Indicating device

Abstract

The present invention provides a display device. The display device includes a display panel and a light splitting element disposed on the display side of the display panel. The display panel includes a plurality of pixel islands arranged in an array along a row direction and a column direction. Each pixel island includes n sub-pixels arranged at intervals along the row direction, where n is an integer greater than 1. The display panel has a predetermined horizontal direction and a predetermined vertical direction perpendicular to the predetermined horizontal direction. The light splitting element extends along a first direction and includes a plurality of light splitting repeating units continuously arranged along the predetermined horizontal direction. The light splitting repeating unit includes M light splitting structures extending along the first direction. In the row direction, the width of the M light splitting structures is equal to the width of K pixel islands. M and K are positive integers. The angles between the first direction and the predetermined horizontal direction and between the first direction and the predetermined vertical direction are both greater than 0.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of display technologies, and in particular, to a display device.

Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of display technologies, three-dimensional (3D) display technologies have attracted increasing attention. With 3D display technologies, display images can be made three-dimensional and realistic. The principle is that when the left eye and the right eye of a human receive left-eye images and right-eye images with a certain parallax respectively, and the brain overlaps and fuses the received parallax images, a visual display effect of a 3D image is constructed. In mobile terminal products, since both landscape screens and portrait screens are commonly used, how to design a bidirectional naked-eye 3D product that is completely compatible with both landscape screens and portrait screens is an urgent issue.

Summary of the Invention

[0003] The display device provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes a display panel and a light splitting element disposed on the display side of the display panel, the display panel includes a plurality of pixel islands arranged in an array along a row direction and a column direction, each of the pixel islands includes n sub-pixels arranged at intervals along the row direction, where n is an integer greater than 1, the display panel has a predetermined horizontal direction and a predetermined vertical direction perpendicular to the predetermined horizontal direction, the light splitting element includes a plurality of light splitting repeating units extending along a first direction and continuously arranged along the predetermined horizontal direction, the light splitting repeating unit includes M light splitting structures extending along the first direction, in the row direction, the widths of the M light splitting structures are equal to the widths of K pixel islands, M and K are positive integers, and both the angle between the first direction and the predetermined horizontal direction and the angle between the first direction and the predetermined vertical direction are greater than 0.

[0004] In some embodiments, the row direction is parallel to a predetermined horizontal direction, and the column direction is parallel to a predetermined vertical direction.

[0005] In some embodiments, both the angle between the row direction and the predetermined horizontal direction and the angle between the row direction and the predetermined vertical direction are greater than 0, and both the angle between the column direction and the predetermined horizontal direction and the angle between the column direction and the predetermined vertical direction are greater than 0. The first direction is parallel to the column direction.

[0006] In some embodiments, after the light emitted from the light-emitting regions of each sub-pixel in the K pixel islands is split by the M light-splitting structures, a spatially continuous light-emitting region is formed.

[0007] In some embodiments, M = K = 1.

[0008] In some embodiments, M > K = 1, or K > M = 1.

[0009] In some embodiments, M and K are not equal, M and K are both integers greater than 1, M and K are relatively prime to each other, and K * n and M are relatively prime to each other.

[0010] In some embodiments, the sub-pixel includes a sub-pixel aperture region, and in the row direction, the ratio of the total width of the n sub-pixel aperture regions to the width of the pixel island is 0.9 / M or more and 1 or less.

[0011] In some embodiments, in the row direction, the light-emitting regions of each sub-pixel in the K pixel islands are spatially complementarily joined.

[0012] In some embodiments, in the row direction, the ratio of the width of the sub-pixel aperture region to the width of the pixel island is 1 / M.

[0013] In some embodiments, in the row direction, the light-emitting regions of each sub-pixel in the K pixel islands spatially overlap each other.

[0014] In some embodiments, in the row direction, the light-emitting regions of the sub-pixels within the K pixel islands spatially overlap uniformly.

[0015] In some embodiments, in the row direction, the ratio of the width of the sub-pixel aperture region to the width of the pixel island is i / M, where i is an integer greater than 1 and less than or equal to M - 1.

[0016] In some embodiments, M = 2 and K = 3.

[0017] In some embodiments, both the angle between the first direction and a predetermined horizontal direction and the angle between the first direction and a predetermined vertical direction are 45°.

[0018] In some embodiments, the sub-pixel includes a sub-pixel aperture region, the shape of the sub-pixel aperture region is rectangular, and two pairs of opposite sides of the rectangle are parallel to the row direction and the column direction, respectively.

[0019] In some embodiments, the sub-pixel includes a sub-pixel aperture region, the shape of the sub-pixel aperture region is a parallelogram, one pair of opposite sides of the parallelogram is parallel to the row direction, and another pair of opposite sides of the parallelogram is parallel to the first direction.

[0020] In some embodiments, the display panel includes an array substrate and a counter substrate. The array substrate includes a plurality of scanning lines extending along the row direction and a plurality of data lines extending along the column direction. The counter substrate is disposed opposite to the array substrate and includes a light-shielding layer, and the light-shielding layer includes a plurality of the sub-pixel aperture regions.

[0021] In some embodiments, the display device further includes a spacer dielectric layer disposed between the light splitting element and the display panel.

[0022] In some embodiments, the light splitting structure is a cylindrical lens.

[0023] In some embodiments, the cylindrical lens includes a first resin layer having protrusions and a planarization resin layer disposed on a side of the first resin layer away from the display panel, and the refractive index of the planarization resin layer is smaller than the refractive index of the first resin layer.

[0024] In some embodiments, the cylindrical lens is a liquid crystal lens.

[0025] In some embodiments, the radius of curvature of the cylindrical lens is 0.9r or more and 1.24r or less, Here,

[0026]

Number

[0027] where, n1 is the refractive index of the first resin layer or the extraordinary-ray refractive index of the liquid crystal lens, n2 is the refractive index of the planarization resin layer or the ordinary-ray refractive index of the liquid crystal lens, n3 is the refractive index of the spacer dielectric layer, L1 is the optimal viewing distance of the display device, P1 is the width of the pixel island in the row direction, θ is the angle between the first direction and the column direction, and W is the projection width of the main flap viewing angle formed by the light emitted from the sub-pixel at the optimal viewing distance.

[0028] In some embodiments, every three of the pixel islands continuously arranged in the column direction form one pixel repetition unit, Within one pixel repetition unit, the display of the sub-pixels of the same pixel island is the same, and the display colors of the sub-pixels of different pixel islands are different.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0029] To more clearly explain the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings necessary for the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments. Those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0030]

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

Figure 6

Figure 7

Figure 8

Figure 9

Figure 10

Figure 11

Figure 12

Figure 13

Embodiments for Carrying Out the Invention

[0031] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the described embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0032] Unless otherwise defined, technical terms or scientific terms used in the present invention shall have the ordinary meanings understood by those skilled in the technical field to which the present invention belongs. The "first", "second", and similar words used in the present invention do not indicate order, quantity, or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. Words such as "including" or "containing" mean that the elements or things appearing before such words include the elements or things listed after such words and their equivalents without excluding other elements or things. Words such as "connected" or "coupled" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, and may include direct or indirect electrical connections. "Upper", "lower", "left", "right", etc. are only used to express relative positional relationships, and when the absolute positions of the described objects change, the corresponding relative positional relationships may also change accordingly.

[0033] Note that the sizes and shapes of the respective figures in the drawings do not reflect actual dimensions, but are only for explaining the present invention. Throughout the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals indicate the same or similar elements, or elements having the same or similar functions.

[0034] As shown in FIGS. 1 and 5, an embodiment of the present invention provides a display device including a display panel 01 and a light splitting element 02.

[0035] The display panel 01 includes a plurality of pixel islands S arranged in an array along the row direction x and the column direction y. Each pixel island S includes n sub-pixels 08 arranged at intervals along the row direction x. Here, n is an integer greater than 1, the display panel has a predetermined horizontal direction X and a predetermined vertical direction Y perpendicular to the predetermined horizontal direction X, and the row direction x in FIG. 1 is perpendicular to the column direction y.

[0036] The light splitting element 02 is located on the display side of the display panel 01. The light splitting element 02 includes a plurality of light splitting repeating units 03 extending along the first direction Y' and continuously arranged along the predetermined horizontal direction X. The light splitting repeating unit 05 includes M light splitting structures A extending along the first direction Y'. In the row direction x, the widths of the M light splitting structures A are equal to the widths of K pixel islands S. M and K are positive integers, and both the angle between the first direction Y' and the predetermined horizontal direction X and the angle between the first direction Y' and the predetermined vertical direction Y are greater than 0.

[0037] The widths of the M light splitting structures in the row direction x are equal to the widths of the K pixel islands. That is, it can be considered that the K pixel islands in the row direction x correspond to the M light splitting structures. For example, in FIG. 1, each pixel island contains 10 sub-pixels, and one light splitting structure corresponds to 10 sub-pixels. FIGS. 2, 3, and 4 show schematic diagrams of the view formed in space after the light emitted by the sub-pixels is split by the light splitting structure directly above the sub-pixels and the view received by the human eye. The numbers of each region represent the corresponding viewpoints. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the view received by the human eye when the connecting line between the human eyes is parallel to a predetermined horizontal direction, and FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the view received by the human eye when the connecting line between the human eyes is parallel to a predetermined vertical direction. From FIGS. 3 and 4, it can be seen that the human eye can see the parallax images in both the predetermined horizontal direction and the predetermined vertical direction.

[0038] In the display device provided by the embodiment of the present invention, both the angle between the extending direction of the light splitting structure and the predetermined horizontal direction X and the angle between the extending direction of the light splitting structure and the predetermined vertical direction Y are greater than 0. That is, the light splitting structure is arranged obliquely with respect to the predetermined horizontal direction X and the predetermined vertical direction Y. Thereby, the human eye can see the parallax images in both the predetermined horizontal direction and the predetermined vertical direction. Furthermore, the display device can realize two-way three-dimensional (3D) display and improve the user experience.

[0039] The "space where the light emitted by the sub-pixels is split by the light splitting structure directly above the sub-pixels" refers to the visible space of the display device.

[0040] In some embodiments, after the light emitted from the light-emitting regions of each sub-pixel within the K pixel islands is spectrally split by the M light-splitting structures, a spatially continuous light-emitting region is formed. Since the size of the light-splitting structures is small in the row direction, for the K×n sub-pixels corresponding to the M light-splitting structures, it is impossible for the human eye to distinguish which light-splitting structure is specifically emitting light. To the human eye, the light emitted from the K×n sub-pixels and split by the M light-splitting structures above the sub-pixels appears to form a spatially continuous light-emitting region, and the human eye cannot see a "black zone" when moving within the visible space. It should be noted that the viewing angle includes a main lobe viewing angle and a side lobe viewing angle. The main lobe viewing angle refers to the viewing angle formed in space after the light emitted by the sub-pixel is split by the light-splitting structure directly above the sub-pixel. The side lobe viewing angle refers to the viewing angle formed in space after the light emitted from the sub-pixel passes through the light-splitting structure near the light-splitting structure directly above the sub-pixel. For example, a primary side lobe viewing angle is formed after the light passes through the first light-splitting structure adjacent to the light-splitting structure directly above the sub-pixel, and a secondary side lobe viewing angle is formed after the light passes through the second light-splitting structure adjacent to the light-splitting structure directly above the sub-pixel, and so on.

[0041] Note that the predetermined horizontal direction X and the predetermined vertical direction Y of the display panel are also the predetermined horizontal direction X and the predetermined vertical direction Y of the display device. The specific directions of the predetermined horizontal direction X and the predetermined vertical direction Y can be set according to the use and appearance of the display device, etc. For example, when the display panel or the display device is rectangular and the rectangle has a pair of long sides and a pair of short sides, the direction parallel to the long side is the predetermined horizontal direction and the direction parallel to the short side is the predetermined vertical direction, or the direction parallel to the long side is the predetermined vertical direction and the direction parallel to the short side is the predetermined horizontal direction. For example, in the case of a display device such as a mobile phone, the direction parallel to the short side can be set as the predetermined horizontal direction, and in the case of a display device such as a tablet computer, the direction parallel to the long side can be set as the predetermined horizontal direction.

[0042] Note that the display device provided by the embodiments of the present invention is applicable to three-dimensional (3D) display and can also realize the switching between 3D display and 2D display. The pixel islands can be used as sub-pixels for 2D display. Since the pixel islands contain a plurality of sub-pixels, the same resolution as that of 2D display can be maintained even in the 3D display mode. By combining an eye-tracking system, a multi-view display with a wide viewing angle can be realized. Furthermore, a 3D display with a large number of pixels per inch (ppi) can be realized, more information can be obtained, and color crosstalk between adjacent viewpoints can be reduced.

[0043] In a specific embodiment, the light splitting structure is used to control the emission angle of each sub-pixel and emits light with directivity.

[0044] In a specific embodiment, the display panel is one of a liquid crystal display panel (LCD), an organic light emitting diode (OLED) display panel, a quantum dot light emitting diode (QLED), a micro inorganic light emitting diode (micro LED) display panel, or a mini light emitting diode (mini LED) display panel.

[0045] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 1, one pixel repeating unit 04 is formed for every three pixel islands S continuously arranged in the column direction y.

[0046] In one pixel repeating unit 04, the displays of the sub-pixels 08 of the same pixel island S are the same, and the display colors of the sub-pixels 08 of different pixel islands S are different.

[0047] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 1, one pixel repeating unit 04 includes a first pixel island 05, a second pixel island 06, and a third pixel island 07. The first pixel island 05 includes a plurality of red sub-pixels R, the second pixel island 06 includes a plurality of green sub-pixels G, and the third pixel island 07 includes a plurality of blue sub-pixels B.

[0048] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 1, the display colors of the sub-pixels 08 in the row of the pixel island S are the same.

[0049] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 5, the display device further includes a spacer dielectric layer 09 located between the light splitting element 02 and the display panel 01.

[0050] In some embodiments, the light splitting structure is a cylindrical lens.

[0051] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 5, the cylindrical lens 010 includes a first resin layer 011 having protrusions and a planarization resin layer 012 disposed on a side of the first resin layer 011 away from the display panel 01. The refractive index of the planarization resin layer 012 is smaller than the refractive index of the first resin layer 011.

[0052] Alternatively, in some embodiments, the cylindrical lens is a liquid crystal lens. In certain embodiments, when the cylindrical lens is a zoomable liquid crystal lens, the cylindrical lens can have different radii of curvature at different viewing angles, and relatively small adjacent viewpoint crosstalk can be obtained without significant changes associated with the variation of the radius of curvature. Also, the viewing range where the crosstalk between the left eye and the right eye becomes zero may be widened.

[0053] Of course, in certain embodiments, the light splitting structure may be a structural device such as a geometric lens, a diffractive lens, or a liquid lens that can control the light emission direction of the sub-pixels.

[0054] In some embodiments, the arrangement height of the light splitting structure, that is, the thickness H of the spacer dielectric layer 106, satisfies the following conditions.

[0055]

Equation

[0056] Here, L1 is the optimal viewing distance of the display device, W is the projection width of the main flap viewing angle formed by the light emitted from the sub-pixels at the optimal viewing distance, that is, W is the sum of the widths of the viewpoints without repeated viewpoints at the optimal viewing distance. n3 is the refractive index of the spacer dielectric layer. P2 is the width of the cylindrical lens in the direction perpendicular to the first direction.

[0057] Specifically,

[0058]

Number

[0059] is.

[0060] Here, P1 is the width of the pixel island in the row direction, and θ is the angle between the first direction and the column direction. That is,

[0061]

Number

[0062] is.

[0063] In some embodiments, the radius of curvature of the cylindrical lens is 0.9r or more and 1.24r or less.

[0064] Here,

[0065]

Number

[0066] is.

[0067] n1 is the refractive index of the first resin layer or the e - light refractive index of the liquid crystal lens, n2 is the refractive index of the planarizing resin layer or the o - light refractive index of the liquid crystal lens, n3 is the refractive index of the spacer dielectric layer, L1 is the optimal viewing distance of the display device, and W is the projection width of the main flap viewing angle formed by the light emitted from the sub - pixel at the optimal viewing distance.

[0068] [Number]

[0069] is the ideal value of the radius of curvature of the cylindrical lens obtained according to the ideal lens focal plane design, that is, the value at which the pixel light - emitting surface is located on the lens focal plane. In a specific embodiment, the radius of curvature of the cylindrical lens can be adjusted according to the ideal value of the radius of curvature according to actual needs.

[0070] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 1, both the angle between the first direction Y' and the predetermined horizontal direction X and the angle between the first direction Y' and the predetermined vertical direction Y are 45°. Since the predetermined vertical direction Y in FIG. 1 is preset to be parallel to the column direction y, that is, θ = 45°.

[0071] Thus, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the display device provided by the embodiments of the present invention not only realizes that a human eye can view a parallax image in a predetermined horizontal direction and a predetermined vertical direction, but also makes the parallax of the left eye and the right eye the same in both the predetermined horizontal direction and the predetermined vertical direction. Furthermore, the same display effect that the user sees in both the predetermined horizontal direction and the predetermined vertical direction can be realized. Further, when it is necessary to perform a 3D time - limited layout by comparing the boundary data of the sub - pixel emission angle spectrum with the included angle between the center of the user's eye and the center of all pixel island groups, since the sub - pixel emission angle spectrum is the same in the predetermined horizontal direction and the predetermined vertical direction with respect to the light - splitting structure, the difficulty of the layout is reduced. For example, in FIGS. 3 and 4, the parallax of the left eye and the right eye is 5 in both the predetermined horizontal direction and the predetermined vertical direction.

[0072] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 1, the row direction x is parallel to a predetermined horizontal direction X, and the column direction y is parallel to a predetermined vertical direction Y.

[0073] In some embodiments, the row direction x is parallel to a predetermined horizontal direction X, the column direction y is parallel to a predetermined vertical direction Y, and both the angle between the first direction Y' and the predetermined horizontal direction X and the angle between the first direction Y' and the predetermined vertical direction Y are 45°. On a column, the width of the M optical splitting structures A is equal to the width of the K pixel islands S. In some embodiments, in the row direction, the width of the pixel island is equal to the width of the pixel island in the column direction. As shown in FIG. 1, in the row direction, the width of the pixel island and the width of the pixel island in the column direction are both P1. Correspondingly, in the row direction, the width of the optical splitting structure is equal to the width of the optical splitting structure in the column direction.

[0074] In some embodiments, M = K = 1. That is, in the row direction x, the width P4 of one optical splitting structure is equal to the width P1 of one pixel island. In the column direction y, the width P3 of one optical splitting structure is equal to the width P1 of one pixel island.

[0075] Correspondingly,

[0076]

Number

[0077] is.

[0078] Note that in FIG. 1, M = K = 1 is used as an example for explanation. In a specific embodiment, it is also possible to set M and K to be not equal. Specifically, it is also possible to set M > K = 1 or K > M = 1. M and K are relatively prime to each other, and K * n and M are relatively prime to each other.

[0079] Next, taking the optical splitting structure with a cylindrical lens, K = 1, M = 1, and n = 10 as an example, the parameter design of the optical splitting structure of the display device provided by the embodiments of the present invention will be introduced. In a specific embodiment, for example, the display device includes 1080×1920 pixel islands, where P1 = 116.4 micrometers (μm) and P2 = 82.307 μm.

[0080] Since the total number of pixel islands included in the display device is the resolution of 2D display, it should be noted that the size of the pixel islands of the display device provided by the embodiments of the present invention is for achieving a 2D display with a resolution at the retinal level. That is, since the angle of the pixel islands with respect to the human eye is 1', L1 = 400 millimeters (mm). To ensure no crosstalk between the left and right eyes of the 3D display at the optimal viewing distance, it is necessary to design such that the number of the viewing point intervals between the left and right eyes at the optimal viewing distance is maximized. The total viewing point width and the interpupillary distance D when the viewing points are not repeated at the optimal viewing distance satisfy the following conditions.

[0081]

Equation

[0082] Here, m is an integer greater than or equal to 0. From this condition, it can be seen that as m increases, the density of the viewing points gradually increases, but the movable range of the human eye gradually decreases. Since the embodiments of the present invention prefer a larger movement range of the human eye, m = 0, and the human interpupillary distance D is usually 65 mm, that is, W = 2*D = 130 mm. The material of the spacer dielectric layer is usually glass, and n3 = 1.5. Substituting L1 = 400 mm, W = 130 mm, n3 = 1.5, and P1 = 145.44 μm into

[0083]

Equation

[0084] gives H = 537 mm.

[0085] In a specific embodiment, when n1 = 1.55, n2 = 1.42, n3 = 1.5, and H = 537 mm,

[0086] [Number]

[0087] it is as follows.

[0088] Next, the results of simulating the radius of curvature of the cylindrical lens in the range of 0.9r or more and 1.24r or less are introduced. Based on the parameters calculated above: P2 = 82.307 μm, H = 537 mm, r = 46.56 μm, a model is created, the radius of curvature is scanned, where the radius of curvature is 58 μm, and the sub-pixel emission angle spectrum with a radius of curvature of 58 μm shown in FIG. 6 and a symbol of 6 is obtained. From FIG. 6, it can be seen that the angle spectra in a predetermined horizontal direction and a predetermined vertical direction completely overlap, and the technical effect of horizontal and vertical bidirectional 3D compatibility can be achieved. FIG. 7 shows the distribution of the angle spectra of 10 sub-pixels in the horizontal direction. Thereby, the crosstalk between each viewpoint is calculated. The primary crosstalk (crosstalk between adjacent viewpoints) is 46.07% - 58.62%, the secondary crosstalk (crosstalk between distant viewpoints) is 0.28% - 2.78%, and there is no crosstalk after the third order. At the optimal viewing distance (L1 = 400 mm), the crosstalk between the left eye and the right eye is the fifth-order crosstalk, and the crosstalk between the left eye and the right eye is 0. As a result, a better 3D display effect is obtained. According to the distribution of the crosstalk between the left eye and the right eye corresponding to the above parameters in the entire visible space, the simulation is performed according to the crosstalk criterion within 10%. The 3D visible space is 400 mm - 600 mm in a predetermined vertical direction, and the 3D visible space is -7.8° - 7.8° in a predetermined horizontal direction.

[0089] Alternatively, in some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 8, both the angle between the row direction x and a predetermined horizontal direction X and the angle between the row direction x and a predetermined vertical direction Y are greater than 0. Both the angle between the column direction y and the predetermined horizontal direction X and the angle between the column direction y and the predetermined vertical direction Y are greater than 0. The first direction Y' is parallel to the column direction y.

[0090] That is, the extending direction of the pixel island column and the extending direction of the cylindrical lens are inclined with respect to a predetermined horizontal direction and a predetermined vertical direction. FIGS. 9 and 10 show schematic views of the view formed in space after the light emitted by the sub-pixels of the display device shown in FIG. 8 is split by the light splitting structure directly above the sub-pixels and the view received by the human eye. The numbers of each region represent the corresponding viewpoints. Here, FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the received view when the line connecting the two eyes of a human is parallel to a predetermined horizontal direction. FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the received view when the line connecting the two eyes of a human is parallel to a predetermined vertical direction. That is, when the extending direction of the pixel island column and the extending direction of the cylindrical lens are inclined with respect to a predetermined horizontal direction and a predetermined vertical direction, the parallax image may be visible to the human eye in both a predetermined horizontal direction and a predetermined vertical direction. Thereby, the display device can realize a two-way 3D display.

[0091] In a specific embodiment, M = K = 1 can be set. It can also be set so that M and K are not equal. Specifically, M>K = 1 can be set. Alternatively, K>M = 1 can also be set. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 8, both M and K are integers greater than 1, M and K are relatively prime to each other, and K*n and M are relatively prime to each other.

[0092] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 8, K = 2, M = 3, and n = 10. Since the first direction Y' is parallel to the column direction y, the angle θ between the first direction Y' and the column direction y is 0°. Similarly,

[0093]

Number

[0094] is.

[0095] Of course, in a specific embodiment, K, M, and n can also be set to other values.

[0096] In the display device provided by the embodiment of the present invention, when both M and K are integers greater than 1, that is, there is a many-to-many correspondence between the pixel islands and the optical splitting structure. Thereby, it is possible to avoid that the size of the optical splitting structure in the row direction is too small, it is possible to avoid an increase in the difficulty of preparing the optical splitting components, and also to avoid diffraction of the optical splitting structure with too small a size. When the light divergence angle of the sub-pixels increases, the crosstalk between views increases, affecting the display effect.

[0097] When both M and K are integers greater than 1, M and K are relatively prime to each other, and K*n and M are relatively prime to each other, in some embodiments, the sub-pixel includes a sub-pixel opening region. In the row direction x, the ratio of the total width of the n sub-pixel opening regions to the width of the pixel island is 0.9 / M or more and 1 or less. That is, the aperture ratio of the sub-pixels in the pixel island is 0.9 / M or more and 1 or less.

[0098] When both M and K are integers greater than 1, M and K are relatively prime to each other, and K*n and M are relatively prime to each other, in some embodiments, in the row direction x, the ratio of the width of the sub-pixel opening region to the width of the pixel island is 1 / M. That is, the aperture ratio of the sub-pixels in the pixel island is 1 / M. With such an arrangement, each sub-pixel under each optical splitting repeating unit can be shifted in position with respect to the corresponding optical splitting structure and arranged alternately and complementarily. As a result, the light-emitting regions of each sub-pixel in the K pixel islands in the row direction x are spatially complementarily joined. That is, the optical paths of all viewpoints are closely connected, the moiré pattern is removed, and the display effect may be improved.

[0099] Alternatively, in certain embodiments, the ratio of the width of the sub-pixel aperture region in the row direction x to the width of the pixel island can be greater than 1 / M. Correspondingly, in some embodiments, in the row direction x, the light-emitting regions of the sub-pixels within the K pixel islands are spatially overlapping.

[0100] In the row direction x, when the ratio of the width of the sub-pixel aperture region to the width of the pixel island is greater than 1 / M, in some embodiments, in the row direction x, the light-emitting regions of the sub-pixels within the K pixel islands are spatially uniformly overlapping.

[0101] In some embodiments, in the row direction x, the ratio of the width of the sub-pixel aperture region to the width of the pixel island is i / M, where i is an integer greater than 1 and less than or equal to M-1. That is, the aperture ratio of the sub-pixels within the pixel island is i / M. With such an arrangement, each sub-pixel under each optical division repeating unit can be arranged to shift its position relative to the corresponding optical division structure and overlap uniformly, so that the light-emitting regions of the sub-pixels within the K pixel islands spatially uniformly overlap, that is, the optical paths of each viewing point uniformly overlap, which may remove the moiré pattern and improve the display effect.

[0102] When the aperture ratio of the sub-pixels within the pixel island is i / M and i is an integer greater than 1 and less than or equal to M-1, compared with the condition where one pixel island corresponds to a plurality of optical division structures, there is a possibility that the aperture ratio of the sub-pixels is further improved under the same number of optical division structures.

[0103] FIG. 8 illustrates an example in which the ratio of the width of the aperture region of sub-pixel 08 to the width of pixel island S in the row direction x is 2 / 3. That is, in the row direction, the ratio of the total width of the n sub-pixel aperture regions to the width of the pixel island is (M-1) / M. That is, the aperture ratio of the sub-pixels within the pixel island in FIG. 8 is 2 / 3. When the aperture ratio of the sub-pixels within the pixel island is (M-1) / M, the aperture ratio of the sub-pixels can be maximally improved under the condition that the light-emitting regions of the sub-pixels within the K pixel islands evenly overlap in the spatial row direction.

[0104] In a specific embodiment, when the light-emitting regions of each sub-pixel within the K pixel islands uniformly overlap in space, the ratio of the area of the overlapping region between two sub-pixel light-emitting regions with adjacent numbers to the area of the light-emitting region of one sub-pixel is (i - 1) / i. The ratio of the area of the overlapping region between two sub-pixel light-emitting regions with adjacent numbers to the area of one sub-pixel is (i - 1) / M.

[0105] Note that when the ratio of the total width of the n sub-pixel aperture regions to the width of the pixel island in the row direction is 1 / M, that is, when i = 1, the light-emitting regions of each sub-pixel do not overlap in space. When i = 2, the ratio of the area of the overlapping region between two sub-pixel light-emitting regions with adjacent numbers to the area of the light-emitting region of one sub-pixel is 1 / 2, and the ratio of the area of the overlapping region between two sub-pixel light-emitting regions with adjacent numbers to the area of one sub-pixel is 1 / M. When i = 3, the ratio of the area of the overlapping region between two sub-pixel light-emitting regions with adjacent numbers to the area of the light-emitting region of one sub-pixel is 2 / 3, and the ratio of the area of the overlapping region between two sub-pixel light-emitting regions with adjacent numbers to the area of one sub-pixel is 2 / M. When i = 4, the ratio of the area of the overlapping region between two sub-pixel light-emitting regions with adjacent numbers to the area of the light-emitting region of one sub-pixel is 3 / 4, and the ratio of the area of the overlapping region between two sub-pixel light-emitting regions with adjacent numbers to the area of one sub-pixel is 3 / M. When i = M - 1, the ratio of the area of the overlapping region between two sub-pixel light-emitting regions with adjacent numbers to the area of the light-emitting region of one sub-pixel is (M - 2) / (M - 1), and the ratio of the area of the overlapping region between two sub-pixel light-emitting regions with adjacent numbers to the area of one sub-pixel is (M - 2) / M. By analogy, it will not be elaborated again.

[0106] Next, taking the optical splitting structure as a cylindrical lens, with K = 2, M = 3, and n = 10 as an example, the parameter design of the optical splitting structure of the display device provided by the embodiments of the present invention will be introduced. In a specific embodiment, for example, the display device includes 1080 × 1920 pixel islands. P1 = 116.4 micrometers (μm), P2 = 77.6 μm (Figure 11) That is. L1 = 400 mm.

[0107]

Number

[0108] According to this, when D = 65 mm, that is, W = 2 * D = 130 mm, m = 0 is set. The material of the spacer dielectric layer is usually glass, and n3 = 1.5. Substitute L1 = 400 mm, W = 130 mm, n3 = 1.5, and P2 = 77.6 μm into

[0109]

Number

[0110] to obtain H = 507 mm.

[0111] In a specific embodiment, n1 = 1.55, n2 = 1.42, n3 = 1.5, H = 507 mm,

[0112]

Number

[0113] In the case of. Next, the results of simulating the radius of curvature of the cylindrical lens in the range of 0.9r or more and 1.24r or less are introduced. Based on the parameters calculated above: P2 = 77.6 μm, H = 537 mm, r = 43.94 μm, a model is created, the radius of curvature with a radius of curvature of 47 μm is scanned, and the sub-pixel emission angle spectrum with a sign of 10 when the radius of curvature is 47 μm shown in FIG. 11 is obtained. From FIG. 11, it can be seen that the angle spectra in the predetermined horizontal direction and the predetermined vertical direction completely overlap, and the technical effect of horizontal and vertical bidirectional 3D compatibility can be achieved. FIG. 12 shows the distribution of the angle spectra of 20 sub-pixels in the horizontal direction, and the crosstalk between each viewpoint is calculated. The primary crosstalk (crosstalk between adjacent viewpoints) is 35.92% - 78.09%, and the secondary crosstalk (crosstalk between distant viewpoints) is 8.11% - 11.27%, and it can be seen that the crosstalk after the secondary level decreases rapidly. At the optimal viewing distance (L1 = 400 mm), the crosstalk between the left eye and the right eye is the tenth-order crosstalk, and the crosstalk between the left eye and the right eye is 0, which is a relatively good 3D display effect. Simulate the distribution of crosstalk between the left eye and the right eye in the entire visual space corresponding to the above parameters, control according to the crosstalk standard within 10%, and the obtained 3D visible space is 300 mm - 1400 mm in the vertical direction, and the 3D visible space is -14.7° - 14.7° in the horizontal direction. Control according to the crosstalk standard within 3%, and the obtained 3D visible space is 300 mm - 700 mm in the vertical direction, and the 3D visible space is -6° - 6° in the horizontal direction. Control according to the crosstalk standard within 1%, and the obtained 3D visible space is 300 mm - 500 mm in the vertical direction, and the 3D visible space is -2.1° - 2.1° in the horizontal direction. That is, when the first direction is parallel to the column direction, a 3D display with less crosstalk can be achieved.

[0114] In some embodiments, the sub-pixel includes a sub-pixel opening region, and the region of sub-pixel 08 shown in FIGS. 1 and 8 corresponds to the sub-pixel opening region as shown in FIGS. 1 and 8. The shape of the sub-pixel opening region is rectangular, and two pairs of sides of the rectangle are parallel to the row direction x and the column direction y, respectively.

[0115] Alternatively, in some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 13, the area of the sub-pixel 08 corresponds to the sub-pixel aperture area, the shape of the sub-pixel aperture area is a parallelogram, one pair of opposite sides of the parallelogram is parallel to the row direction x, and the other pair of opposite sides of the parallelogram is parallel to the first direction Y'.

[0116] In FIG. 13, K = 2, M = 3, n = 10. Also, in FIG. 13, the row direction x is parallel to a predetermined horizontal direction X, the column direction y is parallel to a predetermined vertical direction Y, the angle between the first direction Y' and the predetermined vertical direction Y is 45°, and the sub-pixel aperture ratio is 2 / 3.

[0117] In a specific embodiment, the display panel includes an array substrate and a counter substrate arranged opposite to each other, and a liquid crystal layer located between the array substrate and the counter substrate; In some embodiments, it includes a counter substrate light-shielding layer, and the light-shielding layer includes the sub-pixel aperture area. That is, the pattern of the light-shielding layer can be designed according to the required shape of the sub-pixel aperture area.

[0118] In some embodiments, the array substrate includes a plurality of scanning lines extending along the row direction x and a plurality of data lines extending along the column direction y.

[0119] In a specific embodiment, regardless of the shape of the aperture area of the sub-pixel, it can be set such that the extending direction of the scanning line is parallel to the row direction x and the extending direction of the data line is parallel to the column direction y. That is, the extending directions of the scanning line and the data line are independent of the shape of the sub-pixel aperture area.

[0120] In a specific embodiment, the array substrate includes drive units that correspond one-to-one to sub-pixels, and a plurality of scanning lines and a plurality of data lines arranged to intersect each other define the area of the drive units. When the row direction is perpendicular to the column direction, the shape of the area of the drive unit is substantially rectangular. The shape of the area of the drive unit can match the shape of the opening area of the sub-pixel. For example, both the area of the drive unit and the opening area of the sub-pixel can be rectangular. Or, the shape of the area of the drive unit is rectangular, and the shape of the opening area of the sub-pixel can be a parallelogram.

[0121] In some embodiments, the display device further includes an eye-tracking system used to determine the position of the user's eyes in real time.

[0122] In a specific embodiment, in the 2D display mode, the first image drive signal corresponding to each pixel island can be determined according to the displayed image, and the corresponding first image drive signal is loaded to all sub-pixels within the pixel island to form a 2D image. In the 3D display mode, the coordinates of the user's eyes are determined through the human eye-tracking system, and the displayed image information is also determined. According to the displayed image information, the second image drive signal corresponding to each viewpoint is determined and applied to the sub-pixels of each pixel island to form a three-dimensional image. In a specific embodiment, based on the coordinates of the user's eyes, the left-eye view and the right-eye view can be determined, and the sub-pixels corresponding to the left-eye view and the sub-pixels corresponding to the right-eye view within each pixel island group can be determined. Provide the image drive signal corresponding to the left-eye view to the sub-pixels corresponding to the left-eye view, and provide the image drive signal corresponding to the right-eye view to the sub-pixels corresponding to the right-eye view. Or, the second image drive signal corresponding to the same viewpoint can also be applied to the sub-pixels at the same position of different said pixel islands to form a multi-viewpoint 3D image.

[0123] The display device provided by an embodiment of the present invention is a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a television, a monitor, a notebook computer, a digital photo frame, a navigator, or other products or components having a display function. Other essential components of the display device are understood by those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail herein nor should they be used to limit the present invention.

[0124] In summary, in the display device provided by an embodiment of the present invention, both the angle between the extending direction of the optical splitting structure and a predetermined horizontal direction X and the angle between the extending direction of the optical splitting structure and a predetermined vertical direction Y are greater than 0. That is, the optical splitting structure is arranged obliquely with respect to the predetermined horizontal direction X and the predetermined vertical direction Y, so that parallax images of both eyes of a human can be seen in both the predetermined horizontal direction and the predetermined vertical direction, realizing a bidirectional three-dimensional (3D) display of the display device and improving the user experience.

[0125] Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art can make further changes and modifications to these embodiments if the basic inventive concept is clear. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be construed as including the preferred embodiments within the scope of the present invention and all changes and modifications.

[0126] It is obvious to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made to the embodiments of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and deformations in the embodiments of the present invention belong to the scope of the claims of the present invention and the scope of equivalent technologies thereof, the present invention shall also include those deformations and modifications.

Claims

1. A display device, comprising: a display panel; and a light splitting element disposed on the display side of the display panel, the display panel includes a plurality of pixel islands arranged in an array along a row direction and a column direction, each of the pixel islands includes n sub-pixels arranged at intervals along the row direction, where n is an integer greater than 1, the display panel has a predetermined horizontal direction and a predetermined vertical direction perpendicular to the predetermined horizontal direction, the light splitting element includes a plurality of light splitting repeating units extending along a first direction and continuously arranged along the predetermined horizontal direction, the light splitting repeating unit includes M light splitting structures extending along the first direction, in the row direction, the widths of the M light splitting structures are equal to the widths of K pixel islands, M and K are positive integers, and the angles between the first direction and the predetermined horizontal direction and between the first direction and the predetermined vertical direction are both greater than 0. A display device.

2. The display device according to claim 1, wherein the row direction is parallel to the predetermined horizontal direction, and the column direction is parallel to the predetermined vertical direction.

3. The angles between the row direction and the predetermined horizontal direction and between the row direction and the predetermined vertical direction are both greater than 0, and the angles between the column direction and the predetermined horizontal direction and between the column direction and the predetermined vertical direction are both greater than 0, The display device according to claim 1, wherein the first direction is parallel to the column direction.

4. The display device according to claim 2 or claim 3, wherein after the light emitted from the light emitting regions of the sub-pixels in the K pixel islands is split by the M light splitting structures, a spatially continuous light emitting region is formed.

5. The display device according to claim 4, wherein M = K = 1.

6. The display device according to claim 4, wherein M > K = 1 or K > M = 1.

7. In the display device according to claim 4, M and K are not equal, M and K are both integers greater than 1, M and K are relatively prime to each other, and K * n and M are relatively prime to each other.

8. The sub-pixel includes a sub-pixel opening region, and in the row direction, the ratio of the total width of n sub-pixel opening regions to the width of the pixel island is 0.9 / M or more and 1 or less. The display device according to claim 7.

9. In the display device according to claim 8, the light-emitting regions of the sub-pixels in each of the K pixel islands in the row direction are spatially complementarily joined.

10. In the display device according to claim 9, the ratio of the width of the sub-pixel opening region to the width of the pixel island in the row direction is 1 / M.

11. In the display device according to claim 9, the light-emitting regions of the sub-pixels in each of the K pixel islands in the row direction spatially overlap.

12. In the display device according to claim 11, the light-emitting regions of the sub-pixels in each of the K pixel islands in the row direction spatially uniformly overlap.

13. In the display device according to claim 12, the ratio of the width of the sub-pixel opening region to the width of the pixel island in the row direction is i / M, where i is an integer greater than 1 or less than or equal to M - 1.

14. The display device according to any one of claims 7 to 13, wherein M = 2 and K = 3.

15. In the display device according to any one of claims 1 to 14, the angle between the first direction and the predetermined horizontal direction and the angle between the first direction and the predetermined vertical direction are both 45°.

16. The sub-pixel includes a sub-pixel aperture region, the shape of the sub-pixel aperture region is rectangular, and two pairs of opposite sides of the rectangle are parallel to the row direction and the column direction, respectively, of the display device according to any one of claims 1 to 15.

17. The sub-pixel includes a sub-pixel aperture region, the shape of the sub-pixel aperture region is a parallelogram, one pair of opposite sides of the parallelogram is parallel to the row direction, and another pair of opposite sides of the parallelogram is parallel to the first direction, of the display device according to any one of claims 1 to 15.

18. The display panel includes an array substrate and a counter substrate, The array substrate includes a plurality of scanning lines extending along the row direction and a plurality of data lines extending along the column direction, The counter substrate is disposed opposite to the array substrate and includes a light-shielding layer, and the light-shielding layer includes a plurality of the sub-pixel aperture regions, of the display device according to claim 16 or claim 17.

19. Further including a spacer dielectric layer disposed between the light splitting element and the display panel, of the display device according to any one of claims 1 to 18.

20. The light splitting structure is a cylindrical lens, of the display device according to claim 19.

21. The cylindrical lens includes a first resin layer having protrusions and a planarization resin layer disposed on a side of the first resin layer away from the display panel, and the refractive index of the planarization resin layer is smaller than the refractive index of the first resin layer, of the display device according to claim 20.

22. The cylindrical lens is a liquid crystal lens, of the display device according to claim 19.

23. The radius of curvature of the cylindrical lens is 0.9r or more and 1.24r or less, Here, 【Equation 1】 , n1 is the refractive index of the first resin layer or the refractive index of the e - light of the liquid crystal lens, n2 is the refractive index of the planarization resin layer or the refractive index of the o - light of the liquid crystal lens, n3 is the refractive index of the spacer dielectric layer, L1 is the optimal viewing distance of the display device, P1 is the width of the pixel island in the row direction, θ is the angle between the first direction and the column direction, and W is the projection width of the main flap viewing angle formed by the light emitted from the sub - pixel at the optimal viewing distance. The display device according to claim 21 or claim 22.

24. Each three of the pixel islands continuously arranged in the column direction forms one pixel repeating unit. Within one pixel repeating unit, the display colors of the sub - pixels of the same pixel island are the same, and the display colors of the sub - pixels of different pixel islands are different. The display device according to any one of claims 1 to 23.

Images