Power supply device

Abstract

A power supply device comprising a first battery cell and a second battery cell. The ratio between the first parameters of the two battery cells exceeds a first preset threshold, the difference between the second parameters of the two battery cells exceeds a second preset threshold, and it is defined that the capacity of the first battery cell exceeds the capacity of the second battery cell. The first battery cell and / or the second battery cell are controlled to discharge according to a preset rule such that the first battery cell can always discharge and the first battery cell and the second battery cell discharge together when the second battery cell needs to be introduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] Cross - reference to Related Applications This disclosure claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202210610453.0, filed on May 31, 2022, entitled "POWER SUPPLY DEVICE". The entire content of the above application is incorporated herein by reference.

[0002] This disclosure relates to the field of battery technology, and more particularly, to a power supply device.

Background Art

[0003] Currently, lithium - ion batteries are the most widely used energy storage devices in the field of new energy vehicles. In electric vehicles, generally, hundreds of battery cells are connected in series - parallel to form a battery module or a power supply device, and are combined with management systems such as a battery management system (BMS) and a thermal management system (TMS) to provide power to the entire electric vehicle under various operating conditions.

[0004] In the prior art, electric vehicles require that the power supply device has significantly different output performances under various operating conditions. However, the inner part of the entire power supply device is generally formed by a single type of battery cell. Furthermore, the battery core size, mass energy density, volume energy density, power density, etc. of this type of battery cell are often the same or similar. As a result, the current power supply device cannot meet the output requirements of electric vehicles under various operating conditions.

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved in this disclosure is to provide a method for controlling a power supply device due to the problem that existing power supply devices cannot meet the output requirements of electric vehicles under various operating conditions.

Means for Solving the Problem

[0006] To solve the above technical problem, the present disclosure provides a power supply device. The power supply device includes a first battery cell and a second battery cell. The ratio of the first parameter of the first battery cell to the first parameter of the second battery cell is greater than a first preset threshold, and the ratio of the second parameter of the second battery cell to the second parameter of the first battery cell is greater than a second preset threshold. The first preset threshold and the second preset threshold are greater than 1. Based on the determination that the capacity of the first battery cell is greater than the capacity of the second battery cell, the first battery cell and / or the second battery cell discharges according to a preset rule.

[0007] The preset rule includes only the first battery cell discharges the load based on the determination that the first preset condition is satisfied, the first battery cell and the second battery cell discharge together based on the determination that the second preset condition is satisfied, and the first battery cell charges the second battery cell and discharges the load based on the determination that the third preset condition is satisfied.

[0008] In the example disclosed by the present disclosure, the first preset threshold and the second preset threshold are 1.5 or more.

[0009] In the example disclosed by the present disclosure, the first battery cell includes at least one first battery core, and the second battery cell includes at least one second battery core. The first battery core and the second battery core satisfy |V1 - V2| > 0.1 * V1, or |V1 - V2| > 0.1 * V2.

[0010] The voltage of the first battery core is V1, and the voltage of the second battery core is V2.

[0011] In an example disclosed by the present disclosure, the first battery cell includes a plurality of first battery cores, the plurality of first battery cores are of a first chemical system, the second battery cell includes a plurality of second battery cores, the plurality of second battery cores are of a second chemical system, and the first chemical system and the second chemical system are different.

[0012] In an example disclosed by the present disclosure, the first battery cell is a lithium iron phosphate battery, and the second battery cell is a lithium manganese oxide battery.

[0013] In an example disclosed by the present disclosure, the first battery cell is a lithium iron phosphate graphite battery, and the second battery cell is a lithium metal battery.

[0014] In an example disclosed by the present disclosure, the power supply device further includes a control circuit. Both the first battery cell and the second battery cell are connected to the control circuit for external output through the control circuit. The power supply device further includes a control device. The control device is connected to the control circuit to control the first battery cell and the second battery cell through controlling the control circuit to discharge according to a preset rule.

[0015] In an example disclosed by the present disclosure, the control circuit includes a first switch tube, a second switch tube, and a first inductance.

[0016] The first positive output end of the first battery cell is connected to the second negative output end of the second battery cell, the first negative output end of the first battery cell is connected to the first end of the first switch tube and the load negative end, the second positive output end of the second battery cell is connected to the second end of the second switch tube and the load positive end, one end of the first inductance is connected to the first positive output end and the second negative output end, and the other end of the first inductance is connected to the second end of the first switch tube and the first end of the second switch tube.

[0017] In an example disclosed by the present disclosure, based on the determination that the first preset condition is satisfied, the control device controls the on-duty cycles of the first switch tube and the second switch tube, and controls the voltage difference between the second positive output end and the second end of the second switch tube to be within a first preset range, so as to discharge the load only to the first battery cell, Based on the determination that the second preset condition is satisfied, the control device controls the first switch tube and the second switch tube to be turned off, so as to discharge the first battery cell and the second battery cell together, Based on the determination that the third preset condition is satisfied, the control device controls the on-duty cycles of the first switch tube and the second switch tube, and controls the voltage difference between the second positive output end and the second end of the second switch tube to be within a second preset range, so as to charge the second battery cell to the first battery cell and discharge the load, The maximum value of the first preset range is less than the minimum value of the second preset range.

[0018] In an example disclosed by the present disclosure, the power supply device includes a plurality of battery cells. One of the plurality of battery cells is the first battery cell, and the rest of the plurality of battery cells are the second battery cells, or one of the plurality of battery cells is the second battery cell, and the rest of the plurality of battery cells are the first battery cells, Or, some of the plurality of battery cells are the first battery cells, and the rest of the plurality of battery cells are the second battery cells.

[0019] In an example disclosed by the present disclosure, the first parameter is the capacity, and the ratio of the first capacity of the first battery cell to the second capacity of the second battery cell exceeds a first preset threshold, The second parameter is the maximum rated pulse discharge rate (maximum rated pulse discharge rate), and the ratio of the maximum rated pulse discharge rate of the second battery cell to the maximum rated pulse discharge rate of the first battery cell exceeds the second preset threshold.

[0020] In the example disclosed by the present disclosure, the first preset condition is that the required power of the load is less than the power output by the first battery cell at the maximum rated pulse discharge rate, and / or the state of charge of the first battery cell is higher than the state of charge of the second battery cell and the state of charge of the second battery cell is less than the third preset threshold. The second preset condition is that the required power of the load exceeds the power output by the first battery cell at the maximum rated pulse discharge rate, and / or the state of charge of the first battery cell and the state of charge of the second battery cell exceed the fourth preset threshold, and / or the state of charge of the first battery cell and the state of charge of the second battery cell are less than the fifth preset threshold. The third preset condition is that the state of charge of the first battery cell is higher than the state of charge of the second battery cell, and the difference between the power receiving state of the first battery cell and the state of charge of the second battery cell exceeds the sixth preset threshold.

[0021] The maximum rated pulse discharge rate is the maximum discharge rate that drops the voltage of the first battery cell or the voltage of the second battery cell to the cut-off voltage within 10 s.

[0022] The beneficial effects according to the present disclosure are as follows. The power supply device includes a first battery cell and a second battery cell. By defining that the ratio between the first parameters of the two battery cells exceeds a first preset threshold, the ratio between the second parameters exceeds a second preset threshold, and the capacity of the first battery cell exceeds the capacity of the second battery cell, and by controlling the first battery cell and / or the second battery cell to discharge according to a preset rule, the first battery cell always discharges externally to ensure that the power supply device can meet the output requirements of the electric vehicle under various operating conditions. Based on the determination that the second battery cell needs to be introduced, it discharges together with the second battery cell, and the output efficiency of the power supply device can be improved.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0023]

Figure 1

Figure 2

Embodiments for Carrying Out the Invention

[0024] Examples of the present disclosure are described in detail below, and the diagrams of the examples are shown in the drawings. Elements that are the same or similar, or have the same or similar functions, are denoted by the same or similar reference numerals throughout the description. The examples described below with reference to the drawings are helpful for the description and are intended to clarify the present disclosure, and cannot be construed as limitations on the present disclosure.

[0025] In the prior art, an electric vehicle requires a power supply device to have significantly different output performances under various operating conditions. However, the entire power supply device generally includes only a single type of battery cell. The battery core size, mass energy density, volume energy density, power density, etc. of this type of battery cell are often the same or similar. As a result, the current power supply device cannot meet the output requirements of electric vehicles under various operating conditions. For example, based on the decision that the electric vehicle moves smoothly, only a power output of about 10 KW to 20 KW is required. However, based on the decision that the electric vehicle accelerates, decelerates, or recovers braking energy, a power input or power output of up to 50 kilowatts to several hundred kilowatts is generally required. When the power supply device includes only a single type of battery core, only the reliable running of the electric vehicle under one operating condition can be guaranteed.

[0026] Based on this, a power supply device is disclosed in an example of the present disclosure. The power supply device is configured to supply power to the load 104. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the power supply device according to an example of the present disclosure. The power supply device includes a first battery cell 101 and a second battery cell 102. The ratio of the first parameter of the first battery cell 101 to the first parameter of the second battery cell 102 exceeds a first preset threshold, and the ratio of the second parameter of the second battery cell 102 to the second parameter of the first battery cell 101 exceeds a second preset threshold. The first preset threshold and the second preset threshold are greater than 1. Specifically, the first battery cell 101 has significant advantages in terms of performance corresponding to the first parameter, while the second battery cell 102 has significant advantages in terms of performance corresponding to the second parameter. Based on this, in the entire vehicle, under operating conditions that require significant advantages in the first parameter, the first battery cell 101 may be selected for external output, and under operating conditions that require significant advantages in the second parameter, the second battery cell 102 may be selected for external output. There is a specific proportional relationship between the two sets of parameters of the first battery cell 101 and the second battery cell 102 in the power supply device, ensuring that the first battery cell 101 and the second battery cell 102 can meet the output requirements of the entire vehicle under various operating conditions of the entire vehicle, and improving the adaptability of the power supply device to the operating conditions of the entire vehicle. Furthermore, the power supply device includes the first battery cell 101 and the second battery cell 102 having different parameters. Therefore, for a plurality of power supply devices in the entire vehicle, the difference between different power supply devices can be significantly reduced, a standardized design of the power supply device can be obtained, and the cost of the power supply device can be greatly reduced.

[0027] In this example of the present disclosure, the power supply device is a device that provides electrical energy to components such as the entire vehicle or a control device of the entire vehicle, for example, a battery pack. The first battery cell 101 and the second battery cell 102 may be complete battery packs or battery modules. This is not limited in the present disclosure.

[0028] Specifically, in this example of the present disclosure, the first parameter is the capacity, and the ratio of the first capacity of the first battery cell 101 to the second capacity of the second battery cell 102 exceeds a first preset threshold. The second parameter is the maximum rated pulse discharge rate, and the ratio of the maximum rated pulse discharge rate of the second battery cell 102 to the maximum rated pulse discharge rate of the first battery cell 101 exceeds a second preset threshold. The maximum rated pulse discharge rate is the maximum discharge rate that drops the voltage of the battery to the cut-off voltage within 10 s. Based on the above definitions of the parameters, the first battery cell 101 is configured to perform the main output. Specifically, by using the advantage of the large capacity of the first battery cell 101, the continuous demand for the power of the entire vehicle is guaranteed. The second battery cell 102 is configured to cooperate with the first battery cell to output based on the determination that the demand for the entire vehicle for high power is satisfied. Specifically, by using the advantage of the large maximum rated pulse discharge rate of the second battery cell 102, the high-speed and high-energy operation of the entire vehicle is guaranteed.

[0029] In another example of the present disclosure, in order to satisfy the demand of the first battery cell 101 for the high-efficiency output of the entire vehicle and also to satisfy the long-distance durability of the entire vehicle for the second battery cell 102, the first parameter may be the energy density, and the second parameter may be the cycle life or the amount of cycles. In another example of the present disclosure, in order to satisfy the continuous demand of the first battery cell 101 for the power of the entire vehicle and also to satisfy the long-distance durability of the entire vehicle for the second battery cell 102, the first parameter may be the capacity, and the second parameter may be the cycle life.

[0030] In the example of the present disclosure, based on the determination that the capacity of the first battery cell 101 exceeds the capacity of the second battery cell 102, the first battery cell 101 and / or the second battery cell 102 discharges according to a preset rule. Specifically, the preset rule includes three operating modes, specifically as follows.

[0031] Operation mode 1: Only the first battery cell 101 discharges the load 104 based on the determination that the first preset condition is satisfied.

[0032] Operation mode 2: The first battery cell 101 and the second battery cell 102 discharge together based on the determination that the second preset condition is satisfied.

[0033] Operation mode 3: The first battery cell 101 charges the second battery cell 102 and discharges the load 104 based on the determination that the third preset condition is satisfied.

[0034] Based on the foregoing example, for the entire vehicle, the power supply device needs to always meet the demand for the power of the entire vehicle. Based on this, the capacity of the first battery cell 101 needs to exceed the capacity of the second battery cell 102 so that the first battery cell 101 can always guarantee external output in order to meet most of the demand for the power of the entire vehicle. When the entire vehicle has special demands such as high speed, low speed, or demand for energy recovery, the entire vehicle selects to introduce the second battery cell 102 to meet the special demands, thereby meeting the demands of the entire vehicle under various operating conditions.

[0035] The first battery cell 101 and the second battery cell 102 each have their own advantageous characteristics, and the power supply device can select the corresponding battery cell for output based on the advantageous characteristics to meet the output requirements of the entire vehicle under various operating conditions.

[0036] Based on the determination that the power supply device is in operation mode 1, the power supply device discharges the load 104 by using only the first battery cell 101. The load 104 may be a component such as a motor, an electronic controller, or a control device for the entire vehicle. The first preset condition is generally the normal demand of the entire vehicle. In other words, compared with the second battery cell 102, the first battery cell 101 having a great advantage in the first parameter can meet the normal demand of the entire vehicle. For example, in the example of the present disclosure, the first preset condition may be that the entire vehicle is moving at a normal speed or moving smoothly. Based on the determination that the first preset condition is satisfied, the entire vehicle does not need to change the speed of the entire vehicle, or the change in the speed of the entire vehicle is small. In this case, in the power supply device in the entire vehicle, only the first battery cell 101 having a large capacity needs to supply power externally to meet the demand for the power of the entire vehicle. As another example, in another example of the present disclosure, the first preset condition may further be based on the determination that the entire vehicle needs to be continuously and normally supplied with power, and the entire vehicle needs to be continuously supplied with power by the power supply device and the power supply current remains unchanged or is in a stable stage. In this case, in the power supply device in the entire vehicle, only the first battery cell 101 having a large capacity needs to supply power from the outside to meet the demand for the power of the entire vehicle. In other words, under the first preset condition, the entire vehicle has the highest demand for power throughout the life cycle. In this case, it is only necessary to ensure that the battery cell having a large capacity can supply power to the entire vehicle.

[0037] In an example of the present disclosure, the first preset condition is that the required power of the load 104 is less than the power output by the first battery cell 101 at the maximum rated pulse discharge rate. Under this condition, the required power of the entire vehicle is less than the discharge output of the first battery cell 101, and the first battery cell 101 can output to the outside to meet the normal demand of the entire vehicle. Additionally / Alternatively, the first preset condition may be that the state of charge (SOC) of the first battery cell 101 is higher than the SOC of the second battery cell 102, and the SOC of the second battery cell 102 is less than a third preset threshold. Under this condition, the SOC of the second battery cell 102 cannot meet the external output requirement, and as a result, only the first battery cell 101 needs to output to the outside. The third preset threshold is generally 30% SOC and optionally 20% SOC. However, since various users have various definition requirements for SOC, the third preset threshold may be selected according to actual cases. This is not limited in the present disclosure.

[0038] Based on the determination that the power supply device is in the operation mode 2, in this case, the first battery cell 101 and the second battery cell 102 discharge together. Generally, the second preset condition is the special demand of the whole vehicle. In other words, compared with the first battery cell 101, the second battery cell 102 having significant advantages in the second parameter can meet the special demand of the whole vehicle. For example, when the whole vehicle accelerates, decelerates, or recovers braking energy, the whole vehicle not only needs normal power supply but also needs to meet the demand under special operating conditions such as acceleration and deceleration. Based on this, in the power supply device, the first battery cell 101 needs to discharge, and the second battery cell 102 also needs to discharge to jointly meet the power demand of the whole vehicle under special operating conditions. Furthermore, since the ratio of the first parameter of the first battery cell 101 to the second parameter of the first battery cell 101 is different from the ratio of the first parameter of the second battery cell 102 to the second parameter of the second battery cell 102, the second battery cell 102 can meet the power demand based on the determination that the whole vehicle has special demands.

[0039] In an example of the present disclosure, the second preset condition is that the required power of the load 104 exceeds the power output by the first battery cell 101 at the maximum rated pulse discharge rate. Under this condition, since the required power of the entire vehicle is higher than the output power of the first battery cell 101, the power demand of the entire vehicle cannot be satisfied only by the output of the first battery cell 101. Based on this, the first battery cell 101 and the second battery cell 102 need to output together in order to increase the overall output power of the power supply device to the second battery cell 102 to meet the high power demand of the entire vehicle. Additionally / Alternatively, the second preset condition may further be that the SOC of the first battery cell 101 and the SOC of the second battery cell 102 exceed a fourth preset threshold. Under this condition, it can be guaranteed that the first battery cell 101 and the second battery cell 102 have sufficient energy to output externally so that the first battery cell 101 and the second battery cell 102 can be guaranteed to output externally together. The fourth preset threshold is generally 70% SOC and optionally 80% SOC. However, since various users have various definition requirements for SOC, the fourth preset threshold may be selected according to actual cases. This is not limited in the present disclosure. Additionally / Alternatively, the SOC of the first battery cell 101 and the SOC of the second battery cell 102 are less than a fifth preset threshold. Under this condition, the first battery cell 101 and the second battery cell 102 cannot output externally alone. In this case, the first battery cell 101 and the second battery cell 102 need to output together. The fifth preset threshold is generally 30% SOC. However, since various users have various definition requirements for SOC, the fifth preset threshold may be selected according to actual cases. This is not limited in the present disclosure.

[0040] Based on the determination that the power supply device is in operation mode 3, in this case, the first battery cell 101 charges the second battery cell 102 and discharges to the load 104. In this operation mode, based on the definition that the third preset condition generally requires that the SOCs of the first battery cell 101 and the second battery cell 102 are significantly different and need to be balanced, the first battery cell 101 with a large capacity is used to charge the second battery cell 102 to achieve balance between the batteries. Further, in this operation mode, the first battery cell 101 can still discharge to the load 104 to meet the basic requirements of the entire vehicle.

[0041] In an example of the present disclosure, the third preset condition is that the SOC of the first battery cell 101 exceeds the SOC of the second battery cell 102, and the difference between the SOC of the first battery cell 101 and the SOC of the second battery cell 102 exceeds the sixth preset threshold. The sixth preset threshold is generally 30% SOC and optionally 50% SOC. However, since various users have various definition requirements for SOC, the sixth preset threshold may be selected according to actual cases. This is not limited in the present disclosure.

[0042] Furthermore, in an example of the present disclosure, the preset threshold is 1.5 or more. Based on the definition that the ratio of the first parameter of the first battery cell 101 to the first parameter of the second battery cell 102 and the ratio of the second parameter of the second battery cell 102 to the second parameter of the first battery cell 101 are 1.5 or more, there is a large difference between the first battery cell 101 and the second battery cell 102, and it can be guaranteed that the output requirements of the entire vehicle under various operating conditions can be better met.

[0043] In an example of the present disclosure, the first battery cell 101 includes at least one first battery core, and the second battery cell 102 includes at least one second battery core. The first battery core and the second battery core satisfy |V1 - V2| > 0.1 * V1, or |V1 - V2| > 0.1 *It satisfies V2. The voltage of the first battery core is V1, and the voltage of the second battery core is V2. Based on the above conditions, it can be further guaranteed that there is a large difference between the first battery cell 101 and the second battery cell 102, and the output requirements of the entire vehicle under various operating conditions can be better satisfied. Specifically, when the voltage difference between the battery cores in the two battery cells is less than 0.1 times the voltage of the battery core, this indicates that there is no obvious difference in the voltage between the first battery core and the second battery core. The battery cores without an obvious difference indicate that the two battery cores have the same capacity. In this case, there is no obvious difference between the first battery cell 101 and the second battery cell 102 having the same capacity, and the requirements of the entire vehicle under various operating conditions cannot be satisfied.

[0044] In an example of the present disclosure, the first battery cell 101 includes a plurality of first battery cores, the plurality of first battery cores are of a first chemical system, the second battery cell 102 includes a plurality of second battery cores, the plurality of second battery cores are of a second chemical system, and the first chemical system and the second chemical system are different. Based on the foregoing conditions, it can be further guaranteed that there is a large difference between the first battery cell 101 and the second battery cell 102, and the output requirements of the entire vehicle under various operating conditions can be better met. Specifically, battery cores of different chemical systems have different characteristics. For example, they have different capacities or different discharge rates. Based on the unique characteristics of different chemical systems, it is guaranteed that the output requirements of the entire vehicle under various operating conditions are met. In an example of the present disclosure, the capacity of a lithium iron phosphate battery generally exceeds the capacity of a lithium manganese oxide battery, but the discharge rate of a lithium manganese oxide battery is higher than the discharge rate of a lithium iron phosphate battery. Based on this, the lithium iron phosphate battery can be used as the first battery cell 101 for continuously outputting externally, while the lithium manganese oxide battery can be used as the second battery cell 102 to be introduced based on the determination that the entire vehicle requires a high-rate output to meet requirements such as acceleration that require a high-rate output. In another example of the present disclosure, the cycle life of a lithium iron phosphate graphite battery is longer than the cycle life of a ternary material lithium metal battery, but the energy density of a ternary material lithium metal battery is much higher than the energy density of a lithium iron phosphate graphite battery. Based on this, the lithium iron phosphate graphite battery can be used as the first battery cell 101 for efficiently outputting, while the lithium metal battery can be used as the second battery cell 102 to be introduced based on the determination that the entire vehicle requires long-distance durability to meet the requirement of driving range (in other words, based on the determination that the SOC of the first battery cell 101 is low).

[0045] In an example of the present disclosure, the first battery cell 101 and the second battery cell 102 are connected in series. In operation mode 2, the first battery cell 101 and the second battery cell 102 are directly connected and discharge together.

[0046] In an example of the present disclosure, the power supply device further includes a control circuit 103. Both the first battery cell 101 and the second battery cell 102 are connected to the control circuit 103 for output to the outside through the control circuit 103. The power supply device further includes a control device 105. The control device 105 is connected to the control circuit 103 to control the first battery cell 101 and the second battery cell 102 by controlling the control circuit 103 to discharge according to a preset rule. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 1, the first positive output end 1011 of the first battery cell 101 is connected to the second negative output end 1022 of the second battery cell 102, and the first negative output end 1012 of the first battery cell 101 is connected to the first end and the load negative end 1042 of the control circuit 103. The second positive output end 1021 of the second battery cell 102 is connected to the second end and the load positive end 1041 of the control circuit 103, and the third end of the control circuit 103 is connected to the first positive output end 1011 and the second negative output end 1022. In an example of the present disclosure, the control device 105 controls conduction and the turning-on of the control circuit 103 to adjust the operating mode of the power supply device. Specifically, based on the determination that the first preset condition is satisfied, the control device 105 controls the on-duty cycle of the control circuit 103 to adjust the voltage difference between the second positive output end 1021 of the second battery cell 102 and the second end of the control circuit 103 within the first preset range, thereby ensuring that only the first battery cell 101 outputs. Based on the determination that the second preset condition is satisfied, the control device 105 controls the control circuit 103 to disconnect in order to connect the first battery cell 101 and the second battery cell 102 in series for combined output. Based on the determination that the third preset condition is satisfied, the control device 105 controls the on-duty cycle of the control circuit 103 to adjust the voltage difference between the second positive output end 1021 of the second battery cell 102 and the second end of the control circuit 103 within the second preset range, thereby charging the second battery cell 102 to the first battery cell 101 and outputting to the outside.

[0047] Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 2, the control circuit 103 includes a first switch tube 1031, a second switch tube 1032, and a first inductance 1033. The first positive output end 1011 of the first battery cell 101 is connected to the second negative output end 1022 of the second battery cell 102. The first negative output end 1012 of the first battery cell 101 is connected to the first end 10311 of the first switch tube and the load burden part 1042. The second positive output end 1021 of the second battery cell 102 is connected to the second end 10322 of the second switch tube and the load positive end 1041. One end of the first inductance 1033 is connected to the first positive output end 1011 and the second negative output end 1022. The other end of the first inductance 1033 is connected to the second end 10312 of the first switch tube and the first end 10321 of the second switch tube. Furthermore, MOS tubes, IGBTs, etc. are generally selected as the first switch tube 1031 and the second switch tube 1032. The selection of the switch tube is not limited in the present disclosure.

[0048] In this case, in operation mode 1, based on the determination that the first preset condition is satisfied, the control device 105 controls the on-duty cycles of the first switch tube 1031 and the second switch tube 1032, and controls the voltage difference between the second positive output end 1021 and the second end 10322 of the second switch tube to be within the first preset range, so as to discharge the load 104 only to the first battery cell 101. Specifically, the first preset range is between 0.1V and 1V. The above-mentioned operating principle is as follows. Based on the determination that the first switch tube 1031 and the second switch tube 1032 are turned on and off by controlling the duty cycle, the first inductor 1033 stores a specific amount of charge so that the voltage at the first end 10321 of the second switch tube is the superimposed voltage of the first inductor 1033 and the first battery cell 101. Since the second switch tube 1032 is turned on, the voltage at the second end 10322 of the second switch tube is the same as the voltage at the first end 10321 of the second switch tube, and is also the superimposed voltage of the first inductor 1033 and the first battery cell 101. Furthermore, the voltage at the second positive output end 1021 of the second battery cell 102 is the sum of the voltages of the second battery cell 102 and the first battery cell 101. Based on this, as long as it is guaranteed that the voltage at the second end 10322 of the second switch tube exceeds the voltage at the second positive output end 1021 of the second battery cell 102, it can be guaranteed that the second battery cell 102 does not output to the outside. In other words, it can be guaranteed that the superimposed voltage of the first inductor 1033 and the first battery cell 101 exceeds the superimposed voltage of the second battery cell 102 and the first battery cell 101. Furthermore, when the pressure difference between the superimposed voltage of the first inductor 1033 and the first battery cell 101 and the superimposed voltage of the second battery cell 102 and the first battery cell 101 is within the first preset range, the difference between the two is not large, so the first battery core only discharges to the outside and does not charge the second battery core.

[0049] In this case, operation mode 2 is such that the control device 105 controls the first switch tube 1031 and the second switch tube 1032 to turn them off in order to connect the first battery cell 101 and the second battery cell 102 in series and discharge them together.

[0050] In this case, operation mode 3 is such that the control device 105 controls the on-duty cycle of the first switch tube 1031 and the second switch tube 1032, and controls the voltage difference between the second positive output end 1021 and the second end 10322 of the second switch tube to be within a second preset range, so as to charge the second battery cell 102 to the first battery cell 101 and discharge the load 104. Furthermore, the second preset range exceeds 1V. In addition, the operating principle in operation mode 3 is the same as the aforementioned operating principle as long as the voltage difference between the superimposed voltage of the first inductor 1033 and the first battery cell 101 and the superimposed voltage of the second battery cell 102 and the first battery cell 101 is guaranteed to be within the second preset range. In this case, since the superimposed voltage of the first inductor 1033 and the first battery cell 101 exceeds the superimposed voltage of the second battery cell 102 and the first battery cell 101, the first battery cell 101 can charge the second battery cell 102 and discharge to the outside.

[0051] In the example of the present disclosure, the power supply device includes a plurality of battery cells, and the same battery cells may be connected in series, connected in parallel, first connected in parallel and then connected in series, or first connected in series and then connected in parallel. The specific connection mode is not limited in the present disclosure. In addition, one battery cell can include a plurality of battery cores, or may have only one battery core. Based on the determination that the battery cell includes a plurality of battery cores, the capacities of the battery cores arranged in the same group are approximately equal or the same, and the chemical systems of the battery cores are consistent. For example, the battery cell includes six battery cores, the capacity of each battery core is 100AH, and the chemical system of each battery core is lithium iron phosphate.

[0052] In an example of the present disclosure, one of the plurality of battery cells is the first battery cell 101, and the rest of the plurality of batteries is the second battery cell 102. In addition, the ratio of the first parameter of the battery core of the battery cell in the first battery cell 101 to the first parameter of the battery core of the battery cell in any battery cell in the second battery cell 102 should exceed a preset threshold. Also, the ratio of the second parameter of the battery core of the battery cell in any battery cell in the second battery cell 102 to the second parameter of the battery core of the battery cell in the first battery cell 101 should exceed a preset threshold. In addition, the capacity of the battery core in the first battery cell 101 should exceed the total capacity of all the battery cores in the second battery cell 102 to ensure the subsequent operation mode.

[0053] In another example of the present disclosure, one of the plurality of battery cells is the second battery cell 102, and the rest of the plurality of battery cells is the first battery cell 101. In this example, the ratio of the first parameter of the battery core of each battery cell in the first battery cell 101 to the first parameter of the battery core of the battery cell in the second battery cell 102 should exceed a preset threshold. Also, the ratio of the second parameter of the battery core of the battery cell in the second battery cell 102 to the second parameter of the battery core of each battery cell in the first battery cell 101 should exceed a preset threshold. In addition, the total capacity of all the battery cores in the first battery cell 101 should exceed the capacity of the battery core in the second battery cell 102 to ensure the subsequent operation mode.

[0054] In another example of the present disclosure, some of the plurality of battery cells are the first battery cell 101, and the rest of the plurality of battery cells are the second battery cell 102. In this example, the ratio of the first parameter of the battery core of each battery cell in the first battery cell 101 to the first parameter of the battery core of each battery cell in the second battery cell 102 should exceed a preset threshold, and the ratio of the second parameter of the battery core of each battery cell in the second battery cell 102 to the second parameter of the battery core of each battery cell in the first battery cell 101 should exceed a preset threshold. In addition, the total capacity of all the battery cores in the first battery cell 101 should exceed the total capacity of all the battery cores in the second battery cell 102 in order to guarantee the subsequent operation mode.

[0055] In an example of the present disclosure, the first parameter is the capacity, and the ratio of the first capacity of the first battery cell 101 to the second capacity of the second battery cell 102 exceeds a preset threshold. The second parameter is the maximum rated pulse discharge rate, and the ratio of the maximum rated pulse discharge rate of the second battery cell 102 to the maximum rated pulse discharge rate of the first battery cell 101 exceeds a second preset threshold. The maximum rated pulse discharge rate is the maximum discharge rate at which the voltage of the battery drops to the cut-off voltage within 10 s. Based on the above definitions of the parameters, the first battery cell 101 is an energy pack, and the second battery cell 102 is a power pack. Specifically, the capacity of the energy pack exceeds the capacity of the power pack so that the entire vehicle mainly uses the energy pack for output. The maximum rated pulse discharge rate of the power pack exceeds the maximum rated pulse discharge rate of the energy pack to ensure that the power pack can be introduced to guarantee the high-power output of the entire vehicle usually based on the determination that high-power output is required.

[0056] Specifically, in the example of the present disclosure, based on the determination that high SOC and low power are satisfied, the power supply device enters the operation mode 1. In other words, only the energy pack outputs. The first preset condition is that the required power of the load 104 is less than the power output by the first battery cell 101 at the maximum rated pulse discharge rate. Under this condition, the required power of the entire vehicle is less than the discharge power of the first battery cell 101, and the first battery cell 101 can output externally to meet the normal demand of the entire vehicle. Alternatively, the first preset condition may further be that under the requirement of the aforementioned power condition, the SOC of the first battery cell 101 is higher than the SOC of the second battery cell 102, and the SOC of the second battery cell 102 is less than the third preset threshold. Alternatively, the first preset condition may further be that the SOC of the first battery cell 101 is higher than the SOC of the second battery cell 102, and the SOC of the second battery cell 102 is less than the third preset threshold. Under this condition, the SOC of the second battery cell 102 cannot meet the external output requirement, and as a result, only the first battery cell 101 needs to output externally. The third preset threshold is generally 30% SOC and optionally 20% SOC. However, since various users have various definition requirements for SOC, the third preset threshold may be selected according to actual cases. This is not limited in the present disclosure.

[0057] In an example of the present disclosure, based on the determination that high SOC and high power are satisfied, the power supply device enters operation mode 2. In other words, the energy pack and the power pack are connected in series and output externally together. The second preset condition is that the required power of load 104 exceeds the power output by the first battery cell 101 at the maximum rated pulse discharge rate. Under this condition, since the required power of the entire vehicle is higher than the output power of the first battery cell 101, the output of the first battery cell 101 alone cannot satisfy the power demand of the entire vehicle. Based on this, the first battery cell 101 and the second battery cell 102 need to output together to satisfy the high power demand of the entire vehicle by increasing the overall output power of the power supply device to the second battery cell 102. Additionally / Alternatively, the second preset condition may further be that the SOC of the first battery cell 101 and the SOC of the second battery cell 102 exceed a fourth preset threshold. Under this condition, it can be guaranteed that the first battery cell 101 and the second battery cell 102 have sufficient energy to output externally so that the first battery cell 101 and the second battery cell 102 can be guaranteed to output externally together. The fourth preset threshold is generally 70% SOC and optionally 80% SOC. However, since various users have various definition requirements for SOC, the fourth preset threshold may be selected according to actual cases. This is not limited in the present disclosure. Additionally / Alternatively, the SOC of the first battery cell 101 and the SOC of the second battery cell 102 are less than a fifth preset threshold. Under this condition, the first battery cell 101 and the second battery cell 102 cannot output externally alone, and as a result, the first battery cell 101 and the second battery cell 102 need to output together. The fifth preset threshold is generally 30% SOC. However, since various users have various definition requirements for SOC, the fifth preset threshold may be selected according to actual cases. This is not limited in the present disclosure.

[0058] In an example of the present disclosure, based on the determination that the difference between the SOC of the energy pack and the SOC of the power pack is excessively large, operation mode 3 is enabled. In other words, the energy pack charges the power pack in order to achieve a balance between the energy pack and the power pack. The third preset condition is that the SOC of the first battery cell 101 is higher than the SOC of the second battery cell 102, and the difference between the SOC of the first battery cell 101 and the SOC of the second battery cell 102 exceeds the sixth preset threshold. The sixth preset threshold is generally 30% SOC and optionally 50% SOC. However, since various users have various definition requirements for SOC, the sixth preset threshold may be selected according to actual cases. This is not limited in the present disclosure.

[0059] Based on the foregoing example, the power supply device includes an energy pack and a power pack. Also, based on preset conditions, the energy pack and the power pack are selected for adjusted output to meet the requirements of the endurance mileage and output, improve the energy efficiency of the power supply device, and reduce the cost of the power supply device.

[0060] The power supply device disclosed in the present disclosure can quickly obtain an agile design of the power supply device required by various vehicles as a whole by combining the first battery cell and the second battery cell including various quantities of strings without changing the battery core surface density, compression density, and jacket size. In addition, based on this, the energy density of the power supply device can be further maximally increased, and the difference between various power supply devices can be significantly reduced in order to obtain a standardized design of the power supply device and greatly reduce the cost of the power supply device.

[0061] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used solely for purposes of description and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or as implying any quantity of the technical features shown. Thus, the features defined by "first" and "second" can explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present disclosure, unless otherwise specified, "a plurality of" means two or more, for example, two or three.

[0062] In the description of this specification, the description of directive words such as "example", "some examples", "illustration", "specific illustration", or "some illustrations" means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described with reference to the examples or illustrations are included in at least one example or illustration of the present disclosure. In this specification, the exemplary descriptions of the foregoing terms do not necessarily refer to the same example or illustration. Further, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more examples or illustrations. In addition, the various examples or illustrations described in the specification, as well as the features of the various examples or illustrations, can be integrated and combined by those skilled in the art without conflicting with each other.

[0063] Although examples of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the foregoing examples are for illustrative purposes only and cannot be construed as limitations on the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations to the above examples without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Explanation of Reference Numerals

[0064] 101 First battery cell 1011 First positive output end 1012 First negative output end 102 Second battery cell 1021 Second positive output end 1022 Second negative output end 103 Control circuit 1031 First switch tube 10311 First end of the first switch tube 10312 Second end of the first switch tube 1032 Second switch tube 10321 First end of the second switch tube 10322 Second end of the second switch tube 1033 First inductance 104 Load 1041 Positive end of the load 1042 Negative end of the load 105 Control device

Claims

1. A power supply device comprising a first battery cell (101) and a second battery cell (102), wherein the ratio of the first parameter of the first battery cell (101) to the first parameter of the second battery cell (102) exceeds a first preset threshold, and the ratio of the second parameter of the second battery cell (102) to the second parameter of the first battery cell (101) exceeds a second preset threshold, and the first preset threshold and the second preset threshold are greater than 1, Based on the determination that the capacity of the first battery cell (101) exceeds the capacity of the second battery cell (102), the first battery cell (10) and / or the second battery cell (102) discharges according to a preset rule, The preset rule is, Based on the determination that the first preset condition is satisfied, only the first battery cell (101) discharges the load (104), Based on the determination that the second preset condition is satisfied, the first battery cell (101) and the second battery cell (102) discharge together, and Based on the determination that the third preset condition is satisfied, the first battery cell (101) charges the second battery cell (102) and discharges the load (104) A power supply device comprising the above.

2. The power supply device according to claim 1, wherein the first preset threshold and the second preset threshold are 1.5 or more.

3. The first battery cell (101) includes at least one first battery core, the second battery cell (102) includes at least one second battery core, and the first battery core and the second battery core satisfy |V1 - V2| > 0.1 ＊ V1, or |V1 - V2| > 0.1 ＊ satisfy V2, The power supply device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the voltage of the first battery core is V1 and the voltage of the second battery core is V2.

4. The first battery cell (101) comprises a plurality of first battery cores, the plurality of first battery cores are of a first chemical system, the second battery cell (102) comprises a plurality of second battery cores, the plurality of second battery cores are of a second chemical system, and the first chemical system and the second chemical system are different. The power supply device according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

5. The power supply device according to claim 4, wherein the first battery cell (101) is a lithium iron phosphate battery and the second battery cell (102) is a lithium manganese oxide battery.

6. The power supply device according to claim 4, wherein the first battery cell (101) is a lithium iron phosphate graphite battery, and the second battery cell (102) is a lithium metal battery.

7. A control circuit (103) connected to the control circuit (103) so that both the first battery cell (101) and the second battery cell (102) are output to the outside through the control circuit (103); A control device (105) connected to the control circuit (103) for controlling the first battery cell (101) and the second battery cell (102) by controlling the control circuit (103) to discharge according to the preset rules. The power supply device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising a control device (105).

8. The control circuit (103) includes a first switch tube (1031), a second switch tube (1032), and a first inductance (1033). The first positive output end (1011) of the first battery cell (101) is connected to the second negative output end (1022) of the second battery cell (102), and the first negative output end (1012) of the first battery cell (101) is connected to the first end (10311) and the load negative end (1042) of the first switch tube. The second positive output end (1021) of the second battery cell (102) is connected to the second end (10322) of the second switch tube and the load positive end (1041). The end of the first inductance (1033) is connected to the first positive output end (1011) and the second negative output end (1022), and the other end of the first inductance (1033) is connected to the second end (10312) of the first switch tube and the first end (10321) of the second switch tube. The power supply device according to claim 7.

9. Based on the determination that the first preset condition is satisfied, the control device (105) controls the on-duty cycles of the first switch tube (1031) and the second switch tube (1032), and controls the voltage difference between the second positive output end (1021) and the second end (10322) of the second switch tube to be within a first preset range, so as to discharge the load (104) only to the first battery cell (101). Based on the determination that the second preset condition is satisfied, the control device (105) controls the first switch tube (1031) and the second switch tube (1032) to be turned off, so as to discharge the first battery cell (101) and the second battery cell (102) together. Based on the determination that the third preset condition is satisfied, the control device (105) controls the on-duty cycles of the first switch tube (1031) and the second switch tube (1032), and controls the voltage difference between the second positive output end (1021) and the second end (10322) of the second switch tube to be within a second preset range, so as to charge the second battery cell (102) to the first battery cell (101) and discharge the load (104). The power supply device according to claim 8, wherein the maximum value of the first preset range is less than the minimum value of the second preset range.

10. The power supply device according to claim 9, wherein the first preset range is from 0.1V to 1V, and the second preset range is greater than 1V.

11. Comprising a plurality of battery cells, one of the plurality of battery cells is the first battery cell (101), and the rest of the plurality of battery cells are the second battery cells (102). Or, one of the plurality of battery cells is the second battery cell (102), and the rest of the plurality of battery cells are the first battery cells (101). Or, some of the plurality of battery cells are the first battery cells (101), and the rest of the plurality of battery cells are the second battery cells (102). The power supply device according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

12. The first parameter is capacitance, and a ratio of a first capacitance of the first battery cell (101) to a second capacitance of the second battery cell (102) exceeds the first preset threshold value. The second parameter is a maximum rated pulse discharge rate, and a ratio of a maximum rated pulse discharge rate of the second battery cell (102) to a maximum rated pulse discharge rate of the first battery cell (101) exceeds the second preset threshold value. The power supply device according to any one of claims 1 to 9. [

13. ] The first preset condition is that a required power of the load (104) is less than a power output by the first battery cell (101) at the maximum rated pulse discharge rate, and / or a state of charge of the first battery cell (101) exceeds a state of charge of the second battery cell (102) and the state of charge of the second battery cell (102) is less than a third preset threshold value. The second preset condition is that the required power of the load (104) exceeds the power output by the first battery cell (101) at the maximum rated pulse discharge rate, and / or the state of charge of the first battery cell (101) and the state of charge of the second battery cell (102) exceed a fourth preset threshold value, and / or the state of charge of the first battery cell (101) and the state of charge of the second battery cell (102) are less than a fifth preset threshold value. The third preset condition is that the state of charge of the first battery cell (101) exceeds the state of charge of the second battery cell (102), and a difference between the state of charge of the first battery cell (101) and the state of charge of the second battery cell (102) exceeds a sixth preset threshold value. The maximum rated pulse discharge rate is a maximum discharge rate that drops a voltage of the first battery cell (101) or a voltage of the second battery cell (102) to a cut-off voltage within 10 s. The power supply device according to claim 12.

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