Resin floor material

Abstract

To provide a resin floor material excellent in anti-slip property.SOLUTION: A surface layer having an uneven region in which unevenness is formed is provided, the uneven region includes a striped uneven region S in which a plurality of long protrusions SP that are linear in plan view and a long recesses SQ that are formed between the long protrusions adjacent to each other and are linear in plan view are formed, and surface roughness Ra of the long protrusions SP is smaller than surface roughness Ra of the long recesses SQ.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 8

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a resin flooring material having an uneven surface. [Background technology]

[0002] Resin flooring is a flooring material that contains a resin layer such as vinyl chloride resin as its main component. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a flooring material that includes a sheet containing vinyl chloride resin, a colorant, and a filler, and that has, on the surface of the sheet, a first aggregate portion where a plurality of vinyl chloride resin particles are aggregated and exposed and that exhibits a predetermined color, a second aggregate portion where a plurality of vinyl chloride resin particles are aggregated and exposed and that exhibits a color different from that of the first aggregate portion, and recesses formed in each of the first aggregate portion and the second aggregate portion, and that filler particles smaller than the vinyl chloride resin particles are collected and attached to the surface of the recesses. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Patent Publication No. 2021-46777 Summary of the Invention

[0004] The flooring material of Patent Document 1 has an appearance that looks like it has been sprinkled with fine sand. Resin flooring materials are required to have various functions, but anti-slip properties, which are the property of preventing slipping, are particularly important. For example, if water adheres to the surface of a resin flooring material, it becomes slippery when walking on it. For this reason, flooring materials that can quickly disperse water from the surface in the direction of the surface have excellent slip resistance, and flooring materials that have excellent drying properties have even better slip resistance. [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] An object of the present invention is to provide a resin flooring material with excellent anti-slip properties. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] The first form of resin flooring has a surface layer with an uneven region where irregularities are formed, and the uneven region includes a striped uneven region formed between a plurality of long convex portions that are linear in plan view and adjacent long convex portions and where long concave portions that are linear in plan view are formed, and the surface roughness Ra of the long convex portions is configured to be smaller than the surface roughness Ra of the long concave portions.

[0007] A second form of resin flooring is the first form of resin flooring, wherein the planar shape of the striped uneven area is an elongated rectangle with a first direction as its minor axis and a second direction perpendicular to the first direction as its major axis, and the striped uneven area includes a striped uneven area having elongated convex portions extending within a range of ±30 degrees from the first direction, and the area ratio of the striped uneven area having elongated convex portions extending within a range of ±30 degrees from the first direction is 40% to 80% when the total area of ​​the striped uneven area is 100%. The third form of resin flooring is the first or second form of resin flooring, wherein the uneven region further includes a matte uneven region, and the planar shapes of the striped uneven region and the matte uneven region are each elongated rectangular shapes with a first direction as their minor axis and a second direction perpendicular to the first direction as their major axis, and the elongated rectangular striped uneven region and the elongated rectangular matte uneven region have portions arranged adjacent to each other in the first direction. The fourth form of resin flooring is the third form of resin flooring, in which the area ratio of the striped pattern uneven region is 40% to 80% when the surface area of ​​the surface layer is 100%, and the area ratio of the matte uneven region is 15% to 50% when the surface area of ​​the surface layer is 100%. [Effects of the Invention]

[0008] Resin flooring has excellent water diffusivity, and by laying such resin flooring on the floor surface, a non-slip floor structure can be constructed. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0009] [Figure 1] 1 is a schematic plan view of a resin flooring material according to a first embodiment, with some parts omitted. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line II-II in FIG. 1. [Figure 3] Schematic cross-sectional view of a resin flooring material according to a second embodiment. [Figure 4] Schematic cross-sectional view of a resin flooring material according to a third embodiment. [Figure 5] Schematic cross-sectional view of a resin flooring material according to a fourth embodiment. [Figure 6] A photograph of the surface of a resin flooring material. [Figure 7] FIG. 7 is an enlarged plan view of part VII of FIG. 6. [Figure 8] FIG. 8 is an end view taken along line VIII-VIII in FIG. 7. [Figure 9] FIG. 9 is an end view taken along line IX-IX in FIG. 7. [Figure 10] FIG. 8 is an end view taken along line XX in FIG. 7. [Figure 11] FIG. 10 is an end view taken along line XI-XI in FIG. [Figure 12] FIG. 8 is an end view taken along line XII-XII in FIG. 7. [Figure 13] FIG. 10 is a reference diagram for explaining the extending direction of the elongated convex portion inclined with respect to the first direction. [Figure 14] FIG. 10 is an enlarged end view of the circled portion XIV in FIG. 8. [Figure 15] FIG. 2 is a front view of a vinyl chloride resin particle. [Figure 16] Schematic diagram of a resin flooring manufacturing device. [Figure 17] A perspective view of a floor structure in which resin flooring material is installed on the floor surface. [Figure 18] Photograph of the surface of the resin flooring material produced in Example 1. [Figure 19] An enlarged photograph of a portion of the surface of the resin flooring material. [Figure 20] 10 is a graph showing the angle of the elongated convex portions of the striped concave-convex regions of Example 1 relative to the first direction and the area ratio of the striped concave-convex regions at each angle. FIG. [Figure 21]Photograph of the image used when measuring surface roughness Ra. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0010] The present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In this specification, "planar view" refers to a view from a direction perpendicular to the surface of the resin flooring (normal direction), and "planar view shape" refers to the shape when viewed from that direction. Also, in this specification, "first direction" and "second direction" refer to directions perpendicular to each other within the surface of the resin flooring. In this specification, a numerical range expressed as "lower limit X to upper limit Y" means a range from lower limit X to upper limit Y. When a plurality of such numerical ranges are separately described, any lower limit and any upper limit can be selected to set "any lower limit to any upper limit." It should be noted that the thickness of layers, dimensions such as particle size, and various shapes shown in each drawing may differ from the actual ones.

[0011] <Outline of resin flooring materials> Fig. 1 is a plan view of a resin flooring material 1. Note that the surface of the resin flooring material 1 has irregularities formed thereon, but these are not shown in Fig. 1. In FIG. 1, a resin flooring material 1 has a surface layer 2 . The resin flooring material 1 of this embodiment may be formed in a long strip shape, as shown in FIG. 1, or may be formed in a sheet shape, although not specifically shown. The long strip shape refers to a generally rectangular shape in plan view, with one dimension being significantly longer than the other dimensions. The long strip resin flooring material 1 has a length in the first direction of, for example, 400 mm to 4000 mm, preferably 800 mm to 3000 mm. The long strip resin flooring material 1 also has a length in the second direction of 5 m or more, preferably 10 m or more. The illustrated example shows a resin flooring material 1 with a length in the first direction of 2000 mm and a length in the second direction of 5 m or more. The long strip resin flooring material 1 is also referred to as a floor sheet. The "single-sheet" refers to a material formed in a predetermined shape, such as a substantially square shape in plan view, and generally refers to a shape that can be stacked for storage and transportation. Examples of the single-sheet resin flooring material include a square or rectangular shape with a length in the first direction of 200 mm to 1000 mm and a length in the second direction of 200 mm to 1000 mm. Single-sheet resin flooring materials are also called floor tiles.

[0012] The resin flooring 1 does not have to be flexible, but is preferably flexible. For example, the degree of flexibility is such that the back side of the resin flooring 1 can be wound around a core with a diameter of 10 cm. The thickness of the resin flooring 1 is not particularly limited and is, for example, 1.5 mm to 7 mm, and preferably 2 mm to 5 mm.

[0013] Figure 2 shows the resin flooring 1 of the first embodiment, Figure 3 shows the resin flooring 1 of the second embodiment, Figure 4 shows the resin flooring 1 of the third embodiment, and Figure 5 shows the resin flooring 1 of the fourth embodiment. Figures 2 to 4 do not show the irregularities formed on the surface of the resin flooring 1. In addition, plan views of the resin flooring 1 of the second to fourth embodiments are omitted because they are similar to Figure 1. In FIG. 2, one example of a resin flooring material 1 has, in order from the surface side, a surface layer 2, a fiber-reinforced layer 3, and a back layer 4. In Figure 3, another exemplary resin flooring material 1 has a surface layer 2, a back layer 4 consisting of a two-layer structure of a first back layer 41 and a second back layer 42, and a fiber reinforcement layer 3 interposed between the first back layer 41 and the second back layer 42. In FIG. 4, another example of a resin flooring material 1 has, in order from the surface side, a surface layer 2, a back layer 4, and a fiber-reinforced layer 3. In Figure 5, another exemplary resin flooring material 1 has, from the surface side, a surface layer 2 and a back layer 4 consisting of a three-layer structure of a first back layer 41, a second back layer 42, and a third back layer 43.

[0014] <Surface layer> [Surface shape of surface layer] Fig. 6 is a photograph of the surface of the resin flooring material 1, and Fig. 7 is an enlarged plan view of a portion of the photograph, in which the central portion in the first direction is omitted. 6 and 7, the surface layer 2 of the resin flooring 1 has an uneven region where irregularities are formed. In other words, the surface of the surface layer 2 is uneven, and the portion of the surface of the surface layer 2 where the irregularities are formed is the uneven region. The entire surface of the surface layer 2 may be the uneven region, or a flat region V where no irregularities are formed may exist in a portion of the surface of the surface layer 2. The illustrated example is the latter case, in which the surface of the surface layer 2 is made up of multiple uneven regions and multiple flat regions V, and the area of ​​the uneven region is sufficiently larger than the area of ​​the flat region V.

[0015] The uneven region includes a plurality of striped uneven regions S that present a striped pattern appearance due to the unevenness, and a plurality of matte uneven regions T that present a matte pattern appearance due to the unevenness.

[0016] The planar shapes of the striped textured regions S, the textured textured regions T, and the flat regions V (hereinafter, the striped textured regions S, the textured textured regions T, and the flat regions V may be collectively referred to as "regions S, T, and V") are each elongated rectangular shapes with the first direction as the minor axis and the second direction as the major axis. The rectangular shapes of the regions S, T, and V in planar views with the second direction as the major axis provide a sense of directionality to the design. When installing the resin flooring 1 in a passageway or entrance, aligning the second direction with the direction of foot traffic can be expected to create a visually guiding effect. While most of the regions S, T, and V are elongated rectangular shapes in planar views, they may also include a small number of striped textured regions, textured textured regions, and flat regions that are elongated polygonal shapes other than rectangles, such as triangular or pentagonal shapes in planar views. The area of ​​the rectangular region is preferably 70% or more, and more preferably 80% or more, of the total surface area of ​​the flooring material, which can improve water diffusion. At least one of the elongated rectangular regions S, T, and V may be elongated and rectangular in plan view. However, from the perspective of design originality, it is preferable that the planar shape of each of the elongated and rectangular regions S, T, and V be a non-rectangular elongated and rectangular shape. Furthermore, including a non-rectangular elongated and rectangular shape has the effect of reducing the sense of incongruity of the design that occurs at the seams of the resin flooring 1 after construction. When constructing the resin flooring 1, the resin flooring 1 is appropriately cut to adjoin the seams, resulting in non-rectangular rectangular areas adjacent to the seams. However, by including a non-rectangular elongated and rectangular shape in the surface design of the resin flooring 1, it becomes difficult to distinguish this from the non-rectangular rectangular shape created by the cutting, thereby reducing the sense of incongruity of the constructed floor structure.

[0017] The arrangement of the striped uneven region S, the matte uneven region T, and the flat region V is basically random. However, the surface of the resin flooring 1 has a portion where the rectangular striped uneven region S and the rectangular matte uneven region T are arranged adjacent to each other in the first direction. Similarly, the surface of the resin flooring 1 has a portion where the rectangular striped uneven region S and the rectangular flat region V are arranged adjacent to each other in the first direction. Similarly, the surface of the resin flooring 1 has a portion where the rectangular matte uneven region T and the rectangular flat region V are arranged adjacent to each other in the first direction.

[0018] Referring to Figure 6, the boundaries of each of the regions S, T, and V, which are elongated rectangles not including rectangles in plan view, are zigzag along the first and second directions in plan view. It is preferable that the boundaries separating the regions S, T, and V are not parallel to the first direction. This improves slip resistance when a person walks along the first direction. In some locations, the boundaries of the regions S, T, and V are linear and extend parallel to the second direction. In Figure 6, the linear boundaries of the regions S, T, and V are indicated by dashed lines. The linear boundaries parallel to the second direction extend from one end of the resin flooring 1 in the second direction to the opposite end. A plurality of the straight-extending boundary lines indicated by the dashed lines are formed. The straight-extending boundary lines may be arranged at equal intervals, but are preferably arranged at unequal intervals as shown in the figure. For example, the straight-extending boundary lines extending parallel to the second direction are formed at unequal intervals in the first direction. Note that when a plurality of boundary lines are arranged side by side in the first direction, there are also a plurality of intervals between the boundary lines, and the unequal intervals include not only cases where all the intervals are not equal, but also cases where, for example, two intervals selected from the plurality of intervals are equal and the remaining intervals are not equal. For example, 5 to 30, and preferably 10 to 20, straight boundary lines extending in the second direction are formed per 1000 mm of the length of the resin flooring 1 in the first direction. The straight boundary line can be formed by appropriately designing the shapes and arrangement of the rectangular striped uneven region S, the matte uneven region T, and the flat region V.

[0019] The degree of elongation of the elongated rectangular shape of each of the regions S, T, and V is, for example, such that the length in the long axis direction is 1.5 to 30 times, and preferably 5 to 20 times, the length in the short axis direction. The length in the long axis direction of the elongated rectangular shape is, in specific numerical values, in the range of 100 mm to 300 mm. The rectangular shape of each region S, T, and V in plan view is not uniform but random. That is, the rectangular shapes of the multiple striped textured regions S, matte textured regions T, and flat regions V are not the same shape in plan view, and most of them are different shapes and sizes. Note that some of the striped textured regions S, matte textured regions T, and flat regions V may be elongated polygonal shapes of the same shape and size or the same shape and different sizes. In the illustrated example, the multiple striped textured regions S are different shapes and sizes in plan view, the multiple matte textured regions T are different shapes and sizes in plan view, and the multiple flat regions V are different shapes and sizes in plan view. Furthermore, the striped textured regions S, matte textured regions T, and flat regions V are different shapes and sizes. It should be noted that when the uneven shape of the surface of a resin flooring material is formed during manufacturing, for example, using an embossing plate, even if the embossing plate does not have areas of the same shape and size, if the resin flooring material 1 being manufactured is larger than the embossing plate, the repeat shape of the embossing plate will become the uneven shape of the surface of the resin flooring material, and areas of the same shape and size will be created.

[0020] The frequency with which the striped uneven regions S, the matte uneven regions T and the flat regions V are formed in the elongated rectangular shape on the surface layer 2 is set appropriately, but the striped uneven regions S and the matte uneven regions T are formed at a higher frequency than the flat regions V. For example, the area ratio of the striped uneven region S is 40% to 80%, preferably 50% to 70%, and more preferably 55% to 65%, relative to the surface area of ​​the surface layer 2 being 100%. The area ratio of the matte uneven region T is 15% to 50%, preferably 20% to 45%, and more preferably 25% to 40%, relative to the surface area of ​​the surface layer 2 being 100%. The area ratio of the flat region V is 0% to 15%, and preferably 5% to 10%, relative to the surface area of ​​the surface layer 2 being 100%. When the flat region V is 0%, this means that no flat region V is formed on the surface layer 2. The area ratios of the regions S, T, and V are determined by arbitrarily extracting a range of 1000 mm x 1000 mm on the surface of the surface layer 2. For example, the area ratio of the striped uneven region S can be calculated by measuring the areas of all striped uneven regions S within the arbitrarily extracted range of 1000 mm x 1000 mm on the surface layer 2 and dividing the total area by the sum of the areas. The area ratios of the matte uneven region T and the flat region V can be calculated in a similar manner. Furthermore, to correct for bias in the area ratio due to the extracted range, three ranges of 1000 mm x 1000 mm are arbitrarily extracted, and the area ratio of the striped uneven region S is calculated for each of the extracted ranges, and the average value is used as the area ratio of the striped uneven region S. Similarly, the average values ​​of the three ranges are used for the matte uneven region T and the flat region V.

[0021] (Details of the striped uneven area) The striped uneven region S is formed with a plurality of elongated protrusions SP that are linear in plan view, and elongated recesses SQ that are formed between adjacent elongated protrusions SP and are linear in plan view. In other words, the striped uneven region S is a region where a plurality of elongated protrusions SP that extend linearly in plan view and the elongated recesses SQ between them that also extend linearly in plan view are formed. The elongated protrusions SP and the elongated recesses SQ extend parallel to each other. In the striped uneven region S in Figure 7, the elongated protrusions SP are represented by solid lines, and the elongated recesses SQ are represented by white. The striped uneven region S includes, for example, a wide striped region S-1 having long protrusions SP with a large width, and a narrow striped region S-2 having long protrusions SP with a smaller width than the long protrusions SP of the wide striped region S-1. The elongated recesses SQ-1 in the wide striped region S-1 and the elongated recesses SQ-2 in the narrow striped region S-2 may have the same width, or one may be larger than the other. For example, the width of the elongated recesses SQ-1 in the wide striped region S-1 is larger than the width of the elongated recesses SQ-2 in the narrow striped region S-2. The "long convex portions" and "long recesses" in the wide striped pattern region S-1 are referred to as "wide long convex portions SP-1" and "wide long recesses SQ-1," the "long convex portions SP" and "long recesses" in the narrow striped pattern region S-2 are referred to as "narrow long convex portions SP-2" and "narrow long recesses SQ-2," the wide long convex portions SP-1 in the wide striped pattern region S-1 and the narrow long convex portions SP-2 in the narrow striped pattern region S-2 are collectively referred to as "long convex portions SP," and the wide long recesses SQ-1 in the wide striped pattern region S-1 and the narrow long recesses SQ-2 in the narrow striped pattern region S-2 are collectively referred to as "long recesses SQ."

[0022] FIG. 8 is an end view of the wide striped region S-1 cut along a direction perpendicular to the extension direction of the wide elongated projections SP-1. FIG. 9 is an end view of the wide striped region S-1 cut along the extension direction of the wide elongated recesses SQ-1. FIG. 10 is an end view of the narrow striped region S-2 cut along a direction perpendicular to the extension direction of the narrow elongated projections SP-2. Note that the end views show only the shape of the cross section and do not show the shape behind the cross section. In FIGS. 8 to 10, the resin flooring material 1 having the fiber-reinforced layer 3 and back layer 4 shown in FIG. 2 as the layer configuration other than the surface layer is illustratively shown. However, the layer configuration other than the surface layer can be changed in various ways as described above (the same applies to the other end views).

[0023] 8 and 10, the width WP-1 of the wide elongated protrusion SP-1 is larger than the width WP-2 of the narrow elongated protrusion SP-2. The width WQ-1 of the wide elongated recess SQ-1 is larger than the width WQ-2 of the narrow elongated recess SQ-2. Note that "width" refers to the length in a direction perpendicular to the extension direction of the elongated protrusion SP and the elongated recess SQ. When the rising surface PM of the elongated protrusion SP is inclined as shown, the boundary between the elongated protrusion SP and the elongated recess SQ is the midpoint of the inclined rising surface PM. When the rising surface is parallel to the normal direction (not shown), the boundary is the rising surface. A plurality of wide elongated protrusions SP-1 are formed in the wide striped region S-1, and the widths of all the wide elongated protrusions SP-1 may be the same, or some of the wide elongated protrusions SP-1 may have different widths and some of the wide elongated protrusions SP-1 may have the same width, or all of the wide elongated protrusions SP-1 may have different widths. Preferably, all of the wide elongated protrusions SP-1 have the same width, or some of the wide elongated protrusions SP-1 have different widths and some of the wide elongated protrusions SP-1 have the same width. Similarly, the widths of all of the wide elongated recesses SQ-1 in the wide striped region S-1 may be the same, or some of the widths may be different and some of the widths may be the same, or all of the wide elongated recesses SQ-1 may have different widths. Preferably, all of the wide elongated recesses SQ-1 have the same width, or some of the wide elongated recesses SQ-1 have different widths and some of the wide elongated recesses SQ-1 have the same width. The width WP-1 of the wide elongated convex portion SP-1 and the width WQ-1 of the wide elongated concave portion SQ-1 are each, for example, independently, 0.3 mm to 2 mm, preferably 0.5 mm to 1.2 mm.

[0024] The height of the wide elongated protrusions SP-1 is set appropriately, but if it is too small, it will not actually be considered a protrusion, and if it is too large, the protrusions may fall off over long periods of use. From this perspective, the height of the wide elongated protrusions SP-1 is, for example, 0.3 mm to 1 mm, and preferably 0.4 mm to 0.8 mm. The height of the wide elongated protrusions SP-1 refers to the height difference between the wide elongated protrusions SP-1 and the wide elongated recesses SQ-1. The height of the wide elongated convex portion SP-1 is determined by arbitrarily extracting a range of 10 mm x 10 mm from the wide striped pattern region S-1 included in the surface layer 2, measuring the height at any three points within that extracted range, and then using the average value.

[0025] 9, some of the wide elongated protrusions SP-1 have a portion that is partially interrupted in the direction of extension (hereinafter referred to as a discontinuity SP-11). This discontinuity SP-11 is a recess that is recessed more than the wide elongated protrusions SP-1. The discontinuity SP-11 is formed in some of the wide elongated protrusions SP-1 of the wide striped pattern region S-1, and the discontinuity SP-11 is not formed in some of the wide elongated protrusions SP-1. The formation of the discontinuity SP-11 not only adds a design accent to the striped appearance of the wide striped pattern region S-1 but also provides gripping force to the sole of the shoe along the direction of extension of the wide elongated protrusions SP-1.

[0026] Similarly, for the narrow striped region S-2, all of the narrow elongated protrusions SP-2 may have the same width, or some of the narrow elongated protrusions SP-2 may have different widths and some of the narrow elongated protrusions SP-2 may have the same width, or all of the narrow elongated protrusions SP-2 may have different widths. Preferably, all of the narrow elongated protrusions SP-2 have the same width, or some of the narrow elongated protrusions SP-2 have different widths and some of the narrow elongated protrusions SP-2 have the same width. Similarly, all of the narrow elongated recesses SQ-2 in the narrow striped region S-2 may have the same width, or some of the narrow elongated recesses SQ-2 may have different widths and some of the narrow elongated recesses SQ-2 may have different widths. Preferably, all of the narrow elongated recesses SQ-2 have the same width, or some of the narrow elongated recesses SQ-2 have different widths and some of the narrow elongated recesses SQ-2 have the same width. The width WP-2 of the narrow elongated convex portion SP-2 and the width WQ-2 of the narrow elongated concave portion SQ-2 are specific numerical values, for example, each independently 0.1 mm to 1 mm, preferably 0.2 mm to 0.6 mm. The height of the narrow elongated protrusions SP-2 is set appropriately, but if it is too small, it will not actually be considered a protrusion, and if it is too large, the protrusions may fall off over long periods of use. From this perspective, the height of the narrow elongated protrusions SP-2 is, for example, 0.3 mm to 1 mm, preferably 0.4 mm to 0.8 mm. The height of the narrow elongated protrusions SP-2 refers to the height difference between the narrow elongated protrusions SP-2 and the narrow elongated recesses SQ-2. The height of the narrow elongated protrusions SP-2 is determined by arbitrarily extracting a range of 10 mm x 10 mm from the narrow striped pattern region S-2 included in the surface layer 2, measuring the height at any three points within the extracted range, and then averaging the heights.

[0027] The striped uneven region S, which includes the wide striped region S-1 and the narrow striped region S-2, includes a region in which the elongated protrusions SP extend in a first direction. Extending in the first direction includes extending at an angle to the first direction and extending parallel to the first direction. The striped uneven region S, which includes the wide striped region S-1 and the narrow striped region S-2, includes a region where the elongated protrusions SP extend at an angle to the first direction, and further includes a region where the elongated protrusions SP extend parallel to the first direction. Note that extending parallel means that the angle with respect to the first direction, rounded to one decimal place, is 0 degrees. For example, in some of the striped uneven regions S, the elongated protrusions SP extend at an angle inclined with respect to the first direction. When the extending direction of the elongated protrusions SP is inclined with respect to the first direction, it is preferable that the extending direction of the elongated protrusions SP is inclined at an angle other than 90 degrees with respect to the first direction. By having the extending direction of the elongated protrusions SP inclined with respect to the first direction, gripping force on the sole of the shoe can be exerted even when a pedestrian changes direction of travel, and slip resistance can be improved. Furthermore, in some of the striped uneven regions S, the elongated protrusions SP extend parallel to the first direction. In this way, by mixing a pattern in which the extending direction of the elongated protrusions SP is inclined with respect to the first direction and a pattern in which the extending direction of the elongated protrusions SP is approximately parallel to the first direction, high slip resistance can be exerted in multiple directions in response to various movements of pedestrians.

[0028] For example, the ratio of the area of ​​the striped uneven region S having elongated protrusions SP extending within a range of ±30 degrees with respect to the first direction to the total area of ​​the striped uneven region S is 40% to 80%, and preferably 45% to 70%. The range of ±30 degrees with respect to the first direction refers to a range of -30 degrees to 30 degrees with respect to the first direction. The striped uneven region S having elongated protrusions SP extending within a range of ±30 degrees with respect to the first direction includes a striped uneven region extending parallel to the first direction, a striped uneven region extending at an angle greater than 0 degrees and less than 30 degrees with respect to the first direction, and a striped uneven region extending at an angle greater than -30 degrees and less than 0 degrees with respect to the first direction. Referring to Figure 13, when the angle is negative with respect to the first direction (e.g., -30 degrees), it means that the extension direction of the elongated protrusion SP is inclined upward to the right on the paper relative to the first direction, and when the angle is positive with respect to the first direction (e.g., 30 degrees), it means that the extension direction of the elongated protrusion SP is inclined downward to the right on the paper relative to the first direction. Of the above area ratios, the area ratio of the striped uneven region S having elongated protrusions SP extending parallel to the first direction is 0% to 10% when the total area of ​​the striped uneven region S is 100%. When the area ratio is 0%, it means that no striped uneven region having elongated protrusions SP extending parallel to the first direction is formed in the surface layer 2. By setting the area ratio in this manner, high slip resistance in multiple directions can be achieved in response to various movements of pedestrians while maintaining water diffusibility.

[0029] The area ratio of the striped uneven regions S having elongated protrusions SP extending within a range of ±30 degrees with respect to the first direction can be calculated by arbitrarily extracting a 600 mm x 600 mm area from the surface of the surface layer 2, dividing the extracted area into four 300 mm x 300 mm sections, measuring the area of ​​all the striped uneven regions S in each section, calculating the area of ​​all the striped uneven regions having elongated protrusions SP extending within a range of ±30 degrees with respect to the first direction, and then dividing the area ratio by the total area of ​​the striped uneven regions having elongated protrusions at ±30 degrees. To correct any bias in the area ratio, the area ratio of the striped uneven regions having elongated protrusions at ±30 degrees is calculated for each of the four sections as described above, and the average value is used as the area ratio of the striped uneven regions having elongated protrusions extending within a range of ±30 degrees with respect to the first direction. Similarly, the average values ​​of the four sections will be used for the area ratio of the striped uneven region having long protrusions SP extending parallel to the first direction, and the area ratio inclined at an angle of -10 degrees to 10 degrees, etc., relative to the first direction described below.

[0030] Specifically, the proportion of the area of ​​the oblique striped uneven region S that is inclined within a range of -10 degrees to 10 degrees with respect to the first direction is 20% to 30% when the total area of ​​the striped uneven region S is 100%, the proportion of the area that is inclined within a range of -20 degrees or more but less than -10 degrees and more than 10 degrees but 20 degrees with respect to the first direction is 5% to 30% when the total area of ​​the striped uneven region S is 100%, and the proportion of the area that is inclined within a range of -30 degrees or more but less than -20 degrees and more than 20 degrees but 30 degrees with respect to the first direction is 5% to 30% when the total area of ​​the striped uneven region S is 100%.

[0031] The surface roughness Ra of the elongated protrusions SP in the striped uneven region S is smaller than the surface roughness Ra of the elongated recesses SQ. The difference between the surface roughness Ra of the elongated recesses SQ in the striped uneven region S and the surface roughness Ra of the elongated protrusions SP (surface roughness Ra of the elongated recesses SQ - surface roughness Ra of the elongated protrusions SP) is, for example, 5 μm or more, and preferably 10 μm or more. This reduces the adhesion of dirt to the elongated protrusions SP that come into direct contact with the sole of the shoe, and enables water to be dispersed in the planar direction in the elongated recesses SQ where water collects. Specifically, the surface roughness Ra of the elongated protrusions SP is, for example, 5 μm to 30 μm, and preferably 10 μm to 25 μm. By being within this numerical range, dirt is less likely to adhere to the elongated protrusions SP when the soles of shoes or the like come into contact with them, and good stain resistance can be achieved. The surface roughness Ra of the elongated recesses SQ is 20 μm to 100 μm, and preferably 25 μm to 50 μm. By being within this numerical range, the effect of the fine irregularities can improve the diffusibility of water in the surface direction. Surface roughness can also be considered as unevenness microscopically, but the unevenness in the uneven region refers to unevenness that can be detected by touch and sight, while surface roughness refers to something so fine that it cannot be detected by sight or touch. Surface roughness Ra is the arithmetic mean roughness, and is measured in accordance with JIS B 0601-2013.

[0032] (Details of the matte textured area) The textured uneven region T is a region having a sea-island uneven structure in which the recessed portions are seas and the protruding portions are islands. The shape of the protrusions TP of the textured uneven region T in a plan view is irregular. The textured uneven region T includes, for example, a coarse textured region T-1 having relatively coarse protrusions TP and a fine textured region T-2 having relatively fine protrusions TP. The coarse textured region T-1 and the fine textured region T-2 are randomly arranged.

[0033] 11 is an end view of a region including the coarse satin finish region T-1 and the fine satin finish region T-2 cut along the first direction. The coarse satin finish region T-1 has larger protrusions TP than the fine satin finish region T-2. Note that the symbol X1 is a depression that forms the boundary between the coarse satin texture region T-1 and the fine satin texture region T-2, and the symbol X2 is a depression that forms the boundary between the fine satin texture region T-2 and the striped uneven region S (narrow striped texture region S-2). Note that the boundaries of each region S, T, and V are defined by the depressions described above.

[0034] The height of the convex portions TP of the textured uneven regions T, including the coarse matte region T-1 and the fine matte region T-2, is set appropriately. However, if the height is too small, they are not actually convex portions, and if the height is too large, the convex portions may fall off over long periods of use. From this perspective, the height of the convex portions TP of the coarse matte region T-1 is, for example, 0.3 mm to 1 mm, and preferably 0.4 mm to 0.8 mm. The height of the convex portions TP of the fine matte region T-2 is, for example, 0.2 mm to 0.8 mm, and preferably 0.3 mm to 0.7 mm. The height of the convex portions TP of the coarse matte region T-1 and the fine matte region T-2 refers to the height difference between the convex portions TP and the concave portions TQ of the coarse matte region T-1 and the fine matte region T-2. The height of the protrusions TP of the coarse pear-skin texture region T-1 is determined by arbitrarily extracting an area of ​​length x width = 10 mm x 10 mm from the coarse pear-skin texture region T-1 included in the surface layer 2, measuring the heights of any three points within the extracted area, and then using the average value. The same applies to the height of the protrusions TP of the fine pear-skin texture region T-2.

[0035] The surface roughness Ra of the convex portions TP of the matte textured region T, which includes the coarse matte textured region T-1 and the fine matte textured region T-2, is greater than the surface roughness Ra of the concave portions TQ. The surface roughness Ra of the convex portions TP of the matte textured region T is, for example, 10 μm to 30 μm. The surface roughness Ra of the concave portions TQ of the matte textured region T is 2 μm to 10 μm.

[0036] (Details of flat areas) The flat region V is a region where no irregularities are formed. FIG. 12 is an end view of a region including the flat region V cut along the first direction. The height position of the flat region V is set to approximately the same depth as the elongated recesses SQ of the striped uneven region S. The surface roughness Ra of the flat region V is not particularly limited, and is, for example, in the same range as the surface roughness Ra of the elongated protrusions SP of the striped uneven region S. Even if the sole of a shoe comes into direct contact with the flat region V, the surface roughness Ra of the flat region V is relatively small, so that adhesion of dirt to the flat region V can be suppressed. Furthermore, by setting the height position of the flat region V to approximately the same depth as the elongated recesses SQ of the striped uneven region S, water is smoothly diffused in the surface direction at the boundary between the flat region V and the striped uneven region S, and the ends of the elongated protrusions SP of the striped uneven region S (these ends are the ends of the elongated protrusions SP located at the boundary of the flat region V) increase the grip force on the sole of the shoe.

[0037] [Surface layer forming material] The surface layer 2 constitutes the surface of the resin flooring 1 . The material for forming the surface layer 2 is not particularly limited, and any conventionally known resin material can be used. For example, the surface layer 2 is made of a resin layer in which a plurality of vinyl chloride resin particles having a particle size of 20 μm to 300 μm are aggregated. Fig. 14 is an enlarged end view of the inside of the surface layer 2. As shown in Fig. 14, the surface layer 2 is composed of a resin layer containing a vinyl chloride resin, in which a plurality of vinyl chloride resin particles 7 are aggregated and fixed to each other. The vinyl chloride resin particles 7 constituting the surface layer 2 include some that are roughly spherical or roughly elliptical, but most have an irregular three-dimensional shape. Since many of these aggregated vinyl chloride resin particles 7 have an irregular three-dimensional shape, their particle size is determined as follows: The surface layer 2 is cut in the thickness direction, and an SEM image (magnified 60 times) of an arbitrary location on the cut surface is captured. A range of 2000 μm in the horizontal direction and 1500 μm in the vertical direction is arbitrarily extracted from the image. Ten relatively circular vinyl chloride resin particles 7 within the extracted image range are selected, and the maximum lengths of these particles are measured. The average of the maximum lengths of the ten particles is taken as the particle size of the vinyl chloride resin particles 7 constituting the surface layer 2. It should be noted that cavities may be formed between the plurality of vinyl chloride resin particles 7.

[0038] The vinyl chloride resin particles 7 are blended with a colorant and colored to a desired color. The surface layer 2 may be composed of a plurality of vinyl chloride resin particles 7 of one color, or may be composed of a plurality of vinyl chloride resin particles 7 of two or more different colors. The vinyl chloride resin particles 7 may have filler particles scattered on their surfaces, or may not have filler particles scattered on their surfaces. As the vinyl chloride resin particles having filler particles scattered on their surfaces, such as the former, particles disclosed in Patent Document 1 (JP 2021-046777) can be used.

[0039] When vinyl chloride resin particles 7 having filler particles scattered on the surface are used, the filler particles 72 are relatively concentrated and adhered to the recesses (gaps) formed between adjacent vinyl chloride resin particles 7 in the surface layer 2 (see Figure 14). Examples of the filler particles 72 include inorganic fillers such as calcium carbonate, titanium oxide, calcium oxide, barium carbonate, magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, clay, talc, and mica, and calcium carbonate is preferred. The size of the filler particles is much smaller than that of the vinyl chloride resin particles 7 . In the surface layer 2, a plurality of vinyl chloride resin particles 7 are adjacent to each other and bonded to each other to form a layer. Note that although the boundaries between adjacent vinyl chloride resin particles 7 are shown by clear solid lines in Fig. 14, it should be noted that adjacent vinyl chloride resin particles 7 may not have clear boundaries due to bonding (fusion).

[0040] The vinyl chloride resin particles 7 contain a vinyl chloride resin and a plasticizer, and optionally contain a filler and / or any suitable additive. Vinyl chloride resins include polymers formed by polymerizing at least vinyl chloride monomer (chloroethylene). Vinyl chloride resins include not only homopolymers (polymers formed by homopolymerizing chloroethylene), but also copolymers (copolymers) of chloroethylene and other monomers copolymerizable with chloroethylene, mixtures of homopolymers and copolymers, and mixtures of two or more copolymers. The term "mixture" refers to a homopolymer and copolymer, or a polymer in which copolymers are kneaded together without substantial polymerization. Examples of vinyl chloride resins include vinyl chloride polymers (homopolymers); chlorinated vinyl chloride; partially crosslinked vinyl chloride; copolymers containing vinyl chloride, such as vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer, vinyl chloride-ethylene copolymer, vinyl chloride-propylene copolymer, vinyl chloride-styrene copolymer, vinyl chloride-isobutylene copolymer, vinyl chloride-vinylidene chloride copolymer, vinyl chloride-butadiene copolymer, vinyl chloride-isoprene copolymer, and vinyl chloride-chlorinated propylene copolymer; mixtures of a homopolymer and one or more copolymers; and mixtures of two or more copolymers. Preferably, vinyl chloride polymers (homopolymers) are used. These vinyl chloride resins may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Virgin materials are used as the vinyl chloride resins, but recycled materials may be used as needed, or a mixture of virgin and recycled materials may be used.

[0041] The vinyl chloride polymer (homopolymer) can be produced by emulsion polymerization, suspension polymerization, solution polymerization, bulk polymerization, or the like, and it is preferable to use a paste vinyl chloride resin and / or a suspension vinyl chloride resin. The vinyl chloride paste resin is a vinyl chloride paste obtained by, for example, emulsion polymerization, and its viscosity can be appropriately adjusted by adding a plasticizer. The average degree of polymerization of the vinyl chloride paste resin is preferably about 1000 to 2000. The suspension vinyl chloride resin is, for example, a vinyl chloride resin obtained by suspension polymerization. The average polymerization degree of the suspension vinyl chloride resin is preferably about 700 to 1500, more preferably about 700 to 1100, and even more preferably about 700 to 1000.

[0042] The plasticizer is added mainly for the purpose of improving the flexibility of the vinyl chloride resin, and examples of the plasticizer include polyester-based plasticizers, glycerin-based plasticizers, polycarboxylic acid ester-based plasticizers, and polyalkylene glycol-based plasticizers. The filler is added mainly for the purpose of improving processability and physical properties. Examples of the filler include those mentioned above. As the additives, conventionally known additives can be used, and examples thereof include colorants, flame retardants, stabilizers, antioxidants, lubricants, antibacterial agents, antifungal agents, surfactants, and the like.

[0043] <Fiber reinforcement layer> The fiber reinforcement layer 3 is provided to impart dimensional stability to the resin flooring 1. Note that the resin flooring 1 may not have a fiber reinforcement layer, for example, as shown in FIG. 2 to 4 show the case where one fiber reinforcement layer 3 is provided, but the resin flooring material 1 may be provided with two or more fiber reinforcement layers 3 (not shown). By providing the fiber reinforcement layer 3, when embossing is performed using an embossing die during production, the fiber reinforcement layer 3 resists the pressure of the embossing die, and a beautiful uneven shape can be formed on the surface layer 2. Examples of the fiber reinforcement layer 3 include nonwoven fabric and woven fabric. The material of the fibers constituting the nonwoven fabric or woven fabric is not particularly limited, and examples include synthetic resin fibers such as polyester and polyolefin; inorganic fibers such as glass and carbon; and natural fibers. In particular, it is preferable to use glass nonwoven fabric or glass woven fabric containing glass fibers as the fiber reinforcement layer 3 because dimensional change due to temperature is small.

[0044] <Backing layer> The back layer 4 is provided on the back side of the front layer 2. The back side of the back layer 4 forms the back side of the resin flooring material 1. The thickness of the back layer 4 is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 1 mm to 5 mm, and preferably 1.2 mm to 3 mm. The back layer 4 may have a single layer structure as shown in Figures 2 and 4, or may have a two layer structure as shown in Figure 3, or may have a three layer structure as shown in Figure 5. Although not specifically shown, the back layer 4 may have a multi-layer structure of four or more layers. The backing layer 4 may be foamed or non-foamed. When the backing layer 4 has a foamed layer, the resin flooring 1 sinks when people walk on it, increasing the grip and improving slip resistance. When the backing layer 4 is non-foamed, durability against heavy loads can be improved. For example, in the case of a backing layer 4 having a multi-layer structure of two or more layers such as that shown in Figure 3, all of the layers may be foamed or unfoamed, or at least one layer may be foamed and the remaining layers may be unfoamed.

[0045] The back layer 4 is usually made of a resin layer. Examples of synthetic resins that can be used to make the back layer 4 include thermoplastic resins, and preferably resins containing vinyl chloride resin as the main component.

[0046] When the backing layer 4 has a multi-layer structure, each layer may be a resin layer having the same main component resin, or each layer may be a resin layer having a different main component resin. For example, when the backing layer 4 has a multi-layer structure, it is preferable that all layers are resin layers having a vinyl chloride resin as the main component resin. In this case, each resin layer having a vinyl chloride resin as the main component may have the same or different composition. "Different compositions" refers to differences in the type of vinyl chloride resin, components other than vinyl chloride resin, content of vinyl chloride resin, and / or content of components other than vinyl chloride resin.

[0047] <Manufacturing method for resin flooring> The resin flooring material 1 can be produced, for example, by the following method. The resin flooring material 1 of this embodiment is obtained through the steps of preparing vinyl chloride resin particles 7 having a particle size of 20 μm to 300 μm, collecting the vinyl chloride resin particles 7 and temporarily shaping them into a layer, and heating and pressurizing the layer of temporarily shaped particles (hereinafter referred to as "PVC layer") to form the surface layer 2. Typically, in the step of forming the surface layer 2, the surface layer 2 is formed with the regions S, T, and V by embossing. In explaining the manufacturing method, for the purpose of distinguishing terminology between the vinyl chloride resin particles 7 and filler microparticles after they have been formed into the resin flooring material 1 and the vinyl chloride resin particles 7 and filler microparticles 72 as raw materials before the resin flooring material 1 is formed, the vinyl chloride resin particles 7 and filler microparticles as raw materials will be referred to as "raw material resin particles A" and "raw material filler microparticles B."

[0048] (Production of raw materials) Examples of vinyl chloride resins constituting the raw material resin particles A include those produced by emulsion polymerization, suspension polymerization, solution polymerization, bulk polymerization, etc. Because they are easily formed into particles, vinyl chloride resins obtained by emulsion polymerization or suspension polymerization are preferred, and vinyl chloride resins obtained by suspension polymerization are particularly preferred. For example, particles made of vinyl chloride resin obtained by the suspension polymerization method are sieved using a screen to extract raw material resin particles A of a desired particle size. The volume average particle size (50% diameter) of raw material resin particles A is preferably 20 μm to 300 μm, more preferably 30 μm to 250 μm, and even more preferably 50 μm to 200 μm. The volume average particle size of the raw material resin particles A can be measured using a laser diffraction / scattering particle size distribution analyzer.

[0049] The average degree of polymerization of the vinyl chloride resin constituting the raw material resin particles A is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 650 to 1000, and preferably 700 to 900. The average degree of polymerization can be measured by a solution viscosity measurement method using an Ubbelohde viscometer according to JIS K 6721. The K value of the vinyl chloride resin is also not particularly limited, but is, for example, 58 to 70, and preferably 60 to 65. The K value can be measured in accordance with JIS K 7367-2. The apparent density of the vinyl chloride resin is also not particularly limited, but is, for example, 0.45 to 0.75, and preferably 0.5 to 0.7. The apparent density can be measured in accordance with JIS K 7365.

[0050] Furthermore, raw material particles C can be used in which raw material filler fine particles B smaller than raw material resin particles A are scattered on the surface of the raw material resin particles A, as shown in Figure 15. In Figure 15, the areas where multiple raw material filler fine particles B are attached are shown shaded, and the solid areas in Figure 15 indicate areas where the surface of raw material resin particles A is exposed. It is also possible to use raw material particles that do not contain raw material filler fine particles.

[0051] As the raw filler fine particles B, an inorganic filler that is solid under standard conditions (standard conditions are 25°C and 1 atmosphere) can be appropriately used, and the inorganic fillers described above can be used. Because of their low cost, it is preferable to use calcium carbonate fine particles as the raw filler fine particles B. The volume average particle size (50% diameter) of raw filler fine particles B is, for example, 0.05 μm to 20 μm, preferably 1 μm to 10 μm, and more preferably 2 μm to 6 μm. The volume average particle size of raw filler fine particles B can be measured using a laser diffraction / scattering particle size distribution analyzer. The volume average particle size of raw filler fine particles B represents the volume average value of the equivalent sphere diameter. The colorant may be a conventionally known pigment or dye, but is preferably a pigment because it is less likely to fade. The colorant may be in liquid or powder form, but is preferably a liquid colorant because it is more likely to mix with the raw material resin particles A.

[0052] Raw material particles C can be obtained by mixing the raw material resin particles A, raw material filler fine particles B, colorant, plasticizer, and, if necessary, additives. The amount of raw filler particles B is not particularly limited, but if it is too much, the raw filler particles B may adhere to almost the entire surface of the raw resin particles A, while if it is too little, too much of the surface of the raw resin particles A may be exposed. From this perspective, the amount of raw filler particles B is 1 to 100 parts by weight, preferably 1 to 50 parts by weight, per 100 parts by weight of raw resin particles A. The amount of plasticizer is not particularly limited, and is, for example, 20 to 50 parts by weight, preferably 30 to 40 parts by weight, per 100 parts by weight of raw resin particles A. The amount of colorant can be appropriately set depending on the type of colorant, and is, for example, 0.1 to 10 parts by weight, preferably 1 to 5 parts by weight, per 100 parts by weight of raw resin particles A.

[0053] The raw resin particles A, raw filler fine particles B, colorant, plasticizer, and optional additives are mixed at a temperature sufficiently higher than room temperature (25°C) but below a temperature at which the vinyl chloride resin does not melt. For example, the mixing is preferably carried out at a temperature in the range of 80°C to 140°C, more preferably 100°C to 130°C, and even more preferably 110°C to 125°C. The mixing is also preferably carried out at normal pressure (particularly without external pressure). By mixing within the above temperature range, the raw resin particles A do not melt but become slightly softer while maintaining their roughly spherical shape, and the raw filler fine particles B and colorant etc. come into contact with the surfaces of the raw resin particles A. In this way, raw material particles C can be obtained, as shown in FIG. 15, in which raw material filler fine particles B smaller than colored raw material resin particles A are scattered on the surface of the particles.

[0054] It is possible to obtain raw material particles having no filler particles attached to their surfaces by mixing raw material resin particles A, a colorant, a plasticizer, and, if necessary, additives without blending raw material filler particles B. As described above, the surface layer 2 may be composed of a plurality of vinyl chloride resin particles 7 having no filler particles interspersed therein, and such a surface layer 2 is produced using raw material particles having no filler particles attached to their surfaces.

[0055] (Manufacturing of resin flooring materials) The resin flooring material 1 can be obtained by layering the raw material particles C on a base sheet which is made of a resin sheet which will be the backing layer 4 and which is made of a glass nonwoven fabric or the like which will be the fiber reinforcement layer 3, and then embossing the layer while heating and pressurizing it. FIG. 16 shows a manufacturing device for the resin flooring material 1 of this embodiment. 16, the manufacturing apparatus 9 includes a first unwinding section 91 loaded with a long strip-shaped resin sheet 49 that will become the backing layer 4, a second unwinding section 92 loaded with a long strip-shaped sheet 39 such as a glass nonwoven fabric that will become the fiber-reinforced layer 3, a particle feeder 94 that supplies raw material particles C, a leveling tool 95 that smooths the PVC layer made of raw material particles C, a heating device 96, a pressurizer 97, and a winding section 98 that winds up the resin flooring material 1. The particle feeder 94 includes a hopper 941 and a supply roll. The pressurizer 97 includes an embossing roll 971 with an embossed plate on its circumferential surface and a receiving roll 972. A resin sheet 49 that will become the back layer 4 is unwound from a first unwinding section 91 and conveyed along the line. A resin sheet containing vinyl chloride resin as a main component can be used as the resin sheet 49. A sheet body 39 that will become the fiber reinforced layer 3 is unwound from a second unwinding section 92 and laminated on the resin sheet 49 to form a laminate 99. Raw material particles C that will become the surface layer 2 are scattered from a particle feeder 94 onto the sheet body 39 of this laminate 99.

[0056] The outlet of a hopper 941 of the particle feeder 94 extends in the width direction (a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the laminate 99). Raw material particles C are placed in the hopper 941. The outlet, which opens downward from the hopper 941, is provided with a pair of feed rolls 942, 943 (hereinafter, sometimes referred to as the first roll 942 and the second roll 943). For example, the first roll 942 has a smooth peripheral surface, and the second roll 943 has an uneven peripheral surface. As the feed rolls rotate, the raw material particles C in the hopper 941 are scattered and deposited between the first roll 942 and the second roll 943 onto the sheet body 39 of the laminate 99. The deposited raw material particles C move in accordance with the transport of the laminate 99, but are leveled into a layer of approximately uniform thickness by a leveling tool 95 disposed downstream of the hopper 941. In this way, a precursor is obtained which is composed of, in order from the surface side, a layer of raw material particles C (PVC layer) / sheet body 39 (fiber reinforced layer) / resin sheet 49 (back layer).

[0057] Next, the precursor is heated in a heating device 96 such as an oven to melt the vinyl chloride resin of the raw material particles C. The arrows in Fig. 16 indicate the direction in which the laminate 99 and the like are transported. The heating temperature may be any temperature at which the vinyl chloride resin melts or higher, for example, 170°C to 200°C.

[0058] After heating, the precursor with flakes is pressed in the thickness direction by a press 97 to be processed into a sheet. The pressure is not particularly limited, and is, for example, 1.5 kgf / cm. 2 ~5kgf / cm 2The pressurizer 97 may be a plate-shaped press with an embossed plate, but in the case of an apparatus for continuously producing a long strip of resin flooring material 1 as shown in the figure, it is preferable to use an embossing roll 971 and a backing roll 972. By passing the flake-attached precursor between the embossing roll 971 and the backing roll 972, the raw material particles C are irregularly deformed into an indefinite shape, adjacent raw material resin particles A are bonded, and unevenness due to embossing is formed on the surface (i.e., uneven areas and flat areas V are formed on the surface of the surface layer 2). It is also possible to use a pressurizer 97 heated to a temperature at which the vinyl chloride resin melts, in which case the heating device 96 may be omitted. The shape of the embossing plate used in the embossing roll 972 or the like is designed so that it can form the striped uneven region S, the matte uneven region T, and the flat region V. In particular, the portions of the embossing plate corresponding to the elongated recesses SQ of the striped uneven region S are roughened so that the surface roughness Ra of the elongated recesses SQ falls within the above range.

[0059] <Effects and uses of resin flooring> The resin flooring material 1 of the present invention is applied to floor surfaces of apartment buildings, hotels, office buildings, commercial facilities, hospitals, balconies, corridors, poolside areas, bathrooms, kitchens, toilets, etc. The resin flooring material 1 of the present invention is particularly effective when applied to locations where it may be exposed to water, such as indoor, outdoor, or semi-outdoor poolside floors; outdoor or semi-outdoor floors such as balconies, corridors, entrances, rooftops, outdoor walkways, berms, ship decks, parks, and stadiums; and the like. There are no particular limitations on the method for attaching the resin flooring 1 to the floor surface, and examples include using an adhesive to fix the back surface of the resin flooring 1 to the floor surface.

[0060] The resin floor material 1 is preferably installed on the floor surface with its first direction aligned with the water gradient. FIG. 17 shows an example of a floor structure 61 when the resin floor material 1 of the present invention is applied to a floor surface 6. As shown in Figure 17, a water gradient is applied to the floor surface 6. The resin flooring 1 is installed on the floor surface 6 with the first direction of the resin flooring 1 aligned with the water gradient, so that one side of the first direction of the resin flooring 1 is on the side with a high water gradient and the opposite side of the first direction is on the side with a low water gradient. During construction, the resin flooring 1 is cut to the appropriate dimensions. As described above, because multiple straight boundary lines are formed between each of the areas S, T, and V, cutting the resin flooring 1 along these boundary lines does not impair the design of each of the areas S, T, and V, and allows for the construction of a floor structure 61 that looks beautiful. In particular, the dimensions to which the resin flooring 1 is cut vary depending on the construction location, but because multiple boundary lines are formed at uneven intervals, cut pieces of various dimensions can be obtained even when cutting along the boundary lines. As a result, a beautiful-looking floor structure 61 can be constructed in a variety of construction locations without impairing the design of each of the areas S, T, and V. When resin flooring 1 is installed so that the second direction of resin flooring 1 is aligned with the longitudinal direction of a balcony or corridor, where people mainly move, it is preferable because it improves the slip resistance when people walk in the longitudinal direction (second direction).In the present invention, the arrangement of the uneven areas can also provide an anti-slip effect when people move in directions other than the second direction, thereby improving overall walking safety.

[0061] The resin flooring 1 has a striped uneven area S on the surface of the surface layer 2, where the surface roughness Ra of the elongated convex portions SP is smaller than the surface roughness Ra of the elongated concave portions SQ. When water splashes on the surface of the resin flooring 1, the water flows into the elongated concave portions SQ. Because the surface roughness Ra of the elongated concave portions SQ is large, water diffusion is excellent, and water that enters the elongated concave portions SQ quickly spreads within the elongated concave portions SQ. In particular, when the surface roughness Ra of the elongated concave portions SQ is relatively large, such as 30 μm or more, water diffusion is more effective. Therefore, the resin flooring 1 of the present invention has excellent drying properties, thereby reducing slippage caused by water. In particular, in a floor structure 61 in which the resin flooring 1 is installed with the first direction aligned with the water gradient, water in the elongated concave portions SQ diffuses to the lower side according to the water gradient, resulting in faster drying. Rapid drying effectively prevents a decrease in slip resistance caused by water, thereby contributing to improved slip resistance. Furthermore, since the surface roughness Ra of the long protrusions SP is small when the sole of the shoe comes into contact with the long protrusions SP, the long protrusions SP are less likely to be crushed, and furthermore, dust and the like can be prevented from accumulating on the long protrusions SP. This is particularly effective when the surface roughness Ra of the long protrusions SP is relatively small, such as 25 μm or less.

[0062] Furthermore, the area ratio of the striped uneven area S having long protrusions SP extending within a range of ±30 degrees is set to 40% to 80%, and when the resin flooring material 1 is installed with the first direction aligned with the water gradient, water that enters the long recesses SQ is more likely to diffuse to the lower side according to the water gradient. Furthermore, although the sole can be said to be slippery along the direction in which the elongated convex portions SP extend, the striped uneven region S and the textured uneven region T are arranged adjacent to each other in the first direction, resulting in the textured uneven region T being located at the end of the direction in which the elongated convex portions SP extend. Therefore, even if the sole were to slip along the direction in which the elongated convex portions SP extend, the textured uneven region T would come into contact with the textured uneven region T, thereby preventing the sole from slipping overall. Furthermore, the discontinuities SP-11 formed in the wide elongated convex portions SP-1 of the wide striped region S-1 prevent the sole from slipping along the direction in which the elongated convex portions SP extend. In this way, the sole can be prevented from slipping while ensuring water diffusion. As mentioned above, water diffusion also contributes to improved slip resistance, resulting in a synergistic effect. [Example]

[0063] The present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to examples, although the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

[0064] [Example 1] <Preparation of raw material particles> As the vinyl chloride resin (raw resin particles), granular vinyl chloride resin (trade name "ZEST 800Y" manufactured by Shin-Dai-Ichi Vinyl Corporation, average degree of polymerization: 760-860, K value: 60.5-63.1, apparent density: 0.53-0.63 (catalog value)) was prepared by suspension polymerization. The particle size of this vinyl chloride resin was approximately 100 μm to 300 μm. Granular calcium carbonate (product name "Escalon #200" manufactured by Sankyo Flour Milling Co., Ltd.) was prepared as a filler. As the plasticizer, DOP (general-purpose product) was prepared, and as the colorant, white, black, red, and yellow liquids (manufactured by Nichiko Bix Co., Ltd.) were prepared.

[0065] Under standard conditions, 100 parts by weight of the vinyl chloride resin, 5 parts by weight of filler, 35 parts by weight of plasticizer, and 2 parts by weight of white colorant were added to a mixer and mixed for about 10 minutes without external heating. The temperature began to rise from the start of mixing and reached about 120°C after about 10 minutes. In this way, white raw material particles C were prepared, in which fine raw material filler particles were attached to the surfaces of the raw material resin particles. Black raw material particles C, red raw material particles C, and yellow raw material particles C were prepared in the same manner as above, except that the white colorant was changed to a black colorant, a red colorant, and a yellow colorant, respectively.

[0066] <Production of resin flooring> Resin flooring was produced using a manufacturing device such as that shown in Figure 16. Specifically, a glass nonwoven fabric approximately 0.4 mm thick was layered on a vinyl chloride resin sheet 1.5 mm thick to form a laminate consisting of glass nonwoven fabric / resin sheet, starting from the surface side, and raw material particles were then scattered on top of the glass nonwoven fabric. The raw material particles were mixed in a weight ratio of white raw material particles: black raw material particles: red raw material particles: yellow raw material particles = 28:6:1:5. Following the conveyance on the line, the raw material particles were passed under a leveling tool to form a layered material approximately 1.0 mm thick, which was then heated and melted in a hot air circulating oven at 200°C for approximately 4 minutes, and then passed through an embossing machine (embossing roll and backing roll) at room temperature to a pressure of approximately 3 kgf / cm. 2 By applying a pressure of 1000 psi, a striped uneven region, a matte uneven region, and a flat region were formed. In this way, a resin flooring material with a total thickness of about 2.5 mm was produced, where the total thickness was based on the location where the elongated protrusions were formed.

[0067] The embossing plate of the embossing roll had the parts corresponding to the elongated depressions (the convex parts of the embossing plate) roughened so that the surface roughness Ra of the elongated depressions in the striped pattern uneven area was greater than that of the elongated convex parts.

[0068] FIG. 18 is a photograph of the surface of the resin flooring material produced in Example 1. In the photograph of FIG. 18, the dimension in the first direction is approximately 1840 mm, and the dimension in the second direction is approximately 980 mm. FIG. 19 is a photograph showing an enlarged view of an arbitrary 500 mm×500 mm area of ​​the surface of the resin flooring material of FIG.

[0069] [Example 2] A resin flooring material was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that a 1.25 mm thick vinyl chloride resin sheet was used instead of the 1.5 mm thick vinyl chloride resin sheet, a 0.25 mm thick transparent vinyl chloride resin sheet was further laminated on top of a layered material approximately 1.0 mm thick, and the following embossing roll was used. The embossing roll used in Example 2 had the same uneven pattern as in Example 1, but the degree of surface roughening was reduced, and the embossing roll was positioned so that the amount of penetration of the convex parts of the embossing roll into the surface of the layered material was slightly reduced.

[0070] [Measurement of area ratio and angle of long convex part] The area ratios of the striped uneven area, the matte uneven area, and the flat area formed on the surface of the resin flooring material (1840 mm × 980 mm) obtained in Example 1 were calculated. The area of ​​each area (striped uneven area, matte uneven area, and flat area) was measured using bestIMGE (software) from SPJ Print Co., Ltd. Specifically, the area percentage of each region was calculated with the total area of ​​the resin flooring (1840mm x 980mm) set to 100%. In other words, the area percentage of the striped textured region (or satin textured region or flat region) = total area of ​​the striped textured region (or satin textured region or flat region) / surface area of ​​the resin flooring. By selecting each region (striped texture region, matte texture region, and flat region) in bestIMGE, bestIMGE (software) calculated the area of ​​each region. The area ratio of each region was calculated from the obtained area of ​​each region according to the above formula. As a result, the area ratio of the striped uneven region was 59.1%, the area ratio of the matte uneven region was 33.3%, and the area ratio of the flat region was 7.6%.

[0071] In addition, the angle and area ratio of the elongated convex portions of the striped uneven area on the surface of the same resin flooring material (1840mm x 980mm) in a plan view were calculated. The angle and area of ​​the elongated convex portions of the striped uneven area were measured using bestIMGE (software) from SPJ Print Co., Ltd. For the angle, a reference line was established for each striped uneven area, with the first direction in plan view being 0 degrees. By selecting the intersection of the elongated convex portion and this reference line and an arbitrary point on the elongated convex portion, bestIMGE (software) measured the angle of the elongated convex portion relative to the reference line. bestIMGE also measured the area of ​​the striped uneven portion containing the elongated convex portion. The angles of the elongated convex portions and the area of ​​the striped uneven portion were measured in the same manner for all striped uneven portions in the resin flooring material (1840 mm x 980 mm). The area ratio of each striped irregular region having elongated convex portions with an inclination angle was calculated according to the following formula. The ratio of the area of ​​the striped uneven region at each tilt angle = the total area of ​​the striped uneven region at each tilt angle / the total area of ​​the striped uneven region. The results are shown in Figure 20. The horizontal axis in Figure 20 represents the inclination angle of the elongated recess with respect to the first direction, and A through A on the horizontal axis represent the following: The plus and minus significations of the inclination angle of the elongated protrusion are as explained in Figure 13. A: More than 0 degrees and less than 10 degrees. B: Above 10 degrees and below 20 degrees. C: Over 20 degrees and below 30 degrees. D: Over 30 degrees and under 40 degrees. E: Over 40 degrees and below 50 degrees. F: Over 50 degrees and under 60 degrees. G: Over 60 degrees and under 90 degrees. H: Above -90 degrees and below -50 degrees. I: Above -50 degrees and below -40 degrees. J: Above -40 degrees and below -30 degrees. K: Above -30 degrees and below -20 degrees. L: Above -20 degrees and below -10 degrees. M: Above -10 degrees and below 0 degrees.

[0072] To explain how to read Figure 20 using two examples, for example, the area ratio of the striped uneven region having elongated convex portions that are inclined with respect to the first direction in the range of 0 degrees or more and 10 degrees or less, represented by symbol A on the horizontal axis, is approximately 12.5%, and the area ratio of the striped uneven region having elongated convex portions that are inclined with respect to the first direction in the range of more than 10 degrees and 20 degrees or less, represented by symbol B on the horizontal axis, is approximately 12%.

[0073] [Surface roughness Ra and height measurement] The surface roughness Ra of the elongated convex portions and elongated concave portions in the striped uneven areas (wide striped area and narrow striped area) was measured for each of the resin flooring materials obtained in Examples 1 and 2. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0074] The surface roughness Ra and the height of the elongated convex portions were measured using a Keyence Corporation product name "White Light Interference Laser Microscope, 3D Laser Scanning Confocal Microscope, VK-X3050S / 9D0L000012." Specifically, a 70mm x 70mm sample was cut from an arbitrary location within the narrow striped pattern region of the resin flooring material to obtain a measurement sample. The sample was imaged at 10x magnification using a laser microscope, and a 10mm x 10mm location was extracted from the enlarged image. The extracted image is shown in Figure 21. The roughness curve of any one of the elongated convexities within the 10mm square was measured, and the arithmetic mean roughness Ra was calculated from the roughness curve in accordance with JIS B 0601-2013. Furthermore, the roughness curve of any one of the elongated concaves within the 10mm square was measured, and the arithmetic mean roughness Ra was calculated in the same manner. The roughness curves of the elongated convexities and elongated concaves were measured along their extension directions. In Figure 21, dashed lines indicate the locations where the roughness curves of the elongated convexities and elongated concaves were measured. However, for the elongated convex portions in the wide striped pattern region, if discontinuities existed during the measurement, the arithmetic mean roughness Ra was calculated excluding the discontinuities. The laser microscope used, manufactured by Keyence Corporation, is equipped with software that measures roughness curves by specifying measurement locations on captured images and calculates the arithmetic mean roughness Ra in accordance with JIS B 0601-2013. Similarly, the arithmetic mean roughness Ra of the elongated convex portions and elongated concave portions in the wide striped pattern region was calculated. The height of each elongated convex portion in the wide striped pattern region and the narrow striped pattern region was also measured using a laser microscope manufactured by Keyence Corporation.

[0075] [Table 1]

[0076] [Water diffusivity test] The resin flooring materials obtained in Examples 1 and 2 were each observed for water diffusibility. Specifically, each resin flooring material from Examples 1 and 2 was cut into a 300 mm x 300 mm sample piece. The sample piece was fixed to a glass plate using double-sided tape, and the glass plate with the sample piece attached was placed at a 3° inclination angle, with one side in the first direction being higher and the opposite side being lower. Under an environment of 20°C ± 1°C and 40% RH ± 5% RH, 100 milliliters of tap water from a beaker was dripped onto the surface of the sample piece from a height of 100 mm over approximately 10 seconds. The degree of water spreading as the water flowed in the first direction was visually confirmed. As a result, it was confirmed that both the resin flooring materials from Examples 1 and 2 spread water primarily in the first direction on their surfaces, demonstrating sufficient diffusibility. In particular, water spread in the second direction in Example 1 by approximately 10% more than in the resin flooring material from Example 2, resulting in faster water diffusion. Furthermore, the glass plate with the sample pieces was repositioned at a 3-degree inclination angle so that one side in the second direction was higher and the opposite side in the second direction was lower, and water was similarly dropped onto it and the degree of water spreading was visually confirmed. As a result, water similarly spread across the surface of both the resin flooring materials of Example 1 and Example 2, and in particular, water spread in the second direction by about 10% more than in Example 2, and the water spread more quickly. [Explanation of symbols]

[0077] 1. Resin flooring 2 Surface layer S,S-1,S-2 Striped uneven area SP, SP-1, SP-2 Long convex part SQ, SQ-1, SQ-2 Long recess T,T-1,T-2 Satin uneven area 7. Vinyl chloride resin particles

Claims

1. a surface layer having an uneven region in which unevenness is formed, the concave-convex region includes a striped concave-convex region in which a plurality of elongated convex portions that are linear in plan view and elongated concave portions that are formed between adjacent elongated convex portions and that are linear in plan view are formed, A resin flooring material in which the surface roughness Ra of the elongated convex portions is smaller than the surface roughness Ra of the elongated concave portions.

2. The striped uneven region has a shape in a plan view of an elongated rectangle having a minor axis in a first direction and a major axis in a second direction that is perpendicular to the first direction, the striped uneven region includes a striped uneven region having elongated convex portions extending within a range of ±30 degrees with respect to the first direction, The resin flooring material described in claim 1, wherein the area ratio of the striped uneven region having elongated convex portions extending within a range of ±30 degrees relative to the first direction is 40% to 80% when the total area of ​​the striped uneven region is 100%.

3. The uneven region further includes a matte uneven region, the planar shape of the striped pattern uneven region and the planar shape of the matte uneven region are each an elongated rectangle with a minor axis in a first direction and a major axis in a second direction that is perpendicular to the first direction, The resin flooring material according to claim 1, wherein the rectangular striped uneven area and the rectangular matte uneven area have portions arranged adjacent to each other in the first direction.

4. the ratio of the area of ​​the striped uneven region to the surface area of ​​the surface layer is 40% to 80% when the surface area of ​​the surface layer is 100%; The resin flooring material according to claim 3, wherein the area ratio of the matte textured region is 15% to 50% when the surface area of ​​the surface layer is 100%.

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