Sash window

Abstract

To improve the fire resistance of a sash window.SOLUTION: The fire resistance of a sash window 1 is improved by configuring the sash window to include an outer sash frame, a reinforcing member, and a crescent support 51, the outer sash frame having a panel receiving groove 212 with a hollow portion 22 at its lower portion, the reinforcing member 4 being provided in the hollow portion 22, the crescent support 51 having an L-shaped mounting base 511 inserted into the panel receiving groove 212, the mounting base 511 at its depth piece and the reinforcing member 4 cooperating to clamp in a depth wall that forms the hollow portion 22.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a double-hung window. [Background technology]

[0002] A casement window is a window with an outer and inner sliding screen that slides up and down, and is commonly used in homes, etc. Casement windows are now required to have higher fire resistance. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0003] An object of the present invention is to improve the fire resistance of double-hung windows. [Means for solving the problem]

[0004] The present invention has solved the problem by providing a casement window 1 which is characterized by comprising an outer joint frame 211, a reinforcing member 4 and a crescent holder 51, the outer joint frame 211 having a panel swallowing groove 212 and a hollow portion 22 below it, the reinforcing member 4 being provided in the hollow portion 22, the crescent holder 51 having an L-shaped mounting base 511 which is inserted into the panel swallowing groove 212, and the projecting piece 5111 of the mounting base 511 and the reinforcing member 4 clamping and fastening together a projecting wall 221 which forms the hollow portion 22. [Effects of the Invention]

[0005] The opening device of the present invention has improved fire resistance. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0006] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a front view of the indoor side of a casement window according to an embodiment. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. [Figure 3] FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the area enclosed by the frame B in FIG. [Figure 4]Figure 4 is an explanatory diagram of the changes that occur in a conventional casement window that does not employ the fireproof structure of the embodiment during a fire. Figure 4(A) shows the state before the fire, Figure 4(B) shows the state after being exposed to the heat of the fire, and Figure 4(C) shows the state after the crescent holder has come off. [Figure 5] Figure 5 shows the changes that occur in a casement window that employs the fireproof structure of the embodiment during a fire. Figure 5(A) shows the state before the fire, and Figure 5(B) shows the state after being exposed to the heat of the fire. [Figure 6] Figure 6 is an explanatory diagram of the hacker. Figure 6(A) is an explanatory diagram of the outer screen and the hacker installation position of the outer screen, and Figure 6(B) is an enlarged view of the box C in Figure 6(A). Figure 6(C) is an enlarged view of the hacker. [Figure 7] FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of a casement window according to an embodiment of the present invention to which a hacker is attached. [Figure 8] Figure 8 is an explanatory diagram of the back plate and reinforcement material installed in the hollow portion. Figure 8(A) is an explanatory diagram of the position of the back plate and reinforcement material in the hollow portion. Figure 8(B) is a plan view of the back plate and reinforcement material. Figure 8(C) is a cross-sectional view of the fixing part between the hacker and the back plate. Figure 8(D) is a cross-sectional view of the fixing part between the mounting base and reinforcement material. [Figure 9] Figure 9 is an explanatory diagram of modified examples. Figure 9(A) is an explanatory diagram of modified example 1 using a reinforcing material with a U-shaped cross section. Figure 9(B) is an explanatory diagram of modified example 2 using a reinforcing material with a square-shaped cross section. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0007] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following description, the same reference numerals in different drawings denote parts with the same functions, and duplicated descriptions in each drawing will be omitted as appropriate.

[0008] [Example] Figure 1 is a front view of the indoor side of a double-hung window 1 of the embodiment. The double-hung window 1 of the embodiment is a double-hung window, with both an outer shoji 2 and an inner shoji 3 moving up and down. The outer shoji frame 21 and the inner shoji frame 31 are housed inside the frame 11. The inner shoji frame 311 and the outer shoji frame 211 have crescent locks 5 attached to them, a crescent receiver 51 (not shown) is attached to the outer shoji frame 21, and a crescent main body 52 is attached to the upper frame of the inner shoji 3. The crescent lock 5 has the same structure as the crescent lock 5 used in a typical sliding window with an outer and inner shoji screen.

[0009] (Balancer) Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in Figure 1. A balancer 7 is housed within the upper frame 12 of the double-hung window 1. A pair of balancers 7 are located at the left and right ends of the upper frame 12. A wire 71 is wound around the tires 73 of each balancer 7; one wire raises and lowers the outer shoji 2, and the other raises and lowers the inner shoji 3. The pair of wires 71 on the left and right connect the outer shoji 2 and inner shoji 3, so that when the outer shoji 2 is lowered, the inner shoji 3 rises. The balancer 7 connects the outer shoji 2 and inner shoji 3, which are approximately the same weight, with the wire 71, allowing the user to open and close the double-hung window 1 with little force. The wire 71 connecting the outer shoji 2 is attached to the outer joint frame 211, and the wire 71 connecting the inner shoji 3 is attached to the bottom frame 32. The tires 73 of the balancer 7 are covered with a tire cover 74. The attachment structure between the wire 71 and each of the shoji screens (2, 3) will be described later.

[0010] (Fixing the crescent support and reinforcing the outer joint frame) The panel 8 in this embodiment is double-glazed, and the panel 8 of the outer shoji screen 2 is attached by having its lower end inserted into the panel insertion groove 212. The panel 8 of the inner shoji screen 3 is similar to the outer shoji screen 2, and the panel 8 is attached to the panel insertion groove 212 in the bottom frame 32. The panel can be of any type, such as fireproof glass such as wired glass, or single-glazed glass, as long as it can be attached to a general window. Focusing on the outer door frame 211, the outer door frame 211 has a hollow section 22 separated by a front wall 221 below the panel groove 212. The hollow section 22 serves to increase the strength of the outer door frame 211 so that it does not bend due to heat in the event of a fire. A crescent receiver 51 is attached to the outer door frame 211, which locks both doors (2 and 3) together with a crescent body 52 attached to the top surface of the inner door frame 311 of the inner door frame 3. The crescent lock 5 also serves to prevent fire from entering the room by sealing the gap between the two doors (2 and 3).

[0011] Furthermore, the base of the crescent receiver 51 is fixed to an L-shaped mounting base 511 by a crescent receiver connecting screw 53 .

[0012] 3 is an enlarged view of the area enclosed by frame B in FIG. 2. Mounting base 511 is an L-shaped metal fitting having a substantially vertical facing piece 5112 and a horizontally extending facing piece 5111. The base of crescent receiver 51 overlaps with the tip of substantially vertical facing piece 5112 of mounting base 511 and is fixed with crescent receiver connecting screws 53. Facing piece 5111 of mounting base 511 is inserted into panel swallowing groove 212 and abuts against facing wall 221 that forms hollow portion 22.

[0013] At the bottom of the panel swallowing groove 212, there is a hollow portion 22 separated by a concealed wall 221, and the reinforcing material 4 is inserted into the hollow portion 22. Suitable materials for the reinforcing material 4 include heat-resistant stainless steel and steel.

[0014] The mounting base 511, the reinforcing material 4, and the visible wall 221 are clamped together by the visible piece 5111 of the mounting base 511 and the reinforcing material 4. The reinforcing material 4 is provided with a co-fastening screw hole 223, and the co-fastening screw 222 is inserted into the co-fastening screw hole 223 of the reinforcing material 4, firmly fastening the visible piece 5111 of the mounting base 511, the visible wall 221, and the reinforcing material 4 together. As will be described later, the reinforcing material 4 is provided throughout the hollow portion 22 except for both ends of the hollow portion 22. The hollow portion 22 is prevented from deformation by the presence of the reinforcing material 4. In addition, the mounting base 511 and the visible wall 221 are integrated by the co-fastening screw 222, which further prevents deformation. The above is an outline of the fire prevention structure of the embodiment.

[0015] (Changes in case of a casement window during a fire when the fire prevention structure of the example is not adopted) Figure 4 is an exterior view of a "conventional casement window," with the outer screen 2 at the front of the page. Figure 4 is an explanatory diagram of the changes that occur in a conventional casement window 1, which does not employ the fireproof structure of the embodiment, during a fire. Figure 4(A) shows the state before the fire. Before the fire, the outer sash 211 and inner sash 311 were in roughly the same position, with the inner sash 311 located on the interior side of the outer sash 211. The crescent receiver 51 attached to the outer sash 211 is securely locked to the crescent body 52 attached to the inner sash 311.

[0016] Figure 4(B) shows the state of the casement exposed to the heat of a fire. The casement window 1, which does not employ the fireproof structure of the embodiment, is in a closed state because the inner sash 311 and outer sash 211 are locked (fixed) by the crescent lock 5, but the outer sash 211 expands due to heat and gradually warps. As both ends of the outer sash 211 lower, the vertical sash lowers. At this point, the vertical sash side of the outer screen 2 begins to separate from the upper frame 12 by the amount of the warping.

[0017] Figure 4(C) shows the state in which the crescent holder 51 has come off. If it continues to be exposed to heat, the crescent lock 5 will no longer be able to resist the warping of the outer joint frame 211, and the crescent holder 51 will transition to a disengaged state. At this time, the outer joint frame 211 will descend, and the gap in the upper frame 12 will expand not only near the vertical frame but also along the entire length of the upper frame 12. The inner shoji screen 3 is supported by the bottom frame and will deform but will not fall. In this way, deformation of the outer shoji screen 2 has a greater impact on fire resistance than the inner shoji screen 3.

[0018] (Changes in case of a casement window using the fireproof structure of the example) Figure 5, titled "Example casement window," shows the changes that occur in a casement window 1 employing the example fireproof structure during a fire. Figure 5(A) shows the state of the example casement window 1 before the fire, and its appearance is almost the same as that of Figure 4(A) which does not employ the example fireproof structure.

[0019] Figure 5(B) shows the state of the casement window 1 of the embodiment exposed to the heat of a fire. When the casement window 1 of the embodiment is exposed to the heat of a fire, the hollow portion 22 of the outer joint frame 211 and the reinforcing material 4 installed therethrough suppress deformation of the outer joint frame 211, which is an aluminum profile. At the same time, the L-shaped mounting base 511 supporting the crescent receiver 51 is fixed to the reinforcing material 4, protecting the crescent receiver 51, so deformation of the outer screen 2 in Figure 5(B) is slight compared to the state of Figure 4(B) in the comparative example. Furthermore, the gap created by the warping width between the upper frame 12 is smaller than in Figure 4(B).

[0020] While a conventional casement window 1 easily transitions from the state shown in Figure 4(B) to the state shown in Figure 4(C), the casement window 1 of the embodiment remains in the state shown in Figure 5(B) for a long time because the mounting base 511 supporting the crescent support 51 is secured to the reinforcing material 4. Even when the outer sash 211 employing the fire-resistant structure of the embodiment shown in Figure 5(B) is exposed to heat strong enough to cause the outer sash 211 shown in Figure 4(C), which is a comparative example, to warp significantly, the reinforcing material 4 installed through the hollow portion 22 prevents deformation of the outer sash 211, resulting in only slight warping at both ends. Because the deformation of the outer sash 2 in Figure 5(B) is slight, the gap between the upper frame 12 and the outer sash 2 is smaller than in Figure 4(C). In summary, in the embodiment, as described above, the L-shaped mounting base 511 that supports the crescent holder 51 is fixed to the reinforcing material 4, which prevents the crescent holder 51 from becoming detached as shown in Figure 4(C).

[0021] (Structure that protects both ends of the outer joint frame 211 and the lower frame 32 of the inner shoji screen 3 from heat) As shown in FIG. 3, the fireproof structure of the embodiment employs another fireproof structure in addition to the hollow portion 22 and the reinforcing material 4, making it a more fire-resistant structure. The main components that make up the separate fire-resistant structure are the hacker 72, the back plate 6, and the hollow portion 22.

[0022] (hacker) Figure 6 is an explanatory diagram of the hacker 72. Figure 6(A) is an explanatory diagram of the outer shoji 2 and the mounting position of its hacker 72, and Figure 6(B) is an enlarged view of the box C attached to Figure 6(A). As mentioned above, the wire 71 is wound around the tire 73 on the balancer 7. The hacker 72 is a member that connects the inner shoji 3, the outer shoji 2, and the wire 71, and a hacker 72 for the inner shoji 3 and a hacker 72 for the outer shoji 2 are attached to the ends of the wire 71. The wire 71 is fixed to the wire mounting portion 723 at the end of the hacker 72. Since the structure of the hacker 72 for the inner shoji 3 and the outer shoji 2 is the same, this specification will explain the mounting structure of the hacker 72 to the outer joint frame 211 of the outer shoji 2.

[0023] (Hacker Structure) FIG. 6C is an enlarged view of the hacker 72. The hacker 72 has a two-layer structure, with a resin part 724 on the outside and a metal part 725 on the inside. The metal portion 725 of the hacker 72 is a substantially L-shaped plate. The hacker 72 is a component that prevents the inner shoji screen 3 and outer shoji screen 2 from swinging in and out of the room, and the outer side that comes into contact with the frame is made of a resin part 724. Wire attachment portion 723 is located on a vertical piece at one end of substantially L-shaped metal portion 725. A hole (not visible in FIG. 6(C)) through which wire 71, which serves as wire attachment portion 723, passes is formed in the vertical piece. The end of wire 71 is passed through the hole in wire attachment portion 723 and attached to wire attachment portion 723 in a loop shape. A positioning groove 721 is provided at the tip of the other end (the end attached to the frame) of the approximately L-shaped bottom surface of the hacker 72. Furthermore, a substantially oval hacker fixing elongated hole 722 opens at the middle position of the bottom surface of the hacker 72. When the bottom of the hacker 72 is attached to the bottom wall 213 of the outer shoji screen 2 or the bottom wall 323 of the lower frame of the inner shoji screen 3 as described below, the metal part 725 contributes to improved fire resistance, and even if the resin part 724 melts, the metal part 725 remains, preventing the hacker 72 from coming off the inner shoji screen 3 or the outer shoji screen 2. Furthermore, a pair of vibration-stopping portions 724a that bulge outward from the interior of the room are provided on the substantially L-shaped vertical arm of the resin portion 724 of the hacker 72. The vibration-stopping portions 724a are members that stop vibration in the indoor and outdoor directions, and function as vibration-stopping portions while not making any noise even when they hit the frame body 11, etc.

[0024] (Structure of the outer joint frame side) A positioning screw 75 is pre-installed in the bottom wall 213 of the outer joint frame 211. The positioning screw 75 is not fully tightened, but stops partway, leaving the threads. The positioning screw 75 passes through the bottom wall 213 of the outer joint frame 211 and secures it to the back plate 6, which is inserted into the hollow portion 22 of the outer joint frame 211 (described later). The metal part 725 of the hacker 72, the bottom wall 213 of the outer joint frame 211, and the back plate 6 are all made of metal, and are fastened together in a superimposed manner as described above, which contributes to improved fire resistance. The bottom frame 32 of the inner shoji screen 3 is similarly fastened together in a superimposed manner, with the metal part 725 of the hacker 72, the bottom wall 323 of the hacker 72, and the back plate 6 achieving the same effect. The bottom wall 213 is also provided with a stile-side hacker fixing hole 78 .

[0025] (Hacker installation procedure) The worker brings the hacker 72 into contact with the bottom wall 213 of the outer joint frame 211 from the outside and slides it until the positioning screw 75 is caught in the positioning groove 721. The balancer 72 stops when the positioning screw 75 abuts against the positioning groove 721. The balancer elongated fixing hole 722 is opened so that it coincides with the stile-side balancer fixing hole 78. When the worker firmly tightens the positioning screw 75 and then inserts the balancer fixing screw 76 from the stile-side fixing hole 722 through the stile-side fixing hole 78, the balancer is fastened together with the back plate 6 inserted into the hollow portion 22 of the outer joint frame 211 (described later). The fixing position of the balancer 72 can be adjusted within the range of the oval shaped balancer elongated fixing hole 722, allowing fine adjustment of the effectiveness of the balancer 7.

[0026] Figure 7 is an explanatory diagram of a casement window 1 of an embodiment with a hacker 72 attached. Through the above process, the hacker 72 is fixed to the bottom wall 213 of the outer joint frame 21 and the bottom wall 323 of the lower frame of the inner shoji screen 3. Both ends of the bottom wall 213 of the outer joint frame 21 and both ends of the bottom wall 323 of the lower frame of the inner shoji screen 2 are sandwiched between the hacker 72 and the back panel 6 and are protected from heat in the event of a fire. As will be described in more detail later, both ends are protected from deformation even if the aluminum melts.

[0027] (Structure inside the hollow section) Figure 8 is an explanatory diagram of the back plate 6 and reinforcing material 4 installed in the hollow portion 22. Figure 8(A) is an explanatory diagram of the position of the back plate 6 and reinforcing material 4 in the hollow portion 22. The bottom wall 213 in Figure 8(A) is the bottom wall 213 of the hollow portion 22 and also the bottom wall 213 of the outer shoji screen 2. Figure 8(B) is a perspective view of the bottom wall 213 seen from the outside, and Figure 8(A) is a plan view of the hollow portion 22 to explain the position of the back plate 6 and reinforcing material 4 in the hollow portion 22. On the bottom wall 213 of the hollow portion 22 in FIG. 8(A), flat back plates 6 are disposed at both ends, and a reinforcing member 4 having a trapezoidal cross section is disposed in the approximate center. 8(C) is a cross-sectional view of the fixing portion between the hacker 72 and the back plate 6. FIG. 8(D) is a cross-sectional view of the fixing portion between the mounting base 511 and the reinforcing member 4. The reinforcing member 4, located approximately in the center of the hollow portion 22, firmly fixes the mounting base 511 by sandwiching a projection wall 221 between the reinforcing member 4 and the mounting base 511 and fastening the screws 222 together. At the same time, the strength of the outer joint frame 211 in this area is improved by being fastened together. This prevents the crescent receiver 51 attached to the mounting base 511 from moving and unlocking in the event of a fire.

[0028] The back plate 6 is made of a heat-resistant material such as stainless steel or steel, and prevents the hacker 72 from coming off even if the aluminum alloy outer joint frame 211 melts or deforms to some extent. The long hole 722 for fixing the hacker and the positioning screw hole 751 in the back plate 6 are used to fix the hacker 72, which is abutted against the outside of the bottom wall 213 of the outer joint frame 211 (hollow section 22), with a positioning screw 75 and a hacker fixing screw 76. The positioning screw 75 and the hacker fixing screw 76 are fixed between the hacker 72 and the back plate 6 with the bottom wall 213 sandwiched therebetween, so that the hacker 72 is firmly fixed and this area is integrated with the outer joint frame 211, improving its strength.

[0029] The embodiment not only improves the fire resistance of both the hacker 72 and the crescent receiver 51, but also improves the strength of the outer joint frame 211 itself by arranging reinforcing members with different roles, such as a back plate 6, a reinforcing member 4, and another back plate 6, side by side within the hollow portion 22. In the embodiment, the strength of the outer joint frame 211 is improved, so that the outer joint frame 211 has high resistance to deformation in the event of a fire, which serves to prevent the occurrence of the situation shown in Figure 4.

[0030] (Variation 1) 9A and 9B are explanatory diagrams of modified examples. Fig. 9A is an explanatory diagram of modified example 1 using a reinforcing member 4 with a U-shaped cross section. The reinforcing member 4 has a U-shaped cross section. In the example of Fig. 8, there is a tapping hole in the visible wall 221 in the hollow portion 22, and the trapezoidal reinforcing member 4 is not in close contact with the visible wall 221. In variant example 1, no tapping holes are made in the visible wall 221 inside the hollow section 22, and the reinforcing material 4 with a U-shaped cross section firmly abuts against the visible wall 221 of the hollow section 22, as well as against the bottom wall 213 of the hollow section 22 and one of the pair of side walls 225. The reinforcing material 4 of the first modification abuts at many points within the hollow portion 22, and therefore improves the strength of the hollow portion 22 more than in the embodiment. Furthermore, since it also serves as the back plate 6, the number of parts can be reduced. There is another advantage to having the reinforcing member 4 function as the backing plate 6. Because the reinforcing member 4 is a single member that runs through the hollow portion 22, it is possible to eliminate any gaps that may form between the backing plate 6 and the reinforcing member 4, as shown in Figure 8. In the example of Figure 8, stress is concentrated in the gap, and when exposed to the heat of a fire, there is a risk of bending from this gap, but this does not happen with Modified Example 1.

[0031] (Variation 2) 9(B) is an explanatory diagram of Modification 2 using a reinforcing material 4 with a rectangular cross section. The reinforcing material 4 has a rectangular cross section, and is expected to have even higher strength than Modification 1. As described above, various modifications to the shape and structure of the reinforcing material 4 are included in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0032] By forming the reinforcing member 4 into a U-shape or a square-shape, the reinforcing member 4 becomes a member having an upper wall and a lower wall. The projecting wall 221 of the hollow portion 22 is sandwiched between the upper wall of the reinforcing member 4 and the mounting base 511 and fastened together, firmly fixing the mounting base 511. Furthermore, the lower wall of the reinforcing member 4 serves as the back plate 6 that fixes the hacker 72.

[0033] (Summary of the effects of the examples) The mounting base 511, reinforcing material 4, and front wall 221 are clamped together by the front piece 5111 of the mounting base 511 and the reinforcing material 4. The reinforcing material 4 is provided with a co-fastening screw hole 223, and the co-fastening screw 222 is inserted into the co-fastening screw hole 223 of the reinforcing material 4, firmly fastening the front piece 5111 of the mounting base 511 together with the front wall 221. At the same time, by being fastened together, the strength of the outer joint frame 211 in this area is improved, contributing to improved fire resistance. This prevents the crescent receiver 51 attached to the mounting base 511 from moving and unlocking in the event of a fire, contributing to improved fire prevention performance. Furthermore, the hacker 72 is abutted against the outside of the bottom wall 213 of the hollow section 22 and is fastened together with the back plate 6 placed at the end of the hollow section 22. Even if the outer joint frame 211, which is an aluminum extrusion, melts slightly, the back plate 6, which is highly heat-resistant, such as made of stainless steel or steel, prevents the hacker 72 from falling off, thereby contributing to fire prevention performance. Furthermore, by making the reinforcing material 4 U-shaped or square-shaped so that it can also function as the backing plate 6, the number of parts can be reduced and the strength is increased, contributing to fire prevention performance.

[0034] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the drawings, the specific configurations are not limited to these embodiments, and the present invention also includes design changes and the like within the scope of the present invention that do not deviate from the gist of the present invention.

[0035] Furthermore, the above-described embodiments and modifications can be combined by utilizing the techniques of each other, as long as there are no particular contradictions or problems in the purpose, configuration, etc. [Explanation of symbols]

[0036] 1. Sliding window 11 Frame 12 Upper frame 2. Outer Shoji Screen 21 Outside shoji frame 211 Outside frame 212 Panel swallowing groove 213 Bottom Wall 22 Hollow part 221 Exterior wall 222 Co-tightening screw 223 Co-tightening screw hole 225 Side wall 3 Inner Shoji Screen 31 Inner shoji frame 311 Inner joint frame 32 Lower stile 323 Lower stile bottom wall 4 Reinforcement 5 Crescent Tablets 51 Crescent receiver 511 Mounting base 5111 Prospect 5112 Finding piece 52 Crescent body 53 Crescent holder connecting screw 6 Back plate 7. Balancer 71 Wire 72 Hacker 721 Positioning groove 722 Hacker fixed slot 723 Wire attachment part 724 Resin part 724a Vibration Rest 725 Metal parts 73 Tires 74 Tire Cover 75 Set screw 751 Positioning screw hole 76 Hacker fixing screws 78 Stile side hacker fixing hole 8 Panels

Claims

[Claim 1] Equipped with outer joint frame, reinforcement and crescent support, The outer joint frame has a panel swallowing groove and a hollow part at the bottom. The reinforcing material is provided in the hollow portion, The crescent receiver has an L-shaped mounting base that is inserted into the panel groove, A casement window characterized in that a recessed wall forming a hollow space is fastened together by a recessed piece of a mounting base and a reinforcing material.

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