Assembly and construction method for pavement using the reverse construction method

Abstract

This is an assembly and construction method using the reverse pouring method for pavement surfaces. [Solution] The assembly construction method of pavement using the upside-down construction method includes step 1, which is the production of prefabricated slabs, in which prefabricated slabs are made using the upside-down construction method, with bolt sleeves that penetrate vertically into the prefabricated slabs and the bolt sleeves are evenly distributed throughout the prefabricated slabs; and step 2, which is the installation of the prefabricated slabs, in which the prefabricated slabs are positioned all at once on top of the cleaned lower bearing plate in accordance with the installation sequence of the mounting segments, and then fine-tuning is made to the position and elevation of the prefabricated slab before grout injection construction is carried out, finally forming a complete paved road surface. The prefabricated slabs are first paved with bricks and then concrete is poured into them, and finally the mold is turned over and installed, which cancels the on-site concrete adhesion between the bricks and the lower bearing plate, increases the overall stability after the bricks and prefabricated slabs are installed, greatly reducing the phenomenon of bricks falling off during operation, perfectly achieving the assembly-type installation of paved road surfaces, while keeping construction costs down and accelerating construction time.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of construction of automobile test driving grounds, and more particularly to a top-down construction type assembly construction method for paved road surfaces. [Background technology]

[0002] The low adhesion coefficient road surface of the automobile test drive field is a road surface for testing the steering force control and stability control of automobiles, the most representative of which is basalt brick road and tile road, which belong to the paved road surface. Such road surfaces are required to withstand large impact loads from high-speed vehicles, emergency braking, sudden steering, runaway turning, etc., which is a huge test for both the smoothness and durability of such road surfaces.

[0003] Chinese patent CN108582414A discloses a mold buckle and prefabricated construction method for road surface prefabricated blocks, which uses concrete to cast a prefabricated base, paves a steel slab on the surface of the base, and supports the surrounding side mold on the steel slab, and in the side mold, produces a block containing tile brick / basalt brick, concrete, and rebar cage. After the production of the prefabricated block is completed, the prefabricated block can be directly turned over until the side on which the tile / basalt tile is paved faces up, and then paved on the road surface. In this invention, the mold includes leveling the steel slab before paving the brick, then the leveled steel plate is used to produce the prefabricated block, and finally the prefabricated block is directly laid on the road surface of the roadbed, but because the road surface of the roadbed may be uneven or inclined, the flatness of the road surface is poor after direct paving, which may cause the unevenness of the water film of the road surface with a low adhesion coefficient during testing, thereby affecting the accuracy of the experimental data. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] An object of the present invention is to provide a method for assembling and constructing a pavement surface using a reverse construction method, which solves or alleviates the problems existing in the prior art. [Means for solving the problem]

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] Step 1 is the fabrication of a prefabricated slab, using a top-down method to fabricate a prefabricated slab, with bolt sleeves extending vertically through the prefabricated slab and evenly spaced throughout the prefabricated slab; Step 2 is the installation of the prefabricated slab, which is to place the prefabricated slab on the cleaned lower bearing plate in accordance with the installation sequence of the installation segments, fine-tune the position and elevation of the prefabricated slab, and then inject grout to finally form a complete pavement surface. The step of making fine adjustments to the position and elevation of the prefabricated slab comprises: Rough adjustment of the elevation by threading a leveling bolt into the bolt sleeve of each prefabricated slab, bringing the lower end of the leveling bolt into contact with the concrete surface of the lower bearing plate, and twisting the leveling bolt to raise the prefabricated slab until the elevation of the slab surface of the prefabricated slab matches the elevation of the hanging line. Lift the prefabricated slab slightly with a lifting device (crane device), push the prefabricated slab manually (artificially) to the required distance, and slowly lower the prefabricated slab, fine-tuning the position, For each prefabricated slab, the elevation of the four corner points of each prefabricated slab is measured with an electronic level, and after measuring all the points and calculating the adjustment value, a unified adjustment sequence is planned, the adjustment principle is equalization adjustment, and the leveling bolts are twisted according to the planned sequence, including fine adjustment of the elevation. In step 1, a prefabricated slab is fabricated on a super flat prefabricated pedestal, a side mold is attached and fixed, and then the bricks are reversely buckled to the super flat prefabricated pedestal inside the side mold. The bricks are arranged on the super flat prefabricated pedestal paved with a demolding barrier layer, and the brick joints and gaps between the bricks are filled with caulking strips. After the reverse paving of the bricks is completed, a first reserved hole mold is installed, and a layer of polymer dry mix mortar with a thickness of 8 mm to 10 mm is laid on the back of the bricks. After the polymer dry mix mortar is finally solidified, a first reinforcing mesh sheet and a second reserved hole mold are installed. A side mold, a second reinforcing bar net sheet, and a pre-embedding steel slab are installed, and a bolt sleeve is fixed to the pre-embedding steel slab, and a grouting hole is opened in the pre-embedding steel slab. After the above steps are completed, concrete is poured, and finally, a complete prefabricated slab is formed. After the concrete strength reaches 75% of the design strength, the side mold is turned over with a sand pile according to a crane, and the flatness and specification dimensions of the brick surface of the prefabricated slab are inspected. For the prefabricated slabs that have passed the test, a caulking strip is immediately taken out and sewn in a timely manner, and then the prefabricated slabs are numbered and stored. The second reserved hole mold and the first reserved hole mold are attached to correspond to the position of the bolt sleeve, and when concrete is poured inside the side mold, the inside of the second reserved hole mold and the first reserved hole mold are not poured, and the area corresponding to the first reserved hole mold is not filled, so that the leveling and grout injection reserved hole is made.

[0007] In the prefabricated slab of the present invention, the bricks are paved first, concrete is poured, and finally the mold is turned over and installed, which eliminates the on-site concrete adhesion between the bricks and the lower bearing plate, improves the overall stability after the bricks and prefabricated slab are installed, and greatly reduces the phenomenon of bricks falling off during operation of the road.

[0008] Based on the principle of "changing small block laying to large block paving", this invention changes the paved road surface from "small block" paving to "large block" prefabricated installation, and combines a specially designed pre-embedding structure and artificial work to realize a prefabricated slab high-precision paving made of paving bricks, thereby ensuring the stability of the entire road surface and high precision of flatness. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0009] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a design of a prefabricated slab according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the design of a prefabricated slab according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Diagram 3] 1 is a schematic diagram of a pre-embedded steel slab according to an embodiment of the present invention; [Figure 4] FIG. 2 is a schematic design diagram of a lifting hole pre-filling member according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Diagram 5] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a prefabricated slab before concrete is poured in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 6] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a prefabricated slab when pouring concrete according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 7] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a prefabricated slab after concrete has been poured in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 8] FIG. 2 is a process diagram of prefabricated slab reversal according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 9] 11A to 11C are schematic diagrams illustrating a process for fine-tuning a position according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 10] 1 is a schematic diagram of a "big block" assembly installation process in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 11] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the configuration of a prefabricated slab after leveling and brick assistance in the reserved grout injection hole according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0010] The method mainly includes four steps: design of the prefabricated slab, preparation before pouring the prefabricated slab, pouring and maintenance of the prefabricated slab, and turning over the prefabricated slab. Step 1 is the production of the prefabricated slab, in which the present invention uses the inverted pouring method to produce the prefabricated slab, and the bolt sleeves 3 are provided vertically inside the prefabricated slab, and the bolt sleeves 3 are evenly provided on the prefabricated slab. Step 2 is the installation of the prefabricated slab, which is placed on the cleaned lower bearing plate 2 in accordance with the installation sequence of the installation segments, and then fine-tuning is made to the position and elevation of the prefabricated slab, followed by grout injection construction, and finally forming a complete paved road surface; This is an assembly and construction method for pavement using a reverse pouring method, which includes the following.

[0011] The basis for classifying the planar dimensions of prefabricated slabs is the design width of the lane, the length of the lane, the layout of the expansion joints along the length of the lane, and the width of the design brick joint. The principle of classification is to place an appropriate integer number of bricks in the length and width of the prefabricated slab. Most prefabricated slabs have the same dimensions, but the ends or small parts of the lane are adjustable slabs with different dimensions. The width of the gap between the slabs is the same as the width of the brick joint, and the expansion joint is reserved (reserved) according to the designed width of the expansion joint, so as to balance the lifting capacity and lifting stability. The length and width of the prefabricated slab are generally less than 3m, and the thickness (including the thickness of the brick 11) is controlled at around 25cm. In addition to considering the lifting capacity and lifting stability, the classification limit value of the prefabricated slab also takes into account that the prefabricated slab is too large to bear its own weight load, and will cause warping deformation and destruction during the lifting and storage process of the prefabricated slab. The dimension of the prefabricated slab should not be too small, and there are too many slab joints, which is disadvantageous to the control of flatness and effectively shortening the construction period.

[0012] The prefabricated slab needs to be inverted in the production installation process, the reinforcement in the slab needs to follow the two-way double-layer design, the grout injection hole 4 and the lifting hole pre-embedded member 7 need to be installed between the double-layer reinforcing steel mesh sheet and firmly welded to the reinforcing steel mesh sheet, and the concrete strength grade should be C30 or above (the specific reinforcement and concrete strength can be calculated and designed according to the actual situation), the grout injection holes 4 should be left at the four corners of the prefabricated slab (the distance from the edge of the prefabricated slab to one or two bricks), and the lifting holes should be installed on a pair of long sides to reduce the bending moment in the middle of the slab during lifting, and two lifting holes should be provided on each side to facilitate the lifting. The lifting holes are installed at a position 0.21 times the side length from the end head, which reduces the bending moment in the middle of the slab when it is lifted. For example, refer to Figures 1 and 2 for prefabricated slab design. It is based on the designs of the roadway width and length, brick joint width, etc., and follows the principles of integer block arrangement in the length and width of the prefabricated slab, unification of the dimensions of the prefabricated slab, lifting capacity and stability, etc., the length and width of the prefabricated slab are 3m or less, and the thickness of the prefabricated slab is about 25cm. The block area of ​​the prefabricated slab of this invention not only meets the economical efficiency of 11 bricks, but its structural design also guarantees the overall strength of the prefabricated slab and ensures that the prefabricated slab will not deform when stored, turned over, transported, installed, etc.

[0013] For the test lane of low adhesion coefficient road surface, which is 200.895m long and 4.915m wide, the size of the prefabricated slab is 2455mm*2045mm, the size of the brick 11 is 200mm*200mm, the brick joint is 5mm, the total thickness of the prefabricated slab is 200mm, including the basalt brick with a thickness of 32mm, the polymer dry mortar with a thickness of 8mm, and the C35 reinforced concrete slab with a thickness of 160mm, and the size of the pre-embedded steel slab 10 is 360mm*360mm*20mm.

[0014] The pre-casting preparation of the prefabricated slab mainly includes three steps: processing and installation of the side mold 1, back-buckling and arrangement of the brick, and installation of the reinforcing steel mesh sheet and pre-embedded components. Specifically, it includes the steps of processing the side mold 1, assembling the side mold 1, back-buckling and arrangement of the brick, filling the brick joint molding, laying the polymer dry blend mortar on the back side of the brick, installing the reinforcing steel mesh sheet, pre-embedded components, and the upper preliminary hole mold of the grout injection hole 4, casting and maintenance of concrete, demolding the prefabricated slab, flipping the mold, sewing, storing, etc.

[0015] The processing and installation of the side mold 1 are as follows: The design principle of the side mold 1 is that the side mold 1 needs to have sufficient rigidity, prevent deformation during rotation, and ensure that the four sides of the prefabricated slab protrude, reducing the adjustment room of the slab joint and even installation, and ensure that the side mold 1 presents a relatively perfect rectangle when assembled, to avoid diagonal twisting.

[0016] The side mold 1 is made of four thick-walled steel bars to ensure sufficient rigidity. A steel slab is installed at the joint of the end head to limit the position, and a 90-degree angle is forced to be formed after the template is connected. Before assembly, a release agent is applied. After assembly, the length and width, mold center width, diagonal length and template verticality are inspected to ensure that the error is 1mm and the dimensional accuracy after assembly meets the design requirements. A lifting hole is provided on the side of the side mold 1, and the lifting hole is located at a position 0.21 times the side length from the end head. There are two lifting holes on each side of the side mold.

[0017] A prefabricated slab is fabricated on a super-flattened prefabricated base, a side mold 1 is attached and fixed, and then a brick 11 is reverse-buckled to the super-flattened prefabricated base inside the side mold 1. The brick 11 is arranged on the super-flattened prefabricated base paved with a release barrier layer, and the brick joints are filled with a caulking strip 9. After the reverse paving of the brick 11 is completed, a first reserved hole mold is attached, and then a layer of polymer dry blend mortar with a thickness of 8 mm to 10 mm is laid on the back of the brick. After the polymer dry blend mortar is finally solidified, a first rebar net sheet 5, a second reserved hole mold 14, a second rebar net sheet 6, and a pre-embedded steel slab 10 are attached, and a bolt sleeve 3 is fixed to the pre-embedded steel slab 10, but the pre-embedded steel slab 10 is not grouted. After the concrete strength reaches 75% of the design strength, the side mold 1 is inverted with the sand pile according to the crane, and the flatness and specification dimensions of the brick surface of the prefabricated slab are inspected. For the prefabricated slabs that pass the test, the caulking strip 9 is immediately and promptly sewn, and the prefabricated slabs are numbered and stored. The second reserved hole mold 14 and the first reserved hole mold are installed corresponding to the position of the bolt sleeve 3. When concrete is poured inside the side mold 1, the inside of the second reserved hole mold 14 and the first reserved hole mold are not poured, and the corresponding part of the first reserved hole mold is not filled, so as to form the reserved hole 12 for leveling and grout injection.

[0018] The installation of the side mold 1 is carried out on the super-flattened prefabricated base, and after laying the barrier layer plastic film for base release, the side mold 1 is assembled on the barrier layer, the side mold 1 should be lightly held and left during the rotation process, and placed on a flat ground to prevent collisions, and placed aloft to avoid deformation, and a release agent should be applied in advance before each assembly, and a release agent should be applied after assembly to prevent contamination of the brick surface inside the mold and the back surface of the brick, which will affect the adhesive strength of the material, and the concrete slurry attached to the mold surface should be immediately cleaned up after each demolding, and a wire brush should be used for cleaning, and not hammered. After each assembly, the length and width dimensions must be inspected, and the length and width of the template center and the lengths of the two diagonals must also be inspected. As for the straightness of the template, if a deformed template is found, it must be sent back to the manufacturer for mechanical calibration in a timely manner, and must not be calibrated on-site by hitting it with a sledgehammer. Those that cannot be calibrated must be discarded, and new templates must be supplemented according to the progress of construction to prevent the prefabricated slab from being too deformed.

[0019] For the reverse buckling and placement of the bricks, the reverse buckling and placement of the bricks is started after the side mold 1 is assembled and passed the inspection. Before placing the bricks, check whether the barrier layer plastic film is disturbed in the process of placing the side mold 1, check whether there are wrinkles or air bubbles, if there are, lift the side mold 1 slightly to flatten the barrier layer plastic film, and according to the design placement situation, put the bricks into the side mold 1 with the brick face down, and temporarily insert them vertically into the brick joint using the caulking strip 9 to control the brick joint width. Before putting in, check that there is no dirt or dust on the base surface and on the brick surface in the mold, if not, it must be cleaned up. The caulking strip 9 is made of wooden strips cut by hand and can be made to the required size. The width is equal to the design brick joint, and the height is determined according to the fillet condition of the brick surface. After the bricks 11 are all placed, the interlocking wooden strips are inserted within the entire length of the brick joint until the wooden strips contact the upper surface of the base. Then, the bricks 11 are lightly tapped with a rubber hammer to ensure that the bricks are laid one by one and the brick surface is in close contact with the base surface. Then, the bricks 11 at the reserved holes 12 for leveling and grout injection are removed, and the first reserved hole mold is inserted into the space of the removed bricks 11. The brick 11 and the first reserved hole mold are lightly tapped with a rubber hammer to make the brick surface and the first reserved hole mold adhere to the base surface. A small amount of water is sprinkled on the back of the brick to moisten it. The water should not be too much to prevent moisture accumulation. Then, a layer of 8mm to 10mm thick polymer dry blend mortar is laid on the back of the brick, and after it is leveled, the slab and the hair are rubbed. The mortar is mixed with water according to the amount of water required in the product instructions and stirred evenly. After the dry blend mortar on the back of the brick is finally solidified, the installation work of the reinforcing steel mesh sheet can be carried out.

[0020] For the installation of the reinforcing steel mesh sheet and the pre-embedded members, the first reinforcing steel net sheet 5 and the second reinforcing steel net sheet 6 are processed on the processing shelf and tightly bound. If there is a collision between the reinforcing steel and the reserved hole position, the position of the reinforcing steel is adjusted. After the dry blend mortar behind the brick is finally solidified, the reinforcing steel mesh sheet is placed in the mold. The first reinforcing steel net sheet 5 is cushioned by a concrete cushion block to cushion the concrete lower protective layer. The thickness of the concrete lower protective layer is 2±0.2cm. The second reinforcing steel net sheet 6 is made of horse stool (horse The first reinforcing bar net sheet 5 is supported by a first reinforcing bar net sheet 5 through a stool, and a concrete upper protective layer with a thickness of 3±0.3 cm is formed on the upper side of the first reinforcing bar net sheet 5. Before the second reinforcing bar net sheet 6 is installed, the pre-embedded member is installed, and the pre-embedded member includes a pre-embedded steel slab 10 and a lifting hole pre-embedded member 7 corresponding to the lifting hole. The pre-embedded steel slab 10 is welded to the first reinforcing bar net sheet 5. Then, the second reservation hole mold 14 is placed on the pre-embedded steel slab 10. Finally, the second reinforcing bar net sheet 6 is installed, and the lifting hole pre-embedded member 7 is fixedly connected to the first reinforcing bar net sheet 5 through a connecting bar. Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the pre-embedded steel slab.

[0021] The lifting hole pre-embedded member 7 is an M32 bolt sleeve 3, and the bolt lug can be screwed to lift the prefabricated slab during lifting. When the lifting hole pre-embedded member 7 is installed, the reserved lifting hole is aligned to support the inner wall of the side mold 1, and an M32 screw is screwed in from the outside of the template, thereby installing and stabilizing the pre-embedded member, and at the same time, preventing the lifting hole pre-embedded member 7 from being blocked by the concrete slurry during casting. The outer side of the lifting hole pre-embedded member 7 is welded to the reserved lifting hole, as shown in FIG. 4, the inner side of the lifting hole pre-embedded member 7 is welded through the connecting bar 8 and the reinforcing steel mesh sheet, and at the same time, the position of the reinforcing steel mesh sheet is also fixed; the bolt sleeve 3 is welded through the center of the pre-embedded steel slab 10; the bolt sleeve 3 is an M32 sleeve, which is welded through the pre-embedded steel slab 10, and the length of the sleeve is not less than 5 cm; the bolt sleeve 3 can be screwed into the leveling bolt 13 at the subsequent installation site of the prefabricated slab to make it flat; the pre-embedded steel slab 10 has a grout injection hole 4 next to the bolt sleeve 3; the pre-embedded steel slab 10 is placed on the first reserved hole mold, and then the auxiliary rib is inserted into the pre-embedded steel slab 10; Then, the second reserved hole mold 14 is placed on the pre-embedded steel slab 10, and finally the second reserved hole mold 14 is attached to the pre-embedded steel slab 10 through the second reserved hole mold 6, and the second reserved hole mold 14 is pressed to the pre-embedded steel slab 10 with iron wire, whereby the cross-sectional dimensions of the first reserved hole mold and the second reserved hole mold 14 are at least 5 cm smaller than the dimensions of the pre-embedded steel slab 10, and each side of the pre-embedded steel slab 10 is exposed at least 5 cm from the first reserved hole mold and the second reserved hole mold 14, so as to ensure that each side of the pre-embedded steel slab 10 is embedded in more than 5 cm of concrete after concrete is poured. 1 and 2 are schematic diagrams of the configuration of the reinforcing steel mesh sheet, FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the configuration of the pre-embedded steel slab, and FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the configuration of the prefabricated slab after the completion of the reverse buckling and placement of the bricks.

[0022] The pouring and maintenance of concrete includes the following: before pouring concrete, a small amount of water should be sprayed on the surface of the dry-mixed mortar to make it moist; the concrete label should conform to the design requirements; the degree of collapse should be controlled to 80-120mm; each prefabricated slab should be poured at once; the concrete should be poured into the mold artificially; the concrete should not be poured directly from the tank truck into the template; the concrete should be placed on a shim plate or cart equipped next to the template; the concrete should be scooped into the mold artificially; and the concrete should be vibrated with a small vibrating rod or flat slab vibrator. However, the rebars must not come into contact with the pre-embedded components and the bottom dry-mixed mortar layer, and must not be vibrated closely, especially at the locations of the pre-embedded components. After the concrete pouring is completed, it must be immediately covered with plastic film, earthwork cloth or insulation material, etc., depending on the temperature conditions, and maintained to keep the concrete surface moist and freezing. Before the prefabricated slab is moved to its base, it must be kept warm, moistened, watered and maintained for at least 7 days. Figures 5, 6 and 7 are schematic diagrams of the configuration of the prefabricated slab before, during and after concrete pouring, respectively.

[0023] The specific steps of the prefabricated slab turning are as follows: When the air temperature is above 15°C, the side mold 1 (with a demolding strength of ≥ 2, 5 MPa) should be removed 24 hours after general concrete pouring, and the bolt lugs fixing the lifting hole pre-embedded members 7 should be removed before demolding, and the adhesion between the lifting hole pre-embedded members 7 and the concrete should be avoided when the bolt lugs are retracted; after the side mold 1 is removed, the heat preservation, moisture preservation and maintenance should be continued, and the prefabricated slab should be moved from the base after the concrete strength reaches 75% of the design strength (at least 7 days of maintenance). As shown in Figure 8, a sand pile is set up next to the prefabricated base as the turning site of the prefabricated slab, and the prefabricated slab is turned over with the sand pile artificially in line with the crane. The purpose of turning over the prefabricated slab with the sand pile is mainly to avoid the brick surface being hit and damaged in the unprotected turning process.

[0024] During storage, 2-3 square timber mats should be placed under the prefabricated slabs. Each prefabricated slab to be stacked and stored should not be more than 5 stories high. 2-3 square timbers should be placed between layers to isolate it. The flatness and specified dimensions of the brick surface of the prefabricated slabs should be inspected. For prefabricated slabs that meet the requirements, the caulking strip 9 should be immediately removed and sewn in a timely manner. The prefabricated slabs that meet the requirements should be stacked upright 48 hours after the sewing of the lower layer prefabricated slabs is completed. Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a prefabricated slab when the caulking strip 9 is not removed after inversion. At the same time, the prefabricated slabs should be numbered and labeled, and distinctions should be made between prefabricated slabs with different model numbers.

[0025] The installation of prefabricated slabs mainly includes the steps of prefabricated slab layout, rough adjustment of elevation, fine adjustment of position, fine adjustment of elevation and grout injection, and can be divided into the steps of construction of the lower bearing plate 2, installation and grout injection planning, prefabricated slab layout, rough adjustment of elevation, fine adjustment of position, fine adjustment of elevation, leveling and grout injection reservation hole brick arrangement, and stitching between slabs.

[0026] For the layout of the prefabricated slab, a marking grid is drawn on the concrete surface of the lower bearing plate 2 in advance, and when the prefabricated slabs are positioned in one go according to the installation sequence of the installation segments, a clamping strip is made with a stick of the same width as the slab joint to control the gap between the slabs, and when the slabs are placed, the clamping strip is used to control the gap between the slabs, and the clamping strip is placed close to the four corners of the prefabricated slab to ensure that the prefabricated slab falls into the marking grid during the process of placing the slab. The installation sequence is generally carried out gradually from one end to the other end, and it is recommended to transport the prefabricated slab of the corresponding model number from the storage location of the prefabricated slab to the installation site, and to use a transport vehicle with an accompanying crane, and after the prefabricated slab arrives at the installation site, it is directly hung at its installation position (within the marking grid), so as to position the prefabricated slab as accurately as possible in one go, and reduce the amount of work required for fine adjustment of the position later. For example, Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the process of changing a "small block" prefabricated slab to a "big block" prefabricated installation. When the slabs are placed, clamping strips are used to control the gap between the slabs to prevent the plate from colliding with the brick surface during the drop. The clamping strips need to be placed close to the four corners of the prefabricated slab. The error of the four corners of the prefabricated slab is generally small, and the middle part may protrude outward due to the deformation of the side mold 1 of the prefabricated slab. In this way, the slab joint will be too wide, and the error will accumulate and the prefabricated slab will exceed the range of the installation section. Therefore, during the process of placing the slab, it is necessary to check from time to time whether the plate can fall into the ink grid. If there is a problem, it can be adjusted in a timely manner to evenly adjust the error, thereby ensuring that the overall length of the final roadway conforms to the design requirements.

[0027] However, the steps for making fine adjustments to the position and elevation of the prefabricated slab are: coarse elevation adjustment, fine position adjustment, fine elevation adjustment, and end of pouring.

[0028] In order to reduce the amount of measurement work involved in the coarse adjustment of elevation, the coarse adjustment adopts a method of using sampling control piles to flatten the hanging line, adjusting the standard plate elevation at a certain distance, and using the hanging line to adjust the remaining plate elevations. Before the coarse adjustment, the leveling bolts 13 are screwed into the bolt sleeves 3 of each prefabricated slab 10, the lower ends of the leveling bolts 13 are brought into contact with the concrete surface of the lower bearing plate 2, and the leveling bolts 13 are twisted to raise the prefabricated slabs until the elevation of the slab surface of the prefabricated slab matches the elevation of the hanging line. Because the prefabricated slabs are heavy, the bolts can be turned by applying force and then using a large torque, and a special "T" shaped sleeve wrench can be added and a long rotating handle can be welded to the top. Each prefabricated slab 10 is provided with four bolt sleeves 3. When roughly adjusting the elevation, two workers rotate the leveling bolts 13 in one direction at the same time, and the four bolts of the same prefabricated slab 10 are gradually adjusted in a balanced manner, with one bolt rotating a maximum of 1-2 times before rotating the next bolt, and so on until the elevation of the slab surface of the prefabricated slab 10 matches the hanging line elevation. If the adjustment height of one bolt is too large, the prefabricated slab will tilt and displace, and even push the adjacent prefabricated slab, causing it to shift out of place and the joints will not fit the vertical and horizontal slab joints.

[0029] In fine adjustment of the position, the prefabricated slab should be lifted slowly and evenly. After the rough adjustment of the elevation, the position of the prefabricated slab will still have a slight shift, so it is necessary to make fine adjustments to the position. As shown in Figure 9, the prefabricated slab should be lifted slightly with the lifting device, and then the prefabricated slab should be manually pushed to the required distance, and then the prefabricated slab should be slowly lowered. It is strictly prohibited to use a crowbar to use the adjacent prefabricated slab as a fulcrum to pry it open and move it, because this will cause the prefabricated slab brick surface to collapse. As shown in Figure 9, a simple hanger should be used to align the hoist crane, and the nut head of the leveling bolt 13 should be used as the lifting point to lift the prefabricated slab a small distance, and the tip of the leveling bolt 13 should not be forced to leave the lower bearing plate 2, and then the leveling and grout injection reserved hole should be used as the force point to artificially push the prefabricated slab to the required position, and then stabilize it, and the prefabricated slab can be slowly placed. The position adjustment should take into account the overall surface, and the hanging line method should be used to make the vertical and horizontal slab joints straight and uniform. In aligning the prefabricated slabs and fine-tuning the elevation, the final fine-tuning of the elevation is performed after the position fine-tuning is completed. For each prefabricated slab, the elevation of the four corner points of each prefabricated slab is measured with an electronic level and the difference from the design value is calculated. It is not possible to measure one point and adjust one point. After measuring all points and calculating the adjustment value, a unified adjustment sequence is planned. The adjustment principle is equalization adjustment. The leveling bolts 13 are twisted according to the planned sequence. It is not possible to adjust one bolt too high at one time, because doing so will shift the plate. When fine-tuning the elevation, each bolt is adjusted half a turn at a time, and then the next bolt is adjusted in a cycle. After the adjustment, it is necessary to ensure that each bolt is in effective contact with the surface of the lower bearing plate 2 to prevent the prefabricated slab from shaking. When adjusting the elevation, the ruler should also be used to check the flatness between the ruler and the surrounding prefabricated slabs to ensure that it meets the flatness requirements of the design. If the deviation of flatness is large, first check whether the elevation between the prefabricated slab and the surrounding prefabricated slabs has changed due to contact during the adjustment process.If the elevation is accurate, large deviations will not appear in the general flatness, and small flatness deviations can be considered for removal by fine-tuning the elevation.

[0030] At the end of injection, after the fine adjustment of one mounting segment is completed, it is necessary to grout in a timely manner. Before grouting, the dust and impurities in the leveling space are purged through the grout injection hole 4 by compressed air to ensure that there is no dust in the grout injection hole 4 and the degassing area. The grout injection holes 4 are reserved at the four corners of the prefabricated slab 10 and at a distance of 1 to 2 bricks from the edge of the prefabricated slab 10. The diameter of the grout injection hole 4 is φ20mm. Before grouting, high-labeled cement mortar is used to seal the gaps and slab joints between the surrounding prefabricated slab and the lower bearing plate, to prevent the slurry from leaking out of the grout injection area. Preferably, the slurry injection material is a concrete prestressed hole slurry with high strength, good fluidity, no water secretion, no layer separation, good durability, early strength, and micro-expansion. Then, grouting is carried out to fill the leveling space between the prefabricated slab and the surface of the lower bearing plate 2 and the gaps between the slabs of adjacent prefabricated slabs, making them dense and free of holes; in order to prevent the panels from rising during the grouting process, an electronic level is used to monitor in real time whether the prefabricated slabs are lifted during the grouting process; after grouting is completed, the elevation and flatness of all prefabricated slabs are inspected immediately, and the elevation and flatness are adjusted in a timely manner before the slurry solidifies; after grouting is completed, bricks 11 are assisted to be pasted into the leveling and grouting reserved holes 12, and the prefabricated slabs 10 are sewn; after the sewing is completed, the road surface is cleaned, and the installation of the road surface of the prefabricated slabs is completed; FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a prefabricated slab assisted to be pasted with bricks 11.

[0031] The present invention uses an inverted construction method to fabricate prefabricated slabs, which ensures the durability and flatness of the brick surface on top of the prefabricated slabs; when installing the prefabricated slabs, high-precision installation of the prefabricated slabs is achieved through initial positioning, rough adjustment of elevation, fine adjustment of position and fine adjustment of elevation, which ensures the stability of the entire road surface and high precision of flatness; and, compared with on-site artificial paving, construction costs are kept low and construction time is accelerated. [Explanation of symbols]

[0032] 1 Side mold 2 Lower Bearing Plate 3 Bolt Sleeve 4 Grout injection hole 5. First Reinforced Concrete Net Sheet 6 Second Reinforced Concrete Net Sheet 7 Lifting hole pre-embedded parts 8 Connecting muscles 9 Caulking Strips 10 Pre-embedded steel slab 11. Brick 12 Leveling and grouting holes 13 Leveling bolt 14 Second reserved hole mold

Claims

1. Step 1 is the production of a prefabricated slab, using a reverse construction method to produce a prefabricated slab, wherein the prefabricated slab has a bolt sleeve that penetrates vertically and is evenly distributed in the prefabricated slab; Step 2 is the installation of the prefabricated slab, which is to position the prefabricated slab at once on the cleaned lower bearing plate according to the installation sequence of the installation segments, then fine-tune the position and elevation of the prefabricated slab, and then perform grout injection construction to finally form a complete pavement surface; The step of making fine adjustments to the position and elevation of the prefabricated slab comprises: Rough adjustment of the elevation by threading the leveling bolts into the bolt sleeves of each prefabricated slab, bringing the lower ends of the leveling bolts into contact with the concrete surface of the lower bearing plate, and twisting the leveling bolts to raise the prefabricated slabs until the elevation of the slab surface of the prefabricated slabs matches the elevation of the hanging line; Lift the prefabricated slab slightly with the lifting device, manually push the prefabricated slab to the required distance, and slowly lower the prefabricated slab, fine-tuning the position, For each prefabricated slab, the elevation of the four corner points of each prefabricated slab is measured with an electronic level, and after measuring all the points and calculating the adjustment value, the adjustment sequence is unified, the adjustment principle is equalization adjustment, and the leveling bolts are twisted according to the planned sequence, and the elevation is fine-tuned. In step 1, the prefabricated slab is fabricated on the super-flattened prefabricated base, the side mold is installed and fixed, and then the brick is reversely buckled on the super-flattened prefabricated base inside the side mold, and the brick is arranged on the super-flattened prefabricated base paved with a release barrier layer, and the brick joint is filled with a caulking strip. After the reverse paving of the brick is completed, the first reserved hole mold is installed, and then a layer of 8mm to 10mm thick polymer dry blend mortar is laid on the back of the brick. After the polymer dry blend mortar is finally solidified, the first rebar net sheet, the second reserved hole mold, and the second 2. Install the reinforcing bar net sheet and the pre-embedded steel slab, and fasten the bolt sleeve to the pre-embedded steel slab, where the pre-embedded steel slab has a grout injection hole. After the above steps are completed, pour concrete and finally form a complete prefabricated slab. After the concrete strength reaches 75% of the design strength, the side mold is inverted with the sand pile according to the crane, and the flatness and specification dimensions of the brick surface of the prefabricated slab are inspected. For the prefabricated slabs that pass the test, the caulking strip is immediately put out and sewn in a timely manner, and then the prefabricated slabs are numbered and stored. The second reserved hole mold and the first reserved hole mold are attached to correspond to the position of the bolt sleeve, and when pouring concrete inside the side mold, the insides of the second reserved hole mold and the first reserved hole mold are not poured, and the area corresponding to the first reserved hole mold is not filled, so that reserved holes are used for leveling and grout injection. This is a method of assembling and constructing a pavement surface using a reverse pouring method, characterized in that

2. 2. The method for assembling and constructing pavement using the inverted pouring method according to claim 1, wherein each prefabricated slab is provided with four bolt sleeves; when roughly adjusting the elevation, two workers rotate the leveling bolts in one direction at the same time, and the four bolts of the same prefabricated slab are gradually adjusted in a balanced manner, with one bolt rotating a maximum of one or two times before rotating the next bolt, and so on until the elevation of the slab surface of the prefabricated slab matches the elevation of the hanging line; when finely adjusting the elevation, each bolt is adjusted half a turn once before adjusting the next bolt, and so on; after adjustment, it is necessary to ensure that each bolt is in effective contact with the surface of the lower bearing plate to prevent the prefabricated slab from shaking; and when adjusting the elevation, a ruler is further used to check the flatness between the ruler and the surrounding prefabricated slabs to ensure that the flatness requirements of the design are met.

3. The method for assembling and constructing pavement surfaces using the inverted pouring method described in claim 1, characterized in that in step 2, a marking grid is drawn in advance on the concrete surface of the lower bearing plate, and when the prefabricated slabs are positioned all at once according to the installation sequence of the mounting segments, clamp strips are made with sticks of the same width as the slab joints to control the gap between the slabs, and when the slabs are positioned, the clamp strips control the gap between the slabs, and the clamp strips are positioned close to the four corners of the prefabricated slabs to ensure that the prefabricated slabs fall into the marking grid during the process of positioning the slabs.

4. 2. The method for assembling and constructing pavement using the inverted pouring method according to claim 1, wherein in step 2, after the fine-tuning of one mounting segment is completed, grouting is required in a timely manner, and high-index cement mortar is used to seal the gaps and slab joints between the surrounding prefabricated slabs and the lower bearing plate before grouting, and then grouting is performed to fill the leveling space between the prefabricated slab and the surface of the lower bearing plate and the inter-slab gaps of adjacent prefabricated slabs, and an electronic level is used to monitor in real time whether the prefabricated slabs are lifted during the grouting process, and the elevation and flatness of all prefabricated slabs are immediately inspected after grouting is completed, and the elevation and flatness are adjusted in a timely manner before the slurry solidifies.

5. 5. The method for assembling and constructing a pavement surface by the inverted pouring method according to claim 4, characterized in that before grouting, dust and impurities in the leveling space are purged with compressed air through the grout injection hole.

6. The method for assembling and constructing pavement surfaces using the inverted pouring method described in claim 1, characterized in that the grout injection holes are reserved at the four corners of the prefabricated slab and at a distance of 1 to 2 bricks from the edge of the prefabricated slab, and the diameter of the grout injection holes is φ20 mm.

7. The assembly and construction method for pavement surfaces using the inverted construction method described in claim 1, characterized in that after grouting is completed, bricks are assisted and attached to the reserved holes for leveling and grout injection, and the prefabricated slabs are sewn together, and after sewing, the road surface is cleaned and the installation of the prefabricated slab road surface is completed.

8. 2. The method for assembling and constructing a pavement surface using a reverse pouring method as described in claim 1, characterized in that: the first reinforcing bar net sheet cushions the lower concrete protective layer with a concrete cushion block, the thickness of the lower concrete protective layer is 2±0.2 cm; the second reinforcing bar net sheet is supported by the first reinforcing bar net sheet via a hose stool; a concrete upper protective layer having a thickness of 3±0.3 cm is formed on the upper side of the first reinforcing bar net sheet; a pre-embedded member is attached before the second reinforcing bar net sheet is attached; the pre-embedded member includes a pre-embedded steel slab, the pre-embedded steel slab is welded to the first reinforcing bar net sheet; then a second reservation hole mold is placed on the pre-embedded steel slab; and finally the second reinforcing bar net sheet is attached.

9. A method for assembling and constructing pavement surfaces using a reverse pouring method as described in claim 8, characterized in that a lifting hole is provided on the side edge of the side mold, the lifting hole is provided at a position 0.21 times the side length from the end head, two lifting holes are provided on each side of the side mold, the pre-embedded member includes a lifting hole pre-embedded member corresponding to the lifting hole, and the lifting hole pre-embedded member is fixedly connected to the first reinforcing bar net sheet via a connecting bar.

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