Body rear structure of vehicle having trailer hitch

Abstract

To provide a body rear structure of a vehicle, which is an electric automobile having a trailer hitch and a small skeleton, capable of absorbing crash energy arisen at a time of a rear crash.SOLUTION: In a body rear structure 2 of a vehicle, an angular moment M occurs on a downward side on which a trailer hitch 10 having incurred a crash induced load F from a crash body 100 at a time of a rear crash crashes against a rear mount 43 which supports a rear part of a high-voltage component 40 mounted on a sub frame 30 placed between rear side frames 20.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 8

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a rear body structure for a vehicle equipped with a trailer hitch and having high-voltage components in its drive source. [Background technology]

[0002] Some vehicles, such as automobiles, have a trailer hitch attached to the rear of the vehicle. The trailer hitch is a towing device that allows a vehicle to tow a camper trailer, a boat trailer for transporting a small boat, or the like. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a technology for absorbing a collision load when the collision load is input to the trailer hitch. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2015-189447 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] Incidentally, various electric (electrically driven) vehicles (EVs), such as battery electric vehicles (BEVs), hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs), plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs), and fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs), use high-voltage components such as motors as their driving sources.

[0005] As a result, EVs can generate greater torque than vehicles with internal combustion engines (ICEs), allowing them to generate the same driving force as ICEs even though they are smaller in size.

[0006] In addition, most small vehicles have short rear overhangs, which means that the frame cannot absorb the impact energy in a rear-end collision, making it difficult to install a trailer hitch.

[0007] In other words, it is difficult to ensure the necessary crushing stroke for rear-end collision protection in small vehicles. In particular, in small vehicles, such as rear-wheel drive EVs with high-voltage components such as a motor mounted on the rear side, installing a trailer hitch limits the frame's impact absorption capacity.

[0008] Therefore, it is difficult to absorb the collision energy in the event of a rear collision, and there is a problem that high-voltage components such as a motor cannot be protected.

[0009] In view of the above circumstances, the present invention aims to provide a rear body structure for a vehicle that can absorb the necessary collision energy in the event of a rear collision in a small-sized electric (motor-driven) vehicle equipped with a trailer hitch. [Means for solving the problem]

[0010] A vehicle rear body structure according to one aspect of the present invention comprises a pair of rear side frames extending in the longitudinal direction at the rear portion of the vehicle body, a trailer hitch fixed to the rear side frames, a subframe provided between the rear side frames, high-voltage components mounted on the subframe for driving the rear wheels, and a plurality of mounts for supporting the high-voltage components on the subframe. In this vehicle rear body structure, the trailer hitch comprises a pair of brackets fixed to the rear side frames, the length in the longitudinal direction being shorter than the height in the vertical direction of the vehicle body from the lower end of the rear side frames to the lower end of the subframe, and a mounting bracket between the pair of brackets. The trailer hitch comprises a cross member provided on the vehicle, a stay portion extending downward from the center of the cross member in the vehicle width direction, an arm portion extending rearward from the bottom of the stay portion, a support shaft erected on the rear end of the arm portion, and a hitch ball provided on the upper part of the support shaft and lower than the pair of rear side frames, and the multiple mounts include a pair of front mounts supporting both sides on the forward side of the high-voltage component, and a rear mount supporting the rear center of the high-voltage component in the vehicle width direction, and are configured so that a rotational moment is generated downward when the trailer hitch, which receives a collision load from a collision object in the event of a rear collision, collides with the rear mount. [Effects of the Invention]

[0011] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a vehicle rear body structure that can absorb the necessary collision energy in the event of a rear collision in a small-sized electric (motor-driven) vehicle equipped with a trailer hitch. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0012] [Figure 1] Top view of a vehicle equipped with a trailer hitch [Figure 2] Side view of a vehicle equipped with a trailer hitch [Figure 3] A plan view of the trailer hitch, rear side frame, motor, and subframe provided at the rear of the vehicle body, seen from above the vehicle. [Figure 4] A bottom view of the trailer hitch, rear side frame, motor, and subframe provided at the rear of the vehicle body, seen from below the vehicle. [Figure 5] A side view of the trailer hitch, rear side frame, motor, and subframe provided at the rear of the vehicle, seen from the left side of the vehicle. [Figure 6] FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a trailer hitch fastened to a rear side frame. [Figure 7] Plan view showing the rear structure of the vehicle body, consisting of the trailer hitch, rear side frame, motor, and subframe. [Figure 8] A side view of the rear body structure, consisting of the trailer hitch, rear side frame, motor, and subframe, seen from the left side of the vehicle. [Figure 9] A side view of the rear body structure consisting of the trailer hitch, rear side frame, motor, and subframe seen from the left side of the vehicle during a rear-end collision with a collision object. [Figure 10] A side view of the rear body structure, consisting of the trailer hitch, rear side frame, motor, and subframe, seen from the left side of the vehicle, showing the initial stage of a rear-end collision with a collision object. [Figure 11] A side view of the rear body structure, consisting of the trailer hitch, rear side frame, motor, and subframe, seen from the left side of the vehicle, showing the mid-point of a rear-end collision with the impactor. [Figure 12] A side view of the rear body structure, consisting of the trailer hitch, rear side frame, motor, and subframe, seen from the left side of the vehicle, showing the later stage of a rear-end collision with a collision object. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0013] An embodiment of one aspect of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. Note that in the drawings used in the following description, each component is shown at a different scale so that it can be recognized on the drawing, and the present invention is not limited to the number of components, the shape of the components, the size ratio of the components, and the relative positional relationship of the components shown in these drawings.

[0014] Vehicle 1, which is an electric vehicle according to this embodiment, has a trailer hitch 10, which is a towing device, as shown in Figures 1 and 2. In the following description, the front, rear, left, and right directions of trailer hitch 10 correspond to the front, rear, left, and right directions of vehicle 1 to which it is coupled. Therefore, in the figures, Fr indicates the front of the vehicle body, Re indicates the rear of the vehicle body, LH indicates the left side in the vehicle width direction, and RH indicates the right side in the vehicle width direction.

[0015] 3 to 5, the trailer hitch 10 is fixed to a pair of rear side frames 20, which are rear frames provided on the left and right sides of the rear of the vehicle body in the vehicle width direction. Each rear side frame 20 extends toward the rear of the vehicle body from the rear end of a side sill (not shown).

[0016] Each rear side frame 20 is connected to a cross member 21 at approximately the center in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle 1. Each rear side frame 20 is also connected to a cross member 22 on the front side of the vehicle body.

[0017] The left and right ends of the cross member 22 are joined to opposing surfaces of the rear end portions of a pair of left and right side sills (not shown).

[0018] A suspension cross member 30, which is a subframe on the rear side of the vehicle body, is fastened and fixed to each rear side frame 20. The vehicle 1 is rear-wheel drive or four-wheel drive, and a motor 40, which is a high-voltage component, provides driving force to the rear wheels 4R, 4L. In other words, the vehicle 1 is an electric (electrically driven) vehicle (EV) that uses the motor 40 as a drive source.

[0019] The suspension cross member 30 is a skeleton frame that supports the motor 40. In other words, the suspension cross member 30 constitutes a motor support frame.

[0020] The motor 40 is supported on the suspension cross member 30 by three motor mounts 42, 43. The three motor mounts 42, 43 control the swaying of the vehicle body and also absorb vibrations, shocks, and the like.

[0021] A pair of motor mounts 42 supports the front side of the vehicle body of the motor 40. Each motor mount 42 of the front mount is provided on the front cross member 31 of the suspension cross member 30. Each motor mount 42 is fastened to the left and right side portions of the front side of the motor 40 and to the front cross member 31 with multiple bolts of fastening members (not shown).

[0022] One of the rear mounts, motor mount 43, supports the rear side of the vehicle body of motor 40. Motor mount 43 is fixed to approximately the center of rear cross member 32 of suspension cross member 30. Motor mount 43 is fastened to the rear of motor 40 and rear cross member 32 with multiple bolts of fastening members (not shown).

[0023] That is, the motor 40 is supported via a total of three motor mounts 42, 43, two on the front side and one on the rear side, and is mounted on the rear suspension cross member 30.

[0024] As shown in Figure 6, the trailer hitch 10 has a pair of hitch brackets 11 fastened to the outer side surfaces of each rear side frame 20 in the width direction of the vehicle by a plurality of bolts or the like. Each hitch bracket 11 is arranged along the longitudinal direction of each rear side frame 20.

[0025] Each hitch bracket 11 constitutes a fixed member in the trailer hitch 10. Each hitch bracket 11 is formed in a plate shape or a cylindrical shape with a rectangular cross section. A cross member 12 is connected between each hitch bracket 11.

[0026] A hitch ball support portion 13 is fixed to the center in the width direction of the cross member 12. That is, the hitch ball support portion 13 is provided at a position approximately in the center in the vehicle width direction of the cross member 12 attached to the rear of the vehicle body (a region parallel in the up-down direction to the axis X, which is the central axis of the vehicle 1 in the fore-and-aft direction, as shown in FIG. 7).

[0027] The hitch ball support portion 13 has a stay portion 14, a hitch arm portion 15, and a hitch ball support shaft 16 that supports a hitch ball 17. The stay portion 14 extends downward from the center of the cross member 12. The hitch arm portion 15 protrudes rearward from the bottom of the stay portion 14.

[0028] The hitch ball support shaft 16 is erected on the rear end of the hitch arm portion 15. The hitch ball 17 is provided on the upper part of the hitch ball support shaft 16. The hitch ball support portion 13 is installed so that the hitch arm portion 15, hitch ball support shaft 16, and hitch ball 17 protrude from the rear of the vehicle body.

[0029] At the rear end portion of the rear side frame 20, an energy absorption (EA) crushing zone 25 is set in a predetermined range in a direction parallel to the axis X, which is the central axis of the vehicle 1 in the longitudinal direction, as shown in FIG.

[0030] The EA crush zone 25 is a region that absorbs collision energy by being crushed (buckled multiple times) in the axial direction when subjected to a collision load F (see FIGS. 9 to 12) from the collision body 100 during a rear-end collision.

[0031] Incidentally, when the EA crushing zone 25 is formed by processing the rear side frame 20 itself, for example, bellows (not shown) or the like are formed in a predetermined range from the rear end side forward. Such bellows or the like form unevenness that serves as the starting point of buckling. The unevenness is formed by beads or the like.

[0032] The trailer hitch 10 fastened and fixed to the rear side frame 20 is disposed in a vertical region that divides the vehicle body left and right in a direction parallel to the axis X passing through substantially the center in the vehicle width direction. That is, the stay portion 14, the hitch arm portion 15, the hitch ball support shaft 16, and the hitch ball 17 are provided in a vertical region parallel to the axis X.

[0033] Further, the motor mount 43 on the rear side of the vehicle body that supports the motor 40 is provided in a vertical region parallel to the axis X passing through substantially the center in the vehicle width direction of the suspension cross member 30.

[0034] That is, the hitch ball support portion 13 and the motor mount 43 on the rear side of the vehicle body are provided in a vertical (perpendicular) plane orthogonal to a left - right (horizontal) plane passing through the axis X that is substantially the center in the vehicle width direction.

[0035] As shown in FIG. 8, the trailer hitch 10 is set such that the upper end of the hitch ball 17 is spaced downward by a predetermined distance (range) d from the lower end of each rear side frame 20. That is, the hitch ball 17 is offset downward by a predetermined distance (range) d from each rear side frame 20.

[0036] Further, the trailer hitch 10 is set such that a predetermined length L of each hitch bracket 11 is shorter (L < H) than a predetermined height H from the lower end of the rear side frame 20 to the lower end of the suspension cross member 30.

[0037] The suspension cross member 30 is arranged such that the upper end of the front cross member 31, which supports the motor 40 on the front side of the vehicle body, is positioned lower than the lower end of the motor 40. In other words, the motor 40 is offset upward relative to the front cross member 31 of the suspension cross member 30.

[0038] That is, the motor 40 is mounted on the front cross member 31 or at a position higher than the front cross member 31 and is fixedly supported on the suspension cross member 30 via three motor mounts 42 and 43 .

[0039] In this state, the motor 40 is fixed to the suspension cross member 30 with its front side portions supported by a pair of motor mounts 42 and its rear lower central portion supported by a single motor mount 43.

[0040] Each motor mount 42 that supports the front side of the motor 40 is fixed to the front cross member 31 of the suspension cross member 30 and the motor 40 by a plurality of bolts, which are fastening members (not shown). Each bolt that fixes the motor mount 42 to the front cross member 31 and the motor 40 has a predetermined strength that will break in the event of a rear-end collision with the vehicle 1.

[0041] In addition, the motor mount 43, which supports the rear of the motor 40, is fixed to the rear cross member 32 and the motor 40 by a plurality of bolts, which are fastening members (not shown). Each bolt that fixes the motor mount 43 to the rear cross member 32 and the motor 40 has a predetermined strength that will not break even in a rear-end collision with the vehicle 1.

[0042] The trailer hitch 10, each rear side frame 20, and the suspension cross member 30 of the subframe that supports the motor 40 described above constitute the rear body structure 2 of the vehicle 1. The trailer hitch 10 has a predetermined rigidity that prevents each hitch bracket 11, cross member 12, and hitch ball support 13 from breaking during a rear-end collision with the vehicle 1.

[0043] Next, we will explain the behavior of the vehicle 1 equipped with the vehicle rear structure 2 when it is hit by a rear collision. As described above, in the vehicle 1 equipped with the trailer hitch 10 of this embodiment, the rear portion of the hitch arm portion 15 of the hitch ball support portion 13 protrudes from the center of the rear of the vehicle body in the vehicle width direction. The hitch ball 17 is erected by the hitch ball support shaft 16 at the rear end of the hitch arm portion 15.

[0044] The hitch arm portion 15 is offset downward relative to each hitch bracket 11 that secures the trailer hitch 10 to the two rear side frames 20. The hitch ball 17, which is erected on the hitch arm portion 15 by a hitch ball support shaft 16, is offset downward by a predetermined distance d from the lower end of each rear side frame 20.

[0045] Therefore, as shown in Figure 9, when a collision load F is applied to the hitch ball 17 of the trailer hitch 10 from a collision body 100 such as another vehicle or a collision test barrier coming from behind, stress acts on the hitch ball 17 diagonally downward toward the front of the vehicle. Note that a force that swings the trailer hitch 10 diagonally downward toward the front of the vehicle is also applied to the rear end of the hitch arm portion 15.

[0046] At this time, a rotation moment M is generated in the trailer hitch 10 around the front end of each hitch bracket 11 fastened to each rear side frame 20. The trailer hitch 10 has a predetermined rigidity sufficient to prevent deformation even when subjected to a collision load that would crush the EA crush zone 25 of each rear side frame 20.

[0047] Each hitch bracket 11 is designed to have sufficient strength to withstand a collision. As a result, in the early stages of a rear-end collision with a collision object 100, a load of a clockwise rotation moment M is generated in the trailer hitch 10, as shown in FIG.

[0048] Then, in the EA crush zone 25 provided in each rear side frame 20, due to the rotational moment M generated in the trailer hitch 10, with the front end of each hitch bracket 11 as a fulcrum, a tensile load is generated at the upper part toward the rear, and a compressive load is generated at the lower part toward the front.

[0049] At this time, as shown in FIG. 11, during the middle stage of the rear-end collision by the collision body 100, the vehicle 1 continues to receive the load of the clockwise rotational moment M on the trailer hitch 10.

[0050] Therefore, when a collision load F is further applied to the trailer hitch 10 from the collision body 100, due to the rotational moment M, it rotates approximately 90° obliquely downward toward the front side of the vehicle body. That is, since the trailer hitch 10 is set with a predetermined rigidity that does not break during a rear-end collision, it rotates approximately 90° clockwise without significant deformation.

[0051] At that time, the collision body 100 pushes the trailer hitch 10 toward the front side of the vehicle body while crushing the rear side frames

[0054] 20 where each hitch bracket 11 is provided. As a result, each rear side frame 20 undergoes bending deformation as if it were to bend.

[0052] In this way, in the vehicle 1, the upper rear end of the EA crush zone 25 of each rear side frame 20 is bent and the lower part is crushed, so that the collision energy is absorbed by each rear side frame 20.

[0053] Also, the trailer hitch 10 is pushed into the collision body 100 and moves forward as the EA crush zone 25 of each rear side frame 20 is crushed. At this time, since the predetermined length L of each hitch bracket 11 is set shorter (L < H) than the predetermined height H from each rear side frame 20 to the suspension cross member 30, the hitch ball support portion 13 collides with the motor mount 43 fastened and fixed to the rear cross member 32 of the suspension cross member 30. [[ID=2"]]

[0054] Furthermore, since the motor mount 43 on the rear side of the trailer hitch 10 is located in an up-down (vertical) plane passing through the axis X at approximately the center of the vehicle width direction, the hitch ball support portion 13 rotated approximately 90° clockwise will reliably collide with the motor mount 43.

[0055] In the hitch ball support portion 13, the bottom surface of the hitch arm portion 15 at the lower end of the stay portion 14 hits the motor mount 43. At that time, the motor mount 43 is pushed into the hitch ball support portion 13 and moves toward the front of the vehicle body.

[0056] Therefore, in the vehicle 1 , the suspension cross member 30 to which the motor mount 43 is fastened and fixed deforms as the EA crush zone 25 of each rear side frame 20 is crushed, thereby absorbing the collision energy from the collision object 100 .

[0057] Furthermore, as the motor mount 43 moves forward, the motor 40 mounted on the suspension cross member 30 is pushed forward and moves forward. At this time, a pair of motor mounts 42 that are attached to the front cross member 31 of the suspension cross member 30 and support the front side of the motor 40 break. In addition, multiple bolts (not shown) that fasten the front cross member 31 and the motor 40 to each motor mount 42 also break during a rear-end collision with the vehicle 1.

[0058] As a result, the motor 40 is pushed forward by the hitch ball support 13 of the trailer hitch 10 via the motor mount 43. At this time, the motor 40 moves in a sliding manner toward the front of the vehicle on the front cross member 31.

[0059] In the later stage of a rear-end collision, the vehicle 1 can end the collision in a short stroke (span) due to the deformation of the suspension cross member 30 in addition to the absorption of collision energy by the rear side frames 20, as shown in FIG.

[0060] Thus, in the rear body structure 2 of the vehicle 1 of the present embodiment, the position of the hitch ball 17 of the trailer hitch 10 fixed to each rear side frame 20 is set to be located downward by a predetermined distance (range) d from the lower end of each rear side frame 20.

[0061] Thereby, when a collision load F is applied from the collision body 100 to the hitch ball 17 during a rear collision, the trailer hitch 10 is set to generate a load of a rotational moment M in the clockwise direction on the lower front side of the vehicle body. Further, the trailer hitch 10 is set with a predetermined rigidity that does not break during a rear collision, and each rear side frame 20 is bent and deformed so as to bend downward.

[0062] In addition to this, the trailer hitch 10 is set such that a predetermined length L of each hitch bracket 11 is shorter than a predetermined height H from the lower end of each rear side frame 20 to the lower end of the suspension cross member 30 (L < H). Thereby, the trailer hitch 10 collides with the motor mount 43 in which the hitch ball support portion 13 is fixed to the rear cross member 32 of the suspension cross member 30. / /

[0063] Then, the motor 40 is pushed out and moved forward by the movement of the trailer hitch 10 forward of the vehicle body accompanying the crushing of each rear side frame 20 through the motor mount 43 that supports the rear. When the motor 40 is pushed out forward of the vehicle body, a pair of motor mounts 42 and a plurality of bolts that support the front side break.

[0064] Furthermore, in the rear body structure 2 of the vehicle 1, in a rear collision, in addition to the crushing and deformation of each rear side frame 20, the suspension cross member 30 is deformed, so that collision energy can be absorbed in a short span.

[0065] Thus, the rear body structure 2 of the vehicle 1 absorbs the collision energy during a rear collision by the collision body 100 in a short stroke (span) in an electric (electric) vehicle (EV) in which the rear wheels are driven.

[0066] Furthermore, even if the rear body structure 2 of the vehicle 1 is mounted with a motor 40, a high-voltage component that is a relatively heavy and robust drive source unit, on the suspension cross member 30 between each rear side frame 20, the motor 40 is moved so as to escape toward the front of the vehicle body.

[0067] As a result, the rear body structure 2 of the vehicle 1 can effectively protect the motor 40, which is a high-voltage component, without damaging it.

[0068] Furthermore, the rear body structure 2 of the vehicle 1 can absorb collision energy over a short span in the event of a rear collision, and therefore can be applied to small-sized vehicle bodies with short rear overhangs.

[0069] Therefore, by adopting the rear body structure 2, a small-sized vehicle 1 can be fitted with the trailer hitch 10 even if it is an electric (electrically driven) vehicle (EV) driven by the rear wheels 4R, 4L.

[0070] As described above, the rear body structure 2 of the vehicle 1 of this embodiment is configured to be able to absorb the necessary collision energy in the event of a rear collision in a small-sized electric vehicle (EV) equipped with a trailer hitch 10.

[0071] The rear body structure 2 of the vehicle 1 of the present invention is a technology that can be applied to various electric (electric) vehicles (EVs) such as battery electric vehicles (BEVs), hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs), plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs), and fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs), in which the driving source, which is a high-voltage motor 40, is mounted on the suspension cross member 30, which is the rear subframe.

[0072] The invention described in the above embodiments is not limited to those embodiments, and various modifications can be made in the implementation stage without departing from the gist of the invention. Furthermore, each of the above embodiments includes inventions at various stages, and various inventions can be extracted by appropriate combinations of the disclosed multiple constituent elements.

[0073] For example, if some constituent elements are deleted from all the constituent elements shown in each form, and the stated problem can still be solved and the stated effect can still be obtained, then the configuration from which these constituent elements have been deleted can be extracted as an invention. [Explanation of symbols]

[0074] 1...Vehicle 2...Rear body structure 4R,4L…Rear wheel 10...Trailer hitch 11...Hitch bracket 12, 21, 22...Cross member 13...Hitch ball support 14...Stay section 15...Hitch arm 16...Hitch ball support shaft 17...Hitch ball 20...Rear side frame 25...Effective Impact (EA) Crush Zone 30...Suspension cross member 31...Front cross member 32...Rear cross member 40...Motor 42, 43...Motor mount 100…Collision object F…Collision load M...Rotational moment X…axis d...Distance (range)

Claims

1. a pair of rear side frames extending along the front-rear direction at a rear portion of the vehicle body; a trailer hitch fixed to the rear side frame; a subframe provided between the rear side frames; a high-voltage component mounted on the subframe and configured to drive rear wheels; a plurality of mounts for supporting the high voltage components on the subframe; In a rear body structure of a vehicle having The trailer hitch is a pair of brackets fixed to the rear side frames, the brackets having a length in the front-rear direction shorter than a height in the up-down direction of the vehicle body from a lower end of the rear side frame to a lower end of the subframe; a cross member provided between the pair of brackets; a stay portion extending downward from a center of the cross member in a vehicle width direction; an arm portion extending rearward from the bottom of the stay portion; a support shaft erected on a rear end of the arm; a hitch ball provided on an upper portion of the support shaft and located below the pair of rear side frames; and The plurality of mounts include: a pair of front mounts supporting both front side portions of the high-voltage component; a rear mount supporting a rear portion of the high-voltage component at a center in a vehicle width direction; and A rear body structure of a vehicle characterized in that the trailer hitch, which receives a collision load from a collision object during a rear collision, is configured to generate a rotational moment downward, where it collides with the rear mount.

2. the subframe is provided such that an upper end of the front cross member is located lower than a lower end of the high-voltage component, 2. The rear body structure of a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the pair of mounts supporting both sides of the high-voltage components are fixed to the front cross member.

3. 3. The vehicle rear body structure of claim 2, wherein the fastening members fastening the pair of front mounts to the high-voltage components and the front cross member have a predetermined strength that will break when the rotating trailer hitch collides with the rear mount during a rear-end collision, pushing the high-voltage components forward and moving the high-voltage components.

4. 4. The vehicle rear body structure according to claim 1, wherein the trailer hitch has a predetermined rigidity that prevents deformation during the rear collision.

5. 5. The rear body structure of a vehicle according to claim 4, wherein the high-voltage component is a motor that drives rear wheels.

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