Fertilizer seeder and fertilization method

Abstract

To provide a fertilizer seeder capable of reducing the amount of fertilizer when performing fertilization on a seed bed.SOLUTION: A fertilizer seeder 1 comprises: a furrow-forming device 4 which forms a fertilizing furrow in a seed bed B shaped into ridges; a fertilizing device 5 which supplies fertilizer into the fertilizing furrow formed by the furrow-forming device 4; and a seeding device 7 which seeds the seed bed B. A fertilization seeding unit U is constituted by a pair of seeding devices 7 arranged in a width direction intersecting a traveling direction, and the furrow-forming device 4 arranged between the pair of seeding devices 7 in the width direction. One or more fertilization-seeding units U are arranged in the width direction.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a fertilizer seed sowing machine and a fertilizer application method. [Background technology]

[0002] Conventionally, as a fertilization method when soil that has been tilled with a rotary tiller is shaped into ridges using a ridge-forming tool and then seeds are sown, a technique is known in which fertilizer is applied to the entire uncultivated land in front of the rotary tiller in the direction of travel, and the fertilizer is then mixed throughout the land by the rotary tiller, as described in paragraph

[0002] of Patent Document 1, for example.

[0003] Patent document 2 also discloses a seedbed former that is equipped with a ridge forming section and a furrow forming section, in which the ridge former forms ridges in the soil to create a seedbed, the furrow forming section forms furrows in the seedbed, and fertilizer is added to the front of the furrow forming section and seeds are added to the rear of the furrow forming section. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-16937 [Patent Document 2] Patent No. 6253018 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] In recent years, there has been a demand for reducing the amount of fertilizer applied to soil. However, as described in Patent Document 1, it is difficult to reduce the amount of fertilizer applied with the technology of applying fertilizer to the entire soil.

[0006] Furthermore, when the seedbed forming device described in Patent Document 2 was used to form soil ridges, apply fertilizer, and sow seeds, there was a limit to how much the amount of fertilizer could be reduced because both fertilization and sowing were carried out in the furrows formed by the furrow forming section.

[0007] Therefore, the present invention provides a fertilizer seed spreader and a fertilization method that can reduce the amount of fertilizer applied when fertilizing a seedbed. [Means for solving the problem]

[0008] The fertilizer seed spreader and fertilization method that solve the above problems have the following features.

[0009] In other words, the fertilizer seeding machine comprises a furrow former that forms fertilizer furrows in a ridged seedbed, a fertilizer application device that supplies fertilizer to the fertilizer furrows formed by the furrow former, and a sowing device that sows seeds in the seedbed, and a fertilizer sowing unit is formed by a pair of sowing devices arranged in a width direction that intersects the direction of travel and the furrow former that is arranged between the pair of sowing devices in the width direction, and one or more of the fertilizer sowing units are arranged in the width direction.

[0010] This allows the amount of fertilizer to be reduced when sowing and fertilizing the seedbed.

[0011] It also has a front frame extending along the width direction and a rear frame extending along the width direction behind the front frame, and the furrow former is supported on the front frame so that it can move in the width direction, and the sowing device is supported on the rear frame so that it can move in the width direction.

[0012] This allows for greater flexibility in fertilizing and sowing operations.

[0013] The furrow former also has a front plate facing in a direction inclined relative to the direction of travel, and a pair of side plates extending rearward from the front plate and spaced apart in the width direction, and the fertilizer applicator supplies fertilizer into the space surrounded by the front plate and the pair of side plates.

[0014] This prevents the supplied fertilizer from falling outside the space surrounded by the front panel and the pair of side panels.

[0015] In addition, the fertilization method is a method of applying fertilization to a seedbed in which multiple seed rows are formed in the width direction, and fertilization is carried out between the seed rows in the seedbed, and fertilization between the seed rows is carried out so that the seedbed includes a first seed row space to which fertilization has been applied and a second seed row space to which fertilization has not been applied.

[0016] This allows the amount of fertilizer to be reduced when fertilizing the seedbed.

[0017] The first seeding row spaces and the second seeding row spaces are alternately positioned in the width direction.

[0018] This effectively reduces the amount of fertilizer applied to the seedbed.

[0019] In addition, the fertilization is carried out by forming a fertilization furrow deeper than the sowing depth between the seed rows and supplying fertilizer to a position deeper than the sowing position in the seedbed.

[0020] This allows fertilizer to be effectively supplied to the seed rows. [Effects of the Invention]

[0021] According to the present invention, the amount of fertilizer applied when sowing seeds and applying fertilizer to a seedbed can be reduced. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0022] [Figure 1] FIG. 2 is a side view showing the fertilizer seeding machine. [Figure 2] FIG. [Figure 3] FIG. [Figure 4] FIG. 1 shows a seedbed that has been fertilized and sown by a fertilizer planter. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0023] Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0024] The fertilizer seed spreader 1 shown in Figures 1 to 3 is one embodiment of the fertilizer seed spreader according to the present invention, and is used by being attached to the rear of a traveling vehicle such as a tractor. The fertilizer seed spreader 1 spreads fertilizer and sows seeds in a seedbed that has been tilled and ridged.

[0025] In the following description, the "left-right direction," "left side," and "right side" in Figures 1 and 2 are defined as the "traveling direction," "front side," and "rear side" of the fertilizer seed applicator 1, respectively, and the "up-down direction," "lower side," and "upper side" in Figure 2 are defined as the "width direction," "left side," and "right side" of the fertilizer seed applicator 1, respectively. Furthermore, the "up-down direction," "upper side," and "lower side" in Figures 1 and 3 are defined as the "up-down direction," "upper side," and "lower side" of the fertilizer seed applicator 1, respectively.

[0026] The "left-right direction" in Figure 3 is the "width direction" of the fertilizer seed spreader 1, and the "left side" and "right side" in Figure 3 are respectively the "left side" and "right side" of the fertilizer seed spreader 1. The traveling direction of the fertilizer seed spreader 1 and the front-to-rear direction of the fertilizer seed spreader 1 coincide, and the width direction of the fertilizer seed spreader 1 and the left-to-right direction of the fertilizer seed spreader 1 coincide.

[0027] [Fertilizing seeding machine] The fertilizing seeder 1 includes a hitch unit 2, a support frame 3, a furrow former 4, a fertilizing device 5, a drive unit 6, and a seeding device 7.

[0028] (Hitch unit) The hitch unit 2 is attached to an attachment beam B of the implement attachment device located at the rear of the tractor. The attachment beam B extends in a width direction that intersects with the traveling direction of the fertilizer seeding machine 1, and the hitch unit 2 is attached to two locations in the width direction of the attachment beam B.

[0029] (support frame) The support frame 3 includes a front frame 31, front and rear frames 32, and a rear frame 33. The front frame 31 extends in the width direction and is attached to the rear of the hitch unit 14. The front and rear frames 32 extend rearward from both left and right ends of the front frame 31.

[0030] The rear frame 33 is supported on the rear ends of the front and rear frames 32. The rear frame 33 extends in the width direction behind the front frame 31, and the left and right ends of the rear frame 33 are connected to the rear ends of the front and rear frames 32.

[0031] The front frame 31 supports the furrow former 4, the fertilizer applicator 5, and the drive unit 6. The furrow former 4 is supported on the front frame 31 so as to be movable in the width direction. One or more furrow formers 4 may be provided. In this embodiment, two furrow formers 4 are provided, and the two furrow formers 4 are arranged side by side in the width direction.

[0032] The rear frame 33 supports the sowing device 7. The sowing device 7 is supported on the rear frame 33 so as to be movable in the width direction. A plurality of sowing devices 7 are provided. In this embodiment, four sowing devices 7 are provided, and the four sowing devices 7 are arranged side by side in the width direction.

[0033] (Groove machine) The furrow former 4 includes a front plate 41, side plates 42, mounting brackets 43, and a support rod 44. The front plate 41 has a left front plate 41a and a right front plate 41b. The left front plate 41a and the right front plate 41b are formed of plate-like members that face in a direction inclined with respect to the direction of travel. Specifically, the left front plate 41a is inclined leftward from its front end toward the rear, and the right front plate 41b is inclined rightward from its front end toward the rear.

[0034] The front end of the left front panel 41a and the front end of the right front panel 41b are connected, and the left front panel 41a and the right front panel 41b form a triangle whose apex is located at the front end. The front panel 41 is also inclined downward so that the upper end protrudes further forward than the lower end.

[0035] In this embodiment, the front panel 41 is formed in a triangular shape by a left front panel 41a and a right front panel 41b, but it need only face in a direction inclined relative to the direction of travel, and can also be formed by a flat plate-like member having a downwardly inclined surface facing the direction of travel.

[0036] Side plates 42 extend rearward from the rear ends of the left front plate 41a and the right front plate 41b of the front plate 41. A pair of side plates 42 are provided with a gap in the width direction. The side plates 42 are formed of plate-shaped members facing in the left-right direction.

[0037] The mounting bracket 43 is formed in a U-shape with an open front when viewed in the width direction, and is fitted to the front frame 31 from the rear. The mounting bracket 43 is fitted to the front frame 31 so as to be movable in the left-right direction. The mounting bracket 43 can be fixed in its position in the width direction by tightening it while fitted to the front frame 31, and its position in the width direction can be adjusted by loosening it while fitted to the front frame 31.

[0038] The support rod 44 is a rod-shaped member that extends in the vertical direction, and the mounting bracket 43 is connected to the upper end of the support rod 44, and the front panel 41 and the side panel 42 are connected to the lower end of the support rod 44. The support rod 44 is configured to be extendable and retractable, and by extending and contracting the support rod 44, the vertical positions of the front panel 41 and the side panel 42 can be adjusted.

[0039] The furrow former 4 forms a fertilizer furrow on the top surface of the ridged seedbed. Specifically, when the fertilizer seeder 1 moves forward in the direction of travel, the front plate 41 and side plates 42 of the furrow former 4 are pressed against the top surface of the seedbed, forming a furrow extending along the direction of travel between the pair of side plates 42.

[0040] The furrow former 4 is supported on the front frame 31 so as to be movable in the width direction, and therefore the row spacing of the furrow former 4 can be adjusted by moving the furrow former 4 in the width direction.

[0041] (Fertilizer) The fertilizer applicator 5 supplies fertilizer to the fertilizer furrows formed by the furrow former 4. The fertilizer applicator 5 includes a fertilizer hopper 51, a fertilizer delivery section 52, and a fertilizer pipe 53. Fertilizer is stored in the fertilizer hopper 51.

[0042] The fertilizer feeding unit 52 is connected to the lower end of the fertilizer hopper 51, and the front part of the fertilizer feeding unit 52 is fixed to the front frame 31. A fertilizer pipe 53 extends downward from the fertilizer feeding unit 52, and the lower end of the fertilizer pipe 53 enters the space surrounded by the front plate 41 and the pair of side plates 42 of the furrow former 4.

[0043] The fertilizer stored in the fertilizer hopper 51 is fed to the fertilizer pipe 53 by the fertilizer feeding section 52, and the fertilizer is supplied through the fertilizer pipe 53 into the space surrounded by the front plate 41 and the pair of side plates 42 of the furrow former 4. The fertilizer supplied into the space surrounded by the front plate 41 and the pair of side plates 42 falls into the fertilizer furrow formed by the front plate 41 and the pair of side plates 42.

[0044] In this case, the fertilizer is supplied into the space surrounded by the front panel 41 and a pair of side panels 42, so that the supplied fertilizer can be prevented from falling outside the space surrounded by the front panel 41 and a pair of side panels 42.

[0045] (Drive unit) The drive unit 6 includes a transmission case 61, a ground contact wheel 62, an intermediate case 63, a drive shaft 64, and a cushion spring 65. The upper end of the transmission case 61 is rotatably supported on the left end of the front frame 31, and extends diagonally downward and rearward from the upper end. The ground contact wheel 62 is rotatably supported on the lower end of the transmission case 61. The ground contact wheel 62 rotates when the fertilizer seeder 1 moves along the direction of travel while in contact with the surface of the seedbed.

[0046] The upper end of the transmission case 61 is connected to an intermediate case 63 located to the right of the transmission case 61. A drive shaft 64 extends to the right from the intermediate case 63. The right end of the drive shaft 64 is connected to the fertilizer delivery unit 52 of the fertilizer applicator 5.

[0047] The cushion spring 65 is interposed between the transmission case 61 and the rear frame 33. When the ground contact wheel 62 touches the ground surface, the cushion spring 65 can press the ground contact wheel 62 against the ground surface with a constant pressure. This allows the ground contact wheel 62 to rotate stably without lifting off the ground surface even if the ground surface is uneven.

[0048] In the drive unit 6 configured in this manner, when the ground wheel 62 in contact with the surface of the ground rotates as the fertilizer seeder 1 moves, the rotation of the ground wheel 62 is transmitted to the fertilizer delivery section 52 of the fertilizer applicator 5 via the transmission case 61, the intermediate case 63, and the drive shaft 64. When the rotation of the ground wheel 62 is transmitted to the fertilizer delivery section 52, the fertilizer delivery section 52 is driven, and the fertilizer stored in the fertilizer hopper 51 is delivered to the fertilizer pipe 53.

[0049] (Seeding device) The seed sowing device 7 is located behind the furrow former 4 in the direction of travel. The seed sowing device 7 sows seeds into a ridged seedbed. The seed sowing device 7 includes a mounting bracket 70, a parallel link support 71, a seed sowing frame 72, a drive force take-off wheel 73, a compression wheel 74, a seed feeding device 75, a seed hopper 76, a transmission case 77, a furrow making claw 78, and a soil covering plow 79.

[0050] The mounting bracket 70 is fitted to the rear frame 32. The mounting bracket 70 is fitted to the rear frame 32 so as to be movable in the left-right direction. The mounting bracket 70 can be fixed in its widthwise position by tightening it while fitted to the rear frame 32, and its widthwise position can be adjusted by loosening it while fitted to the rear frame 32.

[0051] The parallel link support 71 has a front end connected to the mounting bracket 70 and a rear end connected to the seeding frame 72. The seeding frame 72 is supported on the rear frame 32 via the mounting bracket 70 and the parallel link support 71. The parallel link support 71 allows the seeding frame 72 to move parallel in the up and down direction.

[0052] The seeding frame 72 extends downward from the rear end of the parallel link support 71 and then extends in the front-to-rear direction. A drive force take-off wheel 73 is rotatably supported at the front end of the seeding frame 72, and a compression wheel 74 is rotatably supported at the rear end of the seeding frame 72. The drive force take-off wheel 73 rotates when the fertilizer seeder 1 moves in the direction of travel while in contact with the surface of the seedbed.

[0053] A seed feeding device 75 is attached between the drive force take-off wheel 73 and the compression wheel 74 on the sowing frame 72. A seed hopper 76 is installed on top of the seed feeding device 75. Seeds are stored in the seed hopper 76, and the seed feeding device 75 is able to feed the seeds stored in the seed hopper 76 downward. A transmission case 77 is provided across the drive force take-off wheel 73 and the seed feeding device 75. The transmission case 77 is able to transmit the rotation of the drive force take-off wheel 73 to the seed feeding device 75.

[0054] A furrow making claw 78 and a soil covering plow 79 are connected to the sowing frame 72 and are located below the sowing frame 72. The furrow making claw 78 is located below the seed feeding device 75. The furrow making claw 78 forms a sowing furrow on the top surface of the ridged seedbed.

[0055] Specifically, when the fertilizer seed applicator 1 moves forward in the direction of travel, the furrow making claws 78 are pressed against the upper surface of the seedbed, forming furrows that extend along the direction of travel. After the seeds fall into the sowing furrows formed by the furrow making claws 78, the soil covering plow 79 covers the sowing furrows with soil.

[0056] In the sowing device 7 configured in this manner, when the driving force take-off wheel 73, which is in contact with the surface of the seedbed, rotates as the fertilizer sowing machine 1 moves, the rotation of the driving force take-off wheel 73 is transmitted to the seed delivery device 75 via the transmission case 77.

[0057] When the rotation of the drive force take-off wheel 73 is transmitted to the seed feeding device 75, the seed feeding device 75 is driven to feed the seeds stored in the seed hopper 76 downward and drop into the sowing furrow formed by the furrow making claws 78. After the seeds have fallen into the sowing furrow, the furrow is covered with soil by the soil covering plow 79 and further compacted by the compacting wheel 74.

[0058] The sowing device 7 is supported on the rear frame 33 so as to be movable in the width direction, and therefore the row spacing of the sowing device 7 can be adjusted by moving the sowing device 7 in the width direction.

[0059] (Fertilizer and seeding unit) In the fertilizing seed sowing machine 1, a fertilizing seed sowing unit U is formed by a pair of sowing devices 7 arranged in the width direction and a furrow former 4 arranged between the pair of sowing devices 7 in the width direction.

[0060] As shown in Figures 2 and 3, in this embodiment, the fertilizing seeding machine 1 is equipped with a first fertilizing seeding unit U1 consisting of one furrow former 4 (4A) arranged on the left side of the two furrow formers 4 and two sowing devices 7 (7A, 7B) arranged on the left side of the four sowing devices 7, and a second fertilizing seeding unit U2 consisting of one furrow former 4 (4B) arranged on the right side of the two furrow formers 4 and two sowing devices 7 (7C, 7D) arranged on the right side of the four sowing devices 7.

[0061] The first fertilizing and seeding unit U1 and the second fertilizing and seeding unit U2 are arranged along the width direction. With this configuration, a furrow former 4A is arranged between the sowing device 7A and the sowing device 7B, and a furrow former 4B is arranged between the sowing device 7C and the sowing device 7D, but no furrow former 4A is arranged between the sowing device 7B and the sowing device 7C.

[0062] In other words, in the width direction of the fertilizer seeder 1, there are parts where a furrow former 4 is arranged between adjacent pairs of sowing devices 7 and 7, and parts where a furrow former 4 is not arranged between adjacent pairs of sowing devices 7 and 7.

[0063] In this embodiment, in the width direction, there are alternately portions where a furrow former 4 is arranged between a pair of adjacent sowing devices 7 and portions where a furrow former 4 is not arranged between a pair of adjacent sowing devices 7 and sowing devices 7. As a result, the number of furrow formers 4 provided in the fertilizing sowing machine 1 is less than the number of sowing devices 7 provided in the fertilizing sowing machine 1.

[0064] [Seeding bed] As shown in Figure 4, by sowing and fertilizing using a fertilizer seed spreader 1 equipped with four seed sowing devices 7 and two furrow formers 4, four seed rows S and two fertilizer rows F are formed in the seedbed B.

[0065] In the seedbed B, a first seeding row S1, a second seeding row S2, a third seeding row S3, and a fourth seeding row S4 are formed from left to right in the width direction. In addition, in the seedbed B, a first fertilization row F1 and a second fertilization row F2 are formed from left to right in the width direction.

[0066] The first seeding row S1 is formed by the seeding device 7A, the second seeding row S2 is formed by the seeding device 7B, the third seeding row S3 is formed by the seeding device 7C, and the fourth seeding row S4 is formed by the seeding device 7D. The first fertilizing row F1 is formed by the furrow former 4A and the fertilizing device 5, and the second fertilizing row F2 is formed by the furrow former 4B and the fertilizing device 5.

[0067] Fertilization by the fertilizer application device 5 is carried out in the space between seeding rows W between seeding rows S in the width direction, and the fertilization row F to which fertilization has been applied is located in the space between seeding rows W. Specifically, the first fertilization row F1 to which fertilization has been applied is located in the space between seeding rows W between the first seeding row S1 and the second seeding row S2, and the second fertilization row F2 to which fertilization has been applied is located in the space between seeding rows W between the third seeding row S3 and the fourth seeding row S4.

[0068] The fertilizer supplied to the first fertilization row F1 is the fertilizer applied to the seeds in the first sowing row S1 and the second sowing row S2, and the fertilizer supplied to the second fertilization row F2 is the fertilizer applied to the seeds in the third sowing row S3 and the fourth sowing row S4.

[0069] The spacing W between the first seed row S1 and the second seed row S2 and the spacing W between the third seed row S3 and the fourth seed row S4 are the first spacing W1 to which fertilization has been applied, and the spacing W between the second seed row S2 and the third seed row S3 is the second spacing W2 to which fertilization has not been applied.

[0070] In other words, when fertilizing a seedbed B in which multiple seed rows S are formed in the width direction using a fertilizer seeder 1, fertilization is carried out between the seed rows W in the seedbed B, and fertilization between the seed rows W is carried out so that the seedbed B includes a first seed row space W1 that has been fertilized and a second seed row space W2 that has not been fertilized.

[0071] In this way, the seedbed B includes the first seed-row spacing W1 to which fertilization has been applied and the second seed-row spacing W2 to which fertilization has not been applied, and therefore the amount of fertilizer to be applied when sowing and fertilizing the seedbed B can be reduced compared to when all seed-row spacings W are the first seed-row spacings W1 to which fertilization has been applied.

[0072] In particular, in the seedbed B, the first seed row spacing W1, which has been fertilized, and the second seed row spacing W2, which has not been fertilized, are positioned alternately in the width direction, so that one fertilizing row F can be used to fertilize two seed rows S, making it possible to effectively reduce the amount of fertilizer to be applied when sowing and fertilizing the seedbed B.

[0073] Fertilizing two seed rows S with one fertilizing row F can be achieved by sowing and fertilizing with a fertilizing planter 1 equipped with one or more fertilizing sowing units U. Therefore, by sowing and fertilizing with the fertilizing planter 1, it is possible to effectively reduce the amount of fertilizer to be applied when sowing and fertilizing the seedbed B.

[0074] Furthermore, in the fertilizer seed applicator 1, the furrow former 4 is configured to form a fertilizer furrow that is deeper than the depth of the seed furrow formed by the furrow forming claws 78 of the seeding device 7. Therefore, in the seedbed B, the fertilizer application depth D2 in the fertilizer application rows F is greater than the sowing depth D1 in the sowing rows S, and fertilizer is supplied to a position deeper than the sowing position.

[0075] This prevents the fertilizer from being exposed on the surface of the seedbed B, making it possible to effectively supply the fertilizer to the seed rows S.

[0076] In addition, in the fertilizer seeding machine 1, the furrow former 4 and the sowing device 7 can be moved in the width direction, so the spacing between the fertilizer rows F and the sowing rows S can be adjusted appropriately, thereby increasing the flexibility of fertilizer application and sowing operations. [Explanation of symbols]

[0077] 1 Fertilizer seeding machine 3 Support frame 4 Groove machine 5 Fertilizer application equipment 7 Seeding device 31 Front frame 33 Rear frame 41 Front panel 42 Side panel B Seeding bed D1 Sowing Deeply D2 fertilization depth F fertilizer strip S Fertilizer Strip U fertilization and sowing ユニット W Sowing strips W1, first sowing strip W2, second sowing strip

Claims

1. A furrow former that forms a fertilizer furrow in the ridged seedbed; a fertilizer application device that supplies fertilizer to the fertilizer application furrow formed by the furrow former; A seeding device for sowing seeds in the seedbed; Equipped with A pair of the seeding devices arranged in a width direction intersecting with the traveling direction; The furrow former disposed between the pair of seeding devices in the width direction constitutes a fertilizing seeding unit, A fertilizer seeder characterized in that one or more of the fertilizer seeder units are arranged in the width direction.

2. a front frame extending along the width direction; and a rear frame extending along the width direction behind the front frame, the groove former is supported by the front frame so as to be movable in the width direction, The fertilizer seeder according to claim 1 , wherein the seeding device is supported on the rear frame so as to be movable in the width direction.

3. the groove former includes a front plate facing in a direction inclined with respect to the traveling direction, and a pair of side plates extending rearward from the front plate and spaced apart in the width direction; The fertilizer seeder according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the fertilizer applicator supplies fertilizer into a space surrounded by the front plate and the pair of side plates.

4. A fertilization method for applying fertilizer to a seedbed in which a plurality of seed rows are formed in the width direction, Fertilization is carried out between seed rows in the seedbed, A fertilization method characterized in that fertilization to the seed row spaces is carried out so that the seedbed includes a first seed row space to which fertilization has been applied and a second seed row space to which fertilization has not been applied.

5. The fertilization method according to claim 4, wherein the first seed row spacings and the second seed row spacings are alternately positioned in the width direction.

6. The fertilization is A fertilization groove deeper than the sowing depth is formed between the seeding rows, The fertilization method according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the fertilizer is supplied to a position deeper than the sowing position in the seedbed.

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