stockings

Abstract

A stocking 10 is provided having a foot portion 11 for receiving a human foot, a support element 14 being positioned on a plantar region 13 of the foot portion such that the support element is located under at least one metatarsal bone when the stocking is worn, the support element having a curvature 15 facing the inside of the stocking.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a stocking having a foot part for receiving a human foot. [Background technology]

[0002] Bunions or other foot malpositions often occur as a result of improper footwear. If the deformity is severe, it can only be corrected by surgical treatment. Measures to prevent and correct the deformity early are very important. Measures for this, such as corrective shoes, are often unsightly and each shoe is relatively expensive. A cheap measure that is flexibly applicable is to adhere an elastic tape to the skin of the foot. The tape can easily cause the skin to blister, and therefore this measure is often not suitable for long-term use. European Patent No. EP 3429514 B1 discloses a medical stocking that can be used to treat foot deformities such as hammer toes. The medical stocking has at least two separate chambers to accommodate the toes, the first chamber accommodates only the big toe, and has various elastic tension bands, one of which extends laterally over the foot from the big toe to the heel. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] European Patent No. EP 3429514 B1 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] The object of the present invention was to provide an alternative solution for the treatment or prevention of foot deformities, or at least for foot comfort. A more particular object of the present invention was to provide an easy-to-use means. In particular, the present invention is intended to avoid the drawbacks of known means for correcting foot deformities.

[0005] In particular, the present invention is aimed at attracting consumers reluctant to use conventional orthopedic products by providing a means for correcting or preventing foot deformities that does not require the assistance of a professional for application, and preferably does not require additional adhesives, tapes, etc. for correct application. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] According to the invention, this object is solved by a stocking according to claim 1. The stocking according to the invention has a foot part for accommodating a human foot. In the context of the present invention, the term stocking should be understood to mean lifestyle or health stockings, stockings of any length, or even tights, as long as the stocking can accommodate at least one foot in the foot part. The foot part comprises an area for accommodating the toes, an area for accommodating the midfoot, and an area for accommodating the heel. Depending on the length, the stocking does not comprise a leg part or comprises a leg part that extends above the ankle, below the knee, above the thigh, above the buttocks, etc. The support element is positioned on the plantar area of ​​the foot part such that when the stocking is worn, the support element is located under at least one of the metatarsals. For example, the support element may be positioned under all five metatarsals. For example, the support element may be located under a single metatarsal bone from metatarsal bones 1 to 5, or under a group of metatarsals. The support element has a curvature facing towards the inside of the stocking.

[0007] The inventors have realized that the support elements in the soft version already have a comfortable effect of preventing pressure points. This can provide a comfortable wearing experience when walking and standing. The stockings according to the invention can easily be made thin and flexible to fit snugly in shoes.

[0008] The support element can be divided into one or several parts. A one-piece form of the support element can have an elliptical, oval or circular shape when viewed in a plane, i.e. perpendicular to the sole of the foot. Other rounded organic shapes or angular shapes such as diamonds are also possible. A multi-part form of the support element can have, for example, a part supporting a single metatarsal bone.

[0009] The support element can be made, for example, from medical grade silicone, which allows it to be worn directly on the skin. The support element can include, for example, foam rubber. The support element can have a textile cover. The support element can include textile or even consist entirely of textile material.

[0010] Exemplary embodiments are derived from the features recited in claims 2 to 15.

[0011] In one embodiment, the support element is configured and positioned such that the second through fourth metatarsals are elevated relative to the first and fifth metatarsals when the wearer of the stocking strikes the ground.

[0012] By holding the support elements under the metatarsals 2 to 4 with the stockings, the position of the metatarsals is guided towards the natural shape of the transverse arch position. By wearing the stockings, the occurrence of malpositions can be prevented or existing slight malpositions can be treated.

[0013] The support element can be configured, for example, in the form of a so-called "pellot". Typical dimensions of a support element for an adult foot are, for example, a curve height of 7 millimeters. A width of 3.5 centimeters and a length of 5 centimeters are suitable for this dimensioning.

[0014] In particular, the support element may be dimensioned such that wearing the stocking raises the metatarsals 2 to 4 (metatarsals 2, 3, 4) by 1 to 15 millimeters compared to their position without support from the support element. The amount by which the individual metatarsals are raised may be different for each of metatarsals 2, 3, and 4 and may be within a specified range. For example, it is possible to individually tailor the stocking to a particular wearer by raising the second metatarsal by 5 mm, the third metatarsal by 10 mm, and the fourth metatarsal by 3 mm. The support element may be configured as a less compressible element. Alternatively, the support element may be configured as a thickened portion of padding extending over a larger plantar area, where the thickened portion is located under the metatarsals 2 to 4.

[0015] In one embodiment, the support element (14) is positioned behind the metatarsophalangeal joint when the foot is placed into the stocking.

[0016] This embodiment has the effect of achieving the natural arch shape of the foot in the longitudinal and cross-sectional directions. Moreover, this embodiment prevents pressure points in the particularly sensitive area below the metatarsophalangeal joint. In combination with a variant in which the support element is configured as a thickened portion of the padding, the thickened portion of the padding is placed behind the metatarsophalangeal joint. The remaining padding is positioned below the metatarsophalangeal joint and can even extend forward beyond the metatarsophalangeal joint.

[0017] In one embodiment, the support element comprises a first region having a first height and a second region having a second height, the second region being arranged in islands within the first region or arranged at the edge of the first region, the second height being at least twice as high as the first height.

[0018] The support element may, for example, be configured so that its underside is completely flat and has a uniform transition at the edge and between the two height regions on its upper side, i.e. the side facing the foot. Overall, this forms an area with a height of "0" on the sole of the foot, where the foot rests on the stocking fabric without the support element in between. This forms an area with a height of "1", where a minimal support effect and lifting of the insole is achieved. The area with a height of "1" also has a cushioning effect, so that pressure points in this area can be avoided. This also forms a central area with a height of "2", where a maximum support effect of the support element is provided. The outer shape of the first area may, for example, be arranged so that the first area of ​​the support element extends further forward in the area of ​​the big toe than in the area of ​​the little toe, with the front edge of the first area extending at an angle to the foot axis, so that the toes are placed outside the first area of ​​the support element.

[0019] In particular, this embodiment may be combined with a heel pad and tensioning device, the features of which are described in more detail below.

[0020] In one embodiment, the support element consists of a material having a Shore hardness in the range of 0 to 50. In particular, a Shore hardness close to 5, but also in the range of 4 to 8, is preferred.

[0021] As the inventors have recognized, the support element has good elasticity within this hardness range, i.e., it retains its shape to maintain the support effect even after long periods of walking or standing. On the other hand, the support element is soft enough to be comfortable to wear, provide cushioning and prevent pressure points. In particular, support elements made from silicone rubber with a Shore hardness in the range of 4 to 10, especially with a Shore hardness of 5, are effective as support elements and are comfortable to wear. The support element can be made, for example, from a skin-compatible silicone with a Shore hardness in the range of 4 to 8.

[0022] In one embodiment of the stocking, the length of the plantar region is defined as from a first end for accommodating the toes to a second end for accommodating the heel. The width of the plantar region is defined as perpendicular to the length and parallel to the plantar region. The support element is centered with respect to the width. With respect to the length, the support element is positioned at a distance of 2 / 5 of the length from the first end and at a distance of 3 / 5 of the length from the second end. This type of positioning makes it possible to provide a correct stocking with correctly positioned support elements for different standard shoe sizes. Due to the length of the support element being, for example, about 5 cm, the support element protrudes from the defined position by about 2.5 cm on the front and back, respectively, but its center should be approximately at the defined position. Alternatively, the support element can protrude further back, for example 3.5 to 4.5 cm back from the specified position, resulting in a length of the support element of 6 to 7 cm. In this case, the highest point of the support element (instead of the center point) remains at a measurement position of 2 / 5 from the front and 3 / 5 from the back. Due to this positioning of the support element on the plantar region, the support element lies in the desired position for the purposes of the present invention, under the metatarsals and behind the metatarsophalangeal joints, i.e. slightly towards the heel when viewed from the toes.

[0023] In one embodiment of the stocking, the support element has a teardrop shape when viewed perpendicularly to the plantar region, which is oriented such that a tapered region of the teardrop shape faces towards the heel when the stocking is worn, and the raised region within the teardrop shape has, for example, an oval or organic shape, with the longitudinal extension of the oval or organic shape being oriented in the longitudinal direction of the foot.

[0024] In one embodiment, the stocking has one-piece or multi-piece padding on the plantar area.

[0025] Such padding can extend over a part of the sole or over the entire length and width of the sole. The padding can extend over the area where the metatarsal bones are to rest. In this case, the support elements can be placed above or below the padding or integrated into the padding. In a multi-part version, for example, a separate pad can rest under the heel. Such so-called heel pads cushion a point of the foot where the foot already has a natural cushioning. Such heel cushions can have, for example, a recess in the central area of ​​the pad, which for example is to rest under the heel bone. The padding can be positioned under the forefoot. The padding of the described type can be attached to the inside or outside of the stocking. Further variations of the padding are shown below in connection with the figures.

[0026] In one embodiment of a stocking with padding in the plantar region, at least a portion of the padding is configured as forefoot padding, for example, the forefoot padding is positioned on the plantar region to underlie the metatarsophalangeal joints when the stocking is worn.

[0027] This forefoot padding under the metatarsophalangeal joints 1-5 is shock and rolling absorbing. It absorbs pressure peaks from the metatarsophalangeal joints and cushions the joints.

[0028] In one embodiment of the stocking, the foot part of the stocking comprises a tension element, which is arranged in or integrated in the foot part, so that when the stocking is put on, it extends around the midfoot and exerts a contraction force on the midfoot, which is greater than the contraction force on the remaining part of the foot. Due to the use of elastic material and the slightly smaller dimensioning compared to the foot, the remaining foot part, i.e. that part of the foot part which does not belong to the tension element, can also be pulled slightly in the opposite direction of the foot by the contraction force, which corresponds to the normal stretching effect of the stocking. The tension element in the sense of the present invention also exerts a higher tension force acting locally in the region of the midfoot. This tension force preserves the effect of the support element for straightening the arch formed by the metatarsals.

[0029] The tension element may for example be connected to the foot part over its surface, for example glued to the outside of the stocking. Alternatively, the tension element, or at least a part of the tension element, may be integrated into the foot part, for example knitted or woven. The tension element may also be attached to the stocking in other ways, for example glued, welded, sewn, riveted, etc. The tension element may also be manufactured as a cast part, for example inserted or attached in the stocking as an independent element.

[0030] For example, the tensioning elements may be limited to a zone around the midfoot, approximately 4 cm wide or 2 to 6 cm wide depending on the size of the foot, leaving zones in the toe area and areas around the foot and heel area free of tensioning elements.

[0031] In one embodiment of the stocking with tension elements, the tension elements comprise strap-shaped sections that converge crisscross in the plantar region, or run parallel in the plantar region, or converge crisscross in the instep region.

[0032] In one embodiment of the stocking, the tensioning elements include straps that have a figure eight shape when unwound.

[0033] The cross-shaped area of ​​the figure eight comes to rest under the sole of the foot. The loop of the eight wraps around the midfoot on both sides. The loops do not touch the instep area of ​​the foot. The elastic material in the area between the loops allows stretching forces to occur. The strap-shaped portion of the figure eight has the effect of a mounted brace, which reduces the angle of the metatarsophalangeal joint to the second toe line and prevents the metatarsophalangeal joint from shifting out of position.

[0034] The inventors have realized that this shape interacts particularly effectively with the support elements. In particular, the support muscles of the arch of the foot are highly strengthened. The distribution of tension / pressure on the foot is advantageously distributed by the figure-of-eight sling. Surprisingly, this shape minimizes slippage of the tension elements on the foot by simple means. Furthermore, the inventors have realized that this shape allows for an attractive design of the stockings, especially when the tension elements stand out from the rest of the stocking in terms of color, contrast or opacity / transparency.

[0035] In an alternative embodiment, the tension element is topologically double-linked, i.e. topologically equivalent to a ring. In this embodiment, in contrast to the tension elements described above, the tension element does not have a cross-shaped convergence point. The tension element in this embodiment can be configured such that, when the stocking is worn, the tension element runs, as it were, laterally under the foot in two sub-plantar tracks, which are connected above the instep by an arc lying to the left and an arc lying to the right, without the two arcs touching each other. In another version of the topologically double-linked tension element, the tension element forms a kind of tubular section that runs around the midfoot. When the stocking is worn, such a tension element wraps around the foot in the metatarsal region, runs under the foot and closes over the instep. The tension element can also have a width of, for example, about 2 to 6 cm.

[0036] In one embodiment of a stocking having a tension element, the tension element comprises a first circumferential band section extending around the foot portion that is less extensible than the remainder of the foot portion, the tension element further comprising a second elastic section, the first and second sections together forming a closed ring.

[0037] The contraction force comes from the elastic section, but the first section of the tension element transmits this force and prevents the stocking from bending at the point of the first section. This allows a localized force effect in the area of ​​the metatarsus. The fact that the first section is band-like means that the force is applied over a large area and pressure points are avoided.

[0038] This embodiment may in particular be combined with the embodiment described above with a tension element having a figure eight shape, the first strip section having a figure eight shape.

[0039] In one embodiment, the stocking comprises a fastening element that at least partially encircles the metatarsus and is configured to exert a lateral force on the foot when the stocking is worn.

[0040] Such a clasp element is an alternative solution to the tension element, which exerts a force on the metatarsus through the inherent tension of the clasp element. In contrast to the tension element, the clasp element may be open on one side, for example above the instep. The clasp element may be, for example, C-shaped.

[0041] The invention further relates to a stocking according to claim 16.

[0042] Stockings of this type have a plantar area with padding in the region of the forefoot, i.e. in the region of the so-called ball of the foot, in which the metatarsophalangeal joints of the toes are also located. The inventors have realized that the mere presence of a forefoot pad in the stockings makes them very comfortable to wear. The stockings according to claim 16 may be combined with any of the features according to claims 1 to 15. In particular, the padding in the stockings according to claim 16 may be placed below the metatarsophalangeal joints when the stockings are worn.

[0043] The invention further relates to a method according to claim 17 and to a method according to claim 18.

[0044] A manufacturing method for producing stockings according to the invention, said manufacturing method comprising the steps of: - providing a stocking cover made from a woven fabric, the stocking cover having a foot portion with an inner surface; - providing a support element; - mounting a support element to an inner surface of the foot portion of the stocking cover.

[0045] The installation steps are: - fastening technology with welding of supporting elements to the inner surface, - fastening technology for gluing the supporting elements to the inner surface, - fastening techniques in which the support element is covered with a textile surface and the textile surface is fastened, in particular by sewing, gluing or bonding, to the inner surface along the edge of the support element; - a fastening technique in which the supporting element is covered with a shrink film and the textile surface is welded to the inner surface by applying heat, pressure or laser radiation; - fastening technique, in which the supporting elements are sewn directly onto the inner surface; - a fastening technique in which the supporting element is covered or the edges of the supporting element are partially covered with a compound that hardens or adheres due to heat or any other influence. The present invention may involve the use of one of the following:

[0046] For embodiments including one padding element or multiple padding elements, the same fastening techniques may be used as described above for fastening the support element, for example, the support element, or optionally also the padding, may first be partially surrounded or folded over by the textile surface and then joined together with the textile surface to the stocking cover.

[0047] In an alternative manufacturing method for producing a stocking according to the invention, said manufacturing method comprises: - providing a stocking cover made from a woven fabric, the stocking cover having a foot portion with an inner surface; - providing a casting tool having a negative mould for containing a liquid precursor of a material for the support element; - stretching the stocking cover with the inside of the foot portion facing the negative mould; - filling a liquid precursor of a material for the support element into the negative mould, the liquid precursor being in contact with the inner surface; - hardening the liquid precursor to form a solid support element.

[0048] In this alternative manufacturing method, the support element is not provided before the fastening, but is formed only by hardening of the liquid precursor material, for example by polymerization and / or vulcanization. In the simplest variant, this forms a connection with the inner surface of the foot part. The wearable shape of the stocking can be achieved by turning the stocking cover inside out.

[0049] In a variant of this manufacturing method, the mould can be positioned so that the particular shape of the mould, which will later face towards the foot, faces downwards in the direction of gravity. In this configuration, the liquid starting material reshapes the negative mould particularly precisely.

[0050] In another variant of this manufacturing method, the mould can be positioned such that the negative mould is positioned above the inner surface when viewed in the direction of gravity. In this variant, there is particularly good contact between the inner surface of the textile and the liquid precursor, so that the support element is firmly attached to a point on the inner surface where it is formed by hardening.

[0051] In a further variant, the textile layer can be inserted into the negative mould before it is filled with the precursor material. In this variant, the support element is formed as a kind of pocket between the inner textile layer and the additional textile layer. This variant of the manufacturing method produces a stocking in which the foot does not directly touch the support element, which is sometimes more comfortable for the user.

[0052] In a further modification, an adhesive film can be applied to the side of the negative mould where attachment to the inner surface of the foot portion takes place before it is filled with the precursor material. Depending on the material of the support element, a stronger adhesion to the inner surface can be achieved by using an adhesive film than can be achieved by mere contact upon curing. In a further step, the adhesive film is glued to the inside of the stocking, thus fixing the support element in place.

[0053] If the support element is made of a silicone-based material, in a further modification, silicone threads can be woven into the textile stocking cover, especially at the point where the support element is connected to the inner surface. This modification forms a particularly stable connection between the inner surface and the support element, for example made of silicone rubber. More generally and not specifically related to silicone, textile threads coated with adhesive can be incorporated into the textile stocking cover, whereby the stocking cover and the support element can then be bonded with heat or another suitable post-treatment.

[0054]

[19] The invention further relates to a kit according to claim 19, namely a kit for producing a stocking according to the invention.

[0055] The kit according to the invention provides the essential components of a stocking, namely a textile stocking cover and a support element. Optionally, the kit may also include fastening means, e.g. an adhesive suitable for fastening the support element to the stocking.

[0056] In summary, the present invention provides high quality stockings or socks that can be used to treat flat feet and the resulting conditions, such as bunions, hammer toes and claw toe tenosynovitis, metatarsalgia, Morton's neuroma, and bursitis. In addition to potentially treating acute flat feet and bunions, the stockings can also be used preventatively. Regular wearing of the stockings can prevent the onset of deformities or slow the progression of mild deformities. They can be used during daily life, sports, and work. The stockings can also be designed to be used as an easy-to-use, non-bulky, and unobtrusive treatment aid.

[0057] The stocking according to the invention can be designed to be worn with all shoes. It can be fashionable and have an elegant and simple design. When the stocking thus designed is worn, it conveys a lifestyle and is comfortable to walk in. The effect is immediately noticeable. The stocking according to the invention can be designed to be highly durable. Also, washing in a washing machine can be achieved by using the elements of the stocking according to the invention.

[0058] In contrast to the prior art medical stocking according to EP 3429514 B1, this stocking does not require a separate chamber for the big toe or other toes to be effective. The stocking according to the invention does not require lateral or medial tension bands and tension bands around the heel that put pressure on the Achilles tendon can be avoided.

[0059] Exemplary embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to the figures. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0060] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view showing a stocking according to the present invention. [Figure 2.a)] FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view through the metatarsal illustrating the effect of a support element for comparison with the absence of a support element. [Figure 2.b)] FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view through the metatarsal illustrating the effect of the support element when present. [Diagram 3] FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view showing one embodiment of a stocking. [Figure 4] FIG. 13 is a plan view showing dimensions for determining the position of the support and tension elements with respect to the foot. [Diagram 5] FIG. 13 is a schematic perspective view showing a modification of the tension element; [Figure 6] FIG. 13 is a schematic perspective view showing modifications of position and shape padding. [Figure 7] FIG. 13 is a perspective view including plantar views of two examples. [Figure 8.a)] 13A-13D show variations in the arrangement of support elements and padding, respectively in a horizontal plane and in a longitudinal section through the foot. [Figure 8.b)] 13A-13D show variations in the arrangement of support elements and padding, respectively in a horizontal plane and in a longitudinal section through the foot. [Figure 8.c)] 13A-13D show variations in the arrangement of support elements and padding, respectively in a horizontal plane and in a longitudinal section through the foot. [Figure 9] FIG. 13 is a perspective view of one embodiment of a stocking with additional height information. [Figure 10] FIG. 13 shows the dimensioning of one variation of the arrangement of pads and support elements with respect to the anatomical features of the foot as viewed from a horizontal plane. [Figure 11.a)] FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing the effect of a tension element on the alignment of the bones of the foot, particularly the metatarsals. [Figure 11.b)]FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing the effect of a tension element on the alignment of the bones of the foot, particularly the metatarsals. [Figure 12.a)] 1A-1D are schematic side views illustrating method steps of a manufacturing method. [Figure 12.b)] 1A-1D are schematic perspective views illustrating method steps of a manufacturing method; [Figure 12.c)] 1A-1D are schematic perspective views illustrating method steps of a manufacturing method; [Figure 12.d)] 1A-1D are schematic side views illustrating method steps of a manufacturing method. [Figure 12.e)] 1A-1D are schematic perspective views illustrating method steps of a manufacturing method; [Figure 12.f)] 1A-1D are schematic perspective views illustrating method steps of a manufacturing method; [Figure 12.g)] 1A-1D are schematic cross-sectional views illustrating method steps of a manufacturing method. [Figure 12.h)] 1A-1D are schematic cross-sectional views illustrating method steps of a manufacturing method. [Figure 13.a)] 5A-5C are schematic side views illustrating alternative method steps of the manufacturing method. [Figure 13.b)] 1A-1C are schematic perspective views illustrating alternative method steps of the manufacturing method; [Figure 13.c)] 1A-1C are schematic perspective views illustrating alternative method steps of the manufacturing method; [Figure 14.a)] 1A-1C are schematic perspective views illustrating alternative method steps of the manufacturing method; [Figure 14.b)] 1A-1C are schematic perspective views illustrating alternative method steps of the manufacturing method; [Figure 15.a)] 11A and 11B are vertical cross-sectional views showing a modified embodiment of a manufacturing method using a mold. [Figure 15.b)] 11A and 11B are vertical cross-sectional views showing a modified embodiment of a manufacturing method using a mold. [Figure 15.c)] 11A and 11B are vertical cross-sectional views showing a modified embodiment of a manufacturing method using a mold. [Figure 16.a)] 11 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a further modification of the manufacturing method using a mold. [Figure 16.b)] 11 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a further modification of the manufacturing method using a mold. [Figure 16.c)]FIG. 13 is a side view showing a further modification of the manufacturing method using a mold. [Figure 16.d)] FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing a further modification of the manufacturing method using a mold. [Figure 16.e)] FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing a further modification of the manufacturing method using a mold. [Figure 17.a)] FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing a further variation of the manufacturing method. [Figure 17.b)] FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing a further variation of the manufacturing method. [Figure 18] 11A-11C are schematic side views showing further variations of the manufacturing method. [Figure 19.a)] 11A-11C are perspective views showing steps in a modified manufacturing method; [Figure 19.b)] 11A-11C are perspective views showing steps in a modified manufacturing method; [Figure 19.c)] 11A-11C are perspective views showing steps in a modified manufacturing method; [Figure 19.d)] 11A-11C are perspective views showing steps in a modified manufacturing method; [Figure 20.a)] 11A-11C are perspective views showing intermediate stages in a modified manufacturing method; [Figure 20.b)] 11A-11C are perspective views showing intermediate stages in a modified manufacturing method; [Figure 20.c)] 11A-11C are perspective views showing intermediate stages in a modified manufacturing method; [Figure 21.a)] 13A and 13B are perspective views showing intermediate states in a second modified embodiment of the manufacturing method. [Figure 21.b)] 13A and 13B are perspective views showing intermediate states in a second modified embodiment of the manufacturing method. [Figure 21.c)] 13A and 13B are perspective views showing intermediate states in a second modified embodiment of the manufacturing method. [Figure 22] 13 is a flow chart showing a further modification of the manufacturing method. [Figure 23] FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a stocking. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0061] FIG. 1 shows a stocking 10 according to the invention, which is shown in transparency to illustrate the position of the support element 14 on the plantar region 13 of the foot part 11. The stocking illustrated has an optional leg part 12. A first end 16 and a second end 17 of the plantar region are shown here for the orientation relevant to the embodiment. When the stocking is worn, the toe is located at the first end 16 and the heel is located at the second end 17. The support element 14 has a curvature 15 in the direction of the inside of the stocking, and the possible geometry of the curvature is visible by lines on the support element. These lines are for illustrative purposes only. The shape of the plantar region 13 is shown by a dashed line. The length L and width B of the plantar region are each indicated by a dashed double arrow. The shape of the stocking is shown here as if it were worn on the left foot, but is not actually shown.

[0062] Fig. 2.a) shows the position of the metatarsals in the case of malalignment. Fig. 2.b) shows the effect of a support element 14 positioned under the metatarsals 2, 3, 4. The natural arch shape of the bone arrangement is created by a local upward force on the metatarsals, as indicated by the arrows. For the sake of clarity, the stocking to which the support element 14 according to the invention is attached is not shown here. The view direction is from the front towards the right foot. The area behind the metatarsals and the other bones in the area of ​​the ankle are shown with respect to their orientation.

[0063] FIG. 3 shows an embodiment of a stocking combining various features of the embodiments described above. A multipart padding 18 and a tension element 19 interact with the support element 14. The padding comprises a forefoot pad 18′, located in front of the support element. The padding further comprises a heel pad 18″. The tension element has a strap-shaped portion 21 in the shape of a figure eight, which converges in a cross-like manner at a point in the plantar region. Elastic fibers, not shown in the stocking, are for example woven between the loops of the figure eight, which close the tension element 19 when the stocking is worn, forming a ring that runs around the midfoot. This tension element generates a force effect on the metatarsals, which further supports the lifting by the support element.

[0064] In FIG. 4, dimensions are shown in a plan view, which can be used to determine the position of the support element 14, here in the form of a teardrop-shaped pad, and the tension element, here in the form of a cross-shaped convergence band, with respect to the foot. The width B is transverse to the length L and is divided into five equal sections of length 1 / 5L for orientation. Measured from the heel in the longitudinal direction, the dimension M defines the most forward permissible position for the embodiment in which the support element should be positioned behind the metatarsophalangeal joint of the toe. The dimension A defines the center of the support element 14. The dimension C defines the front line of the position of the tension element. The dimensions A and C are also measured from the heel in the longitudinal direction of the foot part. Adjustments to feet of different sizes may be made using shoe sizes, which are grouped together, for example as follows:

[0065] [Table 1]

[0066] In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the support element 14 will be located under the group of metatarsals including the second and third metatarsals. This is a relatively small support element, the center of which is defined here by the dimension A. For differently shaped or larger support elements, for example with a larger extension in the longitudinal direction, the dimension A can be adjusted accordingly. In particular, it can be taken into account that the support element should not extend under the metatarsophalangeal joints, or even in front of them, when the stocking is put on. In one variant not shown, the tension element can be arranged such that, for example, the tension element on the side of metatarsal 1 (big toe side) is positioned slightly further forward than the side of metatarsal 5 (little toe side). Such a variant can be described by two different dimensions in the order of magnitude of the dimension C. The positions of five metatarsophalangeal joints 41 are shown. The support element 14 is therefore located behind the metatarsophalangeal joints.

[0067] FIG. 5 shows modifications of the tension element 19 in three partial views, from FIG. 5.a) to FIG. 5.c). In the three modifications shown, the tension element completely surrounds the midfoot. In the modification shown in FIG. 5.a), the straps of the tension element converge in a cross shape. A wider surface is formed on the upper side of the instep, distributing the pressure evenly. In the modification according to FIG. 5.b), the loops become two parallel bands at the top and cross on the underside of the foot. In the modification according to FIG. 5.c), the foot is compressed with two loops that run continuously parallel to each other.

[0068] FIG. 6 shows the shape and position of the padding 18 in five parts 6.a) to 6.e). For better clarity, other elements of the stocking according to the invention are shown in partly hidden in this figure. The padding 18 according to FIG. 6.a) is formed in one piece and covers most of the sole of the foot. FIGS. 6.b) and 6.d) show a two-part padding with a forefoot pad 18′ and a heel pad 18″, in the case of FIG. 6.d) the heel pad is ring-shaped or toric. FIG. 6.c) shows a more complex padding with a hole-shaped recess. FIG. 6.e) shows a variant in which the padding 18 is directly connected to the tension element 19. In a variant not shown for the embodiments of FIGS. 6.a), 6.b), 6.d) and 6.e), the padding can extend all the way to the front, i.e. under the toes.

[0069] FIG. 7.a) shows a plantar view for an example where the straps of the tension elements 19 cross over the underside of the foot in a crisscross shape. An example of padding 18 is positioned so that the crossing points of the straps of the tension elements are located under the padding. The padding shown here has a thickened area, not shown, with a curvature towards the inside of the stocking, forming a support element. This is similar to that shown in FIG. 3 and in FIG. 5.a) to FIG. 5.c). The variant of the stocking shown here does not have any heel pad. In a variant not shown, the padding 18 can extend all the way to the front, i.e. under the toes. FIG. 7.b) shows an embodiment with padding 18 as in FIG. 7.a), but without the tension elements.

[0070] FIG. 8.a) shows a first variant of the combination of the support element 14 and the padding 18. On the far left, the shape and arrangement in plan view is shown, the padding 18 is shown in a grey grid as in the next partial view, and the support element is shown in a shaded pattern. In the center, there is the same plan view, but now with the addition of a tread 81, on which the foot steps directly, i.e. without the support effect of padding or support elements. In this case, this tread includes the toe, the heel and the area on the outer edge of the foot. The same first variant is shown on the right in a longitudinal section through the foot. The longitudinal arch 82 of the foot is represented diagrammatically by an arc with an end point in the area of ​​the heel and behind the toe joint. The effect of the support element is to raise the intermediate area of ​​the longitudinal arch, in this case the first third from the left. The support element therefore supports the metatarsals. The padding is positioned to cushion the underside of the foot at a point where impact forces are particularly high and where natural fatty tissue already cushions the foot.

[0071] FIG. 8.b) shows a second variant with a similar representation to the first variant. In contrast, the second variant comprises an additional padding 18″ in the heel area, i.e. two paddings in total, 18′ and 18″. The padding in the heel area is also arranged in a position already naturally padded by adipose tissue.

[0072] Figure 8.c) shows a third variation in which the areas padded in the variation shown in Figure 8.b) are still padded, but the padding is joined to form a continuous, integrally molded surface.

[0073] FIG. 9 shows an embodiment of a stocking with a padding 18 in the heel region and a support element 14 with two height regions. The height levels "0", "1" and "2" are shown diagrammatically on the left front. The hump in the rear region of the support element reaches its maximum height, which in the illustrated embodiment corresponds to about three times the height of the extended plateau 92 of the height position "1" in the front region of the support element. This means that the highest point of the support element projects beyond the plateau of the height level "1" by twice the height of the height level "1". The specific dimensions of the support element can be selected, for example, so that the height position "1" corresponds to a height of 2 to 3 mm and the height position "2" corresponds to a height of 6 to 9 mm - measured from the bottom. In this embodiment, the support element is made from the same material throughout. Advantageously, this may be silicone rubber, for example a silicone rubber with a Shore hardness in the range of 4 to 8, in particular a silicone rubber with a Shore hardness of 5. In the illustrated version, the support element 14, which due to its mode of action may also be described as a lateral flatfoot pad, and the rear padding 18, which also forms a heel pad, are both placed inside the fabric forming the cover of the stocking. The geometry of the front edge and the position of the support element are modelled on the anatomy of the foot so that the toes do not rest on the support element, but instead are modelled so that they come into contact with the fabric of the stocking in the toe area 91 below.

[0074] FIG. 10 is a plan view showing the position and dimensions of the support element 14 with two height regions and the padding 18 in the heel region for an embodiment according to FIG. 9, similar to the dimensions M, B, C, A already shown in FIG. 4 in relation to another embodiment, in relation to the dimensions of the foot. On the right side, the contours of the support element 14 and the padding 18 are shown and set in relation to the corresponding position of the foot using dashed lines. The height region 2 of the support element is located behind the toe joint and therefore remains behind the maximum distance measured from the heel and is marked with M. The front edge of the height region is configured so that the toes protrude beyond this front edge. The shape of the support element can have a concavity in the front region, which extends in such a way that the angle from the second toe to the big toe is slightly inclined backwards with respect to the longitudinal axis of the foot and the angle from the middle toe to the little toe is inclined backwards. This forms a shape in which the toes are always exposed, i.e. all toes protrude beyond the support element. The front edge of the support element therefore takes on a certain arrow or spade shape. This shape of the front edge may in particular be combined with a support element having a teardrop shape over its entire contour, which tapers towards the rear, i.e. towards the heel. The position of the metatarsophalangeal joint is shown in FIG. 4.

[0075] Figure 11.a) shows the position of the bones of the foot from the frontal view without the effect of the tension elements. The five metatarsals (metatarsals) are shown in a dark grid.

[0076] Figure 11.b) shows the position of the bones under the influence of a tension element, here in a variant that is not continuously connected across the instep. The direction of action of the tension element 111 causes the metatarsals to approach each other and a reduction in the distance 112 between the metatarsophalangeal joints.

[0077] Fig. 12.a) shows a schematic diagram of the steps of attachment 121 of the padding to the inner surface of the foot part by welding or gluing, and fixation 122 of the fabric layer to the padding, also by welding or gluing. The stocking cover is shown in its final form for orientation, but may be present in the actual method steps inside out and in a somewhat deformed state. Fig. 12.b) shows an embodiment in which the pad and the support element are one piece, while Fig. 12.c) shows a variant in which the heel pad and the support element are separate, both covered separately with fabric. Fig. 12.d) shows a further version with stitching 123 of the fabric layer on top of the pad. Similar to the variants in Fig. 12.b) and Fig. 12.c), Fig. 12.e) and Fig. 12.f) show corresponding variants with stitching along the edges of the respective areas, the stitching being shown by dashed lines. Fig. 12.g) shows a cross section in which a second fabric layer 15, not directly visible in the drawing, is woven into the stocking to form a chamber for the toes or foot. The second fabric layer covers the padding and support elements like a pocket, on which the foot then stands. Fig. 12.h) is a cross section, in which in this variant two complete chambers 126 or layers 126 in the stocking form a container for the toes on the one hand and for the support elements on the other hand.

[0078] Figures 13.a) to 13.c) show variants similar to figures 12.a) to 12.c), in which the fastening method used is welding with hot air (hot air dryer), pressure or laser. For this purpose, a fabric and / or a shrink film is attached onto the padding or support element.

[0079] Figures 14.a) and 14.b) show further variants for fastening the padding and / or support elements with the help of a device (141) on which the stocking cover is stretched with the inside facing outwards. For example, a plate 142 equipped with a heating element can be used in the form of a support element or padding to press the support element or padding together with a fabric or film placed thereon to the stocking cover under the influence of heat.

[0080] FIG. 15 shows a variant of the manufacturing method in which the support elements and / or padding are produced in a mold by casting a liquid precursor of the material for the support elements or padding and then hardening, in particular polymerizing and / or vulcanizing, to form a solid support element or solid padding. The mold is closed by applying a counter pressure from the side of the stocking and the liquid precursor material can be filled into the negative mold through the indicated channels. In the sandwich principle, the stocking can be clamped with one of the molds. Before the casting process, a textile film 154 can optionally be inserted into the mold. Both the textile material of the stocking cover and the textile film 154 bond with the support elements or padding in the hardening process. Beforehand, for example, the stocking cover is inverted, i.e. spread on a holding device with the inside facing outwards, which is shown diagrammatically in all three parts FIG. 15.a) to FIG. 15.c).

[0081] Figures 16.a) and 16.b) show further variants using a mould, where in the case of Figure 16.a) an adhesive film is inserted into the respective areas of the padding and the support elements before the moulding process to produce padding and support elements which can be glued. In the case of Figure 16.b) a fabric is inserted into the mould before the moulding process, which stretches over the padding and support elements. Figures 16.c) to 16.d) show a stitching step 163 after production by moulding. Stitching can be combined with both variants shown above.

[0082] Fig. 17.a) shows a variant of the method that can be combined with the variants already shown, which is particularly useful when the padding and / or support element is made of a silicone-based material. In a preliminary step, a thread 171 with silicone adhesive or a silicone thread 171 is woven into the knitting process of the stocking cover. Fig. 17.b) shows the subsequent step of fixing both the support element and the heel pad, which in this case is made of a silicone material, the connection between the stocking cover and the pad or support element being formed by heating or melting the silicone adhesive or the silicone thread. This basic idea can also be implemented with adhesives for materials other than silicone.

[0083] FIG. 18 shows the process of heating the silicone adhesive or silicone thread from the method according to FIG. 17.b) using a geometrically adapted heating device.

[0084] FIG. 19 shows a variant for applying a bonding agent, coating material, adhesive, in particular an adhesive for attaching a support element and a padding made of a polymer, in particular silicone rubber. In the following, the silicone part is referred to in relation to the support element and the padding, even though it may be of a different material. The surface 191 carrying the adhesive is shown with horizontal shading. In the variant according to FIG. 19.a), only the edge part of the padding or support element to be attached is coated with adhesive. In the variant according to FIG. 19.b), the silicone part is completely covered with adhesive. In the variant according to FIG. 19.c), the whole plantar surface and the silicone part are coated. This coating is hardened by the effect of heat or in other ways and can then act as an adhesive and cushioning material. In the variant according to FIG. 19.d), the adhesive is applied to the stocking cover first, and only afterwards the silicone part is applied to the adhesive layer and the adhesive is hardened, whereby the part is firmly attached to the textile stocking cover. As an alternative to the process shown here, the adhesive can first be applied to the silicone part and in a further step the silicone part with the adhesive layer can be brought into contact with the stocking cover.

[0085] FIG. 20 shows the intermediate states in partial views 20.a) to 20.c) as they occur in a first variant (V1) which connects the support element and the pad with the stocking cover and the fabric.

[0086] Fig. 20.a) shows a stocking cover stretched over a holding device that stabilizes the plantar area. An adhesive, for example a silicone adhesive, is applied to the plantar area using a coating device. Support elements and padding are provided to be placed on the adhesive coated points. A piece of fabric is provided to be placed over the support elements and padding.

[0087] Figure 20.b) shows the situation after the support elements and padding have been placed on the adhesive. The surface of the adhesive protrudes beyond the edges of the padding and support elements, for example by 1-5 mm. These pieces of fabric are then placed on top of the support elements and padding and glued all around at the edges.

[0088] FIG. 21 shows the intermediate states in sub-views 21.a) to 21.c) as they arise in a second variant (V2) connecting the support elements and the pad with the stocking cover and the fabric.

[0089] The process of Fig. 21.a) to Fig. 21.c) is similar to the process of Fig. 20.a) to Fig. 20.c). However, in this second variant, the fabric piece is folded or folded around the support element or padding, so that these parts are already partially surrounded by the fabric piece before being placed and applied to the adhesive. The support element and padding are then applied to the adhesive surface and glued together with the fabric piece. In this variant, the shape of the adhesive surface is precisely adapted to the irregularities of the support element and padding, i.e. there are no edges of the adhesive surface that protrude beyond the parts to be attached.

[0090] FIG. 22 shows a flow chart of a further variation of the manufacturing method, which comprises: - inverting the stocking, i.e. stretching it over the holding device with the surface that is on the inside when the stocking is used facing outwards, - then using a liquid adhesive or joining material in a coating process, for example with the aid of a template or by screen printing; - then attaching padding and support elements, which can be supported, for example, by a press; then in a curing process, a step of hardening, for example by the action of heat, represented here by a wavy line; - ejecting the stocking.

[0091] Afterwards, after ejection, the fabric may be installed or as a step before heat curing, for example according to V1 as in FIG. 20, or alternatively according to V2 as in FIG.

[0092] Such a process can for example be carried out in a so-called rotary transfer machine. Automation of the process, for example with the aid of a conveyor belt, is easy to implement.

[0093] FIG. 23 shows a further embodiment of the stocking. In this embodiment, the tension element 19 is configured in the form of a tubular section that surrounds the foot in the region of the metatarsus. This is one of the embodiments in which the tension element is topologically doubly adjacent, i.e. there is no intersection formed specifically on the tension element. The relative position with respect to the support element and padding in the heel region is recognizable in this embodiment, which is depicted transparently for illustrative purposes. The tension effect of the tension element thus also occurs in the longitudinal axis of the foot, where the support element lifts the metatarsus. The shape of the support element in the forefoot region shown here has a cushioning effect and prevents pressure points, as does the additional padding in the heel region. [Explanation of symbols]

[0094] 1. First metatarsal bone behind the big toe 2, 3, 4 Metatarsal 2-4 5 5th metatarsal 10. Stockings 11 Foot section 12 Legs 13 Plantar area 14 Supporting elements 15 Curvature (of supporting elements) 16 First end (plantar region, toe) 17 Second end (plantar region, heel) 18 Padding 18' Front foot pad 18″ heel pad 19 Tensile elements 20 Strip-shaped section (for tension elements) 21 Figure eight shaped parts 41 Metatarsophalangeal joint 81 Surface directly contacted by feet 82 Longitudinal Arch of the Foot 91 Toe Area 92 Plateau (with anatomical shape) 93 Foot Contact Point 94 Cushioning for the forefoot 111 Tension direction around the midfoot 112 Reduction in the distance between the metatarsophalangeal joints 121 Fixing pads to the inside of the foot (welding or gluing) 122 Fixing the fabric layer to the pad (welding or gluing) 123 Stitching a fabric layer onto the pad 124 Bottom fastening between pad and stocking cover 125 A second layer of fabric woven into the stocking to form a pocket 126 Two complete chambers (layers) in a stocking 131 Padding welded / connected to stockings using film 132 Attached fabric / shrink film over padding (welded using hot air, pressure or laser) 141 Stockings clamped in reverse using a device 142 A plate with heating elements in the form of support elements or padding is pressed downwards 143 Textile film on the support element or on the padding welded to the edge with the stocking by applying heat 151 Pressure from above (i.e., the direction of gravity) 152 Inverted stockings clamped on a retention device 153 The padding or support elements are cured in the casting tool and are thereby bonded directly to the stocking fabric. 154 Woven fabric film inserted into the mold before the casting process 161 Adhesive film inserted into the mold before the casting process 162 Fabric inserted into the mold before the casting process 163 Pads and fabric stitching 171 In the knitting process for production, yarns with adhesive, in particular with silicone adhesive, or silicone yarns are knitted in as an alternative. 172 The adhesive, in particular the silicone adhesive, or the silicone thread is melted, so that a connection is formed between the stocking cover and the padding or support element. 191 Surfaces with adhesives and / or coating materials L Length (of plantar area) B Width (of the plantar area) A, C, M Dimensions for determining the position of supporting and tensioning elements

Claims

1. A stocking (10) having a foot portion (11) for receiving a human foot, a support element (14) being positioned in a plantar region (13) of the foot portion such that the support element is located below at least one metatarsal bone (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) when the stocking is worn, the support element having a curvature (15) facing the inside of the stocking.

2. 2. A stocking (10) according to claim 1, wherein the support elements are configured and positioned such that the second to fourth metatarsals (2, 3, 4) are elevated relative to the first and fifth metatarsals when the wearer of the stocking strikes the ground.

3. 3. A stocking (10) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the support element (14) is constructed and positioned such that, when the stocking is worn, the support element (14) is located behind the metatarsophalangeal joints.

4. 4. A stocking (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the support element (14) comprises a first region having a first height and a second region having a second height arranged in the shape of an island inside the first region or at an edge of the first region, the second height being twice as high as the first height.

5. 5. A stocking (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the support element is made of a material having a Shore hardness in the range 0 to 50, in particular a Shore hardness in the range 4 to 8.

6. 6. A stocking (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the length (L) of the plantar region (13) is defined from a first end (16) for accommodating the toes to a second end (17) for accommodating the heel, the width (B) of the plantar region is defined perpendicular to said length and parallel to said plantar region, and the support elements are centred with respect to said width and aligned with respect to said length to a position at a distance of 2 / 5 of said length from said first end and 3 / 5 of said length from said second end.

7. 7. A stocking (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the support element (14) has a teardrop shape when viewed in a direction perpendicular to the plantar region, the teardrop shape being oriented such that a tapered region of the teardrop shape faces the heel when the stocking is worn.

8. A stocking (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising a one-piece or multi-piece constructed padding (18) on the plantar region (13).

9. 9. The stocking (10) of claim 8, wherein at least a portion of the padding (18) is formed as forefoot padding, the forefoot padding being positioned in the plantar region to underlie the metatarsophalangeal joints when the stocking is worn.

10. A stocking (10) as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the foot portion (11) of the stocking comprises a tension element (19) arranged on or incorporated in the foot portion, the tension element extending around the midfoot and exerting a greater contractile force on the midfoot when the stocking is worn than the contractile force of the remaining foot portion.

11. 11. The stocking (10) according to claim 10, wherein the tension element (19) comprises band-shaped sections (20, 21) which converge crisscross in the plantar region (13) or run parallel in the plantar region or converge crisscross in the instep region.

12. A stocking (10) according to claim 10 or 11, wherein the tension element (19) comprises a band-shaped portion (21) having a figure eight shape in the unwound configuration.

13. The stocking (10) according to claim 10, wherein the tension element (19) is a topological double link.

14. 14. A stocking (10) as claimed in any one of claims 8 to 13, wherein the tension element (19) comprises a circumferential first section extending around the foot portion (11) having a lower extensibility than the remainder of the foot portion, and a second section having elasticity, the first section and the second section together forming a closed ring.

15. 10. A stocking (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising a fastening element at least partially surrounding the metatarsal and configured to exert a lateral force on the foot when the stocking is worn.

16. A stocking (10) with a foot portion (11) for receiving a human foot, the pad being attached to a plantar region (13) of said foot portion in the region of the forefoot.

17. 17. A method for producing a stocking according to any one of claims 1 to 16, comprising the steps of: - providing a stocking cover made from a textile material, said stocking cover having a foot portion with an inner surface; - providing a support element (14), - mounting said support element to said inner surface of said foot portion of said stocking cover, The step of mounting includes: - welding the support element to the inner surface; - gluing said support element to said inner surface; - covering the support element with a textile surface and fastening, in particular sewing, gluing or joining, the textile surface to the inner surface along the edge of the support element, - covering the support element with a shrink film and welding the textile surface to the inner surface by applying heat, pressure or laser radiation; - sewing the support element directly onto the inner surface; and - covering the support element or partially covering the edges of the support element with a compound that hardens or adheres under heat or any other influence; A manufacturing method comprising the application of fixation techniques from the group of.

18. 17. A method for producing a stocking according to any one of claims 1 to 16, comprising the steps of: - providing a stocking cover made from a textile material, said stocking cover having a foot portion with an inner surface; - providing a casting tool having a negative mould for containing a liquid precursor of the material for the support element; - stretching the stocking cover with the inside of the foot part facing the negative mould; - filling the inside of the negative mould with a liquid precursor of the material for the support element, said liquid precursor being in contact with said internal surface; - hardening said liquid precursor to form a solid support element; A manufacturing method comprising:

19. A kit of parts for manufacturing a stocking according to any one of claims 1 to 16, said kit of parts comprising at least one textile stocking cover with an inner side of the stocking and a support element, said support element having a curvature and capable of being attached to said textile stocking cover such that said curvature faces the inner side of the stocking.

Images