Apartment house and construction method thereof

Abstract

To provide apartment houses that enable both the reduction of carbon dioxide emissions and the reduction of on-site construction work amount.SOLUTION: An apartment house 1 comprises three or more columns 14-16 arranged along partitions between mutually adjacent dwelling units 2, and first and second partition walls 21A, 21B respectively provided between mutually adjacent columns 14-15 and 15-16. The first and second partition walls 21A, 21B are precast walls containing materials capable of absorbing carbon dioxide.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to an apartment building and a construction method thereof. [Background technology]

[0002] In recent years, in order to reduce carbon dioxide emissions, carbonation curing, in which concrete absorbs carbon dioxide, has been performed. Patent Document 1 describes a method in which concrete is exposed to a carbon dioxide atmosphere after removal from its form, thereby forming a carbonated region from the surface of the concrete to a certain depth. Meanwhile, due to the recent labor shortage, reducing the amount of on-site construction work in building construction has become a major issue. For this reason, the use of precast concrete members has been promoted. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2011-168436 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] Reducing carbon dioxide emissions and reducing the amount of on-site construction work are both major challenges, but they have traditionally been considered completely separate issues, and measures have been taken separately.

[0005] The present invention aims to provide an apartment building and a construction method that can achieve both a reduction in carbon dioxide emissions and a reduction in the amount of on-site construction work. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] The apartment building of the present invention has three or more columns arranged along the boundaries between adjacent dwelling units, and a plurality of partition walls provided between each of the adjacent columns. The partition walls are precast walls containing a material capable of absorbing carbon dioxide. [Effects of the Invention]

[0007] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide an apartment building and a construction method thereof that can achieve both a reduction in carbon dioxide emissions and a reduction in the amount of on-site construction work. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0008] [Figure 1] 1 is a partial plan view of an apartment building according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] 2 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view taken along the lines A1-A1 and A2-A2 in FIG. 1. [Figure 3] FIG. 2 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a schematic construction step diagram of the apartment building shown in FIGS. [Figure 5] FIG. 4 is a schematic construction step diagram of the apartment building shown in FIGS. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0009] Hereinafter, with reference to the drawings, an embodiment of an apartment building and a construction method thereof according to the present invention will be described. The embodiment described below is directed to a slab-type apartment building, but the configuration of the apartment building is not limited thereto, and the present invention can also be applied to, for example, a high-rise or ultra-high-rise tower-shaped apartment building. In the following description, the direction of the girders is called the X direction, the direction between the beams is called the Y direction, and the up-down direction (vertical direction) is called the Z direction. The X direction, Y direction, and Z direction are perpendicular to each other.

[0010] FIG. 1 is a partial plan view of a representative floor of an apartment building 1, FIG. 2(a) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view taken along line A1-A1 in FIG. 1, FIG. 2(b) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view taken along line A2-A2 in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. 1. FIG. 1(a) is a plan view taken along line CC in FIG. 2, and FIG. 1(b) is a plan view taken along line DD in FIG. 2. Multiple dwelling units 2 are arranged in the X direction. A first X-direction beam 11 and a second X-direction beam 12 extend in the X direction on both sides of each dwelling unit 2 in the Y direction. The first X-direction beam 11 faces the balcony 3, and the second X-direction beam 12 faces the common corridor 4. A Y-direction beam 13 extending in the Y direction is provided between adjacent dwelling units 2. A first outer column 14 is provided at the intersection of the first X-direction beam 11 and the Y-direction beam 13, a second outer column 15 is provided at the intersection of the second X-direction beam 12 and the Y-direction beam 13, and one intermediate column 16 is provided near the center of the Y-direction beam 13. Therefore, three columns 14 to 16 are arranged in the Y direction at each unit boundary. Multiple first outer columns 14 are arranged along the first X-direction beam 11, and multiple second outer columns 15 are arranged along the second X-direction beam 12. In this embodiment, earthquake-resistant walls, which are generally provided at the unit boundaries between dwelling units 2, are omitted, and instead, intermediate columns 16 and a unit boundary wall 21, which will be described below, are provided. A floor slab 17 is provided in each dwelling unit 2, balcony 3, and common corridor 4. The floor slab 17 is supported by the first X-direction beam 11, second X-direction beam 12, first outer column 14, second outer column 15, and intermediate column 16.

[0011] As shown in Figure 1(b), a first partition wall 21A and a second partition wall 21B are provided between adjacent columns 14 to 16 in the Y direction, i.e., between the first outer column 14 and the intermediate column 16, and between the second outer column 15 and the intermediate column 16, respectively. The first partition wall 21A is adjacent to the first outer column 14 and the intermediate column 16 in the Y direction, and the second partition wall 21B is adjacent to the second outer column 15 and the intermediate column 16 in the Y direction. In the following description, when it is not necessary to distinguish between the first partition wall 21A and the second partition wall 21B, they may be simply referred to as the partition wall 21.

[0012] The partition wall 21 is a precast concrete wall and is a non-load-bearing wall. Therefore, the apartment building 1 has a rigid frame structure in both the X and Y directions. Since the rigid frame structure provides the structural strength of the building, the partition wall 21 mainly functions as a partition and provides sound insulation. The thickness of the partition wall 21 is preferably equal to or less than the earthquake-resistant wall conventionally installed at the location of the partition wall 21, and is, for example, approximately 200 mm.

[0013] It is preferable that the partition wall 21 and the intermediate post 16 have the same width (X-direction dimension), and the intermediate post 16 is a wall post whose Y-direction dimension is longer than its X-direction dimension. This prevents the intermediate post 16 from protruding into the dwelling unit 2, achieving a flat wall surface. However, it is also possible to allow the intermediate post 16 to protrude, in which case there are no restrictions on the dimensions or shape of the intermediate post 16, and it can have any cross-sectional shape.

[0014] As shown in Figure 2, first gaps 24 extending in the Z direction are provided between the first partition wall 21A and the first outer column 14, between the first partition wall 21A and the intermediate column 16, between the second partition wall 21B and the second outer column 15, and between the second partition wall 21B and the intermediate column 16. The first partition wall 21A and the second partition wall 21B each have an upper wall 22 and a lower wall 23 separated in the Z direction. A second gap 25 extending horizontally is provided between the upper wall 22 and the lower wall 23. The widths of the first gap 24 and the second gap 25 are preferably approximately 10 to 15 mm.

[0015] The first gap 24 is provided to structurally separate the partition wall 21 from the columns 14-16 and prevent damage to the partition wall 21 due to deformation during an earthquake. The first gap 24 is sealed with a first sealing material 26. In Figures 1(b) and 2, a portion of the first sealing material 26 is omitted to show the first gap 24, but all of the first gaps 24 are sealed with the first sealing material 26. The first sealing material 26 is formed from a general architectural sealing material such as a polyurethane or silicone-based material. If the width of the first gap 24 and the second gap 25 is 25 mm or less, the sealing material itself does not need to have sound-insulating properties.

[0016] The second gap 25 is provided to divide the partition wall 21 in the Z direction. The second gap 25 is sealed with the second sealing material 27. In Figure 2, a portion of the second sealing material 27 is omitted to show the second gap 25, but all of the second gaps 25 are sealed with the second sealing material 27. Generally, the story drift angle of a building is 1 / 100 radian, so the story drift between adjacent beams in the Z direction is approximately 30 mm. However, because the partition wall 21 is divided into the upper wall 22 and the lower wall 23, the story drift occurring in each of the upper wall 22 and the lower wall 23 is approximately 15 mm. This level of story drift can be accommodated with a standard sealing material. Furthermore, dividing the partition wall 21 into upper and lower parts also alleviates restrictions on the lifting capacity of the lifting machine used for installation. For ease of installation, the second sealing material 27 is preferably formed from the same material as the first sealing material 26.

[0017] The concrete of the partition wall 21 is carbonation cured. Carbonation curing is performed by placing the concrete in a carbon dioxide environment while it is curing. There are no restrictions on the carbon dioxide concentration in the carbon dioxide environment, but a molar ratio of 5% to 95% is preferable. The partition wall 21 is precast and therefore manufactured in a factory. Precast factories use boilers for steam curing, so the carbon dioxide emitted from the boiler is absorbed by the concrete. To place the concrete in a carbon dioxide environment, the concrete is either covered with a cover after being poured and removed from the frame, or placed in a dedicated room. Steam and carbon dioxide are supplied through separate pipes, and are supplied simultaneously through openings or nozzles in the pipes.

[0018] Conventionally, partition walls in apartment buildings have been made with cast-in-place concrete. This is because the partition wall only needs to have a simple shape, with formwork covering the sides, and the concrete is mainly filled vertically, making on-site construction easy. However, by precasting the partition wall 21, it becomes possible to reduce the amount of on-site work required to address the expected labor shortage in the future. By manufacturing the partition wall 21 in a precast factory, it is also easy to secure the carbon dioxide (boiler exhaust gas in this embodiment) required for carbonation curing. As a result, it becomes easy to have the carbon dioxide emitted from the boiler absorbed by the concrete, reducing (or eliminating) carbon dioxide emissions.

[0019] Furthermore, because the partition wall 21 has no openings and a simple shape, it is rational from a design perspective to use it as a seismic wall. That is, since many seismic walls are installed in the Y direction, it is easy to ensure structural strength. Meanwhile, in this embodiment, a rigid frame structure is used in both the X and Y directions, but the strength of the building can be ensured by appropriately designing the beams and columns.

[0020] The concrete of the partition wall 21 has a design strength of 20N / mm 2 It is preferable to use low-strength concrete of the following strength: 100% or less. This is because the lower the design standard strength, the greater the amount of carbon dioxide absorbed. Since the partition wall 21 is not a load-bearing wall, it does not need to be high-strength concrete. In other words, by making the partition wall 21 a non-load-bearing wall that does not require high strength, it is possible to simultaneously increase the amount of carbon dioxide absorbed.

[0021] Concrete neutralizes by absorbing carbon dioxide. Conventionally, concrete is maintained at an alkaline pH of approximately 11 or higher to form a passive film on the surface of reinforcing bars, which prevents corrosion. Therefore, neutralizing concrete is not desirable for preventing corrosion of reinforcing bars. However, the partition wall 21 of this embodiment contains non-metallic fibers, such as aramid fiber and carbon fiber, to reinforce the concrete, eliminating the need for reinforcing bars. Therefore, even if the partition wall 21 contains reinforcing bars, corrosion of the reinforcing bars is not a major issue. The pH of the concrete surface at the end of carbonation curing is between 7 and 10. Since carbon dioxide penetrates from the surface of the concrete into its interior, controlling the amount of carbon dioxide absorption can limit the penetration area to the outside of the reinforcing bars. Alternatively, the thickness of the reinforcing bar cover can be increased depending on the amount of carbon dioxide. If these measures can prevent or suppress reinforcing bar corrosion, reinforcing bars can be installed.

[0022] The floor slab 17 is a slab made of reinforced concrete, and the concrete may be either poured on-site or precast. The floor slab 17 is carbonation cured, and its pH is about the same as that of the partition wall 21. The floor slab 17, like the partition wall 21, has a design standard strength of 20 N / mm 2It is preferable to use low-strength concrete, as described below. This increases the amount of carbon dioxide absorbed. The floor slab 17 is a load-bearing element, but because it is primarily supported by its own weight, even if some concrete neutralization occurs, the impact on its load-bearing capacity is limited. As shown in Figures 1(a) and 2(b), the floor slab 17 incorporates tendons 30 extending in the Y direction. Fixing devices 31 are attached to both ends of the tendons 30 in the Y direction to tension the tendons 30 and maintain their tension. Therefore, the floor slab 17 is prestressed in the Y direction by the tendons 30. Several tendons 30 are installed in each dwelling unit 2 and can be made, for example, of PC steel wires, PC steel wire strands coated with a corrosion inhibitor such as resin, or aramid fiber-reinforced plastic. The concrete of the floor slab 17 is preferably reinforced with fiber reinforcing materials such as aramid. These measures reduce the load on the reinforcing bars and easily ensure the structural strength of the floor slab 17. The installation of the tendons 30 and the fiber reinforcement is optional, and at least one of them may be omitted.

[0023] Because the first X-direction beam 11, the second X-direction beam 12, the first outer column 14, the second outer column 15, and the intermediate column 16 (hereinafter referred to as column-beam members) are members that form a rigid-frame structure, it is desirable to avoid carbonation of the concrete. Therefore, carbonation curing is not performed on the column-beam members. Although carbon dioxide cannot be absorbed in this case, as an alternative, for example, concrete containing 50% or more by mass of blast furnace slag in powder form and containing no or almost no cement can be used for the column-beam members. This reduces the amount of carbon dioxide emitted during the production of the materials for the column-beam members, making it possible to substantially reduce carbon dioxide emissions.

[0024] According to one calculation, the carbon dioxide emissions of the partition wall 21, floor slab 17, and column and beam members are approximately 10-15%, 50-55%, and 35-40%, respectively. Here, the carbon dioxide emissions when ordinary cement is used for the concrete of the partition wall 21, floor slab 17, and column and beam members and carbonation curing is not performed is assumed to be 100%. Therefore, while carbon dioxide emissions can be reduced to a certain extent by carbonation curing only the partition wall 21, which is a non-load-bearing wall, further carbonation curing of the floor slab 17 can reduce carbon dioxide emissions by approximately 65-70%. Furthermore, by using concrete containing little or no cement for the column and beam members, carbon dioxide emissions can be virtually eliminated.

[0025] Next, we will explain the construction method for the apartment building 1. Since the foundation work and equipment work are the same as conventional methods, we will focus on the construction method for the skeleton of one floor. Figures 4 and 5 are step diagrams that outline the construction method for the skeleton of the apartment building 1. In Figure 4(a), the construction of the first and second X-direction beams 11 and 12 and the Y-direction beam 13 has been completed, and although not shown, the construction of the floor slab 17 that forms the floor surface of the floor has also been completed. An insert bar 28, described below, is provided on the upper surface of the Y-direction beam 13. First, as shown in Figure 4(b), the first outer column 14, the second outer column 15, and the intermediate column 16 are installed on the first and second X-direction beams 11 and 12 and the Y-direction beam 13. The columns 14 to 16 may be made of either cast-in-place concrete or precast.

[0026] Next, as shown in FIG. 4( c), the lower walls 23 of the first and second partition walls 21A, 21B are joined to the Y-direction beam 13. Because the lower walls 23 do not need to be firmly joined to the Y-direction beam 13, a simple connection structure can be used. In this embodiment, the Y-direction beam 13 is provided with insert bars 28 protruding upward from its top surface, and holes 29 into which the insert bars 28 are inserted are provided on the underside of the lower walls 23. The lower walls 23 are hung from between the columns so that the insert bars 28 are inserted into the holes 29, and the lower walls 23 are placed on the Y-direction beam 13. Grout (not shown) is then poured into the holes 29 to join the lower walls 23 to the Y-direction beam 13.

[0027] Next, as shown in FIG. 5(a), the upper walls 22 of the first and second partition walls 21A and 21B are attached. In this case, it is preferable to integrally fabricate the upper walls 22 and the Y-direction beams 13 directly above them using precast concrete. The upper walls 22 and the Y-direction beams 13 may be cast as a single unit. Alternatively, the upper walls 22 and the Y-direction beams 13 may be precast separately and then joined together in a factory. This method allows the concrete for the upper walls 22 to be cast separately, making it easy to carbonate the upper walls 22 alone. When the upper walls 22 and the Y-direction beams 13 are precast separately, they may be joined together using the same method as the lower walls 23 and the Y-direction beams 13, or another appropriate method may be used.

[0028] Then, as shown in FIG. 5(b), the integrated upper wall 22 and Y-direction beam 13 are hung down so that the upper wall 22 is directly above the lower wall 23. The Y-direction beam 13 is joined to the columns 14-16 using an appropriate method. Next, the first and second X-direction beams 11 and 12 are attached. The first and second X-direction beams 11 and 12 may be precast, like the Y-direction beam 13, and joined to the first outer column 14 and the second outer column 15, or they may be constructed using cast-in-place concrete. Next, the first gap 24 is filled with a first sealant 26, and the second gap 25 is filled with a second sealant 27. After that, the floor slab 17 is constructed (not shown). This completes the construction of one floor, and the same cycle is repeated thereafter.

[0029] The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. For example, in this embodiment, only one intermediate column 16 is provided at the boundary between adjacent dwelling units 2, but two or more intermediate columns 16 may be provided. That is, two of the multiple columns may be located on both outer sides of the dwelling unit 2 in the Y direction, and the other columns may be located between the two columns. As another variation, particularly when carbonation curing is performed on the floor slab 17, it is also preferable to use a seismic isolation structure for the apartment building 1 in order to reduce the load on the floor slab 17 and column and beam members as much as possible.

[0030] Furthermore, the partition wall 21 need only contain a material capable of absorbing carbon dioxide, and the material is not limited to concrete. Silicone, amine, and the like are known as materials capable of absorbing carbon dioxide, and these can be added to concrete or used as a substitute for concrete. [Explanation of symbols]

[0031] 1 Apartment complex 2 dwelling units 14 First outer pillar 15 Second outer pillar 16 Middle pillar 17 Floor slab 21A First Partition Wall 21B Second Partition Wall 22 Upper wall 23 Lower wall 24 First Gap 25 The Second Gap 26 First sealing material 27 Second sealing material 30 Tensor material

Claims

1. Three or more pillars arranged along the boundaries of adjacent dwelling units; A plurality of partition walls each provided between adjacent columns; and The apartment building, wherein the partition wall is a precast wall containing a material capable of absorbing carbon dioxide.

2. 2. The apartment building according to claim 1, wherein the partition wall is a precast concrete wall, and the concrete is carbonated cured.

3. The concrete of the partition wall has a design standard strength of 20 N / mm 2 3. The apartment building of claim 2, wherein the apartment building is fiber reinforced.

4. The concrete of the partition wall has a design standard strength of 20 N / mm 2 3. The apartment building of claim 2, wherein the partition wall does not include reinforcing bars.

5. 2. The apartment building described in claim 1, wherein a first gap extending in the vertical direction is provided between the partition wall and the two pillars adjacent to the partition wall, and the first gap is sealed with a first sealing material.

6. The apartment building described in claim 5, wherein the partition wall has an upper wall and a lower wall separated in the vertical direction, a second gap extending horizontally is provided between the upper wall and the lower wall, and the second gap is sealed with a second sealing material.

7. 2. The apartment building according to claim 1, further comprising a floor slab supported by the columns, the floor slab being carbonation cured.

8. 8. The dwelling unit of claim 7, wherein the floor slab is prestressed by tendons.

9. The apartment building is a slab apartment building, An apartment building described in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein two of the multiple columns are located on both outside sides of the dwelling unit in the beam direction, and the other column is located between the two columns.

10. Precasting a plurality of partition walls containing a material capable of absorbing carbon dioxide; Providing three or more pillars along the boundaries of adjacent dwelling units; and providing the partition walls between adjacent columns, producing the partition wall includes absorbing carbon dioxide into the partition wall; Construction methods for apartment buildings.

11. 11. The method for constructing an apartment building according to claim 10, wherein the partition wall has an upper wall and a lower wall separated in the vertical direction, and the upper wall is manufactured integrally with the beam immediately above.

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