Conductivity enhancement of lubricants by amphiphilic amines and amphiphilic acids.

Abstract

The present invention relates to the use of a blend comprising an amphiphilic amine and an amphiphilic acid to enhance the electrical conductivity of a hydrocarbon oil-based lubricant.The present invention further relates to a method for enhancing the electrical conductivity of a hydrocarbon oil-based lubricant, comprising the steps of contacting a hydrocarbon oil with a blend comprising an amphiphilic amine and an amphiphilic acid; and a hydrocarbon oil-based lubricant comprising a blend comprising an amphiphilic amine, which is a compound of formula (A1), and an amphiphilic acid selected from compounds (B1), (B3), (B4), (B5), a fatty acid, or an alkylbenzene sulfonic acid.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to the use of a blend comprising an amphiphilic amine and an amphiphilic acid to enhance the electrical conductivity of a lubricant based on a hydrocarbon oil. The present invention further relates to a method for enhancing the electrical conductivity of a lubricant based on a hydrocarbon oil, comprising contacting the blend comprising an amphiphilic amine and an amphiphilic acid with a hydrocarbon oil; and a lubricant based on a hydrocarbon oil, comprising a blend comprising an amphiphilic amine, which is a compound of formula (A1), and an amphiphilic acid selected from compounds (B1), (B3), (B4), (B5), fatty acids, or alkylbenzene sulfonic acids. Combinations of the preferred embodiments with other preferred embodiments are within the scope of the present invention. [Background technology]

[0002] Friction between two surfaces in close contact typically produces electrostatic charges or static electricity. As a result, unwanted electrostatic discharges can occur. Lubricants based on hydrocarbon base oils usually have very low electrical conductivity. This can lead to the accumulation of unwanted electrostatic discharges, which must be controlled by suitable lubricant additives that increase the electrical conductivity of the lubricant. In addition, the lubricant must provide many additional requirements during its life, such as wear protection, oxidation stability, deposit control, and corrosion inhibition. The object of the present invention is to solve these problems. Summary of the Invention [Means for solving the problem]

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to develop a method for increasing the electrical conductivity of lubricating oils based on hydrocarbon oils. A) an amphiphilic amine; B) amphiphilic acids and This was achieved by using a blend including

[0004] The object is also to provide a method for increasing the electrical conductivity of a lubricant based on a hydrocarbon oil, comprising: A) an amphiphilic amine; B) amphiphilic acids and The problem has also been solved by a method comprising the step of contacting a polymer with a blend comprising:

[0005] The purpose of this is to A) Formula (A1) [ka] and an amphiphilic amine, which is a compound of the formula B) Compounds (B1), (B3), (B4), (B5) [ka] (wherein x is 11 to 13 and n is 2 to 15); and [ka] fatty acids, or The problem has been solved by a hydrocarbon oil-based lubricant comprising a blend including an amphiphilic acid selected from alkylbenzene sulfonic acids. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0006] The amphiphilic amine may contain a non-polar group and a polar group that includes an amine group.

[0007] The amphiphilic amine may comprise an amine group comprising a primary, secondary, tertiary or quaternary amine, preferably a primary, secondary, tertiary amine, especially a tertiary amine. Preferably, the amphiphilic amine comprises an amine group selected from an imidazoline group.

[0008] The amphiphilic amines are C amines such as linear, branched or cyclic alkyl or alkenyl. 6~32 Preferably, the amphiphilic amine is a C amine, which may be linear or branched. 6~32 Alkyl or C 6~32 The non-polar group is selected from alkenyl.

[0009] Preferably, the amphiphilic amine comprises an imidazoline group and a C6~32 Hydrocarbon groups, such as C, which may be linear or branched. 6~32 Alkyl or C 6~32 Contains alkenyl.

[0010] In particular, the amphiphilic amine has the formula (A1) [ka] It is a compound of the formula:

[0011] The amphiphilic amine typically has a solubility at 20° C. in the hydrocarbon oil of at least 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 wt %.

[0012] Amphipathic acids are those which contain a non-polar group and an acid group, such as a carboxylic acid group (e.g., -C(O)OH), a sulfonic acid group (e.g., -SO 3 H), or phosphonic acid groups (e.g., -P(O)(OH) 2 ). Preferably, the amphipathic acid comprises a non-polar group and a polar group comprising an acid group selected from a carboxylic acid group, a sulfonic acid group, or a phosphonic acid group. Preferably, the amphipathic acid comprises a non-polar group and a polar group comprising a carboxylic acid group or a sulfonic acid group. The acid group can be present in protonated or unprotonated form, for example as a salt. Preferably, the amphipathic acid comprises a non-polar group and a polar group comprising an acid group.

[0013] The amphiphilic amine is C 6~32 The amphiphilic acid may comprise a hydrocarbyl group (e.g., linear, branched or cyclic alkyl, alkenyl, or alkylaryl) or a non-polar group comprising at least two isobutyl groups. Preferably, the amphiphilic acid is a C 6~32 Alkyl, which may be linear or branched C 6~32 Alkenyl, which may be linear or branched 6~32 In another preferred embodiment, the amphiphilic acid comprises a C 1 -C 2 -C 3 -C 4 -C 5 -C 6 -C 7 -C 8 -C 9 -C 10 -C 11 -C 12 -C 13 -C 14 -C 15 -C 16 -C 17 -C 18 -C 19 -C 20 -C 21 -C 22 -C 23 -C 24 -C 25 -C 26 -C 27 -C 28 -C 29 -C 30 -C 31 -C 32 -C 33 -C 40 -C 50 -C 61 -C 72 -C 83 -C 94 -C 105 -C 116 -C 12 -C 13 -C 14 -C 15 -C 16 -C 17 -C 18 -C 25 -C 19 -C 26 -C 27 -C 34 -C 28 -C 35 -C 40 -C 50 -C 65 -C 72 -C 85 -C 96 -C 107 -C 118 -C 12 -C 13 -C 14 -C 15 -C 16 -C 17 -C 18 -C 25 -C 19 -C 26 -C 27 -C 38 -C 28 -C 39 -C 40 -C 41 -C 42 -C 43 -C 54 -C 55 -C 56 -C 66 -C 77 -C 78 -C 89 -C 99 -C 100 -C 111 -C 122 -C 133 -C 14 -C 15 -C 25 -C 35 -C 40 -C 55 -C 67 6~32Alkyl, which may be linear or branched C 6~32 alkenyl, or C which may be linear or branched 6~32 The non-polar group is selected from alkylaryl.

[0014] Amphiphilic acids have a carboxylic acid group and a C 6~32 (Preferably C 8~18 ) a hydrocarbon group or at least two isobutyl groups. In particular, the amphiphilic acid is selected from the compounds (B1), (B2), (B3), (B4) and (B5). [ka] (In the formula, x is 11 to 13, and n is 2 to 15.) [ka] is selected from.

[0015] In the compound (B3), x is usually 11 to 13, and n is 2 to 15 (preferably n is 3 to 11).

[0016] In another particular embodiment, the amphiphilic acid is selected from compounds (B1), (B2), (B3) and (B4).

[0017] In addition to compounds (B1), (B2), (B3), (B4) and (B5), further examples of amphiphilic acids are fatty acids, which may be saturated, unsaturated, hydroxy-functionalized, or combinations thereof. Examples of saturated fatty acids are caprylic acid, capric acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, arachidic acid, behenic acid, lignoceric acid and cerotic acid. Examples of unsaturated fatty acids are myristoleic acid, palmitoleic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, arachidonic acid and erucic acid. An example of hydroxy-functionalized fatty acid is ricinoleic acid.

[0018] The amphiphilic acid has a sulfonic acid group and a C 6~32 (Preferably C 8~18) a hydrocarbon group (e.g., a C 6~32 (Preferably C 8~18 ) alkylaryl), such as alkylbenzenesulfonic acids.

[0019] Suitable alkylbenzene sulfonic acids include linear and branched C 8 ~C 24 (Preferably C 10~18 ) alkylbenzenesulfonic acids, for example dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid.

[0020] Preferably, the amphiphilic acid is selected from compounds (B1), (B2), (B3), (B4), (B5), a fatty acid, or an alkylbenzenesulfonic acid.

[0021] The amphiphilic acid typically has a solubility at 20° C. in the hydrocarbon oil of at least 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 wt %.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment, the amphiphilic amine is a compound of formula (A1) and the amphiphilic acid is compound (B1). In another preferred embodiment, the amphiphilic amine is a compound of formula (A1) and the amphiphilic acid is compound (B2). In another preferred embodiment, the amphiphilic amine is a compound of formula (A1) and the amphiphilic acid is compound (B3). In another preferred embodiment, the amphiphilic amine is a compound of formula (A1) and the amphiphilic acid is compound (B4). In another preferred embodiment, the amphiphilic amine is a compound of formula (A1) and the amphiphilic acid is compound (B5). In another preferred embodiment, the amphiphilic amine is a compound of formula (A1) and the amphiphilic acid is a fatty acid. In another preferred embodiment, the amphiphilic amine is a compound of formula (A1) and the amphiphilic acid is a linear or branched C 8 ~C 24 Alkylbenzenesulfonic acids, for example, dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid.

[0023] Preferably, the amphiphilic acid has a carboxylic acid group and 6~32 (Especially C 8~18) a hydrocarbon group or at least two isobutyl groups; or a sulfonic acid group and C 6~32 (Especially C 8~18 ) a hydrocarbon group.

[0024] The weight ratio of the amphiphilic amine (e.g., compound (A1)) to the amphiphilic acid (e.g., compounds (B1), (B2), (B3), (B4), (B5)) may be 10:1 to 1:10, 5:1 to 1:5, or 3:1 to 1:3, or 2.5:1 to 1:2.5.

[0025] In a preferred embodiment, the amphiphilic amine is a compound of formula (A1), the amphiphilic acid is a compound (B1), and the weight ratio of the amphiphilic amine to the amphiphilic acid is 5:1 to 1:5. In another preferred embodiment, the amphiphilic amine is a compound of formula (A1), the amphiphilic acid is a compound (B2), and the weight ratio of the amphiphilic amine to the amphiphilic acid is 5:1 to 1:5. In another preferred embodiment, the amphiphilic amine is a compound of formula (A1), the amphiphilic acid is a compound (B3), and the weight ratio of the amphiphilic amine to the amphiphilic acid is 5:1 to 1:5. In another preferred embodiment, the amphiphilic amine is a compound of formula (A1), the amphiphilic acid is a compound (B4), and the weight ratio of the amphiphilic amine to the amphiphilic acid is 5:1 to 1:5. In another preferred embodiment, the amphiphilic amine is a compound of formula (A1), the amphiphilic acid is a compound (B5), and the weight ratio of the amphiphilic amine to the amphiphilic acid is 5:1 to 1:5. In another preferred embodiment, the amphiphilic amine is a compound of formula (A1), the amphiphilic acid is a fatty acid, and the weight ratio of the amphiphilic amine to the amphiphilic acid is 5:1 to 1:5. In another preferred embodiment, the amphiphilic amine is a compound of formula (A1), the amphiphilic acid is a linear or branched C 8 ~C 24 Alkylbenzenesulfonic acid, for example dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid, the weight ratio of amphiphilic amine to amphiphilic acid is 5:1 to 1:5.

[0026] The lubricant may contain at least 10, 50, 100, or 150 ppm of the blend. The lubricant may contain up to 2000, 1000, 800, 600, or 450 ppm of the blend. The lubricant may contain 10-1000 ppm, 50-600 ppm, or 100-500 ppm of the blend.

[0027] The lubricant may contain at least 10, 40, 60 or 80 ppm of the amphiphilic amine. The lubricant may contain up to 1500, 1000, 800, 500 or 300 ppm of the amphiphilic amine. The lubricant may contain from 20 to 1000 ppm, from 30 to 500 ppm, or from 40 to 300 ppm of the amphiphilic amine.

[0028] The lubricant may contain at least 10, 40, 60 or 80 ppm of the amphipathic acid. The lubricant may contain up to 1500, 1000, 800, 500 or 300 ppm of the amphipathic acid. The lubricant may contain from 20 to 1000 ppm, from 30 to 500 ppm, or from 40 to 300 ppm of the amphipathic acid.

[0029] The lubricant may contain 20-1000 ppm, 30-500 ppm, or 40-300 ppm of the amphipathic amine and 20-1000 ppm, 30-500 ppm, or 40-300 ppm of the amphipathic acid. Preferably, the lubricant contains 30-500 ppm of the amphipathic amine and 30-500 ppm of the amphipathic acid. In another preferred embodiment, the lubricant contains 20-1000 ppm of the amphipathic amine and 20-1000 ppm of the amphipathic acid.

[0030] The blend can be prepared by adding the amphiphilic amine and the amphiphilic acid separately or simultaneously to the lubricant. In one embodiment, an additive package including the blend and a lubricant additive is contacted with the lubricant. In another embodiment, an additive package including the amphiphilic acid, the amphiphilic amine, and a lubricant additive is contacted with the lubricant. In another embodiment, an additive package including the amphiphilic amine, the amphiphilic acid, and a lubricant additive is contacted with the lubricant. The blend can have any form, for example, a solid or a liquid.

[0031] A lubricant generally refers to a composition capable of reducing friction between surfaces, preferably metal surfaces, such as the surfaces of a mechanical device. A mechanical device may be a mechanism consisting of devices that operate on mechanical principles. Suitable mechanical devices are bearings, gears, joints, and induction devices. The mechanical device may operate at temperatures ranging from -30°C to 80°C.

[0032] Lubricants are usually specially formulated for virtually any type of machine and manufacturing process. The type and concentration of base oil and / or lubricant additives used in these lubricants may be selected based on the requirements of the machine or process being lubricated, the qualities desired by the machine manufacturer and user, and government regulations. Typically, each lubricant has a unique set of performance requirements. In addition to properly lubricating the machine or process, these requirements include maintaining the quality of the lubricant itself, and the impact of lubricant use and disposal on energy use, environmental quality, and the health of users.

[0033] Representative lubricants are automotive lubricants (e.g., gasoline engine oils, diesel engine oils, gas engine oils, gas turbine oils, automatic transmission fluids, gear oils) and industrial lubricants (e.g., industrial gear oils, pneumatic tool lubricants, high temperature oils, gas compressor oils, hydraulic fluids, metal working fluids).

[0034] Examples of lubricants include accelerator lubrication, medium and heavy duty oils, industrial engine oils, marine engine oils, automotive engine oils, crankshaft oils, compressor oils, refrigeration oils, hydrocarbon compressor oils, ultra-low temperature lubricants, high temperature lubricants, steel rope lubricants, textile machine oils, refrigeration oils, aerospace lubricants, aviation turbine oils, transmission oils, gas turbine oils, spindle oils, spin oils, traction fluids, transmission oils, plastic transmission oils, passenger car transmission oils, truck transmission oils. , industrial transmission oils, industrial gear oils, insulating oils, gauge oils, brake fluids, transmission fluids, shock absorber oils, thermal distribution medium oils, transformer oils, greases, chain oils, minimum quantity lubricants for metalworking operations, oils for warm and cold working, oils for water-based metalworking fluids, oils for neat metalworking fluids, oils for semi-synthetic metalworking fluids, oils for synthetic metalworking fluids, drilling fluids for geotechnical investigations, hydraulic oils, biodegradable lubricants or lubricating greases or waxes, chain saw oils, mold release agents, molding fluids, gun, pistol and rifle lubricants or watch lubricants, and food grade approved lubricants.

[0035] The lubricant typically has a viscosity of at least 10, 50, 100, 150, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 900, 1400, or 2000 mm 2 In another embodiment, the lubricant may have a kinetic viscosity of 200 to 30,000 mm / s at 40° C. 2 / s (cSt), preferably 500 to 10,000 mm 2 / s, especially 1000~5000mm 2 The lubricant may have a kinematic viscosity at 40° C. of at least 2, 3, 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, or 50 mm / s. 2 In another embodiment, the lubricant may have a kinetic viscosity of 10 to 5000 mm 2 / s (cSt), preferably 30 to 3000 mm 2 / s, especially 50~2000mm 2 / s at 100° C. The lubricant may have a viscosity index of at least 50, 75, 100, 120, 140, 150, 160, 170, 180, 190 or 200.

[0036] The lubricant is typically a lubricating fluid, a lubricating oil, or a lubricating grease.

[0037] The hydrocarbon oils may be selected from base oils which are mineral oils (Group I, II or III oils), polyalphaolefins (Group IV oils), polymeric and interpolymeric olefins, alkylnaphthalenes (Group V oils).

[0038] Preferably, the hydrocarbon oil is selected from Group I, Group II, Group III, and Group IV base oils, or mixtures thereof, according to the API definition.

[0039] The definition of base oil is the same as that of the American Petroleum Institute (API): a) Group I base oils contain less than 90% saturates (ASTM D2007) and / or more than 0.03% sulfur (ASTM D2622) and have a viscosity index greater than or equal to 80 and less than 120 (ASTM D2270). b) Group II base oils contain greater than or equal to 90 percent saturates and less than or equal to 0.03 percent sulfur and have a viscosity index greater than or equal to 80 and less than 120. c) Group III base oils contain greater than or equal to 90 percent saturates and less than or equal to 0.03 percent sulfur and have a viscosity index greater than or equal to 120. d) Group IV base oils contain polyalphaolefins. Polyalphaolefins (PAOs), including known PAO materials, typically comprise relatively low molecular weight hydrogenated polymers or oligomers of alphaolefins, including but not limited to C2 to about C32 alphaolefins, with C8 to C16 alphaolefins, such as 1-octene, 1-decene, and 1-dodecene being preferred. Preferred polyalphaolefins are poly-1-octene, poly-1-decene, and poly-1-dodecene. e) Group V base oils include base oils not listed in Groups I to IV.

[0040] The lubricant is based on a hydrocarbon oil. The lubricant may contain at least 50, 60, 70, 80 or 90 wt% of a hydrocarbon oil. The lubricant may contain up to 70, 80, 90, 95, 97, 99, 99.9 or 99.99 wt% of a hydrocarbon oil. The lubricant may contain 50-99.9 wt%, or 70-99 wt% of a hydrocarbon oil.

[0041] The conductivity of the hydrocarbon oil is typically less than 30, 20, 15, 10 or 5 pS / m.

[0042] The conductivity (eg of a hydrocarbon oil or lubricant) can be measured at 20° C. using a commercially available conductivity meter, for example a Model 1152 Digital Conductivity Meter from EMCEE-Electronics (USA).

[0043] The blends can be used to increase the electrical conductivity of a lubricant, which is typically evident when the electrical conductivity of the lubricant is measured before and after contacting the lubricant with the blend.

[0044] In another aspect, the improvement is typically found when measuring the conductivity of a lubricant containing the blend and the same lubricant without the blend. The lubricant without the blend typically has a conductivity of less than 30, 20, 15, 10, or 5 pS / m. The lubricant with the blend can have a conductivity of at least 30, 40, 50, 60, 80, or 100 pS / m.

[0045] Suitable lubricant additives may be selected from viscosity index improvers, polymeric thickeners, antioxidants, corrosion inhibitors, detergents, dispersants, antifoam agents, dyes, anti-wear additives, extreme pressure additives (EP additives), anti-wear additives (AW additives), friction modifiers, metal deactivators, pour point depressants.

[0046] The present invention relates to a method for increasing the electrical conductivity of a lubricant based on a hydrocarbon oil, the method comprising: A) an amphiphilic amine; B) amphiphilic acids and The present invention further relates to a method comprising the step of contacting a compound comprising the steps of:

[0047] The hydrocarbon oil may be contacted with the blend or may be contacted separately with the amphiphilic amine and the amphiphilic acid. In one embodiment, an additive package including the blend and the lubricant additive is contacted with the hydrocarbon oil. In another embodiment, an additive package including the amphiphilic acid, the amphiphilic amine and the lubricant additive is contacted with the hydrocarbon oil. In another embodiment, an additive package including the amphiphilic amine, the amphiphilic acid and the lubricant additive is contacted with the hydrocarbon oil.

[0048] The present invention relates to a hydrocarbon oil-based lubricant, the lubricant comprising: A) Formula (A1) [ka] and an amphiphilic amine, which is a compound of the formula B) Compounds (B1), (B3), (B4), (B5) [ka] (wherein x is 11 to 13, and n is 2 to 15) [ka] an amphiphilic acid selected from fatty acids or alkylbenzene sulfonic acids; The present invention further relates to a lubricant comprising a blend comprising:

[0049] Preferably, the amphiphilic acid is selected from compounds (B1), (B3), (B4), (B5), a fatty acid, or an alkylbenzenesulfonic acid.

[0050] The lubricant may contain 20-1000 ppm, 30-500 ppm, or 40-300 ppm of an amphiphilic amine which is a compound of formula (A1) and 20-1000 ppm, 30-500 ppm, or 40-300 ppm of an amphiphilic acid. Preferably, the lubricant contains 30-500 ppm of an amphiphilic amine which is a compound of formula (A1) and 30-500 ppm of an amphiphilic acid. In another preferred embodiment, the lubricant contains 20-1000 ppm of an amphiphilic amine which is a compound of formula (A1) and 20-1000 ppm of an amphiphilic acid.

[0051] The lubricant may contain 20-1000 ppm, 30-500 ppm, or 40-300 ppm of an amphiphilic amine which is a compound of formula (A1) and 20-1000 ppm, 30-500 ppm, or 40-300 ppm of an amphiphilic acid selected from compounds (B1), (B3), (B4), (B5), fatty acids, or alkylbenzenesulfonic acids. Preferably, the lubricant contains 30-500 ppm of an amphiphilic amine which is a compound of formula (A1) and 30-500 ppm of an amphiphilic acid selected from compounds (B1), (B3), (B4), (B5), fatty acids, or alkylbenzenesulfonic acids. In another form, the lubricant comprises 20 to 1000 ppm of an amphiphilic amine that is a compound of formula (A1) and 20 to 1000 ppm of an amphiphilic acid selected from compounds (B1), (B3), (B4), (B5), a fatty acid, or an alkylbenzene sulfonic acid.

[0052] The weight ratio of the amphiphilic amine of compound (A1) to the amphiphilic acid of compound (B1) can be 10:1 to 1:10, 5:1 to 1:5, or 3:1 to 1:3, or 2.5:1 to 1:2.5. The weight ratio of the amphiphilic amine of compound (A1) to the amphiphilic acid of compound (B2) can be 10:1 to 1:10, 5:1 to 1:5, or 3:1 to 1:3, or 2.5:1 to 1:2.5. The weight ratio of the amphiphilic amine of compound (A1) to the amphiphilic acid of compound (B3) can be 10:1 to 1:10, 5:1 to 1:5, or 3:1 to 1:3, or 2.5:1 to 1:2.5. The weight ratio of the amphiphilic amine of compound (A1) to the amphiphilic acid of compound (B4) can be 10:1 to 1:10, 5:1 to 1:5, or 3:1 to 1:3, or 2.5:1 to 1:2.5. The weight ratio of the amphiphilic amine of compound (A1) to the amphiphilic acid of compound (B5) can be 10:1 to 1:10, 5:1 to 1:5, or 3:1 to 1:3, or 2.5:1 to 1:2.5. The weight ratio of the amphiphilic amine of compound (A1) to the amphiphilic acid of fatty acid can be 10:1 to 1:10, 5:1 to 1:5, or 3:1 to 1:3, or 2.5:1 to 1:2.5. The weight ratio of the amphiphilic amine, which is compound (A1), to the amphiphilic acid, which is an alkylbenzenesulfonic acid, can be from 10:1 to 1:10, from 5:1 to 1:5, or from 3:1 to 1:3, or from 2.5:1 to 1:2.5.

[0053] The lubricant may contain at least 10, 40, 60 or 80 ppm of the amphiphilic amine which is compound (A1). The lubricant may contain up to 1500, 1000, 800, 500 or 300 ppm of the amphiphilic amine which is compound (A1). The lubricant may contain 20 to 1000 ppm, 30 to 500 ppm or 40 to 300 ppm of the amphiphilic amine which is compound (A1).

[0054] The lubricant may contain at least 10, 40, 60, or 80 ppm of the amphipathic acid of compound (B1). The lubricant may contain up to 1500, 1000, 800, 500, or 300 ppm of the amphipathic acid of compound (B1). The lubricant may contain 20 to 1000 ppm, 30 to 500 ppm, or 40 to 300 ppm of the amphipathic acid of compound (B1).

[0055] The lubricant may contain at least 10, 40, 60, or 80 ppm of the amphipathic acid of compound (B2). The lubricant may contain up to 1500, 1000, 800, 500, or 300 ppm of the amphipathic acid of compound (B2). The lubricant may contain 20 to 1000 ppm, 30 to 500 ppm, or 40 to 300 ppm of the amphipathic acid of compound (B2).

[0056] The lubricant may contain at least 10, 40, 60, or 80 ppm of the amphipathic acid of compound (B3). The lubricant may contain up to 1500, 1000, 800, 500, or 300 ppm of the amphipathic acid of compound (B3). The lubricant may contain 20 to 1000 ppm, 30 to 500 ppm, or 40 to 300 ppm of the amphipathic acid of compound (B3).

[0057] The lubricant may contain at least 10, 40, 60, or 80 ppm of the amphipathic acid of compound (B4). The lubricant may contain up to 1500, 1000, 800, 500, or 300 ppm of the amphipathic acid of compound (B4). The lubricant may contain 20 to 1000 ppm, 30 to 500 ppm, or 40 to 300 ppm of the amphipathic acid of compound (B4).

[0058] The lubricant may contain at least 10, 40, 60, or 80 ppm of the amphipathic acid of compound (B5). The lubricant may contain up to 1500, 1000, 800, 500, or 300 ppm of the amphipathic acid of compound (B5). The lubricant may contain 20 to 1000 ppm, 30 to 500 ppm, or 40 to 300 ppm of the amphipathic acid of compound (B5).

[0059] The lubricant may include at least 10, 40, 60, or 80 ppm of a fatty acid amphipathic acid. The lubricant may include up to 1500, 1000, 800, 500, or 300 ppm of a fatty acid amphipathic acid. The lubricant may include 20-1000 ppm, 30-500 ppm, or 40-300 ppm of a fatty acid amphipathic acid.

[0060] The lubricant may contain at least 10, 40, 60, or 80 ppm of an amphipathic acid that is an alkylbenzene sulfonic acid. The lubricant may contain up to 1500, 1000, 800, 500, or 300 ppm of an amphipathic acid that is an alkylbenzene sulfonic acid. The lubricant may contain 20-1000 ppm, 30-500 ppm, or 40-300 ppm of an amphipathic acid that is an alkylbenzene sulfonic acid. EXAMPLES

[0061] Amine A: a compound of formula (A1) Acid A: a compound of formula (B1) Acid B: a compound of formula (B2) Acid C: A compound of formula (B3) Acid D: Compound of formula (B4) Group II base oil: VG46, a Group II type mineral base oil available from Chevron®. Group III Base Oil: A paraffinic base oil of the Group III type available as Shell® XHVI 8. Group III+ Base Oil: An isoparaffinic Group III type base oil prepared from gas-to-liquid technology and available as Shell® Risella® X 415. Group IV base oil: Base oil VG46, a Group IV type polyalphaolefin blend of SpectraSyn® 40 and SpectraSyn® 6 from ExxonMobil.

[0062] Example 1 The additives were mixed at room temperature with the mineral oils shown in Tables 1 and 2. The conductivity was then measured with a Model 1152 Digital Conductivity Meter manufactured by EMCEE Electronics Inc. (USA). The conductivity meter consists of an electronics assembly and a removable stainless steel probe. The probe was immersed in the liquid up to a series of holes adjacent to the electronics assembly. Pressing the "M" push button caused a direct current to flow through the fluid between the electrodes. The current was amplified by the electronics assembly and displayed in picosiemens per meter (pS / m) on a liquid crystal display.

[0063] [Table 1]

[0064] Example 2 Turbine oils were prepared from 0.4 wt % Additive Package 1, optionally 400 ppm Amine A, and filled to 100 wt % with the hydrocarbon oils shown in Table 2. Conductivity at room temperature was measured as in Example 1.

[0065] Additive package 1 is a commercially available ashless additive package containing antioxidants, corrosion inhibitors, and metal deactivators. Additive package 1 contains 0.7 wt% Acid B and 4.7 wt% Acid D, resulting in concentrations of 28 ppm Acid B and 188 ppm Acid D in a hydrocarbon oil. Additive package 1 does not contain any amphipathic amines or other amphipathic acids.

[0066] [Table 2]

[0067] Example 3 Turbine oils were prepared from 0.4 wt % Additive Package 2, optionally 200 ppm Amine A, and filled to 100 wt % with the hydrocarbon oils shown in Table 3. Conductivity at room temperature was measured as in Example 1.

[0068] Additive package 2 is a commercially available ashless additive package containing antioxidants, corrosion inhibitors, and metal deactivators. Additive package 2 contains 0.7 wt% Acid B and 4.7 wt% Acid D, resulting in concentrations in the hydrocarbon oil of 28 ppm Acid B and 188 ppm Acid C. Additive package 2 does not contain any amphipathic amines or other amphipathic acids.

[0069] [Table 3]

[0070] Example 4 Turbine oils were prepared from 0.4 wt% of Additive Package 1, optionally Amine A and Acid A or B, and filled to 100 wt% with Group III+ base oil. Conductivity at room temperature was measured as in Example 1 and is summarized in Table 4.

[0071] The addition of additive package 1 resulted in concentrations of 28 ppm of Acid B and 188 ppm of Acid D in the hydrocarbon oil.

[0072] [Table 4]

[0073] Example 5 Turbine oils were prepared from 0.4 wt% of Additive Package 1, optionally Amine A and Acid C or B, and filled to 100 wt% with Group III+ base oil. Conductivity at room temperature was measured as in Example 1 and is summarized in Table 5.

[0074] The addition of additive package 1 resulted in concentrations of 28 ppm of Acid B and 188 ppm of Acid D in the hydrocarbon oil.

[0075] [Table 5]

[0076] Example 6 Turbine oils were prepared from 1.2 wt% of Additive Package 3, optionally Amine A and Acid C or B, and filled to 100 wt% with Group III+ base oil. Conductivity at room temperature was measured as in Example 1 and is summarized in Table 6.

[0077] Additive package 3 is a commercially available additive package containing antioxidants, corrosion inhibitors, and metal deactivators. Additive package 3 contains 1.77 wt% Acid A, resulting in a concentration of 106 ppm Acid A in the hydrocarbon oil (not including the amount of Acid A added separately). Additive package 3 does not contain any amphipathic amines or other amphipathic acids.

[0078] [Table 6]

Claims

1. To increase the conductivity of hydrocarbon oil-based lubricants, A) Amphiphilic amines, B) Amphiphilic acids and Use of a blend containing the following.

2. The use according to claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of the amphiphilic amine to the amphiphilic acid is 5:1 to 1:

5.

3. The use according to claim 1, wherein the lubricant comprises 20 to 1000 ppm of the amphiphilic amine and 20 to 1000 ppm of the amphiphilic acid.

4. The aforementioned amphiphilic amine comprises an imidazoline group and C ６～３２ The use according to claim 1, comprising a hydrocarbon group.

5. The aforementioned amphiphilic amine is given by formula (A1) 【Chemistry 1】 The use according to claim 1, which is a compound of the above.

6. The use according to claim 1, wherein the amphiphilic acid comprises a nonpolar group and a polar group comprising an acid group selected from a carboxylic acid group, a sulfonic acid group, or a phosphonic acid group.

7. The aforementioned amphiphilic acid comprises a carboxylic acid group and C ６～３２ A hydrocarbon group or at least two isobutyl groups; or a sulfonic acid group and C ６～３２ The use according to claim 1, comprising a hydrocarbon group.

8. The aforementioned amphiphilic acids are compounds (B1), (B2), (B3), (B4), and (B5). 【Chemistry 2】 (In the equation, x is between 11 and 13, and n is between 2 and 15.) 【Transformation 3】 The use according to claim 1, selected from fatty acids or alkylbenzene sulfonic acid.

9. The use according to claim 1, wherein the lubricant comprises at least 50, 60, 70, 80, or 90 wt% of hydrocarbon oil.

10. The use according to claim 1, wherein the conductivity of the hydrocarbon oil is less than 30 pS / m.

11. The use according to claim 1, wherein the conductivity of the lubricant is increased to at least 30 pS / m.

12. The use according to claim 1, wherein the lubricant is turbine oil or pressure medium oil.

13. A method for increasing the conductivity of a hydrocarbon oil-based lubricant, wherein the hydrocarbon oil comprises A) an amphiphilic amine and B) Amphiphilic acids and A method comprising the step of bringing into contact with a blend containing the following.

14. A hydrocarbon oil-based lubricant, A) Formula (A1) 【Chemistry 4】 amphiphilic amines, which are compounds of, B) Compounds (B1), (B3), (B4), (B5) 【Transformation 5】 (In the equation, x is between 11 and 13, and n is between 2 and 15) 【Transformation 6】 fatty acids, or amphiphilic acids selected from alkylbenzenesulfonic acids and A lubricant containing a blend of ingredients.

15. The lubricant according to claim 14, wherein the weight ratio of the amphiphilic amine to the amphiphilic acid is 5:1 to 1:

5.

16. The lubricant according to claim 14 or 15, comprising 20 to 1000 ppm of the amphiphilic amine and 20 to 1000 ppm of the amphiphilic acid.

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