System and method for cooling small nuclear reactor

Abstract

To provide a system and method for cooling a small nuclear reactor.SOLUTION: A small nuclear reactor cooling system (S100) provided herein comprises a cooling unit provided with a small nuclear reactor located therein (S110) and configured to perform a cooling process corresponding to a severe accident in the cooling system in the event of a severe accident in the small nuclear reactor (S120), where the cooling unit provides a first cooling fluid so as to perform the cooling process (S130) in response to heat generated by the severe accident.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 8

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a cooling system and method for a small nuclear reactor. [Background technology]

[0002] Currently, research and development is underway on SMRs, aiming for innovative safety improvements by incorporating various passive safety features. NuScale, currently regarded as the most advanced SMR reactor type, modularizes a 50MW reactor and achieves an output of 600MW. Furthermore, to ensure passive safety in the event of an accident, a containment building (e.g., a steel vessel) with the reactor in the cooling water tank can be provided within a large water tank. This structure makes periodic maintenance of the cooling water tank difficult and requires a great deal of effort to manage the water quality of the cooling water. Furthermore, a secondary facility is required to drain all water during periodic planned preventive maintenance and store it. This complicates the management system. Furthermore, considering the probability of a major accident occurring, the cost-effectiveness of such a facility is extremely low. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0003] The problem to be solved by the present invention is to ensure the integrity of the small nuclear reactor and the reactor building containing it by starting immediate passive cooling using a cooling means before full-scale cooling of the molten core begins.

[0004] Another object of the present invention is to provide reactor cooling that does not require water quality management for external tanks (e.g., water tanks, etc.).

[0005] In addition, a heat transfer device connected to the tank exchanges heat with the water in the containment compartment of the small nuclear reactor, thereby enabling passive cooling of the reactor for a long period of time (e.g., more than 72 hours, which is the standard time for operator action) without the need for separate operator intervention.

[0006] The objects of the present invention are not limited to those mentioned above, and other objects not mentioned herein will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the following description. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] To achieve the above object, one aspect of the present invention provides a small reactor cooling system, the cooling system including a cooling unit in which a small reactor is located and which performs cooling treatment in response to a severe accident occurring in the small reactor in the cooling system, the cooling unit providing a first cooling fluid to perform the cooling treatment in response to heat generated by the severe accident.

[0008] The cooling unit also includes a reactor containment body and a passive cooler, and the reactor containment body includes a bottom panel portion forming the bottom, a one-side outer panel portion provided at an upper portion of one side of the bottom panel portion, and an other-side outer panel portion provided at an upper portion of the other side of the bottom panel portion, and the other-side outer panel portion is located around the small reactor between the one-side outer panel portion and the other-side outer panel portion, and provides a first cooling fluid to the small reactor based on heat generated by the severe accident.

[0009] The reactor containment body further includes a plurality of internal panel portions provided between the one-side external panel portion and the other-side external panel portion, the small reactors being respectively positioned between the one-side external panel portion and the other-side external panel portion and the internal panel portion, and the passive cooler being positioned at least in a portion of the periphery of each of the small reactors to provide the first cooling fluid.

[0010] The passive cooling body also includes a first passive cooling body provided on the inner surface of the one side outer panel portion, a second passive cooling body provided on the inner surface of the other side outer panel portion, a third passive cooling body provided on at least a portion of the opposing surfaces between the inner panel portions, a fourth passive cooling body provided on at least a portion of the opposing surface of the inner panel portion facing the first passive cooling body of the first outer panel portion, and a fifth passive cooling body provided on at least a portion of the opposing surface of the inner panel portion facing the second passive cooling body of the inner panel portion.

[0011] The cooling unit further includes an internal heat transfer body, one end of which is in contact with the passive cooling body and the other end of which is in contact with the small nuclear reactor, and which links the passive cooling body with the small nuclear reactor, the internal heat transfer body transferring the heat generated by the serious accident of the small nuclear reactor to the passive cooling body, and the passive cooling body containing the first cooling fluid inside and discharging the first cooling fluid to the outside in response to the heat transfer of the internal heat transfer body.

[0012] The internal heat transfer body may include any one of a needle-shaped structure, a bar-shaped structure, and a panel-shaped structure.

[0013] At least one of the first to fifth passive cooling bodies is divided into a plurality of sections, each containing the first cooling fluid.

[0014] The passive cooling body further includes a sixth passive cooling body provided on the bottom panel portion.

[0015] The cooling system further includes an external cooling unit interlocked with the cooling unit, and an external heat transfer body for interlocking the cooling unit and the external cooling unit, and the external cooling unit includes an external housing filled with a second cooling fluid, and a multi-layer cooling body having a hollow structure immersed in the second cooling fluid in the external housing and folded into multiple layers.

[0016] The external cooling unit further includes a chimney-type cooler that cooperates with the multi-layer cooler to provide passive cooling to the small nuclear reactor based on the chimney effect.

[0017] The chimney-type cooling body also includes an immersion-type cooling body having a hollow structure immersed in the second cooling fluid in the external housing; a first exposed-type cooling body having a hollow structure connected to the immersion-type cooling body, immersed in the second cooling fluid in the external housing, and part of its height exposed to the outside; and a second exposed-type cooling body having a hollow structure connected to the first exposed-type cooling body via the immersion-type cooling body, immersed in the second cooling fluid in the external housing, and part of its height exposed to the outside at a height higher than that of the first exposed-type cooling body.

[0018] In addition, the external heat transfer body connects the first cooling fluid and the second cooling fluid through the multi-layer cooling body, and the external cooling unit performs the passive cooling process by natural evaporation in response to the heat generation of the small nuclear reactor.

[0019] In addition, the external cooling unit prevents the first cooling fluid of the cooling unit from lowering in level due to heat generation through heat exchange with the cooling unit, and the second cooling fluid of the external container allows the heat exchange to continue without any additional handling for a certain period, and the certain period includes a 72-hour period.

[0020] The external cooling unit is provided with the second cooling fluid to correspond to the total heat equivalent generated in the small nuclear reactor or the cooling unit.

[0021] To achieve the above object, a method for cooling a small nuclear reactor according to another aspect of the present invention includes the steps of: placing a small nuclear reactor in a cooling system; and performing a cooling process in the cooling system in response to a severe accident occurring in the small nuclear reactor, the cooling system including a cooling unit in which the small nuclear reactor is located and which provides a first cooling fluid in response to heat generated by the severe accident. [Effects of the Invention]

[0022] The cooling system and method for a small nuclear reactor according to the present invention as described above has one or more of the following advantages.

[0023] The present invention can ensure the integrity of the small nuclear reactor and the reactor building containing it by initiating immediate passive cooling by the cooling means before full-scale cooling of the molten core begins.

[0024] Furthermore, reactor cooling can be performed without requiring water quality management for external tanks (e.g., water tanks, etc.).

[0025] In addition, a heat transfer device connected to such a tank allows heat exchange with the water in the containment compartment of the small reactor, making it possible to perform passive reactor cooling for the long term (e.g., more than 72 hours, which is the standard time for operator action) without the need for separate operator intervention. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0026] [Figure 1] 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a small nuclear reactor cooling system according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing in detail the configuration of the small reactor cooling system shown in FIG. 1. [Figure 3] FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram showing the configuration of the small reactor cooling system shown in FIG. 1. [Figure 4] FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram showing the configuration of the small reactor cooling system shown in FIG. 1. [Figure 5] FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram showing the configuration of the small reactor cooling system shown in FIG. 1. [Figure 6] FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram showing the overall configuration of the small-scale nuclear reactor cooling system shown in FIG. 1. [Figure 7] FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram showing the overall configuration of the small-scale nuclear reactor cooling system shown in FIG. 1. [Figure 8]1 is a flowchart sequentially illustrating a method for cooling a small nuclear reactor according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0027] Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Advantages and features of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The advantages and features of the present invention, as well as methods for achieving them, will become clear from the following detailed description of the embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments disclosed below, and can be embodied in various different forms. These embodiments are provided solely to complete the disclosure of the present invention and to fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art. The present invention is defined solely by the scope of the claims. The same reference symbols refer to the same elements throughout the specification.

[0028] 1, a small reactor cooling system 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a small reactor 130, a cooling unit 110, and an external cooling unit 120. Referring to FIG. 2, the cooling unit 110 of the small reactor cooling system includes a reactor containment body 111 and a passive cooler 112.

[0029] Here, the reactor containment vessel 111 includes a bottom panel portion 1111, one side outer panel portion 1112, the other side outer panel portion 1113, and an inner panel portion 1114. The passive cooling bodies 112 include a first passive cooling body 112, a second passive cooling body 112, a third passive cooling body 112, a fourth passive cooling body 112, and a fifth passive cooling body 112.

[0030] The external cooling unit 120 includes an external container 121, a multi-layer cooling body 122, a chimney cooling body 123, and an external heat transfer body 124. The chimney cooling body 123 includes an immersion cooling body 1231, a first exposed cooling body 1232, and a second exposed cooling body 1233.

[0031] 3 to 5, the small nuclear reactor 130 is located inside the cooling unit 110 of the cooling system 100. When a serious accident occurs in the small nuclear reactor 130, the cooling unit 110 performs a cooling process in the cooling system 100 to deal with the serious accident.

[0032] The cooling unit 110 provides a first cooling fluid W1 to perform the cooling process in response to heat generated by the severe accident. The reactor containment body 111 of the cooling system 100 has the bottom panel portion 1111 as a bottom.

[0033] The one-side outer panel part 1112 is provided on one side of the bottom panel part 1111 to form a wall, and the other-side outer panel part 1113 is provided on the other side of the bottom panel part 1111 to form a wall.

[0034] The cooling unit 110 of the cooling system 100 is located around the small nuclear reactor 130 between the one side outer panel portion 1112 and the other side outer panel portion 1113 .

[0035] In this case, the cooling unit 110 is configured to provide a first cooling fluid W1 to the small nuclear reactor 130 based on heat generated by the severe accident. The inner panel 1114 of the reactor containment body 111 forms one or more walls between the one side outer panel 1112 and the other side outer panel 1113.

[0036] The small reactors 130 are respectively located between the one-side outer panel portion 1112, the other-side outer panel portion 1113, and the inner panel portion 1114. The passive cooler 112 is located at least partially around the periphery of each small reactor 130 to provide the first cooling fluid W1.

[0037] Furthermore, the first passive cooling body 112 of the passive cooling body 112 is provided on the inner surface of the one side outer panel part 1112. The second passive cooling body 112 of the passive cooling body 112 is provided on the inner surface of the other side outer panel part 1113.

[0038] The third passive cooling body 112 of the passive cooling body 112 is provided on at least a portion of the opposing surface between the inner panel portions 1114. The fourth passive cooling body 1124 is provided on at least a portion of the opposing surface of the inner panel portion 1114 facing the first passive cooling body 1121 of the one-side outer panel portion 1112.

[0039] The fifth passive cooling body 1125 of the passive cooling body 112 is provided on at least a part of the opposing surface of the inner panel portion 1114 that faces the second passive cooling body 1122 of the inner panel portion 1114 .

[0040] Furthermore, the first to sixth passive cooling bodies 112 of the passive cooling bodies 112 are classified into a manual type and an automatic type when responding to the heat generated in the serious accident.

[0041] In the manual method, the first cooling fluid W1 is released from the first through sixth passive cooling bodies 112 through 112 by a physical force generated by a trigger means (not shown) on an actuator base to respond to the heat generation (see FIG. 3).

[0042] Here, the trigger means is provided on the first to sixth passive cooling bodies 112 in a manner that allows it to be pressed, pierced, cut, etc. As a result, the first to sixth passive cooling bodies 112 in a manner that allows the first cooling fluid W1 to flow out (see FIG. 5).

[0043] In the manual mode, the cooling system can be driven by an operator or a control device. In the automatic mode, the internal heat transfer body 113 is provided so as to be in direct contact between the small nuclear reactor 130 and the first to sixth passive cooling bodies 112 (see FIG. 4).

[0044] Due to this direct contact, the heat generated by the serious accident is transferred to the first through sixth passive cooling bodies 112. The first through sixth passive cooling bodies 112 are at least partially melted by the heat, causing the first cooling fluid W1 to flow out (see FIG. 5).

[0045] The internal heat transfer body 113 of the cooling unit 110 is provided so that one side is in contact with the passive cooling body 112 and the other side is in contact with the small nuclear reactor 130, and links the passive cooling body 112 and the small nuclear reactor 130.

[0046] Furthermore, the internal heat transfer body 113 transfers the heat generated by the severe accident of the small nuclear reactor 130 to the passive cooling body 112. The passive cooling body 112 contains the first cooling fluid W1 therein.

[0047] The first cooling fluid W1 is discharged to the outside in response to the heat transfer of the internal heat transfer body 113. The internal heat transfer body 113 includes a needle-shaped structure, a bar-shaped structure, a panel-shaped structure, or the like.

[0048] In this case, at least one of the first passive cooling body 1121 to the fifth passive cooling body 1125 is divided into a plurality of sections, each containing the first cooling fluid W1. The sixth passive cooling body 1126 of the passive cooling body 112 is provided on the bottom panel part 1111.

[0049] 6 and 7, the external cooling unit 120 of the cooling system 100 is coupled to the cooling unit 110. The external heat transfer body 124 of the cooling system 100 couples the cooling unit 110 and the external cooling unit 120.

[0050] The external accommodating body 121 of the external cooling unit 120 is filled with a second cooling fluid W2. The multi-layer cooling body 122 of the external cooling unit 120 has a hollow structure.

[0051] The multi-layer cooling body 122 of the external cooling unit 120 is immersed in the second cooling fluid W2 in the external receiving body 121 and folded into multiple layers.

[0052] The chimney-type cooler 123 of the external cooling unit 120 cooperates with the multi-layer cooler 122 to provide passive cooling to the small nuclear reactor 130 based on the chimney effect.

[0053] Furthermore, the immersion-type cooling body 1231 of the chimney-type cooling body 123 has a hollow structure and is immersed in the second cooling fluid W2 in the external accommodating body 121. The first exposed-type cooling body 1232 of the chimney-type cooling body 123 has a hollow structure.

[0054] The immersion-type cooling body 1231 of the chimney-type cooling body 123 is connected to the first exposed-type cooling body 1232. The first exposed-type cooling body 1232 of the external accommodating body 121 is immersed in the second cooling fluid W2, and a part of its height direction is exposed to the outside.

[0055] Here, the second exposed-type cooling body 1233 of the chimney-type cooling body 123 has a hollow structure and is connected to the first exposed-type cooling body 1232 via the immersion-type cooling body 1231.

[0056] The second exposed-type cooling body 1233 is immersed in the second cooling fluid W2 in the external container 121, and a part of the second exposed-type cooling body 1233 in the height direction is higher than the first exposed-type cooling body 1232 and is exposed to the outside.

[0057] The external heat transfer body 124 connects the first cooling fluid W1 and the second cooling fluid W2 via the multi-layer cooling body 122. The external cooling unit 120 performs the passive cooling process by natural evaporation in response to the heat generated by the small nuclear reactor 130.

[0058] Furthermore, the external cooling unit 120 prevents the first cooling fluid W1 of the cooling unit 110 from lowering in level due to the heat generated therein by exchanging heat with the cooling unit 110.

[0059] The external cooling unit 120 allows the heat exchange to be continuously performed without any additional handling of the second cooling fluid W2 in the external container 121 for a certain period, the certain period including a period of at least 72 hours.

[0060] Here, the external cooling unit 120 is provided with the second cooling fluid W2 corresponding to the total heat equivalent generated in the small nuclear reactor 130 or the cooling unit 110.

[0061] 8, in a method S100 for cooling a small nuclear reactor according to an embodiment of the present invention, a small nuclear reactor 130 is located in a cooling system 100. Furthermore, in response to the occurrence of a serious accident in the small nuclear reactor 130, the cooling system 100 performs a cooling process to deal with the serious accident.

[0062] The small nuclear reactor 130 is located inside the cooling system 100. The cooling system 100 includes a cooling unit 110 that provides a first cooling fluid W1 in response to heat generated by the severe accident.

[0063] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention can be embodied in other specific forms without changing the technical spirit or essential features of the present invention. Therefore, it should be understood that the above-described embodiment is illustrative in all respects and is not limiting.

Claims

1. 1. A small reactor cooling system, comprising: a cooling unit in which a small nuclear reactor is located and which performs cooling processing to deal with the serious accident in the small nuclear reactor using the cooling system in response to the occurrence of the serious accident; The cooling unit comprises: providing a first cooling fluid to perform the cooling process in response to heat generated by the serious accident; the cooling unit includes a reactor containment body and a passive cooling body; The reactor containment body is The bag includes a bottom panel portion forming a bottom, one outer panel portion provided on an upper portion of one side of the bottom panel portion, another outer panel portion provided on an upper portion of the other side of the bottom panel portion, and a plurality of inner panel portions provided between the one outer panel portion and the other outer panel portion, The cooling unit comprises: a cooling system for the small nuclear reactor, the cooling system being located around the small nuclear reactor between the one-side outer panel portion and the other-side outer panel portion, and providing a first cooling fluid for the small nuclear reactor based on heat generated by the severe accident; The small reactor is located between the one side outer panel portion, the other side outer panel portion, and the inner panel portion, the passive cooler is located at least partially around the periphery of each of the small nuclear reactors to provide the first cooling fluid; The passive cooling body is a first passive cooling body provided on an inner surface of the one outer panel portion; a second passive cooling body provided on an inner surface of the other outer panel portion; a third passive cooling body provided on at least a portion of the opposing surfaces between the inner panel portions; a fourth passive cooling body provided on at least a portion of a surface of the inner panel portion facing the first passive cooling body of the one outer panel portion; a fifth passive cooling body provided on at least a part of a facing surface of the inner panel portion that faces the second passive cooling body of the inner panel portion; The cooling unit comprises: The passive cooling body further includes an internal heat transfer body, one of which is in contact with the passive cooling body and the other of which is in contact with the small nuclear reactor, and which couples the passive cooling body with the small nuclear reactor; The internal heat transfer body is The heat generated by the serious accident of the small nuclear reactor is constantly transferred to the passive cooler; The passive cooling body is A small reactor cooling system that contains the first cooling fluid inside and causes the first cooling fluid to flow out in response to the heat transfer from the internal heat transfer body.

2. The small nuclear reactor cooling system according to claim 1 , wherein the internal heat transfer body comprises one of a needle-shaped structure, a bar-shaped structure, and a panel-shaped structure.

3. 2. The small reactor cooling system according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the first passive cooling body through the fifth passive cooling body is divided into a plurality of sections, each containing the first cooling fluid.

4. 2. The small nuclear reactor cooling system of claim 1, wherein the passive cooling body further comprises a sixth passive cooling body provided on the bottom panel portion.

5. 1. A small reactor cooling system, comprising: a cooling unit in which a small nuclear reactor is located and which performs cooling processing to deal with the serious accident in the small nuclear reactor using the cooling system in response to the occurrence of the serious accident; The cooling unit comprises: providing a first cooling fluid to perform the cooling process in response to heat generated by the serious accident; the cooling unit includes a reactor containment body and a passive cooling body; The reactor containment body is The device includes a bottom panel portion forming a bottom, one outer panel portion provided on one upper side of the bottom panel portion, and another outer panel portion provided on the other upper side of the bottom panel portion, The cooling unit comprises: a cooling system for the small nuclear reactor, the cooling system being located around the small nuclear reactor between the one-side outer panel portion and the other-side outer panel portion, and providing a first cooling fluid for the small nuclear reactor based on heat generated by the severe accident; The cooling system comprises: an external cooling unit associated with the cooling unit; further comprising an external heat transfer body for interconnecting the cooling unit and the external cooling unit; The external cooling unit comprises: an external container filled with a second cooling fluid; A compact nuclear reactor cooling system including a multi-layer coolant body that is immersed in the second cooling fluid in the outer containment as a hollow structure and folded into multiple layers.

6. The external cooling unit comprises:

6. The small reactor cooling system of claim 5, further comprising a chimney-type coolant that cooperates with the multi-layer coolant to provide passive cooling of the small reactor based on the chimney effect.

7. The chimney-type cooling body is an immersion cooling body having a hollow structure immersed in the second cooling fluid in the external container; a first exposed-type cooling body having a hollow structure connected to the immersion-type cooling body, immersed in the second cooling fluid in the external container, and having a part of its height exposed to the outside; 7. The small reactor cooling system of claim 6, further comprising a second exposed-type coolant having a hollow structure, the second exposed-type coolant being connected to the first exposed-type coolant via the immersion-type coolant, the second exposed-type coolant being immersed in the second cooling fluid in the external container, and a portion of the second exposed-type coolant being exposed to the outside and higher in height than the first exposed-type coolant.

8. the external heat transfer body connects the first cooling fluid and the second cooling fluid through the multi-layer cooling body; The external cooling unit comprises: The small reactor cooling system according to claim 7, wherein the passive cooling process is performed by natural evaporation in response to the heat generation of the small reactor.

9. The external cooling unit comprises: The first cooling fluid in the cooling unit is prevented from decreasing in water level due to the heat generated by heat exchange with the cooling unit. The small-scale nuclear reactor cooling system of claim 7 , wherein the second cooling fluid in the external containment allows the heat exchange to be continuously performed without any additional treatment for a certain period of time.

10. The external cooling unit comprises: The small nuclear reactor cooling system of claim 9 , wherein the second cooling fluid is provided to correspond to a total heat equivalent generated in the small nuclear reactor or the cooling unit.

11. A method for cooling a small nuclear reactor, comprising: The small reactor is located in the cooling system; and In response to a serious accident occurring in the small nuclear reactor, a cooling process corresponding to the serious accident is performed in the cooling system; The cooling system comprises: The small nuclear reactor is located inside, a cooling unit that provides a first cooling fluid in response to heat generated by the serious accident; the cooling unit includes a reactor containment body and a passive cooling body; The reactor containment body is The bag includes a bottom panel portion forming a bottom, one outer panel portion provided on an upper portion of one side of the bottom panel portion, another outer panel portion provided on an upper portion of the other side of the bottom panel portion, and a plurality of inner panel portions provided between the one outer panel portion and the other outer panel portion, the cooling unit is located around the small nuclear reactor between the one-side outer panel portion and the other-side outer panel portion, The small reactor is located between the one side outer panel portion, the other side outer panel portion, and the inner panel portion, the passive cooler is located at least partially around the periphery of each of the small nuclear reactors to provide the first cooling fluid; The passive cooling body is a first passive cooling body provided on an inner surface of the one outer panel portion; a second passive cooling body provided on an inner surface of the other outer panel portion; a third passive cooling body provided on at least a portion of the opposing surfaces between the inner panel portions; a fourth passive cooling body provided on at least a portion of a surface of the inner panel portion facing the first passive cooling body of the one outer panel portion; a fifth passive cooling body provided on at least a part of a facing surface of the inner panel portion that faces the second passive cooling body of the inner panel portion; The cooling unit comprises: The passive cooling body further includes an internal heat transfer body, one of which is in contact with the passive cooling body and the other of which is in contact with the small nuclear reactor, and which couples the passive cooling body with the small nuclear reactor; The internal heat transfer body is The heat generated by the serious accident of the small nuclear reactor is constantly transferred to the passive cooler; the passive cooling body contains the first cooling fluid therein; A method for cooling a small nuclear reactor, wherein, during the cooling process, the passive cooling body causes the first cooling fluid to flow out in response to the heat transfer from the internal heat transfer body.

12. A method for cooling a small nuclear reactor, comprising: The small reactor is located in the cooling system; and In response to a serious accident occurring in the small nuclear reactor, a cooling process corresponding to the serious accident is performed in the cooling system; The cooling system comprises: The small nuclear reactor is located inside, a cooling unit that provides a first cooling fluid in response to heat generated by the serious accident; the cooling unit includes a reactor containment body and a passive cooling body; The reactor containment body is The device includes a bottom panel portion forming a bottom, one outer panel portion provided on one upper side of the bottom panel portion, and another outer panel portion provided on the other upper side of the bottom panel portion, the cooling unit is located around the small nuclear reactor between the one-side outer panel portion and the other-side outer panel portion, the cooling system further includes an external cooling unit and an external heat transfer body; The external cooling unit comprises: an external container filled with a second cooling fluid; a multi-layer cooling body that is a hollow structure and is immersed in the second cooling fluid in the external container and folded into multiple layers; A method for cooling a small nuclear reactor, wherein the cooling unit and the external cooling unit are interconnected by the external heat transfer body during the cooling process.

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