Soy milk separation device, method for separating soy milk, method for producing odorless soy milk, method for producing odorless soy milk coagulum, and method for producing meat substitute

Abstract

To provide a soy milk separation device, a method for separating soy milk, a method for producing odorless soy milk, a method for producing odorless soy milk coagulum, and a method for producing a meat substitute.SOLUTION: A soy milk separation device comprises a supply chamber 51 that supplies soy milk 11 containing anionic components and cationic components, a filtration chamber 52 that separates the anionic components in the soy milk 11 by electrofiltration as an anionic component discharge liquid and makes a soy milk concentrate 11B, and a filtrate chamber 53 that discharges a cationic component liquid 16A containing the cationic components from which the anionic components were separated to the outside as filtrate 11A, and the filtration chamber 52 comprises flat anode electrodes 60 arranged on the side of the supply chamber 51 and having through holes 60a, cathode filtration plate electrodes 14 arranged on the side of the filtrate chamber 53, equipped with diaphragms 13 having pores 13a that separate the anionic components, and having pores 14a, and a discharge part 52a that discharges the soy milk concentrate 11B.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a soy milk separation device for separating soy milk odor, a soy milk separation method, a method for producing odorless soy milk, a method for producing odorless soy milk coagulation, and a method for producing a meat substitute. [Background technology]

[0002] Soy milk is consumed as a highly nutritious and easy-to-drink beverage. As a natural functional beverage rich in high-quality protein, unsaturated fatty acids, vitamins, and minerals, soy milk consumption has been increasing in recent years not only in Japan but also around the world, including the United States and Asia. Despite this, soy milk's distinctive soybean odor and bitter, astringent taste make it a barrier to product selection for consumers who prioritize palatability over nutritional functionality. Reducing soy milk's unpleasant taste and odor is a crucial issue in attracting new consumers and encouraging them to consume it regularly as a health beverage without difficulty (Patent Document 1).

[0003] The unpleasant odor of soy milk is generated by the action of lipoxygenase present in soybeans during the soy milk manufacturing process, and the odor components consist of, for example, carbonyl compounds such as acetaldehyde, acetone, hexanal, and ethyl vinyl ketone, alcohols such as n-hexanol, amines, phenols, and fatty acids. Among these, n-hexanal (1-hexanal) is said to be the main cause of the grassy odor of soy milk. n-Hexanal is also the cause of the abnormal odor of dairy drinks (hereinafter also referred to as "soy milk odor").

[0004] Therefore, various methods have been proposed to mask this soy milk smell, such as improving the flavor by adding palatinose or the like (Patent Document 2) and improving the taste by using perilla extract (Patent Document 3). [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0005] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2013-027347 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-230365 [Patent Document 3] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2005-253348 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0006] However, the proposals disclosed in Patent Documents 2 and 3, etc., involve masking by adding a masking agent (chemical) to soy milk, but the masking effect on the soy milk odor is insufficient or the flavor of the masking agent itself is too strong, so they cannot be said to be sufficient for practical use. In the first place, adding even a small amount of a third ingredient as a masking agent to soy milk, which is a natural food, is something that should be avoided.

[0007] Therefore, for example, there is a strong demand for a technology that can remove components that cause the soy milk odor without using a masking agent such as a chemical, and that can separate odorless soy milk that is free from the soy milk odor and a soy milk concentrate from which the soy milk odor has been removed.

[0008] In view of the above problems, the present invention aims to provide a soy milk separation device and soy milk separation method that can remove components that cause the soy milk odor and separate odorless soy milk that is free of the soy milk odor and soy milk concentrate from which the soy milk odor has been removed, a method for producing odorless soy milk, a method for producing odorless soy milk coagulation, and a method for producing a meat substitute. [Means for solving the problem]

[0009] The soy milk separation device according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises: a supply chamber for supplying soy milk containing an anionic component and a cationic component; a filter chamber for separating anionic components in the soy milk as an anionic component discharge liquid by electrolytic filtration and producing a soy milk concentrate; a filtrate chamber for discharging the cationic component liquid containing the cationic components from which the anionic components have been separated as a filtrate to the outside, The filter chamber is a flat anode electrode having a through hole disposed on the supply chamber side; a cathode filter plate electrode having pores, the cathode filter plate electrode being disposed on the filtrate chamber side and having a diaphragm having pores for separating the anion components; The present invention is characterized by comprising:

[0010] A method for separating soy milk according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a supply chamber for supplying soy milk containing an anionic component and a cationic component; a filter chamber for separating anionic components in the soy milk as an anionic component discharge liquid by electrolytic filtration and producing a soy milk concentrate; a filtrate chamber including a filtrate discharge part for discharging the cation component liquid containing the cation components from which the anion components have been separated as filtrate to the outside; Equipped with The filter chamber is a flat anode electrode having a through hole disposed on the supply chamber side; a cathode filter plate electrode having pores, the cathode filter plate electrode being disposed on the filtrate chamber side and having a diaphragm having pores for separating the anion components; a discharge section for discharging the soy milk concentrate; The soy milk odor components in the soy milk are separated as a cationic component liquid.

[0011] A method for producing odorless soymilk according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a supply chamber for supplying soy milk containing an anionic component and a cationic component; a filter chamber for separating anionic components in the soy milk as an anionic component discharge liquid by electrolytic filtration and producing a soy milk concentrate; a filtrate chamber including a filtrate discharge part for discharging the cation component liquid containing the cation components from which the anion components have been separated as filtrate to the outside; Equipped with The filter chamber is a flat anode electrode having a through hole disposed on the supply chamber side; a cathode filter plate electrode having pores, the cathode filter plate electrode being disposed on the filtrate chamber side and having a diaphragm having pores for separating the anion components; a discharge section for discharging the soy milk concentrate; The soy milk odor components in the soy milk are separated as a cationic component liquid, and water is added to the soy milk concentrate to produce new soy milk without soy milk odor.

[0012] A method for producing odorless soy milk curd according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a supply chamber for supplying soy milk containing an anionic component and a cationic component; a filter chamber for separating anionic components in the soy milk as an anionic component discharge liquid by electrolytic filtration and producing a soy milk concentrate; a filtrate chamber including a filtrate discharge part for discharging the cation component liquid containing the cation components from which the anion components have been separated as filtrate to the outside; Equipped with The filter chamber is a flat anode electrode having a through hole disposed on the supply chamber side; a cathode filter plate electrode having pores, the cathode filter plate electrode being disposed on the filtrate chamber side and having a diaphragm having pores for separating the anion components; a discharge section for discharging the soy milk concentrate; The soy milk concentrate from which the soy milk odor components in the soy milk have been separated as a cationic component liquid is subjected to electro-osmotic dehydration to produce a soy milk coagulated product free from the soy milk odor.

[0013] The method for producing a meat substitute according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises: a supply chamber for supplying soy milk containing an anionic component and a cationic component; a filter chamber for separating anionic components in the soy milk as an anionic component discharge liquid by electrolytic filtration and producing a soy milk concentrate; a filtrate chamber including a filtrate discharge part for discharging the cation component liquid containing the cation components from which the anion components have been separated as filtrate to the outside; Equipped with The filter chamber is a flat anode electrode having a through hole disposed on the supply chamber side; a cathode filter plate electrode having pores, the cathode filter plate electrode being disposed on the filtrate chamber side and having a diaphragm having pores for separating the anion components; a discharge section for discharging the soy milk concentrate; The soy milk odor components in the soy milk are separated as a cationic component liquid, and the water in the soy milk concentrate is electro-osmotically dehydrated to produce a meat substitute that is a soy milk coagulation that does not have a soy milk odor. [Effects of the Invention]

[0014] According to the present invention, soy milk odor components can be efficiently separated from soy milk by electrofiltration without adding chemicals such as masking agents as in the past. Furthermore, the soy milk coagulate from which the soy milk odor components have been separated does not have a soy milk odor and has a good taste. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0015] [Figure 1] 1 is a schematic view of a soy milk separation device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2A] FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a soy milk separation device according to a second embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2B] FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a soy milk separation device according to a third embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2C] FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a soy milk separation device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2D] FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a soy milk separation device according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2E] FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a soy milk separation device according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 3] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a soy milk separation device according to a test example of the present invention. [Figure 4A] FIG. 2 is a schematic view of another soy milk separation device according to the first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 4B] FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a filter plate electrode of another soy milk separation device according to the first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 4C]FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a flat anode electrode of another soy milk separation device according to embodiment 1 of the present invention. [Figure 4D] FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a filter medium of another soy milk separation device according to the first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 5] 1 is a schematic diagram of a poling treatment of a high dielectric constant coating layer according to the present invention; FIG. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0016] The present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. Note that the present disclosure is not limited to the following modes for carrying out the invention (hereinafter referred to as embodiments). Furthermore, the components in the following embodiments include those that can be easily imagined by a person skilled in the art, those that are substantially the same, and those that are within the so-called equivalent range. Furthermore, the components disclosed in the following embodiments can be combined as appropriate. In the embodiments of this specification, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals throughout. Note that this embodiment is merely an example that embodies the configuration of the present invention, and various design changes can be made without departing from the scope of the claims.

[0017] [Embodiment 1] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a soy milk separation device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The separation device 100 for the soy milk 11 according to the first embodiment is an electrolytic filtration device, which separates positively charged substances contained in the soy milk 11 that contribute to the generation of soy milk odor.

[0018] The grassy smell caused by the soy milk smell contains various ionic components as described above. As shown in FIG. 1, soy milk 11 contains dietary fiber, protein, lipids, and carbohydrates as negatively charged substances. On the other hand, sodium ions (Na + ), calcium ions (Ca 2+ ), magnesium ions (Mg 2+ ), iron ions (Fe 2+ , Fe 3+) and other ionic dissociated species.

[0019] Ion dissociation is a general process by which molecules (or ionic compounds such as salts and complexes) separate or split into smaller particles such as atoms, ions, and radicals, usually reversibly. The ionic crystal lattice breaks down when dissolved in water, and dissociation refers to the separation of ions that occurs when a solid ionic compound dissolves. As an example, using the formula unit of sodium chloride (NaCl) contained in tap water, sodium chloride (NaCl) dissociates in water into one sodium ion (Na ion; positive ion) and one chloride ion (Cl ion; negative ion). In other words, salt (sodium chloride) that dissolves in water (HO) dissociates into its ions and is an electrolyte. In the electrolyte solution, sodium chloride (NaCl) is completely dissociated into water and becomes a cation, sodium ion (Na + ) and the anion chloride ion (Cl - ) and exist in an ionic state. In addition to dissociated ionic components, soy milk water also contains positively and negatively charged components.

[0020] As shown in FIG. 1, the soy milk separation apparatus 100 of the first embodiment is provided with a supply chamber 51 for supplying soy milk 11 containing anionic components and cationic components as a supply liquid, a filtration chamber 52 for separating the anionic components in the soy milk 11 by electrofiltration as an anionic component discharge liquid and producing a soy milk concentrate 11B, and a filtrate chamber 53 for discharging a cationic component liquid 16A containing cationic components from which the anionic components have been separated to the outside as a filtrate 11A. The filter chamber 52 is equipped with a flat anode electrode 60 having through holes 60a (hole diameter: 0.5 mm to 2.0 mm) arranged on the supply chamber 51 side, a diaphragm (filter material) 13 having pores 13a (pore diameter: 0.2 mm or less) for separating anion components arranged on the filtrate chamber 53 side, a cathode filter plate electrode 14 having pores 14a (pore diameter: 0.1 μm or more and 5000 μm or less), and a discharge portion 52a for discharging the soy milk concentrate 11B. The filtrate chamber 53 is provided with a filtrate discharge part 53a for discharging the filtrate 11A.

[0021] The cathode filter plate electrode 14 is composed of a cathode first electrode 14A and a cathode second electrode 14B, and further, a diaphragm (filter plate) 13, which is an insulator having pores 13a, is sandwiched between the cathode first electrode 14A and the cathode second electrode 14B. Here, the diaphragm 13 is made of an insulating material, and may be, for example, a nonwoven fabric made of fibers such as PP (polypropylene), PE (polyethylene), NY (nylon), cellulose, or the like.

[0022] The filter chamber 52 contains a first power source 41 electrically connected to the flat anode electrode 60 and the cathode first electrode 14A, and a second power source 42 electrically connected to the cathode first electrode 14A and the cathode second electrode 14B. Here, the electrode configuration is such that the cathode second electrode 14B is at a first potential (V1=10V), the cathode first electrode 14A is at a second potential (V2=20V), and the flat anode electrode 60 is at a third potential (V3=30V), resulting in an absolute potential difference of 20V. The absolute value of the cathode potential supplied from the second power source 42 increases as the distance from the filter chamber 52 increases (V2 (20V)>V1 (10V)).

[0023] The electrode configuration is not limited to the configuration shown in FIG. 1. Alternatively, the cathode first electrode 14A may be earthed, the cathode first electrode 14A may be used as a reference electrode, the potential (V2) of the cathode first electrode 14A may be set to 0 V, the potential (V1) of the cathode second electrode 14B may be set to -10 V, and the potential (V3) of the flat anode electrode 15 may be set to +10 V, and the absolute value of the voltages may be changed while the potential difference between them remains unchanged.

[0024] Here, a cathode electric field Ec is generated between the cathode first electrode 14A and the cathode second electrode 14B. The cathode electric field Ec exerts a repulsive force that inhibits the migration of negatively charged anion components from the filtration chamber 52 to the filtrate chamber 53.

[0025] The cathode electric field Ec generated between the cathode first electrode 14A and the cathode second electrode 14B is a positive ion (Na + ) and positively charged water molecules and positively charged particles from the filter chamber 52 to the filtrate chamber 53. + ), positively charged water molecules and positively charged particles are drawn toward the filter chamber 53, generating an electroosmotic flow (see arrows F1 and F2 in FIG. 1). As a result, the water in the filter chamber 52 moves faster than when it moves to the filter chamber 53 simply under the filtration pressure of a pump or the like. Therefore, the amount of water moving from the filter chamber 52 to the filtrate chamber 53 per unit time increases.

[0026] The cation liquid 16A that has moved into the filter chamber 53 is discharged from the filtrate discharge portion 53a of the filter chamber 53 to the outside as the filtrate 11A due to the filtration pressure. In addition, the anion component discharge liquid 11B from which the cations have been separated in the filter chamber 52 is concentrated inside the filter chamber 52 due to the separation of the filtrate 11A, and is discharged to the outside from the discharge part 52a of the filter chamber 52 as soy milk concentrate 11B due to the filtration pressure.

[0027] Here, the filtration pressure by the supply pump (not shown) is preferably set so that the pressure (gauge pressure) in the supply chamber 12, which is an enclosed space, is slightly higher than atmospheric pressure, for example, 0.005 MPa or more and 0.5 MPa or less, preferably 0.02 MPa or more and 0.1 MPa or less.

[0028] Here, the cathode filter plate electrodes 14 (cathode first electrode 14A, cathode second electrode 14B) are provided with a plurality of holes 14a penetrating in the left-right direction in the figure. Water in the feed liquid (soy milk) 11 moves through the pores 14a of the electrodes 14. The diameter of the holes 14a in the cathode first electrode 14A and the cathode second electrode 14B is, for example, 0.1 μm or more and 5000 μm or less, and more preferably 100 μm or more and 1000 μm or less. Note that the diameters of the holes 14a in the cathode first electrode 14A and the cathode second electrode 14B do not have to be the same.

[0029] Additionally, a galvanic corrosion prevention layer (not shown) is provided on the surfaces of the cathode filter plate electrode 14 (cathode first electrode 14A, cathode second electrode 14B) and the flat plate anode electrode 60. Examples of the galvanic corrosion prevention layer include an insulating coating layer and a conductive precious metal layer. Examples of materials for the galvanic corrosion prevention layer include, but are not limited to, titanium, aluminum, magnesium, and tantalum. Examples of materials for the conductive precious metal layer include, but are not limited to, platinum, gold, and palladium. In the case of an insulating coating layer, the thickness of the galvanic corrosion prevention layer is preferably, for example, about 5 μm to 30 μm, more preferably about 5 μm to 10 μm. Furthermore, the thickness of the conductive precious metal layer, such as platinum, gold, or palladium, is preferably, for example, about 0.5 μm to 10 μm, more preferably about 1 μm to 5 μm. This galvanic corrosion prevention layer suppresses corrosion of the surfaces of the cathode filter plate electrode 14 and the flat plate anode electrode 60. Furthermore, the cathode filter plate electrode 14 and the flat plate anode electrode 60 have an insulating coating layer and therefore do not come into contact with the liquid that constitutes the feed liquid 11. As a result, even if a potential is applied to the cathode filter plate electrode 14 and the flat plate anode electrode 60, electrolysis is unlikely to occur between the liquid and the surfaces of the cathode filter plate electrode 14 and the flat plate anode electrode 60.

[0030] The cathode first electrode 14A faces the flat anode electrode 60 across the filter chamber 52. The distance D1 between the cathode first electrode 14A and the flat anode electrode 60 is, for example, 0.1 mm or more and 100 mm or less, and more preferably 0.1 mm or more and 40 mm or less.

[0031] The distance D2 between the first cathode electrode 14A and the second cathode electrode 14B is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 0.1 mm to 20 mm, more preferably 0.1 mm to 2 mm. Note that the smaller the distance D2 between the first cathode electrode 14A and the second cathode electrode 14B, the stronger the strength of the cathode electric field Ec generated between the first cathode electrode 14A and the second cathode electrode 14B.

[0032] Diaphragm 13 can be made of, for example, cellulose such as filter paper (membrane) or nanofiber, but the present invention is not limited to this. Taking filter paper as an example, the pore size is approximately 1 micron (a pore diameter 1000 times larger than 1 nanometer). Since water molecules are sub-nanometers in size, water can easily pass through diaphragm 13. As a result, the pump that pumps supply liquid 11 into supply chamber 12 allows water to freely pass through diaphragm 13.

[0033] On the other hand, negative ions (Cl) are introduced into the cathode first electrode 14A on the cathode side. - ) approaching, the negative electrode and the negative ions repel each other due to the Coulomb repulsion, and therefore the negative ions cannot pass through the cathode first electrode 14A. Conversely, when positive ions (Na + ) approaches, the positive electrode and the positive ions repel each other due to Coulomb's repulsive force.

[0034] As mentioned above, filter paper can be used as the diaphragm 13, but it is more preferable to use a diaphragm having a dielectric effect. The diaphragm having a dielectric effect is made of an insulating material, and for example, a nonwoven fabric using fibers such as PP (polypropylene), PE (polyethylene), NY (nylon), or cellulose may be used. In this way, by placing the diaphragm 13 having a dielectric effect between the first cathode electrode 14A and the second cathode electrode 14B, the strength of the cathode electric field Ec acting between the first cathode electrode 14A and the second cathode electrode 14B increases. The diameter of the diaphragm 13 and the pores 13a is preferably, for example, 0.2 mm or less.

[0035] In the present invention, in the filter chamber 52, the cathode filter plate electrode 14A blocks anion components and discharges them to the outside from the discharge portion 52a, while the cation components (Na + The feature of this method is that water also passes through the diaphragm 13 that constitutes the cathode filter plate electrode 14, along with the permeation of cation components ((Na +), and also acts as carrier water for positively charged components.

[0036] As a result, soy milk 11 is introduced into the filter chamber 52 of the soy milk separator, which is an electrolytic filtration device, and an electric field is applied under predetermined conditions to separate filtrate 11A from the filter chamber 52 into a filtrate chamber 53, leaving soy milk concentrate 11B in the filter chamber 52. This is because, as the cations have been removed, the inside of the filter chamber 52 becomes acidic, and proteins and the like coagulate without the need for a coagulant. In addition, the electric field action of the electric field filter causes electro-osmotic deliquoring to concentrate the tofu, resulting in tofu cakes with little of a grassy smell. As a result, the components to be removed (off-flavor: grassy odor) contained in the soy milk, which is a suspension, were entrained in the filtrate 11A and were separated and removed.

[0037] As explained above, the actions and effects within the filter chamber 52 of the separation device of this embodiment can be considered as follows. The water in the soy milk 11 behaves positively, and the water in the cake, which is the soy milk concentrate 11B in the filter chamber 52, is drawn to the filtrate 11A side (electroosmotic dehydration). Furthermore, negative particles are attracted to the positive electrode due to Coulomb repulsion. Furthermore, the water behaves as if it were a positive particle (electrophoresis). The harmony of these three forces enables the separation of the soy milk odor.

[0038] Furthermore, after the coagulation has occurred in the filter chamber 52, when this coagulation is scraped out, the soy milk concentration (TS) is 25.4 wt %, which is about the same concentration as that obtained by mechanical dehydration.

[0039] In this embodiment, electrodes having high dielectric constant coating layers 14b, 60b such as PVDF formed thereon can be used for the cathode filter plate electrode 14 (first electrode 14A, second electrode 14B) and the flat (perforated) anode electrode 60, as shown in FIGS. 4A, 4B, and 4C. PVDF is an abbreviation for polyvinylidene difluoride, a type of fluororesin. Because PVDF is an insulating layer with a high dielectric constant, a "static field model" that exhibits the behavior of a capacitance (capacitor) can be constructed between these electrodes.

[0040] By using the electrodes of the "electrostatic field model" as in this embodiment, the current flowing between the electrodes (between the second electrode 14B and the first electrode 14A, and between the first electrode 14A and the flat anode electrode 15) becomes almost zero. As a result, no electrolysis occurs, and electrolytic corrosion of the electrodes is suppressed. In addition, there is no change in the pH of the solution, and no Joule heat is generated. As a result, there is no change in the substance to be separated or the liquid quality due to pH shift or thermal denaturation. Therefore, there is no pH shift in the soy milk components. In addition, Joule heat is not generated, so there is no thermal denaturation and protein coagulation does not occur. As a result, the texture is good.

[0041] Examples of other materials with a high relative dielectric constant that have insulating and dielectric properties similar to those of the above-mentioned PVDF include the following. 1) P(VDF-TrFE): Poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene) 2) P(VDF-CTFE): Poly(vinylidene fluoride-chlorotrifluoroethylene) 3) Polyamide 11 (Nylon (registered trademark) 11) 4) PTFE: Polytrifluoroethylene 5) Liquid crystalline ferroelectric polymers 6) MXene / PVDF composite Here, MXene is a general term for composite atomic layer compounds made of early transition metals (such as titanium and vanadium) and light elements (carbon or nitrogen), and has a sheet-like structure similar to graphene.

[0042] Examples of methods for forming the high-dielectric-constant coating layers 14b and 60b include the following. 1) A coating layer of a predetermined thickness is formed on the surface of the electrode using PVDF by electrostatic spraying or powder sintering. 2) A coating layer of a predetermined thickness is formed on the surface of the electrode by screen printing or inkjet printing with PVDF ink. 3) A PVDF film (for example, 7-200 μm) is vacuum laminated and solution cast to form a coating layer of a predetermined thickness on the surface of the electrode. 4) A PVDF solution is prepared, and a coating layer of a predetermined thickness is formed on the surface of the electrode by dipping.

[0043] After forming the coating layer, the high-dielectric-constant coating layer is subjected to a poling treatment (dipole alignment treatment). This poling treatment involves applying an external electric field, such as corona discharge, to the coating layer, aligning the molecular orientation and the random orientation of electric dipoles in a direction perpendicular to the electrode plane, as shown in Figure 5. By performing the poling treatment, high dielectric polarization can be generated in the high-dielectric-constant coating layer when a voltage is applied.

[0044] The electrode in which a platinum coating layer (corrosion-resistant layer) is formed on the surface of the aforementioned titanium electrode is a "conductive electric field model." When using this "conductive electric field model" electrode, the electrolyte (cation, H + , anion, OH - ) through which an electric current flows between the electrodes.

[0045] If the "conductive electric field model" electrodes are used, electrolysis occurs, generating hydrogen and oxygen at both electrodes. Electrolytic corrosion of the electrodes occurs, so as a countermeasure, it is necessary to coat the electrode surface with, for example, platinum, as mentioned above. Furthermore, the pH of the solution changes, generating Joule heat.

[0046] In addition, the force acting on particles (electric field strength) and the particle movement speed (electrophoretic speed) are almost the same in the ``conductive electric field model'' composed of an electrode with a platinum coating on the surface of, for example, a titanium electrode, and the ``electrostatic electric field model'' composed of an electrode with a thin film coating layer with a high dielectric constant such as PVDF (for example, layer thickness of 1 μm to 100 μm) applied to the surface of a conductive electrode such as stainless steel, copper, or carbon.

[0047] Here, the electrostatic field model is configured with an electrode 14 consisting of a first electrode 14A and a second electrode 14B equipped with a filter medium, and a flat anode electrode 60 as well.

[0048] A method for treating the surface of the diaphragm (filter material) 13 will be described.

[0049] In this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 4A and 4D, a surface treatment layer 13b (direct fluorination treatment) using fluorine gas may be formed on the diaphragm (filter material) 13.

[0050] Here, the surface treatment using fluorine gas utilizes the extremely high reactivity of fluorine gas to improve the surface characteristics of the filter medium 13. In other words, fluorine gas is brought into contact with the filter medium 13, which is the base material, to chemically modify the surface of the base material.

[0051] By applying this fluorine treatment to the surface of the material of the filter medium 13, it is possible to give the material electrical surface properties similar to those of PVDF (Polyvinylidene DiFluoride) or PTFE (Polytetrafluoroethylene), etc. As a result, the material exhibits a dipole orientation effect when electricity is applied.

[0052] [Embodiment 2] FIG. 2A is a schematic view of a soy milk separation device according to a second embodiment of the present invention. 2A, the separation device 100A for soy milk 11 of the second embodiment further includes a supply tank 61 for supplying the soy milk 11 as a supply liquid, a supply line L1 for supplying the soy milk 11 from the supply tank 61 to the supply section 51a of the supply chamber 51, a first discharge line L2 for discharging the filtrate 11A from the filtrate discharge section 53a of the filtrate chamber 53 to an external filtrate tank 62, and a second discharge line L3 for discharging the soy milk concentrate 11B from the discharge section 52a of the filtration chamber 52 to the outside. In FIG. 2A, the symbol 61a denotes a stirrer, P-1 and P-2 denote liquid feed pumps, V1 to V3 denote gas vent valves, and V 11 From V 13 indicates the on-off valves.

[0053] As shown in FIG. 2A, in the filtering chamber 52 to which the soy milk 11 is supplied from the supply tank 61, ion separation into anion components and cation components is carried out by the action of an electric field. That is, soy milk 11 is introduced into the filter chamber 52 of the electrolytic filtration device, and an electric field is applied under predetermined conditions to separate filtrate 11A containing cationic components from within the filter chamber 52 into the filtrate chamber 53, thereby separating soy milk concentrate 11B containing anionic components into the filter chamber 52, and this separated soy milk concentrate 11B is introduced into the soy milk concentrate tank 63. As a result, the components to be removed (off-flavors: grassy odor) contained in the soy milk 11, which is a suspension, can be separated and removed by being entrained in the filtrate 11A. Furthermore, the soy milk concentrate 11B introduced into the soy milk concentrate tank 63 has the target components for removal (unpleasant flavor: grassy smell) separated and removed, so it has less of a grassy smell.

[0054] [Embodiment 3] FIG. 2B is a schematic diagram of a soy milk separation device according to a third embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Fig. 2B, in the separation device 100B for soy milk 11 of the third embodiment, in the separation device 100A of the second embodiment shown in Fig. 2, a second discharge line L3 for discharging the soy milk concentrate 11B from the discharge part 52a of the filtration chamber 52 is connected to the supply tank 61, and the discharged soy milk concentrate 11B is returned to the soy milk 11 on the supply tank 61 side. In this way, the soy milk concentrate 11B is circulated and concentrated.

[0055] [Embodiment 4] FIG. 2C is a schematic diagram of a soy milk separation device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 2C, a separation apparatus 100C for soymilk 11 according to the fourth embodiment is provided with a hydration line L4 for adding water W into the supply tank 61 in the separation apparatus 100B according to the third embodiment shown in FIG. This makes it possible to replenish the water content that was separated and removed as the filtrate 11A. Therefore, by returning the water content to the same level as the soy milk 11 initially supplied, new soy milk can be produced from which odorous components have been removed. In other words, "soy milk free of the grassy odor (odorless soy milk or new soy milk)" can be produced as a beverage product.

[0056] The soy milk smell is separated as a filtrate from drinkable soy milk and then simply coagulated, so the water content can be predicted. In the present invention, no chemicals are added to mask the soy milk odor, no cleaning is required, and the moisture content can be controlled numerically.Furthermore, no chemical additives or other additives are required at all, and off-flavor components can be separated simply by applying voltage.

[0057] Soy milk 11, which is a suspension (liquid containing aggregates), is introduced into filter chamber 51 of the electrolytic filtration device, and when a predetermined voltage is applied to flat anode electrode 60 and cathode filter plate electrode 14 arranged in filter chamber 51, clear filtrate 11A is discharged into filtrate chamber 53. At this time, water-soluble grassy odor substances (metal ions: for example, iron, magnesium, etc., and chelates thereof) migrate to the filtrate 11A side and are discharged, so the grassy soy milk odor is removed from soy milk concentrate 11B concentrated in filter chamber 52.

[0058] The removal of odorous components in the present invention is not limited to soy milk, but can also be applied to the separation and removal of odorous components from solutes containing water-soluble off-flavoring components, such as green juice and kale.

[0059] Furthermore, it is also possible to provide a novel product from which the odorous components have been removed by grinding strong-smelling foods such as coriander and celery, adding water to transfer the odorous components to the aqueous solution, and then subjecting the aqueous solution to an electric field treatment in an electrolytic filtration device to separate the filtrate and concentrate.

[0060] The bitter taste of food is believed to be mainly caused by components such as oxalic acid and homogentisic acid. Oxalic acid is a water-soluble inorganic substance found in many plants, and vegetables with a bitter taste often contain calcium oxalate crystals. Homogentisic acid, which is formed by the oxidation of the amino acid tyrosine, is also believed to be the cause of bitterness.

[0061] Humans react sensitively to bitter components, being 1000 times more sensitive to bitter components than sweet components. Therefore, even if the bitter components are present in trace amounts, the bitterness can be removed by transferring them to the filtrate 11A side.

[0062] Examples of bitter (astringent) substances include the following: Examples include alkaloids such as caffeine, theobromine, nicotine, and catechin, terpenoid humulones, limonin, and cucurbitacin, the flavanone glycoside naringin, bitter amino acids, bitter peptides, calcium and magnesium salts of bile acids and inorganic salts, chlorogenic acid in coffee, and isohumulones in beer.

[0063] Furthermore, humans are sensitive to bitter (astringent) substances, so even if they are water-insoluble, the bitter components can be separated by being entrained in water and separated.

[0064] If the bitter component is water-soluble, it can be separated into the filtrate 11A, so it is sufficient to check in advance whether separation is possible.

[0065] Furthermore, even if the filtrate 11A contains bitter components or the like, it may still be useful, and therefore the separated filtrate 11A can be expected to find a use instead of simply being discarded.

[0066] [Embodiment 5] FIG. 2D is a schematic diagram of a soy milk separation device according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 2D, the separation device 100D for soy milk 11 of the fifth embodiment is the separation device 100B of the third embodiment shown in FIG. 3, in which the water content in the soy milk concentrate 11B is removed by electroosmotic dehydration in the filtration chamber 52 to obtain a soy milk coagulate 11C.

[0067] [Embodiment 6] FIG. 2E is a schematic diagram of a soy milk separation device according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 2E, the separation device 100E for soy milk 11 of the sixth embodiment uses the soy milk curd 11C obtained in the separation device 100D of the fifth embodiment shown in FIG. 2D as a raw material for a meat substitute 11D.

[0068] Soy meat, a conventional meat substitute, has a distinctive smell derived from vegetable protein, so this flavor has been suppressed by adding chemicals such as flavoring ingredients. In contrast, the soy milk curd 11C used as the raw material for the meat substitute in this embodiment retains all of its constituent components other than the water-soluble components separated as the filtrate 11A, so it can be expected to have significant application benefits as a meat substitute.

[0069] Next, the results of a test to remove the soy milk odor from soy milk using an electrolytic filtration device are shown in Table 1. 3 is a schematic diagram of a soy milk separation device 100 used in a test example according to the present invention. The basic configuration of the soy milk separation device 100 is the same as that of the first embodiment, but is simplified. In Fig. 3, (I) shows soy milk 11 being introduced into the apparatus 100 from a beaker serving as a supply tank 61. (II) is a schematic diagram of an apparatus equipped with a supply chamber 51, a filtration chamber 52, and a filtrate chamber 53, in which a voltage is applied to a flat anode electrode 60 and a first cathode electrode 14A from a power source (not shown), thereby separating the soy milk into filtrate 11A and concentrated soy milk 11B. (III) shows the separated filtrate 11A being introduced into a beaker serving as a filtrate tank 62, and the separated concentrated soy milk 11B being introduced into a beaker serving as a soy milk concentrate tank 63. (IV) shows the separation of a coagulated cake 11C that has been separately coagulated in the filtration chamber 52.

[0070] The soy milk 11 used in the test was "unadjusted soy milk," and according to its ingredient label, the soy milk ingredients were 8 wt% or more solids, 4.2 wt% protein, 3.3 wt% fat, and 1.6 wt% carbohydrates. In the test, soy milk 11 is introduced from supply chamber 51 into filtration chamber 52 and separated into filtrate 11A and concentrated soy milk 11B in electrolytic filtration device 100.

[0071] The separation results are shown in Table 1.

[0072] [Table 1]

[0073] As shown in Table 1, the soy milk 11 that was supplied as the raw liquid had a pH of 6.7, an electrical conductivity (EC) of 3750 μs / cm, and a total dry matter (TS) of 9.1 wt %. When the soy milk 11 is electrolytically separated by the action of the electric field, it is introduced from the filter chamber 52 into the filtrate chamber 53 as a cationic component liquid 16A, and then discharged from the filter chamber 53 to the outside as a liquid 11A.

[0074] The flow rate of the filtrate 11A was 6 ml / min. The pH of the filtrate 11A was 12.3 (strongly alkaline), the electrical conductivity (EC) was 4640 μs / cm, and the total dry matter (TS) was 0.4 wt%. The separation efficiency was 95.2%.

[0075] Filtrate 11A was clear, but this clear filtrate was smelly and undrinkable.

[0076] The soy milk concentrate 11B from which the filtrate 11A has been removed is discharged from the filter chamber 52 to the outside. The flow rate of the soy milk concentrate 11B discharged to the outside was 4 ml / min. The pH of soy milk concentrate 11B was 5.6 (weakly acidic), the electrical conductivity (EC) was 1380 μs / cm, and the total dry matter (TS) was 2.5 wt%. This concentrate 11B had a pleasant aroma and a sweet flavor.

[0077] Filtrate 11A is separated from the supplied soy milk 11, so when the supplied amount of soy milk is 1000 ml, the filtrate 11A is 500 ml, and the soy milk concentrate 11B is twice as concentrated.

[0078] In addition, in the filter chamber 52 where the filtrate 11A was separated as a cationic component into the filtrate chamber 53, the pH tended to be weakly acidic (pH = 5.6), so the milk protein (casein) of the soy milk 11 became entangled, forming solid aggregates or coagulations (curds), which became deposits (coagulations) in the filter chamber 52, with a total dry matter (TS) of 25.4 wt%. This coagulation had a pleasant aroma and a sweet smell. The taste was mild, similar to that of cheese.

[0079] As described above, according to the present invention, by treating soy milk having a soy milk smell with an electrolytic filtration device, grassy odor components are transferred to the filtrate 11A side, and as a result, in a sensory test, no grassy odor was detected in the soy milk concentrate 11B or the soy milk-derived coagulated cake 11C side remaining in the filtration chamber 52. In addition, in the sensory test, no grassy smell was detected, and the coagulated cake 11C tasted like cheese (the so-called "soy milk cheesecake").

[0080] As described above, according to the present invention, the so-called soy milk odor can be eliminated by electrofiltration without masking it as in the prior art.

[0081] Furthermore, since the inside of the filter chamber 52 is on the acidic side (pH=5.6), aggregation and coagulation were possible without adding any additional chemicals such as acid or coagulant.

[0082] This is because soy milk 11 contains 4.2% protein, and while other ingredients do not coagulate, protein does.

[0083] That is, conventional methods for coagulating proteins have been heat coagulation and acid coagulation. In contrast to this, in the present invention, the filtrate 11A in the filtrate chamber 53, from which the cationic component liquid 16A was separated from the filter chamber 52, changed to alkaline (pH = 12.3), and the inside of the filter chamber 52 became acidic (pH 6.7 → pH 5.6), and this movement of ionic components caused the coagulation of the proteins in the soy milk components in the filter chamber 52.

[0084] Therefore, the electroosmotic dehydration function, in which protein coagulation occurs, was confirmed without the need for external addition of chemicals such as acid or heat treatment. In the present invention, the soy milk raw liquid is subjected to electric field separation using the electric field filtration device 100 without adding anything, and the cationic component 16A is discharged as the filtrate 11A, which not only removes the soy milk odor but also causes a modification of the soy milk (protein coagulation). [Industrial Applicability]

[0085] The present invention can be generally used in soy milk separation devices and soy milk separation methods for separating soy milk odors. [Explanation of symbols]

[0086] 100, 100A-100E Soy milk separator (electrolytic filtration device) 11 Soy milk (soy milk concentrate) 11A Filtrate 11B Soy milk concentrate 11C Soy milk curd 11D Meat substitutes 13 Diaphragm (filter material) 16A Cation component liquid 14 Cathode filter plate electrode 51 Supply room 52 Chamber 53 Filtrate chamber 60 Flat anode electrode

Claims

1. a supply chamber for supplying soy milk containing an anionic component and a cationic component; a filter chamber for separating anionic components in the soy milk as an anionic component discharge liquid by electrolytic filtration and producing a soy milk concentrate; a filtrate chamber for discharging the cationic component liquid containing the cationic components from which the anionic components have been separated as a filtrate to the outside, The filter chamber is a flat anode electrode having a through hole disposed on the supply chamber side; a cathode filter plate electrode having pores, the cathode filter plate electrode being disposed on the filtrate chamber side and having a diaphragm having pores for separating the anion components; A soy milk separation device comprising:

2. a soy milk supply tank for supplying the soy milk; a supply line that supplies the soy milk from the supply tank to the supply chamber; a first discharge line for discharging the filtrate from the filtrate discharge portion of the filtrate chamber to the outside; a second discharge line for discharging the soy milk concentrate from the discharge portion of the filter chamber to the outside; 2. The soy milk separation device according to claim 1, further comprising:

3. 3. The soy milk separation device according to claim 2, wherein the second discharge line for discharging the soy milk concentrate from the discharge portion of the filter chamber is connected to the supply tank, and the discharged soy milk concentrate is returned to the soy milk supply tank side.

4. 4. The soy milk separating apparatus according to claim 3, further comprising a water addition line for adding water to the supply tank to which the soy milk concentrate is returned.

5. 2. The soy milk separator according to claim 1, wherein the water content of the soy milk concentrate is removed in the filtration chamber to obtain a soy milk coagulate.

6. 6. The soy milk separator according to claim 5, wherein the soy milk curd is used as a raw material for a meat substitute.

7. 2. The soy milk separator according to claim 1, wherein a surface treatment layer using fluorine gas is formed on the surface of the diaphragm.

8. 2. The soy milk separation device according to claim 1, wherein a coating layer having a high dielectric constant is formed on the surface of each of said cathode filter plate electrode and said flat plate anode electrode.

9. 9. The soy milk separator according to claim 8, wherein the high dielectric constant coating layer is subjected to a poling treatment.

10. a supply chamber for supplying soy milk containing an anionic component and a cationic component; a filter chamber for separating anionic components in the soy milk as an anionic component discharge liquid by electrolytic filtration and producing a soy milk concentrate; a filtrate chamber including a filtrate discharge part for discharging the cation component liquid containing the cation components from which the anion components have been separated as filtrate to the outside; Equipped with The filter chamber is a flat anode electrode having a through hole disposed on the supply chamber side; a cathode filter plate electrode having pores, the cathode filter plate electrode being disposed on the filtrate chamber side and having a diaphragm having pores for separating the anion components; a discharge section for discharging the soy milk concentrate; A method for separating soy milk, comprising separating the soy milk odor components in the soy milk as a cationic component liquid and removing the soy milk odor components.

11. a supply chamber for supplying soy milk containing an anionic component and a cationic component; a filter chamber for separating anionic components in the soy milk as an anionic component discharge liquid by electrolytic filtration and producing a soy milk concentrate; a filtrate chamber including a filtrate discharge part for discharging the cation component liquid containing the cation components from which the anion components have been separated as filtrate to the outside; Equipped with The filter chamber is a flat anode electrode having a through hole disposed on the supply chamber side; a cathode filter plate electrode having pores, the cathode filter plate electrode being disposed on the filtrate chamber side and having a diaphragm having pores for separating the anion components; a discharge section for discharging the soy milk concentrate; The method for producing odorless soy milk is characterized in that water is added to the soy milk concentrate obtained by separating the soy milk odor components in the soy milk as a cationic component liquid, thereby producing new soy milk free from the soy milk odor.

12. a supply chamber for supplying soy milk containing an anionic component and a cationic component; a filter chamber for separating anionic components in the soy milk as an anionic component discharge liquid by electrolytic filtration and producing a soy milk concentrate; a filtrate chamber including a filtrate discharge part for discharging the cation component liquid containing the cation components from which the anion components have been separated as filtrate to the outside; Equipped with The filter chamber is a flat anode electrode having a through hole disposed on the supply chamber side; a cathode filter plate electrode having pores, the cathode filter plate electrode being disposed on the filtrate chamber side and having a diaphragm having pores for separating the anion components; a discharge section for discharging the soy milk concentrate; The method for producing odorless soy milk coagulation is characterized in that the water in the soy milk concentrate obtained by separating the soy milk odor components in the soy milk as a cationic component liquid is electro-osmotically dehydrated to produce a soy milk coagulation free from the soy milk odor.

13. a supply chamber for supplying soy milk containing an anionic component and a cationic component; a filter chamber for separating anionic components in the soy milk as an anionic component discharge liquid by electrolytic filtration and producing a soy milk concentrate; a filtrate chamber including a filtrate discharge part for discharging the cation component liquid containing the cation components from which the anion components have been separated as filtrate to the outside; Equipped with The filter chamber is a flat anode electrode having a through hole disposed on the supply chamber side; a cathode filter plate electrode having pores, the cathode filter plate electrode being disposed on the filtrate chamber side and having a diaphragm having pores for separating the anion components; a discharge section for discharging the soy milk concentrate; The method for producing a meat substitute is characterized in that the water in the soy milk concentrate obtained by separating the soy milk odor components from the soy milk as a cationic component liquid is electro-osmotically dehydrated to produce a meat substitute that is a soy milk coagulation that does not have a soy milk odor.

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