An environmentally friendly liquid snow removal agent that reduces damage to concrete

Abstract

The present invention relates to an environmentally friendly liquid snow removal agent that suppresses damage to concrete, and according to the present invention, by providing an environmentally friendly liquid snow removal agent that includes a chloride-based substance, a penetrating waterproofing agent, and a dispersant, it is possible to improve the compressive strength of concrete, improve resistance to freezing and thawing by blocking the penetration of moisture, and improve the life of concrete. In addition, since it is sprayed in liquid form, it is easy to remove snow, has excellent initial ice melting performance, and can be usefully used for snow removal applications on bridges, ramps, and highways that require rapid initial ice melting performance and where damage to asphalt roads can cause fatal damage.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to an environmentally friendly liquid snow-removal agent that suppresses damage to concrete, and more specifically, to an environmentally friendly liquid snow-removal agent that suppresses water permeability while maintaining the compressive strength of concrete by adding a penetrating waterproofing agent and a dispersing agent to a chloride-based liquid snow-removal agent, thereby improving the freeze-thaw resistance of concrete. [Background technology]

[0002] Recently, heavy snowfall has become more frequent not only in Korea but all over the world due to abnormal weather, which has led to an increase in the use of snow removal agents. The types of snow removal agents used vary slightly from country to country, but Korea mainly uses general chloride-based snow removal agents.

[0003] Chloride-based snow removal agents contain calcium chloride (CaCl2) and sodium chloride (NaCl) as their main ingredients. They melt ice through rapid dissolution reactions and exothermic reactions due to their deliquescence, and this melting action is maintained by the freezing point depression caused by ions. Chloride-based snow removal agents have the advantages of excellent ice-melting performance and low price, and account for approximately 90% of the snow removal agent market.

[0004] However, chloride-based snow-removal agents all contain large amounts of chloride ions (Cl-), which corrode the steel underneath vehicles and bridges, turn plants yellow, and deteriorate concrete. In particular, the snow-removal agent solution dissolves in the snow and seeps into the voids in the concrete, causing repeated freezing and thawing, accelerating damage to the concrete.

[0005] Damage to concrete is directly linked to many public goods and causes great social damage. The cost of road maintenance and repair due to concrete damage reaches about 2,000 dollars per ton, which is 10 times the price of the snow removal agent. Therefore, there is a growing market demand for snow removal agents that can prevent concrete damage and improve the lifespan of concrete.

[0006] As a result, the development and use of environmentally friendly snow removal agents that prevent damage to steel and concrete and reduce the impact on plants is encouraged, but environmentally friendly snow removal agents generally have the disadvantage of being more expensive and having lower performance than conventional chloride-based snow removal agents. In particular, non-chloride-based snow removal agents, which are environmentally friendly, require acetate-based materials, making them very expensive, and their ice-melting performance is extremely low, about half that of chloride-based snow removal agents.

[0007] Therefore, research is needed into an environmentally friendly snow removal agent that is cost competitive, prevents damage to concrete, and has excellent ice-melting performance.

[0008] The most commonly used eco-friendly snow removal agent is a solid-phase snow removal agent that is a mixture of a solid-phase chloride-based snow removal agent and a corrosion inhibitor. Although eco-friendly solid-phase snow removal agents have the effect of preventing corrosion of iron due to the corrosion inhibitor, they have the disadvantage that their usability decreases due to solidification when stored for a long time, and they have the disadvantage that they can only achieve normal ice melting performance if they are sprayed in advance on areas that require immediate snow removal, such as slopes and bridges. In addition, they have the limitation that it is difficult to solve the problem of concrete deterioration caused by the solution generated after snow removal penetrating into the pores of concrete.

[0009] For example, Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2141869 describes a solid-phase snow removal agent composition that has strong durability by capturing sodium chloride and calcium chloride in a carrier. The document provides a relatively environmentally friendly snow removal agent composition by increasing the durability of the snow removal agent and reducing the amount of snow removal agent used, but has fatal defects in that it is difficult to immediately respond to heavy snow compared to liquid snow removal agents and cannot prevent corrosion of road facilities such as concrete and steel structures.

[0010] Meanwhile, environmentally friendly liquid snow removal agents are made by dissolving chlorides and corrosion inhibitors in water, and have a high specific heat, making them suitable for immediate use in places where snow removal is required. In addition, they can be stored in dedicated tanks, so no separate snow removal warehouse is required, and they are easy to manage as they are hardly affected by temperature or humidity. Another advantage is that they do not solidify, making them easy to store for long periods of time, and the use of liquid snow removal agents is on the rise around the world.

[0011] In this regard, Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2004-0065667 describes an environmentally friendly, low-corrosive liquid deicing agent composition that does not use chloride-based substances. Since it does not use chloride-based substances, acetate-based substances are used as deicing agents, but acetate-based substances are expensive compared to chloride-based substances and have significantly poorer deicing performance, making it difficult to commercialize.

[0012] In addition, environmentally friendly liquid deicing agents containing dissolved corrosion inhibitors can also prevent corrosion of iron, but they have the limitation that they cannot solve the problem of snow and deicing agent solution penetrating into voids in concrete and causing concrete deterioration.

[0013] This has created a demand for the development of environmentally friendly liquid snow-removal agents that are low-cost, have excellent ice-melting performance, and can effectively prevent deterioration of concrete. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0014] An object of the present invention is to provide an environmentally friendly liquid snow removing agent which inhibits damage to concrete.

[0015] Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing the environmentally friendly liquid snow removal agent. [Means for solving the problem]

[0016] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an environmentally friendly liquid snow removal agent that contains a chloride-based substance, a penetrating waterproofing agent, and a dispersant and that inhibits concrete damage.

[0017] In the present invention, the chloride-based substance may be one or more selected from calcium chloride (CaCl2), sodium chloride (NaCl), potassium chloride (KCl), and magnesium chloride (MgCl2).

[0018] In the present invention, the penetrating waterproofing agent may be one or more selected from silanes, silicates, siliconates, and siloxanes.

[0019] In the present invention, the dispersant may include a protective colloid and one or more surfactants of the oil-in-water type (O / W) and the water-in-oil type (W / O).

[0020] In the present invention, the weight ratio of the protective colloid to the surfactant may be 1:1 to 1:10.

[0021] In the present invention, the protective colloid may be selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl alcohol, gum arabic, hydroxyethyl cellulose, and carboxymethyl cellulose.

[0022] In the present invention, the content of the protective colloid may be 0.0001 to 5% by weight based on the total weight of the composition.

[0023] In the present invention, the content of the surfactant may be 0.001 to 10% by weight based on the total weight of the composition.

[0024] In the present invention, the weight ratio of the oil-in-water and water-in-oil surfactants may be 10:1 to 1:10.

[0025] In the present invention, the snow removal agent may further include one or more corrosion inhibitors selected from gluconates, orthophosphates, polyphosphates, and silicates.

[0026] In the present invention, the snow removal agent may further include one or more additives selected from methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, and polycarbonate.

[0027] In the present invention, the DLS diameter of the snow removing agent may be 1000 to 3000 nm. Effect of the Invention

[0028] The eco-friendly liquid snow removal agent suppressing concrete damage according to the present invention contains a chloride-based material penetrating waterproofing agent and a dispersant, and when the snow removal agent is spread on a road, it forms a coating film that can block moisture from penetrating into the concrete while maintaining the physical properties such as the compressive strength of the concrete itself, thereby effectively preventing deterioration of the concrete due to freezing and thawing. Therefore, the eco-friendly liquid snow removal agent of the present invention can be usefully used for snow removal applications such as bridges, ramps, and highways, which require fast initial ice melting performance and where damage to asphalt roads can cause fatal damage. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0029] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one skilled in the art to which this invention belongs. Generally, the nomenclature used herein is one that is well known and commonly used in the art.

[0030] The present invention relates to an environmentally friendly liquid snow removing agent that suppresses damage to concrete.

[0031] Snow removal agents are classified into chloride-based and non-chloride-based types based on their constituent substances, and into solid and liquid types based on their form.

[0032] Chloride-based snow removal agents use chloride-based substances that contain chloride ions, such as calcium chloride and sodium chloride. Chloride-based snow removal agents have deliquescent properties, causing a fast dissolution reaction and melting snow using the heat generated through the dissolution reaction. In addition, as the snow removal agent melts the snow, the ions that are ionized cause a freezing point depression, so the snow remains melted.

[0033] However, chloride substances contain large amounts of chlorine ions, which react with iron to form iron chloride, corroding steel structures such as automobiles, reinforcing bars, and bridges. In addition, when chloride substances dissolve in water formed by melting snow and penetrate into voids in concrete, repeated freezing and exothermic reactions occur inside the concrete, causing the concrete to freeze and thaw. This deteriorates concrete used in asphalt and road facilities, increases maintenance and repair costs, and causes problems such as accidents due to carelessness. Another drawback is that chloride substances cause numerous social and environmental problems, such as interfering with the metabolism of plants along roads and causing roadside trees to turn yellow.

[0034] When classified according to form, liquid snow removal agents are easier to store for long periods of time than solid snow removal agents, and have significantly fewer problems with solidification. In addition, they are easier to use than solid snow removal agents, and they are more economical, as they reduce preparation time and save on labor and maintenance costs.

[0035] However, when liquid snow-removal agents are spread on roads, they have the fatal drawback that they can seep into concrete voids along with the melted snow, or even just by themselves, and the seeping moisture can deteriorate the concrete.

[0036] In order to solve these problems, the present invention provides an environmentally friendly liquid snow removal agent that prevents concrete damage and contains a chloride-based material, a penetrating waterproofing agent, and a dispersant. The environmentally friendly liquid snow removal agent of the present invention applies penetrating waterproofing agents and admixtures that are used in existing concrete to the snow removal agent, thereby achieving the effect of improving the durability of concrete without deteriorating the concrete even when the snow removal agent is used in concrete.

[0037] The liquid snow removal agent of the present invention can be prepared by dissolving the snow removal agent components, including the chloride-based material, the penetrating waterproofing agent, the dispersant, and the additional components, in a solvent. The solvent is not particularly limited as long as it can dissolve the snow removal agent components to prepare a liquid, but polar solvents such as water, acetone, chloroform, and ethanol can be used, and it is preferable to use deionized water, which is the most stable because it has no odor and does not cause an addition reaction.

[0038] The content of said solvent may be from 50 to 90% by weight, preferably from 60 to 80% by weight, based on the total weight of the entire composition.

[0039] The snow-removing agent of the present invention uses a chloride-based substance as an ice-melting agent. The chloride-based substance may be any chloride-based substance having deliquescence, and preferably one or more of calcium chloride (CaCl2), sodium chloride (NaCl), potassium chloride (KCl), and magnesium chloride (MgCl2) may be used. Among these, calcium chloride, which has excellent deliquescence and is the most susceptible to the largest freezing point depression phenomenon, is the most preferred.

[0040] The chloride-based material may be contained in an amount of 10 to 70% by weight, preferably 15 to 40% by weight, more preferably 25 to 35% by weight, based on the total weight of the entire composition. If the chloride is contained in a small amount, the performance as an ice-melting agent is insufficient, and if it is contained in an excessive amount, the density becomes high and dispersion becomes difficult.

[0041] Such deicing agents using chloride-based materials contain a large amount of chloride ions, which react with iron to form iron chloride, causing corrosion of iron structures. In the present invention, therefore, a corrosion inhibitor is added to the deicing agent composition to suppress the corrosiveness.

[0042] The corrosion inhibitor may be gluconate, orthophosphate, polyphosphate, silicate, etc. In the present invention, it is preferable to use gluconate, and it is most preferable to use sodium gluconate, which is non-toxic and easily biodegradable.

[0043] The corrosion inhibitor is preferably contained in an amount of 0.1 to 5 wt %, more preferably 0.5 to 2 wt %, based on the total weight of the entire composition. If the corrosion inhibitor is contained in an excessive amount, an insoluble matter is generated due to the formation of an excessive complex salt, and if the corrosion inhibitor is contained in an excessive amount, it is difficult to prevent the corrosion of iron caused by chloride ions.

[0044] In general, admixtures are additives used to improve or impart specific properties to concrete before or after it sets.

[0045] In the present invention, by including an admixture used in concrete in the snow-removal agent composition, it is possible to improve properties such as the compressive strength of concrete when the snow-removal agent is used in concrete structures such as roads.

[0046] The admixture may be a polycarboxylic acid admixture based on acrylic acid to improve the compressive strength of concrete, such as methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, propyl methacrylate, polycarbonate, etc., and is preferably methyl methacrylate.

[0047] The admixture may be included in the total composition weight at 0.01 to 5% by weight, preferably 0.03 to 0.2% by weight, more preferably 0.05 to 0.15% by weight. If the admixture is included in an amount less than 0.01% by weight, the effect of improving durability such as freeze-thaw resistance and bonding induction effect between mixtures may be weak, and if the admixture is included in an amount exceeding 5% by weight, the strength enhancement ratio decreases with an increase in the admixture addition ratio, and the durability improvement effect is weakened, which may reduce economic efficiency and affect snow removal performance.

[0048] In one embodiment of the present invention, it was confirmed that a liquid snow removal agent containing an admixture can increase the compressive strength of concrete by up to 44.7%.

[0049] The eco-friendly liquid snow removal agent of the present invention also contains a penetrating waterproofing agent. When water containing dissolved chlorides produced by the use of the snow removal agent penetrates into voids in concrete, freezing and thawing are repeated due to the heat of dissolution and freezing point depression generated by the deliquescence of chloride-based substances. Specifically, when the moisture that has penetrated into the concrete freezes, the surface layer of the concrete is destroyed by the expansion pressure generated as the volume increases, and the snow removal agent that has penetrated with the moisture causes the ice melting phenomenon to be repeated again, accelerating the generation of cracks. In the present invention, the penetrating waterproofing agent is contained in the snow removal agent composition, so that a film that prevents moisture from penetrating into the concrete is formed when the snow removal agent is used.

[0050] Specifically, when the snow removal agent is spread on the road and penetrates into the voids of the concrete, the silicone component of the penetrating waterproofing agent reacts with the calcium component of the concrete to form CSH (calcium-silicate-hydrate) bonds. These CSH bonds form a coating film that blocks moisture from penetrating the concrete surface. As a result, moisture, which causes concrete deterioration, cannot penetrate, freeze-thaw damage is minimized, and the life of the concrete can be extended. In one embodiment of the present invention, it was confirmed that concrete treated with snow removal agent containing a penetrating waterproofing agent exhibited water permeability of 71% or less compared to an untreated sample.

[0051] The penetrating waterproofing agent may be a silicone-based waterproofing agent that can chemically bond with concrete in a wet environment. For example, it is preferable to use one or more waterproofing agents selected from silane, silicate, siliconate, and siloxane, and more preferably to use one of octyltriethoxysilane, octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane, polymethylhydrosilane, and a mixture thereof.

[0052] The penetrating waterproofing agent is preferably a mixture of two or more types to complement each other's properties, for example, a mixture of silane and siloxane, in which the silane and siloxane are mixed in a weight ratio of 1:1 to 10:1, preferably 2:1 to 6:1.

[0053] The total content of the penetrating waterproofing agent may be 0.05% by weight or more, for example 0.1 to 3% by weight, preferably 0.15 to 1% by weight, more preferably 0.2 to 0.5% by weight, based on the total weight of the entire composition.

[0054] The environmentally friendly liquid snow removal agent of the present invention contains a dispersant to solve the problem of poor dispersion during the process of applying the admixtures and anti-permeation agents used in the existing concrete field to the snow removal agent, thereby inducing smooth dispersion of the admixtures and anti-permeation agents and ensuring ease of application through uniform mixing.

[0055] In the present invention, the dispersant can be used in an amount of 10 parts by weight or less, preferably 0.001 to 10 parts by weight, more preferably 0.005 to 5 parts by weight, and even more preferably 0.01 to 3 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the penetrating waterproofing agent.

[0056] If the content of the dispersant relative to the penetrating waterproofing agent is higher than the above range, the water blocking performance of the penetrating inhibitor may be hindered, and even if the water blocking performance is improved by adjusting the composition of the dispersant, the compressive strength of the concrete may be reduced. On the other hand, when a small amount of dispersant is used as in the above range, the effect of the penetrating waterproofing agent is well exhibited by the dispersant, and the effect of other additives such as admixtures is not hindered, and the concrete shows excellent compressive strength and effectively blocks water after the liquid snow removal agent is applied.

[0057] In the present invention, the total content of said dispersants may be from 0.0002 to 10% by weight, preferably from 0.001 to 1% by weight, more preferably from 0.002 to 0.02% by weight, based on the total weight of the entire composition.

[0058] As the dispersant, a substance exhibiting the properties of a protective colloid and a surfactant can be used.

[0059] When a hydrophilic colloid is added to a hydrophobic colloid, the hydrophilic colloid surrounds and stabilizes the hydrophobic colloid, so that even when an electrolyte is added, the colloid does not become entangled and is well mixed; this hydrophilic colloid is called a protective colloid.

[0060] As the protective colloid, polyvinyl alcohol, gum arabic, hydroxyethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, etc. can be used, with polyvinyl alcohol being preferred.

[0061] The protective colloid may comprise from 0.0001 to 5% by weight, preferably from 0.0004 to 0.3% by weight, more preferably from 0.0007 to 0.01% by weight, based on the total weight of the entire composition.

[0062] In the present invention, by using the protective colloid and the surfactant in combination, the concrete to which the liquid snow removing agent is applied can have high compressive strength and effectively improve water penetration.

[0063] The dispersant is preferably used in a weight ratio of protective colloid to surfactant of 1:1 to 1:10, preferably 1:1.5 to 1:5.

[0064] In the present invention, it is preferable to use, as the surfactant, one or more of oil-in-water (O / W) and water-in-oil (W / O) surfactants.

[0065] Oil-in-water surfactants disperse oil in water in particulate form, while water-in-oil surfactants do the opposite.

[0066] The oil-in-water surfactant may be glycerin, isopropyl alcohol, ethylene glycol, etc., which have oil-in-water emulsifying properties that can disperse oil in water, and glycerin is the most preferred. Depending on the use of the oil-in-water surfactant, the concrete can be improved.

[0067] The oil-in-water surfactant may comprise from 0.0005 to 5% by weight, preferably from 0.00075 to 0.5% by weight, more preferably from 0.001 to 0.005% by weight, based on the total weight of the entire composition.

[0068] As the water-in-oil surfactant, polyethylene glycol, propylene glycol, etc., which exhibit water-in-oil emulsifying properties capable of dispersing oil in water, can be used, with polyethylene glycol being preferred.

[0069] The water-in-oil surfactant may comprise from 0.0005 to 5% by weight, preferably from 0.00075 to 0.5% by weight, more preferably from 0.001 to 0.005% by weight, based on the total weight of the entire composition.

[0070] As the surfactant, both oil-in-water and water-in-oil surfactants can be used. For example, glycerin and polyethylene glycol can be used as the oil-in-water and water-in-oil surfactants.

[0071] The weight ratio of the oil-in-water and water-in-oil surfactants may be from 10:1 to 1:10, preferably from 2:1 to 1:2.

[0072] In the present invention, the total content of said surfactants may be from 0.001 to 10% by weight, preferably from 0.0015 to 1% by weight, more preferably from 0.002 to 0.01% by weight, based on the total weight of the entire composition.

[0073] By optimizing the dispersant as described above, the present invention overcomes the limitations that when the anti-penetration agent or admixture used in concrete is applied to a liquid snow removal agent, it is difficult to disperse it, and even if the dispersibility is ensured, the effect of the anti-penetration agent or admixture is not fully exhibited in the snow removal agent, and improves both the compressive strength and water blocking performance of the concrete.

[0074] In one embodiment of the present invention, the average zeta potential of the liquid snow removal agent using the dispersant of the present invention was -317.11 mV, which is a very stable value, and it was confirmed that the dispersion of the liquid snow removal agent composition was good. It was also confirmed that the concrete after application of this agent had excellent compressive strength and low water permeability.

[0075] The liquid snow removing agent of the present invention is characterized in that its DLS diameter, as analyzed by dynamic light scattering (DLS) measurement, is 1,000 to 3,000 nm, particularly 1,500 to 2,500 nm.

[0076] The liquid snow removal agent of the present invention can achieve a high concrete compressive strength of 15 MPa or more, particularly 17 MPa or more, preferably 18 MPa or more, and a low water permeability of 80% or less, particularly 75% or less, when the DLS diameter is within the above range. If the DLS diameter is less than 1,000 nm, the water permeability is further reduced and water can be easily blocked, but the surface waterproof film is rapidly formed, making it difficult for admixtures to penetrate, resulting in insufficient concrete compressive strength improvement effect and a drop in compressive strength to 17 MPa or less. If the diameter is more than 3,000 nm, the concrete compressive strength is good, but the activity of the penetrating waterproof agent is reduced and the water permeability is increased to 80% or more, resulting in a low water blocking performance and possibly being unsuitable for use.

[0077] As described above, the present invention confirmed that the DLS diameter of the liquid snow removal agent affects the compressive strength and water barrier performance of the concrete to which the liquid snow removal agent is applied, and confirmed that the compressive strength and water barrier performance can be simultaneously realized within a certain range. In addition, the optimum DLS diameter that can suppress water permeability while maintaining the compressive strength of the concrete is specified to be 1,000 to 3,000 nm.

[0078] The environmentally friendly liquid snow removal agent according to the present invention may also contain additional additives.

[0079] The additional additive is not particularly limited as long as it is a component that can function as a corrosion inhibitor and an admixture. For example, it is preferable to use sodium nitrite (NaNO2), calcium nitrite (Ca(NO2)2), potassium nitrite (KNO2), etc., and sodium nitrite is particularly preferable.

[0080] The additional additives may comprise from 0.1 to 5% by weight based on the total weight of the entire composition.

[0081] The liquid snow removal agent of the present invention can be produced by dissolving the chloride-based material, the corrosion inhibitor, the additional additives, the compatibilizer, the penetrating waterproofing agent, and the dispersant in a solvent, and then stirring at 100 to 1,000 rpm, preferably 400 to 600 rpm.

[0082] The stirring can be carried out for 1 to 48 hours, preferably for 12 to 36 hours.

[0083] The eco-friendly liquid defrosting agent produced by the present invention, which is capable of suppressing concrete damage, can improve the resistance of concrete to freeze-thaw. The concrete freeze-thaw caused by the defrosting agent according to one embodiment of the present invention is very low, at an average of 1.21% for sodium chloride, and it can be confirmed that the concrete combined with the defrosting agent has excellent freeze-thaw resistance.

[0084] In addition, the eco-friendly liquid snow removal agent that suppresses concrete damage can prevent corrosion of steel materials. It has been confirmed that the snow removal agent according to an embodiment of the present invention has a very low corrosion rate of steel materials, averaging 6.63% compared to sodium chloride, despite mainly using chloride-based materials that are highly corrosive and containing multiple materials such as admixtures and penetrating waterproofing agents.

[0085] The environmentally friendly liquid snow-removal agent produced by the present invention, which inhibits damage to concrete, exhibits excellent ice-melting performance by containing each component in an optimal composition ratio, and has the advantages of preventing corrosion and damage to steel and concrete, improving durability and lifespan, improving physical properties, having excellent fluidity and dispersibility, and being easy to work with when spraying. EXAMPLES

[0086] The present invention will be described in more detail through the following examples, but these examples are merely illustrative of some experimental methods and compositions for the purpose of illustrating the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited to these examples.

[0087] Manufacturing example: Manufacturing of an environmentally friendly liquid snow removal agent that suppresses damage to concrete

[0088] The solvent, chloride-based material, corrosion inhibitor, additional additives, admixture, waterproofing agent, and dispersant were mixed according to the ratios listed in Table 1 below, and then stirred at 500 rpm for 24 hours to produce an environmentally friendly liquid snow removal agent.

[0089] Specifically, deionized water was used as the solvent, calcium chloride (CaCl2·2H20) as the deicing agent, sodium gluconate as the corrosion inhibitor, sodium nitrite as the additional additive, methyl methacrylate as the admixture, octyltriethoxysilane and polymethylhydrosiloxane as the penetrating waterproofing agents, and the dispersants were selected from polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol, glycerin, isopropyl alcohol, ethylene glycol, and propylene glycol.

[0090] [Table 1]

[0091] *DI: deionized water;SG:sodium gluconate;SN:sodium nitrite;MMA:methyl methacrylate;OS:octyltriethoxysilane;PMHS:poly(methylhydrosiloxane);PVA:polyvinylalcohol;PEG:polyethylene glycol;IPA:iso-propylalcohol;EG:ethylene glycol;PG:propylene glycol;

[0092] *The units in the above table are weight percent.

[0093] Experimental Example 1: Changes in physical properties due to DLS diameter and determination of optimal DLS diameter

[0094] Experiments were carried out to measure the DLS diameter, zeta potential, water permeability, and compressive strength of the snow removal compositions prepared according to the examples and comparative examples.

[0095] The DLS diameter and zeta potential of the snow removal agent sample were measured three times using a particle size distribution, zeta potential, and molecular weight analyzer (Otsuka Electronics Korea Co., Ltd., ELSZ-2000ZS) and the average values ​​were calculated.

[0096] The water permeability experiment was carried out by referring to the method described in KS F 4930:2012 to measure the activity of the penetrating waterproofing agent, and the concrete test specimens were cured according to the test specimen standards described in EM502-2 to produce test specimens with a compressive strength of 15 MPa at 7 days after curing.

[0097] After the water permeability test, the test pieces were completely dried for 24 hours at 23°C and 50% relative humidity, and then the compressive strength was measured according to the method described in KS F 2405:2010.

[0098] The measurement results are shown in Table 2 below.

[0099] [Table 2]

[0100] The average zeta potential of Examples 1 to 9 was -317.11 mV, which was a more stable value than the average zeta potential of -299.45 mV of Comparative Examples 1 to 9. In addition, all of the zeta potentials of the Examples and Comparative Examples were very stable values ​​lower than -40 mV, and it was confirmed that even if dispersion was performed well, differences occurred in other physical properties.

[0101] The snow removal agents of Examples 1 to 9, which all contain a protective colloid (PVA) and a surfactant (PEG and / or glycerin) as a dispersant, exhibited DLS diameters at the level of 1,500 to 2,500 nm, and when they had DLS diameters in this range, they exhibited properties of water permeability of 71% or less and compressive strength of 18 MPa or more.

[0102] On the other hand, in the case of Comparative Examples 1, 3, and 6, in which only one of the protective colloid (PVA) and surfactant (PEG or glycerin) was used as a dispersant, the DLS diameter significantly increased to 4,000 nm or more. In this case, although the compressive strength could be improved, the water permeability excessively increased to 80% or more.

[0103] Furthermore, Comparative Examples 7 to 9, which contained both protective colloid (PVA) and surfactants (PEG and glycerin) but had an excessive total content of 1.1% or more by weight based on the total composition weight, had a very low DLS diameter of less than 1,000 nm and low water permeability, but a waterproof coating film was formed too quickly in the concrete, making it difficult for admixtures to penetrate, and showed a low compressive strength of 17 MPa or less.

[0104] On the other hand, Comparative Examples 2, 4, and 5, which used isopropyl alcohol, ethylene glycol, and propylene glycol as dispersants, showed very high DLS diameters of 8,000 to 24,000 nm, and in this case, the water permeability relative to the compressive strength was excessively high.

[0105] That is, the liquid snow removal agent according to the present invention contains a specific dispersant in a specific ratio, and thus disperses well even while containing a concrete admixture and a penetrating waterproofing agent, and can provide a snow removal agent having a DLS diameter of 1,000 to 3,000 nm. When a snow removal agent having the above DLS diameter range is used, the concrete exhibits excellent compressive strength of 18 MPa or more and low water permeability of 71% or less. This is a characteristic that cannot be obtained by changing the content range of the dispersant or using other types of dispersants such as isopropyl alcohol, ethylene glycol, and propylene glycol.

[0106] Experimental example 2: Measurement of the effects of freezing and thawing on concrete

[0107] An experiment was carried out to compare the effects of the snow removal agents prepared according to the examples on the freeze-thaw properties of concrete.

[0108] The concrete freeze-thaw rate measurement test was conducted by referring to the method described in EM502-2:2014 to measure the effect of snow removal agents on concrete freeze-thaw rate, and the experimental results are shown in Table 3 below.

[0109] [Table 3]

[0110] According to the experimental results, the relative loss rate of concrete caused by freezing and thawing in Examples 1 to 9 compared to sodium chloride was very low, with an absolute value of less than 4%, proving high resistance to freezing and thawing. This indicates that the penetrating waterproofing agent that penetrated into the concrete voids is chemically bonded with the concrete, providing waterproofing against water and resistance to freezing and thawing.

[0111] Experimental example 3: Steel corrosion measurement

[0112] An experiment was carried out to measure the corrosiveness of the snow removal agent produced according to the examples to steel.

[0113] To test the effect of snow removal agents on steel corrosion, the corrosion rate of steel was measured in comparison with sodium chloride using the method described in EM502-1:2014, and the experimental results are shown in Table 4 below.

[0114] [Table 4]

[0115] Examples 1 to 9 were measured to be less than 10% more corrosive to iron than sodium chloride, which is commonly used as an anti-icing agent. It was confirmed that the anti-icing agents prepared according to the above examples mainly use chloride-based substances, which are highly corrosive, and exhibit excellent corrosion prevention effects even when they contain substances such as admixtures and penetrating waterproofing agents.

Claims

1. An environmentally friendly liquid snow removal agent that contains chloride-based materials, penetrating waterproofing agents, and dispersants to prevent concrete damage.

2. The chloride-based substance is calcium chloride (CaCl 2 ), sodium chloride (NaCl), potassium chloride (KCl), and magnesium chloride (MgCl 2 ) is one or more selected from 2. The liquid snow removing agent according to claim 1, which is environmentally friendly and inhibits damage to concrete.

3. The penetrating waterproofing agent is one or more selected from silanes, silicates, siliconates, and siloxanes; 2. The liquid snow removing agent according to claim 1, which is environmentally friendly and inhibits damage to concrete.

4. The dispersant comprises a protective colloid and one or more surfactants of the oil-in-water type (O / W) and the water-in-oil type (W / O); 2. The liquid snow removing agent according to claim 1, which is environmentally friendly and inhibits damage to concrete.

5. The weight ratio of the protective colloid to the surfactant is 1:1 to 1:10; 5. The liquid snow removing agent according to claim 4, which is environmentally friendly and inhibits damage to concrete.

6. the protective colloid is selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl alcohol, gum arabic, hydroxyethyl cellulose, and carboxymethyl cellulose; 5. The liquid snow removing agent according to claim 4, which is environmentally friendly and inhibits damage to concrete.

7. The content of the protective colloid is 0.0001 to 5% by weight based on the total weight of the composition.

5. The liquid snow removing agent according to claim 4, which is environmentally friendly and inhibits damage to concrete.

8. The content of the surfactant is 0.001 to 10% by weight based on the total weight of the composition.

5. The liquid snow removing agent according to claim 4, which is environmentally friendly and inhibits damage to concrete.

9. the weight ratio of the oil-in-water and water-in-oil surfactants is 10:1 to 1:10; 5. The liquid snow removing agent according to claim 4, which is environmentally friendly and inhibits damage to concrete.

10. Further comprising one or more corrosion inhibitors selected from gluconates, orthophosphates, polyphosphates, and silicates; 2. The liquid snow removing agent according to claim 1, which is environmentally friendly and inhibits damage to concrete.

11. further comprising one or more compatibilizers selected from methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, and polycarbonate; 2. The liquid snow removing agent according to claim 1, which is environmentally friendly and inhibits damage to concrete.

12. The DLS diameter of the snow removal agent is 1,000 to 3,000 nm; 2. The liquid snow removing agent according to claim 1, which is environmentally friendly and inhibits damage to concrete.

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