Protected substrate and method for protecting substrate

Abstract

To provide a protected substrate that includes: a planar substrate having a surface; and a burn-off temporary protective layer positioned over at least a portion of the surface.SOLUTION: The burn-off temporary protective layer includes a polyurethane layer, an epoxide layer, or a combination thereof. The burn-off temporary protective layer is can be removed by a heat treatment process that does not substantially damage the surface. Various other protected substrates and methods for protecting a substrate are also disclosed.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS This application claims the benefit of U.S. Application No. 17 / 214,905, filed April 27, 2021, and U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 018,596, filed May 1, 2020, both of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entireties. [Background technology]

[0002] Background of the Invention Technical field to which the invention belongs The present invention relates to a protected substrate and a method for protecting a substrate.

[0003] 2. Description of Related Art Large substrates, such as large glass plates, are often damaged during shipping from the manufacturing plant to the customer. This results in substrates that are unsuitable for installation, leading to chargebacks to manufacturers and construction delays. To protect large substrates, methods include stacking two protective sheets or securing them with tape.

[0004] This method has certain drawbacks. For example, small capillaries can form at the seam between the two taped protective sheets. These small capillaries can attract water and induce corrosion at the seam, resulting in damage that can result in chargebacks and project delays. Therefore, a protective substrate is needed that prevents damage to large substrates during shipping, including corrosion damage induced at the seam where the protective sheets are stacked. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Summary of the Invention The present invention is directed to a protective substrate comprising: a planar substrate including a surface; and a burn-off temporary protective layer disposed on at least a portion of the surface, wherein the burn-off temporary protective layer comprises a polyurethane layer, an epoxide layer, or a combination thereof. The burn-off temporary protective layer may be removable by a thermal treatment process that does not substantially damage the surface.

[0006] The present invention is also directed to a method of protecting a substrate, comprising providing a planar substrate including a surface and applying a material that forms a burn-off temporary protective layer on at least a first portion of the surface, wherein the burn-off temporary protective layer comprises a polyurethane layer, an epoxide layer, or a combination thereof. The burn-off temporary protective layer may be removable by a heat treatment process that does not substantially damage the surface.

[0007] The present invention is also directed to a method for removing a burn-off temporary protective layer from a coated substrate, the method comprising: providing a coated substrate including a surface over which a burn-off temporary protective layer has been applied, wherein the burn-off temporary protective layer comprises a polyurethane layer, an epoxide layer, or a combination thereof; and removing the burn-off temporary protective layer from the surface by burning the burn-off temporary protective layer to form an unprotected substrate. The burn-off temporary protective layer can be removed by a heat treatment process that does not substantially damage the surface.

[0008] The present invention is also directed to a protective substrate comprising: a planar substrate including a surface; a temporary protective layer disposed on at least a portion of the surface; a first temporary protective sheet disposed on at least a first portion of the surface; and a second temporary protective sheet disposed on at least a second portion of the surface, wherein an overlapping portion of the second temporary protective sheet overlaps with an overlapping portion of the first temporary protective sheet; a gap is defined by the overlap between the second temporary protective sheet and the portion of the surface, and a portion of the temporary protective layer is disposed between the second temporary protective sheet and the portion of the surface.

[0009] The present invention is also directed to a protective substrate comprising: a planar substrate including a surface; a first temporary protective sheet disposed on a first portion of the surface; a second temporary protective sheet disposed on a second portion of the surface, wherein a third portion of the surface is not covered by the first temporary protective sheet and the third portion of the surface is not covered by the second temporary protective sheet; and a temporary protective layer on at least the third portion of the surface, wherein the temporary protective layer is disposed directly below the first and / or second protective sheet and is disposed between the substrate and the first and / or second temporary protective sheet:

[0010] The present invention is also directed to a method of protecting a substrate, comprising: providing a planar substrate including a surface; applying a material that forms a temporary protective layer onto at least a first portion of the surface; adhering a first temporary protective sheet onto a second portion of the surface, wherein a portion of the first temporary protective sheet overlaps the first portion of the temporary protective layer; and adhering a second temporary protective sheet onto the second portion of the temporary protective layer and onto a third portion of the surface, wherein an overlap is formed between the first temporary protective sheet and the second temporary protective sheet, and wherein the overlap defines a gap between the second temporary protective sheet and the surface.

[0011] The present invention is also directed to a method of removing a temporary protective layer from a coated substrate, comprising: providing a protected substrate comprising: a planar substrate including a surface; a temporary protective layer disposed on at least a portion of the surface; a first temporary protective sheet disposed on at least a first portion of the surface; and a second temporary protective sheet disposed on at least a second portion of the surface, wherein an overlapping portion of the second temporary protective sheet overlaps the overlapping portion of the first temporary protective sheet at the overlapping portion; the overlap between the second temporary protective sheet and the portion of the surface defines a gap, and a portion of the temporary protective layer is disposed between the second temporary protective sheet and the portion of the surface; removing the first temporary protective sheet and / or the temporary protective sheet by peeling; and removing the temporary protective layer from the surface by burning, vaporizing, removing with a solvent, or peeling the temporary protective layer to form an unprotected substrate. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0012] Drawing outline [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a protection substrate according to a first non-limiting embodiment.

[0013] [Figure 2] FIG. 2 illustrates a protection substrate according to a second non-limiting embodiment.

[0014] [Figure 3] FIG. 3 illustrates a protection substrate according to a third non-limiting embodiment.

[0015] [Figure 4] FIG. 4 illustrates a protection substrate according to a fourth non-limiting embodiment.

[0016] [Figure 5] FIG. 5 illustrates a protection substrate according to a fifth non-limiting embodiment.

[0017] [Figure 6] FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a protection substrate according to a sixth non-limiting embodiment.

[0018] [Figure 7] FIG. 7 illustrates a protection substrate according to a seventh non-limiting embodiment.

[0019] [Figure 8] FIG. 8 illustrates a protection substrate according to an eighth non-limiting embodiment.

[0020] [Figure 9] FIG. 9 illustrates a protection substrate according to a ninth non-limiting embodiment.

[0021] [Figure 10]FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a protection substrate according to a tenth non-limiting embodiment.

[0022] [Figure 11] FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating a protection substrate according to an eleventh non-limiting embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0023] Detailed Description of the Invention For purposes of the following description, the terms "end," "top," "bottom," "right," "left," "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "transverse," "longitudinal," and their derivatives shall refer to the present invention as oriented in the drawing figures. However, it is understood that the present invention may contemplate various alternative modifications and step sequences, unless expressly specified to the contrary. It should also be understood that the specific devices and processes illustrated in the accompanying drawings and described in the following specification are merely exemplary embodiments or aspects of the present invention. Therefore, specific dimensions and other physical characteristics related to the embodiments or aspects disclosed herein are not to be considered limiting.

[0024] For purposes of the following detailed description, it is understood that the invention can assume various alternative modifications and step sequences unless expressly stated to the contrary. Moreover, in any operating examples, or where otherwise indicated, all numerical values ​​used in the specification and claims should be understood to be modified in all instances by the term "about." Accordingly, unless indicated to the contrary, the numerical parameters set forth in the following specification and appended claims are approximations that may vary depending upon the desired properties to be obtained by the present invention. At the very least, and without attempting to limit the application of the doctrine of equivalents to the scope of the claims, each numerical parameter should, at the very least, be construed in light of the number of reported significant digits and by applying ordinary rounding techniques.

[0025] It should be understood that any numerical range recited herein is intended to include all subranges subsumed therein. For example, a range of "1 to 10" is intended to include all subranges between (and including) the recited minimum value of 1 and the recited maximum value of 10, i.e., those having a minimum value of 1 or greater and a maximum value of 10 or less.

[0026] With respect to layers of material described herein, the term "over" means further from the substrate on which the material is disposed. For example, a second layer disposed "over" a first layer means that the second layer is disposed further from the substrate than the first layer. The second layer may be in direct contact with the first layer. Alternatively, one or more other layers may be disposed between the first and second layers.

[0027] The term "polymer" or "polymeric" includes oligomers, homopolymers, copolymers, and terpolymers, e.g., polymers formed from two or more types of monomers or polymers. As used herein, the term "resin" is used interchangeably with the term "polymer."

[0028] The term "including" is synonymous with "including."

[0029] Referring to Figures 1-11, the present invention is directed to a protected substrate and a method for protecting a substrate as described herein.

[0030] Referring to FIG. 1 , the protection substrate 100 includes a substrate 112. The substrate 112 may be made of any suitable material and may be a substrate manufactured at a manufacturing facility and shipped to a customer site, such that the substrate 112 is susceptible to damage during shipping. In some non-limiting examples, the substrate 112 may include glass. For example, the substrate 112 may be composed of soda-lime glass, borosilicate glass, or lead glass. In one non-limiting exemplary embodiment, the glass may include soda-lime glass. The glass may be clear glass. "Clear glass" refers to untinted or non-tinted glass. Alternatively, the glass may be tinted glass or other tinted glass. The glass may be annealed glass or heat-treated glass. As used herein, the term "heat-treated" means tempered or at least partially tempered. The glass can be of any type, such as conventional float glass, and of any composition with any optical properties (e.g., any values ​​of visible radiation transmittance, ultraviolet radiation transmittance, infrared radiation transmittance, and / or total solar energy transmittance). "Float glass" means glass formed by a conventional float process in which molten glass is deposited onto a molten metal bath and controllably cooled to form a float glass ribbon. In other non-limiting examples, the substrate 112 can include metal or wood. For example, the substrate 112 can include steel, copper, aluminum, or combinations thereof. The metal substrate can be a sheet or bar. The substrate can be made of any material capable of being damaged (e.g., scratched, corroded, etc.) during shipping.

[0031] The substrate may be a coated substrate, having a functional coating layer on a base material such as coated glass. As used herein, the term "functional coating" refers to a coating that imparts a functional benefit to a surface beyond surface decoration. Non-limiting examples may include coatings that impart optical, structural, electrical, hygienic, thermal, and / or physiochemical properties to the surface. Non-limiting examples of functional coatings include at least one of a low-e (low emissivity) coating, a hydrophilic coating, a hydrophobic coating, an oleophilic coating, a low-friction coating, an antibacterial coating, an anti-fingerprint coating, an anti-fog coating, a self-cleaning coating, an easy-to-clean coating, a transparent conductive coating, and combinations thereof.

[0032] The functional coating layer may include a metal layer comprising a metallic material such as gold, copper, silver, aluminum, palladium, or a combination thereof. The functional coating layer may be applied to a substrate using magnetron sputtering deposition ("MSVD"), such as MSVD-coated glass. Non-limiting examples of suitable functional coatings and coated substrates are disclosed in US 2017 / 0341977; US 2018 / 0118614; US 2019 / 0204480; US 7,335,421; US ​​8,865,325; US 9,932,267; and US 10,479,724, all of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entireties.

[0033] In some non-limiting embodiments, the substrate 112 may be a large substrate such that multiple protective sheets are required to protect the entire surface of the substrate 112 during shipping. In some examples, the large substrate may have a length of greater than 100 inches, such as at least 130 inches, at least 160 inches, at least 190 inches, at least 220 inches, or at least 250 inches. In some examples, the large substrate may have a width of greater than 100 inches, such as at least 130 inches, at least 160 inches, at least 190 inches, at least 220 inches, or at least 250 inches. One non-limiting example of such a planar substrate includes a glass sheet.

[0034] In some non-limiting embodiments, the substrate 112 may be a planar substrate, such as a flat glass sheet. As used herein, "planar substrate" refers to a flat substrate.

[0035] 1 , the protective substrate 100 further includes a temporary protective layer 114 disposed over at least a portion of the surface of the substrate 112. The temporary protective layer 114 may be formed from a composition that, when applied to the surface of the substrate 112 and solidifies, forms a layer thereon, defined as the temporary protective layer 114. The temporary protective layer 114 may be disposed over at least a portion of the surface of the substrate 112, and in some non-limiting embodiments, over at least the entire surface of the substrate 112. The temporary protective layer 114 may be applied over at least a portion of the edge of the substrate 112.

[0036] The temporary protective layer 114 may include a polyurethane layer, an epoxide layer, or a combination thereof. As used herein, a "polyurethane layer" is a layer that includes urethane bonds and / or is made from a component that includes polyurethane. For example, a polyurethane layer may include urethane bonds. The temporary protective layer 114 may include an epoxide layer. As used herein, an "epoxide layer" is a layer that includes an epoxide or a layer obtained from a component that includes an epoxide. For example, an epoxide layer may include epoxide groups.

[0037] The temporary protective layer 114 may include both a polyurethane layer and an epoxide layer. When both a polyurethane layer and an epoxide layer are present, the polyurethane layer and the epoxide layer may be formed together such that the temporary protective layer 114 includes one layer containing both a polyurethane and an epoxide. Alternatively, when both a polyurethane layer and an epoxide layer are present, the polyurethane layer and the epoxide layer may be formed as separate layers. For example, the polyurethane layer may be formed on the substrate, and the epoxide layer may be formed on the polyurethane layer. As a further example, the epoxide layer may be formed on the substrate, and the polyurethane layer may be formed on the epoxide layer.

[0038] The temporary protective layer 114 may be formed from a coating composition. The coating composition may include a polyurethane, an epoxide, or a combination thereof.

[0039] The coating composition may include a polyurethane. Examples of polyurethanes include water-based polyurethanes, polyurethanes formed from two-component systems, emulsions thereof, and combinations thereof. The polyurethane may include additional functional groups, including ester bonds, ether bonds, and hydrophilic groups such as hydroxyl groups, carboxyl groups, carbonyl groups, amino groups, and thiol groups. The hydrophilic functional groups may be incorporated into the polyurethane to aid in emulsion formation. The polyurethane may be a polyurethane polymer. For example, the coating composition may include an oil-modified polyurethane polymer.

[0040] Polyurethanes can be obtained by reacting one or more hydroxyl-functional compounds with one or more isocyanate-functional compounds. Hydroxyl-functional compounds can include diols and / or polyols having three or more hydroxyl functional groups. As used herein, "polyol" refers to any compound containing two or more hydroxyl groups. Isocyanate-functional compounds can include compounds having two or more isocyanate functional groups, such as compounds having three or more isocyanate functional groups. Isocyanate-functional compounds can include unblocked isocyanates, blocked isocyanates, partially blocked isocyanates, or combinations thereof.

[0041] The polyurethane polymer may be formed from a mixture of reactants. The mixture of reactants used to form the polyurethane polymer may include an oil polyol. When an oil polyol is used in the mixture of reactants used to form the polyurethane polymer, the polyurethane polymer can be considered an oil-modified polyurethane polymer.

[0042] As used herein, "oil polyol" refers to an oil comprising two or more hydroxyl groups. The oil polyol used to form the polyurethane polymer may be the reaction product of a mixture of reactants comprising at least an unsaturated oil and / or a fatty acid and at least one polyol.

[0043] For example, the mixture of reactants used to form the oil polyol may contain unsaturated oils and / or fatty acids. Non-limiting examples of unsaturated oils and / or fatty acids that can be used to form the oil polyol include palm oil, soybean oil, sunflower seed oil, peanut oil, cottonseed oil, rapeseed oil, coconut oil, palm kernel oil, olive oil, corn oil, grapeseed oil, hazelnut oil, linseed oil, sesame oil, avocado oil, hemp seed oil, tallow oil, canola oil, safflower oil, tall oil, sunflower oil, poppy seed oil, perilla oil, walnut oil, castor oil, sardine oil, ricinoleic acid, eleostearic acid, linoleic acid, palmitoleic acid, arachidonic acid, and combinations thereof.

[0044] The unsaturated oils and / or fatty acids may have an iodine value of at least 70, or at least 80, or at least 90, or at least 100. The unsaturated oils and / or fatty acids may have an iodine value of up to 250, or up to 225, or up to 210, or up to 200. The unsaturated and / or fatty acid oils may have an iodine value in the range of 70 to 250, or in the range of 80 to 225, or in the range of 90 to 210, or in the range of 100 to 200. As used herein, "iodine value" is an analytical measurement of the degree of unsaturation of an oil or fat and represents the number of grams of iodine taken up by 100 grams of oil or fat, as measured by titration.

[0045] The reactant mixture used to form the oil polyol can contain unsaturated oil and / or fatty acid in an amount of at least 75 wt%, or at least 80 wt%, or at least 85 wt%, or at least 90 wt%, based on the total solids weight of the reactant mixture used to form the oil polyol. The reactant mixture used to form the oil polyol can contain unsaturated oil and / or fatty acid in an amount of up to 98 wt%, or up to 97 wt%, or up to 96 wt%, or up to 95 wt%, based on the total solids weight of the reactant mixture used to form the oil polyol. The reactant mixture used to form the oil polyol can contain unsaturated oil and / or fatty acid in an amount ranging from 75 wt% to 98 wt%, or from 80 wt% to 97 wt%, or from 85 wt% to 96 wt%, or from 90 wt% to 95 wt%, based on the total solids weight of the reactant mixture used to form the oil polyol.

[0046] The reactant mixture used to form the oil polyol may include a polyol. The polyol used to form the oil polyol may be any polyol that can react with the unsaturated oil and / or fatty acid present in the reactant mixture used to form the oil polyol. Non-limiting examples of polyols that can be used to form the oil polyol include cyclohexanedimethanol, bisphenol A, glycerin, trimethylolpropane, trimethylolethane, pentaerythritol, sorbitol, neopentyl glycol, 1,6 hexanediol, 1,4 butanediol, 1,3 butylene glycol, 1,3 propanediol, dipropylene glycol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, ethylene glycol, and combinations thereof.

[0047] The polyol used to form the oil polyol may comprise at least one polyol.For example, the polyol used from the oil polyol may comprise two or more different polyols, or three or more different polyols, or four or more different polyols.The additional polyol may be any of the polyols that can be used to form the oil polyol, as discussed above.

[0048] The reactant mixture used to form the oil polyol may comprise at least 1 wt%, or at least 2 wt%, or at least 3 wt%, or at least 5 wt%, of the polyol, based on the total solids weight of the reactant mixture used to form the oil polyol. The reactant mixture used to form the oil polyol may comprise up to 25 wt%, or up to 20 wt%, or up to 15 wt%, or up to 10 wt%, of the polyol, based on the total solids weight of the reactant mixture used to form the oil polyol. The reactant mixture used to form the oil polyol may comprise from 1 wt% to 25 wt%, or from 2 wt% to 20 wt%, or from 3 wt% to 15 wt%, or from 5 wt% to 10 wt%, of the polyol, based on the total solids weight of the reactant mixture used to form the oil polyol.

[0049] The reactant mixture used to form the oil polyol may optionally contain a catalyst. The catalyst may be any compound that reduces the activation energy of the reaction between the unsaturated oil and the polyol. The catalyst may include a transesterification catalyst. Non-limiting examples of catalysts that may be used in the reaction mixture used to form the oil polyol include 1,5,7-triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-ene, zinc acetate, calcium naphthenate, zinc naphthenate, barium naphthenate, lithium iron naphthenate, neodecanoic acid, and combinations thereof.

[0050] The reactant mixture used to form the oil polyol may optionally contain a catalyst in an amount of at least greater than 0 wt%, or at least 0.01 wt%, based on the total solids weight of the reactant mixture used to form the oil polyol. As used herein, "greater than 0" wt% means that the compound may be present in any amount greater than 0 wt%, up to an upper limit (if specified). The reactant mixture used to form the oil polyol may contain a catalyst in an amount of up to 5 wt%, or up to 3 wt%, or up to 2 wt%, or up to 1 wt%, based on the total solids weight of the reactant mixture used to form the oil polyol. The reactant mixture used to form the oil polyol may contain a catalyst in an amount ranging from greater than 0 wt% to 5 wt%, or from greater than 0 wt% to 3 wt%, or from greater than 0 wt% to 2 wt%, or from greater than 0 wt% to 1 wt%, or from 0 to 1 wt%. The catalyst may range from 0.01 wt% to 2 wt%, or from 0.01 wt% to 1 wt%, based on the total solids weight of the reactant mixture used to form the oil polyol.

[0051] The reactants of the reactant mixture used to form the oil polyol may be reacted simultaneously to form the oil polyol or may be reacted in stages.

[0052] The oil polyol contains at least two hydroxyl groups. For example, the oil polyol can contain at least two hydroxyl groups, or at least three hydroxyl groups, or at least four hydroxyl groups, or at least five hydroxyl groups, or at least ten hydroxyl groups, or at least fifteen hydroxyl groups, or at least twenty hydroxyl groups.

[0053] In addition to hydroxyl groups, the oil polyol may contain additional functional groups, non-limiting examples of which may be present in the oil polyol include ester linkages, ether linkages, ethylenically unsaturated groups, carboxyl groups, carbonyl groups, amino groups, thiols, and the like.

[0054] For example, the oil polyol may contain at least one ethylenically unsaturated group. As used herein, an "ethylenically unsaturated" group refers to a group comprising a carbon-carbon double bond. The at least one ethylenically unsaturated group may be pendant from the oil polyol. The oil polyol may contain at least one ethylenically unsaturated group, or at least two ethylenically unsaturated groups, or at least three ethylenically unsaturated groups, or at least five ethylenically unsaturated groups.

[0055] In one non-limiting embodiment, the oil polyol does not contain any additional functional groups in addition to the hydroxyl groups and ethylenically unsaturated group(s).

[0056] The oil polyol may have a hydroxyl value of at least 70 KOH / mg, or at least 80 KOH / mg, or at least 90 KOH / mg, or at least 100 KOH / mg. The oil polyol may have a hydroxyl value of up to 250 KOH / mg, or up to 200 KOH / mg, or up to 180 KOH / mg, or up to 150 KOH / mg. The oil polyol may have a hydroxyl value in the range of 70 KOH / mg to 250 KOH / mg, or 80 KOH / mg to 200 KOH / mg, or 90 KOH / mg to 180 KOH / mg, or 100 KOH / mg to 150 KOH / mg.

[0057] The mixture of reactants used to form the polyurethane polymer may include an oil polyol in an amount of at least 30 wt%, or at least 35 wt%, or at least 40 wt%, or at least 45 wt%, based on the total solids weight of the mixture of reactants used to form the polyurethane polymer. The mixture of reactants used to form the polyurethane polymer may include an oil polyol in an amount of up to 65 wt%, or up to 60 wt%, or up to 55 wt%, or up to 50 wt%, based on the total solids weight of the mixture of reactants used to form the polyurethane polymer. The mixture of reactants used to form the polyurethane polymer may include an oil polyol in an amount ranging from 30 wt% to 65 wt%, or from 35 wt% to 60 wt%, or from 40 wt% to 55 wt%, or from 45 wt% to 50 wt%, based on the total solids weight of the mixture of reactants used to form the polyurethane polymer.

[0058] The reactant mixture used to form the polyurethane polymer may include, in addition to the oil polyol, at least one polyol different from the oil polyol. The reactant mixture used to form the polyurethane polymer may include, in addition to the oil polyol, at least one polyol different from the oil polyol, or at least two polyols, or at least three polyols, or at least four polyols. For example, the reactant mixture used to form the polyurethane polymer may include a polyester polyol different from the oil polyol, a polyether polyol, an acid-functional polyol, or a combination thereof.

[0059] The reactant mixture used to form the polyurethane polymer may include a polyester polyol. As used herein, "polyester polyol" refers to any compound comprising two or more hydroxyl groups and at least one ester bond. Non-limiting examples of polyester polyols that may be used in the reactant mixture used to form the polyurethane polymer include compounds comprising at least two hydroxyl groups and at least one ester bond. The polyester polyol used to form the polyurethane polymer may be the reaction product of a reactant mixture comprising at least a polyol and a polyacid. As used herein, "polyacid" refers to any compound comprising two or more carboxylic acid groups.

[0060] For example, the reactant mixture used to form the polyester polyol may include a polyol. The polyol used to form the polyester polyol may include any polyol that can be used to form a polyester. Non-limiting examples of polyols that can be used to form the polyester polyol include dimethyl carbonate, caprolactone, cyclohexanedimethanol, bisphenol A, glycerin, trimethylolpropane, trimethylolethane, pentaerythritol, sorbitol, neopentyl glycol, 1,6-hexanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,3-butylene glycol, 1,3-propanediol, dipropylene glycol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, ethylene glycol, and combinations thereof.

[0061] The polyols used to form the polyester polyols may include at least one polyol. For example, the polyols used to form the polyester polyols may include two or more different polyols, or three or more different polyols, or four or more different polyols. The additional polyols may be any of the polyols that can be used to form polyester polyols, as discussed above.

[0062] The reactant mixture used to form the polyester polyol may comprise at least 50 wt%, or at least 55 wt%, or at least 60 wt%, or at least 65 wt%, of polyol, based on the total solids weight of the reactant mixture used to form the polyester polyol. The reactant mixture used to form the polyester polyol may comprise up to 80 wt%, or up to 78 wt%, or up to 75 wt%, of polyol, based on the total solids weight of the reactant mixture used to form the polyester polyol. The reactant mixture used to form the polyester polyol may comprise from 50 wt% to 80 wt%, or from 55 wt% to 80 wt%, or from 60 wt% to 78 wt%, or from 65 wt% to 75 wt%, of polyol, based on the total solids weight of the reactant mixture used to form the polyester polyol.

[0063] The reactant mixture used to form the polyester polyol may include at least one polyacid. The polyacid used to form the polyester polyol may include any polyacid that can be used to form a polyester. Non-limiting examples of polyacids that can be used to form the polyester polyol include oxalic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, isophthalic acid, phthalic acid, trimellitic acid, maleic anhydride, phthalic anhydride, trimellitic anhydride, and combinations thereof.

[0064] The reactant mixture used to form the polyester polyol may comprise a polyacid in an amount of at least 20 wt%, or at least 23 wt%, or at least 25 wt%, based on the total solids weight of the reactant mixture used to form the polyester polyol. The reactant mixture used to form the polyester polyol may comprise a polyacid in an amount of up to 50 wt%, or up to 45 wt%, or up to 40 wt%, or up to 35 wt%, based on the total solids weight of the reactant mixture used to form the polyester polyol. The reactant mixture used to form the polyester polyol may comprise a polyacid in an amount ranging from 20 wt% to 50 wt%, or from 20 wt% to 45 wt%, or from 23 wt% to 40 wt%, or from 25 wt% to 35 wt%, based on the total solids weight of the reactant mixture used to form the polyester polyol.

[0065] The polyester polyol may be aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, or aromatic. In a non-limiting embodiment, the polyester polyol is aliphatic. The polyester polyol may include a carbon chain. For example, the polyester polyol may include at least a C2 carbon chain, or at least a C5 carbon chain, or at least a C8 carbon chain, or at least a C 10 The polyester polyol may contain a carbon chain having a maximum of C 25 Carbon chain, or up to C 20 Carbon chain, or up to C 18 Carbon chain, or up to C 14 The polyester polyol may comprise a carbon chain of C2-C 25 Carbon chain, or C5-C 20 Carbon chain, or C8-C 18 Carbon chain, or C 10 -C 14 It may contain a carbon chain.

[0066] The polyester polyol contains at least one ester bond. For example, the polyester polyol may contain at least one ester bond, or at least two ester bonds, or at least three ester bonds, or at least four ester bonds, or at least five ester bonds.

[0067] The polyester polyol contains at least two hydroxyl groups. For example, the polyester polyol can contain at least two hydroxyl groups, or at least three hydroxyl groups, or at least four hydroxyl groups, or at least five hydroxyl groups, or at least 10 hydroxyl groups, or at least 15 hydroxyl groups, or at least 20 hydroxyl groups.

[0068] In addition to hydroxyl groups, polyester polyols may contain additional functional groups. Non-limiting examples of additional functional groups that may be present in polyester polyols include ether linkages, ethylenically unsaturated groups, carboxyl groups, carbonyl groups, amino groups, thiols, and the like.

[0069] In one non-limiting embodiment, the polyester polyol does not contain additional functional groups in addition to the hydroxyl groups and ester linkage(s).

[0070] The polyester polyol may have a hydroxyl value of at least 70 KOH / mg, or at least 80 KOH / mg, or at least 90 KOH / mg, or at least 100 KOH / mg. The polyester polyol may have a hydroxyl value of up to 250 KOH / mg, or up to 200 KOH / mg, or up to 180 KOH / mg, or up to 150 KOH / mg. The polyester polyol may have a hydroxyl value in the range of 70 KOH / mg to 250 KOH / mg, or in the range of 80 KOH / mg to 200 KOH / mg, or in the range of 90 KOH / mg to 180 KOH / mg, or in the range of 100 KOH / mg to 150 KOH / mg.

[0071] The mixture of reactants used to form the polyurethane polymer may include a polyester polyol in an amount greater than 0 wt%, at least 1 wt%, or at least 3 wt%, or at least 5 wt%, based on the total solids weight of the mixture of reactants used to form the polyurethane polymer. The mixture of reactants used to form the polyurethane polymer may include a polyester polyol in an amount of up to 20 wt%, or up to 15 wt%, or up to 12 wt%, or up to 10 wt%, based on the total solids weight of the mixture of reactants used to form the polyurethane polymer. The mixture of reactants used to form the polyurethane polymer may include a polyester polyol in an amount ranging from greater than 0 wt% to 20 wt%, or from 1 wt% to 15 wt%, or from 3 wt% to 12 wt%, or from 5 wt% to 10 wt%, based on the total solids weight of the mixture of reactants used to form the polyurethane polymer.

[0072] The reactant mixture used to form the polyurethane polymer may include a polyether polyol. As used herein, "polyether polyol" refers to any compound comprising two or more hydroxyl groups and at least one ether linkage. The polyester polyol may be aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, or aromatic. In a non-limiting embodiment, the polyester polyol is aliphatic. The polyether polyol that may be used in the reactant mixture used to form the polyurethane polymer includes a compound comprising at least two hydroxyl groups and at least one ether linkage. The polyether polyol may include an ethylene- or propylene-based polyether polyol. Non-limiting examples of polyether polyols include ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, tetrahydrofuran, neopentyl glycol, 1,6-hexanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,3-butylene glycol, 1,3-propanediol, dipropylene glycol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, ethylene glycol, and combinations thereof.

[0073] The polyether polyol contains at least one ether linkage. For example, the polyether polyol may contain at least two ether linkages, or at least three ether linkages, or at least four ether linkages, or at least five ether linkages.

[0074] The polyether polyol contains at least two hydroxyl groups. For example, the polyether polyol can contain at least two hydroxyl groups, or at least three hydroxyl groups, or at least four hydroxyl groups, or at least five hydroxyl groups, or at least 10 hydroxyl groups, or at least 15 hydroxyl groups, or at least 20 hydroxyl groups.

[0075] In addition to hydroxyl groups, polyether polyols may contain additional functional groups. Non-limiting examples of additional functional groups that may be present in polyether polyols include ether linkages, ethylenically unsaturated groups, carboxyl groups, carbonyl groups, amino groups, thiols, and the like.

[0076] In one non-limiting embodiment, the polyether polyol can contain no additional functional groups in addition to the hydroxyl groups and ether linkage(s).

[0077] The polyether polyol may have a hydroxyl value of at least 70 KOH / mg, or at least 80 KOH / mg, or at least 90 KOH / mg, or at least 100 KOH / mg. The polyether polyol may have a hydroxyl value of up to 250 KOH / mg, or up to 200 KOH / mg, or up to 180 KOH / mg, or up to 150 KOH / mg. The polyether polyol may have a hydroxyl value in the range of 70 KOH / mg to 250 KOH / mg, or in the range of 80 KOH / mg to 200 KOH / mg, or in the range of 90 KOH / mg to 180 KOH / mg, or in the range of 100 KOH / mg to 150 KOH / mg.

[0078] The mixture of reactants used to form the polyurethane polymer may include a polyether polyol in an amount of at least greater than 0 wt%, or at least 0.1 wt%, or at least 0.5 wt%, or at least 1 wt%, based on the total solids weight of the mixture of reactants used to form the polyurethane polymer. The mixture of reactants used to form the polyurethane polymer may include a polyether polyol in an amount of up to 15 wt%, or up to 10 wt%, or up to 8 wt%, or up to 5 wt%, based on the total solids weight of the mixture of reactants used to form the polyurethane polymer. The mixture of reactants used to form the polyurethane polymer may include a polyether polyol in an amount ranging from greater than 0 wt% to 15 wt%, or from 0.1 wt% to 10 wt%, or from 0.5 wt% to 8 wt%, or from 1 wt% to 5 wt%, based on the total solids weight of the mixture of reactants used to form the polyurethane polymer.

[0079] The reactant mixture used to form the polyurethane polymer may include an acid-functional polyol. As used herein, "acid-functional polyol" refers to any compound comprising two or more hydroxyl groups and at least one ether linkage. The acid-functional polyol may be aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, or aromatic. In one non-limiting embodiment, the acid-functional polyol is aliphatic. Acid-functional polyols that can be used in the reactant mixture used to form the polyurethane polymer include compounds containing at least two hydroxyl groups and at least one carboxyl group. Non-limiting examples of acid-functional polyols include 2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propionic acid, 2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)butanoic acid, 2,3-dihydroxypropanoic acid, 2,2-dihydroxypropanedioic acid, 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid, and combinations thereof.

[0080] The acid functional polyol comprises at least one carboxylic acid group. For example, the acid functional polyol may comprise at least one carboxylic acid group, or at least two carboxylic acid groups, or at least three carboxylic acid groups, or at least four carboxylic acid groups, or at least five carboxylic acid groups. In one non-limiting embodiment, the acid functional polyol comprises one carboxylic acid group.

[0081] The acid functional polyol contains at least two hydroxyl groups. For example, the acid functional polyol may contain at least two hydroxyl groups, or at least three hydroxyl groups, or at least four hydroxyl groups, or at least five hydroxyl groups, or at least 10 hydroxyl groups, or at least 15 hydroxyl groups, or at least 20 hydroxyl groups.

[0082] In addition to hydroxyl groups, the acid-functional polyol may contain additional functional groups. Non-limiting examples of additional functional groups that may be present in the acid-functional polyol include ether linkages, ethylenically unsaturated groups, carboxyl groups, carbonyl groups, amino groups, thiols, and the like.

[0083] In one non-limiting embodiment, the acid functional polyol can contain no additional functional groups in addition to the hydroxyl and carboxylic acid group(s).

[0084] The mixture of reactants used to form the polyurethane polymer may include an acid-functional polyol in an amount of at least greater than 0 wt%, or at least 1 wt%, or at least 3 wt%, or at least 5 wt%, based on the total solids weight of the mixture of reactants used to form the polyurethane polymer. The mixture of reactants used to form the polyurethane polymer may include an acid-functional polyol in an amount of up to 20 wt%, or up to 15 wt%, or up to 12 wt%, or up to 10 wt%, based on the total solids weight of the mixture of reactants used to form the polyurethane polymer. The mixture of reactants used to form the polyurethane polymer may include an acid-functional polyol in an amount ranging from greater than 0 wt% to 20 wt%, or from 1 wt% to 15 wt%, or from 3 wt% to 12 wt%, or from 5 wt% to 10 wt%, based on the total solids weight of the mixture of reactants used to form the polyurethane polymer.

[0085] The mixture of reactants used to form the polyurethane polymer may include a polyisocyanate. As used herein, "polyisocyanate" refers to a compound containing two or more isocyanate functional groups. The polyisocyanate may be aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, or aromatic. In one non-limiting example, the polyisocyanate may include an aliphatic polyisocyanate. In another non-limiting example, the polyisocyanate may include a cycloaliphatic polyisocyanate. In another non-limiting example, the polyisocyanate may include an aromatic polyisocyanate. Non-limiting examples of polyisocyanates include metaphenylene diisocyanate, paraphenylene diisocyanate, 2,6-toluene diisocyanate, 2,4-toluene diisocyanate, xylylene diisocyanate, 4,4-biphenylene diisocyanate, 4,4-methylene diphenyl isocyanate, 1,5-naphthylene diisocyanate, 1,4-tetramethylene diisocyanate, 11,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate, 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,6-diisocyanatohexane, 1,10-decamethylene diisocyanate, 1,4-cyclohexylene diisocyanate, 4,4-methylenebis(isocyanatocyclohexane), 1-isocyanato-3-isocyanatomethyl-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohexane, and combinations thereof.

[0086] The polyisocyanate may be blocked or unblocked. As used herein, "blocked polyisocyanate" refers to a compound having an isocyanate functional group blocked by a blocking agent that prevents the isocyanate functional group from reacting until the blocking agent is removed. Non-limiting examples of blocking agents include amides, phenols, caprolactams, urediones, and the like. When the polyisocyanate comprises a blocked polyisocyanate, the polyisocyanate can be unblocked by heating the blocked polyisocyanate to a temperature of at least 100°C, or at least 150°C, or at least 200°C.

[0087] The polyisocyanate comprises at least two isocyanate functional groups. For example, the polyisocyanate may comprise at least three isocyanate functional groups, or at least four isocyanate groups, or at least five isocyanate groups.

[0088] In addition to isocyanate functional groups, polyisocyanates may contain additional functional groups, non-limiting examples of which may be present in polyisocyanates include ether linkages, ethylenically unsaturated groups, carboxyl groups, carbonyl groups, amino groups, thiols, and the like.

[0089] In one non-limiting embodiment, polyisocyanates include those that contain no additional functional groups in addition to isocyanate functional groups.

[0090] The polyisocyanate can have an isocyanate equivalent weight of at least 80 g / eq, or at least 90 g / eq, or at least 100 g / eq, or at least 110 g / eq. The polyisocyanate may have an isocyanate equivalent weight of up to 225 g / eq, or up to 200 g / eq, or up to 190 g / eq, or up to 175 g / eq. The polyisocyanate may have an isocyanate equivalent weight in the range of 80 g / eq to 225 g / eq, or in the range of 90 g / eq to 200 g / eq, or in the range of 100 g / eq to 190 g / eq, or in the range of 110 g / eq to 175 g / eq.

[0091] The mixture of reactants used to form the polyurethane polymer may comprise a polyisocyanate in an amount of at least 15 wt%, or at least 20 wt%, or at least 25 wt%, or at least 30 wt%, based on the total solids weight of the mixture of reactants used to form the polyurethane polymer. The mixture of reactants used to form the polyurethane polymer may comprise a polyisocyanate in an amount of up to 55 wt%, or up to 50 wt%, or up to 45 wt%, or up to 40 wt%, based on the total solids weight of the mixture of reactants used to form the polyurethane polymer. The mixture of reactants used to form the polyurethane polymer may comprise a polyisocyanate in an amount ranging from 15 wt% to 55 wt%, or from 20 wt% to 50 wt%, or from 25 wt% to 45 wt%, or from 30 wt% to 40 wt%, based on the total solids weight of the mixture of reactants used to form the polyurethane polymer.

[0092] The reactants of the reactant mixture used to form the polyurethane polymer may be reacted simultaneously to form the polyurethane polymer, or may be reacted in stages.

[0093] The reactant mixture used to form the polyurethane polymer may include a specific ratio of polyester polyol to polyether polyol. The reactant mixture used to form the polyurethane polymer may include a polyester polyol to polyether polyol ratio ranging from 10:1 to 1:1, or from 8:1 to 2:1, or from 7:1 to 3:1, or from 6:1 to 4:1. For example, the reactant mixture used to form the polyurethane polymer may include a polyester polyol to polyether polyol ratio of about 5:1.

[0094] The reactant mixture used to form the polyurethane polymer may include a specific ratio of polyester polyol to acid-functional polyol. The reactant mixture used to form the polyurethane polymer may include a polyester polyol to acid-functional polyol ratio ranging from 2:1 to 1:2, or from 1.75:1 to 1:1.5, or from 1.5:1 to 1:1, or from 1.4:1 to 1:2:1. For example, the reactant mixture used to form the polyurethane polymer may have a polyester polyol to acid-functional polyol ratio of about 1:0.75.

[0095] The reactant mixture used to form the polyurethane polymer may include an oil polyol and a polyisocyanate in a specific ratio. The reactant mixture used to form the polyurethane polymer may include a ratio of oil polyol to polyisocyanate ranging from 2:1 to 1:1.25, or from 1.75:1 to 1:1, or from 1.5:1 to 1:1, or from 1.3:1 to 1:2. For example, the reactant mixture used to form the polyurethane polymer may include a ratio of oil polyol to polyisocyanate of about 1:0.8.

[0096] The polyurethane polymer contains at least one urethane bond. For example, the polyurethane polymer may contain at least one urethane bond, or at least two urethane bonds, or at least three urethane bonds, or at least five urethane bonds, or at least ten urethane bonds, or at least twenty urethane bonds.

[0097] In addition to urethane linkages, polyurethane polymers may contain additional linkages, for example, ester linkages, ether linkages, urea linkages, ethylenically unsaturated groups, and combinations thereof.

[0098] The polyurethane polymer may include at least one ester bond. For example, the polyurethane polymer may include at least one ester bond, or at least two ester bonds, or at least three ester bonds, or at least five ester bonds.

[0099] The polyurethane polymer may include at least one ether linkage. For example, the polyurethane polymer may include at least one ether linkage, or at least two ether linkages, or at least three ether linkages, or at least five ether linkages.

[0100] The polyurethane polymer may include at least one urea linkage. For example, the polyurethane polymer may include at least one urea linkage, or at least two urea linkages, or at least three urea linkages, or at least five urea linkages.

[0101] The polyurethane polymer may contain at least one ethylenically unsaturated group. For example, the polyurethane polymer may contain at least one ethylenically unsaturated group, or at least two ethylenically unsaturated groups, or at least three ethylenically unsaturated groups, or at least five ethylenically unsaturated groups. The ethylenically unsaturated group(s) may be provided in the backbone of the polyurethane polymer, pendant from the polyurethane polymer, and / or terminal from the polyurethane polymer. For example, the ethylenically unsaturated group(s) may be provided in the backbone of the polyurethane polymer so as to form ethylenically unsaturated linkage(s) within the backbone of the polyurethane polymer. The ethylenically unsaturated group(s) may also be provided in the pendant and / or terminal carbon chains of the polyurethane polymer, for example, so as to form ethylenically unsaturated bond(s) within the pendant and / or terminal carbon chains of the polyurethane polymer. The ethylenically unsaturated group(s) may also be pendant and / or terminal from the polyurethane polymer, such as to provide the ethylenically unsaturated group(s) at the end of a pendant carbon chain and / or at the end of a terminal carbon chain attached to the polyurethane polymer so that they can readily react with other components present.

[0102] The ethylenically unsaturated groups are pendant and / or terminal to the polyurethane polymer and have at least a C5 carbon chain, or at least a C8 carbon chain, or at least a C 10 The ethylenically unsaturated groups may be pendant from the polyurethane polymer and / or terminally from the polyurethane polymer, up to C 30 Carbon chain, or up to C 25 Carbon chain, or up to C 20 The ethylenically unsaturated groups may be pendant and / or terminal to the polyurethane polymer and may be C5-C 30 On the carbon chain, or C8-C 25 On the carbon chain, or C 10 -C 20 It may be provided on the carbon chain.

[0103] The ethylenically unsaturated group may impart specific properties to the polyurethane polymer where the ethylenically unsaturated group is located. For example, the ethylenically unsaturated group may be provided as a pendant group from the polyurethane backbone, and the pendant group containing the ethylenically unsaturated group is more hydrophobic than the polyurethane backbone due to the presence of the ethylenically unsaturated group. The ethylenically unsaturated group may be provided as a terminal group from the polyurethane backbone, and the terminal group containing the ethylenically unsaturated group is more hydrophobic than the polyurethane backbone due to the presence of the ethylenically unsaturated group. The ethylenically unsaturated group can react with air or oxygen in the air to cause oxidative curing.

[0104] The polyurethane polymer may contain at least one carboxylic acid group. For example, the polyurethane polymer may contain at least one carboxylic acid group, or at least two carboxylic acid groups, or at least three carboxylic acid groups, or at least five carboxylic acid groups. The carboxylic acid group(s) may be pendant from the polyurethane polymer so that they can readily react with other components present. The carboxylic acid group(s) may be terminal from the polyurethane polymer so that they can readily react with other components present.

[0105] The carboxylic acid groups may be provided on at least a C2 carbon chain, pendant from and / or terminally from the polyurethane polymer. 10 The carboxylic acid groups may be pendant and / or terminal from the polyurethane polymer and may be provided in a carbon chain of up to C8, or up to C5, or up to C3. 10 It may be provided on a carbon chain, or a C2-C8 carbon chain, or a C2-C5 carbon chain, or a C2-C3 carbon chain.

[0106] The carboxylic acid group may impart specific properties to the polyurethane polymer where the carboxylic acid group(s) are located. For example, the carboxylic acid group may be provided as a pendant group from the polyurethane backbone, where the pendant group containing the carboxylic acid group is more hydrophilic than the polyurethane backbone due to the presence of the carboxylic acid group. The carboxylic acid group may be provided as an end group from the polyurethane backbone, where the end group containing the carboxylic acid group is more hydrophilic than the polyurethane backbone due to the presence of the carboxylic acid group. The carboxylic acid group may impart stability to the polyurethane polymer in solution (i.e., in water) and may also provide reactive sites for crosslinkers that may be present in the composition.

[0107] The polyurethane polymer may have a weight average molecular weight of at least 5,000 g / mol, or at least 10,000 g / mol, or at least 15,000 g / mol, or at least 20,000 g / mol. The polyurethane polymer may have a weight average molecular weight of up to 60,000 g / mol, or up to 50,000 g / mol, or up to 45,000 g / mol, or up to 40,000 g / mol. The polyurethane polymer may have a weight average molecular weight in the range of 5,000 g / mol to 60,000 g / mol, or in the range of 10,000 g / mol to 50,000 g / mol, or in the range of 15,000 g / mol to 45,000 g / mol, or in the range of 20,000 g / mol to 40,000 g / mol. Weight average molecular weights herein were measured using gas permeation chromatography (GPC) on a Waters Alliance 2690 with dimethylformamide as solvent.

[0108] The polyurethane polymer may have a glass transition temperature of at least -30°C, or at least -20°C, or at least -10°C. The polyurethane polymer may have a glass transition temperature of up to 20°C, or up to 10°C, or up to 0°C. The polyurethane polymer may have a glass transition temperature in the range of -30°C to 20°C, or in the range of -20°C to 10°C, or in the range of -10°C to 0°C. Glass transition temperatures are measured using a differential scanning calorimeter according to ASTM D7426.

[0109] The polyurethane polymer may have a viscosity of at least 15 cps, or at least 20 cps, or at least 25 cps. The polyurethane polymer may have a viscosity of up to 225 cps, or up to 200 cps, or up to 175 cps. The polyurethane polymer may have a viscosity in the range of 15 cps to 225 cps, or in the range of 20 cps to 200 cps, or in the range of 25 cps to 175 cps. Unless otherwise specified, viscosity measurements were taken at 25°C using a Brookfield viscometer and an LV1 spindle.

[0110] The polyurethane polymer may have an acid number of at least greater than 0 KOH / mg, or at least 1 KOH / mg, or at least 3 KOH / mg, or at least 5 KOH / mg. The polyurethane polymer may have an acid number of up to 45 KOH / mg, or up to 40 KOH / mg, or up to 35 KOH / mg, or up to 30 KOH / mg. The polyurethane polymer may have an acid number in the range of greater than 0 KOH / mg to 45 KOH / mg, or in the range of 1 KOH / mg to 40 KOH / mg, or in the range of 3 KOH / mg to 35 KOH / mg, or in the range of 5 KOH / mg to 30 KOH / mg.

[0111] The polyurethane polymer may have a certain number of hydrocarbon chains in the backbone of the polyurethane polymer, depending on the monomers and amounts of monomers used. For example, the polyurethane polymer may have at least three, four, five, six, seven, or eight types of hydrocarbon chains in the backbone of the polyurethane polymer.

[0112] The longest hydrocarbon chain in the backbone of the polyurethane polymer may be a structural unit derived from the unsaturated oil and / or fatty acid used to form the oil polyol. For example, the longest hydrocarbon chain in the backbone of the polyurethane polymer may be C5 or more, or C8 or more, or C 10 Above or C 15 Above or C 20 The hydrocarbon chain may include any of the above.

[0113] The polyurethane polymer may be a copolymer. The polyurethane copolymer may have a particular structure. For example, the polyurethane copolymer may have an alternating structure, a block structure, or a random structure. In one non-limiting embodiment, the polyurethane polymer may include a random structure.

[0114] Polyurethane polymers may be formed by step-growth polymerization. As used herein, "step-growth polymerization" refers to a type of polymerization in which difunctional or polyfunctional monomers react to form dimers, then trimers, and then long-chain polymers. In one non-limiting embodiment, polyurethane polymers may be formed by condensation polymerization. As used herein, "condensation polymerization" is a form of step-growth polymerization in which reactive molecules produce small molecule by-products when linked together.

[0115] The polyurethane polymer may be used to form a polyurethane dispersion. The polyurethane dispersion may comprise at least 15 wt %, or at least 20 wt %, or at least 25 wt %, or at least 30 wt %, based on the total weight of the polyurethane dispersion. The polyurethane dispersion may comprise up to 50 wt %, or up to 45 wt %, or up to 40 wt %, or up to 35 wt %, based on the total weight of the polyurethane dispersion. The polyurethane dispersion may comprise the polyurethane polymer in an amount ranging from 15 wt % to 50 wt %, or from 25 wt % to 45 wt %, or from 30 wt % to 40 wt %, or from 30 wt % to 35 wt %, based on the total weight of the polyurethane dispersion.

[0116] The polyurethane dispersion may include a neutralizing amine that at least partially neutralizes the polyurethane polymer. Non-limiting examples of neutralizing amines include ammonium hydroxide, dimethylamine, trimethylamine, triethylamine, monoethanolamine, diisopropanolamine, diethanolamine, dimethylethanolamine, or combinations thereof.

[0117] The polyurethane dispersion may comprise neutralized amine in an amount greater than 0 wt%, or at least 0.1 wt%, or at least 0.5 wt%, or at least 1 wt%, based on the total weight of the polyurethane dispersion. The polyurethane dispersion may comprise neutralized amine in an amount of up to 10 wt%, or up to 8 wt%, or up to 5 wt%, or up to 2 wt%, based on the total weight of the polyurethane dispersion. The polyurethane dispersion may comprise neutralized amine in an amount ranging from greater than 0 wt% to 10 wt%, or from 0.1 wt% to 8 wt%, or from 0.5 wt% to 5 wt%, or from 1 wt% to 2 wt%, based on the total weight of the polyurethane dispersion.

[0118] The polyurethane dispersion may include a chain extender. For example, the polyurethane dispersion may include an amine-functional chain extender. The amine chain extender may be aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, or aromatic. In one non-limiting embodiment, the amine chain extender may be aliphatic. Non-limiting examples of amine-functional chain extenders include: 4,4-diaminodicyclohexylmethane, 4,4-diamino-3,3-dimethyldicyclohexylmethane, 1,4-bis((2-amino-2-yl))-cyclohexane, 3,3-dimethyl-4,4-diaminodicyclohexylmethane, 1,3-diaminohexane, 1,4-diaminohexane, diethylenetriamine, and dipropylenetriamine. Examples of suitable chain extenders include hydrazine, ethylenediamine, 1,2-diaminopropane, 1,3-diaminopropane, 1,6-diaminopropane, 1,3-diamino-2,2-dimethylpropane, isophoronediamine, triethylenetetramine, tripropylenetetramine, tetraethylenepentamine, and combinations thereof. Alternatively, the polyurethane dispersion may be free of chain extenders, such as amine chain extenders.

[0119] The amine chain extender may have an amine value of at least 1,000 KOH / mg, or at least 1,100 KOH / mg, or at least 1,200 KOH / mg, or at least 1,300 KOH / mg. The amine chain extender may have an amine value of up to 2,500 KOH / mg, or up to 2,300 KOH / mg, or up to 2,100 KOH / mg, or up to 1,900 KOH / mg. The amine chain extender may have an amine value in the range of 1,000 KOH / mg to 2,500 KOH / mg, or in the range of 1,100 KOH / mg to 2,300 KOH / mg, or in the range of 1,200 KOH / mg to 2,100 KOH / mg, or in the range of 1,300 KOH / mg to 1,900 KOH / mg.

[0120] The amine chain extender may comprise at least two amine groups. For example, the amine chain extender may comprise at least two amine groups, or at least three amine groups, or at least four amine groups, or at least five amine groups.

[0121] The amine chain extender may include up to 10 amine groups, may include up to 8 amine groups, or may include up to 6 amine groups. For example, the amine chain extender may include from 2 amine groups to 6 amine groups.

[0122] The polyurethane dispersion may comprise an amine-functional chain extender in an amount greater than at least 0 wt%, based on the total weight of the polyurethane dispersion. The polyurethane dispersion may comprise an amine-functional chain extender in an amount of up to 5 wt%, or up to 3 wt%, or up to 2 wt%, or up to 1 wt%, based on the total weight of the polyurethane dispersion. The polyurethane dispersion may comprise an amine-functional chain extender in an amount ranging from greater than 0 wt% to 5 wt%, from greater than 0 wt% to 3 wt%, from greater than 0 wt% to 2 wt%, or from greater than 0 wt% to 1 wt%, based on the total weight of the polyurethane dispersion.

[0123] The amine chain extender may be reacted in stages to chain extend the polyurethane polymer of the polyurethane dispersion.

[0124] The polyurethane dispersion may contain water. The polyurethane dispersion may contain water in an amount of at least 50 wt%, or at least 53 wt%, or at least 55 wt%, or at least 60 wt%, based on the total weight of the polyurethane dispersion. The polyurethane dispersion may contain water in an amount of up to 80 wt%, or up to 75 wt%, or up to 70 wt%, or up to 65 wt%, based on the total weight of the polyurethane dispersion. The polyurethane dispersion may contain water in an amount ranging from 50 wt% to 80 wt%, or from 53 wt% to 75 wt%, or from 55 wt% to 70 wt%, or from 60 wt% to 65 wt%, based on the total weight of the polyurethane dispersion.

[0125] The polyurethane polymer / polyurethane dispersion can be formed according to a specific method, for example, by first reacting simultaneously the components used to form the oil polyol, then reacting simultaneously the components used to form the polyurethane polymer, and finally chain extending the polyurethane polymer in a stepwise manner in an aqueous medium.

[0126] As previously described, the coating composition may include an epoxide. Examples of epoxides include epoxy-functional polymeric materials, also known as polyepoxides, that contain two or more epoxy functional groups. The epoxide may be an emulsion. The epoxide may contain one or more additional functional groups (e.g., carboxylic acid and / or hydroxyl functional groups) and react with itself as a self-crosslinking compound to form a reaction product. Alternatively, the epoxide may be reacted with a second compound, such as a carboxylic acid and / or hydroxyl functional compound, to form a reaction product. The epoxide layer may also contain epoxy functional groups if excess epoxy functional groups are present in the reactants. Alternatively, all of the epoxy functional groups may react to form the reaction product during the reaction, such that no epoxy functional groups are present in the epoxy layer.

[0127] The coating composition may further include additional components such as wax, organic oil (e.g., tung oil), polyolefin, poly(meth)acrylate, polyester, alkene, polyethylene, polypropylene, emulsions thereof, or combinations thereof. For example, the coating composition used to form the temporary protective layer 114 may further include polylactic acid (PLA), polyethylene carbonate (PEC), polypropylene carbonate (PPC), polycaprolactone, polyoxymethylene, polyethylene, polypropylene, or some combination thereof. The wax may include stearic acid, paraffin, carnauba, microcrystalline wax, polyethylene wax, or some combination thereof. Examples of wax emulsions include those available from Michelman, Inc. (Cincinnati, Ohio) (e.g., MGRD 1350, ML160, ME62330, Aqua240 PH90602L, ME48040M2) or BYK-Chemie GmbH (Wesel, Germany) (e.g., AQUACER 526, AQUACER 541, AQUACER 1031, AQUACER 8500). The wax emulsion may be a paraffin / polyethylene emulsion, anionic polyamide emulsion, anionic carnauba emulsion, amine-dispersed carnauba emulsion, ethylene acrylic acid emulsion, nonionic microcrystalline emulsion, or some combination thereof. In some non-limiting examples, the temporary protective layer 114 may comprise an alkane, an ester, or a carboxylic acid and have at least 40 wt.% carbon, such as at least 50 wt.%, at least 60 wt.%, at least 70 wt.%, at least 80 wt.%, or at least 90 wt.%, based on the total weight of the temporary protective layer.

[0128] The temporary protective layer 114 may comprise a material that, when included in a coating composition, applied to a substrate, and solidified to form the temporary protective layer 114, exhibits a water contact angle (WCA) (when in contact with water) of at least 60°, e.g., at least 70°, or at least 80°. The temporary protective layer 114 may comprise a hydrophobic material. A hydrophobic material is defined herein as a material that, when included in a composition, applied to a substrate, and solidified to form a layer, exhibits a WCA (when in contact with water) of at least 90°, e.g., at least 100°, at least 110°, at least 120°, at least 130°, at least 140°, or at least 150°.

[0129] The coating composition used to form the temporary protective layer 114 may be dispersed in an aqueous medium. As used herein, "aqueous medium" refers to a liquid medium containing greater than 50% water by weight, based on the total weight of the liquid medium. For example, the coating composition may be dispersed in a liquid medium containing greater than 50% water by weight, or at least 55% water by weight, or at least 60% water by weight, or at least 65% water by weight, or at least 70% water by weight, or at least 75% water by weight, based on the total liquid weight of the medium. The coating composition may be dispersed in a liquid medium containing water in an amount of 50% to 80% by weight, or in a range of 50% to 75% by weight, or in a range of 50% to 70% by weight, or in a range of 50% to 70% by weight, or in a range of 55% to 70% by weight, or in a range of 60% to 70% by weight, or in a range of 60% to 65% by weight, based on the total liquid weight of the medium. Thus, the liquid medium may contain less than 50% by weight of solvent, based on the total weight of the liquid medium. The coating composition may be dispersed in a liquid medium comprising a solvent in an amount of greater than 0 wt. % to 50 wt. %, in the range of 0.5 wt. % to 25 wt. %, in the range of 0.5 wt. % to 15 wt. %, in the range of 1 wt. % to 10 wt. %, or in the range of 1 wt. % to 5 wt. %, based on the total liquid weight of the medium.

[0130] The coating composition used to form the temporary protective layer 114 may be free of solvents such as volatile organic compounds ("VOCs").

[0131] Non-limiting examples of solvents that can be used in the coating composition include glycols, alcohols, glycol ether alcohols, volatile ketones, glycol diethers, esters, amines, diesters, aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons, pyrrolidones such as n-methylpyrrolidone, and combinations thereof.

[0132] The coating composition used to form the temporary protective layer 114 may include a one-component coating composition. As used herein, the term "one-component" or "1K" refers to a coating composition in which all of the coating components are combined and stored in a single container. Alternatively, the coating composition may include a two-component coating composition. As used herein, the term "two-component" or "2K" refers to a coating composition in which the components are stored separately and, when mixed together, react and crosslink to form a crosslinked material. For example, a polyurethane and / or an epoxide may be contained in a first container, and a crosslinker may be contained in a second container. The temporary protective layer 114 may be composed of a thermosetting resin system of any of the previously described materials for the temporary protective layer 114. As used herein, a "thermosetting resin system" is a network of at least one crosslinked material that forms a layer.

[0133] The coating composition may contain optional additional components, non-limiting examples of which include plasticizers, crosslinkers, viscosity modifiers, corrosion inhibitors, infrared (IR) absorbers, adhesion modifiers, UV absorbers, pigments, surfactants, and hydrophobizing agents.

[0134] Non-limiting examples of plasticizers suitable for use in the coating composition of the temporary protective layer 114 include oils such as cottonseed oil, epoxidized soybean oil, and canola oil; waxes such as carnauba wax, paraffin, and microcrystalline wax; polyethylene glycol; and polypropylene glycol. The plasticizer is included in the coating composition used to form the temporary protective layer 114 to aid in the removal of the temporary protective layer 114 via an abrasion wheel, particularly when the temporary protective layer 114 is a thermosetting resin-based layer. The plasticizer may be included in the coating composition used to form the temporary protective layer 114 in an amount ranging from 1 to 50 wt %, or from 4 to 40 wt %, or from 10 to 30 wt %, based on the total components of the coating composition used to form the temporary protective layer 114.

[0135] Examples of suitable viscosity modifiers include RHEOBYK-425, RHEOBYK-T 1000VF, RHEOBYK-L 1400VF, and RHEOBYK-H 3300VF commercially available from BYK, and H1335 and HY124 commercially available from Spectrum. The viscosity modifier may be included in the coating composition used to form the temporary protective layer 114 in an amount ranging from 0.05 to 20 wt %, or 0.1 to 15 wt %, or 0.1 to 10 wt %, based on the total components of the coating composition used to form the temporary protective layer 114.

[0136] Examples of suitable hydrophobizing agents include waxes, oils, and fatty acids. The hydrophobizing agent may be included in the temporary protective layer 114 in an amount ranging from 0.5 to 70 wt %, or from 1 to 65 wt %, or from 1 to 60 wt %, based on the total components of the coating composition used to form the temporary protective layer 114.

[0137] Examples of crosslinkers suitable for use in the coating composition of the temporary protective layer 114 composition include polyaziridines, polycarbodiimides, epoxy silanes, melamines, polyisocyanates, and combinations thereof. As used herein, "crosslinker" refers to a compound that contains two or more functional groups that are reactive with other functional groups and are capable of linking two or more compounds together through a covalent bond.

[0138] The cross-linking agent may include polyaziridine. Polyaziridine may be any compound containing two or more aziridine groups. One non-limiting example of a polyaziridine that may be used as a cross-linking agent in the temporary protective layer 114 is trimethylolpropane tris(2-methyl-1-aziridinepropionate).

[0139] The cross-linking agent may comprise a polycarbodiimide, which may be any compound including:

[0140] The crosslinking agent may be included in the coating composition of the temporary protective layer 114 in an amount ranging from 0.05 to 30 wt %, or from 0.1 to 20 wt %, or from 0.1 to 10 wt %, based on the total components of the coating composition used to form the temporary protective layer 114. The crosslinking agent is included in the temporary protective layer 114 composition to crosslink the composition, such as to create a thermoset resin system. For example, the coating composition may include a crosslinking agent that reacts with the functionality of the polyurethane polymer and may include 1 wt % to 5 wt %, or 1 wt % to 3 wt %, or 1 wt % to 2 wt %, based on the total weight of the wet polyurethane polymer. The stoichiometric ratio of reactive groups on the polyurethane polymer to reactive groups on the crosslinker may be in the range of 1:1 to 1:0.05, or 1:0.8 to 1:0.1, or 1:0.6 to 1:0.2, or 1:0.5 to 1:0.3.

[0141] The coating composition used to form the temporary protective layer 114 may include inorganic compounds such as talc, silica, metal catalysts, inorganic pigments, etc. Alternatively, one or more of the coating layers (e.g., one or all of the coating layers) may be free of any of the additional components described above, such as being free of inorganic compounds such as talc, silica, metal catalysts, inorganic pigments, etc.

[0142] The coating composition used to form the temporary protective layer 114 may be a dual-cure coating composition. As used herein, a "dual-cure" coating composition refers to a coating composition that can activate polymerization using both light and chemical initiation. When the coating composition used to form the temporary protective layer 114 includes a dual-cure coating composition, the dual-cure coating composition may include one or more improved properties over a single light- or chemical-cure coating composition. For example, a dual-cure coating composition may provide higher crosslink density, improved chemical and water resistance, increased hardness, reduced elongation, and increased tensile strength compared to a single light- or chemical-cure coating composition. In one non-limiting embodiment, the coating composition may include at least two crosslinkers, or at least three crosslinkers, or at least four crosslinkers. The at least two crosslinkers, or at least three crosslinkers, or at least four crosslinkers may be any of the crosslinkers previously described as suitable for use in the coating composition. The at least two crosslinkers, or at least three crosslinkers, or at least four crosslinkers may initiate polymerization and / or crosslinking by different mechanisms, such as photo- and chemical initiation. Alternatively, the coating composition may include at least one crosslinker, and the polyurethane polymer may be self-crosslinking. For example, the coating composition may include at least one crosslinker, and the polyurethane polymer may be self-crosslinked by oxidative curing.

[0143] The polyurethane polymer and / or polyurethane dispersion may be combustible. Thus, when the polyurethane polymer and / or polyurethane dispersion is used in a coating composition, when the coating composition is cured to form a coating layer, the coating layer can be considered a combustible coating layer. The polyurethane polymer and / or polyurethane dispersion, and any additional components discussed herein for use in the coating composition used to form the temporary protective layer, may also be used in the coating composition to form the first and / or second temporary protective sheets 116, 118, the temporary protective layer 214, and the first and / or second temporary protective sheets 216, 218. It can also be used in a coating composition to form temporary protective layer 314, first and / or second temporary protective sheets 316, 318, first and / or second temporary protective sheets 1016, 1018, temporary protective layer 514, first and / or second temporary protective sheets 516, 518, temporary protective layer 1114, combustible sheet 1128, burn-off temporary protective layer 426 and / or burn-off temporary protective layer 626. In this manner, the temporary protective layer 114, the first and / or second temporary protective sheets 116, 118, the temporary protective layer 214, the first and / or second temporary protective sheets 216, 218, the temporary protective layer 314, the first and / or second temporary protective sheets 316, 318, the first and / or second temporary protective sheets 1016, 1018, the temporary protective layer 514, the first and / or second temporary protective sheets 516, 518, the temporary protective layer 1114, the combustible sheet 1128, the burn-off temporary protective layer 426, and / or the burn-off temporary protective layer 626 may be removable by burning, vaporization, removal with a solvent, or peeling.For example, the temporary protective layer 114, the first and / or second temporary protective sheets 116, 118, the temporary protective layer 214, the first and / or second temporary protective sheets 216, 218, the temporary protective layer 314, the first and / or second temporary protective sheets 316, 318, the first and / or second temporary protective sheets 1016, 1018, the temporary protective layer 514, the first and / or second temporary protective sheets 516, 518, the temporary protective layer 1114, the combustible sheet 1128, the combustible temporary protective layer 426, and / or the combustible temporary protective layer 626 may be removable by a heat treatment process that does not substantially damage the surface.

[0144] The temporary protective layer 114 may comprise a material having a melting point of at least 60°C, e.g., at least 70°C or at least 80°C. The temporary protective layer 114 may comprise a material having a melting point of up to 700°C, or up to 650°C, or up to 600°C. The temporary protective layer may have a melting point of 60°C to 700°C, or 60°C to 650°C, or 60°C to 600°C, or 70°C to 700°C, or 70°C to 650°C, or 70°C to 600°C, or 80°C to 700°C, or 80°C to 650°C, or 80°C to 600°C. The temporary protective layer 114 may comprise a material that, when solidified, is impermeable to water and other standard machining fluids, such as coolants, cutting oils, etc. The temporary protective layer 114 may provide increased corrosion protection to the substrate 112 compared to the same substrate without the temporary protective layer 114 disposed thereon.

[0145] The materials applied to form the temporary protective layer 114 may be thermoplastic or thermosetting. As used herein, a "thermoplastic" refers to a material that softens when heated and has a defined melting point. The materials applied to form the temporary protective layer 114 may be thermosetting, any of the previously described materials for the temporary protective layer 114. As used herein, a "thermosetting" refers to any cross-linked material that does not have a defined melting point, but instead burns or decomposes when heated. The materials applied to form the temporary protective layer 114 may have a low degree of cross-linking, such that the material has a defined melting point. The materials applied to form the temporary protective layer 114 may have a high degree of cross-linking, such that the material does not have a defined melting temperature. A high degree of cross-linking may be achieved, for example, via a solvent-based formulation or by the addition of a cross-linking agent to an aqueous formulation.

[0146] In some non-limiting examples, the material applied to form the temporary protective layer 114 may include an emulsion containing a hydrophobic material, water, and a surfactant, where the surfactant may be a non-ionic surfactant or an ionic surfactant (e.g., a cationic or anionic surfactant). The material applied to form the temporary protective layer 114 may include a material in which the hydrophobic material is dissolved in a solvent. Alternatively, the material applied to form the temporary protective layer 114 may not require dissolution in a solvent. The material applied to form the temporary protective layer may include an ultraviolet ("UV") curable material or a thermosetting material. As used herein, a "UV curable" material is a material that, when applied to the surface of a substrate and exposed to a UV source, results in crosslinking of the applied material on the substrate. As used herein, a "thermosetting" material is a material that, when applied to the surface of a substrate and exposed to a heat source, results in crosslinking of the applied material on the substrate.

[0147] In some non-limiting examples, the material is heated to a temperature at least equal to the Tg of the material, and the material is applied at a temperature at least equal to the Tg of the material. In other non-limiting examples, the material is applied below the Tg of the material and then heated to a temperature suitable for softening the material, such as above the Tg of the material. The material may also require a curing step at a temperature for a period of time. For example, the material may be cured at room temperature (i.e., in the range of 20-27°C, e.g., 25°C) for a period of up to 72 hours, or up to 48 hours, or up to 36 hours, or up to 24 hours. The material may also be cured at an elevated temperature, such as in the range of 90-180°C, or 100-170°C, or 110-150°C, or 120-130°C (e.g., 121°C), for a period of up to 2 hours, e.g., 1 hour, or for 30 minutes, e.g., 15 minutes.

[0148] The temporary protective layer 114 may be a layer that is removable from the surface of the substrate 112 even after the composition of the temporary protective layer 114 has been applied to the substrate 112 and solidified to form the temporary protective layer 114. The temporary protective layer 114 may be removed without substantially damaging the substrate 112 or rendering it unsuitable for its intended use (defined below). The temporary protective layer 114 may be removed from the substrate 112 by any sufficient means, such as baking, evaporating, removing with a solvent, or peeling the temporary protective layer 114 from the substrate 112.

[0149] The temporary protective layer 114 may have a thickness of about 10 nm to 5000 μm, e.g., about 10 nm to 1000 μm, 10 nm to 500 μm, 0.5 μm to 100 μm, 0.5 μm to 10 μm, 10 μm to 30 μm, or 50 μm to 100 μm. The thickness is preferably sufficient to form a continuous layer. The temporary protective layer 114 may also be thick enough to provide corrosion protection to the substrate 112. The temporary protective layer 114 may be thin enough so that no substantial amount of residue remains on the substrate 112 upon combustion, evaporation, or other thermal decomposition of the temporary protective layer 114. Thus, the temporary protective layer 114 may be combustible.

[0150] Continuing to refer to FIG. 1 , the protective substrate 100 may further include multiple temporary protective sheets, including a first temporary protective sheet 116 and a second temporary protective sheet 118. The first temporary protective sheet 116 and the second temporary protective sheet 118 may be made of a plastic material such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polyester, polyethylene terephthalate, nylon, polyvinyl chloride, vinyl, polylactic acid, polyoxymethylene, or some combination thereof. The first temporary protective sheet 116 and / or the second temporary protective sheet 118 may include a thermosetting resin system of any of the materials previously described for the temporary protective sheet 116. In some non-limiting examples, the second temporary protective sheet 118 may include a plastic film and a pressure-sensitive adhesive applied to the plastic film. Examples of commercially available protective sheets include CGP-470, CGP-551, CGP-572, and / or CGP-591 protective films available from Nitto Belgium NV (Genk, Belgium). The temporary protective sheets 116, 118 may include an adhesive layer that allows the temporary protective sheets 116, 118 to adhere to the layer disposed thereon. The adhesive layer may include a hydrophobic material that exhibits a water contact angle of at least 90°. In other examples, the temporary protective sheets 116, 118 do not include an adhesive layer and are positioned on the layer disposed thereon without being attached thereto with an adhesive.

[0151] The first and second temporary protective sheets 116, 118 may be positioned on the surface of the substrate 112. The first and / or second temporary protective sheets 116, 118 may be positioned on at least a portion of the temporary protective layer 114. The first and second temporary protective sheets 116, 118 may be separately formed plastic sheets positioned on the substrate 112. The temporary protective sheets 116, 118 may be positioned on the temporary protective layer 114 after the temporary protective layer 114 has cooled to ambient temperature (after solidifying to form the temporary protective layer 114).

[0152] To form the protective substrate 100, first and / or second temporary protective sheets 116, 118 may be positioned on the temporary protective layer 114 before shipping the protective substrate 100. Once the protective substrate 100 reaches its destination, the first and / or second temporary protective sheets 116, 118 may be removed from the protective substrate 100 such that removal of the temporary protective sheets 116, 118 (e.g., peeling or otherwise removing the sheets from the substrate) does not strip a majority of the temporary protective layer 114 (more than 50% by weight of the temporary protective layer 114) from the surface of the substrate 112. Removal of the first and / or second temporary protective sheets 116, 118 may leave substantially all of the temporary protective layer 114 (90% by weight or more, or 95% by weight or more of the temporary protective layer 114) on the surface of the substrate 112. Thus, removal of the temporary protective sheets 116, 118 can leave the temporary protective layer 114 substantially intact on the surface of the substrate 112.

[0153] The first and second temporary protective sheets 116, 118 may be arranged on the substrate 112 in any number of configurations to form the protective substrate 100, and FIGS. 1-11 show various non-limiting embodiments of protective substrates 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800, 900, 1000, and 1100, each of which is described in more detail below. It will be understood that elements in FIGS. 1-11 having the same last two digits in their element numbers correspond to elements from other figures herein and include the same characteristics of the corresponding elements. For example, elements 112, 212, 312, 412, 512, etc. all refer to the previously described substrates, as their element numbers all have the same last two digits (12).

[0154] Referring to FIG. 1 , the temporary protective layer 114 is positioned on at least a portion of the surface of the substrate 112. First and second temporary protective sheets 116, 118 are positioned on at least a portion of the surface of the substrate 112 and at least a portion of the temporary protective layer 114. The first and second temporary protective sheets 116, 118 overlap each other to form an overlap. The first and / or second temporary protective sheets 116, 118 may be formed from a coating composition including any of the polymers and / or additives disclosed for use in the coating compositions used to form the temporary protective layer 114. For example, the first and / or second temporary protective sheets 116, 118 may be formed from a coating composition including any of the materials and / or additives discussed herein that can be used in the coating compositions used to form the temporary protective layer 114; for example, a polyurethane polymer and / or a polyurethane dispersion. 1, the temporary protective layer 114 is applied over the entire surface of the substrate 112, but in other non-limiting examples, the temporary protective layer 114 may be selectively applied over less than the entire surface of the substrate 112 (e.g., only over a portion at the overlapping portion of the temporary protective sheets 116, 118) (see, for example, FIG. 7). Beneath the overlapping portion formed by the first and second temporary protective sheets 116, 118, a gap 120 may be defined between the second temporary protective sheet 118 and a portion of the surface of the substrate 112. This gap 120 may be an empty space and may be free of material from the temporary protective layer 114, the first temporary protective sheet 116, and / or the second temporary protective sheet 118. In this manner, the first and second temporary protective sheets 116, 118 are applied over the temporary protective layer 114 such that the gap 120 formed does not contain material from the temporary protective layer 114, and the temporary protective layer 114, the first temporary protective sheet 116, and / or the second temporary protective sheet 118 do not fill the gap 120 between the first and second temporary protective sheets 116, 118. A portion of the temporary protective layer 114 is disposed between the second temporary protective sheet 118 and a portion of the surface of the substrate 112.

[0155] 10, the protective substrate 1000 may be the same as the protective substrates 100 and 700 shown in FIGS. 1 and 7, respectively, except for the following: The protective substrate 1000 may further include a tape 1022. The tape 1022 may hold the first temporary protective sheet 1016 and the second temporary protective sheet 1018 together.

[0156] Referring to FIG. 2 , protective substrate 200 includes substrate 212 having temporary protective layer 214 applied over at least a first portion of substrate 212. In the example shown in FIG. 2 , temporary protective layer 214 is applied over the entire surface of substrate 212; however, in other non-limiting examples, temporary protective layer 214 may be selectively applied over less than the entire surface of substrate 212 (e.g., adjacent to gap 220 formed between first and second temporary protective sheets 216, 218) (see, e.g., FIG. 8 ). Temporary protective layer 214 may be formed from a coating composition including any of the polymers and / or additives disclosed for use in coating compositions used to form temporary protective layer 114. For example, temporary protective layer 214 may be formed from a coating composition including any of the materials and / or additives discussed herein that may be used in the coating composition used to form temporary protective layer 114; for example, polyurethane polymers and / or polyurethane dispersions. A first temporary protective sheet 216 may be disposed over at least a second portion of the substrate 212 and a first portion of the temporary protective layer 214. A second temporary protective sheet 218 may be disposed over at least a third portion of the substrate 212 and a second portion of the temporary protective layer 214, and may be spaced apart from the first temporary protective sheet 216 so that the first and second temporary protective sheets 216, 218 are not in direct contact. A fourth portion of the surface of the substrate 212 is not covered by either of the temporary protective sheets 216, 218. The first and / or second temporary protective sheets 216, 218 may be formed from a coating composition including any of the polymers and / or additives disclosed for use in the coating compositions used to form the temporary protective layer 114. For example, the first and / or second temporary protective sheets 216, 218 may be formed from a coating composition including any of the materials and / or additives discussed herein that may be used as the coating composition used to form the temporary protective layer 114, including, for example, polyurethane polymers and / or polyurethane dispersions.A temporary protective layer 214 is disposed on this fourth portion (and may also be applied on the first and / or second portions of the substrate 212). A gap 220 may be formed between the first and second temporary protective sheets 216, 218 directly above the temporary protective layer 214 on the fourth portion.

[0157] 2, the protective substrate 200 may include a planar substrate 212 and a first portion onto which a temporary protective layer 214 is applied. The substrate 212 may include a second portion onto which a first temporary protective sheet 216 is disposed. The substrate may include a third portion onto which a second temporary protective sheet 218 is applied. The first portion is not covered by the temporary protective sheets 216, 218. The temporary protective layer 214 is disposed between the substrate 212 and the first and / or second temporary protective sheets 216, 218, directly below the first and / or second temporary protective sheets 216, 218. The temporary protective sheets 216, 218 may or may not overlap each other.

[0158] Referring to the protective substrate 300 of FIG. 3 , the substrate 312, the temporary protective layer 314, and the first and second temporary protective sheets 316, 318 may be arranged as described in connection with FIG. 2 . The first and / or second temporary protective sheets 316, 318 may be formed from a coating composition including any of the polymers and / or additives disclosed for use in the coating composition used to form the temporary protective layer 114. For example, the first and / or second temporary protective sheets 316, 318 may be formed from a coating composition including any of the materials and / or additives discussed herein that may be used in the coating composition used to form the temporary protective layer 114; for example, a polyurethane polymer and / or a polyurethane dispersion. The protective substrate 300 may further include a tape 322 disposed on a third portion of the surface of the substrate 312, a portion of the temporary protective layer 314, a portion of the first temporary protective sheet 316, and / or a portion of the second temporary protective sheet 318. The tape 322 may hold the first and second temporary protective sheets 316 and 318 together. A gap 320 may be defined between the portion of the tape 322 overlying the temporary protective layer 314 and the temporary protective layer 314, and between the temporary protective sheets 316, 318. The tape 322 of FIG. 3 may also be used to hold the first and second protective sheets 116 and 118 together in the protective substrate 100 of FIG. 1. In the example shown in FIG. 3, the temporary protective layer 314 is applied over the entire surface of the substrate 312; however, in other non-limiting examples, the temporary protective layer 314 may be selectively applied over less than the entire surface of the substrate 312 (e.g., only over the portion under the tape 322) (see, e.g., FIG. 9). The temporary protective layer 314 may be formed from a coating composition including any of the polymers and / or additives disclosed for use in the temporary protective layer 114. For example, the temporary protective layer 314 may be formed from a coating composition including any of the materials and / or additives discussed herein that may be used in the temporary protective layer 114; for example, a polyurethane polymer and / or a polyurethane dispersion.

[0159] Referring to FIG. 5 , the protective substrate 500 may further include a coating layer 524 disposed between the surface of the substrate 512 and the temporary protective layer 514. The temporary protective layer 514 may be formed from a coating composition including any of the polymers and / or additives disclosed for use in the temporary protective layer 114. For example, the temporary protective layer 514 may be formed from a coating composition including any of the materials and / or additives discussed herein that may be used in the temporary protective layer 114; for example, a polyurethane polymer and / or polyurethane dispersion. Multiple coating layers may be disposed on the substrate 512 and below the temporary protective layer 514 such that the temporary protective layer 514 protects the multi-layer coating. The coating layer 524 may include, for example, a low-E coating layer (or other functional coating layer, as described above). The coating layer 524 may be suitable for tempering after application to the substrate 512. The coating layer 524 may include a metal or metal oxide. The coating layer 524 may include a polymer. The coating layer 524 may include any temperable coating layer, such as those disclosed in British Patent No. GB ​​2,302,102, U.S. Pat. No. 4,504,109, U.S. Pat. No. 4,952,423, U.S. Pat. No. 5,028,759, U.S. Pat. No. 5,059,295, U.S. Pat. No. 5,653,903, U.S. Pat. No. 7,749,621, U.S. Pat. No. 8,865,325, and U.S. Published Patent Application No. 2014 / 0272453. The coating layer 524 may include coatings available under the tradenames Solarban® or Sungate®, commercially available from Vitro Architectural Glass (Cheswick, PA). First and second temporary protective sheets 516, 518 may be disposed over the temporary protective layer 514, forming a gap 520, as previously described. It will be appreciated that any of the previously described embodiments of the protective substrate may include a coating layer (e.g., a functional coating layer) disposed between the substrate and the temporary protective layer.

[0160] The present invention is also directed to a method of protecting the aforementioned substrate by forming the aforementioned protective substrate.

[0161] In one non-limiting embodiment, a method of protecting a substrate can include providing a substrate including a surface, applying a material that forms a temporary protective layer on at least a first portion of the surface, and adhering and / or positioning a first temporary protective sheet on a second portion of the surface, where a portion of the first temporary protective sheet overlaps the first portion of the temporary protective layer, and adhering and / or positioning a second temporary protective sheet on the second portion of the temporary protective layer and on a third portion of the surface. An overlap can be formed between the first temporary protective sheet and the second temporary protective sheet, and a gap can be defined by the overlap between the second temporary protective sheet and the surface.

[0162] In one non-limiting embodiment, a method for protecting a substrate can include providing a planar substrate including a surface, applying a material that forms a temporary protective layer on at least a first portion of the surface, adhering and / or positioning a first temporary protective sheet on a second portion of the surface, and adhering and / or positioning a second temporary protective sheet on a third portion of the surface, where a space is formed between the first and second temporary protective sheets. The space can be on the first portion of the surface, and the temporary protective layer can be positioned directly below the first and / or second protective sheets and between the substrate and the first and / or second temporary protective sheets.

[0163] The material applied to form the temporary protective layer can be applied to the surface of the substrate by any suitable method, such as spray coating, curtain coating, powder coating, brush coating, roll coating, inkjet printing, or a combination thereof. The temporary protective layer formed using any of these methods may include a polyurethane layer, an epoxide layer, or a combination thereof, which forms the temporary protective layer upon solidification. Examples of polyurethanes for the polyurethane layer include water-based polyurethanes, polyurethanes formed from two-component systems, emulsions thereof, and combinations thereof. Examples of epoxides for the epoxide layer include epoxy-functional polymeric materials.

[0164] The method may include heating the material to be applied to form the temporary protective layer to a temperature sufficient to form a molten liquid prior to application of the material to the substrate. In some examples, the material may be applied to the surface of the substrate at a temperature above the melting point of the material. In some examples, the molten liquid may be applied to the surface of the substrate by bubbling a gas through the molten liquid so that the material forms a temporary protective layer on the substrate (evaporation method). The gas bubbled through the molten liquid to evaporate the material and form the temporary protective layer may include an inert gas, such as nitrogen or helium. The inert gas can reduce the possibility of chemical reactions with the material used to form the temporary protective layer. The material may further require a step of curing at a temperature for a period of time. For example, the material may be cured at room temperature (i.e., in the range of 20-27°C, e.g., 25°C) for a period of up to 72 hours, or up to 48 hours, or up to 36 hours, or up to 24 hours. The material may also be cured at elevated temperatures, such as in the range of 90-180°C, or 100-170°C, or 110-150°C, or 120-130°C (such as 121°C), for a period of up to 2 hours, such as 1 hour, for example 30 minutes, for example 15 minutes.

[0165] A method for removing a temporary protective layer from a coated substrate may include providing a protective substrate having a planar substrate having a surface; a temporary protective layer disposed on at least a portion of the surface; a first temporary protective sheet disposed on at least a first portion of the surface; and a second temporary protective sheet disposed on at least a second portion of the surface, the second temporary protective sheet overlapping the first temporary protective sheet at an overlapping portion, a gap defined by the overlap between the second temporary protective sheet and the portion of the surface, and a portion of the temporary protective layer disposed between the second temporary protective sheet and the portion of the surface. The method may include removing the first temporary protective sheet and / or the temporary protective sheet by peeling. The method may include removing the temporary protective layer from the surface by burning, vaporizing, stripping with a solvent, or peeling the temporary protective layer to form an unprotected substrate. The protective substrate may be heated to a temperature of up to 1000°C to remove the temporary protective layer from the surface.

[0166] 11 , a protective substrate 1100 may include a substrate 1112, a temporary protective layer 1114 disposed on at least a portion of the surface of the substrate 1112, and a combustible sheet 1128 disposed on at least a portion of the temporary protective layer 1114 and optionally in direct contact with the temporary protective layer 1114. The temporary protective layer 1114 and / or the combustible sheet 1128 may be formed from a coating composition including any of the polymers and / or additives disclosed for use in the coating compositions used to form the temporary protective layer 114. For example, the temporary protective layer 1114 and / or the combustible sheet 1128 may be formed from a coating composition including any of the materials and / or additives discussed herein that may be used in the coating compositions used to form the temporary protective layer 114, including, for example, polyurethane polymers and / or polyurethane dispersions. The combustible sheet 1128 may include polyethylene, polypropylene, polyacrylate, polymethyl methacrylate, polylactic acid, polycaprolactone, polyoxymethylene, or a combination thereof. The combustible sheet 1128 may optionally include an adhesive. The combustible sheet 1128 may be made of a material that transmits at least a portion of UV light to cure the temporary protective layer 1114 disposed thereunder. A UV source may be used to irradiate the protective substrate 1100 with UV light, which may cure the temporary protective layer 1114, which may also function as an adhesive to bond the combustible sheet 1128 to the substrate 1112. The temporary protective layer 1114 and / or the combustible sheet 1128 may include any of the polymers and / or additives disclosed for use in the temporary protective layer 114. For example, the temporary protective layer 1114 and / or the combustible sheet 1128 may include any of the materials and / or additives discussed herein that may be used in the temporary protective layer 114; for example, a coating composition including any of the materials and / or additives discussed herein that may be used in the temporary protective layer 114; for example, a polyurethane polymer and / or a polyurethane dispersion. Both the temporary protective layer 1114 and the combustible sheet 1128 may burn off during the tempering process. The temporary protective layer 1114 may have a thickness as previously described.The combustible sheet 1128 may have a thickness of 0.1 to 10 mils, for example, 0.5 to 5 mils or 0.5 to 2 mils. The combustible sheet 1128 may be the outermost sheet on the substrate 1112. The temporary protective layer 1114 and the combustible sheet 1128 may be made of a combustible material. The protective substrate 1100 may include a coating layer 1124, as previously described.

[0167] As used in this disclosure, the term "combustible" refers to a material that will combust, vaporize, or otherwise pyrolyze from the substrate without interacting with the substrate or substantially damaging (as defined below) the aesthetics or performance of the substrate (including any coatings thereon). A combustible material will combust, vaporize, or otherwise pyrolyze when the substrate temperature is at least 500°C to 1000°C. It is expected that a combustible material will combust, vaporize, or otherwise pyrolyze before the substrate reaches a temperature of 1000°C, e.g., 900°C, 800°C, 700°C, 650°C, or 600°C. The heat treatment process may be carried out in a furnace having a temperature of up to 1200°C, e.g., up to 1100°C, up to 1000°C, up to 900°C, up to 800°C, up to 700°C, or up to 650°C. The furnace may operate at a temperature of 700°C, such that the substrate reaches a temperature of 640°C due to the burn-off temporary protective layer (described below) being removed during the heat treatment process. In some non-limiting embodiments, the burnable material can be removed during a standard heat treatment process, such as tempering, heat strengthening, or bending, or during a heat treatment specifically performed to remove the burnable material without adversely affecting the substrate, as previously described. In some non-limiting examples, the combustible material may be removed during a standard tempering procedure, where the tempering furnace operates in the range of 500°C to 1000°C, such as 600°C to 800°C, or such as 650°C to 750°C.

[0168] With reference to FIG. 4 , a protective substrate 400 may include a substrate 412 and a burn-off temporary protective layer 426 disposed on at least a portion of a surface of the substrate 412. The burn-off temporary protective layer 426 may be formed from a coating composition including any of the polymers and / or additives disclosed for use in the temporary protective layer 114. For example, the burn-off temporary protective layer 426 may be formed from any of the coating compositions discussed herein that can be used in the temporary protective layer 114, including any of the materials and / or additives discussed herein; for example, polyurethane polymers and / or polyurethane dispersions. With reference to FIG. 6 , a protective substrate 600 may include a substrate 612 and a burn-off temporary protective layer 626 disposed on at least a portion of a surface of the substrate 612 (as in FIG. 4 ), and may further include a coating layer 624 between the substrate 612 and the burn-off temporary protective layer 626. The burn-off temporary protective layer 626 may be formed from a coating composition including any of the polymers and / or additives disclosed for use in the temporary protective layer 114. For example, burn-off temporary protective layer 626 may be formed from any of the coating compositions discussed herein that may be used for temporary protective layer 114, including any of the materials and / or additives discussed herein; for example, a coating composition including a polyurethane polymer and / or a polyurethane dispersion. As used herein, the term "burn-off temporary protective layer" refers to a layer that is removable by a heat treatment process that does not substantially damage the surface. Burn-off temporary protective layer 426 and burn-off temporary protective layer 626 may be composed of the same or similar components as temporary protective layer 114 of FIG. 1.

[0169] Burn-off temporary protective layer 626 may include any of the polymers and / or additives disclosed for use in temporary protective layer 114. For example, burn-off temporary protective layer 626 may include any of the coating compositions that may be used in temporary protective layer 114, including any of the materials and / or additives discussed herein; for example, polyurethane polymers and / or polyurethane dispersions.

[0170] The burn-off temporary protective layer 626 may have a thickness of 10 nm to 5000 μm, for example, 1 μm to 100 μm, for example, 5 μm to 50 μm, for example, 5 μm to 20 μm. The burn-off temporary protective layer 626 may be the outermost layer on the substrate 612.

[0171] The burn-off temporary protective layer 626 can be removed by firing (or other heat treatment process) without substantially damaging the surface. As used herein, "substantially damaging" is defined to include any undesirable change in substrate properties that adversely affects the function or aesthetics of the substrate and renders the substrate unacceptable for its intended purpose. For example, substantially damaging the surface can include substantial discoloration to the surface due to the heat treatment process. In other applications where a heating step is part of standard procedures, damage can be defined as an undesirable color change due to the presence of the burn-off coating compared to a similar sample heated without the burn-off coating. As used herein, substantial discoloration means a color change (DECMC) of 3 units or more, 2 units or more, or 1 unit or more compared to the color of an identical substrate processed without the burn-off coating and subjected to the same heat treatment process. DECMC (CIELAB) can be measured according to ASTM standards using D65 illumination, a 10° observer, and an integrating sphere with a specular component. Measured in accordance with D2244-05 unless otherwise noted. Other examples of substantial damage are those caused or that can be caused by changes in surface roughness, changes in the oxidation state of the surface, or changes in surface energy due to the presence of the burn-off coating during the heat treatment process, or unwanted reactions between the burn-off temporary protective layer and the substrate during the heat treatment process. Substantial damage can include any deleterious changes to the functional coating disposed on the substrate beneath the burn-off temporary protective layer (e.g., an antibacterial functional coating that no longer sterilizes the surface after the heat treatment process, a hydrophobic functional coating that loses its hydrophobicity after the heat treatment process, a change in color of the functional coating that is discernible by the human eye (e.g., DECMC>3, 2, or 1), compared to an identical substrate exposed to the same heat treatment process without the burn-off temporary protective layer).

[0172] The burn-off temporary protective layer 626 may be removable by burning at temperatures up to 1000°C, e.g., up to 900°C, up to 800°C, up to 700°C, up to 600°C, or up to 500°C. The burn-off temporary protective layer 626 may be removed during standard heat treatment processes such as tempering, heat strengthening, or bending, or during heat treatments specifically performed to remove burned-off material without substantially damaging the substrate 612. In one non-limiting example, the combustible material may be removed during a standard tempering procedure in which a tempering furnace operates in the range of 500°C to 1000°C. The protective substrate 600 may include an optional coating layer 624, as previously described.

[0173] Continuing to refer to FIGS. 4 and 6, the substrate may not include any temporary protective sheet on the surface of the substrate, since the burn-off temporary protective layer may be sufficient to protect the substrate as the outermost layer.

[0174] In some non-limiting examples, the burn-off temporary protective layer may be disposed over the entire surface of the substrate, and the burn-off temporary protective layer may also cover at least a portion of the edge of the substrate.

[0175] A method for protecting a substrate may include providing a planar substrate including a surface and applying a material for forming a burn-off temporary protective layer on at least a first portion of the surface. The burn-off temporary protective layer may be applied to the substrate using any of the methods for applying temporary protective layers described above. The method may further include preparing the material via an emulsion in which the material is dispersed in water or an aqueous medium. As used herein, an "aqueous medium" is a liquid mixture containing 50% or more water. Additional additives, such as a crosslinking agent, may be added during the preparation of the material for forming the burn-off protective layer. Alternatively, additional additives may be added immediately before applying the material to form the burn-off temporary protective layer. The material may also require a step of curing at a temperature for a period of time. For example, the material may be cured at room temperature (i.e., in the range of 20-27°C, e.g., 25°C) for up to 72 hours, or up to 48 hours, or up to 36 hours, or up to 24 hours. The material may also be cured at elevated temperatures such as in the range of 90-180°C, or 100-170°C, or 110-150°C, or 120-130°C for a period of up to 2 hours, such as 1 hour, for example 30 minutes, for example 15 minutes.

[0176] A method for removing a burn-off temporary protective layer from a coated substrate may include providing a coated substrate including a surface over which the burn-off temporary protective layer has been applied, and removing the burn-off temporary protective layer from the surface by burning off the burn-off temporary protective layer to form an unprotected substrate. The coated substrate may be heated to a temperature of up to 1000°C to remove the burn-off temporary protective layer from the surface.

[0177] The invention further includes the subject matter of the following clauses:

[0178] Clause 1: A protective substrate comprising: a surface; a temporary protective layer disposed on at least a portion of the surface; a first temporary protective sheet disposed on at least a first portion of the surface; and a second temporary protective sheet disposed on at least a second portion of the surface, wherein an overlapping portion of the second temporary protective sheet overlaps with an overlapping portion of the first temporary protective sheet; a gap is defined by the overlap between the second temporary protective sheet and the portion of the surface, such that a portion of the temporary protective layer is positioned between the second temporary protective sheet and the portion of the surface;

[0179] Clause 2: The protective substrate of clause 1, wherein the temporary protective layer is removable by baking, evaporation, removal with a solvent, or stripping.

[0180] Clause 3: The protection substrate of clause 1 or 2, wherein the planar substrate comprises glass.

[0181] Clause 4: The protective substrate of any of clauses 1 to 3, wherein the planar substrate comprises metal or wood.

[0182] Clause 5: The protective substrate of any of clauses 1-4, further comprising a functional coating disposed on the surface and between the surface and the temporary protective layer.

[0183] Clause 6: The protective substrate of clause 5, wherein the functional coating comprises a low-E coating layer.

[0184] Clause 7: The protective substrate of any of clauses 1-6, wherein the temporary protective layer comprises a polyurethane layer, an epoxide layer, or a combination thereof.

[0185] Clause 8. The protective substrate of clause 7, wherein the polyurethane layer comprises a water-based polyurethane, a polyurethane formed from a two-component system, or a combination thereof.

[0186] Clause 9: The protected substrate of clauses 7-8, wherein the epoxide layer comprises an epoxy-functional polymeric material.

[0187] Clause 10: A protective substrate according to any of clauses 1 to 9, wherein the temporary protective layer comprises a thickness of at least 10 nm and at most 5,000 μm.

[0188] Clause 11: A protective substrate described in any one of clauses 1 to 10, wherein the first temporary protective sheet and / or the second temporary protective sheet are configured to be removable from the protective substrate, and removal of the first temporary protective sheet and / or the second temporary protective sheet from the protective substrate does not peel off a majority of the temporary protective layer from the surface.

[0189] Clause 12: The protection substrate of any of clauses 1 to 11, wherein the temporary protective layer comprises a material having a melting point of at least 60°C.

[0190] Clause 13: The protective substrate of any of clauses 1 to 12, wherein the temporary protective layer comprises a hydrophobic material.

[0191] Clause 14: The protective substrate according to any one of clauses 1 to 13, wherein the temporary protective layer exhibits a water contact angle of at least 60° when the temporary protective layer comes into contact with water.

[0192] Clause 15: The protective substrate of any one of clauses 1 to 14, wherein the temporary protective layer is water impermeable.

[0193] Clause 16: A protected substrate according to any of clauses 1 to 15, wherein the temporary protective layer provides increased corrosion protection to the substrate compared to the same substrate without the temporary protective layer.

[0194] Clause 17: The protection substrate according to any one of clauses 1 to 16, further comprising a tape disposed between the first temporary protection sheet and the second temporary protection sheet.

[0195] Clause 18: The protective substrate of any of clauses 1 to 17, wherein the temporary protective layer further comprises additional components including a plasticizer, a crosslinker, a viscosity modifier, a corrosion inhibitor, an infrared (IR) absorber, an adhesion modifier, an ultraviolet absorber, a pigment, a surfactant, a hydrophobic agent, or a combination thereof.

[0196] Clause 19: The protection substrate of any one of clauses 1 to 18, wherein the temporary protective layer comprises a thermosetting resin system.

[0197] Clause 20: The protection substrate according to any one of clauses 1 to 19, wherein the temporary protection layer is ultraviolet curable.

[0198] Clause 21: A protective substrate comprising: a planar substrate including a surface; a first temporary protective sheet disposed on a first portion of the surface; a second temporary protective sheet disposed on a second portion of the surface, wherein a third portion of the surface is not covered by the first temporary protective sheet and the third portion of the surface is not covered by the second temporary protective sheet; and a temporary protective layer on at least the third portion of the surface, wherein the temporary protective layer is disposed directly below the first protective sheet and / or the second protective sheet and is disposed between the substrate and the first protective sheet and / or the second primary protective sheet.

[0199] Clause 22: The protective substrate of clause 21, further comprising tape disposed on at least a third portion of the surface, a portion of the first temporary protective sheet, and a portion of the second temporary protective sheet.

[0200] Clause 23: The protective substrate of clause 22, wherein a portion of the tape is disposed on at least a portion of the temporary protective layer.

[0201] Clause 24: The protective substrate of clause 23, wherein a gap is defined between the portion of the tape disposed over the portion of the temporary protective layer and the portion of the temporary protective layer.

[0202] Clause 25: The protection substrate of any one of clauses 21 to 24, wherein the temporary protective layer is removable by burning, vaporization, removal with a solvent, or peeling.

[0203] Clause 26: The protection substrate of any one of clauses 21 to 25, wherein the planar substrate comprises glass.

[0204] Item 27. A protective substrate according to any one of clauses 21 to 26, wherein the planar substrate comprises metal or wood.

[0205] Clause 28. The protective substrate of any of clauses 21-27, further comprising a functional coating disposed on the surface and between the surface and the temporary protective layer.

[0206] Clause 29. The protective substrate of clause 28, wherein the functional coating comprises a low-E coating.

[0207] Clause 30: The protective substrate of any of clauses 21 to 29, wherein the temporary protective layer comprises a polyurethane layer, an epoxide layer, or a combination thereof.

[0208] Clause 31. The protective substrate of clause 30, wherein the polyurethane layer comprises a water-based polyurethane, a polyurethane formed from a two-component system, or a combination thereof.

[0209] Clause 32. The protected substrate of clauses 30-31, wherein the epoxide layer comprises an epoxy-functional polymeric material.

[0210] Clause 33. A protective substrate according to any of clauses 21 to 32, wherein the temporary protective layer has a thickness of at least 10 nm and at most 5,000 μm.

[0211] Clause 34. A protective substrate according to any one of clauses 21 to 33, wherein the first temporary protective sheet and / or the second temporary protective sheet are configured to be removable from the protective substrate, and removal of the first temporary protective sheet and / or the second temporary protective sheet from the protective substrate does not peel off most of the temporary protective layer from the surface.

[0212] Clause 35: The protection substrate of any of clauses 21 to 34, wherein the temporary protective layer comprises a material having a melting point of at least 60°C.

[0213] Clause 36. A protective substrate according to any one of clauses 21 to 35, wherein the temporary protective layer comprises a hydrophobic material.

[0214] Clause 37. The protective substrate according to any one of clauses 21 to 36, wherein the temporary protective layer exhibits a water contact angle of at least 60° when the temporary protective layer comes into contact with water.

[0215] Clause 38. A protective substrate according to any one of clauses 21 to 37, wherein the temporary protective layer is water impermeable.

[0216] Clause 39. A protected substrate according to any of clauses 21 to 38, wherein the temporary protective layer provides increased corrosion protection to the substrate compared to the same substrate without the temporary protective layer.

[0217] Clause 40: The protective substrate of any of clauses 21 to 39, wherein the temporary protective layer further comprises additional components including a plasticizer, a crosslinker, a viscosity modifier, a corrosion inhibitor, an infrared (IR) absorber, an adhesion modifier, an ultraviolet absorber, a pigment, a surfactant, a hydrophobic agent, or a combination thereof.

[0218] Clause 41. The protective substrate of any of clauses 21 to 40, wherein the temporary protective layer comprises a thermosetting resin system.

[0219] Clause 42: The protective substrate of any one of clauses 21 to 41, wherein the temporary protective layer is UV-curable.

[0220] Clause 43. A protective substrate, comprising a surface, a first portion of the surface onto which a temporary protective layer is applied, a second portion of the surface onto which the first temporary protective sheet is disposed, and a third portion of the surface onto which the second temporary protective sheet is disposed, wherein the first portion is not covered by the first or second temporary protective sheet, and the temporary protective layer is located directly below the first or second temporary protective sheet and is located between the substrate and the first or second temporary protective sheet, and wherein it is possible to determine whether the first primary protective sheet overlaps the second temporary protective sheet.

[0221] Clause 44. The protective substrate of clause 43, further comprising tape disposed on at least a first portion of the surface, a portion of the first temporary protective sheet, and a portion of the second temporary protective sheet.

[0222] Clause 45. The protective substrate of clause 44, wherein a portion of the tape is disposed on at least a portion of the temporary protective layer.

[0223] Clause 46. The protective substrate of clause 45, wherein a gap is defined between a portion of the tape disposed over the portion of the temporary protective layer and the portion of the temporary protective layer.

[0224] Clause 47: The protective substrate of any of Clauses 43 to 46, wherein the temporary protective layer is removable by burning, vaporization, removal with a solvent, or peeling.

[0225] Clause 48: The protection substrate of any of clauses 43 to 47, wherein the planar substrate comprises glass.

[0226] Clause 49: A protective substrate according to any one of clauses 43 to 48, wherein the planar substrate comprises metal or wood.

[0227] Clause 50: The protective substrate of any of clauses 43 to 49, further comprising a functional coating disposed on the surface and between the surface and the temporary protective layer.

[0228] Clause 51. The protective substrate of clause 50, wherein the functional coating comprises a low-E coating.

[0229] Clause 52. The protective substrate of any of clauses 43-51, wherein the temporary protective layer comprises a polyurethane layer, an epoxide layer, or a combination thereof.

[0230] Clause 53. The protective substrate of clause 52, wherein the polyurethane layer comprises a water-based polyurethane, a polyurethane formed from a two-component system, or a combination thereof.

[0231] Clause 54. The protected substrate of clauses 52-53, wherein the epoxide layer comprises an epoxy-functional polymeric material.

[0232] Clause 55. A protective substrate according to any of clauses 43 to 54, wherein the temporary protective layer has a thickness of at least 10 nm and up to 5,000 μm.

[0233] Clause 56. A protective substrate according to any one of clauses 43 to 55, wherein the first temporary protective sheet and / or the second temporary protective sheet are configured to be removable from the protective substrate, and removal of the first temporary protective sheet and / or the second temporary protective sheet from the protective substrate does not peel off a majority of the temporary protective layer from the surface.

[0234] Clause 57. A protective substrate according to any one of clauses 43 to 56, wherein the temporary protective layer comprises a material having a melting point of at least 60°C.

[0235] Clause 58. A protective substrate according to any one of clauses 43 to 57, wherein the temporary protective layer comprises a hydrophobic material.

[0236] Clause 59. The protective substrate according to any one of clauses 43 to 58, wherein the temporary protective layer exhibits a water contact angle of at least 60° when the temporary protective layer is in contact with water.

[0237] Clause 60: The protective substrate of any of clauses 43 to 59, wherein the temporary protective layer is water impermeable.

[0238] Clause 61: A protected substrate according to any of clauses 43 to 60, wherein the temporary protective layer provides increased corrosion protection to the substrate compared to the same substrate without the temporary protective layer.

[0239] Clause 62: A protective substrate described in any of clauses 43 to 61, wherein the temporary protective layer further comprises additional components including a plasticizer, a crosslinker, a viscosity modifier, a corrosion inhibitor, an infrared (IR) absorber, an adhesion modifier, an ultraviolet absorber, a pigment, a surfactant, a hydrophobic agent, or a combination thereof.

[0240] Clause 63. A protective substrate according to any one of clauses 43 to 62, wherein the temporary protective layer comprises a thermosetting resin system.

[0241] Clause 64: The protective substrate of any one of clauses 43 to 63, wherein the temporary protective layer is UV curable.

[0242] Clause 65: A protective substrate comprising: a planar substrate including a surface; and a temporary protective layer disposed on at least a portion of the surface, the temporary protective layer comprising a polyurethane layer, an epoxide layer, or a combination thereof.

[0243] Clause 66. A protective substrate according to clause 65, wherein the temporary protective layer has a thickness of at least 10 nm and up to 5,000 μm.

[0244] Clause 67: A protective substrate according to clause 65 or 66, wherein the planar substrate comprises glass.

[0245] Clause 68: A protective substrate according to any of clauses 65 to 67, wherein the planar substrate comprises metal or wood.

[0246] Clause 69: A protective substrate according to any one of clauses 65 to 68, wherein the temporary protective layer comprises at least 40 wt.% carbon.

[0247] Clause 70: The protective substrate of any one of clauses 65 to 69, wherein the protective substrate does not include a temporary protective sheet disposed on the surface.

[0248] Clause 71. A protective substrate according to any one of clauses 65 to 70, wherein the temporary protective layer is the outermost layer of the planar substrate.

[0249] Clause 72: A protective substrate according to any one of clauses 65 to 71, wherein a temporary protective layer is disposed over at least the entire surface.

[0250] Clause 73. The protective substrate of any of clauses 65-72, wherein the polyurethane layer comprises a water-based polyurethane, a polyurethane formed from a two-component system, or a combination thereof.

[0251] Clause 74. The protected substrate of any of clauses 65-73, wherein the epoxide layer comprises an epoxy-functional polymeric material.

[0252] Clause 75: A protective substrate described in any of clauses 65 to 74, wherein the temporary protective layer further comprises additional components including a plasticizer, a crosslinker, a viscosity modifier, a corrosion inhibitor, an infrared (IR) absorber, an adhesion modifier, an ultraviolet absorber, a pigment, a surfactant, a hydrophobic agent, or a combination thereof.

[0253] Clause 76. A protective substrate according to any one of clauses 65 to 75, wherein the temporary protective layer comprises a thermosetting resin system.

[0254] Clause 77. A protective substrate according to any one of clauses 65 to 76, wherein the temporary protective layer is UV curable.

[0255] Clause 78: A protective substrate comprising: a surface; a temporary protective layer disposed on at least a portion of the surface; a first temporary protective sheet disposed on at least a first portion of the surface; and a second temporary protective sheet disposed on at least a second portion of the surface, wherein an overlapping portion of the second temporary protective sheet overlaps an overlapping portion of the first temporary protective sheet; a planar substrate including: a first temporary protective sheet disposed on at least a first portion of the surface; a second temporary protective sheet disposed on at least a second portion of the surface, wherein a gap is defined by the overlap between the second temporary protective sheet and the portion of the surface, and a first portion of the temporary protective layer is disposed between the second temporary protective sheet and the portion of the surface; and a protective layer disposed to cover the first portion and a portion of the surface, wherein the first portion overlaps the first portion and the first portion overlaps at least a portion of the surface.

[0256] Clause 79. The protective substrate of clause 78, wherein the temporary protective layer is removable by burning, vaporizing, removing with a solvent, or peeling.

[0257] Clause 80: The protective substrate of clause 78 or 79, wherein the planar substrate comprises glass.

[0258] Clause 81. The protective substrate of any of clauses 78 to 80, further comprising a functional coating disposed on the surface and between the surface and the temporary protective layer.

[0259] Clause 82: A protective substrate according to clause 81, wherein the functional coating comprises a low E coating layer.

[0260] Clause 83. The protective substrate of any of clauses 78-82, wherein the temporary protective layer comprises a polyurethane layer, an epoxide layer, or a combination thereof.

[0261] Clause 84. The protective substrate of clause 83, wherein the polyurethane layer comprises a water-based polyurethane, a polyurethane formed from a two-component system, or a combination thereof.

[0262] Clause 85. The protected substrate of any of clauses 83-84, wherein the epoxide layer comprises an epoxy-functional polymeric material.

[0263] Clause 86: A protective substrate described in any of Clauses 78 to 85, wherein the first temporary protective sheet and / or the second temporary protective sheet are configured to be removable from the protective substrate, and removal of the first temporary protective sheet and / or the second temporary protective sheet from the protective substrate does not peel off a majority of the temporary protective layer from the surface.

[0264] Clause 87: A protective substrate according to any of clauses 78 to 86, wherein the temporary protective layer comprises a material having a melting point of at least 60°C and at most 600°C.

[0265] Clause 88: The protective substrate of any of clauses 78 to 87, wherein the temporary protective layer exhibits a water contact angle of at least 60° when the temporary protective layer comes into contact with water.

[0266] Clause 89: A protective substrate comprising: a planar substrate including a surface; a first temporary protective sheet disposed on a first portion of the surface; a second temporary protective sheet disposed on a second portion of the surface, wherein a third portion of the surface is not covered by the first temporary protective sheet and the third portion of the surface is not covered by the second temporary protective sheet; and a temporary protective layer on at least the third portion of the surface, wherein the temporary protective layer is disposed directly below the first protective sheet and / or the second protective sheet and is disposed between the substrate and the first and / or second temporary protective sheet.

[0267] Clause 90. The protective substrate of clause 89, further comprising tape disposed on at least a third portion of the surface, a portion of the first temporary protective sheet, and a portion of the second temporary protective sheet.

[0268] Clause 91: The protective substrate of clause 89 or 90, wherein the temporary protective layer is removable by burning, vaporizing, removing with a solvent, or peeling.

[0269] Clause 92: The protection substrate of any of clauses 89 to 91, wherein the planar substrate comprises glass.

[0270] Clause 93: The protective substrate of any of clauses 89 to 92, further comprising a coating disposed between the surface and the temporary protective layer.

[0271] Clause 94. The protective substrate of clause 93, wherein the coating comprises a low-E coating.

[0272] Clause 95: The protective substrate of any of clauses 89 to 94, wherein the temporary protective layer comprises a polyurethane layer, an epoxide layer, or a combination thereof.

[0273] Clause 96: The protective substrate of clause 95, wherein the polyurethane layer comprises a water-based polyurethane, a polyurethane formed from a two-component system, or a combination thereof.

[0274] Clause 97. The protected substrate of any of clauses 95-96, wherein the epoxide layer comprises an epoxy-functional polymeric material.

[0275] Clause 98. A protective substrate according to any one of clauses 89 to 97, wherein the temporary protective layer comprises a material having a melting point of at least 60°C and at most 600°C.

[0276] Clause 99. The protective substrate of any of clauses 1-98, wherein the temporary protective layer comprises a polyurethane layer formed from a coating composition comprising an aqueous polyurethane, a polyurethane formed from a two-component system, or a combination thereof.

[0277] Clause 100: The protective substrate of any of clauses 1-99, wherein the temporary protective layer comprises a polyurethane layer formed from a coating composition comprising a polyurethane polymer.

[0278] Clause 101: The protective substrate of clause 100, wherein the polyurethane polymer comprises an oil-modified polyurethane polymer.

[0279] Clause 102: A protective substrate according to any of clauses 99 to 101, wherein the polyurethane layer is formed from a coating composition comprising a polyurethane polymer formed from a mixture of reactants comprising at least one polyol; and a polyisocyanate.

[0280] Clause 103: The protected substrate of clause 102, wherein the at least one polyol comprises an oil polyol.

[0281] Clause 104: The protected substrate of clause 103, wherein the oil polyol is formed from a mixture of reactants comprising at least one unsaturated oil and / or fatty acid; and at least one polyol.

[0282] Clause 105: The protective substrate of Clause 104, wherein the at least one unsaturated oil and / or fatty acid used to form the oil polyol comprises palm oil, soybean oil, sunflower seed oil, peanut oil, cottonseed oil, rapeseed oil, coconut oil, palm kernel oil, olive oil, corn oil, grapeseed oil, hazelnut oil, linseed oil, sesame oil, avocado oil, hemp seed oil, tuna oil, canola oil, safflower oil, tall oil, sunflower oil, poppy seed oil, perilla oil, walnut oil, castor oil, sardine oil, ricinoleic acid, eleostearic acid, linoleic acid, palmitoleic acid, arachidonic acid, or a combination thereof.

[0283] Clause 106: The protected substrate according to any of clauses 104-105, wherein the unsaturated oil and / or fatty acid has an iodine value in the range of 70-250, such as in the range of 80-225, such as in the range of 90-210, such as in the range of 100-200.

[0284] Clause 107. The protected substrate according to any of clauses 104 to 106, wherein the mixture of reactants used to form the oil polyol comprises unsaturated oil and / or fatty acid in an amount in the range of 80% to 97% by weight, such as in the range of 85% to 96% by weight, for example in the range of 90% to 95% by weight, based on the total solids weight of the mixture of reactants used to form the oil polyol.

[0285] Clause 108: The protected substrate of any of clauses 104 to 107, wherein at least one polyol used to form the oil polyol comprises cyclohexanedimethanol, bisphenol A, glycerin, trimethylolpropane, trimethylolethane, pentaerythritol, sorbitol, neopentyl glycol, 1,6-hexanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,3-butylene glycol, 1,3-propanediol, dipropylene glycol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, ethylene glycol, or a combination thereof.

[0286] Clause 109. The protected substrate according to any of clauses 104 to 108, wherein the at least one polyol used to form the oil polyol comprises at least two polyols, such as at least three polyols, for example at least four polyols.

[0287] Clause 110: The protected substrate of any of clauses 104 to 109, wherein the mixture of reactants used to form the oil polyol comprises at least one polyol in an amount in the range of 1 wt.% to 25 wt.%, for example in the range of 2 wt.% to 20 wt.%, for example in the range of 3 wt.% to 15 wt.%, for example in the range of 5 wt.% to 10 wt.%, based on the total solids weight of the mixture of reactants used to form the oil polyol.

[0288] Clause 111. The protected substrate of any of clauses 104-110, wherein the mixture of reactants used to form the oil polyol further comprises a catalyst.

[0289] Clause 112: The protected substrate of clause 111, wherein the catalyst used to form the oil polyol comprises 1,5,7-triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-ene, zinc acetate, calcium naphthenate, zinc naphthenate, barium naphthenate, lithium iron naphthenate neodecanoate, or a combination thereof.

[0290] Clause 113. The protected substrate of any of clauses 111-112, wherein the mixture of reactants used to form the oil polyol comprises a catalyst in an amount in the range of greater than 0 wt.% to 2 wt.%, for example in the range of greater than 0 wt.% to 1 wt.%, for example in the range of 0.01 wt.% to 2 wt.%, for example in the range of 0.01 wt.% to 1 wt.%, based on the total solids weight of the mixture of reactants used to form the oil polyol.

[0291] Clause 114: The protected substrate of any of clauses 103 to 113, wherein the oil polyol comprises at least three hydroxyl groups, such as at least four hydroxyl groups, such as at least five hydroxyl groups, such as at least 10 hydroxyl groups, such as at least 15 hydroxyl groups, such as at least 20 hydroxyl groups.

[0292] Clause 115: A protected substrate according to any one of clauses 103 to 114, wherein the oil polyol comprises at least one ethylenically unsaturated group, such as at least two ethylenically unsaturated groups, such as at least three ethylenically unsaturated groups, such as at least five ethylenically unsaturated groups.

[0293] Clause 116. A protected substrate according to any of clauses 103 to 115, characterized in that the oil polyol does not contain additional functional groups.

[0294] Item 117. A protected substrate according to any of clauses 103 to 116, wherein the oil polyol comprises a hydroxyl value in the range of 70 KOH / mg to 250 KOH / mg, such as 80 KOH / mg to 200 KOH / mg, such as 90 KOH / mg to 180 KOH / mg, such as 100 KOH / mg to 150 KOH / mg.

[0295] Clause 118: The protected substrate of any of clauses 103 to 117, wherein the mixture of reactants used to form the polyurethane polymer comprises an oil polyol in an amount in the range of 30% to 65% by weight, such as in the range of 35% to 60% by weight, such as in the range of 40% to 55% by weight, such as in the range of 45% to 50% by weight, based on the total solids weight of the mixture of reactants used to form the polyurethane polymer.

[0296] Clause 119: The protective substrate of any of clauses 102-118, wherein at least one polyol used to form the polyurethane polymer comprises a polyester polyol.

[0297] Clause 120. The protected substrate of clause 119, wherein the polyester polyol is formed from a mixture of reactants comprising at least one polyol; and at least one polyacid.

[0298] Clause 121. The protective substrate of clause 120, wherein at least one polyol used to form the polyester polyol comprises dimethyl carbonate, caprolactone, cyclohexanedimethanol, bisphenol A, glycerin, trimethylolpropane, trimethylolethane, pentaerythritol, sorbitol, neopentyl glycol, 1,6-hexanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,3-butylene glycol, 1,3-propanediol, dipropylene glycol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, and ethylene glycol, or a combination thereof.

[0299] Clause 122: A protective substrate according to any one of clauses 120 to 121, wherein the at least one polyol used to form the polyester polyol comprises at least two polyols, such as at least three polyols, for example at least four polyols.

[0300] Clause 123. The protected substrate of any of clauses 120 to 122, wherein the mixture of reactants used to form the polyester polyol comprises at least one polyol in an amount in the range of 50% to 80% by weight, or in the range of 55% to 80% by weight, or in the range of 60% to 78% by weight, or in the range of 65% to 75% by weight, based on the total solids weight of the mixture of reactants used to form the polyester polyol.

[0301] Clause 124: The protected substrate of any of clauses 120-123, wherein at least one polyacid used to form the polyester polyol comprises oxalic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, isophthalic acid, phthalic acid, trimellitic acid, maleic anhydride, phthalic anhydride, trimellitic anhydride, or a combination thereof.

[0302] Clause 125: A protected substrate according to any of clauses 120 to 124, wherein the mixture of reactants used to form the polyester polyol comprises at least one polyacid in an amount in the range of 20% to 50% by weight, or in the range of 20% to 45% by weight, or in the range of 23% to 40% by weight, or in the range of 25% to 35% by weight, based on the total solids weight of the mixture of reactants used to form the polyester polyol.

[0303] Clause 126. The protective substrate of any one of clauses 119 to 125, wherein the polyester polyol comprises an aliphatic polyester polyol.

[0304] Clause 127: The polyester polyol is C2-C 25 Carbon chains, e.g., C5-C 20 Carbon chains, e.g., C8-C 18 Carbon chains, e.g., C 10 -C 14 127. A protected substrate according to any one of clauses 119 to 126, comprising a carbon chain.

[0305] Clause 128: A protected substrate according to any one of clauses 119 to 127, wherein the polyester polyol comprises at least one ester bond, such as at least two ester bonds, for example at least three ester bonds, such as at least four ester bonds, for example at least five ester bonds.

[0306] Clause 129: A protected substrate according to any of clauses 119 to 128, wherein the polyester polyol comprises at least two hydroxyl groups, for example at least three hydroxyl groups, for example at least four hydroxyl groups, for example at least five hydroxyl groups, for example at least 10 hydroxyl groups, for example at least 15 hydroxyl groups, for example at least 30 hydroxyl groups.

[0307] Clause 130. A protective substrate according to any one of clauses 119 to 129, characterized in that the polyester polyol does not contain additional functional groups.

[0308] Clause 131: The protected substrate of any of clauses 119 to 130, wherein the polyester polyol has a hydroxyl number in the range of 70 KOH / mg to 250 KOH / mg, such as in the range of 80 KOH / mg to 200 KOH / mg, such as in the range of 90 KOH / mg to 180 KOH / mg, such as in the range of 100 KOH / mg to 150 KOH / mg.

[0309] Clause 132: The protected substrate of any of clauses 119 to 131, wherein the mixture of reactants used to form the polyurethane polymer comprises polyester polyol in an amount in the range of greater than 0 wt.% to 20 wt.%, for example in the range of 1 wt.% to 15 wt.%, for example in the range of 3 wt.% to 12 wt.%, for example in the range of 5 wt.% to 10 wt.%, based on the total solids weight of the mixture of reactants used to form the polyurethane polymer.

[0310] Clause 133: The protected substrate of any of clauses 102 to 133, wherein at least one polyol used to form the polyurethane polymer comprises a polyether polyol.

[0311] Clause 134. The protective substrate of clause 133, wherein the polyether polyol comprises an aliphatic polyether polyol.

[0312] Clause 135. The protected substrate of any one of clauses 133-134, wherein the polyether polyol comprises an ethylene-based or propylene-based polyether polyol.

[0313] Clause 136. The protected substrate of any of clauses 133 to 135, wherein the polyether polyol comprises ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, tetrahydrofuran, neopentyl glycol, 1,6-hexanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,3-butylene glycol, 1,3-propanediol, dipropylene glycol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, ethylene glycol, or a combination thereof.

[0314] Clause 137. A protected substrate according to any of clauses 133 to 136, wherein the polyether polyol comprises at least one ether bond, such as at least two ether bonds, for example at least three ether bonds, such as at least four ether bonds, for example at least five ether bonds.

[0315] Clause 138: The protected substrate of any of Clauses 133 to 137, wherein the polyether polyol comprises at least two hydroxyl groups, such as at least three hydroxyl groups, for example at least four hydroxyl groups, for example at least five hydroxyl groups, for example at least 10 hydroxyl groups, for example at least 15 hydroxyl groups, for example at least 20 hydroxyl groups.

[0316] Clause 139: The protected substrate of any one of clauses 133 to 138, wherein the polyether polyol does not contain additional functional groups.

[0317] Clause 140: The protected substrate according to any one of clauses 133 to 139, wherein the polyether polyol has a hydroxyl number in the range of 70 KOH / mg to 250 KOH / mg, for example in the range of 80 KOH / mg to 200 KOH / mg, for example in the range of 90 KOH / mg to 180 KOH / mg, for example in the range of 100 KOH / mg to 150 KOH / mg.

[0318] Clause 141. A protective substrate according to any of clauses 133 to 140, wherein the mixture of reactants used to form the polyurethane polyol comprises polyether polyol in an amount in the range of greater than 0 wt.% to 15 wt.%, for example in the range of 0.1 wt.% to 10 wt.%, for example in the range of 0.5 wt.% to 8 wt.%, for example in the range of 1 wt.% to 5 wt.%, based on the total solids weight of the mixture of reactants used to form the polyurethane polymer.

[0319] Clause 142. The protected substrate of any of clauses 102-141, wherein at least one polyol used to form the polyurethane polymer comprises an acid-functional polyol.

[0320] Clause 143: The protected substrate of clause 142, wherein the acid functional polyol comprises an aliphatic acid functional polyol.

[0321] Clause 144: The protected substrate of any of clauses 142-143, wherein the acid-functional polyol comprises 2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propionic acid, 2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)butanoic acid, 2,3-dihydroxypropanoic acid, 2,2-dihydroxypropanedioic acid, 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid, or a combination thereof.

[0322] Clause 145: The protected substrate of any of clauses 142 to 144, wherein the acid functional polyol comprises at least one carboxylic acid group, such as at least two carboxylic acid groups, such as at least three carboxylic acid groups, such as at least four carboxylic acid groups, such as at least five carboxylic acid groups.

[0323] Clause 146: The protected substrate of any of Clauses 142 to 145, wherein the acid functional polyol comprises at least two hydroxyl groups, such as at least three hydroxyl groups, for example at least four hydroxyl groups, for example at least five hydroxyl groups, for example at least 10 hydroxyl groups, for example at least 15 hydroxyl groups, for example at least 30 hydroxyl groups.

[0324] Clause 147: The protected substrate of any of clauses 142 to 146, wherein the acid functional polyol does not contain additional functional groups.

[0325] Clause 148: The protected substrate of any of clauses 141 to 147, wherein the mixture of reactants used to form the polyurethane polymer comprises an acid functional polyol in an amount in the range of greater than 0 wt.% to 20 wt.%, for example in the range of 1 wt.% to 15 wt.%, for example in the range of 3 wt.% to 12 wt.%, for example in the range of 5 wt.% to 10 wt.%, based on the total solids weight of the mixture of reactants used to form the polyurethane polymer.

[0326] Clause 149: The protected substrate of any one of clauses 102 to 148, wherein the polyisocyanate comprises an aliphatic polyisocyanate.

[0327] Clause 150. The protected substrate of any one of clauses 102 to 149, wherein the polyisocyanate comprises a cycloaliphatic polyisocyanate.

[0328] Clause 151. The protected substrate of any one of clauses 102 to 150, wherein the polyisocyanate comprises an aromatic polyisocyanate.

[0329] Clause 152. The protected substrate of any of clauses 102 to 151, wherein the polyisocyanate comprises metaphenylene diisocyanate, paraphenylene diisocyanate, 2,6-toluene diisocyanate, 2,4-toluene diisocyanate, xylylene diisocyanate, 4,4-biphenylene diisocyanate, 4,4-methylene diphenyl isocyanate, 1,5-naphthylene diisocyanate, 1,4-tetramethylene diisocyanate, 11,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate, 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,6-diisocyanatohexane, 1,10-decamethylene diisocyanate, 1,4-cyclohexylene diisocyanate, 4,4-methylenebis(isocyanatocyclohexane), 1-isocyanato-3-isocyanatomethyl-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohexane, or a combination thereof.

[0330] Clause 153. The protected substrate of any one of clauses 102 to 152, wherein the polyisocyanate comprises a blocked polyisocyanate.

[0331] Clause 154. The protected substrate of clause 153, wherein the blocked polyisocyanate comprises a blocking agent; and the blocking agent comprises an amide, a phenol, a caprolactam, a uredione, or a combination thereof.

[0332] Clause 155. The protected substrate according to any of clauses 102 to 154, wherein the polyisocyanate comprises at least two isocyanate functional groups, such as at least three isocyanate functional groups, such as at least four isocyanate groups, such as at least five isocyanate groups.

[0333] Clause 156. The protected substrate of any one of clauses 102 to 155, wherein the polyisocyanate does not contain additional functional groups.

[0334] Clause 157. The protected substrate according to any one of clauses 102 to 156, wherein the polyisocyanate has an isocyanate equivalent weight in the range of 80g / eq to 225g / eq, such as in the range of 90g / eq to 200g / eq, for example in the range of 100g / eq to 190g / eq, for example in the range of 110g / eq to 175g / eq.

[0335] Clause 158. The protected substrate of any of clauses 102 to 157, comprising polyisocyanate in an amount in the range of 15% to 55% by weight, such as in the range of 20% to 50% by weight, such as in the range of 25% to 45% by weight, such as in the range of 30% to 40% by weight, based on the total solids weight of the mixture of reactants used to form the polyurethane polymer.

[0336] Clause 159. A protected substrate according to any of clauses 133 to 158, wherein the mixture of reactants used to form the polyurethane polymer comprises a ratio of polyester polyol to polyether polyol in the range of 10:1 to 1:1, such as in the range of 8:1 to 2:1, such as in the range of 7:1 to 3:1, such as in the range of 6:1 to 4:1.

[0337] Clause 160. A protected substrate according to any of clauses 142 to 159, wherein the mixture of reactants used to form the polyurethane polymer comprises a ratio of polyester polyol to acid functional polyol in the range of 2:1 to 1:2, for example in the range of 1.75:1 to 1:1.5, for example in the range of 1.4:1 to 1.2:1.

[0338] Clause 161. A protected substrate according to any of clauses 103 to 160, wherein the mixture of reactants used to form the polyurethane polymer comprises a ratio of oil polyol to polyisocyanate in the range of 2:1 to 1:1.25, such as in the range of 1.75:1 to 1:1, such as in the range of 1.5:1 to 1:1, such as in the range of 1.3:1 to 1.2:1.

[0339] Clause 162. A protective substrate according to any of clauses 100 to 161, wherein the polyurethane polymer comprises at least one urethane bond, such as at least two urethane bonds, for example at least three urethane bonds, for example at least five urethane bonds, such as at least 10 urethane bonds, for example at least 20 urethane bonds.

[0340] Clause 163. A protected substrate according to any of clauses 100 to 162, wherein the polyurethane polymer comprises at least one ester bond, such as at least two ester bonds, such as at least three ester bonds, such as at least five ester bonds.

[0341] Clause 164. A protective substrate according to any of clauses 100 to 163, wherein the polyurethane polymer comprises at least one ether bond, such as at least two ether bonds, such as at least three ether bonds, such as at least five ether bonds.

[0342] Clause 165. A protected substrate according to any of clauses 100 to 164, wherein the polyurethane polymer comprises at least one urea bond, such as at least two urea bonds, such as at least three urea bonds, such as at least five urea bonds.

[0343] Clause 166. A protective substrate according to any of clauses 100 to 165, wherein the polyurethane polymer comprises at least one ethylenically unsaturated group, such as at least two ethylenically unsaturated groups, such as at least three ethylenically unsaturated groups, such as at least five ethylenically unsaturated groups.

[0344] Clause 167. A protected substrate according to clause 166, wherein the ethylenically unsaturated groups are pendant from the backbone of the polyurethane polymer.

[0345] Clause 168: The ethylenically unsaturated group is C5-C 30 On the carbon chain, e.g., C8-C 25 On the carbon chain, e.g., C 10 -C 20 168. A protection substrate according to any one of clauses 166 to 167 provided on a carbon chain.

[0346] Clause 169. The protective substrate according to any one of clauses 100 to 168, wherein the polyurethane polymer comprises at least one carboxylic acid group, such as at least two carboxylic acid groups, such as at least three carboxylic acid groups, such as at least five carboxylic acid groups.

[0347] Clause 170. A protected substrate according to clause 169, wherein carboxylic acid groups are pendant from the backbone of the polyurethane polymer.

[0348] Article 171. Carboxylic acid functional group is C2-C 10 171. The protection substrate according to any of clauses 169-170, provided on a carbon chain, such as a C2-C8 carbon chain, such as a C2-C5 carbon chain, such as a C2-C3 carbon chain.

[0349] Clause 172. A protective substrate according to any of clauses 100 to 171, wherein the polyurethane polymer has a weight average molecular weight in the range of 5,000 g / mol to 60,000 g / mol, such as in the range of 10,000 g / mol to 50,000 g / m, for example in the range of 15,000 g / mol to 45,000 g / m, for example in the range of 20,000 g / mol to 40,000 g / m.

[0350] Clause 173: A protective substrate according to any one of clauses 4 to 75, wherein the polyurethane polymer has a glass transition temperature in the range of -30°C to 20°C, such as in the range of -20°C to 10°C, for example in the range of -10°C to 0°C.

[0351] Clause 174. The protective substrate of any of clauses 100 to 173, wherein the polyurethane polymer has a viscosity in the range of 15 cps to 225 cps, such as in the range of 20 cps to 200 cps, for example in the range of 25 cps to 175 cps.

[0352] Clause 175. A protected substrate according to any of clauses 100 to 174, wherein the polyurethane polymer has an acid number in the range of greater than 0 KOH / mg to 45 KOH / mg, such as in the range of 1 KOH / mg to 40 KOH / mg, such as in the range of 3 KOH / mg to 35 KOH / mg, for example in the range of 5 KOH / mg to 30 KOH / mg.

[0353] Clause 176: A protected substrate according to any of clauses 100 to 175, wherein the polyurethane polymer comprises at least three, such as at least four, for example at least five, for example at least six, for example at least seven, for example at least eight different hydrocarbon chains in the backbone of the polyurethane polymer.

[0354] Article 177. Polyurethane polymers are C5 or higher, for example C8 or higher, for example C 10 For example, C 15 For example, C 20 177. A protected substrate according to any one of clauses 100 to 176, comprising the above hydrocarbon chain.

[0355] Clause 178: The protective substrate of any one of clauses 100 to 177, wherein the polyurethane polymer is a copolymer.

[0356] Clause 179: The protective substrate of any one of clauses 100 to 178, wherein the polyurethane polymer is formed via step-growth polymerization.

[0357] Clause 180. The protective substrate of any one of clauses 100 to 179, wherein the polyurethane polymer is formed via condensation polymerization.

[0358] Clause 181: The protected substrate of any of clauses 100 to 180, wherein the coating composition comprises a polyurethane dispersion comprising a polyurethane polymer.

[0359] Clause 182. The protective substrate of clause 181, wherein the polyurethane dispersion comprises the polyurethane polymer in an amount in the range of 15% to 50% by weight, such as in the range of 25% to 45% by weight, such as in the range of 30% to 40% by weight, such as in the range of 30% to 35% by weight, based on the total weight of the polyurethane dispersion.

[0360] Clause 183: The protected substrate of any one of clauses 181-182, wherein the polyurethane dispersion further comprises a neutralizing amine.

[0361] Clause 184: The protected substrate of Clause 183, wherein the neutralizing amine comprises ammonium hydroxide, dimethylamine, trimethylamine, triethylamine, monoethanolamine, diisopropanolamine, diethanolamine, dimethylethanolamine, or a combination thereof.

[0362] Clause 185: A protected substrate according to any of clauses 183 to 184, wherein the polyurethane dispersion comprises neutralizing amine in an amount of more than 0% by weight to 10% by weight, for example in the range of 0.1% to 8% by weight, for example in the range of 0.5% to 5% by weight, for example in the range of 1% to 2% by weight, based on the total weight of the polyurethane dispersion.

[0363] Clause 186: The protected substrate of any of clauses 183 to 185, wherein the polyurethane dispersion further comprises a chain extender.

[0364] Clause 187. The protected substrate of clause 186, wherein the chain extender comprises an amine chain extender.

[0365] Clause 188. The protected substrate of clause 187, wherein the amine chain extender comprises an aliphatic amine chain extender.

[0366] Item 189: The protected substrate of any of items 187-188, wherein the amine chain extender comprises 4,4-diaminodicyclohexylmethane, 4,4-diamino-3,3-dimethyldicyclohexylmethane, 1,4-bis((2-amino-2-yl)-cyclohexane, 3,3-dimethyl-4,4-diaminodicyclohexylmethane, 1,3-diaminohexane, 1,4-diaminohexane, diethylenetriamine, dipropylenetriamine, hydrazine, ethylenediamine, 1,2-diaminopropane, 1,3-diaminopropane, 1,6-diaminopropane, 1,3-diamino-2,2-dimethylpropane, isophoronediamine, triethylenetetramine, tripropylenetetramine, tetraethylenepentamine, or a combination thereof.

[0367] Clause 190. A protected substrate of any of paragraphs 187 to 189 in which the amine chain extender comprises an amine value in the range of 1,000 KOH / mg to 2,500 KOH / mg, such as in the range of 1,100 KOH / mg to 2,300 KOH / mg, such as in the range of 1,200 KOH / mg to 2,100 KOH / mg, such as in the range of 1,300 KOH / mg to 1,900 KOH / mg.

[0368] Clause 191: The protected substrate of any of clauses 187 to 190, wherein the amine chain extender comprises at least two amine groups, such as at least three amine groups, such as at least four amine groups, for example at least five amine groups.

[0369] Clause 192: The protected substrate of any of clauses 187 to 191, wherein the amine chain extender comprises up to 10 amine groups, such as up to 8 amine groups, such as up to 6 amine groups.

[0370] Item 193. A protective substrate according to any of paragraphs 187 to 192, wherein the polyurethane dispersion comprises an amine chain extender in an amount ranging from greater than 0 wt. % to 3 wt. %, for example, from greater than 0 wt. % to 2 wt. %, for example, from greater than 0 wt. % to 1 wt. %, based on the total weight of the polyurethane dispersion.

[0371] Clause 194. A protective substrate according to any one of clauses 181 to 193, wherein the polyurethane dispersion further comprises water.

[0372] Clause 195. The protected substrate of Clause 194, wherein the polyurethane dispersion comprises water in an amount in the range of 53% to 75% by weight, such as in the range of 55% to 70% by weight, such as in the range of 60% to 65% by weight, based on the total weight of the polyurethane dispersion.

[0373] Clause 196. The protected substrate of any one of clauses 99 to 195, wherein the coating composition further comprises an epoxide.

[0374] Clause 197: A protective substrate described in any of clauses 99 to 196, wherein the coating composition further comprises a wax, an organic oil, a polyolefin, a poly(meth)acrylate, a polyester, an alkene, polyethylene, polypropylene, an emulsion thereof, or some combination thereof.

[0375] Clause 198. A protective substrate according to any of clauses 99 to 197, wherein the coating composition further comprises polylactic acid (PLA), polyethylene carbonate (PEC), polypropylene carbonate (PPC), polycaprolactone, polyoxymethylene, polyethylene, polypropylene, or some combination thereof, and the wax may comprise stearic acid, paraffin, carnauba, microcrystalline wax, polyethylene wax, or some combination thereof.

[0376] Clause 199: The protected substrate of any one of clauses 99 to 198, wherein the coating composition is dispersed in an aqueous medium.

[0377] Clause 200: The protected substrate of clause 199, wherein the aqueous medium comprises water in an amount in the range of 50% by weight to 80% by weight, such as in the range of 50% by weight to 75% by weight, such as in the range of 50% by weight to 70% by weight, such as in the range of 55% by weight to 70% by weight, such as in the range of 60% by weight to 70% by weight, such as in the range of 60% by weight to 65% by weight, based on the total liquid weight of the medium.

[0378] Clause 201: A protected substrate according to any of clauses 199 to 200, wherein the aqueous medium comprises a solvent in an amount of greater than 0% to 50% by weight, based on the total liquid weight of the medium, for example in the range of 0.5% to 25% by weight, for example in the range of 0.5% to 15% by weight, for example in the range of 1% to 10% by weight, for example in the range of 1% to 5% by weight.

[0379] Clause 202: The protected substrate of clause 201, wherein the solvent comprises a glycol, an alcohol, a glycol ether alcohol, a volatile ketone, a glycol diether, an ester, an amine, a diester, an aromatic hydrocarbon, an aliphatic hydrocarbon, a pyrrolidone, or a combination thereof.

[0380] Clause 203: The protective substrate of any of clauses 99-202, wherein the coating composition comprises a one-component coating composition.

[0381] Clause 204: The protective substrate of any of clauses 99-203, wherein the coating composition comprises a two-component coating composition.

[0382] Clause 205. The protective substrate of any of clauses 99-204, wherein the coating composition further comprises a plasticizer.

[0383] Clause 206: The protective substrate of clause 205, wherein the plasticizer comprises an oil, a wax, a glycol, or a combination thereof.

[0384] Clause 207. The protective substrate of clause 206, wherein the plasticizer comprises cottonseed oil, epoxidized soybean oil, canola oil, carnauba wax, paraffin wax, microcrystalline wax, polyethylene glycol, and polypropylene glycol, and combinations thereof.

[0385] Clause 208. A protective substrate according to any of clauses 205 to 207, wherein the coating composition comprises a plasticizer in an amount in the range of 1% by weight to 50% by weight, for example in the range of 4% by weight to 40% by weight, for example in the range of 110% by weight to 30% by weight, based on the total components of the coating composition.

[0386] Clause 209. The protective substrate of any of clauses 99-208, wherein the coating composition further comprises a viscosity modifier.

[0387] Clause 210. The protected substrate of clause 209, wherein the coating composition comprises a viscosity modifier in an amount ranging from 0.05% to 20% by weight, or from 0.1% to 15% by weight, or from 0.1% to 10% by weight, based on the total components of the coating composition.

[0388] Clause 211. A protective substrate according to any one of clauses 99 to 210, wherein the coating composition further comprises a hydrophobic agent.

[0389] Clause 212. A protected substrate according to clause 211, wherein the coating composition comprises a hydrophobizing agent in an amount in the range of 0.5% by weight to 70% by weight, such as in the range of 1% by weight to 65% by weight, for example in the range of 1% by weight to 60% by weight, based on the total components of the coating composition.

[0390] Clause 213. The protected substrate of any of clauses 99 to 212, wherein the coating composition further comprises a crosslinking agent.

[0391] Clause 214: The protected substrate of clause 213, wherein the crosslinking agent comprises polyaziridine, polycarbodiimide, epoxy silane, melamine, polyisocyanate, or a combination thereof.

[0392] Clause 215: The protected substrate of any one of clauses 213-214, wherein the crosslinking agent comprises polyaziridine.

[0393] Clause 216. The protected substrate of any one of clauses 213 to 215, wherein the crosslinking agent comprises trimethylolpropane tris(2-methyl-1-aziridinepropionate).

[0394] Clause 217. A protected substrate according to any of clauses 213 to 216, wherein the coating composition comprises a crosslinker in an amount ranging from 0.05% to 30% by weight, such as from 0.1% to 20% by weight, for example from 0.1% to 10% by weight, based on the total components of the coating composition.

[0395] Clause 218. The protective substrate of any of clauses 99-217, wherein the coating composition comprises a dual cure coating composition.

[0396] Clause 219: A method of protecting a substrate, comprising: providing a planar substrate including a surface; applying a material that forms a temporary protective layer on at least a first portion of the surface; adhering a first temporary protective sheet onto a second portion of the surface, wherein a portion of the first temporary protective sheet overlaps the first portion of the temporary protective layer; and adhering a second temporary protective sheet onto the second portion of the temporary protective layer and onto a third portion of the surface, wherein an overlap is formed between the first temporary protective sheet and the second temporary protective sheet, and a gap is defined by the overlap between the second temporary protective sheet and the surface.

[0397] Clause 220. The method of clause 219, wherein the material is applied onto at least a first portion of the surface by spray coating, curtain coating, powder coating, brush coating, roll coating, inkjet printing, or some combination thereof.

[0398] Clause 221. The method of clause 219 or 220, wherein the material is an emulsion comprising a hydrophobic material, water, and a surfactant.

[0399] Clause 222: The method of clause 221, wherein the surfactant is non-ionic.

[0400] Clause 223. The method of any of clauses 219-221, further comprising heating the material to a temperature to form a molten liquid prior to applying the material.

[0401] Clause 224. The method of clause 223, wherein the material is thermoplastic or thermosetting.

[0402] Clause 225. The method of clause 223 or 224, wherein the material is applied to the first portion of the surface at a temperature above the melting point of the material.

[0403] Clause 226: The method of any of clauses 223-225, wherein the molten liquid is applied to the first portion of the surface by bubbling a gas through the molten liquid.

[0404] Clause 227: The method of clause 226, wherein the gas comprises an inert gas.

[0405] Clause 228: The method of any of clauses 219 to 227, wherein the material comprises a hydrophobic material dissolved in a solvent.

[0406] Clause 229: The method of any of clauses 219-228, wherein the material comprises a UV curable material or a heat curable material, and the applied material is exposed to a UV source or heat to crosslink the applied material.

[0407] Clause 230. The method of any of clauses 219-229, wherein the material comprises a two-component resin, and upon application of the material, the components of the resin react to crosslink the resin.

[0408] Clause 231: The method of any of clauses 219-230, further comprising removing the temporary protective layer by burning, vaporizing, removing with a solvent, or stripping.

[0409] Clause 232. The method of any one of clauses 219 to 231, wherein the planar substrate comprises glass.

[0410] Clause 233. The method of any of clauses 219-232, wherein the planar substrate comprises metal or wood.

[0411] Clause 234. The method of any of clauses 219 to 233, wherein the planar substrate comprises a functional coating disposed on the surface and between the surface and the temporary protective layer.

[0412] Clause 235. The method of clause 234, wherein the functional coating comprises a low-E coating.

[0413] Clause 236: The method of any of clauses 219 to 235, wherein the temporary protective layer comprises a polyurethane layer, an epoxide layer, or a combination thereof.

[0414] Clause 237. The method of clause 236, wherein the polyurethane layer comprises a water-based polyurethane, a polyurethane formed from a two-component system, or a combination thereof.

[0415] Clause 238. The method of clauses 236-237, wherein the epoxide layer comprises an epoxy-functional polymeric material.

[0416] Clause 239. The method of any of clauses 219 to 238, wherein the material is applied so that the formed temporary protective layer has a thickness of at least 10 nm and up to 5,000 μm.

[0417] Clause 240: A method according to any of clauses 219 to 239, wherein the first temporary protective sheet and / or the second temporary protective sheet are configured to be removed from the protective substrate, and removal of the first temporary protective sheet and / or the second temporary protective sheet from the protective substrate does not peel off a majority of the temporary protective layer from the surface.

[0418] Clause 241: The method of any of clauses 219 to 240, wherein the material comprises a melting point of at least 60°C.

[0419] Clause 242. The method of any of clauses 219 to 241, wherein the material comprises a hydrophobic material.

[0420] Clause 243. The method of any of clauses 219 to 242, wherein the temporary protective layer is water impermeable.

[0421] Clause 244. The method of any of clauses 219-243, wherein the temporary protective layer provides increased corrosion protection to the substrate compared to the same substrate without the temporary protective layer.

[0422] Clause 245. The method of any of clauses 219 to 244, further comprising applying tape over a portion of the first temporary protection sheet and the second temporary protection sheet.

[0423] Clause 246. The method of any of clauses 219-245, wherein the temporary protective layer further comprises additional components including a plasticizer, a crosslinker, a viscosity modifier, a corrosion inhibitor, an infrared (IR) absorber, an adhesion modifier, an ultraviolet absorber, a pigment, a surfactant, a hydrophobic agent, or a combination thereof.

[0424] Clause 247: The method of any of clauses 219 to 246, wherein the temporary protective layer comprises a thermosetting resin system.

[0425] Clause 248: The method of any of clauses 219 to 247, wherein the temporary protective layer is UV curable.

[0426] Clause 249: A method for protecting a substrate, comprising: providing a planar substrate having a surface; applying a material that forms a temporary protective layer on at least a first portion of the surface; adhering a first temporary protective sheet on a second portion of the surface; and adhering a second temporary protective sheet on a third portion of the surface, wherein a space is formed between the first temporary protective sheet and the second temporary protective sheet, the space being on the first portion of the surface, and the temporary protective layer being located directly below the first and / or second protective sheet and disposed between the substrate and the first and / or second temporary protective sheet.

[0427] Clause 250: The method of clause 249, further comprising applying tape over the first portion of the surface, over the portion of the first temporary protective sheet, and over the portion of the second temporary protective sheet.

[0428] Clause 251: The method of clause 250, wherein the tape is placed on the temporary protective layer.

[0429] Clause 252. The method of clause 251, wherein a gap is defined between a portion of the tape and a portion of the temporary protective layer.

[0430] Clause 253: The method of any of clauses 249-252, wherein the material is applied onto at least a first portion of the surface by spray coating, curtain coating, powder coating, brush coating, roll coating, inkjet printing, or some combination thereof.

[0431] Clause 254: A method according to any one of clauses 249 to 253, wherein the material is an emulsion comprising a hydrophobic material, water, and a surfactant.

[0432] Clause 255. The method according to Clause 254, wherein the surfactant is non-ionic.

[0433] Clause 256: The method of any of clauses 249-255, further comprising heating the material to a temperature to form a molten liquid before applying the material.

[0434] Clause 257. The method of clause 256, wherein the material is thermoplastic or thermosetting.

[0435] Clause 258: The method of clause 256 or 257, wherein the material is applied to the first portion of the surface at a temperature above the melting point of the material.

[0436] Clause 259. The method of any of clauses 256-258, wherein the molten liquid is applied to the first portion of the surface by bubbling a gas through the molten liquid.

[0437] Clause 260. The method of clause 259, wherein the gas comprises an inert gas.

[0438] Clause 261: A method according to any one of clauses 249 to 260, wherein the material comprises a hydrophobic material dissolved in a solvent.

[0439] Clause 262: A method according to any of clauses 249 to 261, wherein the material comprises a UV curable material or a heat curable material, and the applied material is exposed to a UV source or heat to crosslink the applied material.

[0440] Clause 263: The method of any of clauses 249 to 262, wherein the material comprises a two-component resin, and upon application of the material, the components of the resin react to crosslink the resin.

[0441] Clause 264: The method of any of clauses 249-263, further comprising removing the temporary protective layer by burning, vaporizing, removing with a solvent, or stripping.

[0442] Clause 265. The method of any one of claims 249-264, wherein the planar substrate comprises glass.

[0443] Clause 266: The method of any of clauses 249 to 265, wherein the planar substrate comprises metal or wood.

[0444] Clause 267: A method according to any of clauses 249 to 266, wherein the planar substrate comprises a functional coating disposed on the surface and between the surface and the temporary protective layer.

[0445] Clause 268: The method of clause 267, wherein the functional coating comprises a low-E coating.

[0446] Clause 270: The method of any of clauses 249 to 268, wherein the temporary protective layer comprises a polyurethane layer, an epoxide layer, or a combination thereof.

[0447] Clause 271. The method of clause 270, wherein the polyurethane layer comprises a water-based polyurethane, a polyurethane formed from a two-component system, or a combination thereof.

[0448] Clause 272. The method of clauses 270-271, wherein the epoxide layer comprises an epoxy-functional polymeric material.

[0449] Clause 273: The method of any of clauses 249 to 272, wherein the material is applied such that the formed temporary protective layer has a thickness of at least 10 nm and up to 5,000 μm.

[0450] Clause 274. A method according to any of clauses 249 to 273, wherein the first temporary protective sheet and / or the second temporary protective sheet are configured to be removable from the protective substrate, and removal of the first temporary protective sheet and / or the second temporary protective sheet from the protective substrate does not peel off a majority of the temporary protective layer from the surface.

[0451] Clause 275: The method of any of clauses 249 to 274, wherein the material comprises a melting point of at least 60°C.

[0452] Clause 276. The method of any one of claims 249-275, wherein the material comprises a hydrophobic material.

[0453] Clause 277. The method of any one of clauses 249 to 276, wherein the temporary protective layer is water impermeable.

[0454] Clause 278: The method of any of clauses 249 to 277, wherein the temporary protective layer provides increased corrosion protection to the substrate compared to the same substrate without the temporary protective layer.

[0455] Clause 279. The method of any of clauses 249-278, wherein the temporary protective layer further comprises additional components including a plasticizer, a crosslinker, a viscosity modifier, a corrosion inhibitor, an infrared (IR) absorber, an adhesion modifier, an ultraviolet absorber, a pigment, a surfactant, a hydrophobic agent, or a combination thereof.

[0456] Clause 280. The method of any of clauses 249-279, wherein the temporary protective layer comprises a thermosetting resin system.

[0457] Clause 281. The method of any of clauses 249 to 280, wherein the temporary protective layer is UV curable.

[0458] Clause 282: A method for protecting a substrate, comprising: providing a planar substrate including a surface; applying a material that forms a temporary protective layer on at least a first portion of the surface; adhering a first temporary protective sheet onto a second portion of the surface, wherein a portion of the first temporary protective sheet overlaps the first portion of the temporary protective layer; and adhering a second temporary protective sheet onto the second portion of the temporary protective layer and onto a third portion of the surface, wherein an overlap is formed between the first temporary protective sheet and the second temporary protective sheet, and a gap is defined by the overlap between the second temporary protective sheet and the surface.

[0459] Clause 283. A method of removing a temporary protective layer from a coated substrate, comprising: providing a protected substrate comprising: a surface; a temporary protective layer disposed on at least a portion of the surface; a first temporary protective sheet disposed on at least a first portion of the surface; and a second temporary protective sheet disposed on at least a second portion of the surface, an overlapping portion of the second temporary protective sheet overlapping at an overlapping portion with the overlapping portion of the first temporary protective sheet, and wherein a gap is defined by the overlap between the second temporary protective sheet and the portion of the surface, and a portion of the temporary protective layer is disposed between the second temporary protective sheet and the portion of the surface; removing the first temporary protective sheet and / or the temporary protective sheet by peeling; and removing the temporary protective layer from the surface by burning, vaporizing, removing with a solvent, or peeling the temporary protective layer to form an unprotected substrate.

[0460] Clause 284: The method of clause 283, wherein the protective substrate is heated to a temperature of up to 1000°C to remove the temporary protective layer from the surface.

[0461] Clause 285: A protective substrate described in any of clauses 219 to 284, wherein the temporary protective layer comprises a polyurethane layer formed from a coating composition comprising an aqueous polyurethane, a polyurethane formed from a two-component system, or a combination thereof.

[0462] Clause 286. The method of Clause 285, wherein the temporary protective layer comprises a polyurethane layer formed from a coating composition comprising a polyurethane polymer.

[0463] Clause 287. The method of clause 286, wherein the polyurethane polymer comprises an oil-modified polyurethane polymer.

[0464] Clause 288: The method of any of clauses 285-287, wherein the polyurethane layer is formed from a coating composition comprising a polyurethane polymer formed from a mixture of reactants comprising at least one polyol; and a polyisocyanate.

[0465] Clause 289. The method of Clause 288, wherein the at least one polyol comprises an oil polyol.

[0466] Clause 290: The method of Clause 289, wherein the oil polyol is formed from a mixture of reactants comprising at least one unsaturated oil and / or fatty acid; and at least one polyol.

[0467] Clause 291. The method of clause 290, wherein the at least one unsaturated oil and / or fatty acid used to form the oil polyol comprises palm oil, soybean oil, sunflower seed oil, peanut oil, cottonseed oil, rapeseed oil, coconut oil, palm kernel oil, olive oil, corn oil, grapeseed oil, hazelnut oil, linseed oil, sesame oil, avocado oil, hemp seed oil, tang oil, rapeseed oil, safflower oil, tall oil, sunflower oil, poppy seed oil, perilla oil, walnut oil, castor oil, sardine oil, ricinoleic acid, eleostearic acid, linoleic acid, palmitoleic acid, arachidonic acid, or a combination thereof.

[0468] Clause 292: The method of any of clauses 290 to 291, wherein the unsaturated oil and / or fatty acid has an iodine value in the range of 70 to 250, such as in the range of 80 to 225, such as in the range of 90 to 210, such as in the range of 100 to 200.

[0469] Clause 293. The method of any of clauses 289 to 292, wherein the mixture of reactants used to form the oil polyol comprises unsaturated oil and / or fatty acid in an amount in the range of 80% to 97% by weight, such as 85% to 96% by weight, for example 90% to 95% by weight, based on the total solids weight of the mixture of reactants used to form the oil polyol.

[0470] Clause 294. The method of any of clauses 289-293, wherein at least one polyol used to form the oil polyol comprises cyclohexanedimethanol, bisphenol A, glycerin, trimethylolpropane, trimethylolethane, pentaerythritol, sorbitol, neopentyl glycol, 1,6-hexanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,3-butylene glycol, 1,3-propanediol, dipropylene glycol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, ethylene glycol, or a combination thereof.

[0471] Clause 295. The method of any of clauses 289 to 294, wherein the at least one polyol used to form the oil polyol comprises at least two polyols, such as at least three polyols, such as at least four polyols.

[0472] Clause 296. The method of any of clauses 289 to 295, wherein the mixture of reactants used to form the oil polyol comprises at least one polyol in an amount in the range of 1% to 25% by weight, such as in the range of 2% to 20% by weight, such as in the range of 3% to 15% by weight, for example in the range of 5% to 10% by weight, based on the total solids weight of the mixture of reactants used to form the oil polyol.

[0473] Clause 297. The method of any of clauses 289-296, wherein the mixture of reactants used to form the oil polyol further comprises a catalyst.

[0474] Item 298. The method of item 297, wherein the catalyst used to form the oil polyol comprises 1,5,7-triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-ene, zinc acetate, calcium naphthenate, zinc naphthenate, barium naphthenate, lithium iron naphthenate neodecanoate, or a combination thereof.

[0475] Clause 299: The method of any of clauses 297-298, wherein the mixture of reactants used to form the oil polyol comprises a catalyst in an amount in the range of greater than 0 wt.% to 2 wt.%, for example in the range of greater than 0 wt.% to 1 wt.%, for example in the range of 0.01 wt.% to 2 wt.%, for example in the range of 0.01 wt.% to 1 wt.%, based on the total solids weight of the mixture of reactants used to form the oil polyol.

[0476] Clause 300: The method of any of clauses 289 to 299, wherein the oil polyol comprises at least three hydroxyl groups, such as at least four hydroxyl groups, for example at least five hydroxyl groups, for example at least 10 hydroxyl groups, for example at least 15 hydroxyl groups, for example at least 20 hydroxyl groups.

[0477] Clause 301: The method of any of clauses 289 to 300, wherein the oil polyol comprises at least one ethylenically unsaturated group, such as at least two ethylenically unsaturated groups, such as at least three ethylenically unsaturated groups, such as at least five ethylenically unsaturated groups.

[0478] Clause 302. The method of any of clauses 289 to 301, characterized in that the oil polyol does not contain additional functional groups.

[0479] Clause 303. The method of any of clauses 289 to 302, wherein the oil polyol comprises a hydroxyl number in the range of 70 KOH / mg to 250 KOH / mg, such as 80 KOH / mg to 200 KOH / mg, such as 90 KOH / mg to 180 KOH / mg, such as 100 KOH / mg to 150 KOH / mg.

[0480] Clause 304: The method of any of clauses 289 to 303, comprising including an oil polyol in an amount in the range of 30% by weight to 65% by weight, such as in the range of 35% by weight to 60% by weight, such as in the range of 40% by weight to 55% by weight, such as in the range of 45% by weight to 50% by weight, based on the total solids weight of the mixture of reactants used to form the polyurethane polymer.

[0481] Clause 305: The method of any of clauses 288-304, wherein at least one polyol used to form the polyurethane polymer comprises a polyester polyol.

[0482] Clause 306. The method of clause 305, wherein the polyester polyol is formed from a mixture of reactants comprising at least one polyol; and at least one polyacid.

[0483] Clause 307: The method of clause 306, wherein the at least one polyol used to form the polyester polyol comprises dimethyl carbonate, caprolactone, cyclohexanedimethanol, bisphenol A, glycerin, trimethylolpropane, trimethylolethane, pentaerythritol, sorbitol, neopentyl glycol, 1,6-hexanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,3-butylene glycol, 1,3-propanediol, dipropylene glycol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, and ethylene glycol, or a combination thereof.

[0484] Clause 308: The method of any of clauses 306-307, wherein the at least one polyol used to form the polyester polyol comprises at least two polyols, such as at least three polyols, such as at least four polyols.

[0485] Clause 309: The method of any of clauses 306 to 308, comprising at least one polyol in an amount in the range of 50% to 80% by weight, or in the range of 55% to 80% by weight, or in the range of 60% to 78% by weight, or in the range of 65% to 75% by weight, based on the total solids weight of the mixture of reactants used to form the polyester polyol.

[0486] Clause 310. The method of any of clauses 306-309, wherein the at least one polyacid used to form the polyester polyol comprises oxalic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, isophthalic acid, phthalic acid, trimellitic acid, maleic anhydride, phthalic anhydride, trimellitic anhydride, or a combination thereof.

[0487] Clause 311. The method of any of clauses 306-310, wherein the mixture of reactants used to form the polyester polyol comprises at least one polyacid in an amount in the range of 20% to 50% by weight, or in the range of 20% to 45% by weight, or in the range of 23% to 40% by weight, or in the range of 25% to 35% by weight, based on the total solids weight of the mixture of reactants used to form the polyester polyol.

[0488] Clause 312: The method of any of Clauses 305 to 311, wherein the polyester polyol comprises an aliphatic polyester polyol.

[0489] Clause 313: Polyester polyol is C2-C 25 Carbon chains, e.g., C5-C 20 Carbon chains, e.g., C8-C 18 Carbon chains, e.g., C 10 -C 14313. The method of any of clauses 305 to 312, comprising a carbon chain.

[0490] Clause 314. The method of any of clauses 305 to 313, wherein the polyester polyol comprises at least one ester bond, such as at least two ester bonds, for example at least three ester bonds, such as at least four ester bonds, for example at least five ester bonds.

[0491] Clause 315. The method of any of clauses 305 to 314, wherein the polyester polyol comprises at least two hydroxyl groups, such as at least three hydroxyl groups, for example at least four hydroxyl groups, for example at least five hydroxyl groups, such as at least 10 hydroxyl groups, for example at least 15 hydroxyl groups, for example at least 30 hydroxyl groups.

[0492] Clause 316. The method of any of clauses 305-315, wherein the polyester polyol does not contain additional functional groups.

[0493] Clause 317. The method of any one of clauses 305 to 316, wherein the polyester polyol has a hydroxyl number in the range of 70 KOH / mg to 250 KOH / mg, such as in the range of 80 KOH / mg to 200 KOH / mg, such as in the range of 90 KOH / mg to 180 KOH / mg, for example in the range of 100 KOH / mg to 150 KOH / mg.

[0494] Clause 318. The method of any of clauses 305-317, wherein the mixture of reactants used to form the polyurethane polymer comprises polyester polyol in an amount in the range of from greater than 0 wt.% to 20 wt.%, for example in the range of from 1 wt.% to 15 wt.%, for example in the range of from 3 wt.% to 12 wt.%, for example in the range of from 5 wt.% to 10 wt.%, based on the total solids weight of the mixture of reactants used to form the polyurethane polymer.

[0495] Clause 319: The method of any of clauses 288-318, wherein at least one polyol used to form the polyurethane polymer comprises a polyether polyol.

[0496] Clause 320. The method of clause 319, wherein the polyether polyol comprises an aliphatic polyether polyol.

[0497] Clause 321. The method of any of clauses 319-320, wherein the polyether polyol comprises an ethylene-based or propylene-based polyether polyol.

[0498] Clause 322. The method of any of clauses 319-321, wherein the polyether polyol comprises ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, tetrahydrofuran, neopentyl glycol, 1,6-hexanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,3-butylene glycol, 1,3-propanediol, dipropylene glycol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, ethylene glycol, or a combination thereof.

[0499] Clause 323: The method of any of clauses 319 to 322, wherein the polyether polyol comprises at least one ether bond, such as at least two ether bonds, for example at least three ether bonds, such as at least four ether bonds, for example at least five ether bonds.

[0500] Clause 324. The method of any one of clauses 319 to 323, wherein the polyether polyol comprises at least two hydroxyl groups, such as at least three hydroxyl groups, for example at least four hydroxyl groups, for example at least five hydroxyl groups, such as at least 10 hydroxyl groups, for example at least 15 hydroxyl groups, for example at least 30 hydroxyl groups.

[0501] Clause 325. The method of any of clauses 319-324, wherein the polyether polyol does not contain additional functional groups.

[0502] Clause 326. The method of any one of clauses 319 to 325, wherein the polyether polyol has a hydroxyl value in the range of 70 KOH / mg to 250 KOH / mg, such as in the range of 80 KOH / mg to 200 KOH / mg, such as in the range of 90 KOH / mg to 180 KOH / mg, for example in the range of 100 KOH / mg to 150 KOH / mg.

[0503] Clause 327. The method of any of clauses 319 to 326, comprising including polyether polyol in an amount in the range of from greater than 0% to 15% by weight, such as in the range of from 0.1% to 10% by weight, such as in the range of from 0.5% to 8% by weight, such as in the range of from 1% to 5% by weight, based on the total solids weight of the mixture of reactants used to form the polyurethane polymer.

[0504] Clause 328: The method of any of Clauses 288 to 328, wherein at least one polyol used to form the polyurethane polymer comprises an acid-functional polyol.

[0505] Clause 329: The method of Clause 328, wherein the acid functional polyol comprises an aliphatic acid functional polyol.

[0506] Clause 330: The method of any of clauses 328-329, wherein the acid functional polyol comprises 2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propionic acid, 2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)butanoic acid, 2,3-dihydroxypropanoic acid, 2,2-dihydroxypropanedioic acid, 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid, or a combination thereof.

[0507] Clause 331. The method of any of clauses 328 to 330, wherein the acid functional polyol comprises at least one carboxylic acid group, such as at least two carboxylic acid groups, such as at least three carboxylic acid groups, such as at least four carboxylic acid groups, for example at least five carboxylic acid groups.

[0508] Clause 332: The method of any of clauses 328 to 331, wherein the acid functional polyol comprises at least two hydroxyl groups, such as at least three hydroxyl groups, for example at least four hydroxyl groups, such as at least five hydroxyl groups, for example at least 10 hydroxyl groups, such as at least 15 hydroxyl groups, for example at least 30 hydroxyl groups.

[0509] Clause 333: The method of any of clauses 328 to 332, wherein the acid functional polyol does not contain additional functional groups.

[0510] Clause 334. The method of any of clauses 328 to 333, wherein the mixture of reactants used to form the polyurethane polymer comprises the acid functional polyol in an amount of from greater than 0% to 20% by weight, such as in the range of from 1% to 15% by weight, such as in the range of from 3% to 12% by weight, such as in the range of from 5% to 10% by weight, based on the total solids weight of the mixture of reactants used to form the polyurethane polymer.

[0511] Clause 335. The method of any of clauses 288 to 334, wherein the polyisocyanate comprises an aliphatic polyisocyanate.

[0512] Clause 336: The method of any one of clauses 288 to 335, wherein the polyisocyanate comprises a cycloaliphatic polyisocyanate.

[0513] Clause 337: The method of any one of Clauses 288 to 336, wherein the polyisocyanate comprises an aromatic polyisocyanate.

[0514] Clause 338. The method of any of paragraphs 288-337, wherein the polyisocyanate comprises metaphenylene diisocyanate, paraphenylene diisocyanate, 2,6-toluene diisocyanate, 2,4-toluene diisocyanate, xylylene diisocyanate, 4,4-biphenylene diisocyanate, 4,4-methylene diphenyl isocyanate, 1,5-naphthylene diisocyanate, 1,4-tetramethylene diisocyanate, 11,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate, 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,6-diisocyanatohexane, 1,10-decamethylene diisocyanate, 1,4-cyclohexylene diisocyanate, 4,4-methylenebis(isocyanatocyclohexane), 1-isocyanato-3-isocyanatomethyl-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohexane, or a combination thereof.

[0515] Clause 339: The method of any of clauses 288 to 338, wherein the polyisocyanate comprises a blocked polyisocyanate.

[0516] Clause 340: The method of clause 339, wherein the blocked polyisocyanate comprises a blocking agent; wherein the blocking agent comprises an amide, a phenol, a caprolactam, a uredione, or a combination thereof.

[0517] Clause 341: The method of any of clauses 288 to 340, wherein the polyisocyanate comprises at least two isocyanate functional groups, such as at least three isocyanate functional groups, such as at least four isocyanate groups, such as at least five isocyanate groups.

[0518] Clause 342: The method of any of clauses 288 to 341, characterized in that the polyisocyanate does not contain additional functional groups.

[0519] Clause 343. The method of any of clauses 288 to 342, wherein the polyisocyanate has an isocyanate equivalent weight in the range of 80 g / eq to 225 g / eq, such as in the range of 90 g / eq to 200 g / eq, for example in the range of 100 g / eq to 190 g / eq, for example in the range of 110 g / eq to 175 g / eq.

[0520] Clause 344: A method according to any of paragraphs 288 to 343, wherein the mixture of reactants used to form the polyurethane polymer comprises polyisocyanate in an amount in the range of 15% to 55% by weight, such as in the range of 20% to 50% by weight, such as in the range of 25% to 45% by weight, such as in the range of 30% to 40% by weight, based on the total solids weight of the mixture of reactants used to form the polyurethane polymer.

[0521] Clause 345: The method of any of clauses 319 to 344, wherein the mixture of reactants used to form the polyurethane polymer comprises a ratio of polyester polyol to polyether polyol in the range of 10:1 to 1:1, such as in the range of 8:1 to 2:1, such as in the range of 7:1 to 3:1, such as in the range of 6:1 to 4:1.

[0522] Clause 346: The method of any of clauses 328 to 345, wherein the mixture of reactants used to form the polyurethane polymer comprises a ratio of polyester polyol to acid functional polyol in the range of 2:1 to 1:2, such as in the range of 1.75:1 to 1:1.5, such as in the range of 1.4:1 to 1.2:1.

[0523] Clause 347: The method of any of clauses 289 to 346, wherein the mixture of reactants used to form the polyurethane polymer comprises a ratio of oil polyol to polyisocyanate in the range of 2:1 to 1:1.25, such as in the range of 1.75:1 to 1:1, such as in the range of 1.5:1 to 1:1, for example in the range of 1.3:1 to 1:2:1.

[0524] Clause 348: The method of any of clauses 286 to 347, wherein the polyurethane polymer comprises at least one urethane linkage, such as at least two urethane linkages, for example at least three urethane linkages, for example at least five urethane linkages, for example at least 10 urethane linkages, for example at least 20 urethane linkages.

[0525] Clause 349: The method of any of clauses 286 to 348, wherein the polyurethane polymer contains at least one ester bond, such as at least two ester bonds, such as at least three ester bonds, such as at least five ester bonds.

[0526] Clause 350: The method of any of clauses 286 to 349, wherein the polyurethane polymer contains at least one ether bond, such as at least two ether bonds, such as at least three ether bonds, such as at least five ether bonds.

[0527] Clause 351: The method of any of clauses 286 to 350, wherein the polyurethane polymer comprises at least one urea bond, such as at least two urea bonds, such as at least three urea bonds, such as at least five urea bonds.

[0528] Clause 352. The method of any of clauses 286 to 351, wherein the polyurethane polymer comprises at least one ethylenically unsaturated group, such as at least two ethylenically unsaturated groups, such as at least three ethylenically unsaturated groups, such as at least five ethylenically unsaturated groups.

[0529] Clause 353: The method of Clause 352, wherein the ethylenically unsaturated groups are pendant from the backbone of the polyurethane polymer.

[0530] Clause 354: The ethylenically unsaturated group is C5-C 30 On the carbon chain, e.g., C8-C 25 On the carbon chain, e.g., C 10 -C 20354. The method of any of clauses 352-353, provided on the carbon chain.

[0531] Clause 355. The method of any of clauses 286 to 354, wherein the polyurethane polymer comprises at least one carboxylic acid group, such as at least two carboxylic acid groups, such as at least three carboxylic acid groups, such as at least five carboxylic acid groups.

[0532] Clause 356: The method of Clause 355, wherein the carboxylic acid groups are pendant from the backbone of the polyurethane polymer.

[0533] Article 357. Carboxylic acid functional group is C2-C 10 357. The method of any of clauses 355-356, wherein the carbon chain is provided on a carbon chain, such as a C2-C8 carbon chain, such as a C2-C5 carbon chain, such as a C2-C3 carbon chain.

[0534] Clause 358. A method according to any one of clauses 286 to 357, wherein the polyurethane polymer has a weight average molecular weight in the range of 5,000 g / mol to 60,000 g / mol, such as in the range of 10,000 g / mol to 50,000 g / mol, for example in the range of 15,000 g / mol to 45,000 g / m, for example in the range of 20,000 g / mol to 40,000 g / m.

[0535] Clause 360. The method of any of clauses 286 to 358, wherein the polyurethane polymer has a glass transition temperature in the range of -30°C to 20°C, such as in the range of -20°C to 10°C, such as in the range of -10°C to 0°C.

[0536] Clause 361. The method of any of clauses 286 to 360, wherein the polyurethane polymer has a viscosity in the range of 15 cps to 225 cps, such as in the range of 20 cps to 200 cps, for example in the range of 25 cps to 175 cps.

[0537] Clause 362. The method of any of clauses 286-361, wherein the polyurethane polymer has an acid number in the range of greater than 0 KOH / mg to 45 KOH / mg, such as in the range of 1 KOH / mg to 40 KOH / mg, such as in the range of 3 KOH / mg to 35 KOH / mg, such as in the range of 5 KOH / mg to 30 KOH / mg.

[0538] Clause 363. The method of any of clauses 286 to 362, wherein the polyurethane polymer comprises at least three, such as at least four, for example at least five, such as at least six, for example at least seven, for example at least eight different hydrocarbon chains in the backbone of the polyurethane polymer.

[0539] Clause 364. Polyurethane polymers are C5 or higher, e.g. C8 or higher, e.g. C 10 For example, C 15 For example, C 20 The method of any of clauses 286 to 363, comprising the above hydrocarbon chain.

[0540] Clause 365. The method of any of clauses 286 to 364, wherein the polyurethane polymer is a copolymer.

[0541] Clause 366: The method of any of Clauses 286 to 365, wherein the polyurethane polymer is formed via step-growth polymerization.

[0542] Clause 367. The method of any of clauses 286 to 366, wherein the polyurethane polymer is formed via condensation polymerization.

[0543] Clause 368. The method of any of clauses 286-367, wherein the coating composition comprises a polyurethane dispersion comprising a polyurethane polymer.

[0544] Clause 369. The method of clause 368, wherein the polyurethane dispersion comprises the polyurethane polymer in an amount in the range of 15% to 50% by weight, such as in the range of 25% to 45% by weight, such as in the range of 30% to 40% by weight, for example in the range of 30% to 35% by weight, based on the total weight of the polyurethane dispersion.

[0545] Clause 370. The method of any of clauses 368-369, wherein the polyurethane dispersion further comprises a neutralizing amine.

[0546] Clause 371: The method of Clause 370, wherein the neutralizing amine comprises ammonium hydroxide, dimethylamine, trimethylamine, triethylamine, monoethanolamine, diisopropanolamine, diethanolamine, dimethylethanolamine, or a combination thereof.

[0547] Clause 372: The method of any one of clauses 370 to 371, wherein the polyurethane dispersion comprises neutralizing amine in an amount in the range of from greater than 0 wt% to 10 wt%, for example in the range of from 0.1 wt% to 8 wt%, for example in the range of from 0.5 wt% to 5 wt%, for example in the range of from 1 wt% to 2 wt%, based on the total weight of the polyurethane dispersion.

[0548] Clause 373: The method of any of Clauses 368 to 372, wherein the polyurethane dispersion further comprises a chain extender.

[0549] Clause 374: The method of Clause 373, wherein the chain extender comprises an amine chain extender.

[0550] Clause 375: The method of Clause 374, wherein the amine chain extender comprises an aliphatic amine chain extender.

[0551] Clause 376: The method of any of clauses 374-375, wherein the amine chain extender comprises 4,4-diaminodicyclohexylmethane, 4,4-diamino-3,3-dimethyldicyclohexylmethane, 1,4-bis((2-amino-2-yl)-cyclohexane, 3,3-dimethyl-4,4-diaminodicyclohexylmethane, 1,3-diaminohexane, 1,4-diaminohexane, diethylenetriamine, dipropylenetriamine, hydrazine, ethylenediamine, 1,2-diaminopropane, 1,3-diaminopropane, 1,6-diaminopropane, 1,3-diamino-2,2-dimethylpropane, isophoronediamine, triethylenetetramine, tripropylenetetramine, tetraethylenepentamine, or a combination thereof.

[0552] Clause 377: The method of any of clauses 375-376, wherein the amine chain extender comprises an amine value in the range of 1,000 KOH / mg to 2,500 KOH / mg, such as in the range of 1,100 KOH / mg to 2,300 KOH / mg, such as in the range of 1,200 KOH / mg to 2,100 KOH / mg, such as in the range of 1,300 KOH / mg to 1,900 KOH / mg.

[0553] Clause 378: The method of any of clauses 375 to 377, wherein the amine chain extender comprises at least two amine groups, such as at least three amine groups, such as at least four amine groups, for example at least five amine groups.

[0554] Clause 379: The method of any of clauses 375 to 378, wherein the amine chain extender comprises up to 10 amine groups, such as up to 8 amine groups, for example up to 6 amine groups.

[0555] Clause 380: The method of any of clauses 375 to 379, wherein the polyurethane dispersion comprises an amine chain extender in an amount in the range of from greater than 0 wt% to 3 wt%, such as from greater than 0 wt% to 2 wt%, for example from greater than 0 wt% to 1 wt%, based on the total weight of the polyurethane dispersion.

[0556] Clause 381. The method of any of clauses 368 to 380, wherein the polyurethane dispersion further comprises water.

[0557] Clause 382: The method of clause 381, wherein the polyurethane dispersion comprises water in an amount in the range of 53% by weight to 75% by weight, such as in the range of 55% by weight to 70% by weight, for example in the range of 60% by weight to 65% by weight, based on the total weight of the polyurethane dispersion.

[0558] Clause 383. The method of any of clauses 285 to 382, ​​wherein the coating composition further comprises an epoxide.

[0559] Clause 384: The method of any of clauses 285 to 383, wherein the coating composition further comprises a wax, an organic oil, a polyolefin, a poly(meth)acrylate, a polyester, an alkene, a polyethylene, a polypropylene, an emulsion thereof, or some combination thereof.

[0560] Clause 385: The method of any of clauses 285 to 384, wherein the coating composition further comprises polylactic acid (PLA), polyethylene carbonate (PEC), polypropylene carbonate (PPC), polycaprolactone, polyoxymethylene, polyethylene, polypropylene, or some combination thereof. The wax may include stearic acid, paraffin, carnauba, microcrystalline wax, polyethylene wax, or some combination thereof.

[0561] Clause 386. The method of any of Clauses 285 to 385, wherein the coating composition is dispersed in an aqueous medium.

[0562] Clause 387: The method according to clause 386, wherein the aqueous medium comprises water in an amount in the range of 50% to 80% by weight, such as in the range of 50% to 75% by weight, for example in the range of 50% to 70% by weight, such as in the range of 55% to 70% by weight, for example in the range of 60% to 70% by weight, such as in the range of 60% to 65% by weight, based on the total liquid weight of said medium.

[0563] Clause 388: A method according to any of clauses 386 to 387, wherein the aqueous medium comprises the solvent in an amount of from greater than 0% to 50% by weight, such as in the range of 0.5% to 25% by weight, for example in the range of 0.5% to 15% by weight, such as in the range of 1% to 10% by weight, for example in the range of 1% to 5% by weight, based on the total liquid weight of the medium.

[0564] Clause 389. The method of clause 388, wherein the solvent comprises a glycol, an alcohol, a glycol ether alcohol, a volatile ketone, a glycol diether, an ester, an amine, a diester, an aromatic hydrocarbon, an aliphatic hydrocarbon, a pyrrolidone, or a combination thereof.

[0565] Clause 390. The method of any of clauses 285 to 389, wherein the coating composition comprises a one-component coating composition.

[0566] Clause 391: The method of any of clauses 285 to 390, wherein the coating composition comprises a two-component coating composition.

[0567] Clause 392: The method of any of clauses 285 to 391, wherein the coating composition further comprises a plasticizer.

[0568] Clause 393. The method of clause 392, wherein the plasticizer comprises an oil, a wax, a glycol, or a combination thereof.

[0569] Clause 394: The method of any of clauses 392 to 393, wherein the plasticizer comprises cottonseed oil, epoxidized soybean oil, canola oil, carnauba wax, paraffin wax, microcrystalline wax, polyethylene glycol, and polypropylene glycol, and combinations thereof.

[0570] Clause 395: A method according to any one of clauses 392 to 394, wherein the coating composition comprises a plasticizer in an amount in the range of 1% by weight to 50% by weight, for example in the range of 4% by weight to 40% by weight, for example in the range of 110% by weight to 30% by weight, based on the total components of the coating composition.

[0571] Clause 396. The method of any of clauses 285 to 395, wherein the coating composition further comprises a viscosity modifier.

[0572] Clause 397: The method of clause 396, wherein the coating composition comprises a viscosity modifier in an amount ranging from 0.05% to 20% by weight, or from 0.1% to 15% by weight, or from 0.1% to 10% by weight, based on the total components of the coating composition.

[0573] Clause 398. The method of any of clauses 285 to 397, wherein the coating composition further comprises a hydrophobic agent.

[0574] Clause 399. The method of clause 398, wherein the coating composition comprises a hydrophobizing agent in an amount in the range of 0.5% by weight to 70% by weight, such as in the range of 1% by weight to 65% by weight, such as in the range of 1% by weight to 60% by weight, based on the total components of the coating composition.

[0575] Clause 400: The method of any of clauses 285-399, wherein the coating composition further comprises a crosslinking agent.

[0576] Clause 401: The method of clause 400, wherein the crosslinking agent comprises a polyaziridine, a polycarbodiimide, an epoxy silane, a melamine, a polyisocyanate, or a combination thereof.

[0577] Clause 402. The method of any of clauses 400-401, wherein the cross-linking agent comprises polyaziridine.

[0578] Clause 403. The method of any of clauses 400-402, wherein the crosslinking agent comprises trimethylolpropane tris(2-methyl-1-aziridinepropionate).

[0579] Clause 404. The method of any of clauses 400 to 403, wherein the coating composition comprises a crosslinker in an amount ranging from 0.05% to 30% by weight, such as from 0.1% to 20% by weight, such as from 0.1% to 10% by weight, based on the total components of the coating composition.

[0580] Clause 405: The method of any of clauses 285 to 404, wherein the coating composition comprises a dual cure coating composition.

[0581] Clause 406: A protective substrate comprising: a planar substrate including a surface; and a burn-off temporary protective layer disposed on at least a portion of the surface, wherein the burn-off temporary protective layer comprises a polyurethane layer, an epoxide layer, or some combination thereof, and wherein the burn-off temporary protective layer is removable by a thermal treatment process that does not substantially damage the surface.

[0582] Clause 407: The protected substrate of clause 406, wherein the burn-off temporary protective layer comprises a polyurethane layer comprising a water-based polyurethane and / or a polyurethane formed from a two-component system, an epoxide layer comprising an epoxy functional polymeric material, or a combination thereof.

[0583] Clause 408: The protective substrate of clause 406 or 407, wherein the burn-off temporary protective layer comprises a thickness of at least 10 nm and up to 5,000 μm.

[0584] Clause 409: The protective substrate of any of clauses 406-408, wherein the planar substrate comprises glass.

[0585] Clause 410: The protective substrate of any of clauses 406-409, wherein the protective substrate does not include a temporary protective sheet disposed on the surface.

[0586] Clause 411. The protection substrate according to any one of clauses 406 to 410, wherein the burn-off temporary protection layer is the outermost layer of the planar substrate.

[0587] Clause 412. A protective substrate according to any of clauses 406-411, wherein a burn-off temporary protective layer is disposed over the entire surface and at least a portion of the edge of the substrate.

[0588] Clause 413: A protection substrate according to any one of clauses 406 to 412, wherein the burn-off temporary protection layer is removable by burning at a temperature of up to 1000°C.

[0589] Clause 414: A protective substrate according to any of clauses 406 to 413, wherein the heat treatment process baking comprises baking the temporary protective layer without substantial damage to the surface.

[0590] Clause 415: A protective substrate described in any of clauses 406 to 414, wherein the heat treatment process does not produce a color change (DECMC) of more than 3 units on the surface compared to the color of an identical substrate without the burn-off temporary protective layer after the heat treatment process.

[0591] Clause 416: The protective substrate of any of clauses 406-415, further comprising a functional coating disposed between the surface and the burn-off temporary protective layer.

[0592] Clause 417: The protective substrate of clause 416, wherein the functional coating comprises a low-E coating layer.

[0593] Clause 418: A protection substrate according to any one of clauses 406 to 417, wherein the burn-off temporary protection layer comprises a material having a melting point of at least 60°C and at most 600°C.

[0594] Clause 419: The protective substrate of any of clauses 406-418, wherein the polyurethane layer comprises a water-based polyurethane, a polyurethane formed from a two-component system, or a combination thereof.

[0595] Clause 420. The protected substrate of any of clauses 406-419, wherein the epoxide layer comprises an epoxy-functional polymeric material.

[0596] Clause 421. The protective substrate of any of clauses 406-420, wherein the burn-off temporary protective layer further comprises additional components including a plasticizer, a crosslinker, a viscosity modifier, a corrosion inhibitor, an infrared (IR) absorber, an adhesion modifier, an ultraviolet absorber, a pigment, a surfactant, a hydrophobic agent, or a combination thereof.

[0597] Clause 422: The protection substrate of any one of clauses 406 to 421, wherein the burn-off temporary protection layer comprises a thermosetting resin system.

[0598] Clause 423: The protective substrate of any of clauses 406 to 422, wherein the burn-off temporary protective layer is UV curable.

[0599] Clause 424: A protective substrate comprising: a planar substrate including a surface; and a burn-off temporary protective layer disposed on at least a portion of the surface, wherein the burn-off temporary protective layer comprises a polyurethane layer, an epoxide layer, or a combination thereof, and wherein the burn-off temporary protective layer is removable by a heat treatment process that does not substantially damage the surface.

[0600] Clause 425: The protective substrate of clause 424, wherein the polyurethane layer comprises a water-based polyurethane, a polyurethane formed from a two-component system, or a combination thereof.

[0601] Clause 426: The protected substrate of any of clauses 424-425, wherein the epoxide layer comprises an epoxy-functional polymeric material.

[0602] Clause 427: The protective substrate of any one of clauses 424 to 426, wherein the burn-off temporary protective layer comprises a protective film.

[0603] Clause 428: A protective substrate described in any one of clauses 406 to 427, wherein the burn-off temporary protective layer comprises a polyurethane layer formed from a coating composition comprising an aqueous polyurethane, a polyurethane formed from a two-component system, or a combination thereof.

[0604] Clause 429: The protective substrate of any of clauses 406-428, wherein the burn-off temporary protective layer comprises a polyurethane layer formed from a coating composition comprising a polyurethane polymer.

[0605] Clause 430. The protective substrate of clause 429, wherein the polyurethane polymer comprises an oil-modified polyurethane polymer.

[0606] Clause 431: A protective substrate described in any of clauses 428 to 430, wherein the polyurethane layer is formed from a coating composition comprising a polyurethane polymer formed from a mixture of reactants comprising at least one polyol; and a polyisocyanate.

[0607] Clause 432: The protected substrate of clause 431, wherein the at least one polyol comprises an oil polyol.

[0608] Clause 433: The protected substrate of Clause 432, wherein the oil polyol is formed from a mixture of reactants comprising at least one unsaturated oil and / or fatty acid; and at least one polyol.

[0609] Clause 434. The protected substrate of clause 433, wherein at least one unsaturated oil and / or fatty acid used to form the oil polyol comprises palm oil, soybean oil, sunflower seed oil, peanut oil, cottonseed oil, rapeseed oil, coconut oil, palm kernel oil, olive oil, corn oil, grapeseed oil, hazelnut oil, linseed oil, sesame oil, avocado oil, hemp seed oil, tuna oil, canola oil, safflower oil, tall oil, sunflower oil, poppy seed oil, perilla oil, walnut oil, castor oil, sardine oil, ricinoleic acid, eleostearic acid, linoleic acid, palmitoleic acid, arachidonic acid, or a combination thereof.

[0610] Clause 435: The protected substrate according to any of clauses 433 to 434, wherein the unsaturated oil and / or fatty acid has an iodine value in the range of 70 to 250, such as in the range of 80 to 225, such as in the range of 90 to 210, such as in the range of 100 to 200.

[0611] Clause 436: A protected substrate according to any of clauses 433 to 435, comprising unsaturated oil and / or fatty acid in an amount in the range of 80% to 97% by weight, such as in the range of 85% to 96% by weight, for example in the range of 90% to 95% by weight, based on the total solids weight of the mixture of reactants used to form the oil polyol.

[0612] Clause 437: The protected substrate of any of clauses 433 to 436, wherein at least one polyol used to form the oil polyol comprises cyclohexanedimethanol, bisphenol A, glycerin, trimethylolpropane, trimethylolethane, pentaerythritol, sorbitol, neopentyl glycol, 1,6-hexanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,3-butylene glycol, 1,3-propanediol, dipropylene glycol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, ethylene glycol, or a combination thereof.

[0613] Clause 438: A protected substrate according to any of clauses 433 to 437, wherein the at least one polyol used to form the oil polyol comprises at least two polyols, such as at least three polyols, for example at least four polyols.

[0614] Clause 439: The protected substrate of any of clauses 433 to 438, wherein the mixture of reactants used to form the oil polyol comprises at least one polyol in an amount in the range of 1 wt % to 25 wt %, for example in the range of 2 wt % to 20 wt %, for example in the range of 3 wt % to 15 wt %, for example in the range of 5 wt % to 10 wt %, based on the total solids weight of the mixture of reactants used to form the oil polyol.

[0615] Clause 440. The protected substrate of any of clauses 433-439, wherein the mixture of reactants used to form the oil polyol further comprises a catalyst.

[0616] Clause 441: The protected substrate of clause 440, wherein the catalyst used to form the oil polyol comprises 1,5,7-triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-ene, zinc acetate, calcium naphthenate, zinc naphthenate, barium naphthenate, lithium iron naphthenate neodecanoate, or a combination thereof.

[0617] Clause 442: The protected substrate of any of clauses 440-441, wherein the mixture of reactants used to form the oil polyol comprises a catalyst in an amount ranging from greater than 0% to 2% by weight, such as greater than 0% to 1% by weight, for example, from 0.01% to 2% by weight, for example, from 0.01% to 1% by weight, based on the total solids weight of the mixture of reactants used to form the oil polyol.

[0618] Clause 443: The protected substrate of any of clauses 432 to 442, wherein the oil polyol comprises at least three hydroxyl groups, such as at least four hydroxyl groups, such as at least five hydroxyl groups, such as at least 10 hydroxyl groups, such as at least 15 hydroxyl groups, such as at least 20 hydroxyl groups.

[0619] Clause 444: A protected substrate according to any of clauses 432 to 443, wherein the oil polyol contains at least one ethylenically unsaturated group, for example at least two ethylenically unsaturated groups, for example at least three ethylenically unsaturated groups, for example at least five ethylenically unsaturated groups.

[0620] Clause 445: A protected substrate according to any one of clauses 432 to 444, wherein the oil polyol does not contain additional functional groups.

[0621] Clause 446: The protected substrate of any of clauses 432 to 445, wherein the oil polyol comprises a hydroxyl number in the range of 70 KOH / mg to 250 KOH / mg, such as 80 KOH / mg to 200 KOH / mg, such as 90 KOH / mg to 180 KOH / mg, such as 100 KOH / mg to 150 KOH / mg.

[0622] Clause 447: The protected substrate of any of clauses 432 to 446, wherein the mixture of reactants used to form the polyurethane polymer comprises an oil polyol in an amount in the range of 30% to 65% by weight, such as in the range of 35% to 60% by weight, such as in the range of 40% to 55% by weight, such as in the range of 45% to 50% by weight, based on the total solids weight of the mixture of reactants used to form the polyurethane polymer.

[0623] Clause 448: The protective substrate of any of clauses 431 to 447, wherein at least one polyol used to form the polyurethane polymer comprises a polyester polyol.

[0624] Clause 449: The protected substrate of clause 448, wherein the polyester polyol is formed from a mixture of reactants comprising at least one polyol; and at least one polyacid.

[0625] Clause 450. The protective substrate of clause 449, wherein at least one polyol used to form the polyester polyol comprises dimethyl carbonate, caprolactone, cyclohexanedimethanol, bisphenol A, glycerin, trimethylolpropane, trimethylolethane, pentaerythritol, sorbitol, neopentyl glycol, 1,6-hexanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,3-butylene glycol, 1,3-propanediol, dipropylene glycol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol and ethylene glycol or a combination thereof.

[0626] Clause 451. A protective substrate according to any of clauses 449-450, wherein the at least one polyol used to form the polyester polyol comprises at least two polyols, such as at least three polyols, such as at least four polyols.

[0627] Clause 452: The protected substrate of any of clauses 449 to 451, wherein the mixture of reactants used to form the polyester polyol comprises at least one polyol in an amount in the range of 50% to 80% by weight, or in the range of 55% to 80% by weight, or in the range of 60% to 78% by weight, or in the range of 65% to 75% by weight, based on the total solids weight of the mixture of reactants used to form the polyester polyol.

[0628] Clause 453: The protected substrate of any of clauses 449 to 452, wherein at least one polyacid used to form the polyester polyol comprises oxalic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, isophthalic acid, phthalic acid, trimellitic acid, maleic anhydride, phthalic anhydride, trimellitic anhydride, or a combination thereof.

[0629] Clause 454: The protected substrate of any of clauses 449 to 453, wherein the mixture of reactants used to form the polyester polyol comprises at least one polyacid in an amount in the range of 20% to 50% by weight, or in the range of 20% to 45% by weight, or in the range of 23% to 40% by weight, or in the range of 25% to 35% by weight, based on the total solids weight of the mixture of reactants used to form the polyester polyol.

[0630] Clause 455: The protective substrate of any one of clauses 449 to 454, wherein the polyester polyol comprises an aliphatic polyester polyol.

[0631] Article 456. Polyester polyols are C2-C 25 Carbon chains, e.g., C5-C 20 Carbon chains, e.g., C8-C 18 Carbon chains, e.g., C 10 -C 14 456. The protected substrate of any of clauses 449 to 455, comprising a carbon chain.

[0632] Clause 457: A protected substrate according to any one of clauses 449 to 456, wherein the polyester polyol contains at least one ester bond, such as at least two ester bonds, for example at least three ester bonds, for example at least four ester bonds, for example at least five ester bonds.

[0633] Clause 458: The protected substrate of any of clauses 449 to 457, wherein the polyester polyol contains at least two hydroxyl groups, for example at least three hydroxyl groups, for example at least four hydroxyl groups, for example at least five hydroxyl groups, for example at least 10 hydroxyl groups, for example at least 15 hydroxyl groups, for example at least 20 hydroxyl groups.

[0634] Clause 459: The protected substrate of any one of clauses 449 to 458, wherein the polyester polyol does not contain additional functional groups.

[0635] Clause 460: The protected substrate of any of clauses 449 to 459, wherein the polyester polyol has a hydroxyl number in the range of 70 KOH / mg to 250 KOH / mg, such as in the range of 80 KOH / mg to 200 KOH / mg, such as in the range of 90 KOH / mg to 180 KOH / mg, such as in the range of 100 KOH / mg to 150 KOH / mg.

[0636] Clause 461. The protective substrate of any of clauses 449 to 460, wherein the mixture of reactants used to form the polyurethane polymer comprises polyester polyol in an amount in the range of greater than 0 wt.% to 20 wt.%, for example in the range of 1 wt.% to 15 wt.%, for example in the range of 3 wt.% to 12 wt.%, for example in the range of 5 wt.% to 10 wt.%, based on the total solids weight of the mixture of reactants used to form the polyurethane polymer.

[0637] Clause 462. The protective substrate of any of Clauses 431 to 461, wherein at least one polyol used to form the polyurethane polymer comprises a polyether polyol.

[0638] Clause 463. The protective substrate according to Clause 462, wherein the polyether polyol comprises an aliphatic polyether polyol.

[0639] Clause 464. The protected substrate of any one of clauses 462-463, wherein the polyether polyol comprises an ethylene-based or propylene-based polyether polyol.

[0640] Clause 465: The protected substrate of any of clauses 462 to 464, wherein the polyether polyol comprises ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, tetrahydrofuran, neopentyl glycol, 1,6-hexanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,3-butylene glycol, 1,3-propanediol, dipropylene glycol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, ethylene glycol, or a combination thereof.

[0641] Clause 466: A protected substrate according to any of clauses 462 to 465, wherein the polyether polyol comprises at least one ether bond, such as at least two ether bonds, for example at least three ether bonds, for example at least four ether bonds, for example at least five ether bonds.

[0642] Clause 467: A protected substrate according to any of clauses 462 to 466, wherein the polyether polyol comprises at least two hydroxyl groups, for example at least three hydroxyl groups, for example at least four hydroxyl groups, for example at least five hydroxyl groups, for example at least 10 hydroxyl groups, for example at least 15 hydroxyl groups, for example at least 30 hydroxyl groups.

[0643] Clause 468. A protected substrate according to any one of clauses 462 to 467, wherein the polyether polyol does not contain additional functional groups.

[0644] Clause 469. The protected substrate of any of clauses 462 to 468, wherein the polyether polyol has a hydroxyl number in the range of 70 KOH / mg to 250 KOH / mg, for example in the range of 80 KOH / mg to 200 KOH / mg, for example in the range of 90 KOH / mg to 180 KOH / mg, for example in the range of 100 KOH / mg to 150 KOH / mg.

[0645] Clause 470. A protective substrate of any of paragraphs 462 to 469 in which the mixture of reactants used to form the polyurethane polyol contains polyether polyol in an amount in the range of from greater than 0% to 15% by weight, for example in the range of from 0.1% to 10% by weight, for example in the range of from 0.5% to 8% by weight, for example in the range of from 1% to 5% by weight, based on the total solids weight of the mixture of reactants used to form the polyurethane polymer.

[0646] Clause 471. The protected substrate of any of Clauses 431 to 470, wherein at least one polyol used to form the polyurethane polymer comprises an acid-functional polyol.

[0647] Clause 472. The protected substrate of Clause 471, wherein the acid functional polyol comprises an aliphatic acid functional polyol.

[0648] Clause 473: The protected substrate of any of clauses 471-472, wherein the acid-functional polyol comprises 2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propionic acid, 2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)butanoic acid, 2,3-dihydroxypropanoic acid, 2,2-dihydroxypropanedioic acid, 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid, or a combination thereof.

[0649] Clause 474: A protected substrate according to any of clauses 471 to 473, wherein the acid functional polyol comprises at least one carboxylic acid group, such as at least two carboxylic acid groups, for example at least three carboxylic acid groups, for example at least four carboxylic acid groups, for example at least five carboxylic acid groups.

[0650] Clause 475: The protected substrate of any of Clauses 471 to 474, wherein the acid functional polyol comprises at least two hydroxyl groups, such as at least three hydroxyl groups, for example at least four hydroxyl groups, for example at least five hydroxyl groups, for example at least 10 hydroxyl groups, for example at least 15 hydroxyl groups, for example at least 30 hydroxyl groups.

[0651] Clause 476. The protected substrate of any of Clauses 471 to 475, wherein the acid-functional polyol does not contain additional functional groups.

[0652] Clause 477: The protected substrate of any of clauses 471 to 476, wherein the mixture of reactants used to form the polyurethane polymer comprises an acid functional polyol in an amount in the range of greater than 0 wt.% to 20 wt.%, for example in the range of 1 wt.% to 15 wt.%, for example in the range of 3 wt.% to 12 wt.%, for example in the range of 5 wt.% to 10 wt.%, based on the total solids weight of the mixture of reactants used to form the polyurethane polymer.

[0653] Clause 478: The protected substrate of any one of clauses 431 to 477, wherein the polyisocyanate comprises an aliphatic polyisocyanate.

[0654] Clause 479: The protected substrate of any one of clauses 431 to 478, wherein the polyisocyanate comprises a cycloaliphatic polyisocyanate.

[0655] Clause 480. The protected substrate of any of clauses 431-479, wherein the polyisocyanate comprises an aromatic polyisocyanate.

[0656] Clause 481. The protected group of any of Clauses 431 to 480, wherein the polyisocyanate comprises metaphenylene diisocyanate, paraphenylene diisocyanate, 2,6-toluene diisocyanate, 2,4-toluene diisocyanate, xylylene diisocyanate, 4,4-biphenylene diisocyanate, 4,4-methylene diphenyl isocyanate, 1,5-naphthylene diisocyanate, 1,4-tetramethylene diisocyanate, 11,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate, 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,6-diisocyanatohexane, 1,10-decamethylene diisocyanate, 1,4-cyclohexylene diisocyanate, 4,4-methylenebis(isocyanatocyclohexane), 1-isocyanato-3-isocyanatomethyl-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohexane, or a combination thereof.

[0657] Clause 482. The protected substrate of any one of clauses 431 to 481, wherein the polyisocyanate comprises a blocked polyisocyanate.

[0658] Clause 483: The protected substrate of clause 482, wherein the blocked polyisocyanate comprises a blocking agent; and the blocking agent comprises an amide, a phenol, a caprolactam, a uredione, or a combination thereof.

[0659] Clause 484: The protected substrate of any of clauses 431 to 483, wherein the polyisocyanate comprises at least two isocyanate functional groups, such as at least three isocyanate functional groups, such as at least four isocyanate groups, such as at least five isocyanate groups.

[0660] Clause 485: The protected substrate of any of clauses 431 to 484, wherein the polyisocyanate does not contain additional functional groups.

[0661] Clause 486. The protected substrate of any of clauses 431 to 485, wherein the polyisocyanate has an isocyanate equivalent weight in the range of 80 g / eq to 225 g / eq, such as in the range of 90 g / eq to 200 g / eq, such as in the range of 100 g / eq to 190 g / eq, such as in the range of 110 g / eq to 175 g / eq.

[0662] Clause 487: The protected substrate of any of clauses 431 to 486, wherein the mixture of reactants used to form the polyurethane polymer comprises polyisocyanate in an amount in the range of 15% to 55% by weight, such as in the range of 20% to 50% by weight, such as in the range of 25% to 45% by weight, such as in the range of 30% to 40% by weight, based on the total solids weight of the mixture of reactants used to form the polyurethane polymer.

[0663] Clause 488: The protected substrate of any of clauses 462 to 487, wherein the mixture of reactants used to form the polyurethane polymer comprises a ratio of polyester polyol to polyether polyol in the range of 10:1 to 1:1, for example in the range of 8:1 to 2:1, for example in the range of 7:1 to 3:1, for example in the range of 6:1 to 4:1.

[0664] Clause 489. The protected substrate of any of clauses 471 to 488, wherein the mixture of reactants used to form the polyurethane polymer comprises a ratio of polyester polyol to acid-functional polyol in the range of 2:1 to 1:2, for example in the range of 1.75:1 to 1:1.5, for example in the range of 1.4:1 to 1.2:1.

[0665] Clause 490: The protected substrate of any of clauses 432 to 489, wherein the mixture of reactants used to form the polyurethane polymer comprises a ratio of oil polyol to polyisocyanate in the range of 2:1 to 1:1.25, such as in the range of 1.75:1 to 1:1, such as in the range of 1.5:1 to 1:1, such as in the range of 1.3:1 to 1:2:1.

[0666] Clause 491: A protective substrate according to any of clauses 429 to 490, wherein the polyurethane polymer comprises at least one urethane bond, for example at least two urethane bonds, for example at least three urethane bonds, for example at least five urethane bonds, for example at least 10 urethane bonds, for example at least 20 urethane bonds.

[0667] Clause 492: A protected substrate according to any one of clauses 429 to 491, wherein the polyurethane polymer comprises at least one ester bond, such as at least two ester bonds, such as at least three ester bonds, such as at least five ester bonds.

[0668] Clause 493. A protective substrate according to any of clauses 429 to 492, wherein the polyurethane polymer comprises at least one ether bond, such as at least two ether bonds, such as at least three ether bonds, such as at least five ether bonds.

[0669] Clause 494: A protected substrate according to any one of clauses 429 to 493, wherein the polyurethane polymer comprises at least one urea bond, such as at least two urea bonds, such as at least three urea bonds, such as at least five urea bonds.

[0670] Clause 495. A protective substrate according to any of clauses 429 to 494, wherein the polyurethane polymer comprises at least one ethylenically unsaturated group, such as at least two ethylenically unsaturated groups, such as at least three ethylenically unsaturated groups, such as at least five ethylenically unsaturated groups.

[0671] Clause 496. A protected substrate according to Clause 495, wherein the ethylenically unsaturated groups are pendant from the backbone of the polyurethane polymer.

[0672] Clause 497: The ethylenically unsaturated group is C5-C 30 On the carbon chain, e.g., C8-C 25 On the carbon chain, e.g., C 10 -C 20497. A protective substrate according to any one of clauses 495 to 496, provided on a carbon chain.

[0673] Clause 498: The protective substrate according to any of Clauses 429 to 497, wherein the polyurethane polymer comprises at least one carboxylic acid group, such as at least two carboxylic acid groups, such as at least three carboxylic acid groups, such as at least five carboxylic acid groups.

[0674] Clause 499. The protected substrate of Clause 498, wherein the carboxylic acid groups are pendant from the backbone of the polyurethane polymer.

[0675] Clause 500: The carboxylic acid functional group is C2-C 10 499. The protection substrate according to any of paragraphs 498 to 499, which is provided on a carbon chain, such as a C2-C8 carbon chain, such as a C2-C5 carbon chain, such as a C2-C3 carbon chain.

[0676] Clause 501: The protected substrate of any of clauses 429 to 500, wherein the polyurethane polymer has a weight average molecular weight in the range of 5,000 g / mol to 60,000 g / mol, such as in the range of 10,000 g / mol to 50,000 g / m, such as in the range of 15,000 g / mol to 45,000 g / m, such as in the range of 20,000 g / mol to 40,000 g / m.

[0677] Clause 502: A protective substrate according to any one of clauses 429 to 501, wherein the polyurethane polymer has a glass transition temperature in the range of -30°C to 20°C, such as in the range of -20°C to 10°C, for example in the range of -10°C to 0°C.

[0678] Clause 503. The protective substrate of any of clauses 429 to 502, wherein the polyurethane polymer has a viscosity in the range of 15 cps to 225 cps, such as in the range of 20 cps to 200 cps, such as in the range of 25 cps to 175 cps.

[0679] Clause 504. A protected substrate according to any of clauses 429 to 503, wherein the polyurethane polymer has an acid number in the range of greater than 0 KOH / mg to 45 KOH / mg, such as in the range of 1 KOH / mg to 40 KOH / mg, such as in the range of 3 KOH / mg to 35 KOH / mg, such as in the range of 5 KOH / mg to 30 KOH / mg.

[0680] Clause 505: The protected substrate of any of clauses 429 to 504, wherein the polyurethane polymer comprises at least three, such as at least four, such as at least five, such as at least six, such as at least seven, such as at least eight different hydrocarbon chains in the backbone of the polyurethane polymer.

[0681] Clause 506: The polyurethane polymer is C5 or higher, for example C8 or higher, for example C 10 For example, C 15 For example, C 20 506. A protected substrate according to any one of clauses 429 to 505, comprising the above hydrocarbon chain.

[0682] Clause 507. A protective substrate according to any one of clauses 429 to 506, wherein the polyurethane polymer is a copolymer.

[0683] Clause 508. A protective substrate according to any one of clauses 429 to 507, wherein the polyurethane polymer is formed via step-growth polymerization.

[0684] Clause 509. A protective substrate according to any one of clauses 429 to 508, wherein the polyurethane polymer is formed via condensation polymerization.

[0685] Clause 510. The protective substrate of any of clauses 429 to 509, wherein the coating composition comprises a polyurethane dispersion comprising a polyurethane polymer.

[0686] Clause 511: The protective substrate of clause 510, wherein the polyurethane dispersion comprises the polyurethane polymer in an amount in the range of 15% to 50% by weight, such as in the range of 25% to 45% by weight, such as in the range of 30% to 40% by weight, such as in the range of 30% to 35% by weight, based on the total weight of the polyurethane dispersion.

[0687] Clause 512: The protected substrate of any of clauses 510-511, wherein the polyurethane dispersion further comprises a neutralizing amine.

[0688] Clause 513. The protected substrate of clause 512, wherein the neutralizing amine comprises ammonium hydroxide, dimethylamine, trimethylamine, triethylamine, monoethanolamine, diisopropanolamine, diethanolamine, dimethylethanolamine, or a combination thereof.

[0689] Clause 514. A protected substrate according to any of clauses 512 to 513, wherein the polyurethane dispersion comprises neutralizing amine in an amount in the range of from more than 0% to 10% by weight, such as in the range of from 0.1% to 8% by weight, for example in the range of from 0.5% to 5% by weight, for example in the range of from 1% to 2% by weight, based on the total weight of the polyurethane dispersion.

[0690] Clause 515: The protected substrate of any of clauses 510-514, wherein the polyurethane dispersion further comprises a chain extender.

[0691] Clause 516. The protected substrate of clause 515, wherein the chain extender comprises an amine chain extender.

[0692] Clause 517: The protected substrate of clause 516, wherein the amine chain extender comprises an aliphatic amine chain extender.

[0693] Clause 518. The protected substrate of any of clauses 516-517, wherein the amine chain extender comprises 4,4-diaminodicyclohexylmethane, 4,4-diamino-3,3-dimethyldicyclohexylmethane, 1,4-bis((2-amino-2-yl)-cyclohexane, 3,3-dimethyl-4,4-diaminodicyclohexylmethane, 1,3-diaminohexane, 1,4-diaminohexane, diethylenetriamine, dipropylenetriamine, hydrazine, ethylenediamine, 1,2-diaminopropane, 1,3-diaminopropane, 1,6-diaminopropane, 1,3-diamino-2,2-dimethylpropane, isophoronediamine, triethylenetetramine, tripropylenetetramine, tetraethylenepentamine, or a combination thereof.

[0694] Clause 519: The protected substrate of any of clauses 516 to 518, wherein the amine chain extender comprises an amine value in the range of 1,000 KOH / mg to 2,500 KOH / mg, for example, in the range of 1,100 KOH / mg to 2,300 KOH / mg, for example, in the range of 1,200 KOH / mg to 2,100 KOH / mg, for example, in the range of 1,300 KOH / mg to 1,900 KOH / mg.

[0695] Clause 520. The protected substrate according to any of clauses 516 to 519, wherein the amine chain extender comprises at least two amine groups, such as at least three amine groups, such as at least four amine groups, for example at least five amine groups.

[0696] Clause 521: The protected substrate of any of clauses 516 to 520, wherein the amine chain extender comprises up to 10 amine groups, such as up to 8 amine groups, such as up to 6 amine groups.

[0697] Clause 522: The protected substrate of any of clauses 516 to 521, wherein the polyurethane dispersion comprises an amine chain extender in an amount in the range of from greater than 0% to 3% by weight, for example in the range of from greater than 0% to 2% by weight, for example in the range of from greater than 0% to 1% by weight, based on the total weight of the polyurethane dispersion.

[0698] Clause 523: The protective substrate of any of clauses 510 to 522, wherein the polyurethane dispersion further comprises water.

[0699] Clause 524: The protected substrate of clause 523, wherein the polyurethane dispersion comprises water in an amount in the range of 53% to 75% by weight, such as in the range of 55% to 70% by weight, such as in the range of 60% to 65% by weight, based on the total weight of the polyurethane dispersion.

[0700] Clause 525: A protected substrate described in any one of clauses 428 to 524, wherein the coating composition further comprises an epoxide.

[0701] Clause 526: A protective substrate described in any of clauses 428 to 525, wherein the coating composition further comprises a wax, an organic oil, a polyolefin, a poly(meth)acrylate, a polyester, an alkene, polyethylene, polypropylene, an emulsion thereof, or some combination thereof.

[0702] Clause 527: The protective substrate of any of clauses 428 to 526, wherein the coating composition further comprises polylactic acid (PLA), polyethylene carbonate (PEC), polypropylene carbonate (PPC), polycaprolactone, polyoxymethylene, polyethylene, polypropylene, or some combination thereof. The wax may include stearic acid, paraffin, carnauba, microcrystalline wax, polyethylene wax, or some combination thereof.

[0703] Clause 528: A protective substrate according to any one of clauses 428 to 527, wherein the coating composition is dispersed in an aqueous medium.

[0704] Clause 529: A protective substrate according to clause 528, wherein the aqueous medium comprises water in an amount in the range of 50% by weight to 80% by weight, for example in the range of 50% by weight to 75% by weight, for example in the range of 50% by weight to 70% by weight, for example in the range of 55% by weight to 70% by weight, for example in the range of 60% by weight to 70% by weight, for example in the range of 60% by weight to 65% by weight, based on the total liquid weight of the medium.

[0705] Clause 530: A protected substrate of any of clauses 528 to 529, wherein the aqueous medium comprises a solvent in an amount of greater than 0% to 50% by weight, for example in the range of 0.5% to 25% by weight, for example in the range of 0.5% to 15% by weight, for example in the range of 1% to 10% by weight, for example in the range of 1% to 5% by weight, based on the total liquid weight of the medium.

[0706] Clause 531: The protected substrate of clause 530, wherein the solvent comprises a glycol, an alcohol, a glycol ether alcohol, a volatile ketone, a glycol diether, an ester, an amine, a diester, an aromatic hydrocarbon, an aliphatic hydrocarbon, a pyrrolidone, or a combination thereof.

[0707] Clause 532: The protective substrate of any of clauses 428 to 531, wherein the coating composition comprises a one-component coating composition.

[0708] Clause 533: The protective substrate of any of clauses 428 to 532, wherein the coating composition comprises a two-component coating composition.

[0709] Clause 534: A protective substrate described in any of clauses 428 to 533, wherein the coating composition further comprises a plasticizer.

[0710] Clause 535: The protective substrate of clause 534, wherein the plasticizer comprises an oil, a wax, a glycol, or a combination thereof.

[0711] Clause 536: The ant protection substrate of clauses 534-535, wherein the plasticizer comprises cottonseed oil, epoxidized soybean oil, canola oil, carnauba wax, paraffin wax, microcrystalline wax, polyethylene glycol, and polypropylene glycol, and combinations thereof.

[0712] Clause 537: A protective substrate according to any of clauses 534 to 536, wherein the coating composition comprises a plasticizer in an amount in the range of 1% by weight to 50% by weight, for example in the range of 4% by weight to 40% by weight, for example in the range of 110% by weight to 30% by weight, based on the total components of the coating composition.

[0713] Clause 538: A protective substrate described in any one of clauses 428 to 537, wherein the coating composition further comprises a viscosity modifier.

[0714] Clause 539: The protected substrate of clause 538, wherein the coating composition comprises a viscosity modifier in an amount ranging from 0.05% to 20% by weight, or from 0.1% to 15% by weight, or from 0.1% to 10% by weight, based on the total components of the coating composition.

[0715] Clause 540: A protective substrate described in any of clauses 428 to 539, wherein the coating composition further comprises a hydrophobic agent.

[0716] Clause 541: The protected substrate of clause 540, wherein the coating composition comprises a hydrophobizing agent in an amount in the range of 0.5% by weight to 70% by weight, such as in the range of 1% by weight to 65% by weight, such as in the range of 1% by weight to 60% by weight, based on the total components of the coating composition.

[0717] Clause 542: A protective substrate described in any of clauses 428 to 541, wherein the coating composition further comprises a crosslinking agent.

[0718] Clause 543: The protected substrate of clause 542, wherein the crosslinking agent comprises polyaziridine, polycarbodiimide, epoxy silane, melamine, polyisocyanate, or a combination thereof.

[0719] Clause 544: The protected substrate of any one of clauses 542-543, wherein the cross-linking agent comprises polyaziridine.

[0720] Clause 545: The protected substrate of any one of clauses 542 to 544, wherein the cross-linking agent comprises trimethylolpropane tris(2-methyl-1-aziridine propionate).

[0721] Clause 546: A protected substrate according to any of clauses 542 to 545, wherein the coating composition comprises a crosslinker in an amount ranging from 0.05% by weight to 30% by weight, for example 0.1% by weight to 20% by weight, for example 0.1% by weight to 10% by weight, based on the total components of the coating composition.

[0722] Clause 547: A protective substrate described in any of clauses 428 to 546, wherein the coating composition comprises a dual cure coating composition.

[0723] Clause 548: A method of protecting a substrate, comprising: providing a planar substrate including a surface; and applying a material that forms a burn-off temporary protective layer on at least a first portion of the surface, wherein the burn-off temporary protective layer comprises a polyurethane layer, an epoxide layer, or a combination thereof, and wherein the burn-off temporary protective layer is removable by a thermal treatment process that does not substantially damage the surface.

[0724] Clause 549: The method of clause 548, wherein the polyurethane layer comprises a water-based polyurethane, a polyurethane formed from a two-component system, or a combination thereof.

[0725] Clause 550. The method of any of Clauses 548-549, wherein the epoxide layer comprises an epoxy-functional polymeric material.

[0726] Clause 551: The method of any of clauses 548 to 550, wherein the planar substrate comprises glass.

[0727] Clause 552: The method of clauses 548 to 551, further comprising preparing the material via an emulsion, wherein the material is dispersed in water or an aqueous medium.

[0728] Clause 553: A method for removing a burn-off temporary protective layer from a coated substrate, the method comprising: providing a coated substrate including a surface over which a burn-off temporary protective layer is applied, wherein the burn-off temporary protective layer includes a polyurethane layer, an epoxide layer, or a combination thereof; and removing the burn-off temporary protective layer from the surface by burning the burn-off temporary protective layer to form an unprotected substrate without significantly damaging the surface.

[0729] Clause 554: The method of clause 553, wherein the polyurethane layer comprises a water-based polyurethane, a polyurethane formed from a two-component system, or a combination thereof.

[0730] Clause 555. The method of any of Clauses 553-554, wherein the epoxide layer comprises an epoxy-functional polymeric material.

[0731] Clause 556: The method of any of clauses 553-555, wherein the coated substrate comprises coated glass.

[0732] Clause 557: A method according to any one of clauses 553 to 556, wherein the coated substrate is heated to a temperature of up to 1000°C to remove the burn-off temporary protective layer from the surface.

[0733] Clause 558: The method of any of clauses 548 to 557, wherein the burn-off temporary protective layer comprises a polyurethane layer formed from a coating composition comprising an aqueous polyurethane, a polyurethane formed from a two-component system, or a combination thereof.

[0734] Clause 559: The method of any of clauses 548 to 558, wherein the burn-off temporary protective layer comprises a polyurethane layer formed from a coating composition comprising a polyurethane polymer.

[0735] Clause 560. The method of clause 559, wherein the polyurethane polymer comprises an oil-modified polyurethane polymer.

[0736] Clause 561. The method of any of clauses 558-560, wherein the polyurethane layer is formed from a coating composition comprising a polyurethane polymer formed from a mixture of reactants comprising at least one polyol; and a polyisocyanate.

[0737] Clause 562. The method of Clause 561, wherein the at least one polyol comprises an oil polyol.

[0738] Clause 563. The method of Clause 562, wherein the oil polyol is formed from a mixture of reactants comprising at least one unsaturated oil and / or fatty acid; and at least one polyol.

[0739] Clause 564: The method of clause 563, wherein the at least one unsaturated oil and / or fatty acid used to form the oil polyol comprises palm oil, soybean oil, sunflower seed oil, peanut oil, cottonseed oil, rapeseed oil, coconut oil, palm kernel oil, olive oil, corn oil, grapeseed oil, hazelnut oil, linseed oil, sesame oil, avocado oil, hemp seed oil, tang oil, rapeseed oil, safflower oil, tall oil, sunflower oil, poppy seed oil, perilla oil, walnut oil, castor oil, sardine oil, ricinoleic acid, eleostearic acid, linoleic acid, palmitoleic acid, arachidonic acid, or a combination thereof.

[0740] Clause 565. A method according to any of clauses 563 to 564, wherein the unsaturated oil and / or fatty acid has an iodine value in the range of 70 to 250, such as in the range of 80 to 225, such as in the range of 90 to 210, such as in the range of 100 to 200.

[0741] Clause 566: A method according to any of clauses 563 to 565, comprising unsaturated oil and / or fatty acid in an amount in the range of 80% to 97% by weight, such as in the range of 85% to 96% by weight, for example in the range of 90% to 95% by weight, based on the total solids weight of the mixture of reactants used to form the oil polyol.

[0742] Clause 567. The method of any of clauses 563-566, wherein at least one polyol used to form the oil polyol comprises cyclohexanedimethanol, bisphenol A, glycerin, trimethylolpropane, trimethylolethane, pentaerythritol, sorbitol, neopentyl glycol, 1,6-hexanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,3-butylene glycol, 1,3-propanediol, dipropylene glycol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, ethylene glycol, or a combination thereof.

[0743] Clause 568. The method of any of clauses 563 to 567, wherein the at least one polyol used to form the oil polyol comprises at least two polyols, such as at least three polyols, such as at least four polyols.

[0744] Clause 569. The method of any one of clauses 563 to 568, wherein the mixture of reactants used to form the oil polyol comprises at least one polyol in an amount in the range of 1% to 25% by weight, such as in the range of 2% to 20% by weight, for example in the range of 3% to 15% by weight, for example in the range of 5% to 10% by weight, based on the total solids weight of the mixture of reactants used to form the oil polyol.

[0745] Clause 570. The method of any of clauses 563-569, wherein the mixture of reactants used to form the oil polyol further comprises a catalyst.

[0746] Clause 571. The method of clause 570, wherein the catalyst used to form the oil polyol comprises 1,5,7-triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-ene, zinc acetate, calcium naphthenate, zinc naphthenate, barium naphthenate, lithium iron naphthenate neodecanoate, or a combination thereof.

[0747] Clause 572. The method of any of clauses 570-571, wherein the mixture of reactants used to form the oil polyol comprises a catalyst in an amount in the range of from greater than 0% to 2% by weight, such as in the range of from greater than 0% to 1% by weight, for example in the range of from 0.01% to 2% by weight, for example in the range of 0.01% to 1% by weight, based on the total solids weight of the mixture of reactants used to form the oil polyol.

[0748] Clause 573: The method of any of clauses 562 to 572, wherein the oil polyol comprises at least three hydroxyl groups, such as at least four hydroxyl groups, for example at least five hydroxyl groups, for example at least 10 hydroxyl groups, for example at least 15 hydroxyl groups, for example at least 20 hydroxyl groups.

[0749] Clause 574. The method of any of clauses 562 to 573, wherein the oil polyol comprises at least one ethylenically unsaturated group, such as at least two ethylenically unsaturated groups, such as at least three ethylenically unsaturated groups, such as at least five ethylenically unsaturated groups.

[0750] Clause 575: The method of any of clauses 562 to 574, characterized in that the oil polyol does not contain additional functional groups.

[0751] Clause 576. The method of any one of clauses 562 to 575, wherein the oil polyol comprises a hydroxyl number in the range of 70 KOH / mg to 250 KOH / mg, such as 80 KOH / mg to 200 KOH / mg, such as 90 KOH / mg to 180 KOH / mg, such as 100 KOH / mg to 150 KOH / mg.

[0752] Clause 577. The method of any of clauses 562 to 576, wherein the mixture of reactants used to form the polyurethane polymer comprises the oil polyol in an amount in the range of 30% to 65% by weight, such as in the range of 35% to 60% by weight, such as in the range of 40% to 55% by weight, such as in the range of 45% to 50% by weight, based on the total solids weight of the mixture of reactants used to form the polyurethane polymer.

[0753] Clause 578: The method of any of clauses 561-577, wherein at least one polyol used to form the polyurethane polymer comprises a polyester polyol.

[0754] Clause 579. The method of clause 578, wherein the polyester polyol is formed from a mixture of reactants comprising at least one polyol; and at least one polyacid.

[0755] 580. The method of claim 579, wherein at least one polyol used to form the polyester polyol comprises dimethyl carbonate, caprolactone, cyclohexanedimethanol, bisphenol A, glycerin, trimethylolpropane, trimethylolethane, pentaerythritol, sorbitol, neopentyl glycol, 1,6-hexanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,3-butylene glycol, 1,3-propanediol, dipropylene glycol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, and ethylene glycol, or a combination thereof.

[0756] Clause 581. The method of any of clauses 579-580, wherein the at least one polyol used to form the polyester polyol comprises at least two polyols, such as at least three polyols, such as at least four polyols.

[0757] Clause 582. The method of any of clauses 579-581, wherein the mixture of reactants used to form the polyester polyol comprises at least one polyol in an amount in the range of 50% to 80% by weight, or in the range of 55% to 80% by weight, or in the range of 60% to 78% by weight, or in the range of 65% to 75% by weight, based on the total solids weight of the mixture of reactants used to form the polyester polyol.

[0758] Clause 583. The method of any of clauses 579-582, wherein the at least one polyacid used to form the polyester polyol comprises oxalic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, isophthalic acid, phthalic acid, trimellitic acid, maleic anhydride, phthalic anhydride, trimellitic anhydride, or a combination thereof.

[0759] Clause 584: The method of any of clauses 579 to 583, wherein the mixture of reactants used to form the polyester polyol comprises at least one polyacid in an amount in the range of 20% to 50% by weight, or in the range of 20% to 45% by weight, or in the range of 23% to 40% by weight, or in the range of 25% to 35% by weight, based on the total solids weight of the mixture of reactants used to form the polyester polyol.

[0760] Clause 585: The method of any one of clauses 578 to 584, wherein the polyester polyol comprises an aliphatic polyester polyol.

[0761] Article 586. Polyester polyols are C2-C 25 Carbon chains, e.g., C5-C 20 Carbon chains, e.g., C8-C 18 Carbon chains, e.g., C 10 -C 14 586. The method of any of clauses 578 to 585, comprising a carbon chain.

[0762] Clause 587. The method of any of clauses 578 to 586, wherein the polyester polyol comprises at least one ester bond, such as at least two ester bonds, for example at least three ester bonds, such as at least four ester bonds, for example at least five ester bonds.

[0763] Clause 588: The method of any of clauses 578 to 587, wherein the polyester polyol comprises at least two hydroxyl groups, for example at least three hydroxyl groups, for example at least four hydroxyl groups, for example at least five hydroxyl groups, for example at least 10 hydroxyl groups, for example at least 15 hydroxyl groups, for example at least 20 hydroxyl groups.

[0764] Clause 589. The method of any of clauses 578 to 588, wherein the polyester polyol does not contain additional functional groups.

[0765] Clause 590: The method of any of clauses 578 to 589, wherein the polyester polyol has a hydroxyl number in the range of 70 KOH / mg to 250 KOH / mg, such as in the range of 80 KOH / mg to 200 KOH / mg, for example in the range of 90 KOH / mg to 180 KOH / mg, for example in the range of 100 KOH / mg to 150 KOH / mg.

[0766] Clause 591: The method of any of clauses 578 to 590, comprising including polyester polyol in an amount in the range of greater than 0% to 20% by weight, such as in the range of 1% to 15% by weight, such as in the range of 3% to 12% by weight, for example in the range of 5% to 10% by weight, based on the total solids weight of the mixture of reactants used to form the polyurethane polymer.

[0767] Clause 592: The method of any of clauses 561 to 591, wherein at least one polyol used to form the polyurethane polymer comprises a polyether polyol.

[0768] Clause 593. The method of Clause 592, wherein the polyether polyol comprises an aliphatic polyether polyol.

[0769] Clause 594. The method of any of Clauses 592-593, wherein the polyether polyol comprises an ethylene-based or propylene-based polyether polyol.

[0770] Clause 595: The method of any one of clauses 592 to 594, wherein the polyether polyol comprises ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, tetrahydrofuran, neopentyl glycol, 1,6-hexanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,3-butylene glycol, 1,3-propanediol, dipropylene glycol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, ethylene glycol, or a combination thereof.

[0771] Clause 596. The method of any of clauses 592 to 595, wherein the polyether polyol contains at least one ether bond, such as at least two ether bonds, for example at least three ether bonds, such as at least four ether bonds, for example at least five ether bonds.

[0772] Clause 597: The method of any of clauses 592 to 596, wherein the polyether polyol comprises at least two hydroxyl groups, such as at least three hydroxyl groups, for example at least four hydroxyl groups, for example at least five hydroxyl groups, such as at least 10 hydroxyl groups, for example at least 15 hydroxyl groups, for example at least 20 hydroxyl groups.

[0773] Clause 598. The method of any of clauses 592 to 597, wherein the polyether polyol does not contain additional functional groups.

[0774] Clause 599. The method of any of clauses 592 to 598, wherein the polyether polyol has a hydroxyl number in the range of 70 KOH / mg to 250 KOH / mg, such as in the range of 80 KOH / mg to 200 KOH / mg, such as in the range of 90 KOH / mg to 180 KOH / mg, such as in the range of 100 KOH / mg to 150 KOH / mg.

[0775] Clause 600: The method of any of clauses 592 to 599, comprising including polyether polyol in an amount in the range of from greater than 0 wt.% to 15 wt.%, for example in the range of from 0.1 wt.% to 10 wt.%, for example in the range of from 0.5 wt.% to 8 wt.%, for example in the range of from 1 wt.% to 5 wt.%, based on the total solids weight of the mixture of reactants used to form the polyurethane polymer.

[0776] Clause 601. The method of any of clauses 561-600, wherein at least one polyol used to form the polyurethane polymer comprises an acid-functional polyol.

[0777] Clause 602: The method of Clause 601, wherein the acid functional polyol comprises an aliphatic acid functional polyol.

[0778] Clause 603: The method of any of clauses 601-602, wherein the acid functional polyol comprises 2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propionic acid, 2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)butanoic acid, 2,3-dihydroxypropanoic acid, 2,2-dihydroxypropanedioic acid, 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid, or a combination thereof.

[0779] Clause 604. The method of any of clauses 601-603, wherein the acid functional polyol comprises at least one carboxylic acid group, such as at least two carboxylic acid groups, such as at least three carboxylic acid groups, such as at least four carboxylic acid groups, for example at least five carboxylic acid groups.

[0780] Clause 605. The method of any one of clauses 601 to 604, wherein the acid functional polyol comprises at least two hydroxyl groups, such as at least three hydroxyl groups, for example at least four hydroxyl groups, for example at least five hydroxyl groups, such as at least 10 hydroxyl groups, for example at least 15 hydroxyl groups, for example at least 20 hydroxyl groups.

[0781] Clause 606. The method of any of clauses 601-605, wherein the acid functional polyol does not contain additional functional groups.

[0782] Item 607. The method of any of clauses 601-606, wherein the mixture of reactants used to form the polyurethane polymer includes an acid-functional polyol in an amount ranging from greater than 0 wt.% to 20 wt.%, for example, in the range of 1 wt.% to 15 wt.%, for example, in the range of 3 wt.% to 12 wt.%, for example, in the range of 5 wt.% to 10 wt.%, based on the total solids weight of the mixture of reactants used to form the polyurethane polymer.

[0783] Clause 608: The method of any one of clauses 561 to 607, wherein the polyisocyanate comprises an aliphatic polyisocyanate.

[0784] Clause 609: The method of any one of clauses 561 to 608, wherein the polyisocyanate comprises a cycloaliphatic polyisocyanate.

[0785] Clause 610: The method of any one of clauses 561 to 609, wherein the polyisocyanate comprises an aromatic polyisocyanate.

[0786] Clause 611. The method of any of clauses 561 to 610, wherein the polyisocyanate comprises metaphenylene diisocyanate, paraphenylene diisocyanate, 2,6-toluene diisocyanate, 2,4-toluene diisocyanate, xylylene diisocyanate, 4,4-biphenylene diisocyanate, 4,4-methylene diphenyl isocyanate, 1,5-naphthylene diisocyanate, 1,4-tetramethylene diisocyanate, 11,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate, 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,6-diisocyanatohexane, 1,10-decamethylene diisocyanate, 1,4-cyclohexylene diisocyanate, 4,4-methylenebis(isocyanatocyclohexane), 1-isocyanato-3-isocyanatomethyl-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohexane, or a combination thereof.

[0787] Clause 612. The method of any of clauses 561 to 611, wherein the polyisocyanate comprises a blocked polyisocyanate.

[0788] Clause 613: The method of clause 612, wherein the blocked polyisocyanate comprises a blocking agent; and the blocking agent comprises an amide, a phenol, a caprolactam, a uredione, or a combination thereof.

[0789] Clause 614: The method of any of clauses 561 to 613, wherein the polyisocyanate comprises at least two isocyanate functional groups, such as at least three isocyanate functional groups, such as at least four isocyanate groups, such as at least five isocyanate groups.

[0790] Clause 615: The method of any of clauses 561 to 614, wherein the polyisocyanate does not contain additional functional groups.

[0791] Clause 616: The method of any of clauses 561 to 615, wherein the polyisocyanate has an isocyanate equivalent weight in the range of 80 g / eq to 225 g / eq, such as in the range of 90 g / eq to 200 g / eq, for example in the range of 100 g / eq to 190 g / eq, for example in the range of 110 g / eq to 175 g / eq.

[0792] Clause 617: The method of any of clauses 561 to 616, comprising the polyisocyanate in an amount in the range of 15% to 55% by weight, such as in the range of 20% to 50% by weight, such as in the range of 25% to 45% by weight, such as in the range of 30% to 40% by weight, based on the total solids weight of the mixture of reactants used to form the polyurethane polymer.

[0793] Clause 618: A method according to any of clauses 592 to 617, wherein the mixture of reactants used to form the polyurethane polymer comprises a ratio of polyester polyol to polyether polyol in the range of 10:1 to 1:1, such as in the range of 8:1 to 2:1, such as in the range of 7:1 to 3:1, such as in the range of 6:1 to 4:1.

[0794] Clause 619: The method of any of clauses 601-618, wherein the mixture of reactants used to form the polyurethane polymer comprises a ratio of polyester polyol to acid functional polyol in the range of 2:1 to 1:2, for example in the range of 1.75:1 to 1:1.5, for example in the range of 1.4:1 to 1.2:1.

[0795] Clause 620. A method according to any of clauses 562 to 619, wherein the mixture of reactants used to form the polyurethane polymer comprises a ratio of oil polyol to polyisocyanate in the range of 2:1 to 1:1.25, such as in the range of 1.75:1 to 1:1, such as in the range of 1.5:1 to 1:1, such as in the range of 1.3:1 to 1:2:1.

[0796] Clause 621: The method of any of clauses 559 to 620, wherein the polyurethane polymer comprises at least one urethane bond, such as at least two urethane bonds, for example at least three urethane bonds, such as at least five urethane bonds, for example at least 10 urethane bonds, for example at least 20 urethane bonds.

[0797] Clause 622: The method of any of clauses 559 to 621, wherein the polyurethane polymer contains at least one ester bond, such as at least two ester bonds, such as at least three ester bonds, such as at least five ester bonds.

[0798] Clause 623: The method of any of clauses 559 to 622, wherein the polyurethane polymer contains at least one ether bond, such as at least two ether bonds, such as at least three ether bonds, such as at least five ether bonds.

[0799] Clause 624: The method of any of clauses 559 to 623, wherein the polyurethane polymer comprises at least one urea bond, such as at least two urea bonds, such as at least three urea bonds, such as at least five urea bonds.

[0800] Clause 625. The method of any of clauses 559 to 624, wherein the polyurethane polymer comprises at least one ethylenically unsaturated group, such as at least two ethylenically unsaturated groups, such as at least three ethylenically unsaturated groups, such as at least five ethylenically unsaturated groups.

[0801] Clause 626: The method of Clause 625, wherein the ethylenically unsaturated groups are pendant from the backbone of the polyurethane polymer.

[0802] Clause 627: The ethylenically unsaturated group is C5-C 30 On the carbon chain, e.g., C8-C 25 On the carbon chain, e.g., C 10 -C 20627. The method of any of clauses 625-626, wherein the carbon chain is provided.

[0803] Clause 628. The method of any of clauses 559 to 627, wherein the polyurethane polymer comprises at least one carboxylic acid group, such as at least two carboxylic acid groups, such as at least three carboxylic acid groups, such as at least five carboxylic acid groups.

[0804] Clause 629: The method of Clause 628, wherein the carboxylic acid groups are pendant from the backbone of the polyurethane polymer.

[0805] Article 630. Carboxylic acid functional group is C2-C 10 620. A method according to any one of paragraphs 628 to 629, wherein the carbon chain is provided on a carbon chain, such as a C2-C8 carbon chain, such as a C2-C5 carbon chain, such as a C2-C3 carbon chain.

[0806] Clause 631: The method of any of clauses 559 to 630, wherein the polyurethane polymer has a weight average molecular weight in the range of 5,000 g / mol to 60,000 g / mol, such as in the range of 10,000 g / mol to 50,000 g / m, for example in the range of 15,000 g / mol to 45,000 g / m, for example in the range of 20,000 g / mol to 40,000 g / m.

[0807] Clause 632: A method according to any one of clauses 559 to 631, wherein the polyurethane polymer has a glass transition temperature in the range of -30°C to 20°C, such as in the range of -20°C to 10°C, for example in the range of -10°C to 0°C.

[0808] Clause 633: The method of any of clauses 559 to 632, wherein the polyurethane polymer has a viscosity in the range of 15 cps to 225 cps, such as in the range of 20 cps to 200 cps, for example in the range of 25 cps to 175 cps.

[0809] Clause 634: A method according to any of clauses 559 to 633, wherein the polyurethane polymer has an acid number in the range of from greater than 0 KOH / mg to 45 KOH / mg, such as in the range of from 1 KOH / mg to 40 KOH / mg, such as in the range of from 3 KOH / mg to 35 KOH / mg, such as in the range of from 5 KOH / mg to 30 KOH / mg.

[0810] Clause 635: A method according to any of clauses 559 to 634, wherein the polyurethane polymer comprises at least three, such as at least four, for example at least five, for example at least six, for example at least seven, for example at least eight different hydrocarbon chains in the backbone of the polyurethane polymer.

[0811] Clause 636: The polyurethane polymer is C5 or higher, for example C8 or higher, for example C 10 For example, C 15 For example, C 20 636. The method of any of clauses 559 to 635, comprising the above hydrocarbon chain.

[0812] Clause 637: A method according to any one of clauses 559 to 636, wherein the polyurethane polymer is a copolymer.

[0813] Clause 638: The method of any of clauses 559 to 637, wherein the polyurethane polymer is formed via step-growth polymerization.

[0814] Clause 639: The method of any of clauses 559 to 638, wherein the polyurethane polymer is formed via condensation polymerization.

[0815] Clause 640: The method of any of clauses 559 to 639, wherein the coating composition comprises a polyurethane dispersion comprising a polyurethane polymer.

[0816] Clause 641: The method of clause 640, wherein the polyurethane dispersion comprises polyurethane polymer in an amount in the range of 15% by weight to 50% by weight, for example in the range of 25% by weight to 45% by weight, for example in the range of 30% by weight to 40% by weight, for example in the range of 30% by weight to 35% by weight, based on the total weight of the polyurethane dispersion.

[0817] Clause 642: The method of any of clauses 640-641, wherein the polyurethane dispersion further comprises a neutralizing amine.

[0818] Clause 643: The method of Clause 642, wherein the neutralizing amine comprises ammonium hydroxide, dimethylamine, trimethylamine, triethylamine, monoethanolamine, diisopropanolamine, diethanolamine, dimethylethanolamine, or a combination thereof.

[0819] Clause 644: The method of any of clauses 643, wherein the polyurethane dispersion comprises neutralizing amine in an amount in the range of greater than 0 wt.% to 10 wt.%, for example in the range of 0.1 wt.% to 8 wt.%, for example in the range of 0.5 wt.% to 5 wt.%, for example in the range of 1 wt.% to 2 wt.%, based on the total weight of the polyurethane dispersion.

[0820] Clause 645: The method of any of Clauses 640 to 644, wherein the polyurethane dispersion further comprises a chain extender.

[0821] Clause 646: The method of Clause 645, wherein the chain extender comprises an amine chain extender.

[0822] Clause 647: The method of clause 646, wherein the amine chain extender comprises an aliphatic amine chain extender.

[0823] Clause 648. The method of any of clauses 648 to 647, wherein the amine chain extender includes 4,4-diaminodicyclohexylmethane, 4,4-diamino-3,3-dimethyldicyclohexylmethane, 1,4-bis((2-amino-2-yl)-cyclohexane, 3,3-dimethyl-4,4-diaminodicyclohexylmethane, 1,3-diaminohexane, 1,4-diaminohexane, diethylenetriamine, dipropylenetriamine, hydrazine, ethylenediamine, 1,2-diaminopropane, 1,3-diaminopropane, 1,6-diaminopropane, 1,3-diamino-2,2-dimethylpropane, isophoronediamine, triethylenetetramine, tripropylenetetramine, tetraethylenepentamine, or a combination thereof.

[0824] Clause 649: The method of any of clauses 646 to 648, wherein the amine chain extender comprises an amine value in the range of 1,000 KOH / mg to 2,500 KOH / mg, such as in the range of 1,100 KOH / mg to 2,300 KOH / mg, such as in the range of 1,200 KOH / mg to 2,100 KOH / mg, such as in the range of 1,300 KOH / mg to 1,900 KOH / mg.

[0825] Clause 650. The method of any of clauses 646 to 649, wherein the amine chain extender comprises at least two amine groups, such as at least three amine groups, such as at least four amine groups, such as at least five amine groups.

[0826] Clause 651: The method of any of clauses 646 to 650, wherein the amine chain extender comprises up to 10 amine groups, such as up to 8 amine groups, for example up to 6 amine groups.

[0827] Clause 652: The method of any of clauses 646 to 651, wherein the polyurethane dispersion comprises an amine chain extender in an amount in the range of from greater than 0% to 3% by weight, such as from greater than 0% to 2% by weight, for example from greater than 0% to 1% by weight, based on the total weight of the polyurethane dispersion.

[0828] Clause 653: The method of any of clauses 646 to 652, wherein the polyurethane dispersion further comprises water.

[0829] Clause 654: The method of clause 653, wherein the polyurethane dispersion comprises water in an amount in the range of 53% by weight to 75% by weight, such as in the range of 55% by weight to 70% by weight, for example in the range of 60% by weight to 65% by weight, based on the total weight of the polyurethane dispersion.

[0830] Clause 655: The method of any of clauses 558 to 654, wherein the coating composition further comprises an epoxide.

[0831] Clause 656: The method of any of clauses 558 to 655, wherein the coating composition further comprises a wax, an organic oil, a polyolefin, a poly(meth)acrylate, a polyester, an alkene, a polyethylene, a polypropylene, an emulsion thereof, or some combination thereof.

[0832] Clause 657: The method of any of clauses 558-656, wherein the coating composition further comprises polylactic acid (PLA), polyethylene carbonate (PEC), polypropylene carbonate (PPC), polycaprolactone, polyoxymethylene, polyethylene, polypropylene, or some combination thereof. The wax may include stearic acid, paraffin, carnauba, microcrystalline wax, polyethylene wax, or some combination thereof.

[0833] Clause 658: A method according to any one of clauses 558 to 657, wherein the coating composition is dispersed in an aqueous medium.

[0834] Clause 659: The method of clause 658, wherein the aqueous medium comprises water in an amount in the range of 50% to 80% by weight, such as in the range of 50% to 75% by weight, for example in the range of 50% to 70% by weight, such as in the range of 55% to 70% by weight, for example in the range of 60% to 70% by weight, for example in the range of 60% to 65% by weight, based on the total liquid weight of the medium.

[0835] Clause 660. The method of any one of clauses 658-659, wherein the aqueous medium comprises the solvent in an amount of from greater than 0% to 50% by weight, such as in the range of 0.5% to 25% by weight, for example in the range of 0.5% to 15% by weight, such as in the range of 1% to 10% by weight, for example in the range of 1% to 5% by weight, based on the total liquid weight of said medium.

[0836] Item 661. The method of claim 660, wherein the solvent comprises a glycol, an alcohol, a glycol ether alcohol, a volatile ketone, a glycol diether, an ester, an amine, a diester, an aromatic hydrocarbon, an aliphatic hydrocarbon, a pyrrolidone, or a combination thereof.

[0837] Clause 662. The method of any of clauses 558 to 661, wherein the coating composition comprises a one-component coating composition.

[0838] Clause 663. The method of any of clauses 558 to 662, wherein the coating composition comprises a two-component coating composition.

[0839] Clause 664. The method of any of clauses 558 to 663, wherein the coating composition further comprises a plasticizer.

[0840] Clause 665. The method of clause 664, wherein the plasticizer comprises an oil, a wax, a glycol, or a combination thereof.

[0841] Clause 666: The method of Clause 665, wherein the plasticizer comprises cottonseed oil, epoxidized soybean oil, canola oil, carnauba wax, paraffin wax, microcrystalline wax, polyethylene glycol, and polypropylene glycol, and combinations thereof.

[0842] Clause 667: A method according to any of clauses 664 to 666, wherein the coating composition comprises a plasticizer in an amount in the range of 1% by weight to 50% by weight, for example in the range of 4% by weight to 40% by weight, for example in the range of 110% by weight to 30% by weight, based on the total components of the coating composition.

[0843] Clause 668. The method of any of clauses 558 to 667, wherein the coating composition further comprises a viscosity modifier.

[0844] Clause 669: The method of clause 668, wherein the coating composition comprises a viscosity modifier in an amount ranging from 0.05% to 20% by weight, or from 0.1% to 15% by weight, or from 0.1% to 10% by weight, based on the total components of the coating composition.

[0845] Clause 670. The method of any of clauses 558 to 669, wherein the coating composition further comprises a hydrophobic agent.

[0846] Clause 671. The method of clause 670, wherein the coating composition comprises the hydrophobizing agent in an amount in the range of 0.5% by weight to 70% by weight, such as in the range of 1% by weight to 65% by weight, such as in the range of 1% by weight to 60% by weight, based on the total components of the coating composition.

[0847] Clause 672. The method of any of clauses 558 to 671, wherein the coating composition further comprises a crosslinking agent.

[0848] Clause 673: The method of clause 672, wherein the crosslinking agent comprises polyaziridine, polycarbodiimide, epoxy silane, melamine, polyisocyanate, or a combination thereof.

[0849] Clause 674: The method of any one of clauses 672 to 673, wherein the cross-linking agent comprises polyaziridine.

[0850] Clause 675: The method of any of clauses 672 to 674, wherein the cross-linking agent comprises trimethylolpropane tris(2-methyl-1-aziridinepropionate).

[0851] Clause 676: A method according to any one of clauses 672 to 675, wherein the coating composition comprises a crosslinker in an amount ranging from 0.05% by weight to 30% by weight, for example 0.1% by weight to 20% by weight, for example 0.1% by weight to 10% by weight, based on the total components of the coating composition.

[0852] Clause 677. The method of any of clauses 558 to 676, wherein the coating composition comprises a dual-cure coating composition.

[0853] While the present invention has been described in detail for purposes of illustration based on what are presently considered to be the most practical and preferred embodiments, it will be understood that such detail is for that purpose only and that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, but on the contrary, is intended to cover modifications and equivalent arrangements within the spirit and scope of the appended claims. For example, it will be understood that the present invention contemplates that one or more features of any embodiment can be combined, to the extent possible, with one or more features of any other embodiment.

Claims

1. a planar substrate comprising a surface; and a burn-off temporary protective layer disposed over at least a portion of said surface; A protection substrate comprising: Here, the burn-off temporary protective layer comprises a polyurethane layer, an epoxide layer, or a combination thereof.

2. The protection substrate of claim 1 , wherein the burn-off temporary protective layer is removable by a heat treatment process that does not substantially damage the surface.

3. The protection substrate of claim 1 , wherein the burn-off temporary protection layer has a thickness of at least 10 nm to 5,000 μm.

4. The protective substrate of claim 1 , wherein the protective substrate does not include a temporary protective sheet disposed on the surface.

5. The protection substrate according to claim 1 , wherein the burn-off temporary protection layer is removable by firing at a temperature of up to 1000° C.

6. 3. The protective substrate of claim 2, wherein the heat treatment process does not result in a color change (DECMC) of the surface of the same planar substrate without the burn-off temporary protective layer after the heat treatment process of more than 3 units.

7. The protection substrate of claim 1 , wherein the planar substrate comprises glass.

8. The protection substrate of claim 1 , wherein the burn-off temporary protection layer is an outermost layer of the planar substrate.

9. The protection substrate of claim 1 further comprising a functional coating disposed between the surface and the burn-off temporary protection layer.

10. The protective substrate of claim 9 , wherein the functional coating comprises a low-E coating layer.

11. The protection substrate according to claim 1 , wherein the burn-off temporary protection layer is an ultraviolet curable layer.

12. providing a planar substrate including a surface; and applying a material to form a temporary burn-off protective layer over at least a first portion of the surface; 1. A method for protecting a substrate, comprising: The method as described above, wherein the burn-off temporary protective layer comprises a polyurethane layer, an epoxide layer, or a combination thereof.

13. The method of claim 12 , wherein the burn-off temporary protective layer is removable by a heat treatment process that does not substantially damage the surface.

14. The method of claim 12 , further comprising applying a functional coating over at least a portion of the substrate, and applying a burn-off protection layer over at least a portion of the functional coating.

15. providing a coated substrate comprising a surface over which a burn-off temporary protective layer is applied, wherein the burn-off temporary protective layer comprises a polyurethane layer, an epoxide layer, or a combination thereof; and removing the burn-off temporary protective layer from the surface by burning the burn-off temporary protective layer to form an unprotected substrate without substantially damaging the surface; 1. A method for removing a burn-off temporary protective layer from a coated substrate, comprising:

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