Bent camera module and mobile device

Abstract

A curved camera module for a mobile device. The curved camera module includes a lens with an effective focal length in the range of 8 mm to 50 mm and an f / # smaller than 3.5. The lens comprises a first lens group (G1) and a second lens group (G2). The curved camera module includes an optical path bending element (OPFE). The first lens group is disposed on an object side of the OPFE, and the second lens group is disposed on an image side of the OPFE. The curved camera module is further configured to spatially adjust at least one of the first lens group, the second lens group, and the OPFE to compensate for an optical path shift of light entering the curved camera module due to movement of the camera module, thereby providing optical image stabilization.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS This application is a continuation of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 417,387 filed October 19, 2022, U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 383,708 filed November 15, 2022, U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 427,870 filed November 24, 2022, U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 386,191 filed December 6, 2022, U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 477,429 filed December 28, 2022, and U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 477,429 filed January 5, 2023. This application claims priority from U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 78,520, filed January 30, 2023, U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 482,082, filed March 21, 2023, U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 491,334, filed April 10, 2023, U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 495,144, filed April 10, 2023, U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 502,103, filed May 14, 2023, and U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 513,862, filed July 15, 2023. All of these provisional patent applications are incorporated herein by reference in their entireties.

[0002] [Technical Field] The subject matter of this disclosure relates generally to the field of digital cameras, and more particularly to the field of bent telecamera modules for mobile devices such as smartphones. [Background technology]

[0003] Multi-aperture cameras (or "multi-cameras," with two cameras being a "dual camera") are the standard today for portable electronic mobile devices ("mobile devices," e.g., smartphones, tablets, etc.). A multi-camera setup typically consists of a wide-field-of-view (or "wide-angle") FOVW camera (a "wide" or "W" camera) and at least one additional camera. This additional camera may, for example, have a narrower FOV (than the FOVW) (a "tele" camera with a telephoto or FOVT) or an ultra-wide field-of-view FOVUW (a "UW" camera, wider than the FOVW).

[0004] 1A shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of a known folded telecamera 100. The camera 100 includes a lens 102, an optical path folding element (OPFE) 104, such as a prism or mirror, and a sensor height H S The OPFE 104 folds the first optical path ("first optical path", "OP1") 108 into a second optical path (second optical path, OP2) 110. The lens 102 includes a plurality of N lens elements, numbered L1 through L7 (where N=7), and is divided into two lens groups: the first lens group 102-G1 ("G1") includes L1 through L4 and has a thickness T G1 The second lens group 102-G2 ("G2") has a lens optical axis parallel to the first optical path, and is disposed on the object side of the OPFE. The second lens group 102-G2 ("G2") includes L5 to L7 and has a thickness T G2 and is located on the image side of the OPFE and has a lens optical axis parallel to the second optical path, i.e., normal to the image sensor 106. The lens elements contained in each of G1 and G2 do not move relative to each other, but move together with respect to other components contained in the camera 100. In some embodiments, all of the lens elements in G1 and G2 may be contained in a single lens barrel and fixedly coupled together. An optical element (not shown), such as an IR filter, may be located between 102-G2 and the image sensor 106. The lens 102 has a lens width W L The distance between 102-G1 and OPFE 104 is ΔLO. The width of OPFE 104 (measured along the second optical path) is W OPFE The OPFE104 has a height H OPFE About H OPFE =W OPFEThe first and second optical paths 108 and 110 may be oriented at a 45-degree angle relative to the first and second optical paths such that: The distance d(G1-G2) between G1 and G2 is given by d(G1-G2)=d(G1-G2)1+d(G1-G2)2, where d(G1-G2)1 is oriented along the first optical path 108 and d(G1-G2)2 is oriented along the second optical path 110. The TTL of the camera 100 is split into TTL1 and TTL2. TTL1 is parallel to the first optical path 108, and TTL2 is parallel to the second optical path 110, such that TTL=TTL1+TTL2. The BFL is not split into two perpendicular components. The aperture of the camera 100 is numbered 112.

[0005] These represent the theoretical limits of the camera module length ("minimum module length" or "MLM"), the camera module's first height ("minimum module height" or "MHM"), and the camera module's second height ("minimum shoulder height" or "MHS"), including camera 100, where MHM > MHS. MLM, MHM, and MHS are defined by the minimum dimensions of the components included in camera 100. Hereinafter, "MH" stands for "camera module height," or more simply "module height," and "SH" stands for "camera shoulder height," or more simply "shoulder height." The camera module includes a housing 114.

[0006] FIG. 1B schematically illustrates a mobile device 120 (e.g., a smartphone) including a known curved telecamera 100. The camera 100 has an opening 112 located on a rear surface 122, and a front surface 124 that may include, for example, a screen (not shown). The mobile device 120 has a normal region 126 with a thickness (“T”) and a camera bump region 128 that is elevated above the normal region 126 by a height B. The bump region 128 has a bump length (“BL”) and a bump thickness equal to T+B. As shown, R1 of the camera 100 may be integrated into the bump region 128, and R2 may be integrated into the normal region 126. For industrial design reasons, a small camera bump (i.e., a short BL) is desirable. The camera 100 is only partially integrated into the bump region, allowing for a relatively short BL. In general, it is beneficial to minimize the MHM and MHS, especially for thin mobile devices. In particular, minimizing MHM is of interest because it can minimize B. In compact cameras, minimizing MLM is also beneficial, especially minimizing R1, which can minimize BL.

[0007] 1C shows a known dual camera 150 including a folded zoom telecamera 160 and a W camera 180. The folded telecamera 160 includes an OPFE 162, e.g., a prism or mirror, a lens 170 having multiple lens elements (not visible in this representation), and an image sensor 166. The OPFE folds the optical path from a first optical path 172 to a second optical path 174. The W camera 180 includes a lens 184 having an optical axis 186 and an image sensor 188. Summary of the Invention

[0008] A technical difficulty that arises in camera 100 is that the implementation of optical image stabilization (OIS) and focusing is relatively complex in terms of operation and / or increases MHM, especially due to the division of lens 102 into two groups.

[0009] It would be beneficial to have a folding camera having a split lens for achieving a relatively low f-value (f / #) that can perform OIS and focusing with simple operation without increasing MHM and / or MHS.

[0010] Generally, according to the subject matter of the present disclosure, a folding camera module for a mobile device is provided. The folding camera module includes a lens. The lens has an effective focal length (EFL) within the range of 8 mm < EFL < 50 mm and an f / # less than 3.5. The lens includes a first lens group (G1) defining a first optical axis (OA1) and a second lens group (G2) defining a second optical axis (OA2). The folding camera module includes an optical path bending element (OPFE) configured to bend the first optical axis toward the second optical axis. The first lens group is disposed on the object side of the OPFE, and the second lens group is disposed on the image side of the OPFE. The folding camera module further includes an image sensor disposed on the image side of the second lens group. The folding camera module is configured to acquire data indicating movement (e.g., rotational movement) of the folding camera module. The folding camera module is further configured to spatially adjust at least one of the optical elements, i.e., at least one of the first lens group, the second lens group, and the OPFE. The spatial adjustment of the optical element is performed to compensate for an optical path shift of light incident on the folding camera module due to the movement. By compensating for the optical path shift, OIS in a first OIS direction (the direction of the sensor plane in which the image sensor extends, also referred to as the "direction of the image sensor") and a second (transverse) OIS direction (of the image sensor) is provided.

[0011] In some embodiments, spatial adjustment of optical elements may be performed such that two or more optical elements are adjusted together. In the present disclosure, two or more optical elements that are adjusted "together" may move like a single rigid body that includes the two or more optical elements. In other words, the optical elements that are adjusted may move as if they were mechanically coupled to form a single rigid body. In some embodiments, the optical elements may be mechanically coupled to move as a rigid body and may be electronically controlled.

[0012] Hereinafter, the term "OIS group" will be used to refer to the optical elements of a curved camera module that are spatially adjusted in conjunction to perform OIS in at least one of two OIS directions. As described below, the present disclosure discloses performing OIS by moving various OIS groups. In some embodiments, a curved camera module may perform OIS in at least one of two OIS directions by spatially adjusting an OIS group that includes a first lens group and an OPFE. In other embodiments, the OIS group may include a first lens group, a second lens group, and an OPFE.

[0013] According to a first aspect, the presently disclosed subject matter provides a curved camera module configured to spatially adjust a first lens group to compensate for an optical path shift of light entering the curved camera module due to said movement. Spatially adjusting the first lens group thus includes linearly moving the first lens group along a first axis parallel to a second optical axis. Spatially adjusting the first lens group further includes linearly moving the first lens group along a second axis perpendicular to the first optical axis and perpendicular to the second optical axis to provide OIS in a second OIS direction.

[0014] According to an embodiment, the provided curved camera module is further configured to spatially adjust an OPFE to compensate for an optical path shift of light incident on the curved camera module due to the movement. The OPFE and the first lens group along the second axis are moved to provide an OIS in a second OIS direction of the sensor. Optionally, the first lens group and the OPFE are configured to be spatially adjusted together.

[0015] According to a second aspect of the subject matter of the present disclosure, a curved camera module is provided that is configured to spatially adjust a first lens group and an OPFE. Spatially adjusting the first lens group and the OPFE includes linearly moving the first lens group along a first axis parallel to a second optical axis to provide an OIS in a first OIS direction. Spatially adjusting the first lens group and the OPFE includes rotating the first lens group and the OPFE about a second axis parallel to the second optical axis to provide an OIS in the second OIS direction. Optionally, the first lens group and the OPFE are configured to rotate together about the second axis.

[0016] According to a third aspect of the subject matter of the present disclosure, a curved camera module is provided that is configured to spatially adjust a first lens group and an OPFE. Spatially adjusting the first lens group and the OPFE includes rotating the first lens group and the OPFE (optionally together) about a first axis that is perpendicular to the first optical axis and perpendicular to the second optical axis to provide an OIS in a first OIS direction. Spatially adjusting the first lens group includes rotating the first lens group and the OPFE (optionally together) along / about a second axis that is parallel to the second optical axis to provide an OIS in a second OIS direction.

[0017] According to a fourth aspect of the subject matter of the present disclosure, a curved camera module is provided that is configured to spatially adjust a first lens group and an OPFE. Spatially adjusting the first lens group and the OPFE includes rotating the first lens group and the OPFE (optionally together) about a first axis that is perpendicular to the first optical axis and perpendicular to the second optical axis to provide an OIS in a first OIS direction. Spatially adjusting the first lens group includes rotating the first lens group and the OPFE (optionally together) along / about a second axis that is parallel to the first optical axis to provide an OIS in a second OIS direction.

[0018] According to a fifth aspect of the presently disclosed subject matter, there is provided a curved camera module configured to spatially adjust an OPFE. Spatially adjusting the OPFE includes rotating the OPFE about a first axis perpendicular to the first optical axis and perpendicular to the second optical axis to provide an OIS in a first OIS orientation. Spatially adjusting the OPFE includes rotating the OPFE about a second axis parallel to the second optical axis to provide an OIS in a second OIS orientation.

[0019] According to a sixth aspect of the subject matter of the present disclosure, the curved camera module is configured to spatially adjust a first lens group and an OPFE. Spatially adjusting the first lens group and the OPFE to provide an OIS in a first OIS direction includes individually rotating the OPFE about a first axis perpendicular to the first optical axis and perpendicular to the second optical axis, and rotating the first lens group about a second axis perpendicular to the first optical axis and perpendicular to the second optical axis. The first and second axes are different. The rotation about the first axis is performed to rotate by a first angle. The rotation about the second axis is performed to rotate by a second angle to provide an OIS in a second OIS direction, and spatially adjusting the first lens group and the OPFE includes jointly rotating the first lens group and the OPFE about a third axis parallel to the second optical axis.

[0020] According to a seventh aspect of the subject matter of the present disclosure, a curved camera module is provided that is configured to spatially adjust a first lens group and an OPFE. To provide an OIS in a first OIS direction, the curved camera module is configured such that spatially adjusting the first lens group and the OPFE includes rotating the first lens group and the OPFE (optionally together) about a first axis that is perpendicular to the first optical axis and perpendicular to the second optical axis, and additionally rotating the first lens group about a second axis that is perpendicular to the first optical axis and perpendicular to the second optical axis. The first and second axes are different. The rotation about the first axis is performed to rotate by a first angle. The rotation about the second axis is performed to rotate by a second angle. This results in a compound rotation of the first lens group. For example, the OPFE and the first lens group may be configured to be rotatable about a first axis (e.g., by being mounted on a platform that pivots about the first axis), and the first lens group may be configured to be rotatable about a second axis relative to the platform. To provide the OIS in the second OIS orientation, the curved camera module is configured such that spatially adjusting the first lens group and the OPFE includes rotating the first lens group and the OPFE together about a third axis parallel to the second optical axis.

[0021] According to embodiments of the sixth and seventh aspects, the second angle is twice the first angle.

[0022] According to an embodiment of the sixth and seventh aspects, the OIS includes selecting one of the first axis and the second axis.

[0023] According to an eighth aspect of the subject matter of the present disclosure, there is provided a curved camera module configured to spatially adjust a first lens group and a second lens group. Spatially adjusting the first lens group and the second lens group includes linearly moving the first lens group along a first axis parallel to a second optical axis to provide OIS in a first OIS direction. Spatially adjusting the first lens group and the second lens group includes linearly moving the first lens group and the second lens group together along a second axis perpendicular to the first optical axis and perpendicular to the second optical axis to provide OIS in a second OIS direction.

[0024] According to a ninth aspect of the subject matter of the present disclosure, there is provided a curved camera module including a third lens group (G3). The third lens group is disposed on the image side of the second lens group. In other words, the third lens group is disposed between the image side of the second lens group and the image sensor. The optical axis of the third lens group is shared with the second optical axis. In other words, the optical axis of the third lens group coincides with the second optical axis. The curved camera module is configured to spatially adjust the first lens group, the second lens group, and the OPFE. Spatially adjusting the first lens group, the second lens group, and the OPFE includes rotating the first lens group, the OPFE, and the second lens group together about a first axis perpendicular to the first optical axis and perpendicular to the second optical axis to provide an OIS in a first OIS direction. Spatially adjusting the first lens group, the second lens group, and the OPFE includes rotating the first lens group, the OPFE, and the second lens group about a second axis parallel to a second optical axis to provide an OIS in a second OIS direction.

[0025] According to a tenth aspect of the subject matter of the present disclosure, a curved camera module is provided that is configured to spatially adjust a first lens group, a second lens group, and an OPFE. Spatially adjusting the first lens group, the second lens group, and the OPFE includes linearly moving the first lens group, the second lens group, and the OPFE (optionally together) along a first axis parallel to a first optical axis to provide an OIS in a first OIS direction. Spatially adjusting the first lens group, the second lens group, and the OPFE includes linearly moving the first lens group, the second lens group, and the OPFE (optionally together) along a second axis perpendicular to the first optical axis and perpendicular to a second optical axis to provide an OIS in a second OIS direction.

[0026] According to an eleventh aspect of the subject matter of the present disclosure, a curved camera module is provided that is configured to spatially adjust an OPFE. Spatially adjusting the OPFE includes rotating the OPFE about a first axis that is perpendicular to the first optical axis and perpendicular to the second optical axis to provide an OIS in a first OIS orientation. Spatially adjusting the OPFE includes rotating the OPFE about a second axis that is parallel to the first optical axis to provide an OIS in a second OIS orientation.

[0027] A curved camera module for a mobile device according to any of the first to eleventh aspects of the subject matter of the present disclosure may optionally include one or more of the following features (i) to (xviii), in any technically possible combination or permutation: i. Automatic focusing (AF) is performed by moving the second lens group along an axis parallel to the second optical axis. ii. Contains six lens elements or seven lens elements. iii. f / # is less than 3.25. Preferably, f / # is less than 3, more preferably less than 2.9, and even more preferably less than 2.8. iv. Movement of the first lens group Δ G1 is the shift Δ of the image formed at the image sensor along the first OIS directionSensor is greater than. v. Movement of the first lens group Δ G1 is the shift Δ of the image formed at the image sensor along the second OIS direction Sensor is greater than. vi. The first lens group includes two or three lens elements, and the second lens group includes three or four elements. vii. Flexion angle is less than 90°. viii. OPFE is an obtuse triangular prism. ix. The prism includes a top surface and two side surfaces. An angle α formed between the top surface and a first of the two side surfaces is greater than 90°. An angle β formed between the two side surfaces is greater than 45°. An angle γ formed between the top surface and a second of the two side surfaces is less than 45°. x. α is in the range of 90° to 100°, β is in the range of 45° to 55°, and γ is in the range of 35° to 45°. xi. α is in the range of 90° to 95°, β is in the range of 45° to 50°, and γ is in the range of 40° to 45°. xii. The image sensor is perpendicular to the second optical path. xiii. The minimum object-to-lens distance (u) that the camera can focus on min ) is less than 25 cm. xiv. The effective focal length of the second lens group is at least three times greater than the effective focal length of the first lens group. xv. The effective focal length of the first lens group is less than 0.8 times the effective focal length. xvi. The total track length (TTL) is less than 1.1 times the effective focal length. xvii. The minimum module length (MLM) is smaller than the effective focal length. xviii. The minimum module length (MLM) is less than 0.9 times the total trace length (TTL).

[0028] The present disclosure also provides a mobile device incorporating a folded camera module according to any of the previous aspects.

[0029] According to some embodiments, the folded camera module is configured as a zoom camera.

[0030] According to some embodiments, the folded camera module is configured as a telecamera.

[0031] According to some embodiments, the folded camera module is included in a camera assembly that includes at least two cameras.

[0032] It is worth noting that, similar to the eleventh aspect, the curved camera modules according to the first to tenth aspects can have a third lens group. The third lens group can be used, for example, to implement an autofocus function. In some embodiments including the third lens group, the first lens group, the second lens group, and the third lens group are configured together as a beam contractor.

[0033] In this application, the following symbols, terms and abbreviations may be understood in accordance with the following explanations. The term "total track length" (TTL) may refer to the maximum distance between a point on the front surface S1 of the first lens element L1 and the image sensor, measured along an axis parallel to the optical axis of the lens, when the system is focused at infinite object distance. The term "back focal length" (BFL) may refer to the minimum distance between a point on the rear surface S2N of the last lens element LN and the image sensor, measured along an axis parallel to the optical axis of the lens, when the system is focused at an infinite object distance. The term "effective focal length" (EFL) of a lens (collection of lens elements L1 to LN) may refer to the distance between the rear principal point P' and the rear focal point F' of the lens. The term f-number (f / #) may refer to the ratio of the EFL to the entrance pupil diameter (or simply the aperture diameter "DA"). The terms "optical lens system" and "lens system" may be used interchangeably.

[0034] In this disclosure, the camera module is folded by an OPFE. The OPFE defines a first lens group disposed on the object side of the OPFE and a second lens group disposed on the image side of the OPFE. The first lens group (e.g., 102-G1 in FIGS. 1-2) may be referred to as G1. The second lens group (e.g., 102-G2 in FIGS. 1-2) of the camera module may be referred to as G2.

[0035] For simplicity, in various embodiments, the same terms first lens group (or G1) and second lens group (or G2) are used to refer to the lens groups in front (object side) and behind (image side) of the OPFE.

[0036] The term OA1 may refer to the optical axis of the first lens group.

[0037] The term OA2 may refer to the optical axis of the second lens group.

[0038] The term first optical path or OP1 may refer to an axis parallel to OA1. The first optical path may be, but is not necessarily, coincident with OA1.

[0039] The term second optical path or OP2 may refer to an axis parallel to OA2. The second optical path may be, but is not necessarily, coincident with OA2.

[0040] The lens is made up of multiple L i The lens element may include N lens elements, which may be designated "i", where "i" is an integer from 1 to N.

[0041] L1 may refer to the lens element closest to the object side, or in other words, the first lens element onto which any light ray emitted from the object may be incident.

[0042] L Nmay refer to the lens element closest to the image side, i.e., the side where the image sensor may be located. N may refer to the last lens element onto which any light ray emitted from the object may be incident.

[0043] Each lens element may have two surfaces: a "front surface" and a "rear surface." The term "front surface" of a lens element may refer to the surface of the lens element that is closer to the entrance of the camera (the object side of the camera). The term "rear surface" may refer to the surface of the lens element that is closer to the image sensor (the image side of the camera).

[0044] Lens element L i The front of the 2i-1 And the back is S 2i Alternatively, the surface of the lens may be labeled "S" with k ranging from 1 to 2N. k The front and rear surfaces may optionally be aspherical.

[0045] The lens element parameters for the different lens elements are detailed herein with tables and corresponding figures for the different exemplary embodiments. The following definitions and parameters may be used throughout the different exemplary embodiments: Surfaces can be classified according to the following types: a) Plano: Flat surface, no curvature. b) For Q Type 1 (QT1), the following first surface sag formula may be used:

number

number

[0046] The value of the clear aperture is a term known in the art and may be written as "CA" and may be given as the clear aperture diameter, i.e., CA / 2.

[0047] The reference wavelength may be 555.0 nm. Values ​​indicating lengths may be provided in millimeters, except for refractive index ("index") and Abbe #, which are unitless.

[0048] Each lens element L i are the focal lengths f i may have

[0049] The FOV may be given as half FOV (HFOV). The table may provide the clear aperture diameter of the OPFE (e.g., prism 304 in Figures 18A-18C). The CA diameter may represent the circular optically active area of ​​the OPFE.

[0050] For OPFEs that may be implemented with prisms, the rectangular apertures may have FWHMs of 3.0 x 2.91 mm, 2.9 x 4.11 mm, and 3.0 x 2.81 mm for the entrance, reflection, and exit surfaces, respectively. The thicknesses of the prism surfaces are measured along the first and second optical paths, e.g., first optical path 310 and second optical path 312, respectively, in Figures 18A-18C.

[0051] To estimate the theoretical limits of the minimum dimensions of a camera module including the optical lens system described herein, the following parameters and interdependencies are introduced, with reference to FIGS. 1A-1C as an example: MLM and "Module Length" ("ML") - The minimal module length ("MLM") is the theoretical limit of the length of the camera module including all components of the camera 100. MLM=max(Z Lens , Z OPFE )-Z Sensor and max(Z Lens , Z OPFE ) is the lens 102-G1 (Z Lens ) or OPFE104(Z OPFE ) is the maximum Z value, and Z Sensor is the minimum Z value of the image sensor 106. In some embodiments, and as shown in FIG. 1A, Z Lens >Z OPFE and therefore MLM=Z Lens -Z Sensor is. To achieve a realistic estimate of camera module length (“ML”), for example, 3.5 mm may be added to MLM, i.e., ML = MLM + 3.5 mm. This additional length accounts for lens stroke that may be required for OIS and image sensor packaging, housing, etc. [R1] - The first region ("R1") of the MLM, associated with the first minimum module height MHM. R1=max(W L , W OPFE In some embodiments, and as shown in FIG. 1A, W L > W OPFE and therefore R1 is determined only by 102-G1, and R1=WL. [R2] - the second region ("R2") of the MLM associated with the second minimum module height MHS, <MHMである。R2=MLM-R1である。

[0052] In general, and for a given MLM, it may be beneficial from an industrial design perspective to maximize R2 (minimize R1). [MHM and "Module Height" ("MH")] - MHM = H OPFE +ΔLO+TG1 .

[0053] To achieve a realistic estimate of the camera module height, MH is calculated by adding 1.5 mm of height to MHM, i.e., MH = MHM + 1.5 mm. This additional length accounts for the housing, lens cover, etc.

[0054] In other examples, for example, if the image sensor 106 occupies a lower y value than the OPFE 104, the MHM may be such that MHM>H OPFE +ΔLO+LT In these examples, MHM is given by the difference between the lowest y value occupied by image sensor 106 and the highest y value occupied by 102-G1.

[0055] [MHS and "Shoulder Height" ("SH")] - The second minimum module height ("MHS") is the theoretical limit of the height of the camera module including all components of the camera 100 within the second region ("R2"). MHS = min(H S ,H OPFE ) The image sensor 106 may have a width:height ratio of 4:3, so the sensor diagonal (SD) is SD=5 / 3·H S may be given by

[0056] In some embodiments, for example, as shown in FIG. 1A, the MHS may be determined solely by the image sensor 106, i.e., MHS=H S is.

[0057] To achieve a realistic estimate of the height of the actual camera module, the shoulder height SH is calculated by adding an additional height of, for example, 1.5 mm to MHS, i.e., SH=MHS+1.5 mm, where this additional height accounts for contact with the sensor 106 and the housing.

[0058] [B Min Theoretical minimum value for camera bump height B, such as ]-128. B Min=MHM-T. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0059] In order to better understand the subject matter disclosed herein and to illustrate how it may be carried out in practice, embodiments will now be described, by way of non-limiting example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: [Figure 1A] 1 shows a known folded telecamera; [Figure 1B] 1 shows a mobile device including a known bent telecamera; [Figure 1C] 1 shows a known dual camera. [Figure 2A] 1 illustrates a schematic diagram of a curved telecamera according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 2B] 1 illustrates a schematic diagram of a curved telecamera according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 3] 1 shows a flowchart illustrating broad aspects of an OIS method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 4] 1 shows a flow chart illustrating broad aspects of a control system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 5A] 1 shows a schematic perspective view of the optical elements of a curved camera module positioned in a null state; [Figure 5B] 10A and 10B show schematic side views of the optical elements of the curved camera module positioned in a null state; [Figure 6A] 1 shows a schematic perspective view of the optical elements of a curved camera module implementing an OIS method according to the first method disclosed herein; [Figure 6B] 1 shows a schematic side view of the optical elements of a curved camera module implementing an OIS method according to the first method disclosed herein; [Figure 6C] 1 shows a schematic perspective view of the optical elements of a curved camera module implementing an OIS method according to the first method disclosed herein; [Figure 6D] 1 shows a schematic side view of the optical elements of a curved camera module implementing an OIS method according to the first method disclosed herein; [Figure 7A]1 shows a schematic perspective view of the optical elements of a curved camera module implementing an OIS method according to the second method disclosed herein; [Figure 7B] 1 shows a schematic side view of the optical elements of a curved camera module implementing an OIS method according to the second method disclosed herein; [Figure 7C] 1 shows a schematic perspective view of the optical elements of a curved camera module implementing an OIS method according to the second method disclosed herein; [Figure 7D] 1 shows a schematic side view of the optical elements of a curved camera module implementing an OIS method according to the second method disclosed herein; [Figure 8A] 10 shows a schematic perspective view of the optical elements of a curved camera module implementing an OIS method according to the third method disclosed herein; [Figure 8B] 10 shows a schematic side view of the optical elements of a curved camera module implementing an OIS method according to the third method disclosed herein; [Figure 8C] 10 shows a schematic perspective view of the optical elements of a curved camera module implementing an OIS method according to the third method disclosed herein; [Figure 8D] 10 shows a schematic side view of the optical elements of a curved camera module implementing an OIS method according to the third method disclosed herein; [Figure 9A] 10 shows a schematic perspective view of the optical elements of a curved camera module implementing an OIS method according to the fourth method disclosed herein; [Figure 9B] 10 shows a schematic side view of the optical elements of a curved camera module implementing an OIS method according to the fourth method disclosed herein; [Figure 9C] 10 shows a schematic perspective view of the optical elements of a curved camera module implementing an OIS method according to the fourth method disclosed herein; [Figure 9D] 10 shows a schematic side view of the optical elements of a curved camera module implementing an OIS method according to the fourth method disclosed herein; [Figure 10A]10 shows a schematic perspective view of the optical elements of a curved camera module implementing an OIS method according to the fifth method disclosed in this specification. [Figure 10B] 10 shows a schematic side view of the optical elements of a curved camera module implementing an OIS method according to the fifth method disclosed in this specification. [Figure 10C] 10 shows a schematic perspective view of the optical elements of a curved camera module implementing an OIS method according to the fifth method disclosed in this specification. [Figure 10D] 10 shows a schematic side view of the optical elements of a curved camera module implementing an OIS method according to the fifth method disclosed in this specification. [Figure 11A] 10 shows a schematic perspective view of the optical elements of a curved camera module implementing an OIS method according to the sixth method disclosed in this specification. [Figure 11B] 10 shows a schematic side view of the optical elements of a curved camera module implementing an OIS method according to the sixth method disclosed in this specification. [Figure 11C] 10 shows a schematic perspective view of the optical elements of a curved camera module implementing an OIS method according to the sixth method disclosed in this specification. [Figure 11D] 10 shows a schematic side view of the optical elements of a curved camera module implementing an OIS method according to the sixth method disclosed in this specification. [Figure 12A] 10 shows a schematic perspective view of the optical elements of a curved camera module implementing an OIS method according to the seventh method disclosed in this specification. [Figure 12B] 10 shows a schematic side view of the optical elements of a curved camera module implementing an OIS method according to the seventh method disclosed in this specification. [Figure 12C] 10 shows a schematic perspective view of the optical elements of a curved camera module implementing an OIS method according to the seventh method disclosed in this specification. [Figure 12D] 10 shows a schematic side view of the optical elements of a curved camera module implementing an OIS method according to the seventh method disclosed in this specification. [Figure 13A]10 shows a schematic perspective view of the optical elements of a curved camera module implementing an OIS method according to the eighth method disclosed in this specification. [Figure 13B] 10 shows a schematic side view of the optical elements of a curved camera module implementing an OIS method according to the eighth method disclosed in this specification. [Figure 13C] 10 shows a schematic perspective view of the optical elements of a curved camera module implementing an OIS method according to the eighth method disclosed in this specification. [Figure 13D] 10 shows a schematic side view of the optical elements of a curved camera module implementing an OIS method according to the eighth method disclosed in this specification. [Figure 14A] 10 shows a schematic perspective view of the optical elements of a curved camera module implementing an OIS method according to the ninth method disclosed in this specification. [Figure 14B] 10 shows a schematic side view of the optical elements of a curved camera module implementing an OIS method according to the ninth method disclosed in this specification. [Figure 14C] 10 shows a schematic perspective view of the optical elements of a curved camera module implementing an OIS method according to the ninth method disclosed in this specification. [Figure 14D] 10 shows a schematic side view of the optical elements of a curved camera module implementing an OIS method according to the ninth method disclosed in this specification. [Figure 15A] 10 shows a schematic perspective view of the optical elements of a curved camera module implementing an OIS method according to the tenth method disclosed in this specification. [Figure 15B] 12 shows a schematic side view of the optical elements of a curved camera module implementing an OIS method according to the tenth method disclosed in this specification. [Figure 15C] 10 shows a schematic perspective view of the optical elements of a curved camera module implementing an OIS method according to the tenth method disclosed in this specification. [Figure 15D] 12 shows a schematic side view of the optical elements of a curved camera module implementing an OIS method according to the tenth method disclosed in this specification. [Figure 16A]10 shows a schematic diagram of an OIS subsystem configured to implement the ninth OIS method disclosed herein in the zero state. [Figure 16B] 10 shows a schematic diagram of an OIS subsystem configured to implement the ninth OIS method disclosed herein in a non-zero state. [Figure 16C] 10 shows a schematic diagram of an OIS subsystem configured to implement the tenth OIS method disclosed herein in a non-zero state. [Figure 17A] 1 shows a schematic representation of a known prism for a bent telecamera; [Figure 17B] 1 shows a schematic diagram of a prism of the bent telecamera disclosed herein; [Figure 18A] 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating an embodiment of an optical lens system disclosed herein when focused at infinity. [Figure 18B] An embodiment of the optical lens system disclosed herein is shown schematically when focused at 50.5 cm. [Figure 18C] 1 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of an optical lens system disclosed herein when focused at infinity. [Figure 19A] 1 is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of another optical lens system disclosed herein when focused at infinity. [Figure 19B] Another embodiment of the optical lens system disclosed herein is shown schematically when focused at 20.5 cm. [Figure 19C] 19B shows the optical lens system of FIG. 19A when performing OIS in a second OIS direction. [Figure 19D] 19B shows a lens system similar to that shown in FIG. 19A, including a cut lens. [Figure 20A] 1 is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of another optical lens system disclosed herein when focused at infinity. [Figure 20B] Another embodiment of the optical lens system disclosed herein is shown schematically when focused at 20 cm. [Figure 20C]20B shows the optical lens system of FIG. 20A when performing OIS in a second OIS direction. [Figure 20D] 20B shows a lens system similar to that shown in FIG. 20A, including a cut lens. [Figure 21A] 1 is a schematic diagram of yet another embodiment of an optical lens system disclosed herein when focused at infinity. [Figure 21B] Yet another embodiment of the optical lens system disclosed herein is shown schematically when focused at 20 cm. [Figure 21C] 21B shows the optical lens system of FIG. 21A when performing OIS in a second OIS direction. [Figure 22A] 1 is a schematic diagram of yet another embodiment of an optical lens system disclosed herein when focused at infinity. [Figures 22A-22B] 1 shows a schematic diagram of yet another embodiment of an optical lens system disclosed herein when focused at 40 cm. [Figure 22C] 22B shows the optical lens system of FIG. 22A when performing OIS in a second OIS direction. [Figures 23A-23B] 1 is a schematic diagram of yet another embodiment of an optical lens system disclosed herein when focused at infinity. [Figures 23A-23B] Yet another embodiment of the optical lens system disclosed herein is shown schematically when focused at 20 cm. [Figure 23C] 23B illustrates the optical lens system of FIG. 23A when performing OIS in a first OIS direction. [Figure 24A] 1A-1C illustrate different perspective views of a camera module for implementing the OIS disclosed herein. [Figure 24B] 1 shows a side view of a camera module for implementing the OIS disclosed herein. [Figure 24C] 1A-1C illustrate different perspective views of a camera module for implementing the OIS disclosed herein. [Figure 24D]1A-1C illustrate different perspective views of a camera module for implementing the OIS disclosed herein. [Figure 24E] 1A-1C illustrate different perspective views of a camera module for implementing the OIS disclosed herein. [Figure 24F] 1A-1C illustrate different perspective views of a camera module for implementing the OIS disclosed herein. [Figure 24G] 24D shows the components of the camera module of FIG. 24C in a bottom view. [Figure 24H] 24D shows different exploded views of the camera module of FIG. 24C. [Figure 24I] 24D shows different exploded views of the camera module of FIG. 24C. [Figure 24J] 24B shows other components of the camera module of FIG. 24A in different perspective views. [Figure 24K] 24B shows other components of the camera module of FIG. 24A in different perspective views. [Figure 25A] 1 illustrates an exploded view of components of another camera module as disclosed herein for implementing the OIS as disclosed herein. [Figure 25B] 25B shows parts of another camera module of FIG. 25A in perspective view. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0060] In the following detailed description, numerous specific details are set forth to provide a thorough understanding. However, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the subject matter of the present disclosure can be practiced without these specific details. In other respects, well-known methods and features have not been described in detail so as not to obscure the subject matter of the present disclosure.

[0061] 2A shows a schematic representation of one embodiment of a curved telecamera as disclosed herein and numbered 200. Camera 200 is similar to camera 100 in the sense that all components and dimensions of camera 100 may also be present in camera 200. However, contrary to known curved camera 100, camera 200 is capable of performing OIS and focusing as disclosed herein. OIS and focusing are performed in a relatively simple manner in terms of operation, in particular without significantly increasing MHM and MHS.

[0062] For focusing or autofocusing ("AF"), 102-G2 is moved parallel to the second optical path (i.e., along the illustrated z-axis), as indicated by arrow 206. Note that the movement of 102-G2 is relative to all other components of camera 200, such as OPFE 104, image sensor 106, and 102-G1. As is visible and useful, movement along the first optical path may not be required for focusing. As previously mentioned, this is an advantage.

[0063] 2B shows a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a folded telecamera disclosed herein, designated 220. Camera 220 is identical to camera 200 in the sense that all components and dimensions of camera 200 may also be present in camera 220. However, camera 220 includes lens 201, which differs from lens 102. Lens 201 includes a plurality of N lens elements, designated L1 through L8 (where N=8), divided into three lens groups: a first lens group 201-G1 ("G1") includes L1 through L3 and has a thickness T G1and is disposed on the object side of the OPFE and has a lens optical axis parallel to the first optical path; a second lens group 201-G2 ("G2") includes L5-L6, is disposed on the image side of the OPFE, and has a lens optical axis parallel to the second optical path; and a third lens group 201-G3 ("G3") includes L7-L8, is disposed on the image side of the OPFE, and has a lens optical axis parallel to the second optical path. The lens elements included in G1, G2, and G3 do not move relative to each other, but move together with other components included in camera 220. Camera 220 can be focused in a relatively simple manner in terms of operation, particularly without significantly increasing MHM and MHS.

[0064] To focus camera 220, 201-G2 and 201-G3 may be moved axially along second optical path 110 relative to each other and relative to all other components of camera 220, this axial movement being indicated by arrow 228. Hereinafter, this focusing movement of 201-G2 and 201-G3 may be referred to as the independent movement of each of 201-G2 and 201-G3, i.e., "201-G2 and 201-G3 being moved independently for focusing."

[0065] In some embodiments, camera 220 may be able to continuously change its EFL, i.e., continuously change its zoom factor. To change the EFL of camera 220, 201-G2 and 201-G3 may be moved axially relative to each other along second optical path 110, this axial movement being indicated by arrow 226. Hereinafter, this zoom movement of 201-G2 and 201-G3 may be referred to as "201-G2 and 201-G3 being moved independently."

[0066] 3 shows a flowchart illustrating broad aspects of an OIS method 2400 implemented in a curved camera module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The curved camera module may include one or more optical elements (also referred to as an "OIS cluster") that are spatially adjustable to perform OIS in at least one of two OIS directions.

[0067] In step 2410, method 2400 may include obtaining data indicative of a movement (e.g., rotational movement) of the curved camera module. For example, step 2410 may include measuring a movement of an element of the camera module. Measuring the movement of the camera module (or of an element of the camera module) step 2410 may include measuring the acceleration (linear and / or angular) of the camera module, may include measuring the velocity (linear and / or angular) of the camera module, and / or may include measuring the position of the camera module. The position, velocity, or acceleration may be relative to a fiducial reference point, for example, a position considered to be the "zero position" or a position considered to be the initial position and / or orientation of the camera module. In some embodiments, measurements may be replaced by calculations; for example, a measured acceleration may be integrated to calculate a corresponding velocity, or integrated twice to calculate a corresponding position.

[0068] Method 2400 may further include step 2420 of calculating an OIS target. The OIS target may include a spatial adjustment to be applied to the OIS group to compensate for an optical shift of light incident on the curved camera module due to the movement. Step 2420 of calculating an OIS target may include calculating a desired displacement of any element of the camera module (particularly an optical element of the OIS group). In some embodiments, calculating the OIS target may additionally or alternatively include calculating a desired velocity (linear and / or angular) of any element of the camera module, or may include calculating a desired acceleration (linear and / or angular) of any element of the camera module. The desired displacement, velocity, or acceleration may be relative to the image sensor of the camera module, or may be relative to a fiducial reference point, such as a position considered to be the "zero position" or a position considered to be the initial position of the camera module.

[0069] Method 2400 may further include step 2430 of spatially adjusting (i.e., displacing / moving) elements of the OIS group of the camera module. The elements of the camera module may be displaced to meet the OIS target, thereby stabilizing the image on the image sensor. The elements of the camera module may be displaced linearly and / or rotationally. For example, the center of mass of one element may be linearly displaced (i.e., translated) and the same element may also be rotated about an axis intersecting its center of mass. Note that the rotational movement may be a composite combination of several rotations and is not limited to rotation about an axis intersecting the center of mass or surface of the element.

[0070] In some embodiments involving rotational adjustment of one or more optical elements of the OIS group, method 2400 may include the further step 2440 of selecting one or more displacement axes. The curved camera module may be configured such that the one or more optical elements are movable in one or more degrees of freedom (e.g., a rotational degree of freedom required to perform OIS and one or more axial degrees of freedom to allow for varying the rotation axis). For example, one or more optical elements of the OIS group may be mounted on an axially movable platform and may be rotatable relative to the platform about a rotation axis. For example, the platform may be actuable in the one or more axes using a voice coil motor including ball bearings and / or flexures. Method 2400 may include selecting a desired rotation axis for one or more elements of the OIS group based on performance criteria such as adjustment time and / or accuracy. A further displacement step may include axially moving the one or more elements of the OIS group so that the rotation axis of the OIS group coincides with the desired rotation axis.

[0071] In another embodiment, one or more optical elements may be mechanically coupled to two actuators, which may be mechanically coupled to a sliding pivot point (e.g., a bearing ball positioned in a groove). Each actuator may be configured to apply a corresponding force to one or more optical elements, and the forces may be applied in opposite directions to corresponding points on the one or more optical elements. The exact axis may depend on the relationship between the magnitudes of the forces. For example, the magnitudes of the forces may be equal, and the axis of rotation may be located at a midpoint between the corresponding points. The magnitudes of the forces may be unequal, and the axis of rotation may be located at a point that is a weighted average of the magnitudes of the forces between the corresponding points. This principle can be extended to embodiments in which one or more optical elements are mechanically coupled to three or more actuators.

[0072] In some embodiments, method 2400 can be performed repeatedly (represented by dashed arrows). Repeating the steps of the method may be necessary to accommodate changing movements of the camera module, for example, if the direction in which the camera module is moved / tilted changes over time. Step 2420 of calculating OIS targets may be repeated before step 2430 of displacing elements of the camera module is completed, depending on the time required for each step. In some embodiments, step 2410 of measuring movements of elements of the camera module, step 2430 of displacing elements of the camera module, and step 2420 of calculating OIS targets may be performed in parallel as a continuous process.

[0073] In some embodiments, some elements of the camera module may remain stationary during spatially adjusting elements step 2430. For example, elements that are not involved in performing OIS may remain stationary.

[0074] FIG. 4 shows a flowchart illustrating broad aspects of a control system 2500 configured to implement an OIS method in a camera module, i.e., configured to implement the OIS method(s) illustrated in FIG. 3, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0075] The control system 2500 may include motion sensors, examples of which include, but are not limited to, a gyroscope 2510, a position sensor 2520 (e.g., a Hall Effect sensor), and an accelerometer 2530 (e.g., a piezoelectric crystal-based accelerometer). In some embodiments, the motion sensors may be included in an inertial measurement unit (IMU).

[0076] Signals from the motion sensors may be received by the controller 2540. The controller 2540 may calculate the target movement, i.e., the desired displacement, velocity, and / or acceleration, of one or more elements of the camera module.

[0077] The controller 2540 may provide instructions to at least one actuator 2560. The at least one actuator 2560 may be mechanically coupled to at least one corresponding element of the camera module and may be configured to receive instructions from the controller 2540 to cause displacement of the at least one corresponding element, thereby achieving a target movement. Examples of actuators may include voice coil motors (VCMs) and shape memory effect wires. In some embodiments, multiple actuators may correspond to a single element of the camera module. In some embodiments, one actuator may correspond to multiple elements of the camera module.

[0078] In some embodiments, the sensor may communicate directly with the controller 2540, for example, when the control system 2500 is included as an integral part of the camera module, which has the advantage that the control system 2500 has a fast response time, and can cancel out high amplitude, high frequency movements of the camera module (e.g., in harsh sports environments) to stabilize the image on the image sensor.

[0079] In some embodiments, the sensor may communicate indirectly with the controller 2540. That is, the controller 2450 may receive the signal from the sensor through an interface, such as an operating system or dedicated controller that provides an interface to the motion sensor. For example, in a smartphone, the motion sensor may be controlled by the operating system, which is responsible for providing its signal as a function for multiple applications.

[0080] The OIS methods disclosed herein include OIS methods that may be referred to as "Method 1"..."Method 10," described below.

[0081] In general, the curved camera module may be configured to perform one of the OIS methods "Method 1" through "Method 10." Additionally, the OIS methods disclosed herein provide for movement of optical elements to controllably perform OIS according to a first OIS orientation of the image sensor and / or according to a second OIS orientation of the image sensor. That is, one set of displacements (as described herein above in connection with FIG. 3 ) may correct a (lateral) shift of an image at the image plane (i.e., as received by the image sensor) in one direction (e.g., up and down), and a second set of displacements may correct the shift of the image in a second (transverse) direction (e.g., left and right).

[0082] FIGS. 5A-5B schematically illustrate different elements of the camera module 1100 when OIS is not implemented. In other words, FIGS. 5A-5B schematically illustrate the elements of the camera module 1100 in a "zero state." The camera module 1100 may include a first lens group 1110, a second lens group 1120, and a prism as the OPFE 1130. FIGS. 5A-5B include a first reference line 1140 (indicating OA1) indicating the optical axis of the first lens group 1110, a second reference line 1150 (indicating OA2) indicating the optical axis of the second lens group 1120, and a reference surface 1160. The reference surface 1160 is parallel to the xy plane, passes through (bisects) the center of the first lens group 1110, and is slightly wider than the diameter of the first lens group 1110. The reference lines 1150 and 1160 are in dashed-dotted line format. FIG. 5A is a perspective view and FIG. 5B is a side view.

[0083] 6A to 15D schematically illustrate the displacements of elements of a camera module when performing OIS methods "Method 1" to "Method 10." FIGS. 6A to 15D have the following structure: Each set of views A to D schematically illustrates one OIS method (e.g., FIGS. 6A-6D schematically illustrate one method). Views A and B illustrate the displacements corresponding to the OIS in a first direction. Views C and D illustrate the displacements corresponding to the OIS in a second direction. Views A and C are perspective views of elements of the camera module, and views B and D are side views of elements of the camera module.

[0084] FIGS. 6A to 15D include reference lines and reference planes similar to those shown in FIGS. 5A to 5B. These reference lines / planes are for illustrative purposes and make it easier to recognize the displacement of elements in the camera module. The reference lines / planes are positioned according to the zero state of the camera module. That is, in all of FIGS. 6A to 15D, the reference lines can indicate the optical axes of the lens groups in the zero state. The reference planes are parallel to the xy plane and pass through the centers of the first lens groups in the zero state. In other words, the reference lines and reference planes in FIGS. 6A to 15D are positioned as if the camera module did not implement an OIS system.

[0085] 6A-6D schematically illustrate the displacement of different elements of a camera module 1200 implementing OIS method 1. The camera module 1200 may include a first lens group 1210, a second lens group 1220, and a prism as an OPFE 1230. The displacement may be visualized by a first reference line 1240, a second reference line 1250, and a reference surface 1260.

[0086] To perform OIS according to a first method ("OIS method 1") disclosed herein in a first OIS direction ("OIS1"), the first lens group 1210 may be moved linearly parallel to OA2 (i.e., along the z-axis). To perform OIS according to the first method in a second OIS direction ("OIS2"), the first lens group 1210 may be moved linearly perpendicular to both OA1 and OA2 (i.e., along the x-axis). The first OIS method may be referred to as "lens-shift OIS." Note that the movement of the first lens group 1210 may be relative to all other components of the camera 1200, such as the OPFE 1230, the image sensor (not shown), and particularly the second lens group 1220. Visibly, and beneficially, movement along OA1 may not be required to perform OIS according to the first method as disclosed herein. This may provide an advantage, as movement along OA1 increases MHM.

[0087] 7A-7D schematically illustrate the displacement of different elements of a camera module 1300 implementing OIS method 2. The camera module 1300 may include a first lens group 1310, a second lens group 1320, and a prism as an OPFE 1330. The displacement may be visualized by a first reference line 1340, a second reference line 1350, and a reference surface 1360.

[0088] To perform OIS according to the second method disclosed herein in the OIS1 direction, first lens group 1310 may be linearly moved parallel to OA2 (i.e., along the illustrated z-axis). To perform OIS according to the second method in the OIS2 direction, first lens group 1310 and OPFE 1330 may be rotated together about an axis parallel to OA2.

[0089] 8A-8D schematically illustrate the displacement of different elements of a camera module 1400 implementing OIS method 3. Camera module 1400 may include a first lens group 1410, a second lens group 1420, and a prism as an OPFE 1430. The displacement may be visualized by a first reference line 1440, a second reference line 1450 (not shown in FIG. 8A), and a reference plane 1460.

[0090] To perform OIS according to the third method disclosed herein in the OIS1 direction, first lens group 1410 and OPFE 1430 may be rotated together about an axis perpendicular to both OA1 and OA2. This movement is a rotational movement. To perform OIS according to the third method in the OIS2 direction, first lens group 1410 and OPFE 1430 may be rotated together about an axis parallel to OA1.

[0091] 9A-9D schematically illustrate the displacement of different elements of a camera module 1500 implementing OIS method 4. Camera module 1500 may include a first lens group 1510, a second lens group 1520, and a prism as an OPFE 1530. The displacement may be visualized by a first reference line 1540, a second reference line 1550 (not shown in FIG. 9A), and a reference plane 1560.

[0092] To perform OIS method 4 in the OIS1 direction, first lens group 1510 and OPFE 1530 may be rotated together about an axis perpendicular to both OA1 and OA2. For OIS method 4 in the OIS2 direction, first lens group 1510 and OPFE 1530 may be rotated together about an axis parallel to OA2. OIS method 4 can be seen as a combination of OIS method 3 for OIS1 and OIS method 2 for OIS2.

[0093] 10A-10D schematically illustrate the displacement of different elements of a camera module 1600 implementing OIS method 5. Camera module 1600 may include a first lens group 1610, a second lens group 1620, and a prism as an OPFE 1630. The displacement may be visualized by a first reference line 1640, a second reference line 1650, and a reference plane 1660. To perform OIS method 5 in direction OIS1, first lens group 1610 may be moved linearly along an axis parallel to OA2. For OIS method 5 in direction OIS2, first lens group 1610 and OPFE 1630 may be moved linearly together along an axis perpendicular to both OA1 and OA2.

[0094] 2A-2B, in yet another OIS method, which may be referred to as "prism OIS," only OPFE 104 may be moved relative to camera 200 or all other components within camera 220, such as 201-G1, image sensor 106, and 201-G2 (and for camera 220, also relative to 201-G3). To perform prism OIS, only a relatively small movement of OPFE 104 along the first optical path may be required, which may be beneficial for thin MHMs. OIS method 6 and OIS method 10 are methods for prism OIS.

[0095] 11A-11D schematically illustrate the displacement of different elements of a camera module 1900 implementing OIS method 6. Camera module 1900 may include a first lens group 1910, a second lens group 1920, and a prism as an OPFE 1930. The displacement may be visualized by a first reference line 1940, a second reference line 1950 (not shown in FIG. 13A), and a reference plane 1960.

[0096] For OIS method 6 in OIS1, OPFE 1930 can be rotated along an axis perpendicular to both OA1 and OA2. For OIS method 6 in OIS2, OPFE 1930 can be rotated along an axis parallel to OA2.

[0097] 12A-12D schematically illustrate the displacement of different elements of a camera module 2000 implementing OIS method 7. The camera module 2000 may include a first lens group 2010, a second lens group 2020, and a prism as an OPFE 2030. The displacement may be visualized by a first reference line 2040, a second reference line 2050 (not shown in FIG. 14A), and a reference surface 2060.

[0098] To perform OIS method 7 in the OIS1 direction, each of the first lens group 2010 and the OPFE 2030 may be rotated around an axis perpendicular to both OA1 and OA2. The rotation axis of the first lens group 2010 and the rotation axis of the OPFE 2030 may be separate. In other words, the first lens group 2010 may be rotated around a first axis, and the OPFE 2030 may be rotated around a second axis, which may be different from the second axis. The first lens group 2010 and the OPFE 2030 may be rotated simultaneously, in other words, jointly. The first lens group 2010 and the OPFE 2030 may be rotated by different angles. In some embodiments, the rotation angle of the first lens group 2010 may be twice the rotation angle of the OPFE 2030.

[0099] For OIS method 7 in the OIS2 direction, the first lens group 2010 and the OPFE 2030 may be rotated together about a third axis parallel to OA2. In some embodiments, the method may include selecting the exact axis of rotation for the first axis and / or the second axis.

[0100] 13A-13D schematically illustrate the displacement of different elements of a camera module 2100 implementing OIS method 8. The camera module 2100 may include a first lens group 2110, a second lens group 2120, and a prism as an OPFE 2130. The displacement may be visualized by a first reference line 2140, a second reference line 2150 (not visible in FIG. 15A), and a reference surface 2160.

[0101] To perform OIS method 8 in the OIS1 direction, the first lens group 2110 and the OPFE 2130 may be rotated together by a first angle about a first axis perpendicular to both OA1 and OA2. The first lens group 2110 may also be independently rotated by a second angle about a second axis perpendicular to both OA1 and OA2. The second axis may be separate from the first axis. The rotation about the first axis and the rotation about the second axis may occur simultaneously, in other words, jointly. In some embodiments, the first angle may be twice the second angle. The movement of the first lens group 2110 in the OIS1 direction can be explained by analogy with a planet orbiting a star and simultaneously rotating on its own axis.

[0102] For OIS method 8 in direction OIS2, first lens group 2110 and OPFE 2130 may be rotated together about a third axis parallel to OA2. In some embodiments, the method may include selecting the exact axis of rotation of the first axis and / or the second axis.

[0103] Note the difference between OIS method 7 and OIS method 8. In both methods, to perform OIS in a first OIS direction, the first lens group and the OPFE may be rotated along two axes, but they may be rotated in different ways. In OIS method 10, the first lens group and the OPFE may be rotated together about the first axis, but in OIS method 9, they may not be rotated together. In other words, in OIS method 9, the second axis may be stationary, but in OIS method 10, the second axis may move.

[0104] 14A-14D schematically illustrate the displacement of different elements of a camera module 1700 implementing OIS method 9. Camera module 1700 may include a first lens group 1710, a second lens group 1720, and a prism as an OPFE 1730. The displacement may be visualized by a first reference line 1740, a second reference line 1750 (not shown in FIG. 11A), and a reference plane 1760. To perform OIS method 9 in direction OIS1, first lens group 1710, OPFE 1730, and second lens group 1720 may be moved linearly together along an axis parallel to OA1. To perform OIS method 9 in direction OIS2, first lens group 1710, OPFE 1730, and second lens group 1720 may be moved linearly together along an axis perpendicular to both OA1 and OA2.

[0105] 15A-15D schematically illustrate the displacement of different elements of a camera module 1800 implementing OIS method 10. Camera module 1800 may include a first lens group 1810, a second lens group 1820, and a prism as an OPFE 1830. The displacement may be visualized by a first reference line 1840, a second reference line 1850 (not shown in FIG. 12A), and a reference plane 1860.

[0106] For OIS method 10 in OIS1, OPFE 1830 may be rotated along an axis perpendicular to both OA1 and OA2. For OIS method 10 in OIS2, OPFE 1830 may be rotated along an axis parallel to OA1.

[0107] Table 1 summarizes methods "Method 1" through "Method 10." The symbols " / / OA1" and " / / OA2" may indicate movement parallel to OA1 and movement parallel to OA2, respectively. The symbol "⊥OA1,OA2" may indicate movement perpendicular to both OA1 and OA2. In the table, the first lens group may be represented by "G1," and the second lens group may be represented by "G2."

[0108] (Table 1) [Table 1] (End of Table 1)

[0109] 16A-16C further illustrate the displacement of different elements of the camera module when implementing OIS methods 9 and 10. In FIG. 16A-16B schematically illustrate an exemplary optical lens sub-system 250 configured to perform OIS according to a ninth OIS method ("OIS Method 9"). FIGS. 16A-16B illustrate only components that may be moved to perform OIS, and do not illustrate components that may not need to be moved to perform OIS, such as the second lens group (G2) or the image sensor. Optical lens sub-system 250 includes a first lens group G1 and an OPFE 252. The first lens group G1 has an optical axis 258.

[0110] FIG. 16A shows the first lens group G1 and the OPFE 252 at the zero position. The rotation axis 254 of the first lens group G1 and the rotation axis 256 of the OPFE 252 are shown. The rotation axis 254 may be parallel to the rotation axis 256 or may be parallel to the X-axis. Furthermore, the rotation axis 254 and the rotation axis 256 may be located at the same y-coordinate. In other words, the linear connection 260 between the rotation axis 254 and the rotation axis 256, i.e., the connecting line, may be parallel to the y-axis. The first lens group G1 has an optical axis 258. At the zero position, the optical axis 258 may be oriented parallel to the y-axis. The optical axis 258 may be perpendicular to the object-side surface of the OPFE 252 or may be parallel to the image-side surface of the OPFE 252.

[0111] FIG. 16B shows the first lens group G1 and OPFE 252 in a non-zero position. To perform OIS in a first OIS direction (OIS1), the first lens group G1 may be rotated around the rotation axis 254 by a first angle. The OPFE 252 may be rotated around the rotation axis 256 by a second angle. In general, the first angle may be different from the second angle. Both the rotation axis 254 and the rotation axis 256 may be stationary, i.e., may not move when performing OIS according to OIS method 9. That is, the rotation axis 254 and the rotation axis 256 may remain positioned at the same y-coordinate when performing OIS. In the non-zero position, the optical axis 258 may not be oriented parallel to the y-axis. Furthermore, the optical axis 258 may not be perpendicular to the object-side surface of the OPFE 252 or parallel to the image-side surface of the OPFE 252. FIG. 16C shows another exemplary optical lens subsystem 270 for performing OIS in accordance with OIS method 10. At the zero position, optical lens subsystem 270 may be identical to optical lens subsystem 250 shown in FIG. 16A. To perform OIS in OIS 1, first lens group G1 and OPFE 252 may be rotated together as a unit by a first angle about rotation axis 256. Then, only first lens group G1 may be further rotated by a second angle about rotation axis 254. The first and second angles may or may not be the same. Rotation axis 256 may be stationary, and rotation axis 254 may not be stationary; i.e., rotation axis 254 may move when performing OIS method 10. A linear connection 272 between rotation axis 254 and rotation axis 256 may not be parallel to the y-axis. In the non-zero position, the optical axis 258 may not be oriented parallel to the y-axis, may not be oriented perpendicular to the object-side surface of the OPFE 252, and may not be oriented parallel to the image-side surface of the OPFE 252.

[0112] It should be noted that OIS Method 9 and OIS Method 10 may be beneficial in terms of optical performance. Optical performance may be given, for example, by a modulation transfer function ("MTF"). That is, optical performance in a non-zero state (i.e., when OIS is running) may degrade by a relatively small amount compared to a zero state (i.e., when OIS is not running). Of all the OIS methods disclosed herein, OIS Method 9 and OIS Method 10 may be most similar to "gimbal" OIS, which is known in the art. In gimbal OIS, the entire camera is tilted for OIS. For any camera tilt, the chief ray angle of the zero (or on-axis) field passes through the center of each lens element included in the camera.

[0113] 17A-17B show a prism that can be used in a camera module according to the present disclosure.

[0114] FIG. 17A shows a known prism 230. For example, the prism 404 shown in FIGS. 19A to 19D represents the known prism 230. The prism 230 has a top surface 232 facing the object side, a first side surface 234 facing the image side, and a second side surface 236, the second side surface 236 being reflective. As shown, the prism 230 has a prism height ("H"). P " ) and prism length (" L P 2 ) . The angle formed between the top surface 232 and the first side surface 234 is 90 degrees. The angle formed between the top surface 232 and the second side surface 236 is 45 degrees. The angle formed between the first side surface 234 and the second side surface 236 is also 45 degrees. An on-axis ray 238 is incident on the top surface 232 of the prism 230 at a 90-degree angle. An on-axis ray 238 that is parallel to the first optical path (such as the first optical path 108 in FIG. 2 ) and parallel to the y-axis is incident on the second side surface 236 of the prism 230 at a 45-degree angle. The on-axis ray 238 is folded back onto the second optical path (such as the second optical path 110 in FIG. 2 ), i.e., the on-axis ray 238 is reflected to be parallel to the z-axis and is incident on the first side surface 234 at a 90-degree angle.

[0115] FIG. 17B illustrates a prism 240 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. For example, prism 304 (shown in FIGS. 18A-18C) represents a prism such as prism 230. Prism 240 may be used in place of (i.e., replace) prism 230 in a lens system, such as prism 404 in lens system 400 or prism 504 in lens system 500. Prism 240 may have a top surface 242 facing the object side. Prism 240 may have a first side surface 244 facing the image side. Prism 240 may have a second side surface 246, which may be reflective. Prism 240 may have a prism height ("H"). P "), and the prism length ("L P "). Angle α may be formed between the top surface 242 and the first side surface 244, or may be greater than 90 degrees. In other words, the OPFE of the bent camera may be implemented by an obtuse triangular prism. An angle γ may be formed between the top surface 242 and the second side surface 246, or may be less than 45 degrees. An angle β may be formed between the first side surface 244 and the second side surface 246, or may be greater than 45 degrees. An on-axis ray 248 parallel to the y-axis may be incident on the top surface 242 of the prism 240 at an angle δ greater than 45 degrees. The on-axis ray 248 may be incident on the second side surface 246 of the prism 240 at an angle δ greater than 45 degrees and be folded onto a second optical path (e.g., OP2) such that the on-axis ray 248 can be incident on the first side surface 244 of the prism 240 at an angle 90 degrees. The on-axis ray 248 may be reflected so as to form a finite (i.e., non-zero) angle ε with the z-axis. The on-axis ray 248 may be incident on the first side surface 248 at a 90 degree angle.

[0116] The use of a prism such as prism 240 in a lens system as disclosed herein allows for a relatively large DA (i.e., a relatively low f / #) and still relatively low shoulder height H S For a relatively large DA, a relatively large lens element (e.g., a large W, as illustrated in FIGS. 2A-2B) in the first lens group (e.g., 102-G1) may be used.L Larger lens elements in the first lens group may require larger prism top surfaces (i.e., lens elements with large L), such as top surface 232. P ) may be required.

[0117] The use of a prism such as prism 240 in a lens system as disclosed herein can be beneficial because it can allow for bending angles less than 90°, i.e., the angle between OA2 and the continuation of the on-axis ray in the direction it would propagate if not bent can be less than 90°.

[0118] In the known prism 230, L P Increasing H P also increases by the same amount. To ensure that on-axis rays (such as on-axis ray 238) are incident on the center of an image sensor, such as image sensor 106, with respect to its height (i.e., with respect to the y-axis in FIGS. 2A-2B), the image sensor may be required to be shifted toward the bottom of the camera module. This shift of the image sensor results in H S The prism 240 can ensure that the on-axis rays are incident on the center of the image sensor with respect to the height of the image sensor without having to shift the image sensor towards the bottom of the camera module. This can be achieved by using a low shoulder height H S It can be beneficial to achieve low f / # with

[0119] Table 2 shows the range of values ​​(in degrees) for angles α to ε defined herein and shown in FIG. 17B.

[0120] (Table 2) [Table 2]

[0121] It should be noted that achieving an optical lens design that can support OIS and focusing via the first, second, third, and fourth methods described above may be technically challenging because the optical lens design may need to support relatively large tolerances for movement between lens groups. Examples of such lens designs are shown in Figures 18A-18C for system 300, 19A-19D for system 400, 20A-20D for system 500, 21A-21C for system 600, 22A-22C for system 700, and 23A-23C for system 800. Table 3 summarizes the values ​​and ratios of various features included in lens systems 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, and 800.

[0122] (Table 3) [Table 3] (End of Table 3)

[0123] DA L1 , T G1 , HS, SD, R1, R2, TTL1, TTL2, BFL, TTL, EFL, EFL G1 , EFL G2 , MHM, MHS, MHS-CUT, MLM, MH, SH, ML, B MIN The values ​​for are in mm, and for HFOV, the values ​​are in degrees. f / # and cut ratio are unitless. Table 3 B MIN The calculations assume a device thickness of T = 8 mm.

[0124] The following symbols are used in Table 3: -N refers to the number of lens elements in the lens. -N G1 and N G2 refers to the number of lens elements in G1 and G2, respectively. -DA L1 refers to the aperture diameter of L1 (measured along the z-axis). DA L1 is the same as the width of L1, i.e., W L1 =DA L1L1 may be rotationally symmetric, such that -T G1 indicates the thickness of G1. -EFL G1 and EFL G2 refers to EFL in G1 and G2, respectively. -MHS-CUT refers to the height of the optical lens system including the cut lens (shown in Figures 18C, 19D, and 20D). - "Cut Rate" = MHS-CUT / MHS, expressed as a percentage. Cut rate refers to the percentage of height savings when cutting G2. -BFL indicates the on-axis distance. BFL MIN refers to the minimum distance from any part of the last lens element to the image sensor. -DA denotes the aperture diameter. In all exemplary embodiments disclosed herein, DA = DA L1 is.

[0125] FIG. 18A schematically illustrates one embodiment of an optical lens system disclosed herein, designated 300. In FIG. 18A, lens system 300 is shown focused at infinity. Lens system 300 may include lens 302, prism 304, optical element 308, and image sensor 306. System 300 is illustrated with ray tracing. Optical element 308 is optional and may be, for example, an infrared (IR) filter and / or a glass image sensor dust cover. Lens 302 may be split into two lens groups: 302-G1, which may include L1 through L3 (“G1”), and 302-G2, which may include L4 through L7 (“G2”). Light rays passing through 302-G1 may be reflected by prism 304, pass through 302-G2, and form an image on image sensor 306. FIG. 18A illustrates six fields (image points), each with seven light rays.

[0126] Lens 302 may include a plurality of lens elements, N=7. Three lens elements 302-G1 may be axisymmetric along a first optical (lens) axis (first optical path) 310. Four lens elements 302-G2 may be axisymmetric along a second optical (lens) axis (second optical path) 312.

[0127] Detailed optical and surface data are shown in Tables 4-5 for the example lens element of FIG. 18A. The values ​​provided in these examples are purely illustrative, and other values ​​may be used according to other examples. The light entrance surface of prism 304 may be tilted by approximately 0.3 degrees relative to second optical path 312. The light exit surface of prism 304 may be tilted by approximately 0.6 degrees relative to first optical path 310. Referring to the angles defined in connection with FIG. 17B, the angles may have values ​​of γ=44.7° and α=45.6°.

[0128] (Table 4) [Table 4] (Table 5) [Table 5]

[0129] As shown for optical lens system 300 in FIG. 18C , optical lens system 300 may be operable to perform OIS as disclosed herein with reference to Method 1 of Table 1. To perform OIS in a first OIS direction according to Method 1, 302-G1 may be moved parallel to second optical path 312 (i.e., along the z-axis as shown). 302-G1 may be moved by an amount ΔX G1 This may be called a "stroke" or an "OIS stroke." Here, ΔX G1 ≒0.55 mm. In another example, ΔX G1 is ΔX G1 =0.25 mm to 2.5 mm. Furthermore, the image on the image sensor 306 may be shifted by ΔX SensorYou can shift by ΔX Sensor =0.75 ΔX G1 ~1.5 ΔX G1 To perform OIS in the second OIS direction according to Method 1, 302-G1 may be moved perpendicular to both the first optical path 310 and the second optical path 312. In an alternative method, to perform OIS in the second OIS direction, 302-G1 and 302-G2 may be moved together perpendicular to both the first optical path 310 and the second optical path 320.

[0130] The lens groups 302-G1 and 302-G2 may need to support a relatively large tolerance for the "decenter" of either 302-G1 or 302-G2. In other words, the optical lens system 300 may be operable to capture a clear image even when either 302-G1 or 302-G2 is "decentered." "Decenter" may refer to shifting a lens group in a direction perpendicular to the lens optical axis, for example, shifting 302-G1 perpendicular to the first optical path 310 or shifting 302-G2 perpendicular to the first optical path 312. The shifted lens group may be described as "decentered." To support such a relatively large tolerance for "decenter," 302-G1 itself may need to be a relatively good imaging lens, i.e., using only 302-G1 (and for an object at infinity, the distance EFL G1The image quality (e.g., minimum modulation transfer function) of the image captured (by placing the image sensor at 302-G1 and 302-G2) may need to be relatively high. High image quality may also allow for a relatively large tolerance for tilt between 302-G1 and 302-G2. In other words, optical lens system 300 may be operable to capture clear images even when one of 302-G1 or 302-G2 is “tilted” with respect to the other. “Tilt” here may refer to tilting (or rotating) a first lens group, such as 302-G1, about an axis of rotation that may be substantially parallel to second optical path 312, or tilting (rotating) a second lens group, such as 302-G2, about an axis of rotation that may be substantially parallel to first optical path 310. Such shifted lens groups may also be referred to as “tilted.” The relatively large tolerance for decentering and tilt of 302-G1 and 302-G2 may make active alignment (“AA”) redundant, as is known in the art. That is, a relatively large tolerance may be beneficial for assembling an optical lens system including two lens groups, such as the optical lens system disclosed herein, without requiring optical feedback. In other words, a camera including the optical lens system disclosed herein may not require AA when assembling the camera from components such as 302-G1, OPFE, 302-G2, and an image sensor. Note that not requiring AA may be beneficial in terms of manufacturing (or production) complexity and cost. This may result in a trade-off when designing a first lens group, such as 302-G1. As is known, incorporating a relatively large number of lens elements is beneficial for achieving a good imaging lens. However, incorporating a relatively large number of lens elements in the first lens group increases MHM, which is disadvantageous from an industrial design perspective. In the optical lens systems 300, 400, and 500 disclosed herein, this trade-off may be resolved by including three lens elements in each of the first lens groups 302-G1, 402-G1, and 502-G1, respectively. In another example, the first lens group may include 2 to 5 lens elements.

[0131] Generally, especially for objects at infinity, a first lens group such as 302-G1 should be positioned at approximately EFL from 302-G1. G1 and forming a high quality image at a distance of EFL G2 This may mean that to support OIS according to at least the first method, the following conditions are beneficial: 1.|EFL G1 |<|EFL G2 |, or 2·|EFL G1 |<|EFL G2 |, or depending on the case, 3·|EFL G1 | < |EFL G2 |, i.e. EFL G1 The size of EFL G2 smaller than the size of (or EFL G2 (less than half or one-third the size of 2. EFL G1 <2·EFL, or beneficially EFL G1 <EFL、またはEFL G1 <0.9 EFL, or in some cases EFL G1 <0.8·EFL.

[0132] The combined EFL (EFL) of all lens elements in the 302-G1 G1 The combined EFL ("EFL") of all lens elements of the 302-G2 G2 ") may also be positive. The TTL of the optical lens system 300 may be TTL=27.4 mm, and the height and length of the camera module may be MHM=9.88 mm, MLM=23.97 mm. The dimension ratios may include TTL / EFL=1.17, MLM / EFL=1.02, MLM / TTL=0.87, DA / SH=0.82. The sign sequence of the lens power of each lens element L1 to L7 may be positive-positive-negative-positive-positive-positive-positive. MHS may be defined by the aperture diameter of L7.

[0133] 18B schematically shows lens system 300 focusing at 50.5 cm. To focus optical lens system 300, 302-2 is moved relative to 302-G1, OPFE 304, and image sensor 306. Table 6 shows the movements that may be required to focus at infinity and 50.5 cm, respectively. To focus optical lens system 300, 302-2 may be moved away from image sensor 306 and toward OPFE 304.

[0134] 18C shows a schematic diagram of an optical lens system 350 disclosed herein. Optical lens system 350 may be similar to optical lens system 300, except that 302-G2 may be "cut" as known in the art. 302-G2 may be cut by 20%, i.e., the optical width W of 302-G2 may be Li is the optical height H of the 302-G2 Li The cut may be parallel to the optical path 312 such that 302-G2 does not exceed the height of the prism 304 or image sensor 306 or the y coordinate (measured along the optical path 310) towards the bottom or top of the optical lens system 300. MHS is the height of the image sensor 306, H S It may be defined by:

[0135] In other embodiments, 302-G2 may be cut by 30%, i.e., its optical width W Li is its optical height H Li In other embodiments, 302-G2 may be cut by 10% to 50%. This means that the opening of 302-G2 may vary accordingly, and the opening need not be axisymmetric. Such cuts allow for a smaller H, as may be required for small MHSs. L can be made smaller, and still, DA>H Li A relatively large effective aperture diameter (DA) can be obtained.

[0136] (Table 6) [Table 6]

[0137] FIG. 19A schematically illustrates one embodiment of an optical lens system disclosed herein, designated 400. In FIG. 19A, lens system 400 is shown focused at infinity. Lens system 400 may include lens 402, prism 404, (optional) optical element 408, and image sensor 406. Lens 402 may be divided into two lens groups: 402-G1 (“G1”), which may include L1-L3, and 402-G2 (“G2”), which may include L4-L6. Prism 404 may be oriented at a 45-degree angle relative to the y- and z-axes. Light rays may pass through 402-G1, be reflected by prism 404, pass through 402-G2, and form an image on image sensor 406. FIG. 19A illustrates six fields, each with seven light rays.

[0138] The surface types and parameters are listed in Table 7. The surface coefficients are listed in Table 8.

[0139] Prism 404 may be a cut prism, as known in the art. The TTL of optical lens system 400 may be TTL=26.9 mm, where TTL1=8.5 mm and TTL2=18.5 mm. MHM=11.1 mm and MLM=23.0 mm. Dimensional ratios may include TTL / EFL=1.05, MLM / EFL=0.9, and MLM / TTL=0.86. EFL G1 can be positive. EFL G2 may be negative. The sign arrangement of the lens powers of the lens elements L1 to L6 may be positive-negative-positive-negative-positive-negative. MHS may be defined by the aperture diameter of L6.

[0140] (Table 7) [Table 7] (End of Table 7) (Table 8) [Table 8] (End of Table 8)

[0141] Table 7 provides the specific aperture diameters of prism 404. The rectangular aperture half widths of prism 404 may be 3.55x2.6mm, 3.25x3.68mm, 3.1x2.6mm for the entrance, reflection and exit surfaces, respectively.

[0142] FIG. 19B schematically shows lens system 400 focused at 20.5 cm. To focus optical lens system 400, 402-2 may be moved relative to 402-G1, OPFE 404, and image sensor 406. When optical lens system 400 may be focused at 20.5 cm, 80% of the FOV may be used for imaging, compared to optical lens system 400 focused at infinity. Table 9 lists the movements that may be required to focus at infinity and 20.5 cm, respectively. To focus optical lens system 400, 402-2 may be moved toward image sensor 406 and away from OPFE 404.

[0143] (Table 9) [Table 9]

[0144] 19C is a schematic diagram of the optical lens system 400 when performing OIS in the second OIS direction according to Method 1 disclosed herein. The optical lens system 400 is shown focused at infinity. For OIS, 402-G1 may be moved parallel to the x-axis, i.e., perpendicular to both the first optical path 410 and the second optical path 412. 402-G1 is a function of ΔX G1 where ΔX G1 ≒0.5mm. By moving 402-G1, ΔX Sensor The image on the image sensor 406 is shifted by ΔX Sensor ≒0.6 mm, so ΔXSensor / ΔX G1 ≈1.2. To perform OIS in a first OIS direction, 402-G1 may be moved parallel to the second optical path 412 (i.e., along the z-axis as shown). To perform OIS in a second OIS direction according to an alternative method, 402-G1 and 402-G2 may be moved together perpendicular to both the first optical path 410 and the second optical path 412. In some examples, ΔX G1 is ΔX G1 = 0.25mm to 2.5mm. The movement of 402-G1 is ΔX Sensor The image on the image sensor 406 may be shifted by ΔX Sensor =0.75 ΔX G1 ~1.5 ΔX G1 is.

[0145] 19D shows optical lens system 450 as disclosed herein. Optical lens system 450 may be similar to optical lens system 400, except that 402-G2 may be "cut" as known in the art. Compared to optical lens system 400, 402-G2 may be cut by 27%. The cut may be performed as described for optical lens system 350. The MHS is defined as H S It may be defined by:

[0146] FIG. 20A schematically illustrates one embodiment of an optical lens system disclosed herein, designated 500. In FIG. 20A, lens system 500 is shown focused at infinity. Lens system 500 may include lens 502, prism 504, (optional) optical element 508, and image sensor 506. Lens 502 may be divided into two lens groups: 502-G1 (“G1”), which may include L1-L3, and 502-G2 (“G2”), which may include L4-L6. Prism 504 may be oriented at a 45-degree angle relative to the y- and z-axes. Light rays may pass through 502-G1, be reflected by prism 504, pass through 502-G2, and form an image on image sensor 506. FIG. 20A illustrates six fields, each with seven light rays.

[0147] The surface types are listed in Table 10. The surface coefficients are listed in Table 11.

[0148] Prism 504 may be a cutting prism as is known in the art.

[0149] The TTL of the optical lens system 500 may be TTL=24.6 mm, where TTL1=8.2 mm, TTL2=16.4 mm, MHM=11.1 mm and MLM=20.6 mm. G1 can be positive. EFL G2 may be negative. The order of the signs of the lens powers of the lens elements L1 to L6 may be positive-negative-positive-negative-positive-negative. MHS may be defined by the aperture diameter of L6.

[0150] (Table 10) [Table 10] (End of Table 10) (Table 11) [Table 11] (End of Table 11)

[0151] Table 10 provides the specific aperture diameters of prism 504. The rectangular aperture half widths of prism 504 may be 3.501 x 2.882 mm, 3.13 x 4.11 mm, and 2.9 x 2.75 mm for the entrance, reflection, and exit surfaces, respectively.

[0152] FIG. 20B schematically shows lens system 500 focusing at 20 cm. To focus optical lens system 500, 502-2 can be moved relative to 502-G1, OPFE 504, and image sensor 506. When optical lens system 500 may be focused at 20 cm, 80% of the FOV may be used for imaging, compared to when optical lens system 500 is focused at infinity. Table 12 lists the movements that may be required to focus at infinity and 20 cm, respectively. To focus optical lens system 500, 502-2 may be moved toward image sensor 506 and away from OPFE 504.

[0153] (Table 12) [Table 12]

[0154] 20C is a schematic diagram of the optical lens system 500 when performing OIS in the second OIS direction according to Method 1 disclosed herein. The optical lens system 500 is shown focused at infinity. For OIS, 502-G1 may be moved parallel to the x-axis, i.e., perpendicular to both the first optical path 510 and the second optical path 512. 502-G1 is a function of ΔX G1 where ΔX G1 ≒0.5 mm. The image on the image sensor 506 changes by ΔX Sensor Here, ΔX Sensor ≒0.6 mm, so ΔX Sensor / ΔX G1≈1.2. To perform OIS in the first OIS direction, 502-G1 may be moved parallel to the second optical path 412 (i.e., along the z-axis as shown). Alternatively, to perform OIS in the second OIS direction, 502-G1 and 502-G2 may be moved together perpendicular to both the first optical path 510 and the second optical path 512.

[0155] 20D shows a schematic representation of optical lens system 550 as disclosed herein. Optical lens system 550 is identical to optical lens system 500, except that 502-G2 has been "cut" as known in the art. With reference to optical lens system 500, 502-G2 has been cut by 8%. The cut is performed as described for optical lens system 350. The MHS is calculated by H S is defined by

[0156] FIG. 21A schematically illustrates one embodiment of another optical lens system disclosed herein, designated 600. In FIG. 21A, lens system 600 is shown focused at infinity. Lens system 600 may include lens 602, prism 604, (optional) optical element 608, and image sensor 606. Lens 602 may be divided into two lens groups: 602-G1 (“G1”), which may include L1-L3, and 602-G2 (“G2”), which may include L4-L6. Prism 604 may be oriented at a 45-degree angle relative to the y- and z-axes. Light rays may pass through 602-G1, be reflected by prism 604, pass through 602-G2, and form an image on image sensor 606. FIG. 21A illustrates six fields, each with seven light rays.

[0157] The surface types are listed in Table 13. The surface coefficients are listed in Table 14. Prism 604 may be a cut prism, as known in the art.

[0158] The TTL of the optical lens system 600 may be TTL=28.3 mm, where TTL1=7.5 mm, TTL2=20.8 mm, MHM=10.4 mm, MLM=25.6 mm. G1 and EFL G2 Both of the powers of the lens elements L1-L6 may be positive. The lens power sequence of each lens element L1-L6 may be positive-positive-negative-positive-negative-positive. The MHS may be defined by the aperture diameter of L6. Table 13 also provides the explicit aperture diameter of prism 604.

[0159] In other embodiments, 602-G2 may be cut as known in the art. G2 may be cut by 24%. The cut may be performed as described above. When 602-G2 is cut by 24%, MHS is H S It may be defined by:

[0160] (Table 13) [Table 13] (End of Table 13) (Table 14) [Table 14] (End of Table 14)

[0161] 21B schematically shows lens system 600 focused at 20 cm. To focus optical lens system 600, 602-2 may be moved relative to 602-G1, OPFE 604, and image sensor 606. Table 15 shows the movements that may be required to focus at infinity and 20 cm, respectively. To focus optical lens system 600, 602-2 may be moved away from image sensor 606 and toward OPFE 604.

[0162] (Table 15) [Table 15]

[0163] 21C is a schematic diagram of the optical lens system 600 when performing OIS in the second OIS direction according to Method 1 disclosed herein. The optical lens system 600 is shown focused at infinity. For OIS, 602-G1 is moved parallel to the X axis, i.e., perpendicular to both the first optical path 610 and the second optical path 612. 602-G1 is shifted by ΔX G1 where ΔX G1 ≒0.8 mm. The image on the image sensor 606 changes by ΔX Sensor Here, ΔX Sensor ≒0.6 mm, so ΔX Sensor / ΔX G1 ≈0.75. To perform OIS in a first OIS direction, 602-G1 may be moved parallel to the second optical path 612 (i.e., along the z-axis as shown). To perform OIS in a second OIS direction according to an alternative method, 602-G1 and 602-G2 may be moved together perpendicular to both the first optical path 610 and the second optical path 612.

[0164] FIG. 22A schematically illustrates one embodiment of another optical lens system disclosed herein, designated 700. In FIG. 22A, lens system 700 is shown focused at infinity. Lens system 700 may include lens 702, prism 704, (optional) optical element 708, and image sensor 706. Lens 702 may be divided into two lens groups: 702-G1 (“G1”), which may include L1-L2, and 702-G2 (“G2”), which may include L3-L6. Prism 704 may be oriented at a 45-degree angle relative to the y- and z-axes. Light rays may pass through 702-G1, be reflected by prism 704, pass through 702-G2, and form an image on image sensor 706. Surface types are listed in Table 16. Surface coefficients are listed in Table 17.

[0165] (Table 16) [Table 16] (End of Table 16) (Table 17) [Table 17] (End of Table 17)

[0166] The TTL of the optical lens system 700 may be TTL=31.5, where TTL1=7.0 mm, TTL2=24.5 mm, MHM=11.3 mm and MLM=29.1 mm. G1 and EFL G2 Both of the powers may be positive. The lens powers of the lens elements L1-L6 may be arranged in the order of positive-negative-negative-positive-negative-positive. The MHS may be defined by the aperture diameter of L6. Table 16 also provides the specific aperture diameter of the prism 704.

[0167] In other embodiments, 702-G2 may be cut as known in the art. 702-G2 may be cut by 28%. The cut may be performed as described above. When 702-G2 is cut by 28%, MHS is H S It may be defined by:

[0168] 22B schematically shows lens system 700 focused at 40 cm. To focus optical lens system 700, 702-2 may be moved relative to 702-G1, OPFE 704, and image sensor 706. Table 18 shows the movements that may be required to focus at infinity and 40 cm, respectively. To focus optical lens system 700, 702-2 may be moved away from image sensor 706 and toward OPFE 704.

[0169] (Table 18) [Table 18]

[0170] 22C is a schematic diagram of the optical lens system 700 when performing OIS in the second OIS direction according to Method 1 disclosed herein. The optical lens system 700 is shown focused at infinity. For OIS, 702-G1 may be moved parallel to the x-axis, i.e., perpendicular to both the first optical path 710 and the second optical path 712. 702-G1 is a function of ΔX G1 where ΔX G1 ≒1.0 mm. The image on the image sensor 706 changes by ΔX Sensor Here, the shift is ΔX Sensor ≒0.7 mm, so ΔX Sensor / ΔX G1 ≈0.7. To perform OIS in a first OIS direction, 702-G1 may be moved parallel to the second optical path 712 (i.e., along the z-axis as shown). To perform OIS in a second OIS direction according to an alternative method, 702-G1 and 702-G2 may be moved together perpendicular to both the first optical path 710 and the second optical path 712.

[0171] FIG. 23A schematically illustrates one embodiment of another optical lens system disclosed herein, designated 800. In FIG. 23A, lens system 800 is shown focused at infinity. Lens system 800 may include lens 802, prism 804, (optional) optical element 808, and image sensor 806. Lens 802 may be divided into two lens groups: 802-G1, which may include L1-L2 ("G1"), and 802-G2, which may include L3-L6 ("G2"). Prism 804 may be oriented at a 45-degree angle relative to the y- and z-axes. Light rays may pass through 802-G1, be reflected by prism 804, pass through 802-G2, and form an image on image sensor 806. Surface types are listed in Table 19. Surface coefficients are listed in Table 20.

[0172] (Table 19) [Table 19] (End of Table 19) (Table 20) [Table 20] (End of Table 20)

[0173] The TTL of the optical lens system 800 may be TTL=30.7mm, where TTL1=6.8mm, TTL2=23.9mm, MHM=10.4mm and MLM=28.2mm. G1 and EFL G2 Both of the powers of the lens elements L1-L6 may be positive. The lens power sequence of each lens element L1-L6 may be positive-negative-positive-positive-negative-positive. The MHS may be defined by the aperture diameter of L6. Table 19 also provides the explicit aperture diameter of prism 804.

[0174] In other embodiments, 802-G2 may be cut as known in the art. 802-G2 may be cut by 23%. Cutting may be performed as described above. When 802-G2 is cut by 28%, MHS is H S It may be specified as:

[0175] 23B schematically shows lens system 800 focused at 20 cm. To focus optical lens system 800, 802-2 may be moved relative to 802-G1, OPFE 804, and image sensor 806. Table 21 lists the movements that may be required to focus at infinity and 20 cm, respectively. To focus optical lens system 800, 802-2 may be moved away from image sensor 806 and toward OPFE 804.

[0176] (Table 21) [Table 21]

[0177] 23C is a schematic diagram of optical lens system 800 when performing OIS in a first OIS direction (OIS1) according to Method 4 disclosed herein. Optical lens system 800 is shown focused at infinity. For OIS, 802-G1 and OPFE 804 may be rotated together around an axis parallel to the x-axis, i.e., an axis perpendicular to the first and second optical paths. 802-G1 and OPFE 804 may be rotated by an angle θ, where θ≈0.8 degrees. The movement of 802-G1 causes the image on image sensor 806 to rotate by a ΔY Sensor Here, ΔY Sensor ≒0.6 mm, so ΔY Sensor / θ≈0.75 mm / degree. To perform OIS in the second OIS direction, 802-G1 and OPFE 804 may be rotated together as a unit about a rotation axis parallel to the second optical path, i.e., about a rotation axis parallel to the z-axis.

[0178] FIG. 24A illustrates in perspective view one embodiment of a curved telecamera module disclosed herein, designated 900. FIG. 24B illustrates the curved telecamera module (or abbreviated "FTCM") 900 in side view. The FTCM 900 may be operable to perform lens-OIS and focusing according to OIS Method 1 (Table 1) disclosed herein. In other words, the FTCM 900 may be operable to perform OIS by linearly moving G1 along a first axis and a second axis. The FTCM 900 may be operable to perform focusing by linearly moving G2 along the second axis. The FTCM 900 may include an optical lens system disclosed herein. The FTCM 900 may have an opening 902, may include an OPFE 903, may include a lens 904, may include an image sensor 906, and may be surrounded by a camera module chassis 908 (or simply "chassis") and a housing 911. The chassis 908 may be fixedly coupled to the image sensor 906. The lens 904 may be divided into a first lens group (“G1”) and a second lens group (“G2”). G1 may have an optical axis parallel to the y-axis and may be closer to the object side than G2. G2 may have an optical axis parallel to the z-axis and may be closer to the image side than G1. Each lens group may be contained in a respective lens barrel 905-G1, 905-G2. G1 may be operable to move relative to the image sensor 906 to perform OIS. The FTCM 900 has an FTCM width W that may be measured along an axis perpendicular to both the first and second optical paths. M The FTCM 900 may have an FTCM length L, which may be measured along an axis parallel to the second optical path. M The FTCM 900 may have two different FTCM heights. In the first FTCM region 907, which may have a length "R1", the FTCM 900 has an FTCM module height H M In the second FTCM region 909, which may have a length "R2", the FTCM 900 may have an FTCM shoulder height H S where H S <H MAs shown in the figure, L M =R1+R2. Table 19 shows the range of values ​​that may be implemented in the FTCM 900.

[0179] (Table 22) [Table 22] (End of Table 22) FIG. 24C shows the FTCM 900 in a first perspective top view without the housing 911. FIG. 24D shows the FTCM 900 in a second perspective top view without the housing 911. FIG. 24D shows the FTCM 900 in a third perspective top view without the housing 911. FIG. 24E shows the FTCM 900 in a first perspective bottom view without the housing 911. FIG. 24F shows the FTCM 900 in a second perspective bottom view without the housing 911. FIG. 24G shows the FTCM 900 in a bottom view without the housing 911. The FTCM 900 may include a focus actuator 910 operable to actuate focus movement. The focus actuator 910 may include a first focus actuation unit 912, which may be disposed on a first side of the FTCM 900. The focusing actuator 910 may be disposed on a second side of the FTCM 900 and may include a second focusing actuation unit 914, which may be opposite the first side. The focusing actuator 910 may include a focusing position detection unit 916. The first focusing actuation unit 912 may be disposed on a first side of G2, and the second focusing actuation unit 914 may be disposed on a second side of G2. The first and second focusing actuation units 912, 914 may each include a first coil pair 918 and a second coil pair 920. The first and second focusing actuation units 912, 914 may each include a first actuation magnet 922 (FIGS. 24H-K) and a second actuation magnet (not shown). The focusing actuation units 912, 914 may have similar sizes and may include similar components. The focusing position detection unit 916 may include a magnetic flux sensor 926 (e.g., a Hall sensor) and may include a tilted magnet 928 (FIGS. 24G, 24I, 24K). The use of a "slanted" magnet, such as the tilted magnet 928, may be beneficial for achieving position sensing over a relatively large sensing distance (or stroke), as described in commonly owned U.S. Provisional Patent Application (CP-0952C)-63,491,554.

[0180] The FTCM 900 may include a lens-shift OIS actuator 930 that may be operable to actuate linear OIS movement of G1 along two directions. The OIS actuator 930 may include a first (or “z-”) OIS actuator 932 for moving G1 along a first OIS direction parallel to the second optical path (z-axis) and a second (or “x-”) OIS actuator 934 for moving G1 along a second OIS direction perpendicular to both the first and second optical paths (parallel to the x-axis). The z-OIS actuator 932 and the x-OIS actuator 934 may include z-actuation coils 936 and x-actuation coils 938, z-actuation magnets 940 and x-actuation magnets 942, and z-actuation magnetic flux sensors 944 and x-actuation magnetic flux sensors 946, respectively.

[0181] FIG. 24H shows the FTCM 900 in a first exploded view. FIG. 24I shows the FTCM 900 in a second exploded view. FIG. 24J shows the components of the FTCM 900 in a perspective top view. FIG. 24K shows the components of the FTCM 900 in a perspective bottom view. In FIGS. 24J-K, the lens height of the lens group G2 is H G2 is shown.

[0182] The FTCM 900 may include a G1 carrier 948 and an OIS base 950, which may be fixedly coupled to the G1 carrier and operable to move relative to the OIS base 950. The OIS base 950 may be movable along the X-axis relative to the image sensor 906 and the chassis 908. To transmit movement for the lens-shift OIS in the x-direction, the OIS base 950 may include four grooves 950a, 950b, 950c, and 950d that may mate with two long grooves (not shown) or four short grooves (not shown) on the OPFE side 952 of the chassis 908. To transmit movement for the lens-shift OIS in the z-direction, the G1 carrier 948 may include two grooves 948a and 948b that may mate with two grooves 950e and 950f that may be included in the OIS base 950. The FTCM 900 may include a G2 carrier 954 that may carry (i.e., fixedly coupled to) G2 and that is operable to move relative to the chassis 908. To transmit movement for focusing, the G2 carrier 954 may include two grooves 954a, 954b, and the chassis 908 may include two grooves 908a, 908b that may engage with the grooves 954a, 954b. The G2 carrier 954 may include a first focusing preload magnet 956a and a second focusing preload magnet 956a. The first focusing preload magnet 956a and the second focusing preload magnet 956a may interact with at least one focusing preload yoke (not shown), which may be fixedly coupled to the chassis 208. Interaction between the preload magnet and the at least one preload yoke may attach the G2 carrier 954 to the chassis 208, i.e., prevent the G2 carrier 954 from falling off the chassis 208. The G2 carrier 954 may include a first stopper 958a and a second stopper 958b, which may be operable to limit (or define) a stroke (or distance) of movement along the z-axis toward the image sensor 906.

[0183] The following provides in list form the operating elements that may be included in the FTCM 900 and the operations that may be performed by the FTCM 900.

[0184] (Focusing operation by focusing actuator 910) ◆ The first focusing actuation unit 912 may include a first coil pair 918 and a first actuation magnet 922 . ◆ The second focusing actuation unit 914 may include a second coil pair 920 and a second actuation magnet. The focusing position detection unit 916 may include a magnetic flux sensor 926 and a tilt magnet 928 . ◆ Two grooves 954a, 954b may be present in the G2 carrier 954, and two grooves 908a, 908b may be present in the chassis 908. ◆ Two bearing balls may be in groove 948a and two bearing balls may be in groove 948b. Two additional support / spacer balls may be included. The two bearing balls may be confined to the two volumes formed by the four grooves 908a, 908b, 948a, and 948b. ◆ The movement of G2 of the focusing lens 904 may be along a stroke (or distance) of about 0.5 mm to 5 mm.

[0185] (OIS operation by x actuator 934) ◆ x operating coil 938 ◆ x-actuating magnet 942 ◆ x-actuated magnetic flux sensor 946 ◆ Four ball bearings may be formed. The ball bearings may be formed by four grooves 950a-950d in the OIS base 950 and may interact with two grooves (or four grooves) in the OPFE side 952 of the chassis 908. Four bearing balls may be included. The four bearing balls may be confined in four volumes formed by six or eight grooves. ◆ The movement of G1 for OIS movement along the x direction may be along a stroke of about 0.5 mm to 2.5 mm, typically about 1 mm.

[0186] (OIS operation by z actuator 932) ◆ z actuation coil 936 ◆ Z-operating magnet 940 ◆ Z differential magnetic flux sensor 944 ◆ Two ball bearings may be formed. The ball bearings may be formed by two grooves 948a, 948b that may be included in the G1 carrier 948 and two grooves 950e, 950f in the OIS base 950. The ball bearings may include three bearing balls (two in groove 950e and one in groove 950f) and two support / spacer balls. Two of the bearing balls are confined in a first volume of the two volumes formed by the four grooves, and one of the bearing balls is confined in a second volume of the two volumes formed by the four grooves. ◆ The movement of G1 for OIS movement along the z direction may be along a stroke of about 0.5 mm to 2.5 mm, typically about 1 mm.

[0187] (OIS operation hierarchy) ♦ The chassis 208 is stationary relative to the image sensor 906 . ◆ The OIS base 950 may be movable relative to the chassis 208 along the x-direction for OIS along a first OIS direction (in other words, the OIS base 950 may "ride on" the chassis 208). In a first step to perform OIS along two directions, the position of G1 relative to the image sensor 206 may be defined along the x-axis. ◆ The G1 carrier 948 may ride on the OIS base 950 along the z-direction for OIS along a second OIS direction. In a second step to perform OIS along two directions, the position of G1 relative to the image sensor 206 along the z-axis may be defined.

[0188] FIG. 25A illustrates an exploded view of one embodiment of components of a flexed telecamera module ("FTCM") disclosed herein, designated 1000. FIG. 25B illustrates the components of the FTCM 1000 of FIG. 25A in a perspective view. The FTCM 1000 may be operable for OIS methods disclosed herein, which may require collective movement of the first lens group G1 and the OPFE, such as OIS Method 3 and OIS Method 4 (Table 1). The FTCM 1000 may include an OIS frame 1002, abd which may include a G1 barrel 1005-1 including the first lens group G1 and the OPFE 1006. Both the G1 barrel 1005-1 and the OPFE 1006 may be fixedly coupled to the OIS frame 1002. This may mean that when the actuated OIS frame 1002 is actuated, the G1 and the OPFE 1006 may move together in unison with the actuated OIS frame 1002. The FTCM1000 may be used in an FTCM such as the FTCM1000.

[0189] It will be appreciated that certain features of the presently disclosed subject matter, which are, for clarity, described in the context of separate embodiments, may also be provided in combination in a single embodiment. Conversely, various features of the presently disclosed subject matter, which are, for brevity, described in the context of a single embodiment, may also be provided separately or in any suitable sub-combination.

[0190] Unless otherwise noted, the use of the word "and / or" between the last two members of a list of alternatives for selection indicates that one or more of the listed alternatives is appropriate and may be selected.

[0191] When a claim or the specification refers to "a" or "an" element, it is to be understood that such a reference is not intended to be interpreted as indicating the presence of only one of that element.

[0192] All patents and patent applications mentioned in this specification are incorporated by reference in their entirety to the same extent as if each individual patent or patent application was specifically and individually indicated to be incorporated by reference. In addition, citation or identification of a reference in this application shall not be construed as an admission that such reference is available as prior art to the present disclosure.

Claims

1. 1. A folded camera module for a mobile device, comprising a lens having an effective focal length (EFL) in the range of 8 mm<EFL<50 mm and an f / # smaller than 3.5; the lens includes a first lens group (G1) defining a first optical axis (OA1), a second lens group (G2) defining a second optical axis (OA2), and an optical path bending element (OPFE) configured to bend the first optical axis into a second optical axis, the first lens group being disposed on an object side of the OPFE, and the second lens group being disposed on an image side of the OPFE; the curved camera module further comprises an image sensor disposed on the image side of the second lens group; the curved camera module acquiring data indicative of rotational movement of the curved camera module; (a) linearly moving the first lens group along a first axis parallel to the second optical axis to provide optical image stabilization (OIS) in a first OIS direction; (b) linearly moving the first lens group along a second axis perpendicular to the first optical axis and perpendicular to the second optical axis to provide OIS in a second OIS direction; wherein the first lens group is spatially adjusted to compensate for an optical path shift of light incident on the curved camera module due to the movement.

2. 10. The folded camera module of claim 1, configured to perform autofocus (AF) by moving the second lens group along an axis parallel to the second optical axis.

3. The folded camera module of claim 1 , comprising six lens elements or seven lens elements.

4. 2. The curved camera module of claim 1, wherein the f / # is less than 3.25, preferably less than 3, more preferably less than 2.9, and even more preferably less than 2.

8.

5. The movement of the first lens group (Δ Ｇ１ ) is the shift (Δ) of the image formed by the image sensor along the first OIS direction Ｓｅｎｓｏｒ 10. The bent camera module of claim 1, wherein the bent camera module is larger than

6. The movement of the first lens group (Δ Ｇ１ ) is the shift (Δ) of the image formed by the image sensor along the second OIS direction Ｓｅｎｓｏｒ 10. The bent camera module of claim 1, wherein the bent camera module is larger than

7. The folded camera module of claim 1 , wherein the first lens group includes two or three lens elements and the second lens group includes three or four elements.

8. The bent camera module of claim 1 , wherein the bend angle is less than 90°.

9. The folded camera module of claim 8 , wherein the light path bending element is an obtuse triangular prism.

10. the prism includes a top surface and two side surfaces; (a) an angle α formed between the top surface and a first of the two side surfaces is greater than 90°; (b) the angle β formed between the two sides is greater than 45°; 10. The curved camera module of claim 9, wherein (c) an angle γ formed between the top surface and a second of the two side surfaces is less than 45°.

11. 11. The curved camera module of claim 10, wherein α is in the range of 90° to 100°, β is in the range of 45° to 55°, and γ is in the range of 35° to 45°.

12. 11. The curved camera module of claim 10, wherein α is in the range of 90° to 95°, β is in the range of 45° to 50°, and γ is in the range of 40° to 45°.

13. The folded camera module of claim 1 , wherein the image sensor is perpendicular to the second optical path.

14. The minimum object-lens distance (u) that the camera can focus on ｍｉｎ 10. The bent camera module of claim 1, wherein the length of the bent camera module is less than 25 cm.

15. 10. The folded camera module of claim 1, wherein an effective focal length of the second lens group is at least three times greater than an effective focal length of the first lens group.

16. The folded camera module of claim 1 , wherein the effective focal length of the first lens group is less than 0.8 times the effective focal length.

17. 10. The folded camera module of claim 1, wherein a total track length (TTL) is less than 1.1 times the effective focal length.

18. The folded camera module of claim 1 , wherein a minimum module length (MLM) is less than the effective focal length.

19. 10. The folded camera module of claim 1, wherein the minimum module length (MLM) is less than 0.9 times the total track length (TTL).

20. A mobile device incorporating the bent camera module according to claim 1.

21. 21. The mobile device of claim 20, wherein the curved camera module is configured as a zoom camera.

22. 21. The mobile device of claim 20, wherein the folded camera module is configured as a telecamera.

23. 23. The mobile device of claim 22, wherein the curved camera module is included in a camera assembly that includes at least two cameras.

24. 1. A folded camera module for a mobile device, comprising a lens having an effective focal length (EFL) in the range of 8 mm<EFL<50 mm and an f / # smaller than 3.5; the lens includes a first lens group (G1) defining a first optical axis (OA1), a second lens group (G2) defining a second optical axis (OA2), and an optical path bending element (OPFE) configured to bend the first optical axis into a second optical axis, the first lens group being disposed on an object side of the OPFE, and the second lens group being disposed on an image side of the OPFE; the curved camera module further comprises an image sensor disposed on the image side of the second lens group; the curved camera module acquiring data indicative of rotational movement of the curved camera module; (a) linearly moving the first lens group along a first axis parallel to the second optical axis to provide optical image stabilization (OIS) in a first OIS direction; (b) rotating the first lens group and the OPFE together about a second axis parallel to the second optical axis to provide OIS in a second OIS direction; and spatially adjusting the first lens group and the OPFE to compensate for an optical path shift of light incident on the curved camera module due to the movement.

25. 25. The folded camera module of claim 24, configured to perform autofocus (AF) by moving the second lens group along an axis parallel to the second optical axis.

26. 25. The folded camera module of claim 24, comprising six lens elements or seven lens elements.

27. 25. The curved camera module of claim 24, wherein the f / # is less than 3.25, preferably less than 3, more preferably less than 2.9, and even more preferably less than 2.

8.

28. The movement of the first lens group (Δ Ｇ１ ) is the shift (Δ) of the image formed by the image sensor along the first OIS direction Ｓｅｎｓｏｒ 25. The bent camera module of claim 24, wherein the bent camera module is greater than 1 / 2.

29. 25. The folded camera module of claim 24, wherein the first lens group includes two or three lens elements and the second lens group includes three or four elements.

30. 25. The bent camera module of claim 24, wherein the bend angle is less than 90 degrees.

31. 31. The folded camera module of claim 30, wherein the OPFE is an obtuse triangular prism.

32. the prism includes a top surface and two side surfaces; (a) an angle α formed between the top surface and a first of the two side surfaces is greater than 90°; (b) the angle β formed between the two sides is greater than 45°; 32. The curved camera module of claim 31 , wherein (c) an angle γ formed between the top surface and a second of the two side surfaces is less than 45°.

33. 33. The curved camera module of claim 32, wherein α is in the range of 90° to 100°, β is in the range of 45° to 55°, and γ is in the range of 35° to 45°.

34. 33. The curved camera module of claim 32, wherein α is in the range of 90° to 95°, β is in the range of 45° to 50°, and γ is in the range of 40° to 45°.

35. 25. The folded camera module of claim 24, wherein the image sensor is perpendicular to the second optical path.

36. The minimum object-lens distance (u) that the camera can focus on ｍｉｎ 25. The bent camera module of claim 24, wherein the length of the bent camera module is less than 25 cm.

37. 25. The folded camera module of claim 24, wherein an effective focal length of the second lens group is at least three times greater than an effective focal length of the first lens group.

38. 25. The folded camera module of claim 24, wherein the effective focal length of the first lens group is less than 0.8 times the effective focal length.

39. 25. The folded camera module of claim 24, wherein a total track length (TTL) is less than 1.1 times the effective focal length.

40. 25. The folded camera module of claim 24, wherein a minimum module length (MLM) is less than the effective focal length.

41. 25. The folded camera module of claim 24, wherein the minimum module length (MLM) is less than 0.9 times the total track length (TTL).

42. A mobile device incorporating the bent camera module according to claim 24.

43. 43. The mobile device of claim 42, wherein the folded camera module is configured as a zoom camera.

44. 43. The mobile device of claim 42, wherein the folded camera module is configured as a telecamera.

45. 45. The mobile device of claim 44, wherein the curved camera module is included in a camera assembly that includes at least two cameras.

46. 1. A folded camera module for a mobile device, comprising a lens having an effective focal length (EFL) in the range of 8 mm<EFL<50 mm and an f / # smaller than 3.5; the lens includes a first lens group (G1) defining a first optical axis (OA1), a second lens group (G2) defining a second optical axis (OA2), and an optical path bending element (OPFE) configured to bend the first optical axis into a second optical axis, the first lens group being disposed on an object side of the OPFE, and the second lens group being disposed on an image side of the OPFE; the curved camera module further comprises an image sensor disposed on the image side of the second lens group; the curved camera module acquiring data indicative of rotational movement of the curved camera module; (a) rotating the first lens group and the OPFE about a first axis perpendicular to the first optical axis and the second optical axis to provide optical image stabilization (OIS) in a first OIS direction; (b) rotating the first lens group and the OPFE together about a second axis parallel to the first optical axis to provide OIS in a second OIS direction; and spatially adjusting the first lens group and the OPFE to compensate for an optical path shift of light incident on the curved camera module due to the movement.

47. 47. The folded camera module of claim 46, configured to perform autofocus (AF) by moving the second lens group along an axis parallel to the second optical axis.

48. 47. The folded camera module of claim 46, comprising six lens elements or seven lens elements.

49. 47. The curved camera module of claim 46, wherein the f / # is less than 3.25, preferably less than 3, more preferably less than 2.9, and even more preferably less than 2.

8.

50. 47. The folded camera module of claim 46, wherein the first lens group includes two or three lens elements and the second lens group includes three or four elements.

51. 47. The bent camera module of claim 46, wherein the bend angle is less than 90 degrees.

52. 52. The folded camera module of claim 51 , wherein the OPFE is an obtuse triangular prism.

53. the prism includes a top surface and two side surfaces; (a) an angle α formed between the top surface and a first of the two side surfaces is greater than 90°; (b) the angle β formed between the two sides is greater than 45°; 53. The curved camera module of claim 52, wherein (c) an angle γ formed between the top surface and a second of the two side surfaces is less than 45°.

54. 54. The curved camera module of claim 53, wherein α is in the range of 90° to 100°, β is in the range of 45° to 55°, and γ is in the range of 35° to 45°.

55. 54. The curved camera module of claim 53, wherein α is in the range of 90° to 95°, β is in the range of 45° to 50°, and γ is in the range of 40° to 45°.

56. 47. The folded camera module of claim 46, wherein the image sensor is perpendicular to the second optical path.

57. The minimum object-lens distance (u) that the camera can focus on ｍｉｎ 47. The bent camera module of claim 46, wherein the length of the bent camera module is less than 25 cm.

58. 47. The folded camera module of claim 46, wherein an effective focal length of the second lens group is at least three times greater than an effective focal length of the first lens group.

59. 47. The folded camera module of claim 46, wherein the effective focal length of the first lens group is less than 0.8 times the effective focal length.

60. 47. The folded camera module of claim 46, wherein a total track length (TTL) is less than 1.1 times the effective focal length.

61. 47. The folded camera module of claim 46, wherein a minimum module length (MLM) is less than the effective focal length.

62. 47. The folded camera module of claim 46, wherein the minimum module length (MLM) is less than 0.9 times the total track length (TTL).

63. A mobile device incorporating the bent camera module of claim 46.

64. 64. The mobile device of claim 63, wherein the curved camera module is configured as a zoom camera.

65. 64. The mobile device of claim 63, wherein the folded camera module is configured as a telecamera.

66. 66. The mobile device of claim 65, wherein the curved camera module is included in a camera assembly that includes at least two cameras.

67. 1. A folded camera module for a mobile device, comprising a lens having an effective focal length (EFL) in the range of 8 mm<EFL<50 mm and an f / # smaller than 3.5; the lens includes a first lens group (G1) defining a first optical axis (OA1), a second lens group (G2) defining a second optical axis (OA2), and an optical path bending element (OPFE) configured to bend the first optical axis into a second optical axis, the first lens group being disposed on an object side of the OPFE, and the second lens group being disposed on an image side of the OPFE; the curved camera module further comprises an image sensor disposed on the image side of the second lens group; the curved camera module acquiring data indicative of rotational movement of the curved camera module; (a) rotating the first lens group and the OPFE about a first axis perpendicular to the first optical axis and perpendicular to the second optical axis to provide optical image stabilization (OIS) in a first OIS direction; (b) rotating the first lens group and the OPFE about a second axis parallel to the second optical axis to provide OIS in a second OIS direction; and spatially adjusting the first lens group and the OPFE to compensate for an optical path shift of light incident on the curved camera module due to the movement.

68. 68. The folded camera module of claim 67, configured to perform autofocus (AF) by moving the second lens group along an axis parallel to the second optical axis.

69. 68. The folded camera module of claim 67, comprising six lens elements or seven lens elements.

70. 68. The curved camera module of claim 67, wherein the f / # is less than 3.25, preferably less than 3, more preferably less than 2.9, and even more preferably less than 2.

8.

71. 68. The folded camera module of claim 67, wherein the first lens group includes two or three lens elements and the second lens group includes three or four elements.

72. 68. The bent camera module of claim 67, wherein the bend angle is less than 90 degrees.

73. 73. The folded camera module of claim 72, wherein the OPFE is an obtuse triangular prism.

74. the prism includes a top surface and two side surfaces; (a) an angle α formed between the top surface and a first of the two side surfaces is greater than 90°; (b) the angle β formed between the two sides is greater than 45°; 74. The curved camera module of claim 73, wherein (c) an angle γ formed between the top surface and a second of the two side surfaces is less than 45°.

75. 75. The curved camera module of claim 74, wherein α is in the range of 90° to 100°, β is in the range of 45° to 55°, and γ is in the range of 35° to 45°.

76. 75. The curved camera module of claim 74, wherein α is in the range of 90° to 95°, β is in the range of 45° to 50°, and γ is in the range of 40° to 45°.

77. 68. The folded camera module of claim 67, wherein the image sensor is perpendicular to the second optical path.

78. The minimum object-lens distance (u) that the camera can focus on ｍｉｎ 68. The bent camera module of claim 67, wherein the length of the bent camera module is less than 25 cm.

79. 68. The folded camera module of claim 67, wherein an effective focal length of the second lens group is at least three times greater than an effective focal length of the first lens group.

80. 68. The folded camera module of claim 67, wherein the effective focal length of the first lens group is less than 0.8 times the effective focal length.

81. 68. The folded camera module of claim 67, wherein a total track length (TTL) is less than 1.1 times the effective focal length.

82. 68. The folded camera module of claim 67, wherein a minimum module length (MLM) is less than the effective focal length.

83. 68. The folded camera module of claim 67, wherein the minimum module length (MLM) is less than 0.9 times the total track length (TTL).

84. A mobile device incorporating the bent camera module of claim 67.

85. 85. The mobile device of claim 84, wherein the folded camera module is configured as a zoom camera.

86. 85. The mobile device of claim 84, wherein the folded camera module is configured as a telecamera.

87. 97. The mobile device of claim 96, wherein the curved camera module is included in a camera assembly including at least two cameras.

88. 2. The folded camera module for a mobile device of claim 1, wherein the light path bending element is moved with the first lens group along the second axis to provide OIS in a second OIS direction of the sensor.

89. 90. The folded camera module of claim 88, configured to perform autofocus (AF) by moving the second lens group along an axis parallel to the second optical axis.

90. 89. The folded camera module of claim 88, comprising six lens elements or seven lens elements.

91. 89. The curved camera module of claim 88, wherein the f / # is less than 3.25, preferably less than 3, more preferably less than 2.9, and even more preferably less than 2.

8.

92. The movement of the first lens group (Δ Ｇ１ ) is the shift (Δ) of the image formed by the image sensor along the first OIS direction Ｓｅｎｓｏｒ 89. The bent camera module of claim 88, wherein the bent camera module is greater than

93. The movement of the first lens group (Δ Ｇ１ ) is the shift (Δ) of the image formed by the image sensor along the second OIS direction Ｓｅｎｓｏｒ 89. The bent camera module of claim 88, wherein the bent camera module is greater than

94. 90. The folded camera module of claim 88, wherein the first lens group includes two or three lens elements and the second lens group includes three or four elements.

95. 89. The bent camera module of claim 88, wherein the bend angle is less than 90 degrees.

96. 96. The folded camera module of claim 95, wherein the OPFE is an obtuse triangular prism.

97. the prism includes a top surface and two side surfaces; (a) an angle α formed between the top surface and a first of the two side surfaces is greater than 90°; (b) the angle β formed between the two sides is greater than 45°; 97. The curved camera module of claim 96, wherein (c) an angle γ formed between the top surface and a second of the two side surfaces is less than 45°.

98. 98. The curved camera module of claim 97, wherein α is in the range of 90° to 100°, β is in the range of 45° to 55°, and γ is in the range of 35° to 45°.

99. 98. The curved camera module of claim 97, wherein α is in the range of 90° to 95°, β is in the range of 45° to 50°, and γ is in the range of 40° to 45°.

100. 89. The folded camera module of claim 88, wherein the image sensor is perpendicular to the second optical path.

101. The minimum object-lens distance (u) that the camera can focus on ｍｉｎ 89. The bent camera module of claim 88, wherein the length (mm) of the bent camera module is less than 25 cm.

102. 90. The folded camera module of claim 88, wherein an effective focal length of the second lens group is at least three times greater than an effective focal length of the first lens group.

103. 89. The folded camera module of claim 88, wherein the effective focal length of the first lens group is less than 0.8 times the effective focal length.

104. 89. The folded camera module of claim 88, wherein a total track length (TTL) is less than 1.1 times the effective focal length.

105. 89. The folded camera module of claim 88, wherein a minimum module length (MLM) is less than the effective focal length.

106. 89. The folded camera module of claim 88, wherein the minimum module length (MLM) is less than 0.9 times the total track length (TTL).

107. A mobile device incorporating the bent camera module of claim 88.

108. 108. The mobile device of claim 107, wherein the curved camera module is configured as a zoom camera.

109. 108. The mobile device of claim 107, wherein the curved camera module is configured as a telecamera.

110. 110. The mobile device of claim 109, wherein the curved camera module is included in a camera assembly that includes at least two cameras.

111. 1. A folded camera module for a mobile device, comprising a lens having an effective focal length (EFL) in the range of 8 mm<EFL<50 mm and an f / # smaller than 3.5; the lens includes a first lens group (G1) defining a first optical axis (OA1), a second lens group (G2) defining a second optical axis (OA2), and an optical path bending element (OPFE) configured to bend the first optical axis into a second optical axis, the first lens group being disposed on an object side of the OPFE, and the second lens group being disposed on an image side of the OPFE; the curved camera module further comprises an image sensor disposed on the image side of the second lens group; the curved camera module acquiring data indicative of rotational movement of the curved camera module; (a) rotating the OPFE about a first axis perpendicular to the first optical axis and perpendicular to the second optical axis to provide optical image stabilization (OIS) at a first OIS; (b) rotating the OPFE about a second axis parallel to the second optical axis to provide an OIS in a second OIS direction; a curved camera module configured to spatially adjust the OPFE to compensate for an optical path shift of light incident on the curved camera module due to the movement.

112. 112. The folded camera module of claim 111 configured to perform autofocus (AF) by moving the second lens group along an axis parallel to the second optical axis.

113. 112. The folded camera module of claim 111, comprising six lens elements or seven lens elements.

114. 112. The curved camera module of claim 111, wherein the f / # is less than 3.25, preferably less than 3, more preferably less than 2.9, and even more preferably less than 2.

8.

115. 112. The folded camera module of claim 111, wherein the first lens group includes two or three lens elements and the second lens group includes three or four elements.

116. 112. The bent camera module of claim 111, wherein the bend angle is less than 90 degrees.

117. 117. The folded camera module of claim 116, wherein the OPFE is an obtuse triangular prism.

118. the prism includes a top surface and two side surfaces; (a) an angle α formed between the top surface and a first of the two side surfaces is greater than 90°; (b) the angle β formed between the two sides is greater than 45°; 118. The curved camera module of claim 117, wherein (c) an angle γ formed between the top surface and a second of the two side surfaces is less than 45°.

119. 119. The curved camera module of claim 118, wherein α is in the range of 90° to 100°, β is in the range of 45° to 55°, and γ is in the range of 35° to 45°.

120. 119. The curved camera module of claim 118, wherein α is in the range of 90° to 95°, β is in the range of 45° to 50°, and γ is in the range of 40° to 45°.

121. 112. The folded camera module of claim 111, wherein the image sensor is perpendicular to the second optical path.

122. The minimum object-lens distance (u) that the camera can focus on ｍｉｎ 112. The bent camera module of claim 111, wherein the length of the bent camera module is less than 25 cm.

123. 112. The folded camera module of claim 111, wherein an effective focal length of the second lens group is at least three times greater than an effective focal length of the first lens group.

124. 112. The folded camera module of claim 111, wherein the effective focal length of the first lens group is less than 0.8 times the effective focal length.

125. 112. The folded camera module of claim 111, wherein a total track length (TTL) is less than 1.1 times the effective focal length.

126. 112. The folded camera module of claim 111, wherein a minimum module length (MLM) is less than the effective focal length.

127. 112. The curved camera module of claim 111, wherein the minimum module length (MLM) is less than 0.9 times the total track length (TTL).

128. A mobile device incorporating the bent camera module of claim 111.

129. 129. The mobile device of claim 128, wherein the curved camera module is configured as a zoom camera.

130. 129. The mobile device of claim 128, wherein the curved camera module is configured as a telecamera.

131. 131. The mobile device of claim 130, wherein the curved camera module is included in a camera assembly that includes at least two cameras.

132. 1. A folded camera module for a mobile device, comprising a lens having an effective focal length (EFL) in the range of 8 mm<EFL<50 mm and an f / # smaller than 3.5; the lens includes a first lens group (G1) defining a first optical axis (OA1), a second lens group (G2) defining a second optical axis (OA2), and an optical path bending element (OPFE) configured to bend the first optical axis into a second optical axis, the first lens group being disposed on an object side of the OPFE, and the second lens group being disposed on an image side of the OPFE; the curved camera module further comprises an image sensor disposed on the image side of the second lens group; the curved camera module acquiring data indicative of rotational movement of the curved camera module; (a) separately, to provide optical image stabilization (OIS) in a first OIS direction; (1) rotating the OPFE by a first angle about a first axis perpendicular to the first optical axis and the second optical axis; (2) rotating the first lens group by a second angle about a second axis that is perpendicular to the first optical axis and the second optical axis and different from the first axis; (b) rotating the first lens group and the OPFE together about a third axis parallel to the second optical axis to provide OIS in a second OIS direction; and spatially adjusting the first lens group and the OPFE to compensate for an optical path shift of light incident on the curved camera module due to the movement.

133. 133. The folded camera module of claim 132, configured to perform autofocus (AF) by moving the second lens group along an axis parallel to the second optical axis.

134. 133. The folded camera module of claim 132, comprising six lens elements or seven lens elements.

135. 133. The curved camera module of claim 132, wherein the f / # is less than 3.25, preferably less than 3, more preferably less than 2.9, and even more preferably less than 2.

8.

136. 133. The folded camera module of claim 132, wherein the second angle is twice the first angle.

137. 133. The curved camera module of claim 132, wherein the OIS includes selecting between the first axis and the second axis.

138. 133. The folded camera module of claim 132, wherein the first lens group includes two or three lens elements and the second lens group includes three or four elements.

139. 133. The bent camera module of claim 132, wherein the bend angle is less than 90 degrees.

140. 140. The curved camera module of claim 139, wherein the OPFE is an obtuse triangular prism.

141. the prism includes a top surface and two side surfaces; (a) an angle α formed between the top surface and a first of the two side surfaces is greater than 90°; (b) the angle β formed between the two sides is greater than 45°; 141. The curved camera module of claim 140, wherein (c) an angle γ formed between the top surface and a second of the two side surfaces is less than 45°.

142. 142. The curved camera module of claim 141, wherein α is in the range of 90° to 100°, β is in the range of 45° to 55°, and γ is in the range of 35° to 45°.

143. 142. The curved camera module of claim 141, wherein α is in the range of 90° to 95°, β is in the range of 45° to 50°, and γ is in the range of 40° to 45°.

144. 133. The folded camera module of claim 132, wherein the image sensor is perpendicular to the second optical path.

145. The minimum object-lens distance (u) that the camera can focus on ｍｉｎ 133. The bent camera module of claim 132, wherein:

146. 133. The folded camera module of claim 132, wherein an effective focal length of the second lens group is at least three times greater than an effective focal length of the first lens group.

147. 133. The folded camera module of claim 132, wherein the effective focal length of the first lens group is less than 0.8 times the effective focal length.

148. 133. The folded camera module of claim 132, wherein a total track length (TTL) is less than 1.1 times the effective focal length.

149. 133. The folded camera module of claim 132, wherein a minimum module length (MLM) is less than the effective focal length.

150. 133. The curved camera module of claim 132, wherein the minimum module length (MLM) is less than 0.9 times the total track length (TTL).

151. A mobile device incorporating the bent camera module of claim 132.

152. 152. The mobile device of claim 151, wherein the curved camera module is configured as a zoom camera.

153. 152. The mobile device of claim 151, wherein the curved camera module is configured as a telecamera.

154. 154. The mobile device of claim 153, wherein the curved camera module is included in a camera assembly including at least two cameras.

155. 1. A folded camera module for a mobile device, comprising a lens having an effective focal length (EFL) in the range of 8 mm<EFL<50 mm and an f / # smaller than 3.5; the lens includes a first lens group (G1) defining a first optical axis (OA1), a second lens group (G2) defining a second optical axis (OA2), and an optical path bending element (OPFE) configured to bend the first optical axis into a second optical axis, the first lens group being disposed on an object side of the OPFE, and the second lens group being disposed on an image side of the OPFE; the curved camera module further comprises an image sensor disposed on the image side of the second lens group; the curved camera module acquiring data indicative of rotational movement of the curved camera module; (a) sequentially providing optical image stabilization (OIS) in a first OIS direction; (1) rotating the first lens group and the OPFE together by a first angle about a first axis perpendicular to the first optical axis and the second optical axis; (2) rotating the first lens group by a second angle about a second axis that is perpendicular to the first optical axis and the second optical axis and different from the first axis; (b) rotating the first lens group and the OPFE together about a third axis parallel to the second optical axis to provide OIS in a second OIS direction; and spatially adjusting the first lens group and the OPFE to compensate for an optical path shift of light incident on the curved camera module due to the movement.

156. 156. The folded camera module of claim 155, configured to perform autofocus (AF) by moving the second lens group along an axis parallel to the second optical axis.

157. 156. The folded camera module of claim 155, comprising six lens elements or seven lens elements.

158. 156. The curved camera module of claim 155, wherein the f / # is less than 3.25, preferably less than 3, more preferably less than 2.9, and even more preferably less than 2.

8.

159. 156. The curved camera module of claim 155, wherein the second angle is twice the first angle.

160. 156. The curved camera module of claim 155, wherein the OIS includes selecting between the first axis and the second axis.

161. 156. The folded camera module of claim 155, wherein the first lens group includes two or three lens elements and the second lens group includes three or four elements.

162. 156. The bent camera module of claim 155, wherein the bend angle is less than 90 degrees.

163. 163. The curved camera module of claim 162, wherein the OPFE is an obtuse triangular prism.

164. the prism includes a top surface and two side surfaces; (a) an angle α formed between the top surface and a first of the two side surfaces is greater than 90°; (b) the angle β formed between the two sides is greater than 45°; 164. The curved camera module of claim 163, wherein (c) an angle γ formed between the top surface and a second of the two side surfaces is less than 45°.

165. 165. The curved camera module of claim 164, wherein α is in the range of 90° to 100°, β is in the range of 45° to 55°, and γ is in the range of 35° to 45°.

166. 165. The curved camera module of claim 164, wherein α is in the range of 90° to 95°, β is in the range of 45° to 50°, and γ is in the range of 40° to 45°.

167. 156. The folded camera module of claim 155, wherein the image sensor is perpendicular to the second optical path.

168. The minimum object-lens distance (u) that the camera can focus on ｍｉｎ 156. The bent camera module of claim 155, wherein:

169. 156. The folded camera module of claim 155, wherein the magnitude of the effective focal length of the second lens group is at least three times greater than the magnitude of the effective focal length of the first lens group.

170. 156. The bent camera module of claim 155, wherein the effective focal length of the first lens group is less than 0.8 times the effective focal length.

171. 156. The bent camera module of claim 155, wherein a total track length (TTL) is less than 1.1 times the effective focal length.

172. 156. The bent camera module of claim 155, wherein a minimum module length (MLM) is less than the effective focal length.

173. 156. The curved camera module of claim 155, wherein the minimum module length (MLM) is less than 0.9 times the total track length (TTL).

174. A mobile device incorporating the bent camera module of claim 155.

175. 175. The mobile device of claim 174, wherein the curved camera module is configured as a zoom camera.

176. 175. The mobile device of claim 174, wherein the curved camera module is configured as a telecamera.

177. 177. The mobile device of claim 176, wherein the curved camera module is included in a camera assembly including at least two cameras.

Images