Optical structure of a surgical microscope and a surgical microscope

Abstract

The present invention relates to an optical structure of a surgical microscope and a surgical microscope, in which the optical structure comprises a deflection means and a binocular lens means arranged in order in the direction of the optical path, the deflection means comprises a right-angle roof prism, the binocular lens means comprises a prism / lens group, a first right-angle prism, a second right-angle prism and an eyepiece, the prism / lens group comprises a small objective lens, or the first right-angle prism and the second right-angle prism are replaced by a diamond prism. The optical structure design of the present invention is "inverted image-inverted image", the right-angle roof prism shortens the internal optical path of the deflection means by about half, which further contributes to reducing the vignetting of the observed optical path, the mirror phenomenon is avoided by two internal reflections, and the image is rotated by 180 degrees, and the inverted prism in the binocular lens means can be eliminated, which effectively simplifies the structure of the optical lens set in the system.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of medical machinery technology, and more particularly to an optical structure of a surgical microscope and a surgical microscope. [Background technology]

[0002] A surgical microscope is a medical precision optical instrument used in clinical microscopic observation and surgical treatment. As the core components, the optical microscope system includes a primary mirror body and a binocular tube, between which various accessories can be installed in the parallel optical path according to demand to achieve different additional functions.

[0003] In order to provide an ergonomic and comfortable posture, conventional surgical microscopes usually add a light path bending structure on the main mirror body to bend the light path by 90 degrees, allowing the binoculars tube to be installed horizontally, lowering the line of sight and increasing the operating space while lengthening the horizontal observation distance, allowing the doctor to maintain a comfortable sitting posture. Considering the need to avoid mirroring and keep the image facing forward, the light path bending structures in the prior art are all realized by pentaprisms.

[0004] Referring to the Chinese patent with publication number CN211123465U, a surgical microscope is disclosed that realizes bending and splitting of light beams by combining a pentaprism with a Schmidt prism or other prisms.

[0005] Referring to the Chinese patent with publication number CN216148235U, a surgical microscope is disclosed that similarly uses a pentaprism as an optical path conversion element, the specific structure of which is shown in Figures 1 and 2.

[0006] However, due to the limitations of its own structure, the pentaprism has a long internal optical path and a large air gap in the fixed structure, which increases the vignetting of the observation system, and even completely blocks the light rays of the edge field of view, resulting in vignetting. At the same time, the combined optical path of the binocular tube and the eyepiece of the traditional surgical microscope is the same as that of the Kepler telescope, and in order to observe the upright image, it is necessary to add an inverted prism to the optical path of the binocular tube, where the most common Porro prism is generally composed of three right-angle prisms glued together, as shown in Figures 17a, 17b, 17c, and 17d, which has a complex structure and high processing and assembly costs, and also has the problem of a long internal optical path, which causes the lens group of the miniature objective to become complicated, and the design and manufacturing costs are further increased. Summary of the Invention

[0007] SUMMARY OF THE PRESENT DISCLOSURE An object of the present invention is to provide an optical structure for a surgical microscope, and to solve the problem of long internal optical paths in the optical structure.

[0008] In order to achieve the above object, the first technical solution adopted in the present invention is: An optical structure of a surgical microscope comprising a deflection means and a binocular lens means, which are arranged in order in the direction of an optical path, The deflection means comprises a right-angle roof prism; The binocular lens means comprises a prism / lens group, a first right-angle prism, a second right-angle prism and an eyepiece lens arranged in that order in the optical path direction, and the prism / lens group comprises a small objective lens.

[0009] In the above technical solution, preferably, the object beam is inverted 180 degrees through the right-angle roof prism, and after passing through the prism / lens group, the first right-angle prism, and the second right-angle prism, it is further inverted 180 degrees to form an erect real image, which is observed through the eyepiece.

[0010] In the above technical solution, preferably, the prism / lens group is an angle-adjustable prism / lens group, and the angle-adjustable prism / lens group is applied to a binoculars tube with a rotating connecting part, and is disposed within the rotating connecting part, and is adjusted according to the rotation of the rotating connecting part.

[0011] More preferably, the angle-adjustable prism / lens group further comprises a third right-angle prism, a fourth right-angle prism and a fifth right-angle prism, and the third right-angle prism, the small objective lens, the fourth right-angle prism and the fifth right-angle prism are arranged in order in the optical path direction.

[0012] Even more preferably, the third right-angle prism and the fifth right-angle prism can rotate relatively to the fourth right-angle prism around the optical axis, and the rotation angles are always equal. In the above technical solution, preferably, the prism / lens group comprises a half-penta prism, the small objective lens and the half-penta prism are arranged in sequence in the direction of the optical path, and the half-penta prism is used in an optical structure using a 45° oblique binocular tube as a binocular tube, and using the half-penta prism is relatively simple and low-cost in terms of processing, assembly and modification compared to the conventional Schmidt Dach prism.

[0013] In the above technical solution, preferably, the prism / lens group does not include a meniscus lens.

[0014] In the above technical solution, preferably, the miniature objective lens comprises a first double cemented lens set having a positive focal power; and 50mm<|f G1 |<200mm, and

number

[0015] More preferably, the eyepiece lens includes a second double cemented lens set and a single lens arranged in this order in the optical path direction; and 0.5 <f L3 / f G1 <2, where f L3 is the focal length of the second doublet lens set.

[0016] In the above technical solution, preferably, the binocular lens means further comprises a field lens which is a single lens.

[0017] In the above technical solution, preferably, the binocular lens means further comprises a diaphragm.

[0018] In the above technical solution, preferably, the binocular means further comprises a field lens and an aperture, and the small objective lens, the first right-angle prism, the second right-angle prism, the field lens, the aperture and the eyepiece are arranged in order in the direction of the optical path, and the binocular means is suitable for using a straight binocular tube as the binocular tube, and the two right-angle prisms are easier to assemble and adjust, the spacing distance is adjustable, the adjustment of the interpupillary distance range is convenient, the design and assembly of the mechanical structure is convenient, the space occupied is small, the weight is light, the processing, assembly and modification are convenient and the cost is low.

[0019] In the above technical solution, preferably, the prism / lens group further comprises a third right-angle prism, a fourth right-angle prism and a fifth right-angle prism, the binocular lens means further comprises a field lens and an aperture, the third right-angle prism, the small objective lens, the fourth right-angle prism, the fifth right-angle prism, the first right-angle prism, the second right-angle prism, the field lens, the aperture and the eyepiece lens are arranged in order in the direction of the optical path, the binocular lens means is applied to a binocular lens tube with a rotating connecting part, the two right-angle prisms are easier to assemble and adjust, the interval distance is adjustable, the adjustment of the range of the interpupillary distance is convenient, and according to the optical path, the aperture of the first right-angle prism can be made small for the convenience of designing and assembling the mechanical structure, and at the same time, the length of the subsequent optical path of the small objective lens is greatly shortened, and there is no need to add a thick meniscus lens separately for adjusting the image plane position, so that the system is simplified and the cost is reduced.

[0020] In the above technical solution, preferably, the prism / lens group further comprises a half pentaprism, and the small objective lens, the half pentaprism, the first right-angle prism, the field lens, the second right-angle prism, the aperture and the eyepiece are arranged in order in the direction of the optical path, and the binocular lens means is adapted to use a 45° oblique binocular lens tube as the binocular lens tube, and the processing, assembly and modification are all relatively simple and low cost.

[0021] In order to achieve the above object, the second technical solution adopted in the present invention is: An optical mechanism of a surgical microscope comprising a deflection means and a binocular lens means arranged in order in the direction of an optical path, The deflection means comprises a right-angle roof prism; The binocular lens means comprises a prism / lens group, a diamond prism and an eyepiece lens arranged in this order in the optical path direction, the prism / lens group comprising a miniature objective lens.

[0022] In the above technical solution, preferably, the object beam is inverted 180 degrees through the right-angle roof prism, and then, after passing through the prism / lens group and the diamond prism, is further inverted 180 degrees to generate an erect real image, which is observed through the eyepiece.

[0023] In the above technical solution, preferably, the prism / lens group further comprises a third right-angle prism, a fourth right-angle prism and a fifth right-angle prism, the binocular lens means further comprises a field lens and an aperture, the third right-angle prism, the small objective lens, the fourth right-angle prism, the fifth right-angle prism, the diamond prism, the field lens, the aperture and the eyepiece lens are arranged in order in the direction of the optical path, the binocular lens means is applied to a binocular lens tube with a rotating connecting part, uses a diamond prism, the left and right prisms are consistent, and the processing, assembly and modification are relatively simple and the cost is low.

[0024] Another object of the present invention is to provide a surgical microscope.

[0025] In order to achieve the above objectives, the technical solutions adopted in the present invention include: A surgical microscope comprising a microscope body, a steering extender and a binocular tube, the steering extender being connected to the microscope body and the binocular tube being connected to the steering extender, the surgical microscope further comprising the optical structure described above, the turning means being provided within the steering extender and the binocular means being provided within the binocular tube.

[0026] In the above technical solution, preferably, the binoculars tube has a rotating connection part connected to the steering extender and rotated and adjusted in a direction perpendicular to the steering extender, the prism / lens group is an angle-adjustable prism / lens group, and the angle-adjustable prism / lens group is arranged in the rotating connection part.

[0027] In the above technical solution, preferably, the binocular tube is a straight binocular tube.

[0028] In the above technical solution, preferably, the binoculars tube is a 45° oblique binoculars tube.

[0029] In the above technical solution, preferably, a fixed sheet is provided within the steering extender, and the right-angle roof prism is provided on the fixed sheet.

[0030] In the above technical solution, preferably, the binoculars tube and the steering extender are detachably connected.

[0031] By applying the above technical solutions, the present invention has the following advantages over the prior art: 1. The optical structure of the invention reduces the optical path length inside the steering extender by about half, which further reduces the vignetting of the observed optical path. 2. The optical structure of the invention uses two internal reflections of the right-angle roof prism to avoid the mirror phenomenon and rotate the image by 180 degrees, thus eliminating the complex and expensive inversion prism in the binoculars; 3. The optical structure of the present invention avoids the need for an inverting prism in the binoculars tube in the prior art, which increases the optical path length, reduces the difficulty in designing a small objective lens, and simplifies the structure of the optical lens group; 4. The optical structure of the present invention improves the observation effect of the optical system, while simplifying the optical structure of the lens group and the prism group, reducing the difficulty of assembly and modification, and saving the production and manufacturing costs. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0032] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of a surgical microscope according to the prior art. [Diagram 2] FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of a surgical microscope according to the prior art. [Figure 3a] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the light path of an optical structure in the prior art (the binocular tube has a rotating connection part). [Figure 3b] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the optical path of an optical structure in the prior art (a straight binocular tube is used as the binocular tube); [Figure 4a] FIG. 2 is a schematic front view of the surgical microscope in the first embodiment. [Figure 4b] 1 is a schematic plan view of a surgical microscope in Example 1. FIG. [Figure 4c] FIG. 2 is a schematic bottom view of the surgical microscope in the first embodiment. [Diagram 5] 2 is a schematic diagram of an optical path of the optical structure in the first embodiment. FIG. [Figure 6] 2 is a schematic diagram of the optical path of the binocular lens means of the optical structure in the first embodiment. FIG. [Figure 7] FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of an optical path of the optical structure in the second embodiment. [Figure 8] FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the optical path of the binocular lens means of the optical structure in the second embodiment. [Figure 9] FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a straight binocular lens tube in Example 3. [Figure 10] FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the optical path of the binocular lens means of the optical structure in the third embodiment. [Figure 11] FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a 45° diagonal binocular lens tube in Example 4. [Figure 12] FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the optical path of the binocular lens means of the optical structure in the fourth embodiment. [Figure 13] FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of the optical path of a binocular lens means of an optical structure in a comparative example. [Figure 14] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a pentaprism. [Figure 15a] 1A-1C are schematic diagrams of various right angle roof prisms. [Figure 15b] 1A-1C are schematic diagrams of various right angle roof prisms. [Figure 16] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the overlapping of a pentaprism and a right-angle roof prism. [Figure 17a]1A-1D are schematic diagrams of various Porro prisms. [Figure 17b] 1A-1D are schematic diagrams of various Porro prisms. [Figure 17c] 1A-1D are schematic diagrams of various Porro prisms. [Figure 17d] 1A-1D are schematic diagrams of various Porro prisms. [Figure 18a] 1A-1D are schematic diagrams of various diamond prisms. [Figure 18b] 1A-1D are schematic diagrams of various diamond prisms. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0033] The technical solutions of the present invention will be described below clearly and completely with reference to the drawings, and of course the described embodiments are not all embodiments but only some embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, any other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0034] In describing the present invention, the orientations or positional relationships indicated by terms such as "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," "outer," etc., are based on those shown in the accompanying drawings and are merely for facilitating and simplifying the description of the present invention, and do not indicate or suggest that the designated device or element has a particular orientation or must be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, terms such as "first," "second," "third," etc., are for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. Example 1:

[0035] As shown in Fig. 1, the surgical microscope comprises a microscope body 1, a steering extender 2 and a binocular tube 3, the steering extender 2 is connected to the microscope body 1, and the binocular tube 3 is connected to the steering extender 2. As shown in Fig. 4c, the binocular tube 3 and the steering extender 2 may be detachably connected to each other, for example, by a positioning hole 30 and a locking hole 20. The binocular tube 3 comprises a rotating connection part 31, which can rotate and adjust the binocular tube 3 relative to the steering extender 2 in a vertical direction. The rotating connection part 31 is a common structure of the binocular tube, and is not related to the inventive point of this application, so it will not be described here repeatedly.

[0036] A corresponding optical structure is provided in the surgical microscope, which comprises a deflection means and a binocular means arranged in order in the direction of the optical path, the deflection means being arranged in the steering extender 2 and the binocular means being arranged in the binocular tube 3.

[0037] As shown in Figures 4a and 4b, the turning means comprises a right-angle roof prism 40, a fixed sheet 21 is provided within the steering extender 2, and the right-angle roof prism 40 is provided on the fixed sheet 21, that is, in this embodiment, the right-angle roof prism 40 is used as an optical path conversion element.

[0038] As shown in Figure 3a, the deflection means in the conventional optical structure uses a pentaprism 52. Comparing the two, the optical path length of the pentaprism 52 (shown in Figure 14) is 3.41D0 (D0 is the clear aperture of the prism), while the optical path length of the right-angle roof prism 40 (shown in Figures 15a and 15b) is 1.73D0. The optical path length of the right-angle roof prism 40 is shorter than that of the pentaprism 52 by 1.68D0. When calculated based on the minimum clear aperture of 18 mm, the optical path length of the right-angle roof prism 40 is shorter than that of the pentaprism 52 by 30.24 mm (corresponding to an air gap of approximately 20 mm).

[0039] If the optical axis folding point of the right-angle roof prism 40 employed in this application is higher than the midpoint and the optical axis is raised by the same distance, its edge is closer to the fixed surface than the pentaprism 52 (as shown in FIG. 16), and the air gap is further shortened; calculated at the minimum clear aperture of 18 mm, the 13.2 mm air gap is replaced by glass, shortening the air gap by approximately 4.5 mm.

[0040] Therefore, using the right-angle roof prism 40 in this parallel optical path significantly shortens the optical path, greatly reduces the projection height of the chief ray of the edge field, effectively alleviates edge vignetting, and avoids the edge of the image from being dimmed or blocked.

[0041] 6, the binocular lens means includes a prism / lens group, a first right-angle prism 45, a second right-angle prism 46, a field lens 47, an aperture 48, and an eyepiece lens 49, which are arranged in this order in the optical path direction. Here, the prism / lens group is an angle-adjustable prism / lens group, and the angle-adjustable prism / lens group is arranged in the rotating connection part 31. In this embodiment, the angle-adjustable prism / lens group includes a third right-angle prism 41, a small objective lens 42, a fourth right-angle prism 43, and a fifth right-angle prism 44.

[0042] As shown in Figure 5, the overall optical structure is arranged in the direction of the optical path in order: a right-angle roof prism 40, a third right-angle prism 41, a small objective lens 42, a fourth right-angle prism 43, a fifth right-angle prism 44, a first right-angle prism 45, a second right-angle prism 46, a field lens 47, an aperture 48, and an eyepiece 49. The object beam is inverted 180 degrees through the right-angle roof prism 40, passes through the third right-angle prism 41, the small objective lens 42, the fourth right-angle prism 43, the fifth right-angle prism 44, the first right-angle prism 45, the second right-angle prism 46, and the field lens 47, and then further inverted 180 degrees, thereby forming an erect real image at the aperture 48 and being observed by the eyepiece 49.

[0043] As shown in FIG. 3a, the binoculars means of the optical structure of the prior art uses a Polo prism 540. Compared with the first right-angle prism 45 and the second right-angle prism 46 of the present application, the Polo prism 540 is composed of three prisms glued together, and the left and right combinations need to be distinguished. The processing, assembly and modification are all relatively complicated and costly. At the same time, the focal length of the miniature objective lens 42 in the conventional binoculars tube is generally 170mm. Due to the needs of the subsequent optical path structure, the optical path length of the Polo prism 540 in particular is too long, and it is necessary to add a thick meniscus lens 53 to move the optical principal surface of the miniature objective lens 42 backward. However, the thick meniscus lens 53 is difficult to center, the radius of curvature is very sensitive, the tolerance requirements are strict, and the processing and manufacturing costs are high.

[0044] The use of two right-angle prisms (first right-angle prism 45 and second right-angle prism 46) in this application makes assembly and adjustment easier, the spacing distance is adjustable, and it is convenient to adjust the range of the interpupillary distance. In addition, according to the optical path, the aperture of the first right-angle prism 45 can be made smaller for the convenience of designing and assembling the mechanical structure. At the same time, the small objective lens greatly shortens the subsequent optical path length, and there is no need to add a separate thick meniscus lens for adjusting the image plane position, which simplifies the system and reduces costs.

[0045] In this embodiment, The miniature objective lens 42 is a first double cemented lens set (two lenses) with positive focal power, and 50mm<|f G1 |<200mm, and

number

[0046] Field lens 47 is a single lens with minus focal power.

[0047] The eyepiece 49 is a single lens, a second double cemented lens set (two lenses) arranged in order in the optical path direction, and 0.5 <f L3 / f G1 <2 where f L3 is the focal length of the second doublet lens set.

[0048] As shown in FIG. 6 and Table 1, the optical parameters of the binocular lens means in this embodiment are provided. [Table 1]

[0049] Here, the radius is the radius of curvature of the lens surface, the thickness is the thickness at the center of the lens, Nd is the refractive index of d light (wavelength 589.3 nm) in commonly used optical glass, and Vd is the Abbe number.

[0050] The optical structure design used in this embodiment is “inverted image-inverted image”, which shortens the internal optical path by about half compared with the conventional optical structure of FIG. 3a, further contributing to reducing the vignetting of the observed optical path, avoiding the mirror phenomenon by two internal reflections, and rotating the image by 180 degrees, which can eliminate the inverted prism in the subsequent binocular lens means, and has a simple structure and low cost. Example 2:

[0051] This embodiment is almost the same as the first embodiment, except that in this embodiment, a diamond prism 50 is used in the binocular lens means instead of the first right angle prism 45 and the second right angle prism 46 in the first embodiment.

[0052] As shown in Figures 7 and 8, the overall optical structure is composed of a right-angle roof prism 40, a third right-angle prism 41, a small objective lens 42, a fourth right-angle prism 43, a fifth right-angle prism 44, a diamond prism 50, a field lens 47, an aperture 48 and an eyepiece 49 arranged in that order in the direction of the optical path. The object beam is inverted 180 degrees through the right-angle roof prism 40, and after passing through the third right-angle prism 41, the small objective lens 42, the fourth right-angle prism 43, the fifth right-angle prism 44 and the diamond prism 50, it continues to be inverted 180 degrees to form an erect real image, which is then observed by the eyepiece 49 via the field lens 47 and the aperture 48.

[0053] As shown in FIG. 3a, the binocular lens means of the optical structure of the prior art uses a Polo prism 540, and compared with the diamond prism 50 of the present application, the optical path length of the Polo prism 540 is 4D0, while the optical path length of the diamond prism 50 is 2D0, and the optical path length of the diamond prism 50 is shorter than that of the Polo prism 540 by 2D0, and when calculated at the minimum clear aperture of 22 mm, the optical path length of the diamond prism 50 is shorter than that of the Polo prism 540 by 44 mm.

[0054] The diamond prism 50 used in the present application has matching left and right prisms as shown in Figs. 18a and 18b, and is relatively easy to process, assemble and modify at low cost.

[0055] As shown in FIG. 8 and Table 2, the optical parameters of the binocular means in this embodiment are provided. [Table 2] Example 3:

[0056] This embodiment is almost the same as embodiment 1, except that in this embodiment, the binocular tube is a straight binocular tube 3', as shown in Fig. 9. The straight binocular tube 3' does not have a rotating connection part 31, and the optical axis of the eyepiece 49 and the optical axis of the miniature objective lens 42 remain parallel to each other, and the straight binocular tube 3' and the steering extender 2 are directly connected, but the straight binocular tube 3' also cannot be rotated vertically relative to the steering extender 2. In this case, the prism / lens group only includes the miniature objective lens 42.

[0057] As shown in FIG. 10, the binocular lens means is made up of a small objective lens 42, a first rectangular prism 45, a second rectangular prism 46, a field lens 47, an aperture 48 and an eyepiece lens 49, which are arranged in this order in the optical path direction.

[0058] As shown in FIG. 3b, the binocular lens means of the optical structure of the prior art uses a Polo prism 541. Compared with the first right-angle prism 45 and the second right-angle prism 46 of the present application, the Polo prism 541 is composed of two large right-angle prisms glued together, and the left and right combinations need to be distinguished. It takes up a large structural space, is heavy, and the processing, assembly and modification are relatively complicated and costly.

[0059] The use of two right-angle prisms (i.e., the first right-angle prism 45 and the second right-angle prism 46 of the present application) in the present application makes the assembly and adjustment easier, the spacing distance is adjustable, the adjustment of the interpupillary distance range is convenient, the design and assembly of the mechanical structure is convenient, the space occupied is small, the weight is light, the processing, assembly and modification are convenient and the cost is low. Example 4:

[0060] This embodiment is almost the same as embodiment 1, with the difference being that in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 11, the binocular tube is a 45° oblique binocular tube 3″. The oblique binocular tube 3″ does not have a rotating connection part 31, and the optical axis of the eyepiece 49 and the optical axis of the miniature objective lens 42 maintain a 45° angle, and the oblique binocular tube 3″ and the steering extender 2 are directly connected, but the oblique binocular tube 3″ also cannot be rotated and adjusted vertically relative to the steering extender 2. In this case, the prism / lens group includes a miniature objective lens 42 and a half pentaprism 51, and the miniature objective lens 42 and the half pentaprism 51 are arranged in order in the optical path direction.

[0061] As shown in FIG. 12, the binocular lens means comprises a small objective lens 42, a half pentaprism 51, a first rectangular prism 45, a field lens 47, a second rectangular prism 46, an aperture 48 and an eyepiece lens 49 arranged in this order in the optical path direction.

[0062] Compared with the Schmidt roof prism 55 used in the optical structure shown in FIG. 13, the half pentaprism 51 used in this embodiment is relatively easy to process, assemble, and modify, and the cost is low.

[0063] The above examples are merely for the purpose of illustrating the technical ideas and features of the present invention, and are intended to allow those skilled in the art to understand and practice the contents of the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any equivalent changes or modifications substantially made according to the idea of ​​the present invention shall be included in the scope of protection of the present invention. [Explanation of symbols]

[0064] 1 Microscope body 2 Steering Extender 20 Lock hole 21 Fixed seat 3 Binocular Tube 3' Straight Binocular Tube 3'' Angled Binocular Tube 30 Positioning hole 31 Rotating connection parts 40 Right angle roof prism 41 Third right angle prism 42 Small Objective Lens 43 Fourth right angle prism 44 5th Right Angle Prism 45 First right angle prism 46 Second Right Angle Prism 47 Field Lens 48 Aperture 49 Eyepiece 50 Diamond Prism 51 Half Penta Prism 52 Pentaprism 53 Meniscus Lens 540 Porro Prism 541 Porro Prism 55 Schmidt roof prism

Claims

1. An optical structure of a surgical microscope comprising a deflection means and a binocular lens means, which are arranged in order in the direction of an optical path, The deflection means comprises a right-angle roof prism; The binocular lens means includes a prism / lens group, a first right-angle prism, a second right-angle prism, and an eyepiece lens, which are arranged in this order in the optical path direction, and the prism / lens group includes a miniature objective lens.

1. An optical structure of a surgical microscope.

2. The object beam is inverted 180 degrees through the right-angle roof prism, passes through the prism / lens group, the first right-angle prism, and the second right-angle prism, and is then inverted 180 degrees again to form an erect real image, which is then observed through the eyepiece.

2. The optical arrangement of a surgical microscope according to claim 1.

3. The prism / lens group is an angle adjustable prism / lens group.

2. The optical arrangement of a surgical microscope according to claim 1.

4. The angle-adjustable prism / lens group further includes a third right-angle prism, a fourth right-angle prism, and a fifth right-angle prism, and the third right-angle prism, the small objective lens, the fourth right-angle prism, and the fifth right-angle prism are arranged in order in the optical path direction.

4. The optical arrangement of a surgical microscope according to claim 3.

5. The third right-angle prism and the fifth right-angle prism can rotate relative to the fourth right-angle prism around the optical axis, and the rotation angles are always equal.

5. The optical arrangement of a surgical microscope according to claim 4.

6. The objective prism / lens group includes a half pentaprism, and the small objective lens and the half pentaprism are arranged in order in the optical path direction.

2. The optical arrangement of a surgical microscope according to claim 1.

7. The prism / lens group does not include a meniscus lens.

2. The optical arrangement of a surgical microscope according to claim 1.

8. the miniature objective lens comprises a first double cemented lens set having a positive focal power; and 50mm < | f Ｇ１ | < 200 mm, and [0030] where f Ｇ１ is the focal length of the first double cemented lens set, R １ is the radius of curvature of the cemented surface of the first double cemented lens set, φ １ is the effective aperture of the joint surface 2. The optical arrangement of a surgical microscope according to claim 1.

9. The eyepiece lens includes a second double cemented lens set and a single lens arranged in order in the optical path direction; and 0.5<f Ｌ３ / f Ｇ１ <2 where f Ｌ３ is the focal length of the second double cemented lens set 9. The optical arrangement of a surgical microscope according to claim 8.

10. The binocular means further comprises a field lens which is a single lens.

2. The optical arrangement of a surgical microscope according to claim 1.

11. The binocular means further comprises an aperture.

2. The optical arrangement of a surgical microscope according to claim 1.

12. The binocular lens means further includes a field lens and an aperture, and the small objective lens, the first rectangular prism, the second rectangular prism, the field lens, the aperture and the eyepiece lens are arranged in this order in the optical path direction.

2. The optical arrangement of a surgical microscope according to claim 1.

13. The prism / lens group further comprises a third right-angle prism, a fourth right-angle prism and a fifth right-angle prism, the binocular lens means further comprises a field lens and an aperture, and the third right-angle prism, the small objective lens, the fourth right-angle prism, the fifth right-angle prism, the first right-angle prism, the second right-angle prism, the field lens, the aperture and the eyepiece are arranged in order in the optical path direction.

2. The optical arrangement of a surgical microscope according to claim 1.

14. The prism / lens group further includes a half pentaprism, and the small objective lens, the half pentaprism, the first right-angle prism, the field lens, the second right-angle prism, the aperture, and the eyepiece are arranged in order in the optical path direction.

2. The optical arrangement of a surgical microscope according to claim 1.

15. An optical structure of a surgical microscope comprising a deflection means and a binocular lens means, which are arranged in order in the direction of an optical path, The deflection means comprises a right-angle roof prism; The binocular lens means comprises a prism / lens group, a diamond prism and an eyepiece lens arranged in sequence in the optical path direction, the prism / lens group comprising a miniature objective lens.

1. An optical structure of a surgical microscope.

16. The object beam is inverted 180 degrees through the right-angle roof prism, passes through the prism / lens group and the diamond prism, and is then inverted 180 degrees again to generate an erect real image, which is observed through the eyepiece.

16. The optical arrangement of a surgical microscope according to claim 15.

17. The prism / lens group further comprises a third right-angle prism, a fourth right-angle prism and a fifth right-angle prism, the binocular lens means further comprises a field lens and an aperture, and the third right-angle prism, the small objective lens, the fourth right-angle prism, the fifth right-angle prism, the diamond prism, the field lens, the aperture and the eyepiece are arranged in order in the optical path direction.

16. The optical arrangement of a surgical microscope according to claim 15.

18. A surgical microscope comprising a microscope body, a steering extender and a binocular lens tube, the steering extender being connected to the microscope body, and the binocular lens tube being connected to the steering extender, The surgical microscope further comprises an optical arrangement according to any one of claims 1 to 17, wherein the turning means is provided in the steering extender and the binocular means is provided in the binocular tube. A surgical microscope characterized by:

19. The binoculars tube has a rotating connection part connected to the steering extender and rotated and adjusted in a direction perpendicular to the steering extender, and the prism / lens group is an angle-adjustable prism / lens group, and the angle-adjustable prism / lens group is provided within the rotating connection part.

20. A surgical microscope as claimed in claim 18.

20. The binocular tube is a straight binocular tube 20. A surgical microscope as claimed in claim 18.

21. The binocular tube is a 45° diagonal binocular tube 20. A surgical microscope as claimed in claim 18.

22. A fixed sheet is provided within the steering extender, and the right-angle roof prism is provided on the fixed sheet.

20. A surgical microscope as claimed in claim 18.

23. The binocular lens tube and the steering extender are detachably connected to each other.

20. A surgical microscope as claimed in claim 18.

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