Performance monitoring of Options 1 and 2 may also be referred to as Type 1 performance monitoring.

[0017] Note that BM Case 1 may be referred to as spatial domain DL beam prediction, and BM Case 2 may be referred to as temporal DL beam prediction.

[0018] Here, spatial domain DL beam prediction may mean predicting the quality of beam set #B, e.g., a dense beam, in the spatial domain based on measurements [results] of beam set #A, e.g., a sparse beam, in the spatial domain.

[0019] Temporal DL beam prediction may be prediction of the quality of a beam (future beam) at a time later than the measurement time based on measurements (results) of a past beam (historical beam).

[0020] Furthermore, a beam set may be a set including one or more beams. Note that beam set #A / #B may simply be read as set #A / #B.

[0021] <Option 1: Network performance monitoring> The UE sends a report to the NW (e.g., gNB) so that the NW can calculate a performance metric. That is, the NW calculates the performance metric.

[0022] The report content may include the L1-RSRP / RS index as a measurement result from the resource set for monitoring, but is not limited to these and may include other content.

[0023] Reporting can be configured / triggered at least by the NW.

[0024] <Option 2: UE-assisted performance monitoring> The UE calculates the performance indicators. In Option 2, there is room for further consideration of the reporting method / contents.

[0025] Regarding whether to trigger a report based on a specific event for Option 1 / 2, in Option 2, there is room for further consideration regarding the reporting method / reporting content.

[0026] Furthermore, Type 2 performance monitoring is also under consideration.

[0027] Figure 1 is an example of the LCM framework for performance monitoring using the UE-side model. The LCM procedure may include the six steps shown below. Note that some of the steps (performance reporting / model request) shown in Figure 1 may be omitted. Also, the order of the steps is just an example.

[0028] <RS measurement> In this step, RS (CSI-RS / SSB) for prediction (input to the AI model) and performance monitoring is measured.

[0029] <Performance monitoring> In this step, the performance of the model and the fallback scheme is monitored.

[0030] <UE-side model evaluation> In this step, the monitored / reported performance is compared.

[0031] <Performance reporting> In this step, the monitored performance is reported as required.

[0032] <Model request> In this step, the UE requests the NW as needed regarding which model to apply / which fallback scheme to apply.

[0033] <Model activation / deactivation> In this step, it is indicated which scheme is activated / whether to activate a specific model. Note that after this step, it may return to the RS measurement step.

[0034] In the present disclosure, lifecycle management and performance monitoring may be read interchangeably.

[0035] (Performance index depending on the type of prediction) <Beam prediction> (Definition of terms) The terms related to beam prediction in the present disclosure are listed below:

[0036] Actual top-K beam. The actual top K beams may refer to the top K (K is 1 or greater) resources / beams among a set of resources / beams that achieve the maximum RSRP / SINR based on measurements [of the corresponding set of resources / beams].

[0037] Predicted top-K beam. The predicted top K beams may refer to the top K (K is 1 or greater) resources / beams among a set of resources / beams that achieve the highest RSRP / SINR based on UE-side predictions (for the corresponding set of resources / beams), which may be performed together with measurements.

[0038] Current beam. The current beam may refer to a resource / beam corresponding to a QCL RS in the indicated TCI state, or a resource / beam corresponding to an RS (e.g., SSB) that is in a QCL relationship (QCLed) with a QCL RS in the indicated TCI state.

[0039] Measured RSRP. Measured RSRP may refer to an RSRP / SINR value based on measurements of a particular beam / resource.

[0040] Predicted RSRP. The predicted RSRP may refer to the RSRP / SINR value of a particular beam / resource derived based on a UE-side prediction, which may be performed together with measurements.

[0041] (Definition of performance indicators) The performance index for beam prediction may exhibit values ​​of at least one of the following options:

[0042] (Opt1) Percentage / probability that the predicted top-K beams contain the actual top-1 beam.

[0043] (Opt2) The percentage / probability that the predicted top K beam is (will be) equal to the actual top K beam.

[0044] (Opt3) The percentage / probability that the predicted top 1 beam is included in the actual top K beams.

[0045] (Opt4) The difference (difference value) between the measured RSRP of at least one of the predicted top K beams and the measured RSRP of the actual top 1 beam (which may also be called the RSRP difference).

[0046] (Opt5) The difference between the predicted RSRP of the predicted top K beam and the measured RSRP of the predicted top K beam (may also be referred to as the predicted RSRP difference).

[0047] (Opt6) The difference between the predicted RSRP of the predicted top K beam and the measured RSRP of the current beam.

[0048] (Opt7) The hypothetical Block Error Rate (BLER) for PDSCH transmission with (including) one of the predicted top K beams.

[0049] (Opt8) [Hypothetical] BLER for PDSCH transmission with (including) one of the top K measured beams.

[0050] (Opt9) [Virtual] BLER for PDSCH transmission with (including) the current beam.

[0051] (Opt10) Difference between Opt7 to Opt9. For example, the difference between Opt8 and Opt7 (the difference between the [virtual] BLER for the PDSCH transmission with (including one of) the measured top K beams and the [virtual] BLER for the PDSCH transmission with (including one of) the predicted top K beams).

[0052] For Opt7 to Opt10, the assumptions (e.g., MCS, resource allocation) used for BLER calculation may be specified / configured / indicated / reported.

[0053] (Opt11) A range of Y% confidence levels for the predicted RSRP (e.g., a range around the predicted RSRP that the measured RSRP falls within Y%), or a confidence level for the predicted RSRP over a range T (e.g., the percentage / probability that the measured RSRP falls within range T around the predicted RSRP).

[0054] (Opt12) The percentage / probability that the specific difference value indicated by Opt4 / 5 / 6 / 10 is greater / smaller than the specified value X [dB].

[0055] (Opt13) The range of Y% confidence level for the specific value (BLER) indicated in Opt7 to Opt9 (e.g., the range in which the corresponding specific BLER falls within Y%), or the confidence for range T (e.g., the percentage / probability that the corresponding specific BLER falls within range T).

[0056] (Opt14) The ratio / probability that the ranking / ordering of the predicted top K beams is the same as that of the actual top K beams.

[0057] (Note) In the present disclosure, the ratio and the probability may be read as each other.

[0058] In the present disclosure, the performance metric[s] and the Key Performance Indicator (KPI) may be read as each other.

[0059] In each of the above options, the metric may be a hypothetical KPI or a measured KPI.

[0060] In the case of a hypothetical KPI, the KPI may be calculated based on the estimated value [and measured value] of the UE. For example, the ratio / probability of Opt1 may be based on the estimation of the UE.

[0061] In the case of a measured KPI, the KPI may be calculated based on the measured value and the predicted value. For example, the ratio / probability of Opt1 may be based on the measured value.

[0062] The specific parameters (K, X, Y, T) in each of the above options may be predefined by the specification, set / instructed by upper layer signaling / physical layer signaling, or determined (reported) according to the UE capabilities.

[0063] The performance metric for beam prediction may mean a specific parameter included in / associated with a certain PDSCH [transmission].

[0064] <CSI Prediction> (Definition of the text) The text related to the CSI prediction of the present disclosure is listed as follows.

[0065] · Predictive CSI. The predicted CSI may refer to CSI based on prediction on the UE side, such as a precoding matrix, a channel matrix, a channel quality, and a rank of the precoding matrix.

[0066] The UE-side prediction may be performed together with measurements, or may be performed using a specific non-AI / AI algorithm (prediction associated with a specific model).

[0067] ·Reference CSI. Reference CSI may refer to CSI based on measurements. For example, the reference CSI may include a precoding matrix, a channel matrix, a channel quality, a rank of a precoding matrix, etc. The reference CSI may be used to calculate a performance indicator using predicted CSI.

[0068] The UE may determine the measurement occasion to be used for calculation of the reference CSI according to rules predefined by the specification, configured / instructed / reported parameters.

[0069] Reference CSI may refer to quantized CSI (eg, CSI represented by a particular codebook type, such as a type 2 codebook).

[0070] (Definition of performance indicators) The performance indicator for CSI prediction may exhibit values ​​of at least one of the following options:

[0071] (Opt1) The difference (difference / similarity) between the predicted CSI and the reference CSI. Examples include various cosine similarities (squared generalized cosine similarity (SGCS) / generalized cosine similarity (GCS)), normalized mean square error (NMSE) / mean square error (MSE), etc.

[0072] (Opt2) [Hypothetical] BLER for PDSCH transmission with / including / utilizing predicted CSI.

[0073] (Opt3) [Hypothetical] BLER for PDSCH transmission with / including / utilizing reference CSI.

[0074] (Opt4) [Hypothetical] BLER for PDSCH transmissions with / including / utilizing CSI reporting of a particular type (Type 1 / 2 or Extended Type 2).

[0075] (Opt5) Channel quality information (CQI) / Rank Indicator (RI) for PDSCH transmission with / including / utilizing predicted CSI.

[0076] (Opt6) CQI / RI for PDSCH transmission with / including / utilizing reference CSI.

[0077] (Opt7) CQI / RI for PDSCH transmissions with / including / utilizing CSI reporting of a particular type (Type 1 / 2 or Extended Type 2).

[0078] (Opt8) Differences between Opt2 to Opt4. For example, differences between the same options that have different derivation methods applied may be applied (the difference between predicted CSI (Opt2) via / using a model ID and predicted CSI (Opt2) via / using a specific non-AI algorithm).

[0079] (Opt9) Y% confidence range of the specific value (BLER) indicated by Opt2 to Opt4 (e.g., the range in which the corresponding specific BLER falls within Y%). Alternatively, confidence for range T (e.g., the percentage / probability that the corresponding specific BLER falls within range T).

[0080] (Note) The specific parameters (Y, T) in each of the above options may be predefined by the specification, may be set / indicated by higher layer signaling / physical layer signaling, or may be determined (reported) according to the UE capabilities.

[0081] For Opt2 to Opt8, the assumptions (e.g., MCS, resource allocation) used for BLER calculation may be specified / configured / indicated / reported.

[0082] A performance indicator for CSI prediction may refer to a specific parameter included in / associated with a certain PDSCH [transmission].

[0083] (CSI Reference Resources) The [existing] CSI reference resource for a serving cell may be defined as follows:

[0084] The frequency domain of the CSI reference resource may be (correspond to) the band to which the derived CSI is associated.

[0085] The time domain of the CSI reference resource is the CSI report in UL slot n' for a single DL slot nn CSI_ref may be (correspond to).

[0086] In periodic / semi-persistent / non-periodic CSI reporting, n CSI_ref may mean the smallest value greater than or equal to a predetermined value corresponding to a valid DL slot.

[0087] For aperiodic CSI reporting, the UE is instructed by the DCI to report CSI in the same slot as the CSI request [resource]. CSI_ref may be the same slot as the CSI request [resource].

[0088] (Calculation of processed performance index) The UE may process the previously calculated performance indicators or may calculate processed performance indicators, i.e., the UE may perform certain processing on the previously calculated performance indicators.

[0089] Specifically, the UE may calculate / process the performance indicators based on the following options:

[0090] (Opt1) The UE may calculate a processed performance indicator based on the performance indicator at a certain occasion / timing. For example, the processed performance indicator may be the performance indicator of the first embodiment. That is, the UE may treat the previously calculated performance indicator as the processed performance indicator as is. In other words, the UE does not need to perform any processing on the previously calculated performance indicator.

[0091] (Opt2) The UE may calculate a processed performance indicator based on the performance indicators at multiple occasions / timings.

[0092] Specifically, the UE may calculate the average value of the multiple performance indicators (at different timings) calculated in step #1, and treat the average value as the processed performance indicator.

[0093] The exact performance indicators to be averaged (number of performance indicators to be averaged, timer for indicating the target, etc.) may be predefined by the specification, set / indicated by higher layer / physical layer signaling, or reported.

[0094] (Opt3) The UE may calculate a processed performance indicator based on the performance indicators at multiple occasions / timings.

[0095] Specifically, the UE may calculate a processed performance indicator by applying a specific formula to the multiple performance indicators (at different timings) calculated in step #1.

[0096] The specific formula may be predefined by the specification, and for example, a formula similar to that used in existing L3 filtering (see the following formula) may be applied. F n =(1-a)*F n-1 +a*M n

[0097] where F n may represent the processed performance index (the filtered updated version of the performance index). n-1 may represent the past [filtered] performance index. M n may represent the latest received performance indicator. a represents a specific coefficient (which may be called a scaling factor), which may be predefined by the specification or set / indicated by higher layer / physical layer signaling.

[0098] For example, the processed performance index (F n ) is the performance index (i.e., F n-1 , or M n ) may be determined based on the

[0099] In addition, the processed performance index (F n) may be determined based on the sum of the performance index and a scaling factor (i.e., a) depending on the measurement time used to calculate the performance index or the calculation time of the performance index (the time required for the calculation).

[0100] Processed performance index (F n A method for determining the number of performance indicators required for the calculation of (1), i.e., a method for selecting the multiple performance indicators, may follow at least one of the following methods:

[0101] · Number of samples as directed by predefined / set / directed / reported parameters. A time window (length / start timing / end timing) dictated by predefined / set / instructed / reported parameters.

[0102] In this way, by performing specific processing on the performance index previously calculated by the UE, it is possible to apply a more accurate performance index to LCM (performance monitoring).

[0103] (analysis) For certain use cases utilizing AI / ML technologies (e.g., beam prediction), it is being considered to follow the existing CSI framework for performance monitoring reports (PRs, described below).

[0104] For example, performance monitoring reports and inference result reports (IRs, described below) are linked (associated / associated) via a report setting ID.

[0105] More specifically, in a dedicated CSI reporting configuration used for monitoring, a resource set and reporting configuration dedicated to monitoring may be configured.

[0106] In addition, in order to link the performance monitoring report and the inference result report, an ID of the inference result report can be set in the monitoring settings.

[0107] Furthermore, the performance monitoring report value is derived based on at least one of a performance metric (PM, hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as PM) instance corresponding to one inference result and a transmission opportunity for performance monitoring.

[0108] Here, it is necessary to clarify the correspondence between the inference results and the measurements for performance monitoring. It is also necessary to consider whether the PM instance is valid for each reporting instance.

[0109] If these are not clear, it is expected that appropriate performance monitoring (LCM) will not be possible, which may result in suppressing improvements in communication throughput / quality.

[0110] Therefore, the present inventors came up with a method for solving these problems.

[0111] (Various reading changes) In this disclosure, words enclosed in "()" in a sentence may indicate an explanation of the immediately preceding wording (for example, an explanation of spelling), a paraphrase, a specific example, a supplementary explanation, etc. Also, in this disclosure, words enclosed in "[ ]" in a sentence may be interpreted including the meaning of the entire sentence, or may be interpreted excluding the meaning of the entire sentence (ignoring the meaning of the entire sentence). Note that "()" and "[ ]" may also be used for purposes / meanings other than those mentioned above.

[0112] In the present disclosure, "A / B" and "at least one of A and B" may be interpreted interchangeably. Also, in the present disclosure, "A / B / C" may mean "at least one of A, B, and C."

[0113] In the present disclosure, terms such as notify, activate, deactivate, indicate (or indicate), select, configure, update, and determine may be interchangeable. In the present disclosure, terms such as support, control, controllable, operate, and operate may be interchangeable.

[0114] In the present disclosure, Radio Resource Control (RRC), RRC parameters, RRC messages, higher layer parameters, fields, information elements (IEs), settings, etc. may be interchangeable. In the present disclosure, Medium Access Control (MAC) control elements (CEs), update commands, activation / deactivation commands, etc. may be interchangeable.

[0115] In the present disclosure, the higher layer signaling may be, for example, any one of Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, Medium Access Control (MAC) signaling, broadcast information, other messages (e.g., messages from the core network such as positioning protocol (e.g., NR Positioning Protocol A (NRPPa) / LTE Positioning Protocol (LPP)) messages), or a combination thereof.

[0116] In the present disclosure, MAC signaling may use, for example, a MAC Control Element (MAC CE), a MAC Protocol Data Unit (PDU), etc. Broadcast information may be, for example, a Master Information Block (MIB), a System Information Block (SIB), Remaining Minimum System Information (RMSI), Other System Information (OSI), etc.

[0117] In the present disclosure, physical layer signaling may be, for example, Downlink Control Information (DCI), Uplink Control Information (UCI), and the like.

[0118] In this disclosure, the terms index, identifier (ID), indicator, resource ID, etc. may be interchangeable. In this disclosure, the terms sequence, list, set, group, cluster, subset, etc. may be interchangeable.

[0119] In this disclosure, the terms panel, UE panel, panel group, beam, beam group, precoder, Uplink (UL) transmitting entity, Transmission / Reception Point (TRP), base station, Spatial Relation Information (SRI), spatial relation, SRS Resource Indicator (SRI), Control Resource Set (CORESET), Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH), Codeword (CW), Transport Block (TB), Reference Signal (RS), antenna port (e.g., Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS) port), antenna port group (e.g., DMRS port group), group (e.g., spatial relation group, Code Division Multiplexing (CDM) group, reference signal group, CORESET group, Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) group, PUCCH resource group), resource (e.g., reference signal resource, SRS resource), resource set (e.g., reference signal resource set), CORESET pool, downlink Transmission Configuration Indication state (TCI state) (DL TCI state), uplink TCI state (UL TCI state), unified TCI state, common TCI state, Quasi-Co-Location (QCL), QCL assumption, etc. may be read as interchangeable.

[0120] In the present disclosure, CSI-RS, non-zero power (NZP) CSI-RS, zero power (ZP) CSI-RS, and CSI interference measurement (CSI-IM) may be interchangeable. Furthermore, CSI-RS may include other reference signals.

[0121] In this disclosure, the measured / reported RS may refer to the RS measured / reported for a CSI report.

[0122] In the present disclosure, timing, time, duration, slot, subslot, symbol, subframe, etc. may be read interchangeably.

[0123] In the present disclosure, the terms direction, axis, dimension, domain, polarization, polarization component, etc. may be read interchangeably.

[0124] In this disclosure, estimation, prediction, and inference may be used interchangeably. Also, in this disclosure, estimate, predict, and infer may be used interchangeably.

[0125] In the present disclosure, the terms autoencoder, encoder, decoder, etc. may be replaced with at least one of a model, an ML model, a neural network model, an AI model, an AI algorithm, etc. Furthermore, the term autoencoder may be replaced with any autoencoder, such as a stacked autoencoder or a convolutional autoencoder. The encoder / decoder of the present disclosure may employ a model such as a Residual Network (ResNet), a DenseNet, or a RefineNet.

[0126] In the present disclosure, the terms bit, bit string, bit sequence, sequence, value, information, value obtained from a bit, information obtained from a bit, etc. may be read interchangeably.

[0127] In the present disclosure, a layer (for an encoder) may be interchangeably read as a layer (such as an input layer or an intermediate layer) used in an AI model. The layer in the present disclosure may correspond to at least one of an input layer, an intermediate layer, an output layer, a batch normalization layer, a convolutional layer, an activation layer, a dense layer, a normalization layer, a pooling layer, an attention layer, a dropout layer, a fully connected layer, etc.

[0128] In the present disclosure, RSRP may be interchangeably read as any parameter related to received power / received quality, etc. (for example, RSRQ, SINR, CSI), etc.

[0129] In the present disclosure, the RS may be, for example, a CSI-RS, an SS / PBCH block (SS block (SSB)), etc. Also, the RS index may be a CSI-RS Resource Indicator (CRI), an SS / PBCH Block Indicator (SSBRI), etc.

[0130] In the present disclosure, channel measurement / estimation may be performed using at least one of, for example, a Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS), a Synchronization Signal (SS), a Synchronization Signal / Physical Broadcast Channel (SS / PBCH) block, a Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS), a Sounding Reference Signal (SRS), etc.

[0131] In the present disclosure, the terms "receive beam assumption," "number of receive beams," "index of receive beam," "receive beam selection," "receive beam setting," and "receive beam instruction" may be interchangeable. In the present disclosure, the terms "receive beam," "transmit beam," "DL receive beam," "DL transmit beam," and "pair of transmit beam and receive beam" may be interchangeable. In the present disclosure, the terms "transmit / receive beam" may be interchangeable with the terms "transmit / receive beam for beam prediction" and "transmit / receive beam for CSI measurement / reporting for beam prediction."

[0132] In this disclosure, functionality may refer to the use of a model or the physical meaning of the model's input / output. Multiple models may have the same functionality. Monitoring (checking performance), activation, deactivation, switching, fallback, and updating may be instructed (controlled) based on the functionality (e.g., for each function).

[0133] In this disclosure, functionality may refer to features (requiring AI / ML capabilities) (e.g., reporting information based on CSI prediction / CSI compression / temporal beam prediction / spatial domain beam prediction).

[0134] A model ID may also refer to an identifier for a model (or a set of models). Multiple models may be assigned the same model ID in an actual deployment. In this case, these models may actually be different models (e.g., have different numbers of layers) but may be treated as the same model.

[0135] In the present disclosure, the model ID may be interchangeably read as a meta information (or a set of meta information) ID. The meta information (or meta information ID) may be associated with information about the applicability of the model / function, the environment, the UE / gNB configuration, etc.

[0136] In this disclosure, functionality, functionality, function ID, model, and model ID may be read interchangeably.

[0137] In the present disclosure, an ID may represent an ID corresponding to (for identifying) at least one of a dataset, a model, and a property of a channel / RS. That is, in the present disclosure, an ID, a dataset ID, a model ID, and a property ID of a channel / RS may be read as interchangeable.

[0138] In the present disclosure, the terms "report initiation" and "report trigger" may be read interchangeably.

[0139] In the present disclosure, the prediction result and the monitoring output may be interpreted as interchangeable.

[0140] In the present disclosure, measurement [result / value], measurement [result / value], and measurement may be read interchangeably.

[0141] In the present disclosure, top X may be read interchangeably as top X items.

[0142] In this disclosure, a time instance may mean the [first / middle / last] slot / symbol / subframe / millisecond.

[0143] In the present disclosure, latest and latest may be read interchangeably. Similarly, oldest and earliest may be read interchangeably.

[0144] In the present disclosure, resources and measurement resources may be read interchangeably.

[0145] (Wireless communication method) The present disclosure relates to calculation of performance indicators related to prediction and can be broadly divided into the following embodiments. First embodiment: Correspondence (mapping) between measurements and inference results for performance indicators. Second embodiment: Periodic limits / constraints / conditions on IR and PR. Third embodiment: Processing of performance indicators (processed performance indicators).

[0146] Each embodiment will be described below based on these. Each embodiment / option may be applied alone or in combination.

[0147] In this disclosure, beam prediction / CSI prediction is mainly exemplified as a use case of utilizing an AI model. However, the present disclosure is not limited to this and can also be applied to other use cases (e.g., cell prediction). In this case, beam may be read as cell.

[0148] In the present disclosure, the RS resource may be interchangeably referred to as a simple resource or a measurement resource. In the following embodiments, the RS resource is exemplified as a CSI-RS resource, but is not limited thereto. The RS resource may also refer to a resource of another RS.

[0149] In the present disclosure, a subset of RS resources may include some (multiple / some) RSs (resources) in a resource set. A subset of RS resources may include one or more (at least one) RSs (resources).

[0150] In this disclosure, the beams / RS associated with the output (prediction result) of the AI ​​model may be referred to as set A. The beams / RS associated with the input of the AI ​​model may be referred to as set B.

[0151] More specifically, in the case of beam prediction / CSI prediction, Set A / Set B may be interchangeably read as Resource A / Resource B, respectively. Resource A may refer to a resource related to a predicted value. Resource B may refer to a resource measured to derive a predicted value (i.e., a resource related to a measurement value).

[0152] In addition, in the case of CSI prediction, set A / set B may be interchangeably read as antenna port A / antenna port B, respectively. Antenna port A may refer to the antenna port associated with the predicted value (predicted CSI). Antenna port B may refer to the antenna port measured to derive the predicted value.

[0153] In addition, in the case of CSI prediction, set A may be formed by combining resource A and antenna port A, and set B may be formed by combining resource B and antenna port B.

[0154] In the present disclosure, set A, resource A, antenna port A, and predicted value may be interchangeable. Also, set B, resource B, antenna port B, and measured value may be interchangeable. A and B may be interchangeable as #A and #B, respectively.

[0155] In the present disclosure, the terms antenna port and port may be read interchangeably.

[0156] In this disclosure, a case where a model on the UE side is used as the AI ​​model is illustrated, but is not limited to this. The AI ​​model may also be a model on the NW side (for example, the gNB side).

[0157] In the present disclosure, the terms subset, beam / RS / [RS] resource subset, measured subset, and configured subset may be interchangeable. Also, the measured subset may refer to a subset determined by the method of the present disclosure.

[0158] In the present disclosure, inference result reporting (IR, hereinafter simply referred to as IR) may be interchangeably read as predicted beam information reporting or predicted CSI reporting.

[0159] The predicted beam information report may mean, for example, at least one of a predicted RSRP report, a top K beam indication, and a probability of the top K beam.

[0160] The predicted CSI report may refer to a Type 2 Doppler CSI report.

[0161] In this disclosure, performance monitoring reporting (PR, hereinafter simply referred to as PR) may refer to reporting of (pre-processed) performance indicators corresponding to IRs.

[0162] In this disclosure, an IR instance may refer to a CSI reporting instance of an IR.

[0163] In this disclosure, a PR instance may refer to a CSI reporting instance of a PR.

[0164] In this disclosure, a CSI reference resource (CRR) may be interchangeably read as the latest CSI-RS / CSI-IM / SSB [transmission] opportunity that is not later than the corresponding CSI reference resource.

[0165] In the present disclosure, IR [settings] and IR measurement resource [settings] may be read interchangeably.

[0166] In the present disclosure, PR [settings] and PR measurement resource [settings] may be read interchangeably.

[0167] The UE / NW (gNB) may perform the LCM procedure (e.g., various operations related to beam prediction / CSI prediction) by applying each of the embodiments described below.

[0168] The UE may receive various settings for beam prediction / CSI prediction, and may report / transmit corresponding prediction results to the NW.

[0169] The NW may transmit various settings for beam prediction / CSI prediction to the UE, and may also receive corresponding prediction results (reports) from the UE.

[0170] In the present disclosure, a beam prediction and a predicted beam may be interchangeable, and a CSI prediction and a predicted CSI may be interchangeable.

[0171] According to the wireless communication method disclosed herein, the definitions for various measurements for prediction using an AI model are clarified. This allows the UE to appropriately measure RS resources for prediction (e.g., set A) without increasing the processing load. As a result, appropriate LCM can be achieved, and improvements in communication throughput and quality can be expected.

[0172] First Embodiment The first embodiment relates to a correspondence (mapping) between measurements and inference results for performance indicators.

[0173] The UE may calculate the performance indicator based on at least one of the following inference results and measurements (for performance monitoring):

[0174] 2 and 3 are diagrams showing an example of the correspondence between the inference result report and the performance monitoring report, where Fig. 2 corresponds to Opt1 to Opt6, and Fig. 3 corresponds to Opt7 to Opt12.

[0175] <<Inference result (IR)>> The UE may calculate the performance index using at least one inference result from the following options: Each of the options listed below may be interchangeably read as a method for selecting / determining the inference result.

[0176] (Opt1) The inference result whose associated time instance (i.e., predicted time instance) is closest to the CSI reference resource for the PR, or whose associated time instance is within the CSI reference resource.

[0177] (Opt2) The latest inference result whose associated time instance (i.e., predicted time instance) is a predetermined time (e.g., duration #1) before the CSI reference resource for the PR.

[0178] (Opt3) The earliest inference result whose associated time instance (i.e., predicted time instance) is a predetermined time (e.g., duration #2) later than the CSI reference resource for the PR.

[0179] (Opt4) The inference result in which the CSI reference resource for the IR is closest [in time] to the CSI reference resource for the PR, or the inference result in which the CSI reference resource for the IR is within the CSI reference resource for the PR.

[0180] (Opt5) The latest inference result in which the CSI reference resource for the IR is a predetermined time (e.g., duration #3) later than the CSI reference resource for the PR.

[0181] (Opt6) The earliest inference result in which the CSI reference resource for the IR satisfies a predetermined time (e.g., duration #4) before the CSI reference resource for the PR.

[0182] (Opt7) The inference result whose associated time instance (i.e., predicted time instance) is closest to the slot / symbol of the PR, or whose associated time instance is within that slot / symbol.

[0183] (Opt8) The latest inference result whose associated time instance (i.e., predicted time instance) meets a predetermined time (e.g., duration #5) before the slot / symbol of the PR.

[0184] (Opt9) The earliest inference result whose associated time instance (i.e., predicted time instance) is a predetermined time (e.g., duration #6) after the slot / symbol of the PR.

[0185] (Opt10) The inference result whose reported slot / symbol is closest [in time] to the PR's slot / symbol, or the inference result whose reported slot / symbol is within the PR's slot / symbol.

[0186] (Opt11) The latest inference result in which the reported slot / symbol meets the PR slot / symbol a predetermined time later (e.g., duration #7).

[0187] (Opt12) The earliest inference result in which the reported slot / symbol meets the PR slot / symbol a predetermined time (e.g., duration #8).

[0188] (Note) In the above, a time instance may mean the [first / middle / last] slot / symbol / subframe / millisecond.

[0189] In each of the above options, if there are multiple predicted time instances, the predicted time instance of interest may be the first / middle / last time instance of the multiple.

[0190] Also, the target prediction time instance may be predefined by a specification, may be set / indicated by higher layer signaling / physical layer signaling, or may be determined according to UE capabilities.

[0191] Alternatively, the UE may calculate a performance metric for each of all / some of the predicted time instances.

[0192] The above-mentioned predetermined times (durations #1 to #8) may be predefined by specifications, may be set / indicated by higher layer signaling / physical layer signaling, or may be determined according to UE capabilities.

[0193] <<Performance monitoring measurement>> Performance monitoring measurements may satisfy at least one of the following conditions:

[0194] 4 and 5 are diagrams showing an example of the correspondence between the inference result report and the performance monitoring report. Fig. 4 corresponds to Condition 1 to Condition 4, and Fig. 5 corresponds to Opt1 to Opt6.

[0195] (Condition 1) The [most recent N#1] measurements configured in the PR configuration, and measurements that are not later (in time) than the CSI reference resource of the associated IR.

[0196] (Condition 2) The [most recent N#1] measurements configured in the PR configuration that are not later [in time] than the CSI reference resource of the associated PR.

[0197] (Condition 3) The [last N#2] measurements configured in the IR configuration that are not later (in time) than the CSI reference resource of the associated PR.

[0198] (Condition 4) The [last N#2] measurements configured in the PR configuration that are not later (in time) than the CSI reference resource of the associated PR.

[0199] The values ​​of N#1 / N#2 in each of the above conditions may be predefined by specifications, may be set / indicated by higher layer signaling / physical layer signaling, or may be determined according to UE capabilities.

[0200] The UE may calculate the performance indicator using measurements from at least one of the following options: Each of the options listed below may be interchangeably read as a measurement selection / determination method.

[0201] (Opt1) The measurement whose transmission opportunity is closest (in time) to the CSI reference resource for the IR, or the measurement whose transmission opportunity is within that CSI reference resource.

[0202] (Opt2) The latest measurement in which a transmission opportunity occurs a predetermined time (e.g., duration #9) before the CSI reference resource for the IR.

[0203] (Opt3) The earliest measurement for which a transmission opportunity is met a predetermined time (e.g., duration #10) after the CSI reference resource for the IR.

[0204] (Opt4) The measurement whose transmission opportunity is closest to the relevant time instance of the IR (i.e., the predicted time instance) or the measurement whose transmission opportunity is within the relevant time instance of the IR.

[0205] (Opt5) The latest measurement for which a transmission opportunity is met that is a predetermined time (eg, duration #11) before the relevant time instance (ie, the predicted time instance) of the IR.

[0206] (Opt6) The earliest measurement for which a transmission opportunity is met that is a predetermined time (eg, duration #12) after the associated time instance (ie, the predicted time instance) of the IR.

[0207] (Note) In the above, a time instance may mean the [first / middle / last] slot / symbol / subframe / millisecond.

[0208] In each of the above options, if there are multiple predicted time instances, the predicted time instance of interest may be the first / middle / last time instance of the multiple.

[0209] Also, the target prediction time instance may be predefined by a specification, may be set / indicated by higher layer signaling / physical layer signaling, or may be determined according to UE capabilities.

[0210] Alternatively, the UE may calculate a performance metric for each of all / some of the predicted time instances.

[0211] The above-mentioned predetermined times (durations #9 to #12) may be predefined by specifications, may be set / indicated by higher layer signaling / physical layer signaling, or may be determined according to UE capabilities.

[0212] According to this embodiment, the mapping between measurements and inference results for performance indicators is clear, and the UE can calculate the performance indicators based on the mapping (measurements / inference results), thereby achieving appropriate performance monitoring (LCM).

[0213] <Second embodiment> The second embodiment relates to periodic limits / constraints / conditions on inference reports (IR) and performance monitoring reports (PR).

[0214] When an IR setting is associated with a PR setting, the correspondence between the periods of the IR and the PR may satisfy certain conditions.

[0215] More specifically, when an ID of an IR setting (e.g., IR setting #1) is set within a PR setting (e.g., PR setting #2), the periodicity of the measurement resource for the PR and the periodicity of the measurement resource for the IR may satisfy certain conditions.

[0216] The specific conditions can be exemplified by the options shown below.

[0217] FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of the correspondence between the inference result report and the performance monitoring report.

[0218] (Opt1) The period of the measurement resource for PR and the period of the measurement resource for IR may be the same.

[0219] (Opt2) The period of the measurement resource for PR may be an integer multiple (e.g., N#1 times) of the period of the measurement resource for IR (see FIG. 6). That is, the period of the measurement resource for PR may be longer than the period of the measurement resource for IR.

[0220] (Opt3) The period of the resource for IR may be an integer multiple (for example, N#2 times) of the period of the measurement resource for PR. That is, the period of the measurement resource for IR may be longer than the period of the measurement resource for PR.

[0221] The above-mentioned values ​​of N#1 / N#2 may be predefined by specifications, may be set / indicated by higher layer signaling / physical layer signaling, or may be determined according to UE capabilities.

[0222] For example, the UE can easily determine / recognize whether an IR instance or a measurement resource for PR is associated (mapped) with one PM instance.

[0223] According to this embodiment, the periodic restrictions / constraints / conditions between IR and PR are clarified. By defining the restrictions / constraints / conditions, the correspondence between IR and PR is simplified, which can simplify the UE processing. Also, the impact on specifications can be reduced.

[0224] <Third embodiment> The third embodiment relates to processing of performance indicators (processed performance indicators).

[0225] In the present disclosure, processing a performance indicator and calculating a processed performance indicator may be read interchangeably.

[0226] In the present disclosure, the period of a PR and the period of a measurement resource for a PR (PR measurement resource) may be interpreted as interchangeable.

[0227] In the present disclosure, the period of an IR and the period of a measurement resource for IR (IR measurement resource) may be interpreted as interchangeable.

[0228] The UE may process multiple performance indicators, i.e., the UE may calculate processed performance indicator(s) based on multiple (e.g., N#3) performance indicators.

[0229] The above-described method may be applied to the calculation of the processed performance index.

[0230] The value of N#3 may be determined based on at least one of the following options:

[0231] (Opt1) The value of N#3 may be predefined by a specification, may be set / indicated by higher layer signaling / physical layer signaling, or may be determined according to UE capabilities.

[0232] (Opt2) The value of N#3 may be determined based on the period of PR and the period of IR. For example, the period of PR may be divided by the period of IR (period of PR ÷ period of IR). That is, the value of N#3 may be determined based on the ratio of the period of PR to the period of IR.

[0233] (Opt3) The value of N#3 may be determined based on the period of the measurement resource for PR and the period of the IR. For example, the period of the measurement resource for PR may be divided by the period of the IR (period of the measurement resource for PR ÷ period of the IR). That is, the value of N#3 may be determined based on the ratio of the period of the measurement resource for PR to the period of the IR.

[0234] (Opt4) The value of N#3 may be determined based on the period of the measurement resource for PR and the period of the measurement resource for IR. For example, the period of the measurement resource for PR may be divided by the period of the measurement resource for IR (the period of the measurement resource for PR ÷ the period of the measurement resource for IR). That is, the value of N#3 may be determined based on the ratio between the period of the measurement resource for PR and the period of the measurement resource for IR.

[0235] According to this embodiment, the processing method of the performance index is clarified. The UE can appropriately calculate the processed performance index from a plurality of performance indexes based on this method.

[0236] <Supplementary> <<Notification of Information from UE>> The notification of any information from the UE to [NW] in the above-described embodiment (in other words, the transmission / reporting of any information from the UE to the BS) may be performed using physical layer signaling (e.g., UCI), upper layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling, MAC CE), a specific signal / channel (e.g., PUCCH, PUSCH, PRACH, reference signal), or a combination thereof.

[0237] When the above notification is performed by MAC CE, the MAC CE may be identified by including a new LCID not defined in the existing standard in the MAC sub-header.

[0238] When the above notification is performed by UCI, the above notification may be transmitted using PUCCH or PUSCH.

[0239] Also, the notification of any information from the UE in the above-described embodiment may be performed periodically, semi-persistently, or aperiodically.

[0240] <<Regarding the Application of Each Embodiment>> In a UE / BS, the specific process / operation / control / assumption / information(s) of at least one of the above-described embodiments may be applied (used) when one or more of the following conditions are met: Upper layer parameters indicating the above specific processing / operation / control / assumment / information are set. The specific processing / action / control / assumption / information is determined based on relevant upper layer parameters; The above specific processes / actions / controls / assumptions / information are specified / activated / triggered by MAC CE / DCI / UCI / resources / channels / RS, Reporting or supporting specific UE capabilities indicating (or relating to) the above specific processes / actions / controls / assumptions / information; · The application of the above specific processing / action / control / assumption / information is judged based on specific conditions.

[0241] The specific UE capabilities may indicate at least one of the following: · To support the above specific processes / actions / controls / assumptions / information. Support LCM in the UE model. Support UE-assisted performance monitoring. Support beam prediction / CSI prediction / cell prediction using AI / ML [UE side] models. · Supported specific parameters (parameters for calculating performance indicators). The maximum value of that particular parameter. ·Reportable monitoring outputs. · Support Set B / Set A / Set P.

[0242] Furthermore, the above-mentioned specific UE capability may be a capability that is applied across all frequencies (commonly regardless of frequency), or may be a capability for each frequency (e.g., one or a combination of a cell, band, band combination, BWP, component carrier, etc.), or may be a capability for each frequency range (e.g., Frequency Range 1 (FR1), FR2, FR3, FR4, FR5, FR2-1, FR2-2), or may be a capability for each subcarrier spacing (SubCarrier Spacing (SCS)), or may be a capability for each Feature Set (FS) or Feature Set Per Component-carrier (FSPC).

[0243] Furthermore, the specific UE capability may be a capability that is applied across all duplexing methods (commonly regardless of the duplexing method), or may be a capability for each duplexing method (for example, Time Division Duplex (TDD) or Frequency Division Duplex (FDD)).

[0244] If the above conditions are not met, the UE / BS may follow the behavior specified in existing 3GPP releases.

[0245] (Addendum) The following inventions are added regarding one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Appendix 1] a control unit that controls measurements for an inference report (IR) and measurements for a performance monitoring report (PR); a transmitter that transmits the IR and the PR, The control unit calculates a performance index based on the inference result and the measurement for the PR. [Appendix 2] The terminal of claim 1, wherein the control unit calculates the performance indicator based on an inference result of a channel state information (CSI) reference resource for an associated time instance or IR within a predetermined time period. [Appendix 3] 3. The terminal according to claim 1, wherein a period of the measurement resource for the PR is an integer multiple of a period of the measurement resource for the IR. [Appendix 4] the control unit calculates a processed performance index based on the plurality of performance indexes; 4. The terminal of any of Supplementary Notes 1 to 3, wherein the number of performance indicators used to calculate the processed performance indicator is determined based on specific conditions.

[0246] (wireless communication system) The configuration of a wireless communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure will be described below. In this wireless communication system, communication is performed using any one of the wireless communication methods according to the above embodiments of the present disclosure or a combination thereof.

[0247] 7 is a diagram illustrating an example of a schematic configuration of a wireless communication system according to an embodiment. The wireless communication system 1 (which may be simply referred to as system 1) may be a system that realizes communication using Long Term Evolution (LTE), 5th generation mobile communication system New Radio (5G NR), or the like, which are specified by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP).

[0248] The wireless communication system 1 may also support dual connectivity between multiple Radio Access Technologies (RATs) (Multi-RAT Dual Connectivity (MR-DC)). MR-DC may include dual connectivity between LTE (Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA)) and NR (E-UTRA-NR Dual Connectivity (EN-DC)), dual connectivity between NR and LTE (NR-E-UTRA Dual Connectivity (NE-DC)), etc.

[0249] In EN-DC, the LTE (E-UTRA) base station (eNB) is the master node (MN), and the NR base station (gNB) is the secondary node (SN). In NE-DC, the NR base station (gNB) is the MN, and the LTE (E-UTRA) base station (eNB) is the SN.

[0250] The wireless communication system 1 may support dual connectivity between multiple base stations within the same RAT (for example, dual connectivity in which both the MN and the SN are NR base stations (gNBs) (NR-NR Dual Connectivity (NN-DC))).

[0251] The wireless communication system 1 may include a base station 11 that forms a macrocell C1 with a relatively wide coverage, and base stations 12 (12a-12c) that are located within the macrocell C1 and form small cells C2 that are smaller than the macrocell C1. A user terminal 20 may be located within at least one of the cells. The location, number, shape, size, etc. of each cell and user terminal 20 are not limited to the embodiment shown in the figure. Hereinafter, when there is no need to distinguish between the base stations 11 and 12, they will be collectively referred to as base station 10.

[0252] The wireless communication system 1 may utilize Multi Input Multi Output (MIMO). For example, one cell may be formed by one antenna / base station 10, or may be formed by multiple antennas / base stations 10. One [virtual] cell (which may be called, for example, a super cell) may be composed of multiple [virtual] cells (which may be called, for example, sub-cells). A super cell may correspond to a cell whose physical range is fixed, and a sub-cell may correspond to a cell whose physical range varies semi-statically / dynamically. In this case, the wireless communication system 1 may be called a cell-free system.

[0253] The user terminal 20 may be connected to at least one of the multiple base stations 10. The user terminal 20 may utilize at least one of carrier aggregation (CA) using multiple component carriers (CC) and dual connectivity (DC).

[0254] Each CC may be included in at least one of a first frequency band (Frequency Range 1 (FR1)) and a second frequency band (Frequency Range 2 (FR2)). The macro cell C1 may be included in FR1, and the small cell C2 may be included in FR2. For example, FR1 may be a frequency band of 6 GHz or less (sub-6 GHz), and FR2 may be a frequency band above 24 GHz (above-24 GHz). Note that the frequency bands and definitions of FR1 and FR2 are not limited to these, and for example, FR1 may be a frequency band higher than FR2.

[0255] Furthermore, the user terminal 20 may perform communication using at least one of Time Division Duplex (TDD) and Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) in each CC.

[0256] The multiple base stations 10 may be connected by wire (for example, optical fiber conforming to the Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI), an X2 / Xn interface, etc.) or wirelessly (for example, NR communication). For example, when NR communication is used as a backhaul between the base stations 11 and 12, the base station 11 corresponding to the upper station may be called an Integrated Access Backhaul (IAB) donor, and the base station 12 corresponding to the relay station (relay) may be called an IAB node.

[0257] The base station 10 may be connected to the core network 30 directly or via another base station 10. The core network 30 may include, for example, at least one of an Evolved Packet Core (EPC), a 5G Core Network (5GCN), a Next Generation Core (NGC), and the like.

[0258] The core network 30 may include network functions (NFs) such as a User Plane Function (UPF), an Access and Mobility management Function (AMF), a Session Management Function (SMF), a Unified Data Management (UDM), an Application Function (AF), a Data Network (DN), a Location Management Function (LMF), and an Operation, Administration and Maintenance (Management) (OAM). Note that a single network node may provide multiple functions. Furthermore, communication with an external network (e.g., the Internet) may be performed via the DN.

[0259] The user terminal 20 may be a terminal compatible with at least one of communication methods such as LTE, LTE-A, and 5G.

[0260] An Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM)-based radio access scheme may be used in the radio communication system 1. For example, Cyclic Prefix OFDM (CP-OFDM), Discrete Fourier Transform Spread OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA), or the like may be used in at least one of the downlink (DL) and the uplink (UL).

[0261] The radio access scheme may also be called a waveform. Note that in the wireless communication system 1, other radio access schemes (for example, other single-carrier transmission schemes, other multi-carrier transmission schemes) may be used as the UL and DL radio access schemes.

[0262] In the wireless communication system 1, a downlink shared channel (Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH)) shared by each user terminal 20, a broadcast channel (Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH)), a downlink control channel (Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH)), etc. may be used as the downlink channel.

[0263] Furthermore, in the wireless communication system 1, an uplink shared channel (Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH)) shared by each user terminal 20, an uplink control channel (Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH)), a random access channel (Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH)), etc. may be used as an uplink channel.

[0264] The base station 10 may be separated into three elements: a radio unit (RU), a distributed unit (DU), and a central unit (CU). For example, the RU may perform RF processing (digital beamforming, digital-to-analog conversion, analog beamforming, etc.) and lower-level functions of the physical layer (precoding, IFFT, FFT, etc.). The DU may perform higher-level functions of the physical layer (coding to resource element mapping, etc.), MAC layer functions, and RLC layer functions. The CU may perform PDCP layer, Service Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP) layer, and RRC layer functions.

[0265] In the present disclosure, the base station 10 may include a single device that implements all of the functions of the RU, DU, and CU, or may include multiple devices that each implement some of the functions of the RU, DU, and CU and are connected to each other. In the present disclosure, the base station 10 may be interchangeably read as RU / DU / CU.

[0266] The PDSCH transmits user data, higher layer control information, System Information Block (SIB), etc. The PUSCH may transmit user data, higher layer control information, etc. Furthermore, the PBCH may transmit Master Information Block (MIB).

[0267] Lower layer control information may be transmitted by the PDCCH. The lower layer control information may include, for example, Downlink Control Information (DCI) including scheduling information for at least one of the PDSCH and the PUSCH.

[0268] Note that the DCI for scheduling the PDSCH may be referred to as a DL assignment, a DL DCI, etc., and the DCI for scheduling the PUSCH may be referred to as an UL grant, a UL DCI, etc. Note that the PDSCH may be interpreted as DL data, and the PUSCH may be interpreted as UL data.

[0269] A control resource set (CORESET) and a search space may be used to detect the PDCCH. The CORESET corresponds to resources to search for DCI. The search space corresponds to a search region and a search method for PDCCH candidates. One CORESET may be associated with one or more search spaces. The UE may monitor a CORESET associated with a certain search space based on the search space configuration.

[0270] One search space may correspond to PDCCH candidates corresponding to one or more aggregation levels. One or more search spaces may be called a search space set. Note that the terms "search space," "search space set," "search space setting," "search space set setting," "CORESET," "CORESET setting," etc. in the present disclosure may be read interchangeably.

[0271] The PUCCH may transmit uplink control information (UCI) including at least one of channel state information (CSI), acknowledgement information (which may be called, for example, Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest ACKnowledgement (HARQ-ACK), ACK / NACK, etc.), and scheduling request (SR). The PRACH may transmit a random access preamble for establishing a connection with a cell.

[0272] In the present disclosure, downlink, uplink, etc. may be expressed without adding "link." Also, various channels may be expressed without adding "Physical" to the beginning.

[0273] In the wireless communication system 1, a synchronization signal (SS), a downlink reference signal (DL-RS), etc. may be transmitted. In the wireless communication system 1, a cell-specific reference signal (CRS), a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS), a demodulation reference signal (DMRS), a positioning reference signal (PRS), a phase tracking reference signal (PTRS), etc. may be transmitted as DL-RS.

[0274] The synchronization signal may be, for example, at least one of a Primary Synchronization Signal (PSS) and a Secondary Synchronization Signal (SSS). A signal block including the SS (PSS, SSS) and the PBCH (and DMRS for the PBCH) may be referred to as an SS / PBCH block, an SS Block (SSB), or the like. Note that the SS, SSB, and the like may also be referred to as reference signals.

[0275] Furthermore, in the wireless communication system 1, a sounding reference signal (SRS), a demodulation reference signal (DMRS), etc. may be transmitted as an uplink reference signal (UL-RS). Note that the DMRS may also be called a user equipment-specific reference signal (UE-specific reference signal).

[0276] (base station) 8 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a base station according to an embodiment. The base station 10 includes a control unit 110, a transceiver unit 120, a transceiver antenna 130, and a transmission line interface 140. Note that the base station may include one or more of each of the control unit 110, the transceiver unit 120, the transceiver antenna 130, and the transmission line interface 140.

[0277] In this example, the functional blocks of the characteristic parts of the present embodiment are mainly shown, and it may be assumed that the base station 10 also has other functional blocks necessary for wireless communication. Some of the processing of each unit described below may be omitted.

[0278] The control unit 110 performs overall control of the base station 10. The control unit 110 can be configured from a controller, a control circuit, and the like that are explained based on common understanding in the technical field to which the present disclosure relates.

[0279] The control unit 110 may control signal generation, scheduling (e.g., resource allocation, mapping), etc. The control unit 110 may control transmission and reception using the transceiver unit 120, the transceiver antenna 130, and the transmission path interface 140, measurement, etc. The control unit 110 may generate data to be transmitted as signals, control information, sequences, etc., and transfer them to the transceiver unit 120. The control unit 110 may perform call processing (setting up, releasing, etc.) of communication channels, status management of the base station 10, management of radio resources, etc.

[0280] The transceiver unit 120 may include a baseband unit 121, a radio frequency (RF) unit 122, and a measurement unit 123. The baseband unit 121 may include a transmission processing unit 1211 and a reception processing unit 1212. The transceiver unit 120 may be configured with a transmitter / receiver, an RF circuit, a baseband circuit, a filter, a phase shifter, a measurement circuit, a transceiver circuit, etc., which are described based on common understanding in the technical field related to the present disclosure.

[0281] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 may be configured as an integrated transmitting / receiving unit, or may be composed of a transmitting unit and a receiving unit. The transmitting unit may be composed of a transmission processing unit 1211 and an RF unit 122. The receiving unit may be composed of a reception processing unit 1212, an RF unit 122, and a measurement unit 123.

[0282] The transmitting and receiving antenna 130 can be configured from an antenna described based on common understanding in the technical field to which the present disclosure pertains, such as an array antenna.

[0283] The transceiver 120 may transmit the above-mentioned downlink channel, synchronization signal, downlink reference signal, etc. The transceiver 120 may receive the above-mentioned uplink channel, uplink reference signal, etc.

[0284] The transceiver 120 may form at least one of a transmission beam and a reception beam using digital beamforming (for example, precoding), analog beamforming (for example, phase rotation), or the like.

[0285] The transceiver 120 (transmission processing unit 1211) may perform Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer processing, Radio Link Control (RLC) layer processing (e.g., RLC retransmission control), Medium Access Control (MAC) layer processing (e.g., HARQ retransmission control), etc. on data, control information, etc. obtained from the control unit 110, and generate a bit string to be transmitted.

[0286] The transceiver 120 (transmission processor 1211) may perform transmission processing such as channel coding (which may include error correction coding), modulation, mapping, filtering, Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) processing (if necessary), Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) processing, precoding, and digital-to-analog conversion on the bit string to be transmitted, and output a baseband signal.

[0287] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 (RF unit 122) may perform modulation to a radio frequency band, filtering, amplification, etc. on the baseband signal, and transmit the radio frequency band signal via the transmitting / receiving antenna .

[0288] On the other hand, the transmitting / receiving unit 120 (RF unit 122) may perform amplification, filtering, demodulation to a baseband signal, etc. on the radio frequency band signal received by the transmitting / receiving antenna .

[0289] The transceiver 120 (reception processing unit 1212) may apply reception processing such as analog-to-digital conversion, Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) processing, Inverse Discrete Fourier Transform (IDFT) processing (if necessary), filtering, demapping, demodulation, decoding (which may include error correction decoding), MAC layer processing, RLC layer processing, and PDCP layer processing to the acquired baseband signal, thereby acquiring user data, etc.

[0290] The transceiver 120 (measurement unit 123) may perform measurements on the received signal. For example, the measurement unit 123 may perform Radio Resource Management (RRM) measurements, Channel State Information (CSI) measurements, etc. based on the received signal. The measurement unit 123 may measure received power (e.g., Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP)), received quality (e.g., Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ), Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio (SINR), Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR)), signal strength (e.g., Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI)), propagation path information (e.g., CSI), etc. The measurement results may be output to the control unit 110.

[0291] The transmission path interface 140 may transmit and receive signals (backhaul signaling) between devices included in the core network 30 (e.g., network nodes providing NFs), other base stations 10, etc., and may acquire and transmit user data (user plane data), control plane data, etc. for the user terminal 20.

[0292] The transmitting section and receiving section of the base station 10 in the present disclosure may be configured by at least one of the transmitting / receiving section 120, the transmitting / receiving antenna 130, and the transmission path interface 140.

[0293] The base station 10 may be separated into three elements: a radio unit (RU), a distributed unit (DU), and a central unit (CU). For example, the RU may perform RF processing (digital beamforming, digital-to-analog conversion, analog beamforming, etc.) and lower-level functions of the physical layer (precoding, IFFT, FFT, etc.). The DU may perform higher-level functions of the physical layer (coding to resource element mapping, etc.), MAC layer functions, and RLC layer functions. The CU may perform PDCP layer, Service Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP) layer, and RRC layer functions.

[0294] In the present disclosure, the base station 10 may include a single device that implements all of the functions of the RU, DU, and CU, or may include multiple devices that each implement some of the functions of the RU, DU, and CU and are connected to each other. In the present disclosure, the base station 10 may be interchangeably read as RU / DU / CU.

[0295] The transceiver 120 may transmit settings related to measurements for an inference report (IR) and measurements for a performance monitoring report (PR). The control unit 110 may control reception of the IR and the PR transmitted from the terminal. A performance index for the PR may be calculated based on the inference result and the measurements for the PR.

[0296] (user terminal) 9 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a user terminal according to one embodiment. The user terminal 20 includes a control unit 210, a transceiver unit 220, and a transceiver antenna 230. Note that the user terminal 20 may include one or more of each of the control unit 210, the transceiver unit 220, and the transceiver antenna 230.

[0297] Note that this example mainly shows functional blocks of the characteristic parts of the present embodiment, and it may be assumed that the user terminal 20 also has other functional blocks necessary for wireless communication. Some of the processing of each unit described below may be omitted.

[0298] The control unit 210 performs overall control of the user terminal 20. The control unit 210 can be configured from a controller, a control circuit, and the like that are explained based on common understanding in the technical field to which the present disclosure relates.

[0299] The control unit 210 may control signal generation, mapping, etc. The control unit 210 may also control transmission and reception, measurement, etc. using the transceiver unit 220 and the transceiver antenna 230. The control unit 210 may generate data, control information, sequences, etc. to be transmitted as signals, and transfer them to the transceiver unit 220.

[0300] The transceiver unit 220 may include a baseband unit 221, an RF unit 222, and a measurement unit 223. The baseband unit 221 may include a transmission processing unit 2211 and a reception processing unit 2212. The transceiver unit 220 may be configured from a transmitter / receiver, an RF circuit, a baseband circuit, a filter, a phase shifter, a measurement circuit, a transceiver circuit, etc., which are described based on common understanding in the technical field related to the present disclosure.

[0301] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 may be configured as an integrated transmitting / receiving unit, or may be composed of a transmitting unit and a receiving unit. The transmitting unit may be composed of a transmission processing unit 2211 and an RF unit 222. The receiving unit may be composed of a reception processing unit 2212, an RF unit 222, and a measurement unit 223.

[0302] The transmitting / receiving antenna 230 can be configured as an antenna described based on common understanding in the technical field to which the present disclosure pertains, such as an array antenna.

[0303] The transceiver 220 may receive the above-mentioned downlink channel, synchronization signal, downlink reference signal, etc. The transceiver 220 may transmit the above-mentioned uplink channel, uplink reference signal, etc.

[0304] The transceiver 220 may form at least one of a transmission beam and a reception beam using digital beamforming (for example, precoding), analog beamforming (for example, phase rotation), or the like.

[0305] The transceiver 220 (transmission processing unit 2211) may perform PDCP layer processing, RLC layer processing (e.g., RLC retransmission control), MAC layer processing (e.g., HARQ retransmission control), etc. on data, control information, etc. obtained from the control unit 210, and generate a bit string to be transmitted.

[0306] The transceiver 220 (transmission processor 2211) may perform transmission processing such as channel coding (which may include error correction coding), modulation, mapping, filtering, DFT processing (if necessary), IFFT processing, precoding, and digital-to-analog conversion on the bit string to be transmitted, and output a baseband signal.

[0307] Whether or not to apply DFT processing may be based on the setting of transform precoding. When transform precoding is enabled for a certain channel (e.g., PUSCH), the transceiver unit 220 (transmission processing unit 2211) may perform DFT processing as the transmission processing to transmit the channel using a DFT-s-OFDM waveform, and when transform precoding is not enabled, the transceiver unit 220 may not perform DFT processing as the transmission processing.

[0308] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 (RF unit 222) may perform modulation to a radio frequency band, filtering, amplification, etc. on the baseband signal, and transmit the radio frequency band signal via the transmitting / receiving antenna 230.

[0309] On the other hand, the transmitting / receiving unit 220 (RF unit 222) may perform amplification, filtering, demodulation to a baseband signal, etc. on the radio frequency band signal received by the transmitting / receiving antenna 230.

[0310] The transceiver 220 (reception processing unit 2212) may apply reception processing such as analog-to-digital conversion, FFT processing, IDFT processing (if necessary), filtering, demapping, demodulation, decoding (which may include error correction decoding), MAC layer processing, RLC layer processing, and PDCP layer processing to the acquired baseband signal to acquire user data, etc.

[0311] The transceiver 220 (measurement unit 223) may perform measurements on the received signal. For example, the measurement unit 223 may perform RRM measurement, CSI measurement, etc. based on the received signal. The measurement unit 223 may measure received power (e.g., RSRP), received quality (e.g., RSRQ, SINR, SNR), signal strength (e.g., RSSI), propagation path information (e.g., CSI), etc. The measurement results may be output to the control unit 210.

[0312] The measurement unit 223 may derive channel measurements for CSI calculation based on the channel measurement resources. The channel measurement resources may be, for example, non-zero power (NZP) CSI-RS resources. The measurement unit 223 may also derive interference measurements for CSI calculation based on the interference measurement resources. The interference measurement resources may be at least one of an NZP CSI-RS resource for interference measurement, a CSI-Interference Measurement (IM) resource, etc. Note that CSI-IM may be referred to as CSI-Interference Management (IM) or may be interchangeably read as Zero Power (ZP) CSI-RS. Note that in the present disclosure, CSI-RS, NZP CSI-RS, ZP CSI-RS, CSI-IM, CSI-SSB, etc. may be interchangeably read as interchangeable.

[0313] The transmitting section and receiving section of the user terminal 20 in the present disclosure may be configured by at least one of the transmitting / receiving section 220 and the transmitting / receiving antenna 230.

[0314] The control unit 210 may perform at least part of the processing of the control unit in the above appendix.

[0315] The transceiver unit 220 may perform at least part of the processing of the transmitter / receiver unit in the above appendix.

[0316] (Hardware configuration) The block diagrams used to explain the above embodiments show functional blocks. These functional blocks (components) are realized by any combination of at least one of hardware and software. Furthermore, the method for realizing each functional block is not particularly limited. That is, each functional block may be realized using a single device that is physically or logically coupled, or may be realized using two or more physically or logically separated devices that are directly or indirectly connected (for example, using wires, wirelessly, etc.) and these multiple devices. The functional block may also be realized by combining the single device or multiple devices with software.

[0317] Here, the functions include, but are not limited to, judgment, determination, judgment, calculation, computation, processing, derivation, investigation, search, confirmation, reception, transmission, output, access, resolution, selection, election, establishment, comparison, assumption, expectation, deeming, broadcasting, notifying, communicating, forwarding, configuring, reconfiguring, allocating, mapping, and assignment. For example, a functional block (component) that performs transmission may be called a transmitting unit, transmitter, etc. As mentioned above, the implementation method of each is not particularly limited.

[0318] For example, a base station, a user terminal, etc. according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may function as a computer that performs processing of the wireless communication method of the present disclosure. Fig. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example of the hardware configuration of a base station and a user terminal according to an embodiment. The above-described base station 10 and user terminal 20 may be physically configured as a computer device including a processor 1001, a memory 1002, a storage 1003, a communication device 1004, an input device 1005, an output device 1006, a bus 1007, etc.

[0319] In this disclosure, terms such as apparatus, circuit, device, section, unit, etc. may be read interchangeably. The hardware configurations of the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 may be configured to include one or more of the devices shown in the drawings, or may be configured to exclude some of the devices.

[0320] For example, although only one processor 1001 is shown, there may be multiple processors. Furthermore, processing may be performed by one processor, or processing may be performed by two or more processors simultaneously, serially, or in other ways. Furthermore, processor 1001 may be implemented by one or more chips.

[0321] Each function in the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 is realized, for example, by loading predetermined software (programs) onto hardware such as a processor 1001 and a memory 1002, causing the processor 1001 to perform calculations, control communication via the communication device 1004, and control at least one of reading and writing data in the memory 1002 and the storage 1003.

[0322] The processor 1001, for example, runs an operating system to control the entire computer. The processor 1001 may be configured as a central processing unit (CPU) including an interface with peripheral devices, a control device, an arithmetic unit, a register, etc. For example, at least a part of the above-mentioned control unit 110 (210), transmission / reception unit 120 (220), etc. may be realized by the processor 1001.

[0323] The processor 1001 also reads programs (program codes), software modules, data, etc. from at least one of the storage 1003 and the communication device 1004 into the memory 1002, and executes various processes in accordance with these. The programs used are those that cause a computer to execute at least some of the operations described in the above-described embodiments. For example, the control unit 110 (210) may be realized by a control program stored in the memory 1002 and running on the processor 1001, and the other functional blocks may be realized in a similar manner.

[0324] The memory 1002 is a computer-readable recording medium and may be configured by at least one of, for example, a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), a random access memory (RAM), or other suitable storage medium. The memory 1002 may also be referred to as a register, a cache, a main memory, or the like. The memory 1002 may store executable programs (program codes), software modules, and the like for implementing a wireless communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0325] Storage 1003 is a computer-readable recording medium and may be constituted by at least one of, for example, a flexible disk, a floppy disk, a magneto-optical disk (e.g., a compact disc (e.g., a Compact Disc ROM (CD-ROM)), a digital versatile disc, a Blu-ray disc), a removable disk, a hard disk drive, a smart card, a flash memory device (e.g., a card, stick, key drive), a magnetic stripe, a database, a server, or other suitable storage medium. Storage 1003 may also be referred to as a secondary storage device.

[0326] The communication device 1004 is hardware (transmission / reception device) for communicating between computers via at least one of a wired network and a wireless network, and is also referred to as, for example, a network device, a network controller, a network card, or a communication module. The communication device 1004 may be configured to include a high-frequency switch, a duplexer, a filter, a frequency synthesizer, etc. to realize at least one of frequency division duplex (FDD) and time division duplex (TDD). For example, the above-mentioned transmission / reception unit 120 (220), transmission / reception antenna 130 (230), etc. may be realized by the communication device 1004. The transmission / reception unit 120 (220) may be implemented as a transmission unit 120a (220a) and a reception unit 120b (220b) that are physically or logically separated.

[0327] The input device 1005 is an input device (for example, a keyboard, a mouse, a microphone, a switch, a button, a sensor, etc.) that receives input from the outside. The output device 1006 is an output device (for example, a display, a speaker, a light emitting diode (LED) lamp, etc.) that outputs to the outside. The input device 1005 and the output device 1006 may be integrated into one device (for example, a touch panel).

[0328] Furthermore, each device, such as the processor 1001 and the memory 1002, is connected by a bus 1007 for communicating information. The bus 1007 may be configured using a single bus, or may be configured using different buses between each device.

[0329] Furthermore, the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 may be configured to include hardware such as a microprocessor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic device (PLD), or a field programmable gate array (FPGA), and some or all of the functional blocks may be realized using such hardware. For example, the processor 1001 may be implemented using at least one of these pieces of hardware.

[0330] Note that the devices included in the core network 30 (for example, network nodes that provide NFs) may also be realized by the above-described functional block / hardware configuration.

[0331] (Variation) Note that terms explained in the present disclosure and terms necessary for understanding the present disclosure may be replaced with terms having the same or similar meanings. For example, a channel, a symbol, and a signal (signal or signaling) may be interchangeable. A signal may also be a message. A reference signal may be abbreviated as RS, and may also be called a pilot, pilot signal, etc. depending on the applicable standard. A component carrier (CC) may also be called a cell, frequency carrier, carrier frequency, etc.

[0332] A radio frame may be composed of one or more periods (frames) in the time domain. Each of the one or more periods (frames) constituting a radio frame may be called a subframe. Furthermore, a subframe may be composed of one or more slots in the time domain. A subframe may have a fixed time length (e.g., 1 ms) that is independent of numerology.

[0333] Here, the numerology may be a communication parameter applied to at least one of transmission and reception of a signal or channel, and may indicate at least one of, for example, a subcarrier spacing (SCS), a bandwidth, a symbol length, a cyclic prefix length, a transmission time interval (TTI), the number of symbols per TTI, a radio frame structure, a specific filtering process performed by a transceiver in the frequency domain, and a specific windowing process performed by a transceiver in the time domain.

[0334] A slot may be composed of one or more symbols in the time domain (such as an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbol or a Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) symbol), and may be a time unit based on numerology.

[0335] A slot may include multiple minislots. Each minislot may consist of one or multiple symbols in the time domain. A minislot may also be called a subslot. A minislot may consist of fewer symbols than a slot. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted in a time unit larger than a minislot may be called PDSCH (PUSCH) mapping type A. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted using a minislot may be called PDSCH (PUSCH) mapping type B.

[0336] A radio frame, a subframe, a slot, a minislot, and a symbol all represent time units for transmitting signals. The radio frame, the subframe, the slot, the minislot, and the symbol may be referred to by other names corresponding to the radio frame, the subframe, the slot, the minislot, and the symbol. Note that the time units such as a frame, a subframe, a slot, a minislot, and a symbol in the present disclosure may be interchangeable.

[0337] For example, one subframe may be referred to as a TTI, or multiple consecutive subframes may be referred to as a TTI, or one slot or one minislot may be referred to as a TTI. That is, at least one of a subframe and a TTI may be a subframe (1 ms) in existing LTE, a period shorter than 1 ms (for example, 1-13 symbols), or a period longer than 1 ms. Note that the unit representing the TTI may be called a slot, minislot, etc., instead of a subframe.

[0338] Here, TTI refers to, for example, the smallest time unit for scheduling in wireless communication. For example, in an LTE system, a base station performs scheduling to allocate radio resources (such as frequency bandwidth and transmission power that can be used by each user terminal) to each user terminal in TTI units. However, the definition of TTI is not limited to this.

[0339] The TTI may be a transmission time unit for a channel-encoded data packet (transport block), a code block, a code word, etc., or may be a processing unit for scheduling, link adaptation, etc. When a TTI is given, the time interval (e.g., the number of symbols) to which a transport block, a code block, a code word, etc. is actually mapped may be shorter than the TTI.

[0340] When one slot or one minislot is called a TTI, one or more TTIs (i.e., one or more slots or one or more minislots) may be the minimum time unit for scheduling. Also, the number of slots (minislots) constituting the minimum time unit for scheduling may be controlled.

[0341] A TTI having a time length of 1 ms may be called a regular TTI (TTI in 3GPP Rel. 8-12), normal TTI, long TTI, regular subframe, normal subframe, long subframe, slot, etc. A TTI shorter than a regular TTI may be called a shortened TTI, short TTI, partial or fractional TTI, shortened subframe, short subframe, minislot, subslot, slot, etc.

[0342] In addition, a long TTI (e.g., a normal TTI, a subframe, etc.) may be interpreted as a TTI having a time length of more than 1 ms, and a short TTI (e.g., a shortened TTI, etc.) may be interpreted as a TTI having a TTI length shorter than the TTI length of a long TTI and equal to or greater than 1 ms.

[0343] A resource block (RB) is a resource allocation unit in the time domain and the frequency domain, and may include one or more consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain. The number of subcarriers included in an RB may be the same regardless of numerology, for example, 12. The number of subcarriers included in an RB may also be determined based on numerology.

[0344] In addition, an RB may include one or more symbols in the time domain and may have a length of one slot, one minislot, one subframe, or one TTI. One TTI, one subframe, etc. may each be composed of one or more resource blocks.

[0345] Note that one or more RBs may also be called a physical resource block (PRB), a sub-carrier group (SCG), a resource element group (REG), a PRB pair, an RB pair, etc.

[0346] Furthermore, a resource block may be composed of one or more resource elements (REs). For example, one RE may be a radio resource region of one subcarrier and one symbol.

[0347] A Bandwidth Part (BWP), which may also be referred to as a fractional bandwidth, may represent a subset of contiguous common resource blocks (RBs) for a given numerology on a given carrier, where the common RBs may be identified by their index relative to a common reference point of the carrier. PRBs may be defined in a given BWP and numbered within that BWP.

[0348] The BWP may include an UL BWP (a BWP for UL) and a DL BWP (a BWP for DL). One or more BWPs may be configured for a UE within one carrier.

[0349] At least one of the configured BWPs may be active, and the UE may not expect to transmit or receive a given signal / channel outside the active BWP. Note that the terms "cell," "carrier," etc. in this disclosure may be read as "BWP."

[0350] The above-described structures of radio frames, subframes, slots, minislots, symbols, etc. are merely examples. For example, the number of subframes included in a radio frame, the number of slots per subframe or radio frame, the number of minislots included in a slot, the number of symbols and RBs included in a slot or minislot, the number of subcarriers included in an RB, the number of symbols in a TTI, the symbol length, the cyclic prefix (CP) length, etc. may be changed in various ways.

[0351] Furthermore, the information, parameters, etc. described in the present disclosure may be expressed using absolute values, may be expressed using relative values ​​from a predetermined value, or may be expressed using other corresponding information. For example, a radio resource may be indicated by a predetermined index.

[0352] The names used for parameters and the like in this disclosure are not intended to be limiting in any way. Furthermore, the mathematical expressions and the like using these parameters may differ from those explicitly disclosed in this disclosure. The various channels (PUCCH, PDCCH, etc.) and information elements may be identified by any suitable names, and therefore the various names assigned to these various channels and information elements are not intended to be limiting in any way.

[0353] The information, signals, etc. described in this disclosure may be represented using any of a variety of different technologies. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, chips, etc. that may be referred to throughout the above description may be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, optical fields or photons, or any combination thereof.

[0354] Furthermore, information, signals, etc. may be output from a higher layer to a lower layer and / or from a lower layer to a higher layer. Information, signals, etc. may be input / output via multiple network nodes.

[0355] Input and output information, signals, etc. may be stored in a specific location (for example, memory) or may be managed using a management table. Input and output information, signals, etc. may be overwritten, updated, or added. Output information, signals, etc. may be deleted. Input information, signals, etc. may be transmitted to another device.

[0356] With respect to any information (e.g., variables, constants, parameters) described in the present disclosure, even if not specifically stated in the above embodiments, any first device (e.g., UE / base station) may notify any second device (e.g., base station / UE) of information indicating / identifying (or relating to) the value of the any information.

[0357] Notification of information is not limited to the aspects / embodiments described in the present disclosure, and may be performed using other methods. For example, notification of information in the present disclosure may be performed by physical layer signaling (e.g., Downlink Control Information (DCI) and Uplink Control Information (UCI)), higher layer signaling (e.g., Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, broadcast information (Master Information Block (MIB) and System Information Block (SIB)), Medium Access Control (MAC) signaling), other signals, or a combination thereof.

[0358] Note that the physical layer signaling may be called Layer 1 / Layer 2 (L1 / L2) control information (L1 / L2 control signal), L1 control information (L1 control signal), etc. Furthermore, the RRC signaling may be called an RRC message, such as an RRC connection setup message or an RRC connection reconfiguration message. Furthermore, the MAC signaling may be notified using, for example, a MAC Control Element (CE).

[0359] Furthermore, notification of specified information (e.g., notification that "it is X") is not limited to explicit notification, but may be made implicitly (e.g., by not notifying the specified information or by notifying other information).

[0360] The determination may be made by a value represented by one bit (0 or 1), by a Boolean value represented by true or false, or by a comparison of numerical values ​​(e.g., comparison with a predetermined value).

[0361] Software shall be construed broadly to mean instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subprograms, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executable files, threads of execution, procedures, functions, etc., whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or otherwise.

[0362] Software, instructions, information, etc. may also be transmitted or received over a transmission medium. For example, if software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using wired technologies (such as coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)), and / or wireless technologies (such as infrared, microwave), then these wired and / or wireless technologies are included within the definition of transmission media.

[0363] As used in this disclosure, the terms "system" and "network" may be used interchangeably. A "network" may refer to devices included in the network (e.g., base stations).

[0364] In the present disclosure, terms such as "precoding," "precoder," "weight (precoding weight)," "Quasi-Co-Location (QCL)," "Transmission Configuration Indication state (TCI state)," "spatial relation," "spatial domain filter," "transmit power," "phase rotation," "antenna port," "layer," "number of layers," "rank," "resource," "resource set," "beam," "beam width," "beam angle," "antenna," "antenna element," "panel," "UE panel," "transmitting entity," "receiving entity," etc. may be used interchangeably.

[0365] In the present disclosure, the term "antenna port" may be interchangeably read as an antenna port for any signal / channel (e.g., a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) port). In the present disclosure, the term "resource" may be interchangeably read as a resource for any signal / channel (e.g., a reference signal resource, an SRS resource, etc.). The resource may include time / frequency / code / space / power resources. The spatial domain transmission filter may include at least one of a spatial domain transmission filter and a spatial domain reception filter.

[0366] The group may include, for example, at least one of a spatial relationship group, a Code Division Multiplexing (CDM) group, a Reference Signal (RS) group, a Control Resource Set (CORESET) group, a PUCCH group, an antenna port group (e.g., a DMRS port group), a layer group, a resource group, a beam group, an antenna group, a panel group, and the like.

[0367] In addition, in the present disclosure, beam, SRS Resource Indicator (SRI), CORESET, CORESET pool, PDSCH, PUSCH, codeword (CW), transport block (TB), RS, etc. may be read as interchangeable terms.

[0368] In addition, in the present disclosure, the terms TCI state, downlink TCI state (DL TCI state), uplink TCI state (UL TCI state), unified TCI state, common TCI state, joint TCI state, etc. may be read interchangeably.

[0369] Furthermore, in this disclosure, terms such as "QCL," "QCL assumptions," "QCL relationships," "QCL type information," "QCL properties," "specific QCL type (e.g., Type A, Type D) properties," and "specific QCL type (e.g., Type A, Type D)" may be interchangeable.

[0370] In this disclosure, terms such as index, identifier (ID), indicator, indication, and resource ID may be interchangeable. In this disclosure, terms such as sequence, list, set, group, cluster, and subset may be interchangeable.

[0371] Furthermore, the spatial relationship information identifier (ID) (TCI state ID) and spatial relationship information (TCI state) may be interchangeable. "Spatial relationship information (TCI state)" may be interchangeable with "set of spatial relationship information (TCI state)", "one or more pieces of spatial relationship information", etc. The TCI state and TCI may be interchangeable. The spatial relationship information and spatial relationship may be interchangeable.

[0372] In this disclosure, terms such as "base station (BS)," "radio base station," "fixed station," "NodeB," "eNB (eNodeB)," "gNB (gNodeB)," "access point," "transmission point (TP)," "reception point (RP)," "transmission / reception point (TRP)," "panel," "cell," "sector," "cell group," "carrier," "component carrier," etc. may be used interchangeably. Base stations may also be referred to by terms such as macrocell, small cell, femtocell, picocell, etc.

[0373] A base station can accommodate one or more (e.g., three) cells. When a base station accommodates multiple cells, the overall coverage area of ​​the base station can be divided into multiple smaller areas, and each smaller area can be provided with communication service by a base station subsystem (e.g., a small indoor base station (Remote Radio Head (RRH))). The term "cell" or "sector" refers to a part or the entire coverage area of ​​a base station and / or base station subsystem that provides communication service within this coverage.

[0374] In the present disclosure, a base station transmitting information to a terminal may be interpreted as the base station instructing the terminal to control / operate based on the information.

[0375] In this disclosure, the terms "Mobile Station (MS)," "user terminal," "User Equipment (UE)," "terminal," etc. may be used interchangeably.

[0376] A mobile station may also be referred to as a subscriber station, mobile unit, subscriber unit, wireless unit, remote unit, mobile device, wireless device, wireless communication device, remote device, mobile subscriber station, access terminal, mobile terminal, wireless terminal, remote terminal, handset, user agent, mobile client, client, or some other suitable terminology.

[0377] At least one of the base station and the mobile station may be called a transmitting device, a receiving device, a wireless communication device, etc. Note that at least one of the base station and the mobile station may be a device mounted on a moving object, the moving object itself, etc.

[0378] The mobile body is a movable object that can move at any speed and naturally includes cases where the mobile body is stationary. Examples of the mobile body include, but are not limited to, vehicles, transport vehicles, automobiles, motorcycles, bicycles, connected cars, excavators, bulldozers, wheel loaders, dump trucks, forklifts, trains, buses, handcars, rickshaws, ships and other watercraft, airplanes, rockets, satellites, drones, multicopters, quadcopters, balloons, and objects mounted thereon. The mobile body may also be a mobile body that moves autonomously based on an operation command.

[0379] The mobile object may be a vehicle (e.g., a car, an airplane, etc.), an unmanned mobile object (e.g., a drone, an autonomous vehicle, etc.), or a robot (manned or unmanned). Note that at least one of the base station and the mobile station may also include devices that do not necessarily move during communication operations. For example, at least one of the base station and the mobile station may be an Internet of Things (IoT) device such as a sensor.

[0380] 11 is a diagram showing an example of a vehicle according to an embodiment. A vehicle 40 includes a drive unit 41, a steering unit 42, an accelerator pedal 43, a brake pedal 44, a shift lever 45, left and right front wheels 46, left and right rear wheels 47, axles 48, an electronic control unit 49, various sensors (including a current sensor 50, an RPM sensor 51, an air pressure sensor 52, a vehicle speed sensor 53, an acceleration sensor 54, an accelerator pedal sensor 55, a brake pedal sensor 56, a shift lever sensor 57, and an object detection sensor 58), an information service unit 59, and a communication module 60.

[0381] The drive unit 41 is configured with at least one of an engine, a motor, and a hybrid of an engine and a motor, for example. The steering unit 42 includes at least a steering wheel (also called a handle) and is configured to steer at least one of the front wheels 46 and the rear wheels 47 based on the operation of the steering wheel operated by the user.

[0382] The electronic control unit 49 is composed of a microprocessor 61, memory (ROM, RAM) 62, and a communication port (e.g., an input / output (IO) port) 63. Signals are input to the electronic control unit 49 from various sensors 50-58 provided in the vehicle. The electronic control unit 49 may also be called an Electronic Control Unit (ECU).

[0383] The signals from the various sensors 50-58 include a current signal from a current sensor 50 that senses the current of the motor, a rotation speed signal of the front wheels 46 / rear wheels 47 obtained by a rotation speed sensor 51, an air pressure signal of the front wheels 46 / rear wheels 47 obtained by an air pressure sensor 52, a vehicle speed signal obtained by a vehicle speed sensor 53, an acceleration signal obtained by an acceleration sensor 54, a depression amount signal of the accelerator pedal 43 obtained by an accelerator pedal sensor 55, a depression amount signal of the brake pedal 44 obtained by a brake pedal sensor 56, an operation signal of the shift lever 45 obtained by a shift lever sensor 57, and a detection signal for detecting obstacles, vehicles, pedestrians, etc. obtained by an object detection sensor 58.

[0384] The information service unit 59 is composed of various devices, such as a car navigation system, an audio system, speakers, a display, a television, and a radio, for providing (outputting) various information such as driving information, traffic information, and entertainment information, and one or more ECUs for controlling these devices. The information service unit 59 uses information acquired from external devices via the communication module 60 or the like to provide various information / services (for example, multimedia information / multimedia services) to the occupants of the vehicle 40.

[0385] The information service unit 59 may include input devices (e.g., keyboards, mice, microphones, switches, buttons, sensors, touch panels, etc.) that accept input from the outside, and may also include output devices (e.g., displays, speakers, LED lamps, touch panels, etc.) that output to the outside.

[0386] The driving assistance system unit 64 is configured with various devices that provide functions for preventing accidents and reducing the driver's driving burden, such as millimeter-wave radar, Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR), cameras, positioning locators (e.g., Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)), map information (e.g., High Definition (HD) maps, Autonomous Vehicle (AV) maps), gyro systems (e.g., Inertial Measurement Units (IMUs), Inertial Navigation Systems (INSs)), Artificial Intelligence (AI) chips, and AI processors, as well as one or more ECUs that control these devices. The driving assistance system unit 64 also transmits and receives various information via the communication module 60 to realize driving assistance functions or autonomous driving functions.

[0387] The communication module 60 can communicate with the microprocessor 61 and components of the vehicle 40 via the communication port 63. For example, the communication module 60 transmits and receives data (information) via the communication port 63 to and from the drive unit 41, steering unit 42, accelerator pedal 43, brake pedal 44, shift lever 45, left and right front wheels 46, left and right rear wheels 47, axles 48, the microprocessor 61 and memory (ROM, RAM) 62 in the electronic control unit 49, and the various sensors 50-58, which are provided in the vehicle 40.

[0388] The communication module 60 is a communication device that can be controlled by the microprocessor 61 of the electronic control unit 49 and can communicate with an external device. For example, it transmits and receives various information to and from the external device via wireless communication. The communication module 60 may be located either inside or outside the electronic control unit 49. The external device may be, for example, the above-mentioned base station 10 or user terminal 20. Furthermore, the communication module 60 may be, for example, at least one of the above-mentioned base station 10 and user terminal 20 (or may function as at least one of the base station 10 and user terminal 20).

[0389] The communication module 60 may transmit at least one of signals from the above-mentioned various sensors 50-58 input to the electronic control unit 49, information obtained based on the signals, and information based on input from the outside (user) obtained via the information service unit 59 to an external device via wireless communication. The electronic control unit 49, the various sensors 50-58, the information service unit 59, etc. may be referred to as input units that accept input. For example, the PUSCH transmitted by the communication module 60 may include information based on the above-mentioned input.

[0390] The communication module 60 receives various information (traffic information, traffic signal information, vehicle distance information, etc.) transmitted from external devices and displays it on an information service unit 59 provided in the vehicle. The information service unit 59 may also be called an output unit that outputs information (for example, outputs information to a device such as a display or speaker based on the PDSCH received by the communication module 60 (or data / information decoded from the PDSCH)).

[0391] Furthermore, the communication module 60 stores various information received from external devices in a memory 62 that can be used by the microprocessor 61. Based on the information stored in the memory 62, the microprocessor 61 may control the drive unit 41, steering unit 42, accelerator pedal 43, brake pedal 44, shift lever 45, left and right front wheels 46, left and right rear wheels 47, axles 48, various sensors 50-58, and the like provided in the vehicle 40.

[0392] Furthermore, a base station in the present disclosure may be read as a user terminal. For example, the aspects / embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied to a configuration in which communication between a base station and a user terminal is replaced with communication between multiple user terminals (which may be called, for example, Device-to-Device (D2D) or Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X)). In this case, the user terminal 20 may be configured to have the functions of the base station 10 described above. Furthermore, terms such as "uplink" and "downlink" may be read as terms corresponding to terminal-to-terminal communication (for example, "sidelink"). For example, terms such as uplink channel and downlink channel may be read as sidelink channel.

[0393] Similarly, the user terminal in the present disclosure may be read as a base station, in which case the base station 10 may be configured to have the functions of the user terminal 20 described above.

[0394] In the present disclosure, an operation described as being performed by a base station may be performed by its upper node in some cases. It is apparent that in a network including one or more network nodes having a base station, various operations performed for communication with a terminal may be performed by the base station, one or more network nodes other than the base station (such as, but not limited to, a Mobility Management Entity (MME) and a Serving-Gateway (S-GW)), or a combination thereof.

[0395] Each aspect / embodiment described in this disclosure may be used alone, in combination, or switched depending on the implementation. Furthermore, the order of the processing procedures, sequences, flowcharts, etc. of each aspect / embodiment described in this disclosure may be changed unless inconsistent. For example, the methods described in this disclosure present elements of various steps using an example order, and are not limited to the specific order presented.

[0396] Each aspect / embodiment described in the present disclosure may be a technology other than Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), LTE-Beyond (LTE-B), SUPER 3G, IMT-Advanced, 4th generation mobile communication system (4G), 5th generation mobile communication system (5G), 6th generation mobile communication system (6G), xth generation mobile communication system (xG (x is, for example, an integer or decimal number)), Future Radio Access (FRA), New-Radio Access Technology (RAT), New Radio (NR), New radio access (NX), Future generation radio access (FX), Global System for Mobile communications (GSM (registered trademark)), CDMA2000, Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE The present invention may be applied to systems that use 802.20, Ultra-WideBand (UWB), Bluetooth (registered trademark), or other appropriate wireless communication methods, or to next-generation systems that are expanded, modified, created, or defined based on these. It may also be applied to a combination of multiple systems (e.g., a combination of LTE or LTE-A and 5G).

[0397] As used in this disclosure, the phrase "based on" does not mean "based only on," unless expressly stated otherwise. In other words, the phrase "based on" means both "based only on" and "based at least on."

[0398] As used in this disclosure, any reference to an element using a designation such as "first," "second," etc. does not generally limit the quantity or order of those elements. These designations may be used in this disclosure as a convenient method of distinguishing between two or more elements. Thus, a reference to a first and a second element does not imply that only two elements may be employed or that the first element must in some way precede the second element.

[0399] The term "determining," as used in this disclosure, may encompass a wide variety of actions. For example, "determining" may be considered to be judging, calculating, computing, processing, deriving, investigating, looking up, search, inquiry (e.g., looking up in a table, database, or another data structure), ascertaining, etc.

[0400] Additionally, "determining" may be considered to be "determining" receiving (e.g., receiving information), transmitting (e.g., sending information), input, output, accessing (e.g., accessing data in memory), etc.

[0401] Furthermore, "determination" may be considered to be "determining" resolving, selecting, choosing, establishing, comparing, etc. In other words, "determination" may be considered to be "determining" some action. In the present disclosure, "determination" may be read interchangeably with the above-mentioned actions.

[0402] Furthermore, in this disclosure, "determine / determining" may be interchangeably read as "assume / assuming," "expect / expecting," "consider / considering," etc. Furthermore, in this disclosure, "does not expect to do..." may be interchangeably read as "assumes not to do...."

[0403] In the present disclosure, "expect" may be interchangeably read as "be expected." For example, "expect(s) ..." ("..." may be expressed, for example, as a that clause, a to-infinitive, etc.) may be interchangeably read as "be expected ...," "do ... (if the above "..." is a to-infinitive, a verb with "to")," etc. "does not expect ..." may be interchangeably read as "be not expected ...," "does not ... (if the above "..." is a to-infinitive, a verb with "to")," etc. Furthermore, "An apparatus A is not expected ..." may be interchangeably read as "an apparatus B other than apparatus A does not expect ... from apparatus A" (for example, if apparatus A is a UE, apparatus B may be a base station).

[0404] The "maximum transmit power" in this disclosure may mean the maximum value of transmit power, the nominal UE maximum transmit power, or the rated UE maximum transmit power.

[0405] As used in this disclosure, the terms "connected," "coupled," or any variation thereof, refer to any direct or indirect connection or coupling between two or more elements, and may include the presence of one or more intermediate elements between two elements that are "connected" or "coupled" to each other. The coupling or connection between elements may be physical, logical, or a combination thereof. For example, "connected" may be read as "access."

[0406] In this disclosure, when two elements are connected, they may be considered to be "connected" or "coupled" to one another using one or more wires, cables, printed electrical connections, etc., as well as using electromagnetic energy having wavelengths in the radio frequency range, microwave range, light (both visible and invisible) range, etc., as some non-limiting and non-exhaustive examples.

[0407] In the present disclosure, the term "A and B are different" may mean "A and B are different from each other." The term may also mean "A and B are each different from C." Terms such as "separate" and "coupled" may also be interpreted in the same way as "different."

[0408] When used in this disclosure, the terms "include," "including," and variations thereof are intended to be inclusive, similar to the term "comprising." Furthermore, when used in this disclosure, the term "or" is not intended to be an exclusive or.

[0409] In this disclosure, where articles are added by translation, such as a, an, and the in English, the disclosure may include that the nouns following these articles are in the plural form.

[0410] In the present disclosure, terms such as "less than or equal to," "less than," "greater than," "more than," "equal to," etc. may be interchangeable. Furthermore, in the present disclosure, terms meaning "good," "bad," "big," "small," "high," "low," "fast," "slow," "wide," "narrow," etc. may be interchangeable, not limited to the positive, comparative, and superlative. Furthermore, in the present disclosure, terms meaning "good," "bad," "big," "small," "high," "low," "fast," "slow," "wide," "narrow," etc. may be interchangeable, not limited to the positive, comparative, and superlative, as expressions with the prefix "i-th" (i is any integer) (for example, "highest" may be interchangeable as "i-th highest").

[0411] In this disclosure, the terms "of," "for," "regarding," "related to," "associated with," etc. may be read interchangeably.

[0412] In the present disclosure, terms such as "when A, B," "if A, (then) B," "B upon A," "B in response to A," "B based on A," "B during / while A," "B before A," "B at (the same time as) / on A," "B after A," "B since A," and "B until A" may be interchangeable. Note that A, B, and the like herein may be replaced with appropriate expressions, such as nouns, gerunds, and regular sentences, depending on the context. Note that the time difference between A and B may be nearly zero (immediately after or immediately before). A time offset may be applied to the time at which A occurs. For example, "A" may be interchangeable with "before / after the time offset at which A occurs." The time offset (eg, one or more symbols / slots) may be predefined or may be specified by the UE based on signaled information.

[0413] In the present disclosure, timing, time, duration, time instance, any time unit (e.g., slot, subslot, symbol, subframe), period, occasion, resource, etc. may be read interchangeably.

[0414] Although the invention according to the present disclosure has been described in detail above, it is clear to those skilled in the art that the invention according to the present disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described in the present disclosure. The description of the present disclosure is for illustrative purposes only and does not impose any limiting meaning on the invention according to the present disclosure.

Claims

1. a control unit for controlling measurements for inference report (IR) and performance monitoring report (PR); a transmitter that transmits the IR and the PR, The control unit calculates a performance index based on the inference result and the measurement for the PR.

2. The terminal of claim 1 , wherein the control unit calculates the performance index based on an inference result of an associated time instance or a channel state information (CSI) reference resource for an IR within a predetermined time period.

3. The terminal according to claim 1 , wherein a period of the measurement resource for PR is an integer multiple of a period of the measurement resource for IR.

4. the control unit calculates a processed performance index based on the plurality of performance indexes; The terminal of claim 1 , wherein the number of performance indicators for calculating the processed performance indicator is determined based on a specific condition.

5. controlling measurements for inference reporting (IR) and performance monitoring reporting (PR); transmitting the IR and the PR; A wireless communication method for a terminal, in which the terminal calculates a performance index based on the inference result and the measurement for the PR.

6. a transmitter for transmitting measurements for an inference report (IR) and settings for measurements for a performance monitoring report (PR); a control unit that controls reception of the IR and the PR transmitted from a terminal, A base station, wherein a performance index for the PR is calculated based on the inference result and the measurement for the PR.

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