Device and method for tamping ballast track

Abstract

To enable suppression of crushing and grain refining of ballast on a ballast track.SOLUTION: A device for tamping ballast tracks includes: an excitation unit for generating vibration; a vibration transmission unit for transmitting the vibration generated by the excitation unit to ballast; an energy supply unit for supplying energy to the excitation unit; and a vibration adjustment unit for adjusting the vibration generated by the excitation unit. The vibration transmission unit is a slender member with at least its root attached to the excitation unit and at least its tip capable of being inserted into the ballast. The vibration adjustment unit increases or decreases the frequency of the vibration.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] FIELD OF THE DISCLOSURE The present disclosure relates to a ballast track compaction apparatus and method. [Background technology]

[0002] BACKGROUND ART Conventionally, so-called ballasted track has been widely adopted as a railway track, that is, a track, in which a ballast track is provided on a roadbed with crushed stone (ballast) and sleepers and rails laid thereon.

[0003] However, in ballasted track, load fluctuations occur near rail joints, etc., which can cause localized settlement of the ballast supporting the rails and sleepers. Therefore, in ballasted track, track irregularity is periodically inspected, and in areas where track irregularity is large, maintenance work is carried out to level the rails by raising the rails with jacks and using a ballast track compaction device called a tie tamper to compact ballast under the sleepers (compaction work) (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 to 4 and Non-Patent Documents 1 and 2). [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] Jikko No. 63-32162 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2023-74689 [Patent Document 3] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2023-74690 [Patent Document 4] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2023-74691 [Non-patent literature]

[0005] [Non-Patent Document 1] Takayuki Onodera, "Confirmation Test of Ballast Compaction Effect by Tie Tampers, etc.", 66th Annual Academic Conference of the Japan Society of Civil Engineers, 2011, pp. 133-134 [Non-patent document 2] Kiyoshi Inui, "Tamping of Track Bed by Tie Tamper", Railway Technical Research Institute Bulletin, 1953, Vol. 10, No. 17, pp. 4-13 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0006] However, tamping work breaks down the ballast into smaller particles, and as the ballast continues to break down and become smaller due to repeated tamping work and aging, the strength of the ballast decreases, resulting in greater settlement.

[0007] The object of this invention is to provide a ballasted track compaction device and method that can solve the problems of the conventional techniques and suppress the crushing and pulverization of ballast in a ballasted track. [Means for solving the problem]

[0008] To this end, the ballast track compaction device is equipped with a vibration generating unit that generates vibrations, a vibration transmission unit that transmits the vibrations generated by the vibration generating unit to the ballast, an energy supply unit that supplies energy to the vibration generating unit, and a vibration adjustment unit that adjusts the vibrations generated by the vibration generating unit, wherein the vibration transmission unit is an elongated member with at least its base attached to the vibration generating unit and at least its tip that can be inserted into the ballast, and the vibration adjustment unit increases or decreases the frequency of the vibrations.

[0009] In another ballast track compaction device, the vibration transmission part is a strip-shaped member.

[0010] In yet another ballast track compaction device, the vibration transmission portion is a spatula-shaped member including at least one bent portion formed between the base and the tip.

[0011] In yet another ballast track compaction device, the vibration adjustment unit is further capable of switching the frequency of the vibration between a reference frequency, a low frequency lower than the reference frequency, or a high frequency higher than the reference frequency.

[0012] In yet another ballast track compaction device, the reference frequency is 47 Hz, the low frequency is 40 Hz, and the high frequency is 70 Hz.

[0013] In yet another ballast track compaction device, an operating handle operated by an operator is further provided, the operating handle being attached to the vibration excitation unit, and the vibration adjustment unit including a vibration adjustment operating member attached to the operating handle.

[0014] In yet another ballast track compaction device, the energy supply unit is installed at a distance from the vibration generator, and the vibration adjustment unit controls the energy supply unit to increase or decrease the frequency of the energy supplied to the vibration generator.

[0015] The method for compacting ballast track involves using a ballast track compaction device that includes a vibration generating unit that generates vibrations, a vibration transmission unit that is an elongated member with at least its base attached to the vibration generating unit and at least its tip that can be inserted into the ballast, and that transmits the vibrations generated by the vibration generating unit to the ballast, and an energy supply unit that supplies energy to the vibration generating unit, and the method involves increasing or decreasing the frequency of the vibrations when compacting the ballast track.

[0016] In another method for compacting a ballast track, after at least the tip of the vibration transmitting portion is inserted into the ballast, the frequency of the vibration is reduced below a reference frequency to perform the ballast track compaction operation.

[0017] In still another method for compacting a ballast track, the frequency of the vibration is increased above a reference frequency, and then at least the tip of the vibration transmitting portion is inserted into the ballast. [Effects of the Invention]

[0018] According to the present disclosure, it is possible to suppress the fragmentation and granulation of ballast in ballasted track. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0019] [Figure 1] FIG. 2 is a front view of the ballast track compaction device according to the present embodiment. [Figure 2] 1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the operation of ballast track compaction work using the ballast track compaction device in this embodiment. FIG. [Figure 3] FIG. 10 is a first diagram showing the results of a particle size test of the ballast after tamping work on the ballast track has been carried out in this embodiment. [Figure 4] FIG. 10 is a first diagram showing the results of a density test of the ballast after tamping work on the ballast track has been carried out in this embodiment. [Figure 5] FIG. 2 is a second diagram showing the results of a particle size test of the ballast after tamping work on the ballast track has been carried out in this embodiment. [Figure 6] FIG. 2 is a second diagram showing the results of a density test of the ballast after tamping work on the ballast track has been carried out in this embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0020] The present embodiment will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

[0021] Fig. 1 is a front view of a ballast track compaction device according to this embodiment, and Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the operation of ballast track compaction work using the ballast track compaction device according to this embodiment. In Fig. 2, (a) is a diagram showing the state in which the tip of the vibration transmission unit is inserted into ballast with a thin ballast bed thickness, (b) is a diagram showing the state in which the tip of the vibration transmission unit is inserted under a sleeper in ballast with a thin ballast bed thickness, (c) is a diagram showing the state in which the tip of the vibration transmission unit is inserted into ballast with a thick ballast bed thickness, and (d) is a diagram showing the state in which the tip of the vibration transmission unit is inserted under a sleeper in ballast with a thick ballast bed thickness.

[0022] In the figure, reference numeral 10 denotes a tie tamper as a ballast track compaction device in this embodiment, and more specifically, it is a type of tie tamper known as a hand tie tamper that can be held and operated by a single operator.

[0023] The tie tamper 10 includes an operating handle 14 extending generally horizontally, an excitation unit 11 suspended from the operating handle 14 via a pair of buffer arms 16, a beater 12 attached to the excitation unit 11 as a vibration transmitter, a control unit 13 installed on the operating handle 14 as a vibration adjustment unit that controls the operation of the excitation unit 11, and a power supply 21 as an energy supply unit that supplies energy to the excitation unit 11. The control unit 13 includes an operating member 13a as a vibration adjustment operating member that can be operated by an operator. The operating member 13a is attached to the operating handle 14 and may be a member such as a button, stick, or lever, or it may be a cylindrical member rotatably attached to the outer periphery of the operating handle 14, like the throttle operating grip of a motorcycle.

[0024] The vibration generating unit 11 includes an electric motor (not shown) as a drive source, and an eccentric weight (unbalanced weight) (not shown) as a vibration generating member. The eccentric weight is fixed to the rotating shaft of the electric motor, and when the electric motor is operated, the eccentric weight rotates and generates vibration.

[0025] In the example shown in the figures, the power supply 21 is installed at a location remote from the tie tamper 10 and is connected to the operating handle 14 of the tie tamper 10 via a first power cord 22a, and is further connected from the operating handle 14 to the electric motor of the vibration generating unit 11 via a second power cord 22b. As a result, electric power as energy is supplied from the power supply 21 to the electric motor of the vibration generating unit 11 via the first power cord 22a and the second power cord 22b. Electric power from the power supply 21 is also supplied to the control unit 13 installed on the operating handle 14 via the first power cord 22a.

[0026] Furthermore, it is desirable that the first power cord 22a and the second power cord 22b include not only a power line for transmitting power but also a signal line for transmitting an electric signal, so that a control signal sent from the control unit 13 is transmitted to the power source 21 and the vibration generating unit 11, and the operator can control the operation of the power source 21 and the vibration generating unit 11 by operating the operating member 13a of the control unit 13.

[0027] Note that instead of the power source 21 installed at a location distant from the tie tamper 10, a battery (cell) detachably attached to the tie tamper 10 can also be used as the energy supply unit. Also, instead of an electric motor, an internal combustion engine such as a gasoline engine can be used as the drive source for the vibration generating unit 11, in which case a fuel tank attached to the tie tamper 10 is used as the energy supply unit.

[0028] In the example shown in the drawings, the vibration generating unit 11 is supported by a frame-shaped support member 15, and a pair of buffer arms 16 are attached to the upper end of the support member 15. The base of an auxiliary handle 14a extending laterally is also attached to the support member 15. The auxiliary handle 14a is a member that the operator holds as needed, for example, when changing the position of the tie tamper 10.

[0029] At least the base 12b of the beater 12 is attached to one side of the vibration generator 11. Specifically, the base 12b and its vicinity, i.e., a portion within a predetermined length from the base 12b, are fixed to one side of the vibration generator 11. The beater 12 is a long, narrow, strip-like member extending with its tip 12a pointing downward, and its width is, for example, approximately 100 to 200 mm. More specifically, the beater 12 is a spatula-shaped member including at least one bent portion formed between the base 12b and the tip 12a, and in the example shown in the figure, includes bent portion 12c. As a result, the tip 12a is oriented in a direction inclined, for example, by approximately 45 degrees, relative to the vertical direction.

[0030] In this way, the beater 12 is formed in a spatula shape including at least one bent portion, and the tip 12a is bent relative to the base 12b and its vicinity, making it possible to perform tamping work according to the trackbed thickness of the ballast 31. The number of bent portions 12c in the beater 12 is not limited to one, and may be two or more.

[0031] FIG. 2 shows how the tie tamper 10 of this embodiment is used to perform tamping work on a ballast track. As shown in FIG. 2(a), when the beater 12 is inserted into ballast 31 with a thin ballast bed thickness of about 100 mm, only the tip 12a is inserted into the ballast 31. Then, by simply tilting the tie tamper 10, the operator can easily feed the tip 12a under a sleeper 32, as shown in FIG. 2(b), thereby efficiently gathering and compacting the ballast 31 under the sleeper 32. Furthermore, when the beater 12 is inserted into ballast 31 with a normal ballast bed thickness of about 200 mm, as shown in FIG. 2(c), it can be inserted into the ballast 31 up to the bend 12c, and as shown in FIG. 2(d), the ballast 31 can be efficiently gathered and compacted under the sleeper 32.

[0032] The ballast 31 is a granular material such as crushed stone that constitutes the track bed of a ballasted track as shown in FIG. 2, and is made by crushing hard rock such as granite, quartzite, basalt, or andesite into pieces of about 15 to 70 mm in size using a stone crusher, and has a specific gravity of 2.5 to 33.0 g / cm 3 ] and the particle size is 19.1 to 63.5 [mm].

[0033] Furthermore, when the operator operates the operating member 13a during tamping of the ballast track, the control unit 13 can increase or decrease the frequency of the vibration generated by the vibration generating unit 11. This allows the frequency of the vibration transmitted from the vibration generating unit 11 to the ballast 31 via the beater 12 to be increased or decreased.

[0034] Specifically, the control unit 13 controls the power supply 21 as an energy supply unit to increase or decrease the frequency of the AC power as energy supplied to the vibration generating unit 11. That is, the control unit 13 sends a control signal to the power supply 21 to increase or decrease the frequency of the AC power generated by the power supply 21. This increases or decreases the rotation speed of the electric motor as the drive source of the vibration generating unit 11, which is driven by the AC power generated by the power supply 21, and therefore increases or decreases the frequency of the vibration generated by the eccentric weight rotated by the electric motor.

[0035] If the energy supply unit is a battery attached to the tie tamper 10 rather than the power source 21, the control unit 13 directly controls the operation of an electric motor serving as the drive source for the vibration generating unit 11, which is driven by DC power from the battery, to increase or decrease the rotation speed of the electric motor. Furthermore, if the drive source for the vibration generating unit 11 is an internal combustion engine rather than an electric motor, the control unit 13 directly controls the operation of the internal combustion engine to increase or decrease the rotation speed of the internal combustion engine.

[0036] In addition, the control unit 13 can switch the frequency of the vibration generated by the vibration generating unit 11 between a reference frequency, a low frequency lower than the reference frequency, and a high frequency higher than the reference frequency. For convenience of explanation, the following description will be given assuming that the reference frequency is 47 Hz, the low frequency is 40 Hz, and the high frequency is 70 Hz.

[0037] When tamping the ballasted track, the ballast 31 is crushed and broken into fine particles, but the inventors of the present invention have discovered that lowering the frequency of the vibrations generated by the vibration generator 11 during tamping the ballasted track can prevent the ballast 31 from being crushed and broken into fine particles. They have also discovered that when inserting the tip 12a of the beater 12 into hardened ballast 31, i.e., hardened ballast, it is easier to insert the tip 12a by increasing the frequency of the vibrations generated by the vibration generator 11.

[0038] Therefore, in this embodiment, it is desirable to perform ballast track compaction work after at least the tip 12a of the beater 12 has been inserted into the ballast 31, and then lower the frequency of the vibrations generated by the vibration generating unit 11 to a low frequency that is lower than the normal reference frequency. Furthermore, particularly when dealing with consolidated ballast, it is desirable to insert at least the tip 12a of the beater 12 into the ballast 31 after raising the frequency of the vibrations generated by the vibration generating unit 11 to a high frequency that is higher than the normal reference frequency.

[0039] Next, evaluation by increasing or decreasing the frequency of the vibration generated by the vibration generating unit 11 will be described.

[0040] Figure 3 is the first figure showing the results of the ballast particle size test after ballasted track compaction work in this embodiment, Figure 4 is the first figure showing the results of the ballast density test after ballasted track compaction work in this embodiment, Figure 5 is the second figure showing the results of the ballast particle size test after ballasted track compaction work in this embodiment, and Figure 6 is the second figure showing the results of the ballast density test after ballasted track compaction work in this embodiment.

[0041] Figure 3 shows the results of a particle size test on the ballast 31 after tamping the ballast track when the vibration frequency generated by the vibrator 11 was set to the normal reference frequency of 47 Hz and when it was set to the lower low frequency of 40 Hz. In Figure 3, the horizontal axis shows the number of tamping operations (times), and the vertical axis shows the deterioration index FI (%).

[0042] The FI (Fouling Index) is a deterioration index commonly used overseas to quantitatively evaluate the deterioration state of ballast (see, for example, Non-Patent Documents 3 and 4). FI is a value obtained by adding together the mass ratio of particles with a particle size of 4.75 mm or less and the mass ratio of particles with a particle size of 0.075 mm or less to the total mass. According to the research described in Non-Patent Documents 3 and 4, when the FI is 20% or more, it is determined to be "deteriorated," meaning that ballast settlement is likely to increase. In this case, settlement countermeasures such as ballast replacement are required to reduce the amount of maintenance required.

[0043] [Non-patent document 3] Masayuki Takaura, Takahisa Nakamura, Takahiro Kageyama, "Method for evaluating the soundness of ballast containing sediment," 2nd National Symposium on Transportation Geotechnical Engineering, 2022, 1-1, 031 [Non-patent document 4] Selig, ET: Ballast for heavy duty track, In: Track Technology, Proceedings of a Conference organized by the Institute of Engineers (ICE), Nottingham, 1985, pp.245-252

[0044] From Figure 3, it can be seen that when the frequency of the vibration generated by the vibrator 11 during tamping work is reduced from the standard frequency of 47 Hz to a low frequency of 40 Hz, the deterioration index FI of the ballast 31 decreases, as shown by the arrow, regardless of whether the tamping cycle is 100, 200, or 400 times. It was confirmed that the deterioration index FI decreased by approximately 50% at the maximum.

[0045] In this way, it was confirmed that by lowering the frequency of the vibration generated by the vibration generating unit 11 during the ballast track compaction work, the crushing and pulverization of the ballast 31 can be suppressed.

[0046] Figure 4 shows the results of a density test of the ballast 31 after tamping the ballasted track in a state where the frequency of the vibration generated by the vibrator 11 was lowered from the normal reference frequency of 47 Hz to a low frequency of 40 Hz. In Figure 4, the horizontal axis shows the vibration frequencies of 40 Hz and 47 Hz generated by the vibrator 11, and the vertical axis shows the dry ballast density (g / cm 3 ] is shown.

[0047] From Figure 4, it can be seen that even if the frequency of the vibration generated by the vibrator 11 during the ballast track compaction work is reduced from the standard frequency of 47 Hz to a low frequency of 40 Hz, there is no significant change in the dry ballast density, which is an index showing the degree of compaction of the ballast 31.

[0048] In this way, it was confirmed that even if the frequency of the vibration generated by the vibration generating unit 11 is lowered during the tamping work of the ballast track, there is no significant change in the degree of tamping of the ballast 31.

[0049] Figure 5 shows the results of a grain size test on the ballast 31 after tamping the ballasted track at three different frequencies: the standard frequency of 47 Hz, a lower frequency of 40 Hz, and a higher frequency of 70 Hz. The figure also shows the results of a grain size test on the ballast 31 after tamping the ballasted track at the higher frequency of 70 Hz and replacing the vibration-generating eccentric weight, i.e., the weight, with a lighter weight (2 / 3 the weight). In Figure 5, the horizontal axis represents the number of tamping cycles, and the vertical axis represents the deterioration index FI (%).

[0050] 5 shows that when the frequency of vibration generated by the vibrator 11 during tamping of the ballast track is reduced from the reference frequency of 47 Hz to a low frequency of 40 Hz, the deterioration index FI of the ballast 31 decreases regardless of whether the tamping cycle is 100, 200, or 400. On the other hand, when the frequency of vibration generated by the vibrator 11 is increased from the reference frequency of 47 Hz to a high frequency of 70 Hz, the deterioration index FI of the ballast 31 increases regardless of whether the tamping cycle is 100, 200, or 400. However, even when the frequency of vibration generated by the vibrator 11 is a high frequency of 70 Hz, the deterioration index FI of the ballast 31 decreases if the force at which the vibrator 11 generates vibration, i.e., the excitation force, is reduced by using a lighter weight.

[0051] In this way, it was confirmed that lowering the frequency of vibration generated by the vibrating unit 11 during ballast track compaction work suppresses the crushing and pulverization of the ballast 31, that increasing the frequency of vibration generated by the vibrating unit 11 promotes the crushing and pulverization of the ballast 31, and that reducing the vibration force of the vibrating unit 11 suppresses the crushing and pulverization of the ballast 31.

[0052] Figure 6 shows the results of a density test of the ballast 31 after tamping the ballast track in the following conditions: the vibration frequency generated by the vibrator 11 was set to the normal reference frequency of 47 Hz; a lower frequency of 40 Hz; the low frequency of 40 Hz but a higher high frequency of 70 Hz when the tip 12a of the beater 12 was inserted into the ballast 31; the reference frequency of 47 Hz, with a lighter weight and a reduced vibration force of the vibrator 11; the high frequency of 60 Hz, with a lighter weight and a reduced vibration force of the vibrator 11; and the high frequency of 70 Hz, with a lighter weight and a reduced vibration force of the vibrator 11. In FIG. 6, the horizontal axis represents the frequency of vibration generated by the vibrator 11, 40 [Hz], 40 [Hz] (70 [Hz] frequency when the tip 12a of the beater 12 is inserted into the ballast 31), 47 [Hz], 47 [Hz] (weight of the weight is 2 / 3), 60 [Hz] (weight of the weight is 2 / 3), and 70 [Hz] (weight of the weight is 2 / 3), and the vertical axis represents the dry ballast density [g / cm 3 ] is shown.

[0053] From Figure 6, it can be seen that even if the frequency of vibration generated by the vibrator 11 during tamping work of the ballast track is reduced from the standard frequency of 47 Hz to a low frequency of 40 Hz, there is no significant change in the dry ballast density, which is an index showing the degree of compaction of the ballast 31. However, it can also be seen that if the force at which the vibrator 11 generates vibration, i.e., the excitation force, is reduced by using a lighter weight, the dry ballast density decreases, and that even if the excitation force is reduced, the dry ballast density recovers if the frequency of the vibration generated by the vibrator 11 is increased.

[0054] In this way, it was confirmed that even if the frequency of the vibration generated by the vibration generating unit 11 is lowered during ballast track compaction work, there is no significant change in the degree of compaction of the ballast 31, and that even if the vibration force of the vibration generating unit 11 is reduced, there is no significant change in the degree of compaction of the ballast 31 if the frequency of the vibration generated by the vibration generating unit 11 is increased.

[0055] Thus, the tie tamper 10 in this embodiment comprises an excitation unit 11 that generates vibrations, a beater 12 that transmits the vibrations generated by the excitation unit 11 to the ballast 31, a power source 21 that supplies energy to the excitation unit 11, and a control unit 13 that adjusts the vibrations generated by the excitation unit 11. The beater 12 is an elongated member having at least its base 12b attached to the excitation unit 11 and at least its tip 12a that can be inserted into the ballast 31, and the control unit 13 increases or decreases the frequency of the vibrations.

[0056] This makes it possible to suppress the ballast 31 in the ballasted track from being crushed and broken down into fine particles.

[0057] The beater 12 is a strip-shaped member. The beater 12 is a spatula-shaped member including at least one bent portion 12c formed between the base 12b and the tip 12a. The control unit 13 can switch the vibration frequency between a reference frequency, a low frequency lower than the reference frequency, and a high frequency higher than the reference frequency. The reference frequency is 47 Hz, the low frequency is 40 Hz, and the high frequency is 70 Hz. The tie tamper 10 further includes an operating handle 14 operated by an operator. The operating handle 14 is attached to the vibration generating unit 11, and the control unit 13 includes an operating member 13a attached to the operating handle 14. The power source 21 is installed apart from the vibration generating unit 11, and the control unit 13 controls the power source 21 to increase or decrease the frequency of the energy supplied to the vibration generating unit 11.

[0058] In the method for compacting ballast track in this embodiment, tamping of the ballast track is performed using a tie tamper 10 that includes a vibration generating unit 11 that generates vibrations, a beater 12 that is an elongated member with at least a base 12b attached to the vibration generating unit 11 and at least a tip 12a that can be inserted into the ballast 31 and that transmits the vibrations generated by the vibration generating unit 11 to the ballast 31, and a power source 21 that supplies energy to the vibration generating unit 11. The vibration frequency is then increased or decreased during tamping of the ballast track.

[0059] This makes it possible to suppress the ballast 31 in the ballasted track from being crushed and broken down into fine particles.

[0060] After at least the tip 12a of the beater 12 is inserted into the ballast 31, the vibration frequency is lowered below the reference frequency to perform ballast track compaction work. After the vibration frequency is raised above the reference frequency, at least the tip 12a of the beater 12 is inserted into the ballast 31.

[0061] It should be noted that the disclosure herein describes features of preferred and exemplary embodiments, and that various other embodiments, modifications, and variations within the scope and spirit of the appended claims will occur to those skilled in the art upon review of the disclosure herein. [Industrial Applicability]

[0062] The present disclosure is applicable to ballast track compaction apparatus and methods. [Explanation of symbols]

[0063] 10 Thai Tampa 11 Excitation part 12 Vita 12a tip 12b Root 12c Bending section 13 Control Unit 13a Operating member 14 Operating handle 21 Power supply 31 Ballast

Claims

1. A ballast track compaction device comprising: a vibration generating unit that generates vibrations; a vibration transmitting unit that transmits the vibrations generated by the vibration generating unit to the ballast; an energy supply unit that supplies energy to the vibration generating unit; and a vibration adjusting unit that adjusts the vibrations generated by the vibration generating unit, the vibration transmission unit is an elongated member at least at its base end attached to the vibration excitation unit and at least at its tip end insertable into the ballast, The ballast track compaction device is characterized in that the vibration adjustment unit increases or decreases the frequency of the vibration.

2. 2. The ballast track compaction device according to claim 1, wherein the vibration transmission part is a strip-shaped member.

3. 3. The ballast track compaction device according to claim 2, wherein the vibration transmission portion is a spatula-shaped member including at least one bent portion formed between the base and the tip.

4. 2. The ballast track compacting device according to claim 1, wherein the vibration adjusting unit is capable of switching the frequency of the vibration between a reference frequency, a low frequency lower than the reference frequency, and a high frequency higher than the reference frequency.

5. 5. The ballast track compaction apparatus of claim 4, wherein the reference frequency is 47 Hz, the low frequency is 40 Hz, and the high frequency is 70 Hz.

6. Further provided with an operating handle operated by an operator, 2. The ballast track compaction device according to claim 1, wherein the operating handle is attached to the vibration generating unit, and the vibration adjusting unit includes a vibration adjusting operating member attached to the operating handle.

7. The ballast track compaction device according to claim 1, wherein the energy supply unit is installed at a distance from the vibration generator, and the vibration adjustment unit controls the energy supply unit to increase or decrease the frequency of the energy supplied to the vibration generator.

8. A ballast track compaction method for compacting a ballast track using a ballast track compaction device comprising: a vibration generating unit that generates vibrations; a vibration transmitting unit that is an elongated member at least at its base that is attached to the vibration generating unit and at least at its tip that can be inserted into the ballast, and that transmits the vibrations generated by the vibration generating unit to the ballast; and an energy supply unit that supplies energy to the vibration generating unit, A method for compacting a ballast track, characterized in that the frequency of the vibration is increased or decreased when performing the ballast track compaction work.

9. 9. The method for compacting a ballast track according to claim 8, wherein the frequency of the vibration is lowered below a reference frequency after at least the tip of the vibration transmitting portion is inserted into the ballast, and the ballast track compaction operation is carried out.

10. 9. The method for compacting a ballast track according to claim 8, wherein at least the tip of the vibration transmitting portion is inserted into the ballast after the frequency of the vibration is increased above a reference frequency.

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