Gas burner

Abstract

The present invention refers to gas burners, burner assemblies, boilers, to the use of gas burners and burner assemblies in boilers, water heaters, and / or cooking burners, and to the use of gas burners, burner assemblies, or boilers in hydrogen combustion applications.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of gas burners. More specifically, the present invention relates to a gas burner, a burner assembly, a boiler, and methods of use thereof. [Background technology]

[0002] Gas burners are the most commonly used burners. Gas burners typically use a fuel gas mixed with an oxidizer gas, such as air, and are ignited by the generation of a spark or other ignition means. Gas burners are classified according to when the gas mixing occurs. Burners that mix the fuel gas and oxidizer gas before the combustion reaction occurs are called premix burners, and burners that mix the fuel gas and oxidizer gas as the combustion reaction occurs are usually called diffusion gas burners.

[0003] Patent application EP3336427A1 discloses a diffusion gas burner in which a gas distribution means guides a fuel gas, such as hydrogen, directly to the mixing region, and an air distribution means guides air directly to the mixing region. In this gas burner, the fuel gas and the air are guided to the mixing region in an independent manner. The gas distribution means of the diffusion gas burner of EP3336427A1 comprises a plurality of main conduits, each of which has a mixing point at its outlet. Thus, the gases of the gas burner of EP3336427A1 are mixed outside each main distribution conduit. This burner configuration results in insufficient gas mixing and a fixed reaction zone.

[0004] Therefore, there is a clear need for a new diffusion gas burner that provides better gas mixing, high quality and performance, and is strong, durable, yet inexpensive to manufacture. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The inventors have developed gas burners, burner assemblies, and methods for using gas burners and burner assemblies in boilers, preferably gas or mixed gas boilers, water heaters and / or cooking burners, and methods for using gas burners and burner assemblies in hydrogen combustion applications.

[0006] The gas burner of the present invention efficiently introduces and mixes the required oxidizer gas with the fuel gas to provide rapid and efficient combustion after activation of the ignition or combustion means, for example a spark generator. Without being bound by theory, the inventors have found that the oxidizer gas and fuel gas are mixed and reacted within the holes or pores of the burner surface, which provides the advantage of preventing flashback and oxidation at the burner surface.

[0007] The gas burner of the present invention also includes a diffuser between the burner surface and the gas distributor, which allows the fuel and oxidant gas to reach the holes or pores of the burner surface in a uniform and appropriate amount. During combustion, the flame generated on the burner surface is more uniformly and appropriately dispersed, resulting in high combustion efficiency. The diffuser between the burner surface and the gas distributor also improves the distribution and mixing of gases, and thus the combustion efficiency. In addition, various flame patterns and logos can be defined on the burner surface.

[0008] Thus, a first aspect of the present invention comprises: a) a burner surface (2) having holes or pores; b) a diffuser (3) having an opening suitable for transferring an oxidizer gas and an opening suitable for transferring a fuel gas; c) a first gas distributor (4) suitable for distributing an oxidant gas, such as air, and a second gas distributor (5) suitable for distributing a fuel gas, such as hydrogen; A gas burner (1) comprising: the diffuser (3) is between the burner surface (2) and the first gas distributor (4) and the second gas distributor (5); The holes or pores of the burner surface are - in fluid communication with the first gas distributor (4) via the openings of the diffuser (3) suitable for transferring an oxidant gas; - in fluid communication with the second gas distributor (5) via the opening of the diffuser (3) suitable for transferring fuel gas; Thereby, the oxidant gas and the fuel gas are mixed in the holes or pores of the burner surface.

[0009] A second aspect of the present invention is - a housing; - at least a gas inlet connected to said housing; - said gas burner of the invention in any of its particular embodiments, The present invention relates to a burner assembly comprising:

[0010] A further aspect of the present invention is a heat exchanger, - said gas burner of the invention in any of its particular embodiments or a burner assembly as defined in any of its particular embodiments, The present invention relates to a boiler equipped with

[0011] A further aspect of the invention relates to the use of said gas burner of the invention in any of its particular embodiments in a boiler, water heater, cooking burner, preferably using a gas or mixture of gases.

[0012] A still further aspect of the present invention relates to the use of the burner assembly of the present invention in any of its specific embodiments in a boiler, water heater, cooking burner, preferably using a gas or mixture of gases.

[0013] A further aspect of the present invention relates to the use of the gas burner of the present invention in any of its particular embodiments in hydrogen combustion applications.

[0014] A further aspect of the present invention relates to the use of the burner assembly of the present invention in any of its particular embodiments in hydrogen combustion applications. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0015] [Figure 1] 1 shows a perspective view of a gas burner according to an embodiment of the present invention; [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 shows a partially exploded view of a second embodiment of the gas burner. [Diagram 3] 3(a) shows a perspective view of some of the various components of a gas burner according to an embodiment of the present invention, where FIG. 3(a) shows a view of the burner face (2), FIG. 3(b) shows a diffuser (3), FIG. 3(c) shows a second gas distributor (5) suitable for distributing a fuel gas, and FIG. 3(d) shows a first gas distributor (4) suitable for distributing an oxidant gas. [Figure 4] Detailed cross-sectional views of various arrangements of holes in the burner surface (2) and openings in the diffuser (3) suitable for transferring fuel gas and oxidizing gas, where FIG. 4(A) shows (a1) an opening in the diffuser (3) suitable for transferring fuel gas extending downwards towards the burner surface (2) or extending into the holes in the burner surface (a2, a3), and FIG. 4(B) shows (b1) an opening in the burner surface (2) forming a convex portion extending towards the diffuser and (b2, b3) an opening in the diffuser (3) suitable for transferring fuel gas extending downwards towards the burner surface (2) or extending into the holes in the burner surface (2). DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0016] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs. As used herein, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0017] Gas burner As mentioned above, the first aspect of the present invention is a) a burner surface (2) having holes or pores; b) a diffuser (3) having an opening suitable for transferring an oxidizer gas and an opening suitable for transferring a fuel gas; c) a first gas distributor (4) suitable for distributing an oxidant gas, such as air, and a second gas distributor (5) suitable for distributing a fuel gas, such as hydrogen; A gas burner (1) comprising: the diffuser (3) is between the burner surface (2) and the first gas distributor (4) and the second gas distributor (5); The holes or pores of the burner surface are - in fluid communication with the first gas distributor (4) via the openings of the diffuser (3) suitable for transferring an oxidant gas; - in fluid communication with the second gas distributor (5) via the opening of the diffuser (3) suitable for transferring fuel gas; As a result, the oxidant gas and the fuel gas are mixed in the holes or pores of the burner surface. Regarding gas burners (1).

[0018] In the gas burner (1) of the present invention, the oxidant gas and the fuel gas are mixed in the holes or pores in the burner surface.

[0019] In certain embodiments, the diffuser (3) is in contact with the burner face of the gas burner (1) of the present invention, preferably such that the oxidant gas and the fuel gas mix only in the holes or pores of the burner face.

[0020] In an embodiment, the gas burner is a diffusion gas burner, preferably a diffusion flame gas burner.

[0021] Burner surface In an embodiment, the burner face is a circular surface, such as a disk.

[0022] In an embodiment, the burner surface comprises a ceramic or metallic material.

[0023] In an alternative embodiment, the burner surface is made from a ceramic or metallic material.

[0024] In another alternative embodiment, the burner surface comprises a metallic material, such as a metal or alloy.

[0025] In another alternative embodiment, the burner surface is made of a metallic material, such as a metal or alloy.

[0026] In certain embodiments, the metallic material is a continuous metallic material, a particulate metallic material that is, for example, fibers, particles, or a combination thereof, preferably spherical, hemispherical particles, or a combination thereof.

[0027] In more specific embodiments, the ceramic material is a ceramic oxide, a non-oxide ceramic, or a combination thereof. Non-limiting examples of "ceramic oxide" include alumina, alumina-silica, alumina-boro-silica, aluminum borosilicate, alumina-mullite, silica, zirconia, zirconia-silica, titania, titania-silica, rare earth oxides, or combinations thereof.

[0028] Non-limiting examples of "non-oxide ceramics" include silicon carbide, silicon carbonitride, silicon oxycarbide, silicon titanium oxycarbide, silicon nitride, aluminum nitride, silicon titanium, silicon alumina nitride, or combinations thereof.

[0029] In certain embodiments, the ceramic material is silicon carbide (SiC), silicon carbonitride (SiCN), alumina (Al2O3), alumina-mullite, aluminum borosilicate, silica (SiO2), or mixtures thereof.

[0030] In embodiments, the ceramic material is in the form of ceramic particles, such as spherical or hemispherical particles, ceramic fibers, or a combination thereof.

[0031] In an embodiment, the burner face includes holes or pores adapted to define a gas mixing zone.

[0032] In an embodiment, the burner face includes pores adapted to define a gas mixing zone.

[0033] In an embodiment, the burner surface is porous. Suitably, the burner surface has a porosity of at least 2%, suitably at least 3%, 4% or 5% of the total volume of the burner surface.

[0034] In an embodiment, the burner surface is porous. Preferably, the burner surface has a porosity of between 2% and 95%, more preferably between 3% and 90%, of the total volume of the burner surface.

[0035] In the context of the present invention, the expression "porosity" refers to the proportion of voids caused by pores or pores, and the ratio of the volume of voids to the total volume expressed as a percentage between 0% and 100%. Furthermore, the porosity can be calculated by liquid displacement methods, such as the water displacement method, well known in the art.

[0036] In an embodiment, the burner face includes holes adapted to define a gas mixing zone and / or a gas reaction zone, for example a gas reaction zone in which a flame occurs during combustion.

[0037] In an embodiment, the burner surface comprises at least 20 holes. In a particular embodiment, the burner surface comprises at least 100 holes, preferably at least 300 holes, more preferably at least 800 holes. In another particular embodiment, the burner surface comprises at least 100 holes, preferably at least 3000 holes, more preferably at least 6000 holes.

[0038] The number and pattern of holes in the burner face can be adjusted to provide the desired efficiency depending on the application.

[0039] The holes in the burner face are passage holes (e.g., the holes extend from one side of the burner face to the other). The holes can have any shape. For example, the holes can be slits, cylindrical holes, conical holes, or combinations thereof.

[0040] In certain embodiments, the holes in the burner face are slits.

[0041] In a more specific embodiment, the holes in the burner face have a continuous diameter along their length. In another more specific embodiment, the holes in the burner face have discontinuous diameters along their length.

[0042] In a more particular embodiment, the holes in the burner face have a cylindrical shape.

[0043] In certain embodiments, the holes in the burner face have an average diameter of 0.5 to 8 mm, preferably 1 to 7 mm, and more preferably 3 to 6 mm.

[0044] In certain embodiments, the holes in the burner face have an average diameter of less than 2 mm, preferably less than 1.5 mm, and more preferably less than 1 mm.

[0045] In a specific embodiment, the burner surface has a thickness of 0.5 to 20 mm. In another specific embodiment, the burner surface has a thickness of 0.5 to 15 mm. In even more specific embodiments, the burner surface has a thickness of 0.5 to 6 mm. In a preferred embodiment, the burner surface has a thickness of 0.5 to 2.5 mm. In a more preferred embodiment, the burner surface has a thickness of 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1.0, 1.2, or 1.5 mm.

[0046] In certain embodiments, the holes are perpendicular to the burner face and have a length equal to the thickness of the burner face.

[0047] In an embodiment, the holes of the burner face form a convex portion, the length of which is greater than the thickness of the burner face. In a particular embodiment, the convex portion of the burner face (2) extends towards the diffuser (3). In another particular embodiment, the convex portion of the burner face (2) extends away from the diffuser (3). In yet a more particular embodiment, the length of the convex portion is at least 5% greater than the thickness of the diffuser, preferably at least 10% greater than the thickness of the burner face, and more preferably at least 20% greater than the thickness of the burner face.

[0048] In more specific embodiments, the burner surface holes have a length between 0.5 and 20 mm. In preferred embodiments, the burner surface holes have a length between 0.5 and 6 mm. In more preferred embodiments, the burner surface holes have a length between 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1.0, 1.2, or 1.5 mm.

[0049] In certain embodiments, the porosity of the burner surface is at least 80% of the total volume of the burner surface, and in even more specific embodiments, the porosity of the burner surface is less than 60%, preferably less than 50%, more preferably less than 40%, even more preferably less than 30%, and even more preferably less than 25% of the total volume of the burner surface.

[0050] In a more specific embodiment, the holes in the burner face are between 15 and 65% of the total volume of the burner face, preferably between 20 and 60% of the volume.

[0051] In certain embodiments, the holes in the burner surface are distributed on the burner surface according to a pattern or logo. In further certain embodiments, the pattern or logo of holes is adapted to define a gas mixing zone and / or a gas reaction zone. For example, during combustion, each hole and / or pattern of holes in the burner surface defines a flame or a group of flames.

[0052] For example, patterns or logos can be utilized to adjust efficiency, change pressure drop, and / or enhance burner surface area without changing the overall size of the burner plate.

[0053] In a particular embodiment, the holes or pores of the burner face (2) are distributed across the burner face to form a concentric pattern, preferably a concentric circular pattern.

[0054] In a further particular embodiment, the holes or pores of the burner surface (2) are distributed across the burner surface to form at least two concentric ring patterns and / or radial patterns. Preferably, at least two concentric rings are connected by a radial pattern. More preferably, the holes are slits or cylindrical holes.

[0055] In an embodiment, the holes or pores in the burner face are adapted to define a gas mixing zone for the oxidant gas and the fuel gas.

[0056] As the oxidant gas and fuel gas flow through the gas burner, they come into contact with each other and mix in the holes or pores in the burner face.

[0057] In an embodiment, the holes or pores in the burner face are also suitable for defining a reaction zone. An example of a reaction zone during combustion is a flame or a group of flames, preferably a flame.

[0058] Without being bound by theory, the inventors have found that when the burner surface comprises a ceramic material, the temperature reached by the burner surface during combustion is reduced, thereby minimizing or even eliminating problems associated with oxidation, and the life of the burner surface is increased.

[0059] Diffuser The diffuser is between the burner face and the gas distributor. The diffuser of the gas burner of the present invention is a gas diffuser.

[0060] In an embodiment, the diffuser is a circular surface, such as a disk, preferably having the same area as the burner face.

[0061] In an embodiment, the diffuser is in contact with the burner face and / or the gas distributor.

[0062] In another particular embodiment, there is a gap or a gap between the diffuser and the burner face and / or the gas distributor. Preferably, there is a gap or a gap between the diffuser and the burner face. More preferably, the gap or the gap has a disk shape.

[0063] In a specific embodiment, the diffuser and the burner face are spaced a fixed distance apart, between 0.01 and 100 mm, and in a more specific embodiment, the diffuser and the burner face are spaced a fixed distance apart, between 0.01 and 15 mm, preferably between 1 and 8 mm.

[0064] In another specific embodiment, the diffuser and the burner surface are spaced apart by a fixed distance of 0.05-2.5 mm. In a specific embodiment, the diffuser and the burner surface are spaced apart by a fixed distance of less than 1.5 mm, preferably less than 1.25 mm, more preferably less than 1 mm, and even more preferably less than 0.75 mm. As used herein, the distance between the diffuser and the burner surface refers to the maximum distance between their proximal surfaces (i.e., the surface of the diffuser facing the burner surface and the surface of the burner surface facing the diffuser). Refers to...

[0065] In a particular embodiment, the gas burner diffuser is a diffusion surface with openings suitable for transferring an oxidizer gas and openings suitable for transferring a fuel gas. Preferably, the diffusion surface is a diffusion disk with openings suitable for transferring an oxidizer gas and openings suitable for transferring a fuel gas. The oxidizer gas flows through or passes the gas burner diffuser using only the openings suitable for transferring an oxidizer gas. The fuel gas flows through or passes the diffuser using only the openings suitable for transferring a fuel gas.

[0066] In an embodiment, the oxidant gas and fuel gas flow through the diffuser in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the diffuser.

[0067] The diffuser and the first or second gas distributor may be made of any material that can withstand the temperatures reached by the gas burner during combustion. In certain embodiments, the diffuser, the first or second gas distributor comprises a ceramic material, a metal, an alloy, or a mixture thereof. In another particular embodiment, the diffuser, the first or second gas distributor is made of a ceramic material, a metal, an alloy, or a mixture thereof.

[0068] The diffuser comprises an opening suitable for transferring an oxidant gas and an opening suitable for transferring a fuel gas. The opening suitable for transferring an oxidant gas and the opening suitable for transferring a fuel gas are different openings. The openings of the diffuser are not suitable for transferring a fuel gas and an oxidant gas simultaneously. In the context of the present invention, the term "transfer" with respect to the openings of the diffuser is to be interpreted as allowing a fluid such as a gas, in particular a particular gas, to flow through them.

[0069] In an embodiment, the diffuser comprises at least 20 apertures. In a specific embodiment, the diffuser comprises at least 100 apertures, preferably at least 300 apertures, and more preferably at least 800 apertures. In another specific embodiment, the diffuser comprises at least 1000 apertures, preferably at least 3000 apertures, and more preferably at least 6000 apertures.

[0070] The number of apertures in the diffuser of the present invention can be adjusted to provide the desired efficiency depending on the application.

[0071] The diffuser opening is a passage opening (e.g., the opening extends from one side of the diffuser to the other). The diffuser opening can have any shape. For example, the opening can be a slit, a cylindrical opening, a conical opening, or a combination thereof.

[0072] In a more specific embodiment, the diffuser opening has a continuous diameter along its length. In another more specific embodiment, the diffuser opening has a discontinuous diameter along its length.

[0073] In certain embodiments, the openings in the diffuser suitable for transferring oxidant gas have a continuous diameter along their length, and the openings in the diffuser suitable for transferring fuel gas have a discontinuous diameter along their length, preferably the diameter of the openings in the diffuser suitable for transferring fuel gas is smaller on the side of the diffuser facing the burner face.

[0074] In a more specific embodiment, the diffuser opening has a cylindrical shape.

[0075] In another particular embodiment, at least a portion of the openings of the diffuser have a conical shape. In yet a more particular embodiment, the openings of the diffuser suitable for transferring fuel gas have a conical shape.

[0076] In a preferred embodiment, the opening of the diffuser suitable for transferring the fuel gas has a conical shape and the opening of the diffuser suitable for transferring the oxidizing gas has a cylindrical shape.

[0077] In another preferred embodiment, the opening of the diffuser suitable for transferring the fuel gas is a conical opening, and the opening of the diffuser suitable for transferring the oxidant gas is a slit.

[0078] In more specific embodiments, the openings in the diffuser have an average diameter of less than 2 mm, preferably less than 1.5 mm, more preferably about 1.2 mm, and in more specific embodiments, the openings have an average diameter of 0.3 to 2 mm, preferably 0.4 to 1.2 mm, more preferably about 0.6 mm.

[0079] In embodiments, the opening of the diffuser is less than 80% of the total volume of the diffuser. In more specific embodiments, the opening of the diffuser is less than 60%, preferably less than 50%, more preferably less than 40%, even more preferably less than 30%, and even more preferably less than 20% of the total volume of the diffuser.

[0080] In certain embodiments, the diffuser openings form or follow a pattern or logo.

[0081] In certain embodiments, the openings suitable for transferring the oxidant gas follow a pattern of a diffuser and the openings suitable for transferring the fuel gas follow another pattern of the diffuser.

[0082] In a particular embodiment, the pattern followed by the openings suitable for transferring fuel gas in the diffuser is a ring pattern and / or a radial pattern. In an embodiment, the pattern followed by the openings suitable for transferring fuel gas in the diffuser surface is a ring pattern. In a further particular embodiment, the openings suitable for transferring fuel gas are distributed on the diffuser surface to form at least two ring patterns and a radial pattern. Preferably, at least two concentric rings are connected by a radial pattern.

[0083] In a particular embodiment, the pattern of openings suitable for transporting fuel gas in the diffuser is a ring pattern and / or a partial ring pattern. Preferably, the ring pattern and / or the partial ring pattern are arranged concentrically.

[0084] In certain embodiments, the pattern followed by the openings suitable for transporting fuel gas matches and / or overlaps with the pattern of holes in the burner face (2).

[0085] In certain embodiments, the openings suitable for transferring an oxidant gas and / or the openings suitable for transferring a fuel gas in the diffuser (3) form a convex portion extending towards the burner face (2).

[0086] Furthermore, in a particular embodiment, the openings in the diffuser (3) suitable for transporting fuel gas form a convex portion extending towards the burner face (2).

[0087] In the embodiment, the height from the bottom to the top of the convex portion of the diffuser (3) is 0.05 to 5 mm.

[0088] In a particular embodiment, the top of the convex portion of the diffuser (3) reaches the hole in the burner face (2). In another particular embodiment, the top of the convex portion of the diffuser (3) extends into the hole in the burner face. In a further particular embodiment, the top of the convex portion of the diffuser (3) extends into the hole in the burner face by at least 1% of the length of the hole, preferably by at least 10% of the length of the hole, more preferably by at least 25% of the length of the hole, and even more preferably by at least 50% of the length of the hole.

[0089] In another more specific embodiment, the top of the protrusion of the diffuser (3) is above the hole in the burner face, and the distance from the top of the protrusion to the bottom of the hole is less than 1000% of the length of the hole, preferably less than 400% of the length of the hole, and more preferably less than 200% of the length of the hole.

[0090] In another embodiment, the top of the protrusion of the diffuser (3) is below the hole in the burner face, and the distance from the top of the protrusion to the bottom of the hole is less than 1000% of the length of the hole, preferably less than 400% of the length of the hole, and more preferably less than 200% of the length of the hole.

[0091] In a particular embodiment, the top of the convex part of the diffuser (3) is spaced 0.05 mm to 5 mm below the bottom of the hole of the burner face (2).

[0092] In another particular embodiment, the top of the protrusion of the diffuser (3) is spaced 0.05 mm to 5 mm above the top of the hole of the burner face (2).

[0093] As used herein, the bottom of the hole in the burner face (2) refers to the end of the hole facing the diffuser (3).

[0094] In certain embodiments, the pattern followed by the openings of the diffuser (3) suitable for transporting an oxidant gas corresponds to and / or overlaps with the pattern of a first gas distributor (5) suitable for distributing an oxidant gas, and the pattern followed by the openings of the diffuser (3) suitable for transporting a fuel gas corresponds to and / or overlaps with the pattern of a second gas distributor (5) suitable for distributing a fuel gas.

[0095] The oxidant gas is a gas or a mixture of gases.

[0096] In the context of the present invention, the term "oxidizing agent" refers to an oxidizing agent, specifically an oxidizing gas, e.g., a gas that has the ability to oxidize other substances. Non-limiting examples of oxidizing agents include oxygen, ozone, air, or mixtures thereof.

[0097] In certain embodiments, the oxidant gas is an oxidizing gas, preferably oxygen, ozone, air, or a mixture thereof, more preferably air, in the context of the present invention, it being understood that air is well known in the art.

[0098] In certain embodiments, the oxidant gas comprises or consists of air.

[0099] In the context of the present invention, the term "fuel gas" may also be referred to as combustible gas.

[0100] Non-limiting examples of fuel gases include: - Hydrocarbon gases such as methane, butane, propane, etc.; - Manufactured fuel gas; -hydrogen; - Carbon monoxide; or - A mixture of them.

[0101] In the context of the present invention, the term "manufactured fuel gas" refers to those known in the art, particularly those that are usually produced by an artificial process such as gasification. Non-limiting examples of manufactured fuel gas include coal gas, water gas, producer gas, syngas, wood gas, biogas, blast furnace gas, acetylene, or mixtures thereof.

[0102] In certain embodiments, the fuel gas includes a hydrocarbon gas, such as methane, butane, propane, manufactured fuel gas, hydrogen, carbon monoxide, or a mixture thereof.

[0103] In another particular embodiment, the fuel gas comprises a hydrocarbon gas, such as methane, butane, propane, manufactured fuel gas, hydrogen, carbon monoxide, or mixtures thereof.

[0104] In certain embodiments, the fuel gas comprises hydrogen, preferably at least 95% by volume of the total volume of the fuel gas, more preferably at least 96% by volume, even more preferably at least 97% by volume, even more preferably at least 98% by volume, and even more preferably at least 99% by volume.

[0105] In a more particular embodiment, the fuel gas comprises hydrogen.

[0106] Gas distributor The gas burner of the present invention is provided with two gas distributors, which are named a first gas distributor and a second gas distributor for the sake of distinction. Alternatively, the gas distributors of the gas burner of the present invention may be named gas distributor A and gas distributor B.

[0107] The first gas distributor of the gas burner of the invention is suitable for distributing an oxidant gas. The second gas distributor of the gas burner of the invention is suitable for distributing a fuel gas.

[0108] In an embodiment, the first and second gas distributors are positioned below, and preferably in contact with, the diffuser (i.e., the diffuser is between the first and second gas distributors and the burner face).

[0109] In certain embodiments, the first gas distributor comprises an oxidant gas inlet.

[0110] In certain embodiments, the second gas distributor comprises a fuel gas inlet.

[0111] In certain embodiments, the burner face and the diffuser face are parallel, preferably parallel disks, more preferably parallel disks having the same area.

[0112] In an embodiment, the gas distributor of the gas burner of the present invention comprises a means for guiding the gas. In a particular embodiment, the gas distributor of the gas burner of the present invention comprises a means for guiding and / or distributing the gas, for example, in channels or conduits.

[0113] In a particular embodiment, the means for directing and / or distributing gas of a gas distributor of a gas burner forms a pattern of said gas distributor.

[0114] In a particular embodiment, the openings of the diffuser (3) suitable for transferring an oxidant gas form a pattern or logo on said diffuser, which pattern or logo at least partially overlaps or matches the pattern of the means for directing and / or distributing a gas of the first gas distributor, and / or the openings of the diffuser suitable for transferring a fuel gas form a pattern or logo on said diffuser, which pattern or logo at least partially overlaps or matches the pattern of the means for directing and / or distributing a gas of the second gas distributor.

[0115] In a further particular embodiment, the gas distributor of the gas burner of the present invention comprises means for directing the gas perpendicular to the burner face and the diffuser face.

[0116] In an embodiment, the first gas distributor comprises means for directing oxidant gas in a direction perpendicular to the burner face, and the second gas distributor comprises means for directing fuel gas in a direction perpendicular to the burner face.

[0117] In an embodiment, the diffuser of the gas burner of the invention is a diffuser surface, the first gas distributor comprises means for directing the oxidant gas in a direction perpendicular to the diffuser surface, and the second gas distributor comprises means for directing the fuel gas in a direction perpendicular to the diffuser surface.

[0118] In certain embodiments, the burner face and the diffuser face are parallel.

[0119] In a further particular embodiment, the means for guiding the gas of the gas distributor of the gas burner of the invention are also suitable for distributing the gas, in particular distributing the gas through different regions of the distributor.

[0120] In an embodiment, the means for guiding gas in the gas distributor of the gas burner is a channel or conduit, preferably an open channel or conduit.

[0121] In certain embodiments, the first gas distributor comprises an oxidizer gas inlet in fluid communication with a means for directing oxidizer gas perpendicular to the burner face and / or diffuser face, and the second gas distributor comprises an oxidizer gas inlet in fluid communication with a means for directing fuel gas perpendicular to the burner face and / or diffuser face.

[0122] Frame In an embodiment, the burner face, diffuser, first gas distributor, and second gas distributor of the gas burner of the present invention are attached to a frame by gas-impermeable seals. In an embodiment, the frame is adapted to guide gas in a direction perpendicular to the gas burner face and / or diffuser.

[0123] In an embodiment, the burner face, diffuser, first gas distributor, and second gas distributor of the gas burner of the present invention are attached to a frame by any attachment means known in the art, such as screws or bolts.

[0124] The gas-tight seal prevents the oxidant gas or fuel gas from exiting the frame (e.g., through gaps in the frame or between the frame and the burner face, diffuser, first gas distributor, or second gas distributor). Thus, the gas passes through the gas burner following a direction approximately perpendicular to the burner face. The gas-tight seal may be any material known in the art, such as a polymeric material.

[0125] In certain embodiments, the frame is adapted to hold a burner face, a diffuser, a first gas distributor, and a second gas distributor of a gas burner, preferably using attachment means.

[0126] In an embodiment, the frame has a central circular opening. Preferably, the opening has the area of ​​the burner surface (2). In particular, the opening is suitable for allowing a flame to be generated.

[0127] In a particular embodiment, the frame is adapted to cover the burner face of the gas burner, the diffuser, the first gas distributor, and the side of the second gas distributor. Preferably, the frame only covers the side.

[0128] The holes or pores on the burner surface of the gas burner of the present invention are - in fluid communication with the first gas distributor (4) via said openings suitable for transferring an oxidant gas in the diffuser (3), - in fluid communication with the second gas distributor (5) via said opening suitable for transferring fuel gas of the diffuser (3);

[0129] The oxidant gas and fuel gas mix within the holes or pores in the burner surface and, during combustion, the oxidant gas and fuel gas mix and react within the holes or pores in the burner surface to produce a flame.

[0130] In an embodiment, the holes in the burner face are larger than the openings in the gas diffuser face. Preferably, the diameter of the holes in the burner face is larger than the diameter of the openings in the gas diffuser face.

[0131] In a particular embodiment, the average diameter of the holes on the burner surface is 2.5 to 25 times the average diameter of the openings in the diffuser (3), preferably the average diameter of the openings in the diffuser (3) suitable for transporting fuel gas.

[0132] Without being bound by theory, the inventors have discovered that oxidizer gas and fuel gas that mix and react within the holes or pores of the burner surface have the advantage of preventing flashback and reducing oxidation problems at the burner surface.

[0133] In certain embodiments, the openings of a diffuser suitable for transferring an oxidant gas are distributed in a pattern on the diffuser and the openings of the diffuser suitable for transferring a fuel gas are distributed in a different pattern. The pattern of openings suitable for transferring an oxidant gas matches or overlaps with the means for directing an oxidant gas of the first gas distributor. The pattern of openings suitable for transferring a fuel gas matches or overlaps with the means for directing a fuel gas of the second gas distributor.

[0134] The inventors have also found that the presence of a diffuser between the burner face and the gas distributor of the gas burner of the invention provides the advantage that during combustion, the gas fuel and oxidant gas can reach in a controlled and homogeneous manner the holes or pores suitable for defining the gas mixing zone of the burner face, thus resulting in a more homogeneous flame and a higher combustion rate. This advantage is evident when the pattern of the diffuser openings matches or overlaps with the pattern of the means for directing the gas in the distributor for each specific gas.

[0135] cooling means In a particular embodiment, the gas burner of the invention comprises cooling means (8), i.e. means suitable for cooling the flame generated at the burner face during combustion (i.e. means for reducing by at least 10% the temperature reached by the generated flame).

[0136] In a further particular embodiment, the cooling means, i.e. means suitable for cooling the flame generated at the burner face (8), is at least one flat surface arranged on the burner face, preferably perpendicular to the burner face.

[0137] In a further particular embodiment, the cooling means, i.e. means suitable for cooling the flame generated at the burner surface, are two flat surfaces arranged on the burner surface, preferably perpendicular to the burner surface, preferably perpendicular to each other, for example forming a cross.

[0138] In certain embodiments, the at least one planar surface can have any shape, for example, the planar surface can have a rectangular shape, an arch shape, a tied arch shape, a half-disk shape.

[0139] In certain embodiments, at least one flat surface contacts the burner surface at only two or three points, preferably by means of protruding portions.

[0140] In certain embodiments, at least one of the flat surfaces includes a hole. Suitably, the at least one flat surface contacts the burner surface at two or three points by protruding portions, the hole being defined between the protruding portions.

[0141] In certain embodiments, the at least one flat surface is a fin or flipper.

[0142] In certain embodiments, at least one flat surface is attached to the diffuser, preferably at two or three points.

[0143] In an embodiment, the further surface comprises a ceramic-metal material, or a mixture thereof, hi another embodiment, the further surface consists of a metallic material, or a mixture thereof.

[0144] In an embodiment, the further surface comprises pores and / or pores.

[0145] Without being bound by theory, the inventors have found that the presence of cooling means in a gas burner has the advantage of reducing the temperature of the flame formed during combustion of the burner, thereby leading to a reduction in undesirable emissions.

[0146] Other Products A second aspect of the present invention is - a housing; - at least a gas inlet connected to said housing; A gas burner according to the invention in any of the particular embodiments, The present invention relates to a burner assembly comprising:

[0147] In certain embodiments, the housing includes a gas burner, as in any of the specific embodiments, that connects to at least one gas inlet.

[0148] A further aspect of the present invention is a heat exchanger, a gas burner of the invention in any of its particular embodiments or a burner assembly as defined in a particular embodiment, The present invention relates to a boiler equipped with

[0149] In an embodiment, the boiler is a water boiler and / or the heat exchanger is adapted to pass water through it.

[0150] In a particular embodiment, the gas burner of the present invention in any of the particular embodiments, or the burner assembly defined in the particular embodiment, generates heat under combustion that heats water inside a heat exchanger.

[0151] Usage A further aspect of the invention relates to the use of the gas burner of the invention in any of its particular embodiments in a boiler, water heater and / or cooking burner, preferably using a gas or mixture of gases.

[0152] A still further aspect of the invention relates to the use of a burner assembly according to certain embodiments in a burner for boilers, water heaters and / or cooking, preferably using a gas or mixture of gases.

[0153] A further aspect relates to a method comprising using the gas burner or burner assembly of the present invention in any of the specific embodiments in a boiler, water heater and / or cooking burner, preferably using a gas or mixture of gases.

[0154] A further aspect of the present invention relates to the use of the gas burner of the present invention according to a particular embodiment in hydrogen combustion applications.

[0155] A still further aspect of the present invention relates to the use of the gas burner assembly of the present invention according to certain embodiments in hydrogen combustion applications.

[0156] A further aspect relates to a method comprising using the gas burner or burner assembly of the present invention in any of the specific embodiments in a hydrogen combustion application.

[0157] Specific Embodiments Figure 1 shows a first embodiment of a gas burner (1) according to the invention, said gas burner (1) comprising a burner face (2) with holes or pores suitable for defining a gas mixing zone, a diffuser (3) below said burner face (2) with openings suitable for transporting an oxidizer gas and openings suitable for transporting a fuel gas, a first gas distributor (4) suitable for distributing an oxidizer gas such as air and a second gas distributor (5) suitable for distributing a fuel gas such as hydrogen, said first gas distributor and said second gas distributor being arranged below said diffuser (3). The first gas distributor and the second gas distributor are not shown in Figure 1.

[0158] The burner face (2), diffuser (3), first gas distributor (4) and second gas distributor (5) of the embodiment of FIG. 1 are attached to a frame (6) by a gas-impermeable seal (7) using suitable means for attachment such as screws. The frame (6) has a central circular opening with an area similar to that of the burner face (the frame covers only a portion of the burner face). The burner face of the gas burner of this embodiment is in fluid communication with the first gas distributor (4) through an opening in the diffuser (3) suitable for distributing oxidant gas and with the second gas distributor (5) through an opening in the diffuser (3) suitable for transporting fuel gas. Thus, when the gas flows through the gas burner, the oxidant gas and the fuel gas are mixed in the holes or pores of the burner face. The gas burner has gas inlets (not shown in FIG. 1), specifically a fuel gas inlet and an oxidant gas inlet with fuel gas conduits and oxidant gas conduits, respectively. The fuel gas inlet is at least partially housed in the first gas distributor, and the oxidant gas inlet is at least partially housed in the second gas distributor. The first gas distributor (4) and the second gas distributor (5) are independent of each other, i.e. the fuel gas and the oxidant gas are transferred in an independent manner. Also, the openings of the diffuser (3) suitable for transferring the oxidant gas and for distributing the fuel gas are likewise independent of each other.

[0159] In this embodiment, the diffuser (3) is provided between the burner surface (2) of the gas burner (1) and the gas distributors (4, 5), so that the amounts of oxidant gas and fuel gas required for gas combustion are generated and each can reach the respective mixing zones in each of the holes in the burner surface (2).

[0160] The diffuser (3) of this embodiment also ensures that the same amount of gas (both oxidant and fuel gas) reaches all gas mixing zones (holes in the burner face) equally, producing a similar flame and providing a uniform flame distribution on the burner face (2).The gas burner also allows for the adjustment of the respective amounts of oxidant and fuel gas (fuel to oxidant ratio) that reach the flame.

[0161] Figure 2 shows a partial exploded view of a second embodiment of a gas burner (1), comprising a burner face (2) with a number of slits (forming a concentric and radial pattern) suitable for defining a gas mixing zone, a diffuser (3) below the burner face (2) and not in contact with the burner face (3), the diffuser (3) having a cylindrical opening suitable for distributing an oxidizer gas and a cylindrical opening suitable for distributing a fuel gas, a first gas distributor (4) suitable for distributing an oxidizer gas such as air, and a second gas distributor (5) suitable for distributing a fuel gas such as hydrogen, the first and second gas distributors being arranged below the diffuser (3). The first and second gas distributors are not shown in Figure 2 but can be seen in Figure 3.

[0162] The burner face (2), diffuser (3), first gas distributor (4) and second gas distributor (5) of the embodiment of FIG. 1 are attached to a frame (6) by a gas-impermeable seal (7) using suitable means for attachment, such as screws. The frame (6) has a central circular opening with an area similar to that of the burner face (the frame covers only a portion of the burner face). The burner face of the gas burner of this embodiment is in fluid communication with the first gas distributor (4) through an opening in the diffuser (3) suitable for distributing an oxidizer gas, and with the second gas distributor (5) through an opening in the diffuser (3) suitable for transporting a fuel gas. The gas burner also has gas inlets (not shown in FIG. 1), specifically a fuel gas inlet and an oxidizer gas inlet with a fuel gas conduit and an oxidizer gas conduit, respectively. The fuel gas inlet is at least partially housed in the first gas distributor, and the oxidizer gas inlet is at least partially housed in the second gas distributor. The first gas distributor (4) and the second gas distributor (5) are independent of each other, i.e. the fuel gas and the oxidant gas are transferred in an independent manner, and the openings of the diffuser (3) suitable for transferring the oxidant gas and for distributing the fuel gas are likewise independent of each other.

[0163] In this embodiment, the diffuser (3) is provided between the burner surface (2) of the gas burner (1) and the gas distributors (4, 5), so that the amounts of oxidant gas and fuel gas required for gas combustion are generated and each can reach the respective mixing zones in each of the holes in the burner surface (2).

[0164] The diffuser (3) of this embodiment also ensures that the same amount of gas reaches all gas mixing zones (holes in the burner face) equally, producing a similar flame and providing a uniform flame distribution on the burner face (2). It also allows the amount of oxidizer and fuel gas (fuel to oxidizer ratio) that reaches the flame to be adjusted.

[0165] Figure 2 also shows cooling means (8), i.e. means suitable for cooling the flame and / or the burner face during combustion. In this embodiment, said means are two rectangular flat faces or plates, each with at least an opening arranged perpendicular to the burner face and perpendicular to each other (forming a cross). The flat faces or plates are attached to the diffuser (3) at two or three points on the burner face by protruding parts. The openings are defined between the protruding parts.

[0166] Further embodiments Further embodiments of the present invention include the following. 1.a) a burner surface (3) having holes or pores; b) a diffuser (3) having an opening suitable for distributing an oxidizer gas and an opening suitable for distributing a fuel gas; c) a first gas distributor (4) suitable for distributing an oxidant gas, such as air, and a second gas distributor (5) suitable for distributing a fuel gas, such as hydrogen; the diffuser (3) is between the burner surface (2) and the first gas distributor (4) and the second gas distributor (5); The holes or pores of the burner surface are a first gas distributor (4) in fluid communication with the first gas distributor (4) through the opening of the diffuser (3) suitable for distributing an oxidant gas; a second gas distributor (5) in fluid communication with the diffuser (3) through the opening suitable for distributing fuel gas; Gas burner (1). 2. The burner surface comprises or consists of a ceramic material; A gas burner (1) according to embodiment 1. 3. The ceramic material is a ceramic oxide, a non-oxide ceramic, or a combination thereof; A gas burner (1) according to a second embodiment. 4. The ceramic material is silicon carbide (SiC), silicon carbonitride (SiCN), alumina (Al2O3), alumina-mullite, aluminum borosilicate, silica (SiO2), or a mixture thereof; A gas burner (1) according to embodiment 3. 5. The burner surface has a porosity of 2% to 95% of the total volume of the burner surface; The porosity is the ratio of voids caused by pores or holes, and refers to the ratio of the volume of voids to the total volume expressed as a percentage of 0% to 100%. A gas burner (1) according to any one of the first to fourth embodiments. 6. The first gas distributor (4) comprises an oxidizer gas inlet and a means for directing the oxidizer gas perpendicular to the burner face, the oxidizer gas inlet being in fluid communication with the means for directing the oxidizer gas perpendicular to the burner face; the second gas distributor (5) comprises an oxidant gas inlet and a means for directing the oxidant gas perpendicular to the burner face, the oxidant gas inlet being in fluid communication with a means for directing the fuel gas perpendicular to the burner face, A gas burner (1) according to any one of the first to fifth embodiments. 7. The diffuser (3) comprises an area in which the openings suitable for distributing an oxidant gas are grouped together to form a logo or pattern, and an area in which the openings suitable for distributing a fuel gas are grouped together to form a logo or pattern. A gas burner (1) according to any one of the first to sixth embodiments. 8. Further comprising a cooling means (8) on the burner surface (2); A gas burner (1) according to any one of the first to seventh embodiments. 9. The cooling means (8) comprises at least one flat surface perpendicular to the burner surface (2); A gas burner (1) according to embodiment 8. 10.- Housing and - at least a gas inlet connected to said housing; - a gas burner as defined in any of the first to ninth embodiments, A burner assembly comprising: 11.- A heat exchanger; - the gas burner as defined in any of the first to ninth embodiments or a burner assembly as defined in the tenth embodiment, A boiler equipped with 12. Use of the gas burner according to any of the embodiments 1-9 or the burner assembly according to embodiment 10 in a boiler, water heater, cooking burner, preferably using a gas or a mixture of gases. 13. The use according to embodiment 12, wherein the gas or mixture of gases comprises hydrogen. 14. The use according to embodiment 12, wherein the hydrogen is more than 95% by volume of the total volume of the mixture of gases. 15. Use of the burner as defined in any of embodiments 1 to 9, the burner assembly according to embodiment 10, or the boiler according to embodiment 11 in a hydrogen combustion application.

Claims

1. a) A burner surface (2) having holes or pores, b) A diffuser (3) having an opening suitable for transferring an oxidizing gas and an opening suitable for transferring a fuel gas, c) A first gas distributor (4) suitable for distributing an oxidizing gas such as air, and a second gas distributor (5) suitable for distributing a fuel gas such as hydrogen, In a gas burner (1) equipped with, The diffuser (3) is located between the burner surface (2) and the first gas distributor (4) and the second gas distributor (5). The holes or pores on the burner surface are - The diffuser (3) is in fluid communication with the first gas distributor (4) through the opening suitable for transferring the oxidizing gas, - The diffuser (3) is in fluid communication with the second gas distributor (5) through the opening suitable for transferring the fuel gas, - The holes in the burner surface (2) form protrusions, the length of which is greater than the thickness of the burner surface, and the protrusions extend toward the diffuser (3). - The opening suitable for transferring the fuel gas of the diffuser (3) has a protrusion that extends toward the burner surface (2), - As a result, the oxidizer gas and the fuel gas are mixed in the holes or pores on the burner surface. Gas burner (1).

2. The burner surface contains or is made of a ceramic material. The gas burner (1) according to claim 1.

3. The aforementioned ceramic material is a ceramic oxide, a non-oxide ceramic, or a combination thereof. The gas burner (1) according to claim 2.

4. The aforementioned ceramic material is silicon carbide (SiC), silicon carbonitride (SiCN), alumina (Al ２ O ３ ), alumina mullite, aluminum borosilicate, silica (SiO ２ ), or a mixture thereof, The gas burner (1) according to claim 3.

5. The burner surface has a porosity of 2% to 95% of the total volume of the burner surface. The aforementioned porosity refers to the proportion of voids created by pores or pores, and is expressed as a percentage from 0% to 100% of the total volume, representing the ratio of the volume of voids to the total volume. A gas burner (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

6. The first gas distributor (4) comprises an oxidizing agent gas inlet and means for guiding the oxidizing agent gas perpendicular to the burner surface, wherein the oxidizing agent gas inlet is in fluid communication with the means for guiding the oxidizing agent gas perpendicular to the burner surface, The second gas distributor (5) comprises an oxidizer gas inlet and means for guiding the oxidizer gas perpendicular to the burner surface, wherein the oxidizer gas inlet is in fluid communication with the means for guiding the fuel gas perpendicular to the burner surface. A gas burner (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

7. The holes on the burner surface have a cylindrical shape. A gas burner (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

8. The opening suitable for transferring the fuel gas of the diffuser (3) has a conical shape. A gas burner (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

9. The top of the protrusion of the opening suitable for transferring fuel gas in the diffuser (3) is located 0.05 mm to 5 mm below the bottom of the hole in the burner surface (2). A gas burner (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

10. The top of the protrusion of the opening suitable for transferring fuel gas in the diffuser (3) reaches or extends into the hole in the burner surface. A gas burner (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

11. The diffuser (3) comprises a region in which the openings suitable for distributing an oxidizing gas are grouped together to form a logo or pattern, and a region in which the openings suitable for distributing a fuel gas are grouped together to form a logo or pattern. A gas burner (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

12. The burner surface (2) is further provided with a cooling means (8), A gas burner (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

13. The cooling means (8) comprises at least one flat surface perpendicular to the burner surface (2), The gas burner (1) according to claim 12.

14. - Housing and, - At least a gas inlet connected to the housing, - The gas burner as defined in any one of claims 1 to 4, A burner assembly equipped with the following features.

15. - Heat exchanger, - A gas burner as defined in any one of claims 1 to 4, or a burner assembly comprising the gas burner as defined in any one of claims 1 to 4, a housing, and at least a gas inlet connected to the housing, A boiler equipped with a boiler.

16. A method of using a gas burner according to any one of claims 1 to 4, or a burner assembly comprising the gas burner and housing and at least a gas inlet connected to the housing, preferably in a boiler, water heater, or cooking burner using gas or a mixture of gases.

17. The aforementioned gas or mixture of gases contains hydrogen. The method of use according to claim 16.

18. The hydrogen exceeds 95% by volume of the total volume of the gas mixture. The method of use according to claim 16.

19. For hydrogen combustion applications, the burner as defined in any of claims 1 to 4, A burner assembly for hydrogen combustion applications comprising the gas burner and housing and at least a gas inlet connected to the housing as defined in any one of claims 1 to 4, or A method of using a boiler for hydrogen combustion applications, comprising a gas burner and a heat exchanger as defined in any one of claims 1 to 4, or a burner assembly comprising a gas burner and a housing and at least a gas inlet connected to the housing, and a heat exchanger.

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