Lubricant composition for hybrid car

Abstract

To provide an internal combustion engine lubricant composition for reducing corrosion in engines of hybrid cars, and a method for reducing corrosion in hybrid engines.SOLUTION: A provided internal combustion engine lubricant composition comprises: a major amount of oil having lubricating viscosity; one or more compounds represented by a specific structural formula containing a carboxylic acid functional group, an ester functional group, or an anhydride functional group; a polyalkoxylated hydrocarbyl phenol represented by a specific structural formula.SELECTED DRAWING: None

Description

[Background technology]

[0001] Modern lubricants are often formulated to stringent specifications set by original equipment manufacturers (OEMs). To meet these stringent specifications, carefully selected lubricant additives are blended with a base oil of lubricating viscosity. A typical lubricant composition may contain, for example, dispersants, surfactants, antioxidants, antiwear agents, rust inhibitors, corrosion inhibitors, antifoam agents, and / or friction modifiers. The particular application or use (e.g., hybrid vehicles) determines the combination of additives included in the lubricant composition.

[0002] Hybrid vehicles rely on two distinctly different types of power technologies: an internal combustion engine and an electric motor. The internal combustion engine primarily drives the vehicle at high speeds. The electric motor drives the vehicle at lower speeds and can also assist the internal combustion engine when additional power is needed. It is important for hybrid vehicles to achieve a balanced distribution of power from the engine and motor as the vehicle speed increases.

[0003] Hybrid vehicles typically employ an idle-stop system, which shuts down the engine when the vehicle is stopped and temporarily suspends the engine fuel system when the vehicle is driven solely by the motor or brakes. As a result, the engine is unable to adequately evaporate the water and fuel, causing problems with water and fuel accumulating in the oil. This creates an unstable emulsion, which adversely affects engine performance and causes corrosion of engine parts.

[0004] Because hybrid vehicles are significantly different from conventional automobiles, conventional engine oils are not optimized for use in hybrid vehicles. As a result, there is a need for lubricating oil compositions specifically designed for hybrid vehicles. In particular, there is a need for lubricating oil compositions that improve corrosion protection of hybrid vehicle engine components. Summary of the Invention

[0005] According to one embodiment, the present invention provides an internal combustion engine lubricating oil composition comprising: (a) a major amount of oil of lubricating viscosity; (b) one or more compounds represented by formula (I) or (II) containing a carboxylic acid functional group, an ester functional group, or an anhydride functional group; [ka] In the formula, each R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , and R 4 are independently a hydrogen radical, a hydrocarbyl radical, or a hydrocarbylene radical, and each R 5 and R 6 are independently a hydrogen radical, a hydrocarbyl radical, or a hydrocarbylene radical; R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , and R 4 wherein at least one of the radicals is a hydrocarbyl or hydrocarbylene radical, and (c) polyalkoxylated hydrocarbylphenols represented by formula (III) or (IV): [ka] In the formula, each R 7 are independently hydrocarbyl or hydrocarbylene radicals of 1 to 250 carbon atoms, and each R 8 and R 9 are independently a hydrogen radical, a hydrocarbyl radical of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or a hydrocarbylene radical of 1 to 6 carbon atoms; R 10 is a hydrogen radical, a hydrocarbyl radical of 1 to 24 carbon atoms, a hydrocarbylene radical of 1 to 24 carbon atoms, or -C(=O)R 11 is an acyl radical represented by R 11 is a hydrocarbyl or hydrocarbylene radical of 1 to 24 carbon atoms, and R 12 and R 13are independently a hydrogen radical, a hydrocarbyl radical of 1 to 24 carbon atoms, or a hydrocarbylene radical of 1 to 24 carbon atoms; n is 1 to 3; m is 1 to 50; and p is 1 to 50.

[0006] According to another embodiment, the present invention provides a method for reducing corrosion in a hybrid engine, comprising lubricating and operating the hybrid engine with a lubricating oil composition comprising: (a) a major amount of an oil of lubricating viscosity; (b) one or more compounds represented by formula (I) or (II) containing a carboxylic acid functional group, an ester functional group, or an anhydride functional group; [ka] In the formula, each R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , and R 4 are independently a hydrogen radical, a hydrocarbyl radical, or a hydrocarbylene radical, and each R 5 and R 6 are independently a hydrogen radical, a hydrocarbyl radical, or a hydrocarbylene radical; R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , and R 4 wherein at least one of the radicals is a hydrocarbyl or hydrocarbylene radical, and (c) polyalkoxylated hydrocarbylphenols represented by formula (III) or (IV): [ka] In the formula, each R 7 are independently hydrocarbyl or hydrocarbylene radicals of 1 to 250 carbon atoms, and each R 8 and R 9 are independently a hydrogen radical, a hydrocarbyl radical of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or a hydrocarbylene radical of 1 to 6 carbon atoms; R 10is a hydrogen radical, a hydrocarbyl radical of 1 to 24 carbon atoms, a hydrocarbylene radical of 1 to 24 carbon atoms, or -C(=O)R 11 is an acyl radical represented by R 11 is a hydrocarbyl or hydrocarbylene radical of 1 to 24 carbon atoms, and R 12 and R 13 are independently a hydrogen radical, a hydrocarbyl radical of 1 to 24 carbon atoms, or a hydrocarbylene radical of 1 to 24 carbon atoms; n is 1 to 3; m is 1 to 50; and p is 1 to 50.

[0007] According to yet another embodiment, the present invention provides a composition comprising (a) a major amount of oil of lubricating viscosity, (b) one or more compounds according to formula (I) or (II) containing a carboxylic acid functional group, an ester functional group, or an anhydride functional group; [ka] In the formula, each R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , and R 4 are independently a hydrogen radical, a hydrocarbyl radical, or a hydrocarbylene radical, and each R 5 and R 6 are independently a hydrogen radical, a hydrocarbyl radical, or a hydrocarbylene radical; R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , and R 4 wherein at least one of the radicals is a hydrocarbyl or hydrocarbylene radical, and (c) polyalkoxylated hydrocarbylphenols represented by formula (III) or (IV): [ka] In the formula, each R 7 are independently hydrocarbyl or hydrocarbylene radicals of 1 to 250 carbon atoms, and each R8 and R 9 are independently a hydrogen radical, a hydrocarbyl radical of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or a hydrocarbylene radical of 1 to 6 carbon atoms; R 10 is a hydrogen radical, a hydrocarbyl radical of 1 to 24 carbon atoms, a hydrocarbylene radical of 1 to 24 carbon atoms, or -C(=O)R 11 is an acyl radical represented by R 11 is a hydrocarbyl or hydrocarbylene radical of 1 to 24 carbon atoms, and R 12 and R 13 are independently a hydrogen radical, a hydrocarbyl radical of 1 to 24 carbon atoms, or a hydrocarbylene radical of 1 to 24 carbon atoms, n is 1 to 3, m is 1 to 50, and p is 1 to 50, wherein the lubricating oil composition reduces corrosion in a hybrid vehicle engine as specified by the JIS K2246 test method. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0008] While the present disclosure is susceptible to various modifications and alternative forms, specific embodiments are described in detail herein. It should be understood, however, that the description of specific embodiments herein is not intended to limit the disclosure to the particular forms disclosed, but rather the intent is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the present disclosure as defined by the appended claims.

[0009] To facilitate understanding of the inventive subject matter disclosed herein, certain terms, abbreviations or other shorthand forms used herein are defined below. Any term, abbreviation or shorthand form not defined will be understood to have its ordinary meaning as used by one of ordinary skill in the art contemporaneous with the filing of this application.

[0010] definition As used herein, the following terms have the following meanings unless expressly stated otherwise.

[0011] By "major amount" is meant greater than 50% by weight of the composition.

[0012] "Minor amount" means less than 50% by weight of the composition, expressed calculated as the active ingredient of the additive(s) with respect to the specified additive present in the composition and with respect to the total mass of all additives.

[0013] "Active ingredient" or "active" or "oil-free" refers to additive materials that are not diluents or solvents.

[0014] All percentages reported are by weight on an active ingredient basis (ie, without regard to carrier or diluent oil) unless otherwise specified.

[0015] All ASTM standards referred to herein are the latest versions as of the filing date of this application.

[0016] The present invention provides an internal combustion engine lubricating oil composition comprising: a. a major amount of oil of lubricating viscosity; b. one or more compounds of formula (I) or (II) containing a carboxylic acid functional group, an ester functional group, or an anhydride functional group; [ka] In the formula, each R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , and R 4 are independently a hydrogen radical, a hydrocarbyl radical, or a hydrocarbylene radical, and each R 5 and R 6 are independently a hydrogen radical, a hydrocarbyl radical, or a hydrocarbylene radical; R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , and R 4 at least one of which is a hydrocarbyl or hydrocarbylene radical, and c. Polyalkoxylated hydrocarbylphenols represented by formula (III) or (IV): [ka] In the formula, each R 7 are independently hydrocarbyl or hydrocarbylene radicals of 1 to 250 carbon atoms, and each R 8 and R 9 are independently a hydrogen radical, a hydrocarbyl radical of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or a hydrocarbylene radical of 1 to 6 carbon atoms; R 10 is a hydrogen radical, a hydrocarbyl radical of 1 to 24 carbon atoms, a hydrocarbylene radical of 1 to 24 carbon atoms, or -C(=O)R 11 is an acyl radical represented by R 11 is a hydrocarbyl or hydrocarbylene radical of 1 to 24 carbon atoms, and R 12 and R 13 are independently a hydrogen radical, a hydrocarbyl radical of 1 to 24 carbon atoms, or a hydrocarbylene radical of 1 to 24 carbon atoms, n is 1 to 3, m is 1 to 50, and p is 1 to 50. The lubricating oil composition reduces corrosion in hybrid vehicle engines. The reduced corrosion can be determined by a modified JIS K2246 method (described in the Examples).

[0017] The present invention provides a method for reducing corrosion in a hybrid engine comprising lubricating and operating the hybrid engine with a lubricating oil composition comprising: a. a major amount of oil of lubricating viscosity; b. one or more compounds of formula (I) or (II) containing a carboxylic acid functional group, an ester functional group, or an anhydride functional group; [ka] In the formula, each R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , and R4 are independently a hydrogen radical, a hydrocarbyl radical, or a hydrocarbylene radical, and each R 5 and R 6 are independently a hydrogen radical, a hydrocarbyl radical, or a hydrocarbylene radical; R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , and R 4 at least one of which is a hydrocarbyl or hydrocarbylene radical, and c. Polyalkoxylated hydrocarbylphenols represented by formula (III) or (IV): [ka] In the formula, each R 7 are independently hydrocarbyl or hydrocarbylene radicals of 1 to 250 carbon atoms, and each R 8 and R 9 are independently a hydrogen radical, a hydrocarbyl radical of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or a hydrocarbylene radical of 1 to 6 carbon atoms; R 10 is a hydrogen radical, a hydrocarbyl radical of 1 to 24 carbon atoms, a hydrocarbylene radical of 1 to 24 carbon atoms, or -C(=O)R 11 is an acyl radical represented by R 11 is a hydrocarbyl or hydrocarbylene radical of 1 to 24 carbon atoms, and R 12 and R 13 are independently a hydrogen radical, a hydrocarbyl radical of 1 to 24 carbon atoms, or a hydrocarbylene radical of 1 to 24 carbon atoms, n is 1 to 3, m is 1 to 50, and p is 1 to 50. The reduction in corrosion can be determined by the JIS K2246 test described in the examples.

[0018] Similarly, we offer a. a major amount of oil of lubricating viscosity; b. one or more compounds of formula (I) or (II) containing a carboxylic acid functional group, an ester functional group, or an anhydride functional group; [ka] In the formula, each R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , and R 4 are independently a hydrogen radical, a hydrocarbyl radical, or a hydrocarbylene radical, and each R 5 and R 6 are independently a hydrogen radical, a hydrocarbyl radical, or a hydrocarbylene radical; R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , and R 4 at least one of which is a hydrocarbyl or hydrocarbylene radical, and c. Polyalkoxylated hydrocarbylphenols represented by formula (III) or (IV): [ka] In the formula, each R 7 are independently hydrocarbyl or hydrocarbylene radicals of 1 to 250 carbon atoms, and each R 8 and R 9 are independently a hydrogen radical, a hydrocarbyl radical of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or a hydrocarbylene radical of 1 to 6 carbon atoms; R 10 is a hydrogen radical, a hydrocarbyl radical of 1 to 24 carbon atoms, a hydrocarbylene radical of 1 to 24 carbon atoms, or -C(=O)R 11 is an acyl radical represented by R 11 is a hydrocarbyl or hydrocarbylene radical of 1 to 24 carbon atoms, and R 12 and R 13are independently a hydrogen radical, a hydrocarbyl radical of 1 to 24 carbon atoms, or a hydrocarbylene radical of 1 to 24 carbon atoms, n is 1 to 3, m is 1 to 50, and p is 1 to 50, for lubricating an internal combustion engine, wherein the lubricating oil composition reduces corrosion in the engine of a hybrid vehicle as specified by JIS K2246 method.

[0019] Oil of lubricating viscosity An oil of lubricating viscosity (sometimes called a "base stock" or "base oil") is the primary liquid component of a lubricant into which additives and possibly other oils are blended to produce the final lubricant (or lubricant composition). Base oils are useful for making concentrates and for making lubricating oil compositions therefrom, and may be selected from natural and synthetic lubricating oils and combinations thereof.

[0020] Natural oils include animal and vegetable oils, liquid petroleum oils, and hydrorefined and solvent-treated mineral lubricating oils of the paraffinic, naphthenic, and mixed paraffinic-naphthenic types. Oils of lubricating viscosity derived from coal or shale are also useful base oils.

[0021] Synthetic lubricating oils include hydrocarbon oils, such as polymerized and copolymerized olefins (e.g., polybutylene, polypropylene, propylene-isobutylene copolymers, chlorinated polybutylene, poly(1-hexene), poly(1-octene), poly(1-decene), alkylbenzenes (e.g., dodecylbenzene, tetradecylbenzene, dinonylbenzene, di(2-ethylhexyl)benzene), polyphenols (e.g., biphenyl, terphenyl, alkylated polyphenols), and alkylated diphenyl ethers and alkylated diphenyl sulfides and their derivatives, analogs, and homologs.

[0022] Another suitable class of synthetic lubricating oils comprises the esters of dicarboxylic acids (e.g., malonic acid, alkylmalonic acids, alkenylmalonic acids, succinic acid, alkylsuccinic and alkenylsuccinic acids, maleic acid, fumaric acid, azelaic acid, suberic acid, sebacic acid, adipic acid, linoleic acid dimer, phthalic acid) with various alcohols (e.g., butyl alcohol, hexyl alcohol, dodecyl alcohol, 2-ethylhexyl alcohol, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol monoether, propylene glycol). Specific examples of these esters include dibutyl adipate, di(2-ethylhexyl) sebacate, di-n-hexyl fumarate, dioctyl sebacate, diisooctyl azelate, diisodecyl azelate, dioctyl phthalate, didecyl phthalate, dieicosyl sebacate, the 2-ethylhexyl diester of linoleic acid dimer, and the complex ester formed by reacting one mole of sebacic acid with two moles of tetraethylene glycol and two moles of 2-ethylhexanoic acid.

[0023] Esters useful in synthetic oils also include C5-C 12 Also included are those made from monocarboxylic acids and polyols and polyol ethers, such as neopentyl glycol, trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol, dipentaerythritol and tripentaerythritol.

[0024] The base oil may also be derived from Fischer-Tropsch synthesized hydrocarbons, which are made from synthesis gas containing H and CO using a Fischer-Tropsch catalyst. Such hydrocarbons typically require further processing to be useful as base oils. For example, the hydrocarbons may be hydroisomerized, hydrocracked and hydroisomerized, degreased, or hydroisomerized and degreased using methods known to those skilled in the art.

[0025] Unrefined oils, refined oils, and re-refined oils can be used in the lubricating oil composition. Unrefined oils are those obtained directly from natural or synthetic sources without further purification treatment. For example, shale oil obtained directly from retorting operations, petroleum oil obtained directly from distillation, or ester oil obtained directly from an esterification process and used without further treatment are unrefined oils. Refined oils are similar to unrefined oils except that they have been further treated in one or more purification steps to improve one or more properties. Many such purification techniques, such as distillation, solvent extraction, acid or base extraction, filtration, and percolation, are known to those skilled in the art.

[0026] Re-refined oils are obtained by processes similar to those used to obtain refined oils, applied to already used refined oils. Such re-refined oils are also known as reclaimed or reprocessed oils and are often further processed by techniques for the recognition of used additive and oil breakdown products.

[0027] Thus, the base oils that can be used to make the present lubricating oil compositions can be selected from any of the base oils in Groups I to V as defined in the American Petroleum Institute (API) Base Oil Interchangeability Guidelines (API Publication 1509). Such base oil groups are summarized in Table 1 below. [Table 1]

[0028] Suitable base oils for use herein are any of the types corresponding to API Group II, Group III, Group IV and Group V oils and combinations thereof, preferably Group III through Group V oils because of their superior volatility, stability, viscosity and detergency properties.

[0029] The oil of lubricating viscosity for use in the lubricating oil compositions of this disclosure, also referred to as base oil, is typically present in a major amount, e.g., greater than 50 wt. %, preferably greater than about 70 wt. %, more preferably about 80 to about 99.5 wt. %, and most preferably about 85 to about 98 wt. % based on the total weight of the composition. As used herein, the term "base oil" is understood to mean a base stock or blend of base stocks that is a lubricant component manufactured by a single manufacturer to the same specifications (regardless of source or location of manufacturer), meeting the same manufacturer's specifications, and identified by a unique formulation, product identification number, or both. As used herein, a base oil may be any now known or later discovered oil of lubricating viscosity used in formulating lubricating oil compositions for any and all applications, such as engine oils, marine cylinder oils, functional fluids, e.g., hydraulic oils, gear oils, transmission fluids, and the like. Additionally, the base oils used herein may optionally contain viscosity index improvers, such as alkyl methacrylate polymers, olefinic copolymers such as ethylene-propylene copolymers or styrene-butadiene copolymers, and the like, and mixtures thereof.

[0030] As will be readily understood by those skilled in the art, the viscosity of a base oil will depend on its intended use. Thus, as used herein, the viscosity of a base oil typically ranges from about 2 to about 2000 centistokes (cSt) at 100° C. Generally, base oils used as engine oils will have individual kinematic viscosity ranges of about 2 to about 30 cSt at 100° C., preferably about 3 to about 16 cSt, and most preferably about 4 to about 12 cSt, and are selected or blended depending on the desired end use and additives in the finished oil to produce the desired grade of engine oil, e.g., SAE viscosity grades 0W, 0W-8, 0W-9, 0W-10, 0W-11, 0W-12, 0W-13, 0W-14, 0W-15, 0W-16, 0W-17, 0W-18, 0W-19, 0W-20, 0W-21, 0W-22, 0W-23, 0W-24, 0W-25, 0W-26, 0W-27, 0W-28, 0W-29, 0W-30, 0W-31, 0W-32, 0W-33, 0W-34, 0W-35, 0W-36, 0W-37, 0W-38, 0W-39 ... Lubricating oil compositions having W-12, 0W-16, 0W-20, 0W-26, 0W-30, 0W-40, 0W-50, 0W-60, 5W, 5W-20, 5W-30, 5W-40, 5W-50, 5W-60, 10W, 10W-20, 10W-30, 10W-40, 10W-50, 15W, 15W-20, 15W-30, 15W-40, 30, 40, etc. may be obtained.

[0031] Carboxylic acids, esters, and anhydrides In one aspect, the disclosure provides one or more compounds according to formula (I) or (II) comprising a carboxylic acid functional group, an ester functional group, or an anhydride functional group: [ka] In the formula, each R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , and R 4 are independently a hydrogen radical, a hydrocarbyl radical, or a hydrocarbylene radical, and each R 5 and R 6 is a hydrogen radical, a hydrocarbyl radical, or a hydrocarbylene radical, and R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , and R 4 At least one of is a hydrocarbyl or hydrocarbylene radical.

[0032] In one embodiment, R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , and R 4 The hydrocarbyl and hydrocarbylene radicals described with respect to R can independently be alkyl or alkylene radicals having 1 to 400 carbon atoms, e.g., 1 to 300 carbon atoms, 1 to 200 carbon atoms, 1 to 100 carbon atoms, 1 to 50 carbon atoms, 1 to 30 carbon atoms, or 1 to 25 carbon atoms. 1 , R 2 , R 3 , and R 4 With respect to R, the alkyl or alkylene radical can include a fatty acid moiety (i.e., derived from a fatty acid), or an isoaliphatic acid moiety (e.g., derived from 8-methyloctadecanoic acid). 1 , R 2 , R 3 , and R 4At least one of R is a dodecenyl radical. 1 , R 2 , R 3 , and R 4 At least one of R is an octadecenyl radical. 1 , R 2 , R 3 , and R 4 At least one of the radicals is a tetrapropenyl radical.

[0033] In one embodiment, R 5 and R 6 The hydrocarbyl and hydrocarbylene radicals described above can have 1 to about 30 carbon atoms, e.g., 1 to 25 carbon atoms, 1 to 20 carbon atoms, 1 to 15 carbon atoms, or 1 to 10 carbon atoms.

[0034] Generally, the one or more compounds comprising a carboxylic acid, ester, or anhydride may be present in the lubricating oil compositions of this disclosure in an amount ranging from about 0.05 to about 3.0 wt %, based on the total weight of the lubricating oil composition. In one embodiment, the one or more compounds comprising a carboxylic acid, ester, or anhydride may be present in the lubricating oil compositions of this disclosure in an amount ranging from about 0.05 to about 0.75 wt %, based on the total weight of the lubricating oil composition. In one embodiment, the one or more compounds comprising a carboxylic acid, ester, or anhydride may be present in the lubricating oil compositions of this disclosure in an amount ranging from about 0.05 to about 0.50 wt %, based on the total weight of the lubricating oil composition. In another embodiment, the one or more compounds comprising a carboxylic acid, ester, or anhydride may be present in the lubricating oil compositions of this disclosure in an amount ranging from about 0.1 to about 0.30 wt %, based on the total weight of the lubricating oil composition.

[0035] Polyalkoxylated Hydrocarbyl Phenols In one aspect, the present disclosure provides one or more polyalkoxylated hydrocarbyl phenols represented by formula (III) or (IV): [ka] In the formula, each R 7 are independently hydrocarbyl or hydrocarbylene radicals of 1 to 250 carbon atoms, and each R 8 and R 9 are independently a hydrogen radical, a hydrocarbyl radical of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or a hydrocarbylene radical of 1 to 6 carbon atoms; R 10 is a hydrogen radical, a hydrocarbyl radical of 1 to 24 carbon atoms, a hydrocarbylene radical of 1 to 24 carbon atoms, or -C(=O)R 11 is an acyl radical represented by R 11 is a hydrocarbyl or hydrocarbylene radical of 1 to 24 carbon atoms, and R 12 and R 13 are independently a hydrogen radical, a hydrocarbyl radical of 1 to 24 carbon atoms, or a hydrocarbylene radical of 1 to 24 carbon atoms; n is 1 to 3; m is 1 to 50; and p is 1 to 50.

[0036] Generally, the one or more polyalkoxylated hydrocarbyl phenols may be present in the lubricating oil compositions of this disclosure in an amount ranging from about 0.05 to about 3.0 wt %, based on the total weight of the lubricating oil composition. In one embodiment, the one or more polyalkoxylated hydrocarbyl phenols may be present in the lubricating oil compositions of this disclosure in an amount ranging from about 0.05 to about 0.75 wt %, based on the total weight of the lubricating oil composition. In one embodiment, the one or more polyalkoxylated hydrocarbyl phenols may be present in the lubricating oil compositions of this disclosure in an amount ranging from about 0.05 to about 0.50 wt %, based on the total weight of the lubricating oil composition. In another embodiment, the one or more polyalkoxylated hydrocarbyl phenols may be present in the lubricating oil compositions of this disclosure in an amount ranging from about 0.1 to about 0.30 wt %, based on the total weight of the lubricating oil composition.

[0037] Further Lubricant Additives The lubricating oil compositions of the present disclosure may also contain other conventional additives, dispersed or dissolved in the lubricating oil composition, that can impart desired properties or improve the lubricating oil composition. Any additive known to those skilled in the art may be used in the lubricating oil compositions disclosed herein. Some suitable additives are described in Mortier et al., "Chemistry and Technology of Lubricants," 2nd Edition, London, Springer, (1996), and Leslie R. Rudnick, "Lubricant Additives: Chemistry and Applications," New York, Marcel Dekker, (2003), both of which are incorporated herein by reference. For example, the lubricating oil compositions may be blended with antioxidants, antiwear agents, surfactants, such as metal surfactants, rust inhibitors, dehaze removers, demulsifiers, metal deactivators, friction modifiers, pour point depressants, antifoam agents, cosolvents, corrosion inhibitors, dispersants, multifunctional agents, dyes, extreme pressure agents, and the like, and mixtures thereof. A variety of additives are known and commercially available, and these additives, or their analogous compounds, may be used in preparing the lubricating oil compositions of the present disclosure by conventional blending procedures.

[0038] In preparing lubricating oil formulations, it is common practice to introduce the additive in the form of a 10 to 100 wt. % active ingredient concentrate in a hydrocarbon oil, e.g., mineral lubricating oil, or other suitable solvent.

[0039] Typically, these concentrates can be diluted with 3 to 100, e.g., 5 to 40, parts by weight of lubricating oil per part by weight of the additive package to form a finished lubricant, e.g., a crankcase motor oil. Of course, the purpose of the concentrate is to make handling of the various materials easier and more convenient and to facilitate dissolution or dispersion in the final blend.

[0040] Each of the foregoing additives is used in a functionally effective amount to impart the desired characteristics to the lubricant when used. Thus, for example, if an additive is a friction modifier, a functionally effective amount of the friction modifier would be an amount sufficient to impart the desired friction modifying characteristics to the lubricant.

[0041] Generally, the concentration of each additive in the lubricating oil composition, when used, can range from about 0.001% to about 20%, about 0.01% to about 15%, about 0.1% to about 10%, about 0.005% to about 5%, or about 0.1% to about 2.5% by weight, based on the total weight of the lubricating oil composition. Furthermore, the total amount of the additives in the lubricating oil composition can range from about 0.001% to about 20%, about 0.01% to about 10%, or about 0.1% to about 5% by weight, based on the total weight of the lubricating oil composition.

[0042] The following examples are presented to illustrate embodiments of the present disclosure and are not intended to limit the disclosure to the specific embodiments described. Unless otherwise specified, all parts and percentages are by weight. All numerical values ​​are approximate. When numerical ranges are given, it should be understood that embodiments outside the stated ranges may still fall within the scope of the present disclosure. The specific details provided in each example should not be construed as necessary features of the present disclosure.

[0043] It will be understood that various modifications may be made to the embodiments disclosed herein. Accordingly, the above description should not be construed as limiting, but merely as exemplifications of preferred embodiments. For example, the functions implemented as the best mode for operating the present disclosure described above are for illustrative purposes only. Other arrangements and methods may be implemented by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the present disclosure. Moreover, other modifications will occur to those skilled in the art within the scope and spirit of the claims appended hereto. [Example]

[0044] The following examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the disclosure in any way.

[0045] The lubricants were evaluated according to the Japanese Industrial Standards (JIS) K2246 test, slightly modified for hybrid vehicle lubricants.

[0046] The JIS K2246 test involves applying test oil to a test specimen sample and checking the test specimen for rust formation. In the modified JIS K2246 test, a mixture containing test oil and distilled water is applied to the test specimen sample. Table 2 summarizes the results of the JIS K2246 test.

[0047] The test specimen samples are placed in a humidity cabinet at 49°C and a relative humidity (RH) of more than 95% for 72 hours. This test evaluates the oil's ability to prevent rust on metal materials or metal products made primarily of steel. The ASTM D1748 test (humid cabinet rust test) is performed in a similar manner. A passing grade is 15 or less.

[0048] Mixtures containing test oils and distilled water were prepared according to the following steps:

[0049] 1. Mix 30 ml of distilled water and 270 ml of test oil in a plastic container.

[0050] 2. Transfer this mixture of test oil and distilled water into a 500 ml container.

[0051] 3. On the day of the JIS K2246 test, stir the mixture containing the test oil and distilled water, then shake hands for 30 seconds.

[0052] 4. Heat the test oil in a convection oven at 70°C for 30 minutes.

[0053] 5. After 30 minutes, remove the test oil from the oven and allow the test oil to cool to room temperature.

[0054] 6. Immediately before immersing the test sample in the test oil, the test oil is again shaken by hands for 30 seconds.

[0055] 7.Start JIS K2246 testing.

[0056] Baseline Lubricating oil compositions were prepared containing a major amount of a Group III base oil of lubricating viscosity and the following additives to yield finished oils having a viscosity rating of 0W-20: (1) A boron-containing succinimide dispersant containing 250 ppm of boron; (2) an overbased calcium sulfonate surfactant having a calcium content of 1600 ppm; (3) an approximately 2:1 mixture of zinc primary and secondary dialkyldithiophosphates containing 770 ppm phosphorus; (4) alkylated diphenylamine antioxidants, (5) silicon-based anti-foaming agents, (6) olefin copolymer (OCP) viscosity modifiers, and (7) Polymethacrylate pour point depressants.

[0057] Carboxylic acids, esters, anhydrides (compound A) Compound A is tetrapropenyl succinic acid.

[0058] Polyalkoxylated hydrocarbylphenols (Compound B) Compound B is an ethoxylated dodecylphenol.

[0059] Compound C Compound C is a thiadiazole with the trade name Hitec® 4313.

[0060] Compound D Compound D is a terephthalic acid salt of a bissuccinimide.

[0061] Compound E Compound E is an ethoxylated secondary alcohol.

[0062] Compound F Compound F is a polypropylene glycol with a MW of approximately 2000 g / mol.

[0063] Compound G Compound G is diisodecyl adipate.

[0064] Compound H Compound H is the C8-C 10 It is a fatty acid ester.

[0065] Compound I Compound I is dipropylene glycol dibenzoate.

[0066] Example 1 To the formulation baseline, 0.1 wt% Compound A and 0.1 wt% Compound B were added.

[0067] Example 2 To the formulation baseline, 0.1 wt% Compound A and 0.2 wt% Compound B were added.

[0068] Example 3 To the formulation baseline, 0.2 wt% Compound A and 0.1 wt% Compound B were added.

[0069] Example 4 To the formulation baseline, 0.2 wt% Compound A and 0.2 wt% Compound B were added.

[0070] Comparative Example 1 To the formulation baseline, 0.1 wt% Compound A was added.

[0071] Comparative Example 2 To the formulation baseline, 0.2 wt% Compound A was added.

[0072] Comparative Example 3 To the formulation baseline, 0.1 wt% Compound B was added.

[0073] Comparative Example 4 To the formulation baseline, 0.1 wt% Compound C and 0.1 wt% Compound B were added.

[0074] Comparative Example 5 To the formulation baseline, 0.1 wt% Compound D and 0.1 wt% Compound B were added.

[0075] Comparative Example 6 To the formulation baseline, 0.1 wt% Compound E and 0.1 wt% Compound B were added.

[0076] Comparative Example 7 To the formulation baseline, 0.1 wt% Compound F and 0.1 wt% Compound B were added.

[0077] Comparative Example 8 To the formulation baseline, 0.1 wt% Compound G and 0.1 wt% Compound B were added.

[0078] Comparative Example 9 To the formulation baseline, 0.1 wt% Compound H and 0.1 wt% Compound B were added.

[0079] Comparative Example 10 To the formulation baseline, 0.1 wt% Compound I and 0.1 wt% Compound B were added.

[0080] Comparative Example 11 To the formulation baseline, 0.1 wt% Compound J and 0.1 wt% Compound B were added. [Table 2]

[0081] All documents cited herein, including priority documents and / or testing procedures, are incorporated herein by reference to the extent not inconsistent herewith. As is apparent from the foregoing general description and specific embodiments, forms of the present disclosure have been illustrated and described, but various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure. Accordingly, the present disclosure is not intended to be limited thereby.

[0082] For the sake of brevity, only certain ranges are explicitly disclosed herein.However, a range from any lower limit can be combined with any upper limit to enumerate a range that is not explicitly recited, and a range from any lower limit can be combined with any other lower limit to enumerate a range that is not explicitly recited.Similarly, a range from any upper limit can be combined with any other upper limit to enumerate a range that is not explicitly recited.Furthermore, a range includes every point or individual value between its endpoints, even if not explicitly recited.Therefore, every point or individual value serves as a unique lower limit or upper limit in combination with any other point or individual value or any other lower limit or upper limit, and can enumerate a range that is not explicitly recited.

[0083] Similarly, the term "comprising" is considered synonymous with the term "including." Similarly, whenever a composition, element, or group of elements is preceded by the transitional phrase "comprising," it is understood that the transitional phrases "consisting essentially of," "consisting of," "selected from the group consisting of," or "is" also contemplate the same composition or group of elements preceding the list of element(s), and vice versa.

[0084] As used herein, the terms "a" and "the" are understood to encompass the plural as well as the singular.

[0085] Various terms are defined above. Unless a term used in the claims is defined above, it should be given the broadest definition that the art has given that term as reflected in at least one publication or issued patent. Furthermore, all patents, test procedures, and other documents cited in this application are incorporated by reference in their entirety to the extent such disclosure is not inconsistent with this application and for all jurisdictions where such incorporation is permitted.

[0086] The foregoing description of the present disclosure illustrates and describes the present disclosure. Moreover, while the present disclosure has shown and described only preferred embodiments, it will be understood, as noted above, that the present disclosure is capable of use in various other combinations, modifications, and environments, and that changes or modifications may be made within the scope of the concepts expressed herein commensurate with the above teachings and / or the skill or knowledge of the relevant art. While the foregoing relates to embodiments of the present disclosure, other and further embodiments of the present disclosure may be devised without departing from the basic scope thereof, which scope is determined by the following claims.

[0087] Where combinations, subsets, groups, etc. of elements (e.g., combinations of ingredients in a composition or combinations of steps in a method) are disclosed, it is understood that specific reference to each of the various individual and collective combinations and permutations of these elements is specifically contemplated and described herein, although it may not be explicitly disclosed.

[0088] The embodiments described herein above are further intended to illustrate the best mode known for practicing the present disclosure and to enable those skilled in the art to use the present disclosure in such or other embodiments, with various modifications as required by a particular application or use. Therefore, the description is not intended to limit the present disclosure to the form disclosed herein. Also, the appended claims are intended to be construed to include alternative embodiments.

Claims

1. A lubricating oil composition for an internal combustion engine for a hybrid engine equipped with an idle stop system, comprising: a. a major amount of oil of lubricating viscosity; b. one or more compounds of formula (I) or (II) containing a carboxylic acid functional group, an ester functional group, or an anhydride functional group; 【Chemistry 1】 In the formula, each R １ , R ２ , R ３ , and R ４ are independently a hydrogen radical, a hydrocarbyl radical, or a hydrocarbylene radical, and each R ５ and R ６ are independently a hydrogen radical, a hydrocarbyl radical, or a hydrocarbylene radical; R １ , R ２ , R ３ , and R ４ at least one of which is a hydrocarbyl or hydrocarbylene radical, and c. Polyalkoxylated hydrocarbylphenols represented by formula (III) or (IV): 【Chemistry 2】 In the formula, each R ７ are independently hydrocarbyl or hydrocarbylene radicals of 1 to 250 carbon atoms, and each R ８ and R ９ are independently a hydrogen radical, a hydrocarbyl radical of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or a hydrocarbylene radical of 1 to 6 carbon atoms; R １０ is a hydrogen radical, a hydrocarbyl radical of 1 to 24 carbon atoms, a hydrocarbylene radical of 1 to 24 carbon atoms, or —C(═O)R １１ is an acyl radical represented by R １１ is a hydrocarbyl or hydrocarbylene radical of 1 to 24 carbon atoms, R １２ and R １３ are independently a hydrogen radical, a hydrocarbyl radical of 1 to 24 carbon atoms, or a hydrocarbylene radical of 1 to 24 carbon atoms; n is 1 to 3; m is 1 to 50; and p is 1 to 50.

2. 10. The lubricating oil composition of claim 1, wherein the lubricating oil reduces corrosion in a hybrid vehicle engine as specified by JIS K2246 testing, which measures the occurrence of rust on metal pieces in a test fluid.

3. The lubricating oil composition of claim 2 , wherein the test fluid comprises water.

4. 4. The lubricating oil composition of claim 3, wherein the test fluid comprises 10% by volume of water.

5. 10. The lubricating oil composition of claim 1, wherein the one or more compounds containing a carboxylic acid, ester, or anhydride functionality are present in an amount ranging from 0.05 to 3.0 wt %, based on the total weight of the lubricating oil composition.

6. 10. The lubricating oil composition of claim 1, wherein the polyalkoxylated hydrocarbyl phenol is present in an amount ranging from 0.05 to 3.0 wt. %, based on the total weight of the lubricating oil composition.

7. 10. The lubricating oil composition of claim 1, further comprising an antioxidant, an antiwear agent, a surfactant, a rust inhibitor, a dehaze agent, a demulsifier, a metal deactivator, a friction modifier, a pour point depressant, an antifoam agent, a cosolvent, a corrosion inhibitor, a dispersant, a multifunctional agent, a dye, or an extreme pressure agent.

8. 1. A method of reducing corrosion in a hybrid engine equipped with an idle stop system, comprising lubricating and operating the hybrid engine equipped with an idle stop system with a lubricating oil composition comprising: a. a major amount of oil of lubricating viscosity; b. one or more compounds of formula (I) or (II) containing a carboxylic acid functional group, an ester functional group, or an anhydride functional group; 【Transformation 3】 In the formula, each R １ , R ２ , R ３ , and R ４ are independently a hydrogen radical, a hydrocarbyl radical, or a hydrocarbylene radical, and each R ５ and R ６ are independently a hydrogen radical, a hydrocarbyl radical, or a hydrocarbylene radical; R １ , R ２ , R ３ , and R ４ at least one of which is a hydrocarbyl or hydrocarbylene radical, and c. Polyalkoxylated hydrocarbylphenols represented by formula (III) or (IV): 【Chemistry 4】 In the formula, each R ７ are independently hydrocarbyl or hydrocarbylene radicals of 1 to 250 carbon atoms, and each R ８ and R ９ are independently a hydrogen radical, a hydrocarbyl radical of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or a hydrocarbylene radical of 1 to 6 carbon atoms; R １０ is a hydrogen radical, a hydrocarbyl radical of 1 to 24 carbon atoms, a hydrocarbylene radical of 1 to 24 carbon atoms, or —C(═O)R １１ is an acyl radical represented by R １１ is a hydrocarbyl or hydrocarbylene radical of 1 to 24 carbon atoms, R １２ and R １３ are independently a hydrogen radical, a hydrocarbyl radical of 1 to 24 carbon atoms, or a hydrocarbylene radical of 1 to 24 carbon atoms; n is 1 to 3; m is 1 to 50; and p is 1 to 50.

9. 10. The method of claim 8, wherein the lubricating oil reduces corrosion in a hybrid vehicle engine as specified by JIS K2246 testing, which measures the occurrence of rust on a metal piece in a test fluid.

10. The method of claim 9 , wherein the test fluid comprises water.

11. The method of claim 10 , wherein the test fluid comprises 10% water by volume.

12. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein the lubricating oil further comprises an antioxidant, an antiwear agent, a surfactant, a rust inhibitor, a dehaze agent, a demulsifier, a metal deactivator, a friction modifier, a pour point depressant, an antifoam agent, a cosolvent, a corrosion inhibitor, a dispersant, a multifunctional agent, a dye, or an extreme pressure agent.

13. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein the one or more compounds containing a carboxylic acid, ester, or anhydride functionality are present in an amount ranging from 0.05 to 3.0 wt. %, based on the total weight of the lubricating oil composition.

14. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein the polyalkoxylated hydrocarbyl phenol is present in an amount ranging from 0.05 to 3.0 weight percent, based on the total weight of the lubricating oil composition.

15. 10. A method for improving the ability of a lubricating oil containing water and fuel to reduce corrosion in a hybrid engine equipped with an idle stop system, comprising lubricating and operating the engine with the lubricating oil composition of claim 1.

16. 10. A method for reducing corrosion in a hybrid engine lubricant comprising lubricating and operating a hybrid engine equipped with an idle stop system with the lubricant composition of claim 1.

17. A method for reducing corrosion and / or rust in a hybrid engine equipped with an idle stop system, comprising: a. providing the lubricating oil composition of claim 1; b. lubricating the hybrid engine with the composition; and c) operating said engine.

18. a. a major amount of oil of lubricating viscosity; b. one or more compounds of formula (I) or (II) containing a carboxylic acid functional group, an ester functional group, or an anhydride functional group; 【Transformation 5】 In the formula, each R １ , R ２ , R ３ , and R ４ are independently a hydrogen radical, a hydrocarbyl radical, or a hydrocarbylene radical, and each R ５ and R ６ are independently a hydrogen radical, a hydrocarbyl radical, or a hydrocarbylene radical; R １ , R ２ , R ３ , and R ４ at least one of which is a hydrocarbyl or hydrocarbylene radical, and c. Polyalkoxylated hydrocarbylphenols represented by formula (III) or (IV): 【Transformation 6】 In the formula, each R ７ are independently hydrocarbyl or hydrocarbylene radicals of 1 to 250 carbon atoms, and each R ８ and R ９ are independently a hydrogen radical, a hydrocarbyl radical of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or a hydrocarbylene radical of 1 to 6 carbon atoms; R １０ is a hydrogen radical, a hydrocarbyl radical of 1 to 24 carbon atoms, a hydrocarbylene radical of 1 to 24 carbon atoms, or —C(═O)R １１ is an acyl radical represented by R １１ is a hydrocarbyl or hydrocarbylene radical of 1 to 24 carbon atoms, R １２ and R １３ are independently a hydrogen radical, a hydrocarbyl radical of 1 to 24 carbon atoms, or a hydrocarbylene radical of 1 to 24 carbon atoms, n is 1 to 3, m is 1 to 50, and p is 1 to 50. Use of a lubricating oil composition comprising: The use, wherein the lubricating oil composition reduces corrosion in the engine of a hybrid vehicle as specified in the JIS K2246 test method.

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