Battery life management system and battery charging method using the same

Abstract

The present invention relates to a battery life management system and a battery charging method using the same. The charging method using the battery life management system for this purpose involves acquiring charging curve information required for each type of device including a battery to be charged. ;request Changes in charging power on the charging curve information rate is specified rate of change A time period where the change is more sudden than Predict Measurement ;prediction Measured When In the interval Noba Limit the charging power that can be used to charge devices containing batteries. ,time Change in charging power within the interval Rate This includes reducing the speed below a certain level.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The following description relates to a battery life management system and a battery charging method using the same, and more particularly to a system that manages charging to increase battery life based on charging profile information required for each type of device including a battery to be charged, and a charging method using the same. [Background technology]

[0002] Recently, as the use of electric vehicles (EVs) has expanded, the prevalence of EV chargers has increased. As fast charging of EVs has become important, the evaluation of battery life prediction, expected usage time, recyclability, etc. has become an important issue.

[0003] However, in actual operation of an electric vehicle charging station by the applicant, it was found that the output of fast charging for electric vehicles is not constant but shows sudden changes at certain intervals. Such sudden changes in output can impact batteries (especially lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), the most commonly used) and can also affect the conversion elements of PCSs (Power Conversion Systems). Furthermore, due to the nature of LIBs, in which lithium ions are intercalated within a certain structure, sudden changes in the electric field can adversely affect the structure.

[0004] Furthermore, various electrically driven mobile devices such as UAVs (Uncrewed Aerial Vehicles) and personal mobility devices are being proposed as mobile devices that require battery charging, in addition to current electric vehicles. Therefore, a system is required that manages charging to extend battery life based on charging profile information required for each type of device that includes a battery to be charged. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, one aspect of the present invention aims to provide a system and a charging method using the same that manages charging to increase battery life based on charging profile information required for each type of device including the battery to be charged.

[0006] In addition, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when the device including the battery to be charged is an electric vehicle (EV), it is proposed to increase the battery life by predicting in advance the section in which the change in the amount of charging energy per unit time is equal to or exceeds a predetermined standard based on a charging curve that indicates the amount of charging energy required for the EV over time, using one or more of the EV's manufacturer, vehicle type, and model as a basis, and smoothing the charging curve.

[0007] In addition, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the above-described battery life extension charging method is defined as a premium charging service, and a service model is proposed in which the life extension charging service is provided in response to a user's selection.

[0008] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is proposed to further provide an ESS (Energy Storage System) capable of high-speed charging, which is configured to suppress instantaneous voltage drops in the grid and to play a role distinct from each other in each section of the charging curve.

[0009] The problems to be solved by the present invention are not limited to the technical problems mentioned above, and other technical problems not mentioned will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains from the following description. [Means for solving the problem]

[0010] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, one aspect of the present invention is a method for charging using a battery life management system, comprising: acquiring charging curve information required for each type of device including a battery to be charged; KizumiElectric line information Based on Changes in charging power rate is specified rate of change A time period where the change is more sudden than Predict and limiting the charging power to be charged to the device including the battery during the time period predicted in advance, and measuring the change in charging power within the time period. rate The predetermined rate of change A charging method based on a battery life management system is proposed, which includes reducing:

[0011] In another aspect of the present invention, a memory for storing charging curve information obtained for each type of device including a battery to be charged; and a change in charging power on the charging curve information stored in the memory. rate a processor configured to predict in advance a time period in which the charging power of the battery changes rapidly at a rate greater than a predetermined rate; and limiting charging power to be charged to a device including the battery during the time period predicted in advance by the processor, thereby preventing a change in charging power within the time period. rate The present invention proposes a battery life management system including a charger that charges the battery so as to reduce the rate of charge to or below the predetermined rate.

[0012] In another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for charging for each type of charging service in a battery charging service providing system, the method including: when a user of the charging service selects a general charging service from the battery charging service providing system, providing a charging energy amount according to charging curve information required in a device including a battery to be charged to the device; and when the user selects a premium charging service from the battery charging service providing system, providing a charging energy amount according to the charging curve information to the device. of power change rate is specified rate of change A charging method for each charging service type is proposed, which includes limiting the amount of charging energy during the time period when the energy suddenly changes and providing it to the device.

[0013] In another aspect of the present invention, in a battery charging service providing system that charges for each charging service type, an interface configured to allow a user of the charging service to select one or more of a plurality of types of charging services including a premium charging service and a general charging service; a memory that stores charging curve information required in a device including a battery to be charged; and when the general charging service is selected through the interface, a charging energy amount according to the charging curve information is provided to the device, and when the premium charging service is selected through the interface, a charging energy amount according to the charging curve information is provided to the device. of power change rate is specified rate of change A battery charging service providing system is proposed, which includes a processor configured to limit the amount of charging power to be provided to the device during a time period where the amount of charging power changes suddenly.

[0014] In an embodiment of the method and system described above, the device including the battery includes an electric vehicle, and the memory stores a charging time based on one or more of a manufacturer, a vehicle type, or a vehicle model of the electric vehicle. through The charging curve information is configured to be stored to indicate the amount of charging power required by the electric vehicle.

[0015] The charger determines the charging time. through It is preferable that the charging power charged to the electric vehicle is limited based on the signal from the processor within the amount of charging power required by the electric vehicle, thereby smoothing the gradient of change in the amount of charging power over time.

[0016] In addition, the battery life management system is configured to be included in a battery charging service providing system, and the battery charging service providing system includes an interface configured to allow a user of the charging service to select one of a plurality of types of charging services including a premium charging service or a general charging service, and the battery life management system is configured to be activated when the premium charging service is selected via the interface.

[0017] Specifically, the premium charging service includes a battery life extension charging service and a high-speed charging service, and the battery life management system is activated when the battery life extension charging service is selected from the battery charging service providing system.

[0018] At this time, the interface of the battery charging service providing system is configured to display a predicted lifespan change when the battery lifespan management system is activated.

[0019] It is preferable that the battery life management system further includes an ESS (Energy Storage System).

[0020] The ESS is configured to suppress instantaneous voltage drops in the grid.

[0021] Specifically, the charging curve includes a slow charging section in which charging is performed with a low charging power equal to or lower than a second reference during a charging time section in which the State of Charge (SoC) of the battery to be charged is higher than a first reference, and the ESS is configured to supplement the power provided from the grid using a Frequency Regulation (FR) method, thereby reducing ramping of the power provided from the grid.

[0022] The charging curve also includes a high-speed charging section in which charging is performed with a high charging power equal to or greater than a second standard during a charging time section in which the SoC (State of Charge) of the battery to be charged is lower than a first standard, and the ESS is configured to provide auxiliary power during a section in which power provided from the grid is temporarily stopped.

[0023] The ESS is preferably an ESS that supports an instantaneous charging speed above a predetermined standard, and in particular, it is proposed to be an ESS based on a VIB (Vanadium Ion Battery). [Effects of the Invention]

[0024] According to the above-described embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to implement a system that manages charging to increase battery life based on charging profile information required for each type of device including a battery to be charged.

[0025] In addition, according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when the device including the battery to be charged is an electric vehicle (EV), the section where the amount of charging energy per unit time changes significantly can be predicted in advance based on one or more of the manufacturer, vehicle type, and vehicle model of the EV, and the charging curve can be smoothed to reduce the impact on the vehicle / battery, thereby increasing the battery life.

[0026] In addition, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the battery life extension charging method as described above is defined as a premium charging service, and the life extension charging service can be provided according to the user's selection.

[0027] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an ESS capable of high-speed charging is further provided, which can suppress instantaneous voltage drops in the grid, reduce power ramping, especially in slow-charge intervals, and increase battery life.

[0028] The effects obtained by the present invention are not limited to those mentioned above, and other effects not mentioned will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains from the following description. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0029] [Figure 1] 1 is a diagram illustrating a concept of profiling each charging curve according to various vehicle types in a battery life management system according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG.

[0030] [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining the concept of acquiring charging curve information for each vehicle type according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] [Figure 3] FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining the concept of acquiring charging curve information for each vehicle type according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] [Figure 4] 1 is a diagram illustrating a concept of extending battery life according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] [Figure 5] 1 is a diagram illustrating a concept of providing a premium charging service according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] [Figure 6] FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating the concept of grid power being provided to a charger according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] [Figure 7] FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating the concept of grid power being provided to a charger according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] [Figure 8]1 is a diagram illustrating a concept of charging a battery for extending its lifespan for each charging curve section using an ESS according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] [Figure 9] 1 is a diagram illustrating a battery type applied to an ESS according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG.

[0038] [Figure 10] 1 is a diagram illustrating a structure of a VIB ESS according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0039] Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art can easily carry out the present invention. However, the present invention may be embodied in various forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. In the drawings, parts unnecessary for the explanation are omitted in order to clearly explain the present invention, and similar parts are designated by similar reference numerals throughout the specification.

[0040] Throughout this specification, when a part is said to "comprise" a certain element, this does not mean that it excludes other elements, but that it may further include other elements, unless otherwise specified.

[0041] In one aspect of the present invention as described above, a system and a charging method using the same are provided that manage charging to increase battery life based on charging profile information required for each type of device including the battery to be charged.

[0042] FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating the concept of profiling each charging curve according to various vehicle types in a battery life management system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] Taking an electric vehicle as an example of a device including a battery to be charged, as shown in FIG. 1, a charging curve can be obtained that indicates the amount of charging power required for the electric vehicle over time, using one or more of the manufacturer, vehicle type, and vehicle model of the electric vehicle as a reference (e.g., 10, 20, 30, 40 in FIG. 1).

[0044] The charging power of an electric vehicle can be set in various ways. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, when the charging amount over time is shown based on one or more of the manufacturer, vehicle type, and vehicle model of the electric vehicle, it can be confirmed that similar charging curves are profiled.

[0045] In the charging curve for each vehicle type shown in Figure 1, it is assumed that the horizontal axis represents time and the vertical axis represents the amount of charging energy. In this way, when obtaining a charging curve profile for each vehicle type, the battery life management system according to this embodiment proposes to predict in advance a section (10a) where the change in power required / supplied to the vehicle per unit time changes more abruptly than a predetermined standard, as shown by reference numeral 10a, and smooth such a charging curve.

[0046] 2 and 3 are diagrams for explaining the concept of acquiring charging curve information for each vehicle type according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0047] In the following description, the state of the battery will be described typically based on the state-of-charge (SoC), and the charge / discharge rate of the battery will be described based on the charge / discharge rate (C-Rate).

[0048] First, the charge rate and / or discharge rate of a battery can be controlled by the charge / discharge rate (C-Rate). The charge / discharge rate (C-Rate) refers to a measurement of the current used to charge and / or discharge a battery. For example, discharging a given battery at 1C-Rate or 1C means that a fully charged battery with a capacity of 10Ah (i.e., the amount of electricity when a 10A (ampere) current flows for one hour) is discharged at 10A (amperes) in one hour.

[0049] By measuring a battery being charged at a given C-Rate, its State of Charge (SoC) can be determined.

[0050] Specifically, FIG. 2 is a graph showing the charging strategy for Company A's vehicle model A, where 210 in FIG. 2 is a graph showing the change in charging power and SoC over time, and 220 in FIG. 2 is a graph showing the rate of change in output power per unit time.

[0051] As shown in Figure 2, the charging strategy for Company A's model A is to slowly change the charging speed and steadily increase the SOC for each section. Specifically, 220 in Figure 2 shows that the rate of change in output power per unit time is maintained within a predetermined range.

[0052] On the other hand, Figure 3 is a graph showing the charging strategy for Company B's vehicle model C, where 310 in Figure 3 is a graph showing the change in charging power and SoC over time, and 320 in Figure 3 is a graph showing the rate of change in output power per unit time.

[0053] Unlike Company A's vehicle charging strategy shown in Figure 2, Company B's vehicle charging strategy involves gradually changing the output when the SOC enters a predetermined range, which can result in abrupt changes in output power each time the range is changed. As shown in Figure 3, 310, it can be seen that the output change occurs within approximately a few seconds, and as shown in Figure 3, 320, it can be seen that there are time periods where the rate of change in output power per unit time is large.

[0054] FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating the concept of extending battery life according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0055] As described in Figures 2 and 3, one embodiment of the present invention proposes to increase battery life by predicting in advance sections 410a-410e where the rate of change in output power per unit time is equal to or greater than a predetermined standard and controlling the charger accordingly. Referring to 320 in Figure 3, the standard for calculating the section where the rate of change in output power is equal to or greater than the predetermined standard is set to a section where there is a change of 3 kW or more per second, but this is merely an example, and the predetermined standard can be set in various ways depending on the performance / configuration of the processor / charger / PCS, which will be described later.

[0056] In summary, the method of charging using the battery life management system according to this embodiment acquires charging curve information required for each type of device (e.g., electric vehicle, UAV, etc.) including the battery to be charged, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, and based on this, calculates the change in charging power on the obtained charging curve information. rate is specified rate of change As described above, the time periods 410a to 410e in which the sudden change occurs can be predicted in advance.

[0057] It is preferable to use information already obtained through repeated experiments in advance rather than obtaining charging curve information for each type of electric vehicle, etc. in real time. through The amount of charging power required by the target device such as the electric vehicle has already been acquired and stored in memory.

[0058] In this way, during the pre-predicted time period 410a to 410e, the charger according to this embodiment limits the charging power charged to the target battery and proposes to reduce the change in charging power within the time period to below the predetermined standard.

[0059] 4 indicates the amount of charging power required by each device to be charged over time, so when smoothing the charging curve to extend the battery life, it may not be very meaningful to provide charging power that exceeds the amount of charging power required by the device to be charged over time. In other words, if smoothing is performed by supplying more power than the amount of charging according to the charging curve, the intended effect of extending the battery life may not be achieved.

[0060] Therefore, in this embodiment, the charging time through It is preferable to limit the charging power charged to the electric vehicle within the amount of charging power required by the electric vehicle, and smooth the gradient of change in the amount of charging power over time.

[0061] At this time, the gradient of change in the amount of power that is the basis for smoothing is rate of change More charging power rate of change may be the same as the gradient used when identifying the time intervals 410a to 410e in which the abrupt change occurs.

[0062] However, in this embodiment, as described above, rate of change More charging power rate of change The time periods 410a-410e where the power consumption suddenly changes are selected based on a first criterion (e.g., 3 kW per second) depending on the performance / structure of the processor / charger / PCS (described later). However, since the smoothing criteria within the predicted time periods 410a-410e are simply determined by power control within those time periods, a second criterion (e.g., 1 kW per second) that is higher than this can also be used to charge the battery in a manner that extends its lifespan.

[0063] FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating the concept of providing a premium charging service according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0064] The electric vehicle charging system 100 shown in Figure 5 includes an electric vehicle 120 that receives power via a wired (or wireless) connection and a charger 110 that controls the transmission of power to the electric vehicle 120. The charger 110 includes an interface 165 that displays the amount of power actually charged to the battery of the electric vehicle 120 and the amount of power consumed by charging.

[0065] In one embodiment of the present invention, it is proposed that the battery life management system according to the embodiment described in Fig. 4 is operated when a user of a charging service selects the premium charging service from among the premium charging service and the general charging service 165a in the electric vehicle (battery) charging system 100 shown in Fig. 5. That is, the electric vehicle charging system according to this embodiment can be configured to provide an interface 165a that allows the user to select the premium charging service, and to provide the premium charging service according to the user's selection.

[0066] In this invention, "premium charging" means extending the performance and life of the vehicle, just like premium gasoline, Providing good quality power, A charging service that provides a high level of service satisfaction to users, even if it means paying a relatively high cost. The term "good quality power" refers to the provision of premium charging. Charging power type / method / technology, etc. Including power This premium charging can be classified into various electric charging services such as optimized charging, ultra-fast charging, etc., in addition to the battery life extension charging service and high-speed charging service 165b shown in FIG. 5.

[0067] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in addition to displaying the charge amount 165d through the interface 165, when the battery life management system is activated, an expected life change 165c can be displayed to increase user satisfaction, as shown in Fig. 5. Such expected life change is calculated based on the capacity predicted by the charge / discharge cycle during normal charging, and the charge amount 165d can be displayed based on the charge / discharge cycle during premium charging. (Advanced charging) It can show the expected capacity increase due to charge / discharge cycles during service use.

[0068] FIG. 5 shows an example in which the aforementioned interface 165 is provided by being attached to the charger 110, but it goes without saying that this interface 165 can also be provided by a user device (e.g., a smartphone, a PC, etc.) linked to the charging system 100.

[0069] Meanwhile, the following will discuss in more detail the environment in which devices requiring battery charging, such as electric vehicles, are charged, and the concept of supplementing grid power supply by an ESS.

[0070] 6 and 7 are diagrams for explaining the concept of grid power being provided to a charger according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0071] An apparatus including a battery 630 to be charged, such as an electric vehicle, may include a BMS (Battery Management System) to monitor the battery's status, such as voltage / temperature, etc. Power supplied to the apparatus including the battery / BMS 630 to be charged is supplied in AC form from the grid 610 and converted into DC power by a PCS or a corresponding power conversion unit 620 before being supplied.

[0072] In the embodiment described in FIG. 4, limiting and smoothing the power supplied to the device to be charged 630 in a predetermined time unit may be performed by PCS 620 by limiting the power supplied to the device to be charged 630 (S650), or may be performed by a processor (not shown) of charger 110 in the embodiment of FIG. 5 separately from PCS 620.

[0073] 6 and 7, the grid power may be shared with the surrounding power loads 640 in the location where the charger is installed, rather than being provided only to the device to be charged 630. This may cause problems such as a temporary interruption of the power provided to the device to be charged 630.

[0074] Conversely, as the use of electric vehicles has expanded in recent years, electric vehicle (EV) chargers have been installed in various spaces. However, the use of EV chargers increases the amount of electricity used on the grid and may affect the amount of electricity used in other areas. In particular, there is a problem that the use of EV chargers is limited when electricity usage increases sharply.

[0075] Here, we propose to utilize an ESS in the space where the charger is placed to stabilize the power provided to the charger as described above.

[0076] Generally, an ESS refers to a device that stores energy in various energy storage means and then supplies the stored power to the grid as needed. Among these ESS, an ESS that uses a battery as an energy storage means is particularly called a BESS (Battery Energy Storage System), and unless otherwise specified in the following description, it is assumed that the ESS is a BESS.

[0077] Generally, an ESS is composed of a battery, BMS, PCS, energy management system (EMS), etc. A battery has one or more cells, and multiple cells form a module, and multiple modules form a rack. An ESS configured in this way is connected to a power grid, electrical network, or power grid to receive power.

[0078] There are many reasons that can reduce power quality, for example voltage fluctuations, abnormal voltages, electronic faults and power outages can cause problems.

[0079] To resolve the problem of voltage fluctuations, voltage and frequency must be maintained, and measures such as transformer tap adjustment and the adoption of SVGs can be taken. To resolve the problem of abnormal voltages, fault escalation must be prevented, and measures such as the adoption of LA, SA SPDs and strengthening of insulation resistance can be taken. To resolve the problem of electronic failures, electronic environmental friendliness and failure prevention must be addressed, and measures such as optimizing electromagnetic wave tolerance levels and introducing electronic shielding plans can be taken. To resolve the problem of power outages, increased equipment reliability, system duplication, standby power supplies, and predictive maintenance can be taken, and measures such as the introduction of emergency generators, UPS installation, duplication of power receiving and distribution equipment, deterioration diagnosis, and automatic inspection can be taken.

[0080] The more serious causes of reduced power quality are harmonics and voltage dips or sags. Harmonics are waveforms that occur when physical electrical quantities equivalent to integer multiples, such as two, three, or four times, of the fundamental frequency that forms a sine curve are unbalanced, while voltage dips are voltage drops that last for 0.5 to 30 cycles below the rated frequency.

[0081] Such harmonics and instantaneous voltage drops have a significant impact on the quality of power, reducing productivity and shortening the life of production equipment.

[0082] To solve the harmonic problem, it is necessary to maintain the voltage and frequency and take measures to prevent interference, and measures such as suppressing the causes of harmonic generation and adopting harmonic filters (AF) are being taken.

[0083] To solve the problem of momentary voltage drops, uninterruptible power supply and system duplication are required, and measures such as installing UPS, automatic stop / restart control, and ensuring ESS backup can be taken.

[0084] In this embodiment, it is proposed to solve the problem of instantaneous voltage drop by securing ESS backup.

[0085] FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a concept of charging a battery for extending its lifespan in each charging curve section using an ESS according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0086] As shown in 810 and 820 of FIG. 8, the charging curve of a device to be charged, such as an electric vehicle, may include a slow charging section in which charging is performed at a low charging power equal to or lower than a second standard (e.g., 80 kW) during a charging time section in which the SoC of the battery to be charged is higher than a first standard (e.g., 80% SoC).

[0087] Such a slow charge section is considered to be a section where power is intentionally supplied at a slow rate in consideration of battery stability when the battery's SoC is higher than the first criterion. Therefore, changes in grid power quality 830a, 830b (referred to as "ramping" unless otherwise noted) during such a slow charge section may generate a momentary power shock, potentially damaging the vehicle and / or battery.

[0088] Therefore, in one embodiment of the present invention, it is proposed to utilize an ESS to suppress the ramping period of power provided from the grid as described above.

[0089] Specifically, we propose a configuration in which, in sections where the SoC of the battery of the device to be charged is high, the ESS supplements grid power using the FR (Frequency Regulation) method, supplying electricity to the PCS that is as close to a sine wave as possible with the most accurate frequency, thereby reducing the impact on the vehicle and / or vehicle battery.

[0090] Meanwhile, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, since it is necessary to quickly supplement the output of the fluctuating grid as described above, we propose to use an ESS that uses a battery that has little performance change due to sudden output changes and is capable of high-speed charging and discharging. For this purpose, an ESS using a water-based battery is preferable, and we propose to use an ESS based on a vanadium-ion battery (VIB).

[0091] In relation to the battery life described in FIG. 8, the explanation has been centered on the use of ESS to assist power ramping 830a, 830b in the slow charging section. However, when using ESS, the impact on the vehicle / battery can also be reduced by temporarily halting grid power even in the fast charging area.

[0092] ESS battery type

[0093] In the description of the above-described embodiments, the battery used in the ESS does not need to be interpreted as being limited to a specific type. However, it is preferable to use a battery that can quickly supplement power from a fluctuating grid as described in Fig. 8. For this reason, an ESS based on a vanadium ion battery (VIB), which is a type of aqueous battery and has been proposed by the present applicant, will be described.

[0094] FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating battery types applied to an ESS according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0095] As mentioned above, there are various types of batteries that can be used in ESS, such as lead-acid batteries, lead carbon batteries, sodium sulfur (NAS) batteries, lithium ion batteries (LIBs), flow batteries, etc. Figure 9(A) illustrates a system that uses a LIB ESS210, which is currently attracting the most attention among the various ESS batteries.

[0096] LIBs have attracted attention because they have high energy density and power density, are about three times lighter than conventional lead-acid batteries, and can reduce space occupancy by 50-80% due to their high power density. They also have the advantage of being able to maintain a long service life by discharging 1-2% of their charge per month, allowing them to be used for about 10 years, and are expected to have 5,000 battery cycles depending on conditions.

[0097] However, when LIBs are operated with ESS, they are charged and discharged at a basic rate of 0.2~0.5C, and heat is generated when they are operated at a high C-rate, which makes continuous operation difficult and increases the risk of fire.

[0098] In addition, alkaline and lead batteries are generally operated at 0.05C (= 20 hours of discharge) to avoid a decrease in battery capacity (performance reduction) due to heat generation.

[0099] In contrast, the VIB developed by the present applicant is a secondary battery that uses vanadium ions as an active material to electrochemically store and release energy. Conventional vanadium-based batteries use only active materials (e.g., vanadium ions, H) that participate in electrochemical reactions. + VIBs store / release electrical energy by forcibly circulating / transporting / storing ions (cations, water, sulfuric acid, etc.) using an externally powered pump. In VIBs, the active materials in the cells and / or modules undergo ion conversion and migration using internal electric fields, osmotic pressure, concentration differences, etc., and the active materials store / release energy through electrochemical reactions within the cells and / or modules.

[0100] In particular, VIB can be charged and discharged at 0.5~5C (MAX 10C). In addition, it is driven using a water-soluble electrolyte, which means there is no risk of fire and it has the advantage of being able to use a wide range of SoC.

[0101] Therefore, FIG. 9B shows a configuration in which a VIB ESS 140 using this VIB is applied according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0102] For example, while LIBs generate heat and affect battery life at high output, VIBs can provide stable high output. Also, while LIBs have limitations such as 1C charge and 1C discharge, VIBs can control input and output flows at high output. For example, when a power outage occurs in the grid 110, the VIB ESS 140 can support both the grid 110 and the charger with high output. Therefore, using the VIB ESS 140 has the advantage of enabling highly efficient ESS charge and discharge management.

[0103] In particular, since there is no risk of fire due to overload in the case of a VIB, when this VIB is applied to the ESS of this embodiment, the system of the present invention can be preferably applied to various auxiliary facilities while ensuring safety, making it a very effective power supply system. Furthermore, since the use of the VIB ESS140 enables safe and efficient energy supply, it is very effective in energy conservation, the energy environment, and achieving carbon neutrality, and can be used as a safe and environmentally friendly energy supply means.

[0104] 9B, when the VIB ESS 140 is used, the high-speed charge / discharge performance of the VIB can be utilized to more efficiently utilize the amount of power measured by the multiple watt-hour meters 211, 212, and 220. For example, when the measurement value of the power meter 212 that measures the amount of power flowing into the charger suddenly decreases, this can be supported by high-speed discharge, and when the measurement value of the power meter 220 that measures the amount of power at the load end outside the ESS is below a predetermined standard, the VIB ESS 140 can be charged at high speed.

[0105] On the other hand, LIBs have upper and lower voltage limits and use a relatively narrow voltage range (window). Specifically, when LIBs are in a 0V or severe discharge state (a state lower than the lower voltage limit), dendrite material is generated, which can damage the separator and cause a short circuit (shot), potentially resulting in thermal runaway.

[0106] In contrast, VIB has an upper voltage limit but no lower voltage limit, so it has the advantage of being able to use a relatively wide voltage range (window). In other words, since no special problems occur even when the voltage drops to 0V or fully discharged, it can operate more flexibly according to the measurement conditions of multiple watt-hour meters.

[0107] Furthermore, in the case of LIBs, irreversible reactions (surface precipitation, solid electrolyte interphase, cracking) occur due to phase changes when charge-discharge cycles are repeated, which poses the problem of capacity differences occurring when a certain cycle is performed. However, in the case of VIBs, by utilizing reversible reactions, there is an advantage that there is no difference between the initial capacity and the capacity after a certain cycle is performed.

[0108] Meanwhile, in connection with the upper and lower voltage limits mentioned above, LIBs cannot be used below 20% SoC in practice (theoretically), but VIBs can be used below 20% SoC in practice (theoretically) because there is no lower voltage limit.

[0109] Here, the term "actual (theoretical) SoC" is a concept used to distinguish it from the SoC provided by manufacturers, who typically provide a range of actual SoCs from 0% to 100% to indicate a safe range for safety reasons. In contrast, "actual (theoretical) SoC" refers to an SoC where a fully charged battery is calculated as 100% and a fully discharged battery is calculated as 0%.

[0110] The main features of these LIBs and VIBs can be summarized as shown in Table 1 below.

[0111] [Table 1] JPEG2025536039000013.jpg52165

[0112] FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating the structure of a VIB ESS according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0113] As shown in Figure 10, the VIB ESS also includes components such as a battery, BMS, PCS, and EMS.

[0114] Specifically, a battery can be configured from the smallest cell unit to a module where 10-20 cells are grouped together, multiple modules can be configured into a pack, and multiple packs can be configured into a system level. Corresponding to this structure, the BMS can also have a hierarchical structure of a cell BMS (not shown), a module BMS 31 (level 1), a pack BMS 32 (level 2), and a system BMS 33 (level 3).

[0115] Here, each level refers to an operation level that includes not only the BMS described above but also other control configurations. For example, Level 2 specifies the control between the pack BMS 32 and the Level 1 control terminal and the control operation for the switchgear 34. Level 3 specifies the control operation between the system BMS 33 and the PMS 35 described above. Furthermore, the final Level 4 specifies the control operation between multiple PMSs 35 and the EMS 36.

[0116] Here, the switch gear 34 can control the battery and power line (contactor, precharge, fuse), and the linear IC 37 can turn on the switch 38 upon receiving a command from the pack BMS 32. In this case, "switch turn on" may mean performing balancing using a resistor, and the resistor may be a pattern resistor formed by a copper wire pattern on the board.

[0117] In the embodiments shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, the type of battery applied to the ESS is described as a VIB (FIGS. 9B and 10) in contrast to a LIB (FIG. 9A), but the type of battery applied to the ESS does not need to be limited to a VIB. For example, in this specification, the ESS may utilize a VRB (Vanadium Redox Battery), a PSB (Polysulfide Bromide Battery), a ZBB (Zinc-Bromine Battery), etc.

[0118] The detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above has been provided to enable those skilled in the art to embody and practice the present invention. Although the present invention has been described above with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention can be modified and changed in various ways without departing from the scope of the present invention. For example, those skilled in the art may use the various configurations described in the above embodiments in combination with each other.

[0119] Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein. [Industrial Applicability]

[0120] The battery life management system and battery charging method using the same according to the above-described embodiment of the present invention can be utilized not only for charging services for electric vehicles but also for increasing the battery life of various devices to be charged.

Claims

1. 1. A method for charging based on a battery life management system, comprising: Obtaining the required charging curve information for each type of device containing the battery to be charged; Predicting a time period in which the charging power on the obtained charging curve information changes suddenly at a rate greater than a predetermined rate; and A charging method based on a battery life management system, comprising limiting the charging power charged to the device including the battery during the predetermined predicted time interval, thereby reducing the change in charging power within the time interval to below the predetermined rate.

2. the device including the battery includes an electric vehicle; 2. The charging method based on a battery life management system according to claim 1, wherein the charging curve information is acquired based on the amount of charging energy required by the electric vehicle according to a charging time, with reference to one or more of the manufacturer, vehicle type, and vehicle model of the electric vehicle.

3. Reducing the change in charging power within the time interval to less than the predetermined rate includes:

3. The charging method based on the battery life management system according to claim 2, further comprising limiting the charging power charged to the electric vehicle within the amount of charging power required by the electric vehicle according to the charging time, thereby smoothing a gradient of change in the amount of charging power over time.

4. The battery life management system includes:

2. The charging method based on the battery life management system according to claim 1, wherein the charging method is activated when a user of the charging service selects a premium charging service in the battery charging service providing system.

5. the premium charging service includes a battery life extension charging service and a high-speed charging service; The charging method based on the battery life management system according to claim 4 , wherein the battery life management system is activated when the battery life extension charging service is selected from the battery charging service providing system.

6. 5. The charging method based on a battery life management system according to claim 4, further comprising: displaying a predicted life change when the battery life management system is activated.

7. the battery life management system further includes an ESS (Energy Storage System); 2. The charging method based on a battery life management system according to claim 1, wherein the ESS is configured to suppress instantaneous voltage drops in a grid.

8. The charging curve is a slow charging section in which charging is performed with a low charging power equal to or lower than a second reference during a charging time section in which the SoC (State of Charge) of the battery to be charged becomes higher than a first reference; 8. The charging method based on a battery life management system according to claim 7, wherein the ESS is configured to suppress a ramping period of power provided from the grid.

9. The charging curve is a high-speed charging section in which charging is performed with a high charging power equal to or greater than a second reference value during a charging time section in which the SoC (State of Charge) of the battery to be charged is lower than a first reference value; The charging method based on the battery life management system according to claim 7 , wherein the ESS is configured to provide auxiliary power during a period when power provided from the grid is temporarily interrupted.

10. 10. The charging method based on a battery life management system according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the ESS is an ESS that supports an instantaneous charging speed equal to or higher than a predetermined standard.

11. 11. The charging method based on a battery life management system according to claim 10, wherein the ESS is a VIB (Vanadium Ion Battery) based ESS.

12. A method for charging for each charging service type in a battery charging service providing system, comprising: When a user of the charging service selects a general charging service from the battery charging service providing system, a charging energy amount according to charging curve information required in a device including a battery to be charged is provided to the device; and When the user selects a premium charging service from the battery charging service providing system, the charging method includes limiting the amount of charging energy to be provided to the device in a time period in which the amount of charging energy changes rapidly at a rate greater than a predetermined rate according to the charging curve information.

13. the premium charging service includes a battery life extension charging service and a high-speed charging service; 13. The charging method for each charging service type according to claim 12, wherein limiting the amount of charging energy in the time interval is performed when the user selects the battery life extension charging service from the battery charging service providing system.

14. a memory for storing charge curve information required for each type of device including a battery to be charged; a processor configured to predict in advance a time period in which a change in charging power on the charging curve information stored in the memory will suddenly change at a rate equal to or greater than a predetermined rate; and A battery life management system including a charger that limits the charging power charged to the device including the battery during the time interval predicted in advance by the processor, and charges so as to reduce the change in charging power within the time interval to below the predetermined rate.

15. the device including the battery includes an electric vehicle; 15. The battery life management system of claim 14, wherein the memory stores the charging curve information so as to indicate an amount of charging energy required by the electric vehicle according to a charging time based on one or more of the manufacturer, vehicle type, and vehicle model of the electric vehicle.

16. 15. The battery life management system according to claim 14, wherein the charger is configured to limit the charging power charged to the electric vehicle based on the signal from the processor within the amount of charging power required by the electric vehicle according to the charging time, thereby smoothing a gradient of change in the amount of charging power over time.

17. The battery life management system is configured to be included in a battery charging service providing system, The battery charging service providing system includes an interface configured to allow a user of the charging service to select either a premium charging service or a general charging service, The battery life management system of claim 14 , wherein the battery life management system is configured to be activated when the premium charging service is selected via the interface.

18. The interface of the battery charging service providing system includes: The battery life management system of claim 17 , configured to display a predicted life change when the battery life management system is activated.

19. the battery life management system further includes an ESS (Energy Storage System); The battery life management system of claim 14 , wherein the ESS is configured to suppress grid voltage sags.

20. The charging curve is a slow charging section in which charging is performed with a low charging power equal to or lower than a second reference during a charging time section in which the SoC (State of Charge) of the battery to be charged becomes higher than a first reference; The battery life management system of claim 19 , wherein the ESS is configured to supplement the power provided from the grid by a frequency regulation (FR) method.

21. The charging curve is a high-speed charging section in which charging is performed with a high charging power equal to or greater than a second reference value during a charging time section in which the SoC (State of Charge) of the battery to be charged is lower than a first reference value; The battery life management system of claim 19 , wherein the ESS is configured to provide auxiliary power during intervals when power provided from the grid is temporarily discontinued.

22. The battery life management system according to claim 20 or 21, wherein the ESS is an ESS that supports an instantaneous charging rate equal to or higher than a predetermined standard.

23. 23. The battery life management system of claim 22, wherein the ESS is a VIB (Vanadium Ion Battery) based ESS.

24. In a battery charging service providing system that charges for each charging service type, an interface configured to allow a user of the charging service to select one or more of a plurality of types of charging service, including a premium charging service and a general charging service; a memory for storing charge curve information to be determined for a device including a battery to be charged; a processor configured to provide the device with an amount of charging energy according to the charging curve information when the general charging service is selected via the interface, and to limit the amount of charging energy during a time period in which the amount of charging energy according to the charging curve information changes rapidly at a rate greater than a predetermined rate when the premium charging service is selected via the interface, and to provide the amount of charging energy to the device;

25. the premium charging service includes a battery life extension charging service and a high-speed charging service; The battery charging service providing system according to claim 24 , wherein the processor is configured to limit the amount of charging energy in the time interval when the battery life extension charging service is selected via the interface.

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