Shredder with fluid-immersed crushing chamber

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a shredder that includes a fluid-submerged crushing chamber and a seal assembly for containing a fluid in the fluid-submerged crushing chamber. For example, the crushing chamber can include a number of crushing tools (e.g., teeth, knives, etc.) that can be manipulated (e.g., rotated, spun, reciprocated, etc.) to crush or otherwise disintegrate various objects (e.g., batteries). In some examples, the crushing tools are mounted on a shaft that rotates to manipulate (e.g., turn) the crushing tools in the crushing chamber. Additionally, the shaft can connect (e.g., enter and exit) with the crushing chamber through an opening in a side wall of the crushing chamber, and examples of the present disclosure are directed to a seal assembly for reducing the possibility of fluid from the crushing chamber leaking through the opening.

Description

[Background technology]

[0001] Material shredders can be used to shred a variety of different items, materials, etc. For example, lithium ion batteries are commonly used in a variety of consumer electronics and other products (e.g., cell phones, laptops, power tools, electric vehicles, and a myriad of other applications), and as the number of lithium ion batteries increases, so does the need to dispose of and / or recycle the materials from such batteries. Material shredders are often used to recycle or otherwise process lithium ion batteries.

[0002] Some material shredders can include a fluid-immersed shredding chamber. For example, the shredder can include an assembly of shredding tools (e.g., teeth, knives, grinders, etc.) that are positioned within the shredding chamber, submerged in the fluid, and manipulated (e.g., rotated, spun, etc.) to shred one or more items, materials, etc. In some examples, submerging the shredding tools in the fluid can aid in retention of shredded material and improved material recovery. For example, a fluid-immersed shredder can be used to shred lithium ion batteries (e.g., for recycling, disposal, etc.), and the fluid-immersed chamber can help retain shredded portions of the batteries.

[0003] The present system and method of a shredder with a fluid submerged crushing chamber is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0004] [Figure 1] 1 illustrates a fracturing assembly according to an example of the present disclosure. [Figure 2A] 2 shows the fracturing assembly of FIG. 1 with the fracturing tool and shaft removed to reveal the opening in the wall of the fracturing assembly; [Figure 2B] 2B shows the fracturing assembly of FIG. 2A including a shaft. [Figure 3A] 2 shows a different perspective view of the fracturing assembly of FIG. 1 with the fracturing tool and shaft omitted to reveal an opening in another wall of the fracturing assembly; [Figure 3B]3B shows the fracturing assembly of FIG. 3A including a shaft. [Figure 3C] 1 shows a cross section showing the shaft and the side wall of the crushing chamber. [Figure 4A] 2C shows a spacer that can be attached to the shaft shown in FIG. 2B. [Figure 4B] 3C shows a spacer that can be attached to the shaft shown in FIG. 3B. [Figure 5A] 1 shows a diagram related to a spacer. [Figure 5B] 1 shows a diagram related to a spacer. [Figure 5C] 1 shows a diagram related to a spacer. [Figure 6] 4C shows a cross-sectional view of a shaft with a spacer of FIG. 4B. [Figure 7] 1 shows a perspective view of a cross section of a shaft having a seal assembly according to certain aspects of the present disclosure. [Figure 8] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a sleeve according to certain aspects of the present disclosure. [Figure 9A] 1 illustrates an example relating to a mechanical seal according to certain aspects of the present disclosure. [Figure 9B] 1 illustrates an example relating to a mechanical seal according to certain aspects of the present disclosure. [Figure 9C] 1 illustrates an example relating to a mechanical seal according to certain aspects of the present disclosure. [Figure 10] 13 illustrates an example relating to a wiper seal according to certain aspects of the present disclosure. [Figure 11] 1 illustrates a cross-sectional view of a shaft having a labyrinth seal and a lip seal in accordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure. [Figure 12A] 12 shows a perspective view of the example related to FIG. 11 according to certain embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 12B] 12 shows a perspective view of the example related to FIG. 11 according to certain embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 13A] 1 illustrates an example of a sleeve according to certain aspects of the present disclosure. [Figure 13B] 1 illustrates an example of a sleeve according to certain aspects of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0005] This detailed description relates to a shredder with a fluid-submerged crushing chamber (e.g., a fluid-submerged shredder). Furthermore, this detailed description relates to a seal assembly for containing a fluid in the crushing chamber. For example, the crushing chamber can include a number of crushing tools (e.g., teeth, knives, etc.) that are manipulated (e.g., rotated, spun, reciprocated, etc.) to crush or otherwise disintegrate various objects (e.g., batteries). In some examples, the crushing tools are mounted on a shaft that rotates to manipulate (e.g., turn) the crushing tools in the crushing chamber. Furthermore, the shaft can connect with (enter and exit) the crushing chamber through an opening in a side wall of the crushing chamber. At least some examples of the present disclosure are directed to one or more seal assemblies to reduce the possibility of fluid from the crushing chamber leaking through the opening.

[0006] Examples of the present disclosure may include one or more seal assemblies at various locations or positions relative to the opening in the crush chamber sidewall. That is, often the interface associated with the sidewall (e.g., the opening in the sidewall) and the shaft may include various configurations and relative positions, such as positions within the opening and positions on either side of the opening. Examples of the present disclosure may position one or more seal assemblies within the opening and / or on either side of the opening (e.g., on either side of the sidewall where the shaft passes through the sidewall).

[0007] In at least some examples, one or more seal assemblies are disposed in the opening in a space directly connecting the outer surface of the shaft and the crushing chamber side wall. For example, in some cases, a mechanical seal is disposed in the opening in a space directly connecting the outer surface of the shaft and the crushing chamber side wall. In some examples, a lip seal is disposed in the opening in a space directly connecting the outer surface of the shaft and the crushing chamber side wall. In some examples, a labyrinth seal is disposed in the opening in a space directly connecting the outer surface of the shaft and the crushing chamber side wall. In some examples, a wiper seal is disposed in the opening in a space directly connecting the outer surface of the shaft and the crushing chamber side wall.

[0008] In some examples, multiple seals can be disposed in the space directly connecting the outer surface of the shaft to the side wall of the crushing chamber in the opening. Disposing multiple seals in the space directly connecting the outer surface of the shaft to the side wall of the crushing chamber in the opening can reduce the possibility of fluid escaping from the crushing chamber. For example, in some cases, two or more seals can be disposed in the space directly connecting the outer surface of the shaft to the side wall of the crushing chamber in the opening, and the two or more seals can include a mechanical seal, a lip seal, a labyrinth seal, and / or a wiper seal. In some examples, the two or more seals can include the same type of seal. For example, a mechanical seal and a wiper seal can be disposed in the space directly connecting the outer surface of the shaft to the side wall of the crushing chamber in the opening. In some examples, a labyrinth seal and a lip seal can be disposed in the space directly connecting the outer surface of the shaft to the side wall of the crushing chamber in the opening.

[0009] In at least some examples, one or more seal assemblies are disposed on either side of the opening (e.g., on either side of the sidewall where the axis passes through the sidewall). For example, the seal assemblies can be positioned against (e.g., adjacent to or facing) an inner surface of the sidewall (e.g., within the crush chamber) about the axis. In some cases, the seal assemblies can be positioned against (e.g., adjacent to or facing) an outer surface of the sidewall (e.g., outside the crush chamber) about the axis. For example, in at least some cases, the seal assembly can include a spacer that surrounds the axis and is positioned adjacent the crush chamber sidewall about the periphery of the opening to prevent fluid and / or debris from leaking through the opening.

[0010] In at least some examples, one or more seal assemblies are disposed in the opening in a space directly connecting the outer surface of the shaft to a side wall of the crushing chamber, and one or more seal assemblies are disposed on either side of the opening (e.g., adjacent a side wall in the crushing chamber through which the shaft passes). Thus, in some examples, at least three different seal assemblies can be positioned relative to the interface between the shaft and the opening, which can significantly reduce the likelihood of fluid leaking from the crushing chamber.

[0011] Various examples are described below with reference to the drawings, and the structure, relationships, and / or functions of the examples may, in some cases, be better understood by reference to this detailed description. However, examples related to the subject matter of the present application are not limited to those shown in the drawings or set forth below. The drawings may not necessarily be to scale. In some cases, details may be omitted for clarity, brevity, and / or simplicity, but this does not preclude the inclusion of those details in connection with the examples of the present disclosure.

[0012] Referring now to FIG. 1, FIG. 1 illustrates a shredder 10 with a crushing chamber 12 that may contain a fluid in some examples. Additionally, the shredder 10 includes crushing tools 14 (e.g., teeth, knives, etc.) that may be disposed within the crushing chamber 12 and submerged in a fluid (not shown) contained within the crushing chamber 12. In at least some examples, the crushing tools 14 may be attached to a shaft 16 (e.g., a drive shaft) that, when rotated, may operate the crushing tools 14 to crush, pulverize, or otherwise destroy items (e.g., lithium ion batteries) introduced into the crushing chamber 12. In some examples, the shredder 10 may include multiple shafts and multiple sets of crushing tools. For example, the shredder 10 of FIG. 1 includes four shafts and four sets of crushing tools. In some examples, the shredder may include fewer shafts and fewer sets of crushing tools. In some examples, the shredder may include five or more shafts and five or more sets of shafts. For brevity, this disclosure may describe one of the axes, and the same description may apply to the other axis.

[0013] Optionally, the crushing chamber 102 may be at least partially surrounded by a protective guard 103 that may substantially retain the objects within the crushing chamber during the crushing process.

[0014] The drive shaft 16 may be the primary mechanism that causes movement of the shredder 14. As such, a portion 17 of the shaft 16 (e.g., external to the crushing chamber 12) may be mechanically coupled to a drive system (not shown), which may include a motor, engine, or any other suitable device capable of powering the shredder via rotation of the drive shaft 16. For example, rotation of the drive shaft 16 may be caused by rotation of a set of rollers that directly contact the drive shaft, although other systems, features, methods, etc. for rotating the drive shaft 16 are alternatively contemplated.

[0015] Fluid immersion crushing chamber 12 may entail various advantages. For example, in the case of crushing lithium ion batteries, the immersion fluid may aid in the release / removal of lithium metal and cathode materials from within other battery materials, thereby improving the crushing process by helping to separate the different materials and / or allowing for the recovery and reuse of materials as described in the background above. Such immersion fluid may, for example, contain contaminating electrolyte materials. Other non-limiting advantages of performing the crushing / separation process under immersion may include enhanced thermal management, isolation and / or neutralization of hazardous materials (e.g., depending on the chemistry of the immersion fluid selected for the particular battery or other object), enhanced waste management, etc. Although the present embodiment generally describes immersion, it is contemplated that other fluids, such as inert gases, may be utilized as well.

[0016] 2A, 2B, 3A, and 3B, some portions of the shredder 10 are omitted for clarity and to allow other portions of the shredder 10 to be seen (not hidden). In an example, the shaft 16 can extend into the interior space of the crushing chamber 12. For example, the crushing chamber 12 can include a first wall 18 (FIGS. 2A and 2B) having an opening 20, and in some examples, at least a portion of the shaft 16 can extend through the opening 20 (e.g., as shown in FIG. 2B). Additionally, the crushing chamber 12 can include a second wall 22 (FIGS. 3A and 3B) having an opening 24, and in some examples, at least a portion of the shaft 16 can extend through the opening 24. In some examples, the walls 18 and 22 can form at least a portion of a partition wall associated with the crushing chamber 12. Additionally, one or both of the walls 18 and 22 can include multiple wall panels (e.g., an interior wall panel and an exterior wall panel).

[0017] If a liquid chamber (or other chamber) is used, it is generally desirable for the liquid to be contained within the chamber 12. For example, it may be desirable or necessary to isolate other components of the fracturing system 10, such as the drive system adjacent portion 17 of the drive shaft 16, from the liquid and / or other materials within the chamber 12. A challenge with such a system is that where the shaft 16 interfaces with the chamber 12 (e.g., where the shaft 16 enters the chamber 12 through an opening), a liquid-tight seal must be formed that maintains its seal integrity during shaft rotation.

[0018] Without the examples of the present application, the crushing chamber 12 may be susceptible to leakage of fluids and / or shredded debris associated with the openings 20 and 24. For example, as the shaft 16 moves (e.g., spins or rotates) and is subjected to various forces (e.g., lateral displacement due to contact with the shredded article), gaps between parts associated with the openings may allow fluids and / or debris to leak or escape. However, in contrast to conventional shredders, examples of the present disclosure include one or more seal assemblies at various locations or positions relative to the openings (e.g., 20 and / or 24) in the crushing chamber sidewalls (e.g., 18 and / or 22).

[0019] In examples of the present disclosure, the interface between the opening in the sidewall and the shaft can include various configurations and locations, such as locations within the opening and locations on either side of the opening. For example, referring to FIG. 3C, a cross-sectional view shows an interface 23 between the shaft 16 and the sidewall 22 as the shaft 16 passes through the opening 24. In some examples, the sidewall 22 can include an inner panel 22A or wall and an outer panel 22B or wall. Based on the size 17 (e.g., diameter or other width dimension 17) of the shaft 16 and the size 25 associated with the space 24, a gap can exist between the outer surface of the shaft 16 and the outer periphery of the opening 24. Examples of the present disclosure can include one or more seal assemblies positioned at one or more locations relative to the interface 23 (e.g., relative to the gap between the shaft 16 and the outer periphery of the opening 24).

[0020] In at least some examples, the seal assembly may be disposed within crush chamber 12 at the mouth of opening 24, such as in the area identified by reference numeral 23A.

[0021] In at least some examples, the seal assembly can be located on the exterior of the crush chamber 12 at the mouth of the opening 24, such as in the area identified by reference numeral 23B.

[0022] In at least some examples, the seal assembly may be positioned within opening 24 proximate the inside of wall 22, such as in an area near inner panel 22A identified by reference numeral 23C.

[0023] In at least some examples, the seal assembly may be located within opening 24 adjacent the exterior of wall 22, such as in an area near outer panel 22B identified by reference numeral 23D.

[0024] In at least some examples, one or more seal assemblies may be disposed in one or more of regions 23A-23D.

[0025] In at least some examples, the fluid submerged shredder 10 can include a spacer that at least partially surrounds the shaft 16 and is positioned around the opening adjacent the walls of the crushing chamber 12. For example, in the example associated with FIG. 3C, the spacer can be positioned in region 23A and / or region 23B. With reference to FIGS. 4A and 4B, exemplary spacers 426 and 428 are illustrated that are coupled to the shaft 16 and positioned adjacent the walls 18 and 22 (respectively) of the crushing chamber 12 and reduce the possibility of fluid and / or fragments leaking or escaping from the crushing chamber 12.

[0026] 5A-5C, the spacer 428 is shown in a cutaway exploded view, and the description associated with FIG. 5A-5C may also apply to the spacer 426. In at least some examples, the spacer 428 includes a first surface 430 configured to face toward the crushing chamber wall (e.g., wall 18 or wall 22) and a second surface 432 configured to face away from the crushing chamber wall. In some examples, the second surface faces toward another component that is also coupled to the shaft, such as a crushing tool (e.g., a tooth) or another spacer. Additionally, the spacer 428 includes a through hole 434 that extends through the thickness of the spacer 428 from the first surface 430 to the second surface 432.

[0027] In examples, the through hole 434 is associated with a hole profile (e.g., cross-sectional profile) that corresponds to the axis profile (e.g., cross-sectional profile). In other words, the through hole 434 and the axis may include a mating relationship. For example, if the axis includes a hexagonal profile (e.g., as shown by axis 16), the through hole 434 may include a hexagonal hole profile. In examples, the profiles may include various shapes and sizes, such as triangular, square, pentagonal, star, semicircular, etc. In examples, the hole profile associated with the through hole includes one or more straight sides that correspond to the straight sides associated with the axis profile.

[0028] In at least some examples, the first surface 430 can include a peripheral portion 436 and an inboard inner portion 438 that is recessed relative to the peripheral portion 436. Additionally, the first surface 430 can include a shoulder 440 that transitions between the peripheral portion 436 and the inboard recess 438. The peripheral portion 436 and the inboard recess 438 can be configured to operate differently. For example, the peripheral portion 436 can be configured to be positioned adjacent to a wall (e.g., a bulkhead) of the crushing chamber. In some examples, the inboard inner portion 438 can be configured to connect with or be positioned adjacent to other parts of the shredder assembly (e.g., other sealing components) that can be coupled to a wall, shaft, and / or within an opening.

[0029] In some instances, the multi-depth nature of the surface 430 allows the spacer 428 to achieve closer positioning relative to the wall and other components disposed near the opening. For example, referring to FIG. 6, a cross-sectional view shows the spacer 428 relative to the wall 22. Additionally, FIG. 6 shows a sleeve 642 coupled to the shaft 16 and disposed within the opening 24 (see also, e.g., FIG. 3A). In at least some instances, the sleeve 642 protrudes beyond the wall 22 into the interior space of the crushing chamber 12. In at least some instances, the surface 430 is configured to position adjacent to both the sleeve 442 and the wall 22. For example, the central recess 438 can abut the sleeve 642 and the peripheral portion 436 can be positioned adjacent to (e.g., opposite) the wall 22. Additionally, the shoulder 440 and the sleeve 642 can each be dimensioned to reduce the likelihood of the shoulder interfering with the sleeve 42. For example, shoulder 440 can have a diameter 444 (eg, FIG. 5B) that is larger than an outer diameter 646 (eg, FIG. 6) of sleeve 642.

[0030] In at least some examples, the second surface 432 of the spacer 428 includes a perimeter 448 where the spacer 428 can transition from the second surface 432 to an angled annular surface 450. The angled annular surface 450 can gradually transition in size from a small dimension near the perimeter 448 of the second surface 432 to a large dimension near an outer edge 452 of the spacer 428. For example, the perimeter 448 of the second surface 432 can have a diameter 454 and the outer edge 452 can have a diameter 456 that is larger than the diameter 454. The angled annular surface 450 can gradually transition in size from the small diameter 454 to the large diameter 456. In at least some examples, the angled nature of the surface 450 can contribute to urging fluid and / or debris out of the opening 22, such as during rotation of the spacer 428 on the axis 16.

[0031] In an example, second surface 432 can be configured to fit against another component coupled to shaft 16. For example, diameter 454 can be similar to the diameter of another spacer 660 (e.g., FIG. 6 ) that can also be coupled to shaft 16 and abut second surface 432.

[0032] In an example, the spacer 428 can be configured to reduce the likelihood of fluid and / or debris leaking or otherwise passing through the openings (e.g., 20 or 24). Additionally, the shredder 10 can be accompanied by one or more seal components that can reduce the likelihood of fluid and / or debris leaking. For example, the spacer can be combined with one or more seal assemblies disposed in one or more of the regions 23B-23D. Examples of other seal assemblies that can be disposed in the regions 23C and 23D (in combination with the spacer) can include wiper seal assemblies, mechanical seal assemblies, labyrinth seal assemblies, and lip seal assemblies.

[0033] With reference to Figure 7, examples of the present disclosure can include one or more seal assemblies disposed within the opening (e.g., 20 or 24) and in the space or gap directly connecting the exterior surface of the shaft (e.g., 16) and the crushing chamber sidewall (e.g., 18 or 22). In Figure 7, the spacers (e.g., 428) are omitted, and in some examples, the shredder can include one or more seal assemblies disposed within the opening without any spacers. In some examples, the shredder can include one or more seal assemblies disposed within the opening with optional spacers (e.g., 428).

[0034] A shredder having the assembly associated with Figure 7 can include a drive shaft 716 (e.g., similar to shaft 16) and one or more side walls 722 that form at least a portion of the housing of the shredding chamber. The assembly shown in Figure 7 can include any of the other shredder-related features described elsewhere in this disclosure (e.g., shredding implements such as knives, drive systems, etc.).

[0035] At least some examples of the present disclosure can include one or more seal assemblies, such as a mechanical seal 750 (e.g., including a rotating seal 750a and a static seal 750b), a wiper seal 752 (e.g., fixed relative to the shaft), or any combination thereof. In some examples, the assembly can include both a mechanical seal 750 and a wiper seal 752. Some assemblies can include a mechanical seal 750 and omit a wiper seal 752, or can include another type of seal different from the wiper seal (e.g., a labyrinth seal or a lip seal). Some assemblies can include a wiper seal 752 and omit a mechanical seal 750, or can include another type of seal different from the mechanical seal (e.g., a labyrinth seal or a lip seal). In particular, the mechanical seal 750 and / or the wiper seal 752 can reduce the likelihood of liquid and / or crushed debris leaking from the crush chamber (e.g., through the drive shaft opening).

[0036] The mechanical seal 750 and wiper seal 752 can be put in place using a variety of structures. In some examples, a sleeve 742 (e.g., 642 in FIG. 6) can at least partially surround the drive shaft 716. For example, the sleeve 742 can be a substantially cylindrical component having an inner diameter surface 743 that abuts the outer diameter surface 727 of the drive shaft 716. In examples, the sleeve 742 can be integral with the drive shaft 716 and / or can be omitted entirely (e.g., where the outer diameter surface 717 of the drive shaft 716 is itself configured to mate with other components of the seal assembly without the need for a separate sleeve component).

[0037] The sleeve 742 may be secured to the drive shaft 716 such that as the drive shaft 716 rotates, the sleeve 742 also rotates. With reference to FIG. 8 (showing a cut-away cross-sectional view of the sleeve 742), the sleeve 742 may be a tubular or ring structure. The sleeve 742 may include a first end 802 and a second end 804 as well as an inner surface 806 and an outer surface 808. In an example, a portion 803 of the inner surface 806 proximate the first end 802 includes a first width dimension 810 and a portion 805 of the inner surface 806 proximate the second end 804 includes a second width dimension 812 that is greater than the first width dimension 810. Additionally, the inner surface 806 may include a shoulder 814 that transitions from the first portion 803 having the smaller width dimension 810 to the second portion 805 having the larger width dimension 812. In an example, during assembly, the sleeve 742 may be slid onto the shaft 716 until the shoulder 814 of the sleeve 742 abuts a corresponding portion of the shaft 716. Additionally, an O-ring, gasket, or other seal 745 may be disposed between the sleeve 742 and the shaft 716 .

[0038] In at least some examples, the first portion 803 having the smaller width dimension 810 can include a cross-sectional profile associated with an opening in a middle or central portion of the tubular or ring structure (e.g., the shape of a hole or opening in a central portion). Additionally, the cross-sectional profile associated with the first portion 803 can correspond to the profile shape of the shaft 716. For example, if the shaft 716 includes a hexagonal profile, the cross-sectional profile associated with the first portion 803 of the sleeve 742 can also include a hexagon. This is by way of example only, and the shapes or profiles of the sleeve 742 and shaft can include various other corresponding configurations. In particular, the corresponding profiles of the first portion 803 and shaft can interfit the sleeve 742 and shaft 716, thereby allowing the sleeve 742 to rotate with the shaft 716 upon rotation of the shaft 716 (e.g., via a motor).

[0039] In at least some examples, the outer surface 808 of the sleeve 742 may include a relatively constant outer diameter from the first end 802 to the second end. In particular, the relatively constant outer diameter may provide a flatter interface (e.g., flatter than the shaft 716, which has a more variable outer diameter) for mounting and / or otherwise engaging the seal assembly.

[0040] In at least some examples, the assembly can include a seal mounting collar 754 (which may also be referred to as a cylindrical interface) that is attached to (e.g., to an outer surface 808 of) the sleeve 742 and extends around (e.g., circumferentially around) the sleeve 742. With reference to Figures 9A and 9B, portions of the assembly, including the seal mounting collar 754 and components of the mechanical seal, are shown separated (other components, such as the shaft 716, sleeve 742, and other components of the shredder are omitted).

[0041] In examples, the seal mounting collar 754 can rotate with the sleeve 742 and / or the shaft 716. For example, a clamp ring 756 can surround the seal mounting collar 754 and be attached to an outer surface of the seal mounting collar 754. In examples, the clamp ring 756 can include a series of through holes 758 that align with through holes 760 in the seal mounting collar 754, and both through holes 758 and 760 can receive fasteners that couple the clamp ring 756 to the seal mounting collar 754. In at least some examples, the inner surface of the seal mounting collar 754 can frictionally engage the outer surface of the sleeve 742. In at least some examples, the fasteners attached to the through holes 758 and 760 also engage the outer surface of the sleeve 742. One or more other structures can help hold the clamp ring 756 in place. For example, the seal mounting collar 754 can include a shoulder 764 on an outer surface, and the collar 756 can abut the shoulder. In at least one example, one or more snap rings 766 can be attached to an outer surface of the seal mounting collar 754 to prevent axial displacement of the clamp ring 756. These structures and / or any other structures can contribute to an interference fit between the seal mounting collar 754 and the sleeve 742, allowing both to rotate together and with the shaft.

[0042] In an example, a first seal 750a (e.g., a rotating seal) of the mechanical seal 750 is operatively attached to the sleeve 742 by a seal mounting collar 754. In some examples, the first seal 750a can be directly attached to the sleeve 742. Any suitable device or method for fastening the first seal 750a to the seal mounting collar 754 can be used. For example, the seal mounting collar 754 can include one or more grooves 768 that receive one or more inserts 770 (e.g., snap rings) that prevent axial movement of the first seal 750a. Such an arrangement can be particularly advantageous because axial positioning of the first seal 750a can be important to maintaining a dynamic seal during drive shaft rotation. The inserts 770 can be secured in place by a press fit engagement, the use of adhesives, the use of fasteners, or the like.

[0043] In some examples, the second seal 750b (e.g., a static seal) can abut the first seal 750a (e.g., a rotating seal). For example, the first seal ring 750a can include a first seal face 772a axially facing toward the second seal 750b, and the second seal ring 750b can include a second seal face 772b axially facing toward the first seal ring 750a. The first seal face 772a can abut (or be substantially in contact with) the second seal face 772b such that the subject fluid does not substantially flow between the first seal face 772a and the second seal face 772b.

[0044] In examples, the second seal ring 750b can remain fixed or stationary such that the second seal ring 750b does not rotate with the shaft 716. In examples, the second seal ring 750b is fixed in position relative to the crush chamber more generally, and relative to the side wall (e.g., 22, 722) specifically. For example, the side wall 722 can include a first inner panel or wall 722a and a second outer panel or wall 822b (FIG. 7), and the second seal ring 750b can be fixed to the outer wall 722b.

[0045] In at least some examples, the second seal ring 750b is secured in place (e.g., stationary relative to the outer wall 722b) by a gland housing 774 that can be fastened to the wall 722b (e.g., via one or more fasteners 775 shown in FIGS. 9B and 9C). Additionally, the gland housing 774 can include an annular cavity 776 (e.g., an annular groove or seat) that receives the second seal ring 750b. In some examples, a drive pin 778 (e.g., multiple drive pins spaced around the gland housing 774) engages both the gland housing 774 and the second seal 750b to prevent the second seal 750b from rotating relative to the gland housing 774. In the illustrated embodiment, the drive pin 758 can be pressed against the second seal ring 750b opposite the second seal surface 772b. In some examples, other (additional) methods of securing the drive pin 778 to the second seal ring 750b may be used (e.g., bonding with an adhesive, fasteners, etc.). Similarly, the drive pin 778 may be secured to the gland housing 774 by any suitable device and / or method, such as being housed within a recess in the gland housing 774. While one drive pin 778 may be sufficient to prevent rotation of the second seal ring 750b, it may be desirable to include a similar drive pin wherever a spring (e.g., 777) is included, since rotation of the second seal ring 750b may prevent operation of the spring.

[0046] In an example, the first seal surface 772a may be configured to generally rotatably slide along the second seal surface 772b during rotation of the drive shaft 716. To avoid excessive friction, heat, wear, and other damage, the first seal surface 772a and the second seal surface 772b may be designed from certain suitable materials with relatively tight tolerances. For example, the first seal surface 772a and the second seal surface 772b (and perhaps the entire first seal ring 750a and the second seal ring 750b) may be formed from a material composition including silicon carbide, and certain embodiments include any metal face seal combination of silicon bronze and stainless steel (of various grades) on one or more seal surfaces. Optionally (and perhaps unnecessarily), the contact area of ​​the first seal surface 772a and the second seal surface 772b may be lubricated and / or lubrication may occur naturally during operation of the device.

[0047] In at least some examples, a spring 777 (FIG. 9C) may be included to create a constant axial contact pressure between the first and second sealing surfaces 772a, 772b. In the illustrated example of FIG. 9C, the spring 777 is a compression coil spring having a first spring end that abuts against a spring seat 780 (FIG. 9B) formed in the gland housing 774 and a second spring end that abuts against the second sealing ring 750b. Thus, when the compression coil spring 777 is in a compressed / shortened state relative to its normally uncompressed length, it may provide a substantially constant axial force to the second sealing ring 750b in an axial direction toward the first sealing ring 750a.

[0048] In at least some examples, the collar 754 rotates with the drive shaft 716 while the second seal ring 750b remains stationary in position relative to the crush chamber (e.g., relative to a sidewall), so that operation of the crush system (e.g., rotation of the shaft 716) can cause relative motion between the second seal ring 750b and the collar 754. In at least some examples, the inner diameter of the second seal 750b can be larger than the outer diameter of the collar 754. In some examples, when these relative surfaces include direct contact, these components can be configured such that sliding or other relative motion occurs with low friction (e.g., due to the material composition of at least one of the second seal ring 750b and the collar 754). It is contemplated that, optionally, the contact surfaces between these components can form a secondary or primary dynamic seal.

[0049] In the example, the annular cavity 776 of the gland housing 774 includes a radially inwardly facing surface that is adjacent to, at least partially coincides with, and may contact / abut an outer diameter surface of the second seal ring 750b. This engagement may be advantageous to ensure accurate radial positioning of the second seal ring 750b (e.g., to prevent the second seal ring 750b from expanding or shifting outwardly relative to the axis).

[0050] As noted, the gland housing 774 may be secured to the shredder via any suitable device. In some examples, the gland housing 774 and the outer wall 722b may include one or more through holes that may align to receive the fasteners 775.

[0051] In an example, the axial position of the gland housing 774 directly affects the degree of spring compression of the spring 777, and therefore the axial position of the gland housing 774 can contribute to a more uniform contact pressure between the first seal ring 750a and the second seal ring 750b. At least some examples of the present disclosure can include one or more setting clips 782. In an example, the setting clip 782 can be secured to the clamp ring 756 (e.g., via fasteners 784). The means of securing the setting clip 782 in place, such as with screws or otherwise, is not critical, particularly as long as the setting clip 782 can be accurately secured axially to the drive shaft 716, the collar 754, and / or the sleeve 742. The groove of the setting clip 782 can be configured (e.g., sized and shaped) to receive a protrusion 786 (e.g., FIG. 7) extending from the gland housing 774.

[0052] The protrusions 786 on the gland housing 774 may be radially extending features that limit axial movement of the gland housing 774. During installation of the gland housing 774, the gland housing 774 may be set in place and then engaged with the setting clip 782 as the setting clip 782 is secured in place. The setting clip 782 may maintain the axial positioning of the gland housing 774, for example, until other assembly steps are completed (including, for example, placement of springs and seal rings, installation of fasteners, etc.). Once installation is complete, the setting clip 782 may be released and removed.

[0053] 7, the location of the projection 786 and collar 756 contributes to ease of installation. For example, the gland housing 774 can include a radial wall extension 787 that extends away from the spring seat 780 and also positions the projection 786 further away from other portions of the gland housing 774. In examples, the location (e.g., positioning the projection further away) can move the setting clip 782 and associated threads axially away from the outer wall 722b (e.g., the outer surface of the outer wall 722b shown in FIG. 7), which can significantly simplify removal of the setting clip 782 (e.g., the length of the gland housing extension 182 from the support 150 can allow a long socket extension to radially approach the threads of the setting clip).

[0054] As mentioned above, the sealing surfaces of the first and second sealing rings 750a and 750b may form a fluid seal that may act as a primary fluid seal for the dynamic seal system 750 (and may be sufficiently sealable without a secondary sealing device). However, secondary sealing devices may be included in various locations to act as backup devices, prevent leakage, and / or otherwise enhance the overall sealing capabilities of the dynamic seal system 750. For example, O-rings may be positioned between certain components, particularly those that do not move relative to one another during shredder operation. For example, O-ring 745 may be included between the drive shaft 716 and the sleeve 742. Similarly, O-rings may be included in any other suitable locations 790, such as between the sleeve 742 and the cylindrical interface 754, between the seals 750a / 750b and the abutting structure, between any adjacent wall components, and / or in any other suitable locations (including but not limited to those locations shown in FIG. 9C ). Wherever an O-ring is included, an associated O-ring groove may also be positioned to maintain the placement of the O-ring.

[0055] 10, a wiper seal 752 (which may also be referred to as a debris barrier) can reduce the likelihood of fluid and / or debris escaping from the crush chamber. In some examples, the wiper seal 752 can be used in combination with the mechanical seal 750. In some examples, the wiper seal 752 can be used without the mechanical seal 750 or in combination with another type of seal. For example, the wiper seal 752 can be used in combination with a lip seal (e.g., 1150).

[0056] In at least some examples, the wiper seal 752 can be disposed adjacent a sidewall (e.g., 22 or 722), with FIG. 10 showing an interior wall or panel 722a (e.g., of area 23C identified in FIG. 3C). For example, the sidewall 722a can form at least a portion of the perimeter of an opening through which the shaft 716 passes, and in some examples, the sidewall 722a can include an annular lip or flange 723. In some examples, the annular lip 723 can at least partially surround a space that receives and contains the wiper seal 752.

[0057] In some examples, the wiper seal 752 can include a wiper seal housing 1010 to connect and protect the components of the wiper seal 752 (e.g., the wiper and spacer) and to help hold the wiper seal 752 in place relative to other structures (e.g., other structures of the shredder). For example, the wiper seal housing can include a channel that houses the components of the wiper seal. A first side 1012 of the channel can abut against the annular lip 723 of the inner wall 722a. Additionally, a second side 1014 of the channel can abut against a snap ring 1016 or other retainer secured relative to the inner panel 722a.

[0058] In an example, the wiper seal housing 1010 may have secured thereto one or more wipers 1018 (e.g., compliant rings) that may include a distal wiper lip configured to engage the sleeve 742. The wipers 1018 and 1020 may be compressed within the channel and held in place with (or between) one or more spacers 1020, etc. During operation, as the sleeve 742 spins, the wiper 1018 may slide along the outer surface of the sleeve 742 and maintain contact to substantially prevent crushed material and other debris from bypassing the wiper seal 752. Advantageously, the wiper seal 752 may protect the mechanical seal 750 and other components of the dynamic seal system from damage caused by crushed material suspended in the liquid.

[0059] Examples of the present disclosure may include one or more other (or alternative) seal assemblies described elsewhere in the present disclosure (compared to spacer(s), mechanical seal(s), wiper seal(s), etc.). For example, referring to FIG. 11, a cross-section similar to FIG. 6 is shown illustrating a portion of a shredder. FIGS. 12A and 12B illustrate at least some of the components shown in FIG. 11 in different perspective views. In some examples, the shredders associated with FIGS. 11, 12A, and 12B may include many of the same components (e.g., a fluid-submerged crushing chamber, a side wall, an opening in the side wall, a shaft passing through the opening, a crushing tool attached to the shaft, etc.) as those described elsewhere in the present disclosure. For the sake of brevity, these additional components may not be described in greater detail, and the components illustrated and described with respect to FIGS. 11, 12A, and 12B may be included in a fluid-submerged shredder along with any combination of these other components.

[0060] In an example, the shredder can include a sidewall 1122 (e.g., of a fluid crushing chamber), which in an example can include an inner wall or panel 1122a and an outer wall or panel 1122b. Additionally, a shaft 1116 passes through an opening in the sidewall 1122 into the crushing chamber 1112, where it is coupled with a crushing tool 1114 (e.g., teeth and spacers).

[0061] In some examples, the shredder assembly can include a labyrinth seal 1152 in the gap between the sidewall 1122 and the shaft 1116 within the opening. For example, the labyrinth seal 1152 can be in the space 23C identified in FIG.

[0062] In some examples, the shredder assembly may include one or more lip seals 1150 in the gap between the sidewall 1122 and the shaft 1116 within the opening. For example, the lip seal 1150 may be in the space 23D identified in FIG.

[0063] In at least some examples, a sleeve 1142 (e.g., FIG. 13 and including a first sleeve 1142a and a second sleeve 1142b) is positioned adjacent an outer surface of the shaft 1116. The sleeve 1142 can include at least some characteristics similar to the sleeve 742. For example, the sleeve 1142 can be secured to the drive shaft 1116 such that as the drive shaft 1116 rotates, the sleeve 1124 also rotates. The sleeve 1142 can include any of the other characteristics described for the sleeve 742, such as a first end having a profile (e.g., as shown in FIG. 13) corresponding to the shaft (e.g., forming a mating relationship that contributes to the sleeve 1142 rotating with the shaft 1116), a second end having a larger width dimension, and an outer surface that aids in connecting with other sealing elements.

[0064] In some examples, the sleeve 1142 can include a multi-component sleeve that can include a first sleeve 1142a and a second sleeve 1142b fixedly attached to one another (e.g., by fasteners passing through openings 1342 in FIG. 13B). In some examples, each of the sleeves 1142a and 1142b can be configured to sealingly interact with other components of the assembly. For example, the sleeve 1142a can be configured to interact with the labyrinth seal 1152, and the sleeve 1142b can be configured to interact with the lip seal 1150. In some examples, the sleeve 1142 can include a single integrally formed part as opposed to two sleeves 1142a / b attached to one another.

[0065] In at least some examples, the labyrinth seal 1152 includes a rotor 1152a (configured to rotate with the shaft 1116) and a stator 11152b (configured to remain fixed relative to the sidewall).

[0066] In some examples, the rotor 1152a can include a circular ring attached to the sleeve 1142. For example, the rotor 1152a and the sleeve 1142 can include openings that are aligned with one another and can receive the fasteners 1153. In this manner, the rotor 1152a can be fixed relative to the sleeve 1142 and rotate with the sleeve 1142 as the shaft 1116 rotates.

[0067] In some examples, the stator 1152b may include a circular ring that is coupled to the wall or panel 1122a (e.g., via threaded fasteners, not shown) and fixed in position relative to the wall or panel 1122a. In examples, the stator 1152b remains stationary as the shaft 1116 rotates.

[0068] In one or more examples, the rotor 1152a and the stator 1152b are in a shared surface relationship, with each surface facing and directly adjacent to one another including a sealing interface. In some examples, at least one of the rotor 1152a and the stator 1152b includes an annular protrusion 1155a (e.g., teeth or ribs or other positive structure) and the other of the rotor 1152a and the stator 1152b includes an annular groove or channel (e.g., 1155b) or other negative structure that corresponds or mates with the protrusion in a sliding relationship. That is, as the rotor 1152a rotates relative to the stator 1152b, the protrusion slides within the corresponding groove or channel.

[0069] In FIG. 12A, the annular protrusions and annular channels are identified by reference numerals 1152a / b within the dashed box. In at least some examples, the rotor 1152a can include one or more annular protrusions, and the stator 1152b can include one or more corresponding annular channels. In at least some examples, the rotor 1152a can include one or more annular channels, and the stator 1152b can include one or more corresponding annular protrusions. In at least some cases, the combination of the one or more annular protrusions and the corresponding one or more annular channels can provide a sealing interface that prevents liquid and / or fragments from leaking from the disruption chamber 1112.

[0070] In at least some examples, the shredder can include various seal structures that engage the sleeve 1142, and specifically, the portion 1142b of the sleeve 1142. In examples, the sleeve 1142 rotates with the shaft 1116. Additionally, one or more lip seals 1150 (or 1150a and 1150b in FIG. 12B) can be fixed to the sidewall 1122, and specifically, to the outer panel 1122b. In at least some examples, the lip seals 1150a / b can be fixed or secured in place to the outer panel 1122b.

[0071] In at least some examples, the outer panel 1122b includes an annular recess 1123 configured to retain or accommodate at least a portion of the lip seal 1150a. Further, the lip seal 1150a can include an annular flange 1151a that can be nested into the outer panel 1122b. In some examples, a lip seal retainer bracket 1157 can be positioned relative to the lip seal 1150a such that the annular flange 1151a is captured between the lip seal retainer bracket 1157 and the outer panel 1122b.

[0072] In at least some examples, the lip seal retainer bracket 1157 can also include an annular recess 1159 configured to hold or receive at least a portion of the other lip seal 1150b. Additionally, the lip seal 1150b can include an annular flange 1151b that can fit into the lip seal retainer bracket 1157. In some examples, the lip seal retainer flange 1160 can be positioned relative to the lip seal 1150b such that the annular flange 1151b is captured between the lip seal retainer bracket 1157 and the lip seal retainer bracket 1157.

[0073] In at least some examples, one or more fasteners 1162 can be attached to the lip seal retainer flange 1160, the lip seal retainer bracket 1157, and the outer panel 1122b to capture the lip seals 1150a and 1150b in place and fix the lip seal position relative to the outer panel 1122b.

[0074] In at least some examples, during a fracturing operation, as the sleeve 1142b rotates, the lip seals 1150a and 1150b can slide along the outer surface of the sleeve 1142b and maintain contact to substantially prevent fracturing material and other debris from bypassing the lip seals 1150a and 1150b.

[0075] In at least some examples, one or more biasing elements (not shown), such as springs, can be coupled with the lip seals 1150a and 1150b to bias the sealing lips toward the sleeve 1142b.

[0076] In at least some examples, the outer surface (e.g., outer diameter surface) of sleeve 1142b is sloped at least along portion 1344 (e.g., FIG. 13B). Additionally, outer panel 1122b can include an annular inner edge that is also sloped along portion 1127, etc. (e.g., FIG. 12B). In examples, these surfaces include angles that correspond to one another and contribute to assembly and tighter tolerances between the various components to reduce the likelihood of fluids and / or debris leaking from the crush chamber.

[0077] section In addition to the claims appended hereto, the following clauses represent exemplary aspects of the concepts contemplated herein. Any one of the clauses below may be combined in a multiply dependent manner such that it is dependent on one or more other clauses. Furthermore, any combination of dependent clauses (clause(s) that are explicitly dependent on the preceding clause) may be combined within the scope of the aspects contemplated herein. The following clauses are examples and are not limiting.

[0078] Clause 1: A crushing system comprising: a drive shaft, the drive shaft having a first side coupled to one or more crushing knives and a second side coupled to a drive actuator that causes rotation of the drive shaft; a first seal ring surrounding a portion of the drive shaft, the first seal ring being substantially rotatably fixed to the drive shaft to rotate as the drive shaft rotates; a second seal ring positioned adjacent to the first seal ring, the drive shaft being rotatable relative to the second seal ring such that the first seal ring rotates relative to the second seal ring as the drive shaft rotates; and an immersion chamber at least partially surrounding the first side of the drive shaft, a first sealing surface of the first seal ring engaging a second sealing surface of the second seal ring to form a fluid seal configured to prevent flow of fluid within the immersion chamber towards the second side of the drive shaft.

[0079] Clause 2: The fracturing system of clause 1, further comprising a spring that mechanically engages the second seal ring, the spring creating a default axial contact pressure between the first seal surface and the second seal surface.

[0080] Clause 3: The crushing system of clause 2, further comprising a ground housing substantially fixed relative to the non-rotatable support, the ground housing including a spring seat abutting against a first end of the spring.

[0081] Clause 4: The fracturing system of clause 3, wherein the second end of the spring abuts against the second seal ring.

[0082] Clause 5: The crushing system of clause 3, wherein the gland housing includes a head structure having a radially inwardly facing surface adjacent to and at least partially mating with the radially outwardly facing surface of the second seal ring.

[0083] Clause 6: The fracturing system of clause 5, wherein the head structure includes a through hole that receives a fastener, the fastener being configured to secure the gland housing to the support.

[0084] Clause 7: The fracturing system of clause 3, further comprising an axial positioning device configured to engage the gland housing, the axial positioning device including a removable setting clip configured to prevent axial movement of the gland housing.

[0085] Clause 8: The fracturing system of clause 7, wherein the gland housing includes a gland housing extension extending axially from the head portion of the gland housing, and the setting clip is configured to engage an end of the gland housing extension.

[0086] Clause 9: The crushing system of clause 1, further comprising a debris barrier positioned adjacent to the immersion chamber and configured to prevent debris from accessing the first seal ring, the debris barrier including at least one compliant ring, and the drive shaft is rotatable relative to the at least one compliant ring.

[0087] Clause 10: The crushing system of clause 1, further comprising a debris barrier positioned adjacent the submersion chamber and configured to prevent debris from accessing the first seal ring, the debris barrier including at least one compliant seal arm, the at least one compliant seal arm being rotatably fixed to the drive shaft to rotate co-rotatingly with the drive shaft.

[0088] Clause 11: A dynamic seal system for a fracturing system, comprising: a first seal ring configured to surround a portion of a drive shaft of the fracturing system, the first seal ring being substantially rotatably fixed relative to the drive shaft so as to rotate as the drive shaft rotates during operation of the fracturing system; and a second seal ring positioned adjacent to the first seal ring, the drive shaft being rotatable relative to the second seal ring such that, during operation of the fracturing system, the first seal ring rotates relative to the second seal ring as the drive shaft rotates, and a first seal surface of the first seal ring engages a second seal surface of the second seal ring to form a fluid seal configured to prevent flow of fluid within an immersion chamber of the fracturing system towards a drive actuator of the fracturing system.

[0089] Clause 12: The dynamic seal system of clause 11, further comprising a spring that mechanically engages the second seal ring, the spring creating a default axial contact pressure between the first seal surface and the second seal surface.

[0090] Clause 13: The dynamic seal system of clause 12, further comprising a gland housing configured to be fixed to a non-rotatable support of the crushing system, the gland housing including a spring seat that abuts against a first end of the spring.

[0091] Clause 14: The dynamic seal system of clause 13, wherein the second end of the spring abuts against the second seal ring.

[0092] Clause 15: The dynamic seal system of clause 13, wherein the gland housing includes a head structure having a radially inward facing surface adjacent to and at least partially mating with the radially outward facing surface of the second seal ring.

[0093] Clause 16: The dynamic seal system of clause 15, wherein the head structure includes a through hole that receives a fastener, the fastener being configured to secure the gland housing to the support.

[0094] Clause 17: The dynamic seal system of clause 13, further comprising an axial positioning device configured to engage the gland housing, the axial positioning device including a removable setting clip configured to prevent axial movement of the gland housing.

[0095] Clause 18: The dynamic seal system of clause 17, wherein the gland housing includes a gland housing extension extending axially from the head portion of the gland housing, and the setting clip is configured to engage an end of the gland housing extension.

[0096] Clause 19: The dynamic seal system of clause 11, further comprising a debris barrier configured to prevent debris from accessing the first seal ring, the debris barrier including at least one compliant ring, and wherein during operation of the crushing system, the drive shaft is rotatable relative to the at least one compliant ring.

[0097] Clause 20: A method of forming a crushing system, the crushing system comprising: a drive shaft, the drive shaft having a first side coupled to one or more crushing knives and a second side coupled to a drive actuator that causes rotation of the drive shaft; a first seal ring surrounding a portion of the drive shaft, the first seal ring being substantially rotatably fixed to the drive shaft to rotate as the drive shaft rotates; a second seal ring positioned adjacent to the first seal ring, the drive shaft being rotatable relative to the second seal ring such that the first seal ring rotates relative to the second seal ring as the drive shaft rotates; and an immersion chamber at least partially surrounding the first side of the drive shaft, a first sealing surface of the first seal ring engaging a second sealing surface of the second seal ring to form a fluid seal configured to prevent flow of fluid within the immersion chamber towards the second side of the drive shaft.

[0098] This detailed description is provided to satisfy statutory requirements. However, this description is not intended to limit the scope of the invention described herein. Rather, the subject matter described in the claims may be embodied in different ways and with other current or future technologies to include different steps, different combinations of steps, different elements, and / or different combinations of elements similar or equivalent to those described in this disclosure. The examples herein are intended to be illustrative in all respects and not restrictive. In this sense, alternative examples or embodiments may become apparent to those skilled in the art to which the subject matter pertains without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. 1. A fluid-submerged shredder comprising: a crushing chamber including a wall configured to contain a fluid within an interior space and including an opening; a drive shaft extending through the opening into the interior space and including an outer diameter surface having a first cross-sectional profile; a sleeve coupled to the shaft and having a second cross-sectional profile corresponding to the first cross-sectional profile and positioned in the opening; and one or more seal assemblies coupled to at least one of the wall and the sleeve and configured to prevent the fluid from escaping the interior space.

2. 2. The fluid submerged shredder of claim 1, further comprising a spacer having a through hole with a hole profile corresponding to the first cross-sectional profile.

3. 3. The fluid submerged shredder of claim 2, wherein the spacer includes a first surface having a central portion abutting the sleeve and a peripheral portion facing the wall.

4. 4. A fluid submerged shredder according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the spacer includes an inclined annular surface facing away from the wall.

5. 5. The fluid-submerged shredder of claim 1, wherein the one or more seal assemblies include a mechanical seal including a first seal and a second seal, the first seal being fixedly coupled to the sleeve and configured to rotate with the drive shaft and rotate relative to the wall, and the second seal being fixedly coupled to the wall.

6. A fluid-submerged shredder according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the one or more seal assemblies include a wiper seal, the wiper seal being fixedly coupled to the wall and including one or more wipers engaging the sleeve.

7. 7. A fluid-submerged shredder according to claim 1, wherein the one or more seal assemblies include a lip seal fixedly coupled to the wall and including one or more lip seal edges that engage the sleeve.

8. 8. A fluid-submerged shredder according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the one or more seal assemblies include a labyrinth seal including a rotor and a stator, the rotor being fixedly coupled to the sleeve and configured to rotate with the drive shaft and rotate relative to the wall, and the stator being fixedly coupled to the wall.

9. 1. A fluid-submerged shredder comprising: a crushing chamber configured to contain a fluid within an interior space and including a wall including an opening; a drive shaft extending through the opening into the interior space and including an outer diameter surface having a first cross-sectional profile; a sleeve coupled to the shaft, having a second cross-sectional profile corresponding to the first cross-sectional profile, and positioned in the opening; and a spacer having a through hole with a hole profile corresponding to the first cross-sectional profile, and including a first surface having a central portion abutting the sleeve and a peripheral portion facing the wall.

10. 11. The fluid submerged shredder of claim 10, wherein the spacer includes an inclined annular surface facing away from the wall.

11. 11. The fluid submerged shredder of claim 9 or 10, further comprising one or more seal assemblies coupled to at least one of the wall and the sleeve and configured to prevent the fluid from escaping from the interior space.

12. 12. The fluid submerged shredder of claim 11, wherein the one or more seal assemblies include a wiper seal fixedly coupled to the wall and a mechanical seal.

13. 13. The fluid submerged shredder of claim 12, wherein the mechanical seal includes a first seal and a second seal, the first seal being fixedly coupled to the sleeve and configured to rotate with the drive shaft and rotate against the wall, and the second seal being fixedly coupled to the wall.

14. 14. A fluid submerged shredder according to any one of claims 9 to 13, wherein the central portion is recessed relative to the peripheral portion, and the first surface includes an annular shoulder transitioning between the central portion and the peripheral portion.

15. 15. The fluid submerged shredder of claim 14, wherein the annular shoulder has a first diameter and the sleeve has a second diameter smaller than the first diameter.

16. 1. A fluid-submerged shredder comprising: a crushing chamber including a wall configured to contain a fluid within an interior space and including an opening; a drive shaft extending through the opening into the interior space and including an outer diameter surface having a first cross-sectional profile; a sleeve coupled to the shaft, having a second cross-sectional profile corresponding to the first cross-sectional profile, and positioned in the opening; one or more lip seals fixedly coupled to the wall and including one or more lip seal edges that engage the sleeve; and a labyrinth seal including a rotor and a stator, the rotor fixedly coupled to the sleeve and configured to rotate with the drive shaft and rotate relative to the wall, and the stator fixedly coupled to the wall.

17. 17. The fluid submerged shredder of claim 16, wherein the one or more lip seals include a first lip seal and a second lip seal.

18. 20. The fluid submerged shredder of claim 17, wherein the wall includes an annular recess, and the first lip seal is positioned in the annular recess and secured between the wall and a lip seal retainer bracket.

19. 20. The fluid-submerged shredder of claim 18, wherein the lip seal retainer bracket includes a second annular recess, and the second lip seal is positioned in the second annular recess and secured between the lip seal retainer bracket and a lip seal retaining flange.

20. 20. The fluid submerged shredder of claim 19, wherein a fastener extends through the lip seal retaining flange and the lip seal retaining bracket into the wall to secure the first lip seal, the second lip seal, the lip seal retaining flange, and the lip seal retaining bracket together.

Images