Pumped storage power generation plant simulation device, simulation method and simulation system

Abstract

To provide a pumped storage power generation plant simulation device, a simulation method and a simulation system capable of simulating a power generation status of a plant mounted with a plurality of water pumps that can form a circulation water passage.SOLUTION: A pumped storage power generation plant simulation device comprises: a scenario generation section; a plant model generation section; an execution section; and a selection section. The scenario generation section generates a plurality of first scenarios for a first water pump and a plurality of second scenarios for a second water pump. The plant model generation section generates a pipe conduit system model simulating pressure fluctuations in a pipe conduit and a water pump model including a plurality of turbine models. The execution section causes the water pump model to perform a simulation test for each combination of the plurality of first scenarios and the plurality of second scenarios. The selection section selects a combination of scenarios in which the pressure fluctuation in the pipe conduit meets a predetermined criterion based on the simulation tests.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] FIELD Embodiments of the present invention relate to a simulator, a simulator method, and a simulator system for a pumped storage power plant. [Background technology]

[0002] The introduction of power generation equipment using renewable energy sources such as wind power and solar power (photovoltaic) is progressing. The power generated by these renewable energy power generation equipment is easily affected by the environment. For this reason, the role of pumped storage power plants, which are capable of output adjustment and energy storage, is increasing in order to adjust the supply and demand of electricity on the grid. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2014-9683 [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 11-085252 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] For this reason, in order to adjust the supply and demand of electricity in the grid, there are cases where power generation and pumping are performed simultaneously using a circulating water channel. However, this type of operation is not always assumed in existing pumped-storage hydroelectric power plants. This can cause the water pressure in the circulating water channel to exceed the allowable range.

[0005] The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a simulator, a simulator method, and a simulator system for a pumped storage power plant that can simulate the power generation state of a plurality of pumps that can form a circulating water channel. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] The simulation device for a pumped-storage power plant according to this embodiment includes a scenario generation unit, a plant model generation unit, an execution unit, and a selection unit. The scenario generation unit generates a plurality of first scenarios representing a time-series power generation state until the initial power generation amount of a first pump reaches a target power generation amount, and a plurality of second scenarios representing a time-series power generation state until the initial power generation amount of a second pump reaches a target power generation amount. The plant model generation unit generates a pump-storage power plant model including a pipeline system model simulating pressure fluctuations in a pipeline that can form a circulating water passage between the first pump and the second pump, and a plurality of hydraulic turbine models simulating the hydraulic turbine characteristics of the first pump and the second pump, respectively. The execution unit causes the pump-storage power plant model to perform a simulation experiment for each combination of the plurality of first scenarios and the plurality of second scenarios. Based on the simulation experiment, the selection unit selects a combination of scenarios from among the combinations of the plurality of first scenarios and the plurality of second scenarios, in which the pressure fluctuations in the pipeline satisfy a predetermined standard. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0007] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of a simulated system for a pumped storage power plant. [Figure 2] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a pumped storage power plant. [Figure 3] FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of a plant model. [Figure 4] FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of an execution processing unit. [Figure 5] FIG. 10 is a diagram schematically illustrating an example of selection of a migration destination. [Figure 6] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of a scenario selected by a control candidate selection unit. [Figure 7] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of a power generation operation scenario selected by a control candidate selection unit. [Figure 8] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of selecting the most efficient point after transitioning to power generation operation. [Figure 9] 4 is a flowchart showing an example of the operation of the simulator according to the present embodiment. [Figure 10] 10 is a flowchart showing an example of the operation of the operation control device according to the present embodiment. [Figure 11]10 is a flowchart showing an example of an operation for selecting the most efficient point. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0008] A pumped storage power plant simulator, simulator method, and simulator system according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. Note that the embodiment described below is merely an example of an embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention should not be construed as being limited to these embodiments. In addition, in the drawings referred to in this embodiment, identical parts or parts having similar functions are designated by the same or similar reference numerals, and repeated explanations thereof may be omitted. Furthermore, for convenience of explanation, the dimensional proportions of the drawings may differ from the actual proportions, and some components may be omitted from the drawings. (One embodiment)

[0009] Fig. 1 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of a simulation system 1 for a pumped storage power plant according to this embodiment. As shown in Fig. 1, the simulation system 1 according to this embodiment is a system capable of simulating the power generation state of a plurality of pumps that can form a circulating water channel. This simulation system 1 includes a pump-storage machine simulator 10 and an actual operation control device 20 that controls the pumps.

[0010] FIG. 1 also shows a schematic diagram of a plurality of actual pumped storage power plants 30. The pumped storage power plant 30 is composed of a plurality of pumping machines that can form a circulating water channel. As will be described later, the pumped storage power plant 30 has a power generation operation, a pumping operation, and a circulating operation. In this embodiment, the pumped storage power plant may also be referred to as a pumped storage power plant or a pumped storage power plant.

[0011] The simulator 10 is a device capable of simulating the power generation state of the pumped storage power plant 30. The power generation state includes the water level of the dam in the circulating water channel, the water pressure in the pipeline, and the water level of the surge tank. For example, the simulator 10 is configured to include a CPU (Central Processing Unit). The configuration of the simulator 10 will be described in detail later.

[0012] The actual operation control device 20 controls switching between power generation operation, pumping operation, and circulation operation in the pumped storage power plant 30 (described later) in accordance with a command signal Sig10 from the grid. At this time, information such as 10 megawatt (MW) power generation and -2 megawatt (MW) power consumption is included in the command signal Sig10. For example, the -2 megawatt (MW) power consumption includes not only the pumping operation but also the circulation operation in the pumped storage power plant 30. The command signal Sig10 is transmitted, for example, from the central control room of the electric power company in accordance with the grid supply and demand plan. The configuration of the actual operation control device 20 will also be described in detail later.

[0013] Here, an example of the configuration of the pumped storage power plant 30 will be described using Figure 2. Figure 2 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of the pumped storage power plant 30. The pumped storage power plant 30 has an upper dam 600, a lower dam 602, a first pump 604, a second pump 606, and a headrace 612, a penstock 614, a penstock 616, and a discharge channel 618 that connect these together. The pumped storage power plant 30 also has a surge tank 608 connected to the headrace 612, and a surge tank 610 connected to the discharge channel 618.

[0014] The control device 620 also controls the operation of the pumped storage power plant 30. The communication device 622 communicates via wire or wirelessly with various sensors, control panels, and the like arranged in the dams 600, 602, the pumps 604, 606, the surge tanks 608, 610, the headrace 612, the penstock 614, the penstock 616, and the tailrace 618. As a result, the communication device 622 acquires the water levels of the dams 600, 602 and the water levels of the surge tanks 608, 610 as surge tank information, as dam information. The communication device 622 also acquires the water pressure and water volume of the headrace 612, the penstock 614, the penstock 616, and the tailrace 618 as waterway information, and acquires the amount of power generated by the generator, the rotation speed of the turbine motor, the power supplied to the turbine motor, and the like as turbine-generator information, and supplies this information to the control device 620.

[0015] Furthermore, the communication device 622 supplies various control signals from the control device 620 to each control panel of the pumped storage power plant 30. For example, the various control signals from the control device 620 include control signals for controlling the water levels of the dams 600 and 602, the water levels of the surge tanks 608 and 610, the water pressure and water volume of the headrace 612, the penstock 614, the penstock 616, and the tailrace 618, the amount of power generated by the generator, the rotation speed of the turbine motor, the power supplied to the turbine motor, etc.

[0016] Here, we will explain the power generation, pumping, and circulation operations of the pumps 604, 606. The power generation operation of the pumps 604, 606 involves dropping water that has been previously pumped up to the upper dam 600 toward the pumps 604, 606, which rotates the pump turbines connected to generators inside the pumps 604, 606. This causes the generators to generate electricity, which is supplied to the power grid. The water used for power generation is stored in the lower dam 602.

[0017] Conversely, electricity is supplied from the grid power lines when the pumping machines 604 and 606 are in the pumping operation. This causes the pump turbines in the pumping machines 604 and 606 to rotate in the opposite direction to when generating electricity, and the water stored in the lower dam 602 is pumped up to the upper dam 600 by rotating the pump turbines in the opposite direction to when generating electricity, in preparation for the next power generation.

[0018] In the circulation operation, a circulation waterway is formed between the pumps 604 and 606, and at least one of the pumps 604 and 606 is operated to pump water, while the other pumps 604 and 606 is operated to generate electricity. For example, in the example shown in FIG. 2, the first pump 604 generates electricity, and the remaining second pump 606 is supplied with electricity. The total amount of electricity generated is generally negative. In other words, in the circulation operation, electricity is generally consumed by the entire pumped-storage power plant 30. Note that in the example shown in FIG. 2, the second pump 606 is operated to pump water, and the first pump 604 is operated to generate electricity, but this is not limited to this. The first pump 604 may be operated to pump water, and the second pump 606 may be operated to generate electricity. Furthermore, the number of pumps may be two or more, for example, three or more. Note that in this embodiment, the power generated by the pumps 604 and 606 can generate both positive and negative power. For example, the pumping machines 604 and 606 generate positive power during their power generation operation. On the other hand, the pumping machines 604 and 606 generate negative power during their pumping operation. In other words, the power consumption during the pumping operation of the pumping machines 604 and 606 is sometimes referred to as generating negative power.

[0019] Referring again to Fig. 1, the simulator 10 will be described in detail. The simulator 10 comprises an execution processing unit 100, a storage unit 200, a pumped storage power plant model generation unit 300, an output unit 400, and an information input unit 500. The execution processing unit 100 controls the entire simulator 10 and also executes a simulation using the model of the pumped storage power plant 30 generated by the pumped storage power plant model generation unit 300. The execution processing unit 100 also selects a combination of scenarios suited to the purpose from among the combinations of scenarios described below. The execution processing unit 100 will be described in detail later.

[0020] The storage unit 200 is configured with, for example, an HDD (hard disk drive), an SSD (solid state drive), etc. The storage unit 200 has a scenario database 202, which can be located outside the device, an adjustment power control database 204, a model input data storage unit 206 within the device, and a simulation result storage unit 208.

[0021] The scenario database 202 stores scenarios for each pumping machine. A scenario is, for example, a set of an initial condition and an output command. The initial condition is, for example, the power generated by the pumping machine at the start of the scenario. The output command is the target power generated and the time required to reach the target power generated from the power generated at the start of the scenario. The change in power generated per unit time is sometimes referred to as the control change rate.

[0022] Multiple such scenarios are prepared for each pumping unit within the scope of the pumping unit's equipment operating standards. The target power generation in this scenario includes both the power generated in power generation operation and the power consumed in pumping operation (negative power generation), as described above. The water levels of dams 600 and 602 may also be added as a condition to the scenario. This is because the water levels of dams 600 and 602 may limit the scenarios that can be executed.

[0023] For example, if the command signal Sig10 contains information such as a power consumption of -2 megawatts (MW), the first pump 604 may be made to generate 2 megawatts (MW) and the second pump 606 may be made to pump 4 megawatts (MW). In such a case, there are multiple scenarios for the first pump 604 to generate 2 megawatts (MW) and multiple scenarios for the second pump 606 to pump -4 megawatts (MW). Each scenario differs, for example, in the time required to reach the target power generation and the power generation at the start of the scenario. The plant model of the pumped storage power plant 30, which will be described later, calculates a simulation experiment using the model of the pumped storage power plant 30 for each combination of these scenarios. Details of the scenarios in the circulation state will be described later using Figures 5 and 6.

[0024] Furthermore, for example, if the command signal Sig10 contains information on power generation of 10 megawatts (MW), the first pump 604 may be made to generate 4 megawatts (MW) and the second pump 606 may be made to generate 6 megawatts (MW). In such a case, there are multiple scenarios for the first pump 604 to generate 4 megawatts (MW) and multiple scenarios for the second pump 606 to generate 6 megawatts (MW). Each scenario differs, for example, in the time required to reach the target power generation and the power generation at the start of the scenario. In the plant model of the pumped storage power plant 30 described later, a simulation experiment using the model of the pumped storage power plant 30 is calculated for each combination of these scenarios. Details of the scenarios in the power generation state will be described later with reference to Figures 7 and 8.

[0025] The adjusting power control database 204 stores, for example, the most efficient simulation result among the simulation results of the operating state of the pumped storage power plant 30 according to a combination of scenarios. This simulation result includes, for example, the time-series power generation of each pumping unit. For example, for a command signal Sig10 for power generation of 10 megawatts (MW), the combination of scenarios that satisfies safety standards for the water levels of the dams 600 and 602, the water pressure of the headrace 612, the penstock 614, the penstock 616, and the tailrace 618, and that also has the highest efficiency, is saved. The adjusting power control database 204 stores such combinations of scenarios for each combination of the expected power generation at the time of execution and the target power generation.

[0026] Similarly, for example, for a command signal Sig10 for a power consumption of -2 megawatts (MW), a combination of scenarios is saved in which the water levels of the dams 600 and 602, the water pressure of the headrace 612, the penstock 614, the penstock 616, and the tailrace 618, etc., satisfy safety standards and the target power is reached in the shortest time. The adjustment power control database 204 stores such combinations of scenarios for each combination of the expected power generation at the time of execution and the target power generation.

[0027] The model input data storage unit 206 stores (memorizes) data indicating various actual states within the pumped storage power plant 30. The data indicating these states includes, for example, dam information, surge tank information, waterway information, water turbine generator information, etc. The simulation result storage unit 208 stores (memorizes) the results of simulation experiments using the plant model of the pumped storage power plant 30 for each combination of scenarios.

[0028] The pumped storage power plant model generation unit 300 constructs a plant model for each pumped storage power plant 30. Data representing the actual state from the model input data storage unit 206 is supplied to the plant model as an initial condition. The plant model calculates a simulation experiment using a model of the pumped storage power plant 30 for each combination of scenarios. These calculations include a time series of the power generated by the pumped storage power plant 30, a time series of the water levels of the dams 600, 602 and surge tanks 608, 610, and the water pressures of the waterway systems 612, 614, 616, 618.

[0029] As described above, the execution processing unit 100 selects a combination of scenarios suited to the purpose from among combinations of scenarios in which the time-series water levels of the dams 600, 602 and surge tanks 608, 610 and the water pressures of the waterway systems 612, 614, 616, 618 simulated over time satisfy the ranges of safety standards. The output unit 400 stores the combination of scenarios selected by the execution processing unit 100 in the adjustment force control database 204. The output unit 400 is configured to suppress an increase in storage capacity by deleting from the adjustment force control database 204 scenario combinations for which a certain period of time has passed, depending on the storage date of the scenarios stored in the adjustment force control database 204.

[0030] The information input unit 500 includes, for example, a keyboard, a pointing device, etc., and outputs instruction signals to the model input data storage unit 206 in response to operations by a user of the simulator 10. These instruction signals include information such as dam information, surge tank information, waterway information, and water turbine generator information. The information input unit 500 is also capable of communicating with a communication device 622 (see FIG. 2) in the pumped storage power plant 30, and is also capable of acquiring information such as dam information, surge tank information, waterway information, and water turbine generator information via the communication device 622.

[0031] Here, the details of the model generated by the pumped storage power plant model generation unit 300 will be described with reference to Fig. 2. Fig. 3 is a diagram showing an example of a plant model 700. The plant model 700 is, for example, an example model of the pumped storage power plant 30 (see Fig. 2).

[0032] The plant model 700 is composed of a pumping machine model 704, a pumping machine model 706, a control device model 720, and a waterway model 722 that simulates the waterway system of the pumping machine. The configuration of the pumping machine model 706 is the same as that of the pumping machine model 704, although the setting parameters as various initial conditions are different. Therefore, only the pumping machine model 704 will be explained, and an explanation of the pumping machine model 706 will be omitted. These plant models 700 are configured for each pumped storage power plant 30.

[0033] The pumping machine model 704 has a speed governing control system model 704a, a speed governor model 704b, and a pump turbine model 704c (see Patent Document 1). The speed governing control system model 704a is a block that simulates the operation of the speed governing control system of the pumped storage power plant 30 in accordance with a control signal from the control device model 720. The speed governing control system model 704a calculates a speed governing control signal by PID control so as to reduce the rotational speed (frequency) deviation and MW output deviation of the turbine generator, and outputs the speed governing control signal to the speed governor model 704b.

[0034] The governor model 704b is a block that simulates stroke changes of the guide vanes of the pump model 704 in accordance with a control signal from the control device model 720. The governor model 704b includes a servo motor, guide vanes, etc., and simulates the operation of an actuator that operates the guide vanes in accordance with a governor control signal. The governor model 704b outputs the calculation results of the stroke changes to the pump-turbine model 704c.

[0035] The pump-turbine model 704c simulates power generation or pumping operation based on the stroke change calculation results in accordance with the control signal from the control device model 720. This pump-turbine model 704c simulates turbine characteristics according to the upper dam characteristics based on the upper dam water level conditions and the lower dam characteristics based on the lower dam water level conditions. Furthermore, based on the calculation results, the pump-turbine model 704c outputs the calculation results of the guide vane opening, the pump-turbine rotational speed, the generator output, or the power input to the pump-turbine as operational outputs.

[0036] The waterway model 722 outputs calculation results for the water levels of the dams 600, 602 and surge tanks 608, 610 and the water pressures of the waterway systems 612, 614, 616, 618 in accordance with the control signal from the control device model 720. All of these calculation results are stored in chronological order in the simulation result storage unit 208. The upper dam model and the lower dam model are blocks that simulate the upper dam characteristics based on the upper dam water level condition and the lower dam characteristics based on the lower dam water level condition, respectively. The surge tanks 608, 610 simulate the surge tank characteristics according to the upper dam characteristics based on the upper dam water level condition and the lower dam characteristics based on the lower dam water level condition, respectively. The waterway model 722 has a pipeline connection model and a pipeline branching and confluence model (see Patent Document 1). The pipeline connection model and pipeline branching / confluence model are blocks that simulate the characteristics of pipelines and their junctions, branching sections, and confluences. These models constitute a pipeline system model that simulates the pressure and pressure fluctuations within the pipelines of the water channel system 612, 614, 616, and 618.

[0037] Here, the actual operation control device 20 will be described in detail. The actual operation control device 20 has an initial condition acquisition unit 20a and a control selection unit 20b. When the initial condition acquisition unit 20a receives the command signal Sig10, it communicates with the communication device 622 (see FIG. 2) in the pumped storage power plant 30 to acquire information such as dam information, surge tank information, waterway information, and water turbine generator information in the pumped storage power plant 30.

[0038] The control selection unit 20b selects from the adjustment power control database 204 a scenario combination that matches the combination of the target output of the operating state of the pumped storage power plant 30 included in the command signal Sig10 and the power generated by the first pump-up unit 604 and the pump-up unit model 606. In other words, the control selection unit 20b selects a scenario combination that has already been selected after the completion of a simulation experiment. If there is no matching scenario combination, the control selection unit 20b causes the simulator 10 to calculate the optimal scenario combination.

[0039] The control selection unit 20b also controls the control device 620 of the pumped storage power plant 30 via the communication device 622 (see FIG. 2) in accordance with a combination of scenarios in which the pressure and pressure fluctuations in the pipeline and the water level satisfy the safety standards. In this way, the control device 620 controls the pumped storage power plant 30 after performing simulation calculations based on actual data in advance. This allows the operation of the pumped storage power plant 30 to be changed more efficiently while ensuring a safe state. This enables the pumping machine model, which combines a waterway model, a water turbine model, and a governor control model, to perform adjustable power control that satisfies the constraints of the water pressure fluctuations in the pipeline and the surge tank water level. This further shortens the operation selection time and enables online calculations using the adjustable power control database 204 for adjustable power control created in advance. This allows the pumping machines 604 and 606 to be automatically operated with more appropriate adjustable power control.

[0040] Here, the execution processing unit 100 will be described in detail. Fig. 4 is a block diagram showing an example configuration of the execution processing unit 100. This execution processing unit 100 has a transfer destination selection unit 102, a control candidate selection unit 104, a simulated operation execution unit 106, a selection unit 108, and a scenario generation unit 112. The selection unit 108 has a control candidate filtering unit 109, and an adjustment capability control selection unit 110.

[0041] The destination selection unit 102 selects a destination for the high-efficiency operating point of each scenario from a scenario database 202 that stores multiple scenarios. Fig. 5 is a diagram that schematically shows an example of selecting a destination. Fig. 5(a) is a diagram that schematically shows the generated power 604a of the first pump-up unit 604, which is the destination, and the power 606a used for pumping by the second pump-up unit 606. The horizontal axis represents the duration of the circulation operation, and the vertical axis represents the power of the destination. Positive (+) indicates power generation operation, and negative (-) indicates pumping operation.

[0042] FIG. 5(b) is a diagram showing an example in which the target output of the operational state of the pumped storage power plant 30 included in the command signal Sig10 is negative. The positive (+) indicates power generation operation, and the negative (-) indicates pumping operation or circulation operation. That is, this is an example assuming a command signal for power consumption of, for example, -2 megawatts (MW). In this way, the transfer destination selection unit 102 selects, as the transfer destination power, the generated power 604a of the first pumping machine 604 and the power 606a used for pumping of the second pumping machine 606, which satisfy the command signal for power consumption of, for example, -2 megawatts (MW).

[0043] The control candidate selection unit 104 selects from the scenario database 202 scenarios that correspond to the generated power 604a of the first pump 604, which is the destination selected by the destination selection unit 102, and the power 606a used for pumping by the second pump 606.

[0044] 6 is a diagram showing an example of a scenario selected by the control candidate selection unit 104. Here, an example is assumed in which the time required for the pumped storage power plant 30 to transition to circulation operation included in the command signal Sig10 is within 5 minutes.

[0045] The control candidate selection unit 104 selects multiple scenarios L10 to L14 as scenarios for the power generation 604a of the first pumping machine 604. On the other hand, it selects multiple scenarios L16 to L20 as scenarios for the power 606a used for pumping water by the second pumping machine 606.

[0046] 7 is a diagram showing an example of a power generation operation scenario selected by the control candidate selection unit 104. Here, an example is assumed in which the transition time from circulation operation at -2 megawatts (MW) to power generation operation at 10 megawatts (MW) is within 5 minutes. For 10 megawatts (MW) of power generation, for example, the power generated by the first pumping machine 604 is set to 4 megawatts (MW) and the power generated by the second pumping machine 606 is set to 6 megawatts (MW).

[0047] The control candidate selection unit 104 selects multiple scenarios L22 to L26 as scenarios for the power generated by the first pumping machine 604. On the other hand, it selects multiple scenarios L28 to L32 as scenarios for the power generated by the second pumping machine 606.

[0048] The simulated operation execution unit 106 constructs a plant model 700 of the pumped storage power plant 30. That is, the simulated operation execution unit 106 acquires initial conditions corresponding to the pumped storage power plant 30 from the model input data storage unit 206, and constructs the plant model 700 corresponding to the pumped storage power plant 30. At this time, the water levels of the dams 600 and 602 can be added as a condition.

[0049] Then, the simulated driving execution unit 106 executes a simulation experiment for all combinations of scenarios L10 to L14 and scenarios L16 to L20, and stores the results in the simulation result storage unit 208. Similarly, the simulated driving execution unit 106 executes a simulation experiment for all combinations of scenarios L22 to L26 and scenarios L28 to L32, and stores the results in the simulation result storage unit 208.

[0050] Based on the simulation experiment, the selection unit 108 selects a combination of scenarios in which the pressure and pressure fluctuations in the pipeline satisfy predetermined standards from among combinations of scenarios L10 to L14 (L22 to L26) and scenarios L16 to L20 (L28 to L32). More specifically, the control candidate filtering unit 109 of the selection unit 108 selects a combination of scenarios in which the water pressure, water level, etc. satisfy predetermined safety standard levels from the simulation experiment for all combinations of scenarios L10 to L14 and scenarios L16 to L20. Similarly, the control candidate filtering unit 109 selects a combination of scenarios in which the water pressure, water level, etc. satisfy predetermined safety standard levels from the simulation experiment for all combinations of scenarios L22 to L26 and scenarios L28 to L32.

[0051] The adjustment capability control selection unit 110 of the selection unit 108 selects a combination of scenarios suited to the purpose from among the combinations of scenarios selected by the control candidate filtering unit 109. For example, in association with the conditions of an initial power of 0 watts, a transition destination after circulation operation of -2 megawatts (MW), and a transition time of 5 minutes or less, the combination of scenarios that will result in the transition in the shortest time is selected from the selected combinations of scenarios L10 to L14 and scenarios 16 to L20, and stored in the adjustment capability control database 204. This enables adjustment capability control that includes simultaneous operation of pumping and power generation, which allows for output adjustment when a constant-speed pumping machine is pumping (a state in which the pump turbine is rotating in the opposite direction to when it is generating power).

[0052] The adjustment capability control selection unit 110 selects a combination of scenarios that suits the purpose from among the combinations of scenarios selected by the control candidate filtering unit 109. For example, in association with the conditions that the initial power is -2 watts, the transition destination after power generation operation is 10 megawatts (MW), and the transition time is within 5 minutes, the combination of scenarios that transitions at the highest efficiency point is selected from the selected combinations of scenarios L22 to L26 and scenarios L28 to L32, and stored in the adjustment capability control database 204.

[0053] FIG. 8 illustrates an example of selecting the most efficient point after transitioning to power generation operation. The horizontal axis represents the power generated by the pumped storage power plant 30, and the vertical axis represents power generation efficiency. For example, power generation efficiency is power generation per unit time and unit water volume. The figure illustrates an example of transitioning from the power consumption L30 during circulation operation before transition to power generation L32, L34, and L36, which have nonlinear characteristics during power generation operation. The adjustment capability control selector 110 selects a combination of scenarios that output power generation L32 during power generation operation with the highest power generation efficiency and stores the combination in the adjustment capability control database 204. For example, the adjustment capability control selector 110 associates the initial power of −2 watts (MW), the transition destination after power generation operation of 10 megawatts (MW), and the transition time within 5 minutes with the scenario combination that outputs power generation L32, and stores the combination in the adjustment capability control database 204. This enables high-efficiency operation when operating multiple pump-turbines with nonlinear power generation characteristics during power generation operation. The selection of the transition point to the highest power generation efficiency occurs when transitioning from circulation operation to power generation operation of multiple units, when transitioning from pumping operation of multiple units to power generation operation of multiple units, etc. Also, in a power plant with three or more pumps, it occurs when at least one pump is in pumping operation and the remaining two or more pumps are transitioned to power generation operation.

[0054] The scenario generation unit 112 generates a combination of scenarios for the combination of output power at the start of the scenario, target power after the start of the scenario, transition time, and water levels of the dams 600, 602. The scenario generation unit 112 generates a combination of scenarios based on information about the installed equipment for each of the pumps 604, 606, within the scope that satisfies the specifications of the installed equipment. The scenario generation unit 112 stores the generated scenarios in the scenario database 202.

[0055] 9 is a flowchart showing an example of the operation of the simulator 10 according to this embodiment. Here, an example of a process for selecting an arbitrary combination of scenarios will be described.

[0056] First, the scenario generation unit 112 generates a scenario for a combination of output power at the start of the scenario, target power after the start of the scenario, and transition time, and the water levels of the dams 600 and 602, and stores the scenario in the scenario database 202 (step S10). Next, the transition destination selection unit 102 selects any one scenario for the first pumping machine 604 as a selected scenario (step S12). Subsequently, the transition destination selection unit 102 selects a scenario for the second pumping machine 606 that will bring about the highest efficiency for the selected scenario, and the transition destination at that time (step S14).

[0057] Next, the control candidate selection unit 104 selects a combination of multiple scenarios that satisfy the selected destination and the initial conditions of the selected scenario from the scenario generation unit 112 (step S16). Next, the simulated operation execution unit 106 acquires the initial conditions corresponding to the pumped storage power plant 30 from the model input data storage unit 206, and constructs a plant model 700 corresponding to the pumped storage power plant 30. Then, the simulated operation execution unit 106 executes a simulation experiment for all the scenario combinations selected by the control candidate selection unit 104, and stores the results in the simulation result storage unit 208 (step S18).

[0058] The control candidate filtering unit 109 determines whether all the scenario combinations satisfy the product requirements in the supply and demand balancing market (step S20). For example, in the case of secondary adjustment (corresponding to a change in operation when the operation is already in progress), a requirement is imposed that the transition time be within 5 minutes. If the control candidate filtering unit 109 determines that all the scenario combinations do not satisfy the requirements (N in step S20), it proceeds to step S30.

[0059] On the other hand, the control candidate filtering unit 109 determines whether the water pressure, water level, etc., for the combination of scenarios that satisfy the product requirements meet the preset safety standard levels (step S22). If the control candidate filtering unit 109 determines that the combination of scenarios remaining after filtering does not satisfy the requirements (N in step S22), it proceeds to step S30.

[0060] On the other hand, if the control candidate filtering unit 109 determines that there is a combination of scenarios that satisfies the safety standard level (Y in step S22), the adjustment capability control selection unit 110 determines whether there are multiple combinations of scenarios selected by the control candidate filtering unit 109 (step S24). If there are multiple combinations of scenarios (Y in step S24), the adjustment capability control selection unit 110 selects a combination of scenarios that suits the purpose from the multiple scenario combinations and stores it in the adjustment capability control database 204 (step S26). On the other hand, if there are not multiple combinations (Y in step S24), the adjustment capability control selection unit 110 selects one of the remaining combinations of scenarios and stores it in the adjustment capability control database 204 (step S28).

[0061] Next, the adjustment capability control selection unit 110 determines whether or not to end the overall processing (step S30), and if it is to be ended (Y in step S30), the overall processing is ended. On the other hand, if it is not to be ended (N in step S30), the processing from step S12 is repeated.

[0062] 10 is a flowchart showing an example of the operation of the actual operation control device 20 according to this embodiment. First, when the initial condition acquisition unit 20a of the actual operation control device 20 receives the command signal Sig10 (step S40), it communicates with the communication device 622 (see FIG. 2) in the pumped storage power plant 30 to acquire information such as dam information, surge tank information, waterway information, and water turbine generator information in the pumped storage power plant 30 (step S42).

[0063] Next, the control selection unit 20b selects from the adjustment power control database 204 a combination of the target output of the operating state of the pumped storage power plant 30 contained in the command signal Sig10, the combination of the generated power of the first pump 604 and the second pump 606, and a scenario combination that matches the water levels of the dams 600 and 602 (step S44).

[0064] Next, the control selection unit 20b causes the control device 620 to execute control of the pumped storage power plant 30 via the communication device 622 (see Figure 2) in the pumped storage power plant 30 according to a combination of scenarios that meet safety standards such as water pressure and water level (step S46).

[0065] In this way, the control selection unit 20b selects a combination of scenarios according to the purpose from among those that have already been confirmed to satisfy the safety standards from the adjustment capability control database 204, and can make the pumped storage power plant 30 switch to an operating state according to the purpose while satisfying the safety standards more quickly. This makes it possible to formulate an adjustment capability control that is more suitable for satisfying the product requirements in the supply and demand balancing market and the allowable ranges of various parameters.

[0066] 11 is a flowchart showing an example of an operation for selecting the most efficient point after switching to power generation operation. First, the control candidate selection unit 104 acquires an initial condition and an output command (step S50). Next, the control candidate selection unit 104 selects a combination of scenarios that satisfy the initial condition and the output command (step S52).

[0067] The simulated operation execution unit 106 acquires initial conditions (information such as dam information, surge tank information, waterway information, turbine generator information, etc.) corresponding to the pumped storage power plant 30 from the model input data storage unit 206 and constructs a plant model 700 corresponding to the pumped storage power plant 30.

[0068] Then, the simulated operation execution unit 106 executes a simulation experiment for all combinations of scenarios, and stores the simulation experiment including information on efficiency and output characteristics in the simulation result storage unit 208 (step S54). Next, the adjustment capability control selection unit 110 selects the combination of scenarios with the highest efficiency point from the combinations of scenarios that satisfy the safety standards remaining after filtering by the control candidate filtering unit 109, and stores this combination in the adjustment capability control database 204 (step S56).

[0069] In this way, the simulated operation execution unit 106 executes a simulation experiment for a combination of multiple scenarios, and the regulation capability control selection unit 110 selects a combination of scenarios that meets the purpose from among the combinations of scenarios that meet the safety standards. This allows the combination of scenarios that meets the safety standards and is more suited to the purpose to be stored in the regulation capability control database 204.

[0070] As described above, according to this embodiment, the scenario generation unit 112 generates a plurality of first scenarios that represent a time-series power generation state until the initial power generation amount of the pumping machine 604 reaches the target power generation amount, and a plurality of second scenarios that represent a time-series power generation state until the initial power generation amount of the pumping machine 606 reaches the target power generation amount. The plant model generation unit 300 generates a pumping machine model that includes a pipeline system model that simulates pressure fluctuations in a pipeline that can form a circulation channel between the pumping machines 604 and 606, and a plurality of hydraulic turbine models that simulate the hydraulic turbine characteristics of the pumping machines 604 and 606. The simulation operation execution unit 106 executes a simulation experiment on each pumping machine model for a combination of the plurality of first scenarios and the plurality of second scenarios. This enables the selection unit 108 to select a combination of scenarios from among the combinations of the plurality of first scenarios and the plurality of second scenarios based on the simulation experiment, in which the pressure or pressure fluctuation in the pipeline satisfies a predetermined standard. Furthermore, the selection unit 108 selects a combination of scenarios that meets the purpose from among the combinations of scenarios that meet the criteria, so that a combination of scenarios that meets the safety criteria can be selected.

[0071] At least a part of the simulated system 1 for a pumped storage power plant described in the above embodiment may be configured with hardware or software. When configured with software, a program that realizes at least a part of the functions of the control unit and the hydrogen production system may be stored on a recording medium such as a flexible disk or CD-ROM and read and executed by a computer. The recording medium is not limited to removable media such as magnetic disks or optical disks, but may also be fixed recording media such as a hard disk or memory.

[0072] In addition, a program that realizes at least a part of the functions of the pumped storage power plant simulation system 1 may be distributed via a communication line (including wireless communication) such as the Internet. Furthermore, the program may be encrypted, modulated, or compressed and distributed via a wired line or wireless line such as the Internet, or stored on a recording medium.

[0073] Although several embodiments have been described above, these embodiments are presented only as examples and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The novel devices, methods, and programs described in this specification can be embodied in various other forms. Furthermore, various omissions, substitutions, and modifications can be made to the forms of the devices, methods, and programs described in this specification without departing from the spirit of the invention. [Explanation of symbols]

[0074] 1: Simulation system of pumped storage power plant, 10: Simulation device, 20: Actual operation control device, 20a: Initial condition acquisition unit, 20b: Control selection unit, 30: Pumped storage power plant, 100: Execution processing unit, 102: Destination selection unit, 104: Control candidate selection unit, 106: Simulation operation execution unit, 108: Selection unit, 112: Scenario generation unit, 600: Upper dam, 602: Lower dam, 604: First pump, 606: Second pump, 608, 610: Surge tank, 612: Water conduit, 614: Penstock, 616: Penstock, 618: Outlet, 700: Plant model, 704a: Governor control system model, 704b: Governor model, 704c: Pump turbine model, 722: Water channel model.

Claims

1. a scenario generation unit that generates a plurality of first scenarios that indicate a time-series power generation state until the initial power generation amount of the first pump reaches a target power generation amount, and a plurality of second scenarios that indicate a time-series power generation state until the initial power generation amount of the second pump reaches a target power generation amount; a plant model generation unit that generates a pump model including a pipeline model that simulates pressure fluctuations in a pipeline that can form a circulating water passage between the first pump and the second pump, and a plurality of hydraulic turbine models that simulate hydraulic turbine characteristics of the first pump and the second pump, respectively; an execution unit that causes the pump model to execute a simulation experiment for each combination of the plurality of first scenarios and the plurality of second scenarios; a selection unit that selects, from among the combinations of the plurality of first scenarios and the plurality of second scenarios based on the simulation experiment, a combination of scenarios in which pressure fluctuations in the pipeline satisfy a predetermined standard; A pumped storage power plant simulation device comprising:

2. the plurality of first scenarios are scenarios in which a power generating operation of the first pumping machine is executed, The simulator for a pumped storage power plant according to claim 1 , wherein the plurality of second scenarios are scenarios in which the second pump operates to pump water.

3. the plurality of first scenarios are scenarios in which a power generating operation of the first pumping machine is executed, The simulator for a pumped storage power plant according to claim 1 , wherein the plurality of second scenarios are scenarios in which a power generating operation of the second pumping machine is executed.

4. 2. The pumped storage power plant simulator according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of first scenarios each have a different time to reach the target power generation, and the plurality of second scenarios each have a different time to reach the target power generation.

5. 2. The pumped storage power plant simulator of claim 1, wherein the selection unit selects a combination of scenarios further based on power generation efficiency, which is the power generation per unit time and per unit water volume, when both the first pump and the second pump are operating to generate power.

6. The simulation device for a pumped-storage power plant according to claim 1, wherein the selection unit selects a combination of scenarios further based on a transition time when the first pump operates to generate electricity and the second pump operates to pump water.

7. The simulator for a pumped storage power plant according to claim 1, further comprising a storage unit that stores the combination of scenarios selected by the selection unit.

8. the pump model models an upper dam, a lower dam, the first pump, the second pump, a headrace connecting these, a first penstock, a second penstock, a discharge channel, a first surge tank connected to the headrace, and a second surge tank connected to the discharge channel, the first penstock and the second penstock corresponding to the pipelines that can form the circulating water channel, the headrace, the first penstock, the second penstock, and the tailrace constitute a waterway model having a pipeline connection model and a pipeline branching and merging model; 2. The simulation device for a pumped storage power plant according to claim 1, wherein the plant model generation unit generates the pumping machine model using, as initial conditions, information on water levels of the upper dam, the lower dam, the first surge tank, and the second surge tank, and information on water pressures of at least the first penstock and the second penstock among the headrace, the first penstock, the second penstock, and the outlet channel.

9. a scenario generation process for generating a plurality of first scenarios that indicate a time-series power generation state until the initial power generation amount of the first pump reaches a target power generation amount, and a plurality of second scenarios that indicate a time-series power generation state until the initial power generation amount of the second pump reaches a target power generation amount; a plant model generation process for generating a pump model including a pipeline model that simulates pressure fluctuations in a pipeline that can form a circulating water passage between the first pump and the second pump, and a plurality of hydraulic turbine models that simulate hydraulic turbine characteristics of the first pump and the second pump, respectively; an execution step of causing the pump model to execute a simulation experiment for each combination of the plurality of first scenarios and the plurality of second scenarios; a selection step of selecting, from among the combinations of the plurality of first scenarios and the plurality of second scenarios, a combination of scenarios in which pressure fluctuations in the pipeline satisfy a predetermined standard based on the simulation experiment; A method for simulating a pumped storage power plant, comprising:

10. A simulation device; A simulation system for a pumped storage power plant comprising an actual operation control device, The simulator is a scenario generation unit that generates a plurality of first scenarios that indicate a time-series power generation state until the initial power generation amount of the first pump reaches a target power generation amount, and a plurality of second scenarios that indicate a time-series power generation state until the initial power generation amount of the second pump reaches a target power generation amount; a plant model generation unit that generates a pump model including a pipeline model that simulates pressure fluctuations in a pipeline that can form a circulating water passage between the first pump and the second pump, and a plurality of hydraulic turbine models that simulate hydraulic turbine characteristics of the first pump and the second pump, respectively; an execution unit that causes the pump model to execute a simulation experiment for each combination of the plurality of first scenarios and the plurality of second scenarios; a selection unit that selects, from among the combinations of the plurality of first scenarios and the plurality of second scenarios based on the simulation experiment, a combination of scenarios in which pressure fluctuations in the pipeline satisfy a predetermined standard; a storage unit that stores the combination of scenarios selected by the selection unit, The actual operation control device is a collecting unit for collecting the power at the transition point and the current power of the pumped storage power plant corresponding to the pumping machine model; a control selection unit that selects a combination of scenarios from the storage unit based on the power at the transition point and the current power, and causes the pumped storage power plant to execute the combination; A simulation system of a pumped storage power plant having the above.

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