Sound output device

Abstract

The sound output device 100 includes a housing 10, a bone conduction vibrator 11 that generates bone-conducted sound waves and transmits them to the cochlea through the housing 10 to generate sound, an air-conducted vibrator 12 that generates air-conducted sound waves and transmits them to the ear through a sound guide hole in the housing 10, and a processing module that supplies a first audio signal and a second audio signal to the bone conduction vibrator 11 and the air-conducted vibrator 12, respectively, where the first audio signal and the second audio signal have a crossover frequency and include frequency components above and below the crossover frequency, respectively, the crossover frequency being 600 Hz or higher. The device can effectively reduce the power consumption of the entire device, while achieving sufficient volume output and low sound leakage.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] [Incorporated by reference] This application claims priority to a Chinese application filed on May 12, 2023, bearing application number 202310541798.X, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

[0002] TECHNICAL FIELD This disclosure relates to the field of audio, and in particular to audio output devices. [Background technology]

[0003] The three aspects of a sound output device, namely, power consumption, volume, and sound leakage, affect and are restricted by each other. When outputting a high volume, the power consumption of the sound output device is also high, and sound leakage is not ideal.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a sound output device that can effectively reduce the power consumption of the entire device, while also achieving sufficient volume output and low sound leakage. Summary of the Invention

[0005] An acoustic output device according to one embodiment of the present specification includes a housing, a bone conduction vibrator that generates bone conduction sound waves and transmits them to the cochlea through the housing to generate sound, an air conduction vibrator that generates air conduction sound waves and transmits them to an ear portion through a sound guide hole on the housing, and a processing module that supplies a first audio signal and a second audio signal to the bone conduction vibrator and the air conduction vibrator, respectively, wherein the first audio signal and the second audio signal have a crossover frequency and each include frequency components equal to or greater than the crossover frequency and frequency components equal to or less than the crossover frequency, and the crossover frequency is 600 Hz or higher.

[0006] In some embodiments, the crossover frequency is 1500 Hz or higher.

[0007] In some embodiments, the housing includes two sound guide holes, and sound radiated into the far field through the two sound guide holes has directionality, where the directivity is expressed as a difference of 3 dB or more between the sound pressure level in the direction of a line connecting the two sound guide holes and the sound pressure level in at least one other direction.

[0008] In some embodiments, the sounds radiated from the two sound guide holes have an amplitude difference of less than 6 dB and a phase difference of 150° to 210°.

[0009] In some embodiments, the difference in acoustic loading between the two sound guides is less than 0.15.

[0010] In some embodiments, the ratio of the surface acoustic loadings of the two sound guide holes is between 0.5 and 3.5.

[0011] In some embodiments, the crossover frequency is less than or equal to 4000 Hz.

[0012] In some embodiments, the processing module performs high-pass filtering and low-pass filtering on the electrical signal containing the audio information to obtain the first audio signal and the second audio signal.

[0013] In some embodiments, the bone conduction vibrator includes a first magnetic circuit, a diaphragm, and a first coil, and the air conduction vibrator includes a vibrating membrane, a second magnetic circuit, and a second coil, and the angle between the first vibration direction in the first magnetic circuit of the diaphragm and the second vibration direction in the second magnetic circuit of the vibrating membrane is in the range of 80° to 100°.

[0014] In some embodiments, the center of mass of the bone conduction vibrator and the center of mass of the air conduction vibrator are spaced apart in the first vibration direction.

[0015] In some embodiments, the center of mass of the bone conduction vibrator and the center of mass of the air conduction vibrator are coplanar in the second vibration direction, and the bone conduction vibrator and the air conduction vibrator rotate relative to each other.

[0016] In some embodiments, the bone conduction vibrator includes two symmetrically arranged vibration plates located on either side of the first magnetic circuit, and the symmetry axes of the two vibration plates and the central axis of the air conduction vibrator are spaced apart in the first vibration direction.

[0017] In some embodiments, the second magnetic circuit of the air conduction vibrator is located on an opposite side of the vibrating membrane to the bone conduction vibrator.

[0018] In some embodiments, the housing includes a first sound guide hole and a second sound guide hole, the first sound guide hole being located in a side wall of the housing directly opposite the bottom wall on the side opposite the vibration membrane of the second magnetic circuit, and the second sound guide hole being connected to a front cavity on the side opposite the second magnetic circuit of the vibration membrane.

[0019] In some embodiments, the acoustic output device further includes an ear hook assembly connected to the housing, and the second sound conducting hole is located on a side wall of the housing away from the ear hook assembly along the extension direction of the ear hook assembly.

[0020] In some embodiments, the second sound guide hole includes two or more second sub-sound guide holes, and the acoustic output device further includes an ear hook assembly connected to the housing, and at least one second sub-sound guide hole of the two or more second sub-sound guide holes is located on an outer wall of the housing.

[0021] In some embodiments, the vibration plate has a major axis direction perpendicular to the first vibration direction, and the distance in the major axis direction between the lowest point of the bone conduction vibrator and the lowest point of the outer opening of the second sound conducting hole is 1.0 mm or more.

[0022] In some embodiments, the radius of curvature of the corner formed between the first side wall adjacent to the second sound conducting hole of the bone conduction vibrator and the second side wall adjacent to the vibration membrane of the bone conduction vibrator is greater than 1.0 mm.

[0023] In some embodiments, the distance between the center point of the corner formed between the first side wall adjacent to the second sound conducting hole of the bone conduction vibrator and the second side wall adjacent to the vibration membrane of the bone conduction vibrator and the apex of the edge of the vibration membrane is 1.5 mm or more.

[0024] In some embodiments, the front cavity includes an air passage communicating with the second sound guide hole, and the minimum cross-sectional area of ​​the air passage is 5.3 mm 2 That's all.

[0025] In some embodiments, the sound output device further includes a microphone, the housing has a microphone hole corresponding to the microphone, and the microphone hole and the second sound guide hole are covered with the same steel mesh.

[0026] In some embodiments, in the worn state, the microphone hole is closer to the ear hook assembly than the second sound guide hole.

[0027] The present specification will be further illustrated by exemplary embodiments, which are not limiting and will be described in detail with reference to the drawings, in which like numbers refer to like structures. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0028] [Figure 1] 1 is a schematic diagram of an acoustic output device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 2] FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a connection portion between a core assembly and an ear hook assembly according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 3] FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of the core assembly in FIG. 2. [Figure 4] 2 is a cross-sectional schematic view of a core assembly according to some embodiments of the present disclosure taken along the line AA. FIG. [Figure 5A] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional schematic view of a core assembly according to some other embodiments of the present specification taken along the line AA. [Figure 5B]FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a core assembly according to some other embodiments of the present specification. [Figure 6] 1 is a cross-sectional schematic view of a core assembly according to some embodiments of the present disclosure taken along the cross section line BB. [Figure 7] 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a second acoustic hole according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 8] 5A and 5B are schematic diagrams illustrating the installation positions of second sound conducting holes according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 9] 1 is a schematic view of a surface of a portion of a housing according to some embodiments herein. [Figure 10] 1 is a schematic view of a surface of a portion of a housing according to some embodiments herein. [Figure 11] FIG. 10 illustrates the effect of crossover frequency on power consumption of an audio output device, according to some embodiments herein. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0029] In order to more clearly describe the technical means of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings necessary for describing the embodiments will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only examples or parts of the embodiments of the present application, and those skilled in the art can apply the present application to other similar scenarios based on these drawings without any creative effort. Unless otherwise clear from the context or described otherwise, the same symbols in the drawings represent the same structures or operations.

[0030] It should be understood that the terms "system," "device," "unit," and / or "module" used herein are ways of distinguishing between various levels of assemblies, elements, components, parts, or structures. However, other terms may be used in place of the above terms if they achieve the same purpose.

[0031] As used herein and in the claims, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise, terms such as "a," "one," "one kind," and / or "the" do not specifically refer to the singular but may include the plural. In general, the terms "comprise" and "containing" merely indicate the inclusion of explicitly identified steps and elements, and these steps and elements are not an exclusive listing, and a method or apparatus may include other steps or elements.

[0032] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an acoustic output device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0033] Some embodiments of the present specification provide an audio output device 100. As shown in FIG. 1 , the audio output device 100 includes a core assembly 1, an ear-hook assembly 2, and a back-hook assembly 3. In some embodiments, the number of core assemblies 1 is two. The two core assemblies 1 transmit vibrations and / or sound to the user's left and right ears, respectively. The two core assemblies 1 may be the same or different. For example, one core assembly 1 may be provided with a microphone, while the other core assembly 1 may not. Also, for example, one core assembly 1 may be provided with buttons and a corresponding circuit board, while the other core assembly 1 may not. The two core assemblies 1 may have the same core module (e.g., speaker module). Hereinafter, the specification will be described in detail using one of the two core assemblies 1 as an example. The number of ear-hook assemblies 2 may be two, and the two ear-hook assemblies 2 can be hooked on the user's left and right ears, respectively, to bring the core assembly 1 into close contact with the user's face. For example, a battery may be installed in one ear hook assembly 2, and a control circuit or the like may be installed in the other ear hook assembly 2. One end of the ear hook assembly 2 is connected to the core assembly 1, and the other end is connected to the back hook assembly 3. The back hook assembly 3 connects the two ear hook assemblies 2 and is hung around the back of the user's neck or behind the brain, and can provide a clamping force so that the two core assemblies 1 are clamped on both sides of the user's face and the ear hook assemblies 2 can be more stably hung on the user's ears.

[0034] Note that in some embodiments, the audio output device 100 may not include the back-hanging assembly 3. In this case, the audio output device 100 includes one core assembly 1 and one ear-hooking assembly 2. The ear-hooking assembly 2 may have one end connected to the core assembly 1 and the other end extending along the boundary between the user's ear and head. In some embodiments, the ear-hooking assembly 2 may have an arc-shaped structure that fits the boundary between the user's ear and the ear so that it can be hung from the user's ear. For example, the ear-hooking assembly 2 may have an arc-shaped structure that fits the boundary between the user's head and ear so that it can be hung between the user's ear and the head. In some embodiments, the ear-hooking assembly 2 may have a clamping structure that fits the user's ear so that it can be clamped to the user's ear. Exemplarily, the ear-hooking assembly 2 may include a hook-shaped portion and a connecting portion connected in order. The connecting portion connects the hook-shaped portion to the core assembly 1 so that the audio output device 100 is curved in three-dimensional space when it is not worn (i.e., in its natural state). In other words, the hook-shaped portion, the connecting portion, and the core assembly 1 are not on the same plane in three-dimensional space. By arranging them in this manner, when the audio output device 100 is worn, the hook-shaped portion is primarily hooked between the back of the user's ear and the head, and the core assembly 1 is primarily in contact with the front of the user's ear or the user's head, thereby allowing the core assembly 1 and the hook-shaped portion to engage and hold the ear. For example, the connecting portion extends from the head to the outside of the head and can cooperate with the hook-shaped portion to apply a pressing force to the core assembly 1 toward the front of the ear. The pressing force allows the core assembly 1 to be pressed against the user's skin, so that the audio output device 100 does not block the ear canal of the ear when worn.

[0035] In some other embodiments, the acoustic output device 100 may not include the ear-hook assembly 2 and the back-hook assembly 3, but may include another fixing structure (not shown). The core assembly 1 is fixed to the fixing structure, thereby bringing the core assembly 1 into close contact with the user's ears, head, or other parts, and transmitting air-conducted sound waves and / or bone-conducted sound waves output from the core assembly 1 to the user. For example, the fixing structure may be a head-mounted structure that connects two core assemblies 1 (left and right) to form a head-mounted acoustic output device. Alternatively, the fixing structure may be, for example, a temple of eyeglasses, and the core assembly is fixed to the temple of the eyeglasses. Furthermore, for example, the fixing structure may be a helmet, a mask, or other structure, and is not specifically limited herein.

[0036] The structure of the core assembly 1 and other components of the sound output device 100 will be described below with reference to the drawings.

[0037] Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a connection portion between a core assembly and an ear hook assembly according to some embodiments of the present specification. Fig. 3 is an exploded perspective view of the core assembly in Fig. 2. As shown in Figs. 2 and 3, the core assembly 1 includes a housing 10, a bone conduction vibrator 11, and an air conduction vibrator 12.

[0038] In some embodiments, the housing 10 is provided with an accommodation cavity 1001 and an accommodation cavity 1002 that are separated from each other, and the accommodation cavity 1001 has a higher sealing property than the accommodation cavity 1002. The bone conduction vibrator 11 is provided in the accommodation cavity 1001, and the air conduction vibrator 12 is provided in the accommodation cavity 1002. In the sound output device 100, the bone conduction vibrator 11 and the air conduction vibrator 12 work together. The air conduction vibrator 12 generates air conduction sound waves and transmits them to the user's ear (or ear canal) through a sound guide hole (e.g., a first sound guide hole 1080) on the housing 10, allowing the user to receive air conduction sound. The bone conduction vibrator 11 generates bone conduction sound waves and transmits them to the user's cochlea through the housing 10, generating bone conduction sound. In some embodiments, the receiving cavity 1001 is configured as a completely sealed receiving cavity, and the receiving cavity 1002 is configured as a receiving cavity that ensures high sealing performance under sound generation conditions of the air conduction vibrator 12. By independently installing the bone conduction vibrator 11 and the air conduction vibrator 12 in the above manner, the sealing effect of the bone conduction vibrator 11 can be effectively improved, preventing the bone conduction vibrator 11 from being eroded and damaged by external environmental factors, and ensuring the sound quality effect of the air conduction vibrator 12. Furthermore, in the acoustic output device 100, when the bone conduction vibrator 11 and the air conduction vibrator 12 operate together, the bone conduction vibrator 11 and the air conduction vibrator 12 are installed in the accommodating cavity 1001 and the accommodating cavity 1002, respectively, thereby effectively preventing mutual interference between the bone conduction vibrator 11 and the air conduction vibrator 12 (for example, mutual interference between the vibrations generated by the bone conduction vibrator 11 and the vibrations generated by the air conduction vibrator 12), thereby effectively improving the sound quality of the acoustic output device 100.

[0039] 2 and 3, the housing 10 includes a first housing 101, a second housing 102, and a third housing 103. The first housing 101 and the second housing 102 engage with each other to form a receiving cavity 1001. The first housing 101 and / or the second housing 102 further form a portion of the receiving cavity 1002, and the third housing 103 and the first housing 101 and / or the second housing 102 engage with each other to form another portion of the receiving cavity 1002. In some embodiments, the housing 10 is formed by engaging a first housing 101, a second housing 102, and a third housing 103 with each other, the first housing 101 and the second housing 102 engaging with each other to form an accommodating cavity 1001, the first housing 101 may have a portion of the accommodating cavity 1002 installed therein, and the third housing 103 and the first housing 101 engaging with each other to form another portion of the accommodating cavity 1002, and by the housing 10 being formed by engaging the first housing 101, the second housing 102, and the third housing 103 in the above structure with each other, the structure of the core assembly 1 becomes compact, which is helpful in assembling the core assembly 1 and can improve the assembly efficiency of the core assembly 1. In some embodiments, a portion of the accommodating cavity 1002 may be installed in the second housing 102, and the third housing 103 and the second housing 102 may engage with each other to form another portion of the accommodating cavity 1002; alternatively, the first housing 101 and the second housing 102 may engage with each other to form a portion of the accommodating cavity 1002, and the third housing 103 and the first housing 101 and the second housing 102 may engage with each other to form another portion of the accommodating cavity 1002. Any of the housings 10 realized by the above embodiments can make the structure of the core assembly 1 compact and can be helpful in assembling the core assembly 1, improving the assembly efficiency of the core assembly 1.

[0040] In some embodiments, a partition wall 1012 is provided in the housing 10 to separate the storage cavity 1001 from the storage cavity 1002. In some embodiments, the partition wall 1012 may be provided in the first housing 101 and / or the second housing 102, where the first housing 101 and the second housing 102 engage with each other to form the storage cavity 1001, the first housing 101 and / or the second housing 102 further form a portion of the storage cavity 1002, and the third housing 103 engages with the first housing 101 and / or the second housing 102 to form another portion of the storage cavity 1002. The provision of the partition wall 1012 in the first housing 101 and / or the second housing 102 can be understood to mean that the partition wall 1012 is a part of the first housing 101 and / or the second housing 102. The first housing 101 and / or the second housing 102 further form a part of the receiving cavity 1002, and the third housing 103 and the first housing 101 and / or the second housing 102 engage with each other to form another part of the receiving cavity 1002. The installation manner of the partition wall 1012 is not limited to being installed in the first housing 101 and / or the second housing 102, and in other embodiments, the partition wall 1012 may be a member independent of the first housing 101 and / or the second housing 102.In some embodiments, the partition wall 1012 is installed in the first housing 101, and the first housing 101 is installed with a sub-accommodating cavity 1010 and a sub-accommodating cavity 1011 located on opposite sides of the partition wall 1012, the opening direction of the sub-accommodating cavity 1010 is installed along the wall surface of the partition wall 1012, and the opening direction of the sub-accommodating cavity 1011 is installed crossing the wall surface of the partition wall 1012, and the second housing 102 is installed with a sub-accommodating cavity 1010 and a sub-accommodating cavity 1011. 020 is installed in the second housing 102, the second housing 102 is installed over the open end of the sub-storage cavity 1010, and the sub-storage cavity 1020 and the sub-storage cavity 1010 engage to form the storage cavity 1001, and the third housing 103 is installed over the open end of the sub-storage cavity 1011, and the sub-storage cavity 1030 and the sub-storage cavity 1011 engage to form the storage cavity 1002.

[0041] The acoustic output of the audio output device 100 includes air-conducted sound waves and bone-conducted sound waves. The audio output device 100 outputs air-conducted sound waves near the user's ears, allowing the user to hear the sound while also radiating the sound to the surrounding environment, resulting in significant sound leakage from the audio output device 100. In application scenarios of the audio output device 100, increasing the output volume of the audio output device 100 allows the user to hear louder sounds, but the volume of the sound radiated to the surrounding environment also increases, resulting in increased sound leakage from the audio output device 100. Furthermore, if the vibration amplitudes of the bone conduction vibrator 11 and the air conduction vibrator 12 are correspondingly increased to increase the output volume of the audio output device 100, the power consumption of the audio output device 100 increases. The bone conduction vibrator 11 presses against a physical load (e.g., the second housing 102, the user's tissue, bones, etc.) to generate bone-conducted sound, and the air conduction vibrator 12 presses against an air load to generate air-conducted sound. In the low frequency range, the load applied by the bone conduction vibrator 11 to generate sound is greater than that applied by the air conduction vibrator 12, and under the same condition of increasing the output volume, the air conduction vibrator 12 consumes less power than the bone conduction vibrator 11. Therefore, in order to increase the output volume of the sound output device 100 and reduce its power consumption, the air conduction vibrator 12 can output more low frequency sound and the frequency band of the sound output by the bone conduction vibrator 11 can cover less of the low frequency range or be separated from the low frequency range. For example, the power consumption of the sound output device 100 can be reduced by outputting air conduction sound waves instead of bone conduction sound waves in the low frequency range (e.g., 20 Hz to 1000 Hz). However, if the sound output device 100 simultaneously outputs air-conducted sound waves in a high frequency band (e.g., 1000 Hz to 5000 Hz), sound leakage in the far field of the sound output device 100 increases (for example, as will be explained below, in the case of high frequency bands, the directionality in the far field of the air-conducted sound waves output by the sound output device 100 decreases, and the sound leakage reduction capability decreases), which affects the overall sound quality of the sound radiated by the sound output device 100. Therefore, by outputting air-conducted sound waves instead of bone-conducted sound waves in the high frequency band, the overall sound quality of the sound radiated by the sound output device 100 can be improved.By installing the device in this manner, the power consumption of the audio output device 100 can be significantly improved, and even when the output volume of the audio output device 100 is high, the power consumption can be maintained at a good level (see FIG. 11 and its description for details). Furthermore, by adjusting the frequency range of the air-conducted sound waves, the sound quality of the audio output device 100 can be adjusted to meet the user's needs.

[0042] In some embodiments, to adjust the frequency ranges of bone-conducted sound waves and air-conducted sound waves, the audio output device 100 further includes a processing module (not shown) that supplies a first audio signal and a second audio signal to the bone-conducted vibrator 11 and the air-conducted vibrator 12, respectively. Specifically, the audio output device 100 converts an original audio signal, i.e., an electrical signal containing audio information, into sound waves receivable by a user and outputs the converted signals. The processing module performs signal processing on the original audio signal to obtain the first audio signal and the second audio signal. The bone-conducted vibrator 11 vibrates in response to the first audio signal to generate bone-conducted sound waves, and the air-conducted vibrator 12 vibrates in response to the second audio signal to generate air-conducted sound waves. The signal processing here includes at least one of, but is not limited to, signal amplification, phase adjustment, filtering, etc. In some embodiments, the processing module can process the original audio signal using hardware, software (algorithm), or a combination thereof. For example, the processing module can amplify a signal using an amplifier circuit and / or an algorithm. In some embodiments, the hardware may include, but is not limited to, an equalizer (EQ), a dynamic range controller (DRC), a phase processor (GAIN), etc. In some embodiments, the processing module may be located inside at least one of the two core assemblies 1 and the two ear hook assemblies 2.

[0043] In some embodiments, the first audio signal and the second audio signal have a crossover frequency. In this application, the crossover frequency refers to a point in the frequency domain where the first audio signal and the second audio signal are output to the bone conduction vibrator 11 and the air conduction vibrator 12, respectively, after being processed by the processing module. The first audio signal includes a first frequency band (e.g., 500 Hz to 5 kHz) that includes frequency components whose frequencies are equal to or greater than the crossover frequency, and the second audio signal includes a second frequency band (e.g., 20 Hz to 500 Hz) that includes frequency components whose frequencies are equal to or less than the crossover frequency.

[0044] In this application, the crossover frequency is determined by connecting lead wires connected in parallel to the input terminals of the bone conduction vibrator 11 and the air conduction vibrator 12 to the output terminal of the processing module, and using a sound card and Audition software to record two sets of electrical signals and convert them into the frequency domain. The intersection of the curves corresponding to the frequency domain for the two sets of electrical signals is the crossover frequency of the two sets of electrical signals.

[0045] In some embodiments, based on the crossover frequency, the processing module can determine components in the original audio signal whose frequencies are within a first frequency band, i.e., the first audio signal, and components whose frequencies are within a second frequency band, i.e., the second audio signal. The bone conduction vibrator 11 vibrates in response to the first audio signal to generate bone-conducted sound waves within the first frequency band, and the air conduction vibrator 12 vibrates in response to the second audio signal to generate air-conducted sound waves within the second frequency band.

[0046] In the present specification, outputting audio in a low frequency band (e.g., the second frequency band) in the form of air-conducted sound waves helps reduce power consumption of the audio output device 100, and since sound leakage in the low frequency band (e.g., the second frequency band) is difficult for the human ear to hear, it has little impact on the user's listening and listening privacy. Outputting audio in a high frequency band (e.g., the first frequency band) in the form of bone-conducted sound waves and transmitting them through the user's tissues / skeleton can improve the sound quality of the output audio of the audio output device 100.

[0047] In some embodiments, the processing module can high-pass filter the original audio signal to obtain a first audio signal and low-pass filter the original audio signal to obtain a second audio signal. In some embodiments, the processing module includes a high-pass filter and a low-pass filter. The processing module high-pass filters and low-pass filters the original audio signal using the high-pass filter and the low-pass filter.

[0048] In some embodiments, the cutoff frequency of the low-pass filter may be the same as the cutoff frequency of the high-pass filter. After the original audio signal has been subjected to low-pass filtering, the portion of the original audio signal greater than the cutoff frequency, i.e., the crossover frequency, is removed, and low-frequency components below the cutoff frequency (i.e., the second audio signal) are mainly retained. Similarly, after the original audio signal has been subjected to high-pass filtering, the portion of the original audio signal less than the cutoff frequency, i.e., the crossover frequency, is removed, and high-frequency components above the cutoff frequency (i.e., the first audio signal) are mainly retained. In some embodiments, the cutoff frequency of the low-pass filter may be different from the cutoff frequency of the high-pass filter. In this case, the crossover frequency is the intersection point in the frequency domain between the first audio signal and the second audio signal output to the bone conduction vibrator and the air conduction vibrator.

[0049] In some embodiments, the original audio signal may be a specific audio signal. The specific audio signal may include an audio signal in the internal memory of the audio output device 100 or in an external device connected to the audio output device 100 for communication. For example, the audio signal in the internal memory of the audio output device 100 may include a white noise signal, a pure tone signal, a pulse signal, a narrowband noise, a narrowband warble tone, a modulated tone, and / or a sweep sound signal.

[0050] In some embodiments, the crossover frequency may be 600 Hz or higher to output more of the acoustic output of audio output device 100 in the form of air-conducted sound waves, thereby further reducing its power consumption and ensuring low sound leakage within the frequency range sensitive to the human ear. For example, the crossover frequency may be 600 Hz, 800 Hz, 1 kHz, 1.2 kHz, 1.5 kHz, 2 kHz, 2.5 kHz, 3 kHz, 3.5 kHz, 4 kHz, etc.

[0051] In some embodiments of the present specification, by setting a high crossover frequency, more of the acoustic output of the audio output device 100 is output in the form of air-conducted sound waves, and the air load exerted by the air-conducted vibrator 12 is reduced, thereby effectively reducing power consumption and ensuring that the audio output device 100 has a long duration even at high volume levels.

[0052] In some embodiments, in order to further reduce the power consumption of the acoustic output device 100, a higher crossover frequency can be set so that more of the acoustic output of the acoustic output device 100 is output in the form of air-conducted sound waves. In some embodiments, the crossover frequency is 1 kHz or higher. In some embodiments, the crossover frequency is 1.5 kHz or higher.

[0053] In some embodiments of the present specification, by setting a higher crossover frequency, more of the acoustic output of the acoustic output device 100 can be output in the form of air-conducted sound waves, thereby further reducing its power consumption (see, specifically, FIG. 11 and its description).

[0054] In some embodiments, in order to further reduce the power consumption of the audio output device 100, a higher crossover frequency can be set, for example, the crossover frequency can be set to 2 kHz or higher. However, in this case, since the human ear is sensitive to sounds lower than the crossover frequency, the higher the crossover frequency, the lower the directionality of air-conducted sound in the far field, which may increase sound leakage from the audio output device 100 and affect the user's listening and listening privacy.

[0055] Therefore, in some embodiments, to reduce sound leakage from the acoustic output device 100, the housing 10 (e.g., the first housing 101, the second housing 102, and / or the third housing 103) of the acoustic output device 100 may include two sound guide holes, for example, the first sound guide hole 1080 and the second sound guide hole 1081 shown in FIG. 6 . The first sound guide hole 1080 transmits and outputs air-conducted sound waves generated by the air-conducting vibrator 12, and the second sound guide hole 1081 reduces the pressure of the air-conducting vibrator 12, ensuring normal and stable operation of the air-conducting vibrator 12. The air-conducting vibrator 12 can radiate sounds having a phase difference to the outside through the two sound guide holes. In some embodiments, the air-conducting vibrator 12 can radiate sounds having equal (or substantially equal) amplitudes and opposite (or substantially opposite) phases to the outside through the two sound guide holes. The first sound guide hole 1080 and the second sound guide hole 1081 can form a dipole or dipole-like output structure, and the dipole or dipole-like structure can form a directional radiation sound field similar to the shape of an "8." The sound radiated from the sound guide hole is loudest in the linear direction of the line connecting the first sound guide hole 1080 and the second sound guide hole 1081, and the sound radiated in other directions is significantly quieter. Therefore, by providing at least two sound guide holes in the sound output device to form a dipole or dipole-like structure, the sound radiated from the sound output device to the surrounding environment (i.e., sound leakage into the far field) can be reduced.

[0056] In some embodiments, the first sound guide hole 1080 and the second sound guide hole 1081 form a dipole or dipole-like element, thereby improving the sound leakage reduction capability of the sound output device. Therefore, the amplitude difference between the sounds radiated from the two sound guide holes can be made smaller than 6 dB (for example, the amplitude difference is 1 dB, 3 dB, 5 dB, etc.), and the phase difference between the sounds radiated from the two sound guide holes can be within a range of 150° to 210°. In some embodiments, the dipole-like element formed by the first sound guide hole 1080 and the second sound guide hole 1081 becomes more standard, so the amplitude difference between the sounds radiated from the two sound guide holes is smaller than 5 dB and the phase difference is 160° to 200°. In some embodiments, the amplitude difference between the sounds radiated from the two sound guide holes is smaller than 3 dB and the phase difference is 170° to 190°. In some embodiments, the sounds radiated from the two sound guide holes have an amplitude difference of less than 3 dB and a phase difference of 175° to 185°. In some embodiments, the amplitude difference of the sounds radiated from the two sound guide holes is less than 6 dB, so that the near-field sound pressure level difference between the two sound guide holes can be made less than 6 dB. As can be seen, the smaller the near-field sound pressure level difference, the more pronounced sound waves in the far field with the same amplitude and opposite phase are canceled out, resulting in a greater effect of reducing sound leakage.

[0057] In this specification, the near-field sound pressure level difference refers to the difference in sound pressure levels of sounds radiated from each of the two sound guide holes to a near-field position. In this specification, the near-field position of a sound guide hole may refer to a position within 5 mm from the sound guide hole. For ease of understanding, the near-field sound pressure level difference can be expressed as the difference in sound pressure levels at the two sound guide holes of the sound output device 100.

[0058] In some embodiments, a method for testing near-field sound pressure levels may involve measuring the sound pressures of sounds (respectively, a first sound and a second sound) radiated from two sound guides at a specific frequency point (e.g., 1000 Hz) and calculating the sound pressure level difference between the first sound and the second sound (e.g., taking the common logarithm of the ratio between the measured sound pressure and the reference sound pressure, and then multiplying by 20 to obtain the sound pressure level). In some embodiments, when testing the sound of one sound guide, a barrier may be used to separate the two sound guides to prevent another sound guide from interfering with the test. The sound pressure at a sound guide may be understood to be the sound pressure at a position close to the sound guide. For example, a sound collecting device may be installed 4 mm away from the sound guide and collect the sound as the sound pressure at the sound guide.

[0059] In some embodiments, when testing the sound from two sound guide holes, the positions 4 cm away from each of the two sound guide holes (i.e., collection positions) may be located in a pair of opposite directions of the sound output device 100 (e.g., the position 4 cm away from the first sound guide hole is in the direction from the second sound guide hole to the first sound guide hole, and the position 4 cm away from the second sound guide hole is in the direction from the first sound guide hole to the second sound guide hole). Sound collection devices are installed at the two collection positions to collect the sound pressure levels of the sound output device 100, and the difference between the two sound pressure levels, i.e., the near-field sound pressure level difference between the two sound guide holes, is calculated.

[0060] In some embodiments of the present specification, by controlling the near-field sound pressures of the sounds radiated from the two sound guide holes to be close to each other, it is ensured that the first sound and the second sound effectively interfere with each other and cancel each other out in a specific direction in the far field, thereby effectively reducing sound leakage in the far field of the sound output device 100.

[0061] The near-field sound pressure level difference can be adjusted in various ways. In some embodiments, the near-field sound pressure level difference may be adjusted by adjusting the open area ratio of the two sound guide holes.

[0062] The open hole area ratio refers to the ratio between the area S1 of one sound guide hole and the area S2 of another sound guide hole, that is, the open hole area ratio is S1 / S2.

[0063] In some embodiments, the ratio of the opening areas of the two sound guide holes (i.e., the opening area ratio) may be 0.2, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, etc. In some embodiments, the range of the ratio of the opening areas of the two sound guide holes may be 0.5 to 2. By controlling the range of the opening area ratio of the two sound guide holes, the opening areas of the two sound guide holes can be made similar and the acoustic resistances of the two sound guide holes can be made similar, thereby reducing the difference in near-field sound pressure levels between the two sound guide holes and more significantly canceling out far-field sound leakage, thereby improving the effect of reducing far-field sound leakage.

[0064] Furthermore, the ratio of the open area of ​​the two sound conducting holes may be in the range of 0.8 to 1.25, 0.9 to 1.1, or 0.95 to 1.1. By further narrowing the range of the ratio of the open area of ​​the two sound conducting holes, the near-field sound pressure level difference can be reduced, and the effect of reducing sound leakage in the far field can be further improved.

[0065] In some embodiments, the near-field sound pressure level difference may be adjusted by adjusting the difference in acoustic load between the two sound guides. The acoustic load refers to the ratio of the sound pressure value P1 after passing through the sound guide to the sound pressure value P0 without passing through the sound guide, i.e., the acoustic load is P1 / P0. Note that for a sound guide, the larger the acoustic load (or the closer to 1), the smaller the acoustic resistance.

[0066] In some embodiments, the acoustic load of the sound guide hole can be determined by measuring the sound pressure value (corresponding to P1) when the sound guide hole is covered with a mesh and the sound pressure value (corresponding to P0) when the sound guide hole is not covered with a mesh at a specific distance, and then calculating the ratio of P1 to P0. Specifically, when testing the sound of the sound guide hole, a sound collecting device is placed 4 to 5 mm away from the sound guide hole, and then the sound pressure value (corresponding to P1) when the sound guide hole is covered with a mesh and the sound pressure value (corresponding to P0) when the sound guide hole is not covered with a mesh are collected, and finally the acoustic load of the sound guide hole can be calculated. Note that the test signal for the acoustic load may be a single frequency signal, and one or more frequency points may be selected therefrom, including, but not limited to, 100 Hz, 200 Hz, 300 Hz, 500 Hz, 1000 Hz, 2000 Hz, 5000 Hz, and the resonant frequency of the audio output device 100. The test signal may be white noise, pink noise, or a sweep signal. In some embodiments, the measured sound pressure level must first be converted to a sound pressure value and then calculated to obtain the acoustic load. Alternatively, the difference between the sound pressure levels measured before and after the sound guide hole is covered with the mesh can be calculated, and the acoustic load value of the sound guide hole can be back-calculated using a logarithmic formula.

[0067] In some embodiments, the difference in acoustic load between the two sound guide holes may include 0.1, 0.15, 0.2, etc. In some embodiments, the difference in acoustic load between the two sound guide holes may be less than 0.15. As can be understood, the smaller the difference in acoustic load between the two sound guide holes, the closer the acoustic resistances of the two sound guide holes will be, thereby reducing the difference in near-field sound pressure levels between the two sound guide holes and further increasing the effect of reducing sound leakage in the far field.

[0068] Furthermore, the difference in acoustic load between the two sound guides may be less than 0.1. Further narrowing the range of the difference in acoustic load between the two sound guides can further reduce the difference in near-field sound pressure levels between the two sound guides, thereby further improving the effect of reducing sound leakage in the far field. To reduce the power consumption of the audio output device 100, the crossover frequency can be shifted to a higher frequency. When the crossover frequency shifts to a higher frequency, i.e., when the air-conducted sound waves output by the audio output device 100 contain more high-frequency components, sound leakage in the far field of the audio output device 100 gradually increases. Therefore, when the crossover frequency shifts to a higher frequency, the difference in acoustic load between the two sound guides can be reduced, further improving the effect of reducing sound leakage in the far field and ensuring the output performance of the audio output device 100.

[0069] In some embodiments, the crossover frequency may be set to 600 Hz to 1 kHz to reduce the power consumption of the acoustic output device 100. In this case, the difference in acoustic load between the two sound guide holes may be 0 to 0.12 to reduce sound leakage in the far field of the acoustic output device 100. In some embodiments, the crossover frequency may be set to 1 kHz to 1.5 kHz to further reduce the power consumption of the acoustic output device 100. In this case, the difference in acoustic load between the two sound guide holes may be 0 to 0.1 to reduce sound leakage in the far field of the acoustic output device 100 (or the air conduction vibrator 12). In some embodiments, the crossover frequency may be set to 1.5 kHz to 2.5 kHz to further reduce the power consumption of the acoustic output device 100. In this case, the difference in acoustic load between the two sound guide holes may be 0 to 0.07 to reduce sound leakage in the far field of the acoustic output device 100 (or the air conduction vibrator 12). In some embodiments, in order to reduce the power consumption of the acoustic output device 100, the crossover frequency can be set within the range of 2.5 kHz to 4 kHz. In this case, in order to reduce sound leakage in the far field of the acoustic output device 100 (or the air conduction vibrator 12), the difference in acoustic load between the two sound guide holes may be 0 to 0.05.

[0070] In some embodiments, the near-field sound pressure level difference may be adjusted by adjusting the ratio of the surface acoustic loadings of the two sound guides.

[0071] The surface acoustic load refers to the product of the ratio of the sound pressure value P1 after passing through the sound guide hole to the sound pressure value P0 without passing through the sound guide hole and the area S of the sound guide hole; in other words, the surface acoustic load is S × P1 / P0.

[0072] In some embodiments, the ratio of the surface acoustic loads of the two sound guide holes may be 0.5, 1, 2.5, etc. In some embodiments, the range of the ratio of the surface acoustic loads of the two sound guide holes may be 0.5 to 3.5. By adjusting the ratio of the surface acoustic loads of the two sound guide holes and maintaining it within an appropriate ratio range, the acoustic resistances of the two sound guide holes can be made closer, thereby reducing the difference in near-field sound pressure levels between the two sound guide holes and improving the effect of reducing sound leakage in the far field.

[0073] Furthermore, the ratio of the surface acoustic loads of the two sound guide holes may be in the range of 0.8 to 2. As can be seen, by further narrowing the range of the ratio of the surface acoustic loads of the two sound guide holes, the effect of reducing far-field sound leakage can be made more pronounced. To reduce the power consumption of the sound output device 100, the crossover frequency can be shifted to a higher frequency. When the crossover frequency shifts to a higher frequency, i.e., when the air-conducted sound waves output by the sound output device 100 contain more high-frequency components, sound leakage in the far field of the sound output device 100 gradually increases. Therefore, when the crossover frequency shifts to a higher frequency, the ratio of the surface acoustic loads of the two sound guide holes can be reduced to further improve the effect of reducing far-field sound leakage and ensure the output performance of the sound output device 100.

[0074] In some embodiments, the crossover frequency may be set to 600 Hz to 1 kHz to reduce the power consumption of the acoustic output device 100. In this case, the ratio of the surface acoustic loads of the two sound guide holes may be in the range of 0.5 to 3.5 to reduce sound leakage in the far field of the acoustic output device 100. In some embodiments, the crossover frequency may be set to 1 kHz to 1.5 kHz to further reduce the power consumption of the acoustic output device 100. In this case, the ratio of the surface acoustic loads of the two sound guide holes may be in the range of 0.6 to 2.7 to reduce sound leakage in the far field of the acoustic output device 100 (or the air conduction vibrator 12). In some embodiments, the crossover frequency may be set to 1.5 kHz to 2.5 kHz to further reduce the power consumption of the acoustic output device 100. In this case, the ratio of the surface acoustic loads of the two sound guide holes may be in the range of 0.7 to 2 to reduce sound leakage in the far field of the acoustic output device 100 (or the air conduction vibrator 12). In some embodiments, in order to reduce the power consumption of the acoustic output device 100, the crossover frequency can be set within the range of 2.5 kHz to 4 kHz. In this case, in order to reduce sound leakage in the far field of the acoustic output device 100 (or the air conduction vibrator 12), the ratio of the surface acoustic loads of the two sound guide holes may be in the range of 0.9 to 1.2.

[0075] In some embodiments of the present specification, by adjusting the range of difference in acoustic loads of the two sound guide holes and / or the ratio of the surface acoustic loads, the acoustic resistances of the two sound guide holes can be made closer, thereby reducing the near-field sound pressure level difference between the two sound guide holes, making the constructed dipole or dipole-like sound field more directional in the far field, and further improving the effect of reducing sound leakage in the far field.

[0076] In some embodiments, in order to further reduce sound leakage in the far field of the sound output device 100, the first sound guide hole 1080 and the second sound guide hole 1081 can radiate sounds having a phase difference and / or amplitude difference to the outside, thereby further adjusting the dipole or near-dipole radiation sound field. Specifically, by adjusting the phase difference between the two sounds output from the two sound guide holes of the sound output device 100, the degree of cancellation in the far field of the sounds output by the sound output device 100 can be changed. If the phase difference satisfies a certain condition, the sound output device 100 can maintain a high volume output in a certain direction (e.g., toward the user's ear canal) while suppressing sound leakage output in the opposite direction from the sound output device 100. As a result, the sounds radiated to the outside from the first sound guide hole 1080 and the second sound guide hole 1081 have high directivity in the radiation space. High directivity may be expressed as the sound emitted from the two sound guide holes having a far-field sound pressure level difference of 3 dB or more in at least one pair of opposite directions (e.g., the direction in which the ear canal is located and the opposite direction), thereby increasing the volume in the direction in which the user's ear canal is located and reducing sound leakage in the opposite direction to the direction in which the user's ear canal is located and in other directions, and further enabling a better balance between openness of the ear canal and privacy for listening.

[0077] The far-field sound pressure level difference refers to the difference in sound pressure levels of sounds radiated in the far field from two sound guide holes. In this application, the far-field of a sound guide hole may refer to a position other than 10 cm from the sound guide hole. For ease of understanding, the far-field sound pressure level difference between two sound guide holes can be expressed as the difference in sound pressure levels at the same or approximately the same distance (or symmetrical positions) from the two holes in the direction of the line connecting the two sound guide holes. The test method for the far-field sound pressure level difference is similar to the test method for the near-field sound pressure level difference, and a description of the similarities will be omitted. The difference is that when measuring the far-field sound pressure level, for example, when collecting sound from the first sound guide hole 1080 (or the second sound guide hole 1081), the sound collection device can be installed at a position 30 cm away from the first sound guide hole 1080 (or the second sound guide hole 1081).

[0078] In some embodiments, the far-field sound pressure level difference between the two sound guides can be adjusted by setting the amplitude difference and phase difference between the sounds radiated from the two sound guides.

[0079] Note that the phase of the sound radiated from the sound guide holes (including the first sound guide hole 1080 and the second sound guide hole 1081) described in the examples of this specification may refer to the phase measured at a position 4 mm away from the sound guide hole (or the geometric center of the sound guide hole) (for example, a position 4 mm in front of the sound guide hole). In some examples, a method for testing the phase difference may be to measure the phase of the sounds radiated from the two sound guide holes (the first sound and the second sound, respectively) and then calculate the phase difference between the first sound and the second sound. When testing the sound from the first sound guide hole 1080 (or the second sound guide hole 1081), a barrier may be used to separate the first sound guide hole 1080 and the second sound guide hole 1081 to prevent the second sound guide hole 1081 (or the first sound guide hole 1080) from interfering with the test. Furthermore, a sound collecting device can be placed on a line connecting the first sound guide hole 1080 and the second sound guide hole 1081 to collect the first sound at a position 4 mm away from the first sound guide hole 1080 (or the second sound guide hole 1081), further preventing the second sound guide hole 1081 (or the first sound guide hole 1080) from interfering with the test. As a mere example, the dimensions of the barrier may be selected as standard dimensions. For example, the length, width, and height of the barrier may be 1650 mm, 1350 mm, and 30 mm, respectively. Note that if there are two or more first sound guide holes 1080 (or second sound guide holes 1081), any one of them may be selected for testing. For example, one first sound guide hole 1080 and one second sound guide hole 1081 at a specific relative position (e.g., minimum or maximum relative distance) may be selected, and the phase of the sounds emitted from each of them may be tested, and the phase difference may be calculated. Furthermore, audio measurement within a specific frequency band (e.g., 1000 Hz to 8000 Hz) does not necessarily need to be achieved comprehensively; it is sufficient to set multiple (e.g., 20 to 30) frequency sampling points with equal step sizes and whose endpoints are frequency band endpoints, and measure the audio at each sampling point.

[0080] In some embodiments of the present specification, by setting a high crossover frequency, most of the acoustic output of the acoustic output device 100 is output in the form of air-conducted sound waves by the air-conducting vibrator 12, thereby significantly reducing its power consumption. In addition, by using a dipole (two sound-conducting holes) output structure to reduce sound leakage, the acoustic output device 100 is guaranteed to consume low power, while having high sound leakage reduction capability at mid-low frequencies (e.g., 20 Hz to 2.5 kHz) and an overall low sound leakage phenomenon.

[0081] When the crossover frequency is greater than a certain frequency, air-conducted sound waves near the crossover frequency have high-frequency components. In the high-frequency band, due to the influence of the sound emission characteristics of the cavities corresponding to the two sound guides (e.g., generating more different modes in the high-frequency band), it is difficult to maintain the same amplitude of the sounds output from the two sound guides, and it is also difficult to stably maintain a 180° phase difference. This results in low sound directivity in the far field and poor sound leakage reduction capability. Therefore, in some embodiments, the crossover frequency is 4 kHz or less to ensure that the audio output device 100 has sufficient sound leakage reduction capability. In some embodiments, the crossover frequency is 3 kHz or less to ensure that the audio output device 100 has excellent sound leakage reduction capability.

[0082] In some embodiments of the present specification, by limiting the crossover frequency to 4 kHz or less, the difference in the radiation far-field sound pressure level between the two sound guide holes meets the requirement, ensuring the directionality of the sound in the far field and ensuring that the acoustic output device 100 has sufficient sound leakage reduction capability.

[0083] 3 , the vibration direction of the bone conduction vibrator 11 and the vibration direction of the air conduction vibrator 12 are arranged to intersect, the first housing 101 and the second housing 102 are engaged with each other along the vibration direction of the bone conduction vibrator 11, and the third housing 103 is engaged with the first housing 101 and / or the second housing 102 along the vibration direction of the air conduction vibrator 12. Specifically, the vibration direction of the bone conduction vibrator 11 and the vibration direction of the air conduction vibrator 12 are arranged to intersect. The vibration direction of the bone conduction vibrator 11 may be referred to as a first vibration direction X1 below, and the vibration direction of the air conduction vibrator 12 may be referred to as a second vibration direction X2 below. The first vibration direction X1 and the second vibration direction X2 are arranged to intersect each other rather than parallel to each other, for example, they are arranged perpendicular or nearly perpendicular (e.g., 90°±10°). When operating simultaneously, the bone conduction vibrator 11 and the air conduction vibrator 12 vibrate along a first vibration direction X1 and a second vibration direction X2, respectively. Since the vibration directions of the two vibrators are intersecting, the vibration of the bone conduction vibrator 11 can effectively reduce the influence of the vibration of the air conduction vibrator 12 on the sound quality. Furthermore, the first housing 101 and the second housing 102 are assembled by engaging with each other along the first vibration direction X1, and the third housing 103 and the first housing 101 are assembled by engaging with each other along the second vibration direction X2. For example, only the first housing 101 and the third housing 103 may be engaged with each other to form the receiving cavity 1002, and the third housing 103 may be engaged with only the first housing 101 along the second vibration direction X2. Similarly, in other embodiments of the housing 10, the third housing 103 should be engaged with the housing that forms the receiving cavity 1002 along the second vibration direction X2. This method is helpful in assembling the core assembly 1 and improves the assembly efficiency of the core assembly 1.

[0084] Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional schematic view of a core assembly according to some embodiments of the present specification taken along the line AA. Fig. 5A is a cross-sectional schematic view of a core assembly according to some other embodiments of the present specification taken along the line AA. Fig. 5B is a schematic structural view of a core assembly according to some other embodiments of the present specification.

[0085] 4, 5A, and 5B, the bone conduction vibrator 11 includes a first magnetic circuit 111, a diaphragm 112, and a first coil 113. The first coil 113 is inserted into a magnetic gap of the first magnetic circuit 111 along a first vibration direction X1, and the housing 10 is connected to a magnetically permeable cover 1112 of the first magnetic circuit 111. The magnetic field generated after the first coil 113 is energized interacts with the magnetic field generated by the first magnetic circuit 111, driving the diaphragm 112 to vibrate along the first vibration direction X1. The magnetically permeable cover 1112 vibrates under the action of a counterforce and transmits the vibration to the housing 10, and the housing 10 contacts the user's skin to transmit bone conduction sound waves.

[0086] In some embodiments, the first magnetic circuit 111 may include a magnet 1111 and a magnetically permeable cover 1112. For example, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the magnetically permeable cover 1112 may have a cylindrical structure and be fitted onto the outside of the first coil 113. The magnet 1111 may be installed within the first coil 113. The magnetically permeable cover 1112 and the magnet 1111 are spaced apart in a direction perpendicular to the first vibration direction X1. A magnetic gap of the first magnetic circuit 111 is formed between the inner wall of the magnetically permeable cover 1112 and the outside of the magnet 1111. The first coil 113 is located within the magnetic gap. In some embodiments, the magnetically permeable cover 1112 is fixed by being connected to the inner wall of the housing 10 (e.g., the first housing 101 and / or the second housing 102). In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, two diaphragms 112 are fixed to both sides of the cylindrical structure of the magnetically permeable cover 1112. In some embodiments, both ends of the magnetic permeable cover 1112 may be sealed, thereby forming a space surrounded by the magnetic permeable cover 1112 as a sealed space, and preventing sound generated in the first magnetic circuit 111 from leaking to the outside. In some embodiments, the first coil 113 may be fitted around the outside of the magnet 1111 around an axis parallel to the first vibration direction X1 of the bone conduction vibrator 11. In some embodiments, the magnetic permeable cover 1112 is fitted around the outside of the first coil 113 around an axis parallel to the first vibration direction X1 of the bone conduction vibrator 11, i.e., the magnetic permeable cover 1112 and the magnet 1111 are spaced apart in a direction perpendicular to the first vibration direction X1 of the bone conduction vibrator 11. Specifically, the first coil 113 may be connected to the magnetic permeable cover 1112. In some embodiments herein, the first coil 113 is in close contact with the inner wall of the magnetic permeable cover 1112.

[0087] In some embodiments, the magnet 1111 is fixed by the diaphragm 112. For example, the diaphragm 112 and the first magnetic circuit 111 may be arranged along the first vibration direction X1, and the side of the diaphragm 112 perpendicular to the first vibration direction X1 may be connected to the side of the magnet 1111 perpendicular to the first vibration direction X1, thereby realizing the fixation of the magnet 1111.

[0088] 4 and 5A, the diaphragm 112 may include a first diaphragm 1121 and a second diaphragm 1122. In the first vibration direction X1 of the bone conduction vibrator 11, the first diaphragm 1121 and the second diaphragm 1122 may be connected to the magnet 1111 on opposite sides of the magnet 1111. In some embodiments, the first diaphragm 1121 and the second diaphragm 1122 are symmetrically disposed on both sides of the first magnetic circuit 111. For example, the first diaphragm 1121 and the second diaphragm 1122 are symmetrically disposed on both sides of the first magnetic circuit 111 along the first vibration direction X1. In some embodiments, to facilitate installation, the symmetry axes of the first diaphragm 1121 and the second diaphragm 1122 and the central axis of the air conduction vibrator 12 may be spaced apart in the first vibration direction X1, thereby increasing the airflow rate of the second sound guide hole 1081 and / or the air flow path 1081a.

[0089] In some other embodiments of the present application, the bone conduction vibrator 11 may include only one diaphragm 112. In this case, the magnetically permeable cover 1112 may have a cylindrical structure with one end closed and the other end open. The diaphragm 112 may be installed on the open side of the magnetically permeable cover 1112. The magnet 1111 may be located inside the magnetically permeable cover 1112. The first coil 113 may be inserted into a magnetic gap formed between the inner wall of the magnetically permeable cover 1112 and the outside of the magnet 1111. The housing 10 is connected to the magnetically permeable cover 1112 by the diaphragm 112. The magnetic field generated after the first coil 113 is energized interacts with the magnetic field generated by the first magnetic circuit 111 to drive the diaphragm 112 to vibrate along the first vibration direction X1, and the vibration is transmitted to the housing 10 via the magnetically permeable cover 1112. The housing 10 is in contact with the user's skin to transmit bone-conducted sound waves.

[0090] 4, 5A, and 5B, the air conduction vibrator 12 includes a second magnetic circuit 121, a diaphragm 122, a second coil 123, and a frame 124. The frame 124 provides a mounting platform, and the second magnetic circuit 121, the diaphragm 122, and the second coil 123 are connected to the housing 10 via the frame 124. The diaphragm 122 covers the second coil 123 and the second magnetic circuit 121 in the second vibration direction X2. The second coil 123 is inserted into the magnetic gap of the second magnetic circuit 121 and connected to the diaphragm 122. The magnetic field generated when the second coil 123 is energized interacts with the magnetic field generated by the second magnetic circuit 121 to drive the diaphragm 122 to mechanically vibrate along the second vibration direction X2, and generates sound through a medium such as air, which is output through a sound guide hole.

[0091] In some embodiments, the second magnetic circuit 121 includes a magnet 1211 and a magnetically permeable cover 1212, a side of the magnet 1211 away from the diaphragm 122 is attached to a bottom wall of the magnetically permeable cover 1212, and a magnetic gap of the second magnetic circuit 121 is formed between the peripheral side of the magnet 1211 and the peripheral inner wall of the magnetically permeable cover 1212. In some embodiments, the peripheral outer wall of the magnetically permeable cover 1212 is connected and fixed to the frame 124. In some embodiments, an edge 1221 is provided on the peripheral side of the diaphragm 122, and the diaphragm 122 is connected and fixed to the frame 124 by the edge 1221. In some embodiments, the frame 124 is connected and fixed to the inner wall of the housing 10 (e.g., the second housing 102 and / or the third housing 103).

[0092] In some embodiments of the present specification, the diaphragm 112 vibrates along a first vibration direction X1, and the vibrating membrane 122 vibrates along a second vibration direction X2. The first vibration direction X1 and the second vibration direction X2 are arranged to intersect and form a certain angle therebetween, thereby avoiding mutual influence between the vibration of the bone conduction vibrator and the vibration of the air conduction vibrator and ensuring the sound generation efficiency and accuracy of the sound generation frequency of the bone conduction vibrator and the air conduction vibrator. In some embodiments, the angle between the first vibration direction X1 and the second vibration direction X2 ranges from 80° to 100° to minimize the influence of the interaction between the vibration of the bone conduction vibrator 11 and the vibration of the air conduction vibrator 12 on the sound output performance of the sound output device 100. In some embodiments, the angle between the first vibration direction X1 and the second vibration direction X2 ranges from 85° to 95°. In some embodiments, the angle between the first vibration direction X1 and the second vibration direction X2 ranges from 88° to 92°. In some embodiments, in order to minimize mutual influence between the vibration of the bone conduction vibrator 11 and the vibration of the air conduction vibrator 12, the first vibration direction X1 and the second vibration direction X2 should be as perpendicular as possible. For example, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the angle between the first vibration direction X1 and the second vibration direction X2 is 90°.

[0093] In some embodiments, the second magnetic circuit 121 of the air conduction vibrator 12 is located on the opposite side of the vibrating membrane 122 from the bone conduction vibrator 11. Specifically, the second coil 123, the frame 124, and the second magnetic circuit 121 are all located on the opposite side of the vibrating membrane 122 from the bone conduction vibrator 11.

[0094] In some embodiments of the present specification, because the vibrating membrane 122 covers the second coil 123 and the second magnetic circuit 121 in the second vibration direction X2, i.e., the area of ​​the vibrating membrane 122 in the second vibration direction X2 is larger than the area of ​​the second magnetic circuit 121 in the second vibration direction X2, in this case, by placing the second magnetic circuit 121 of the air conduction vibrator 12 on the opposite side of the vibrating membrane 122 from the bone conduction vibrator 11, region A of the housing 10 (as shown in FIGS. 4, 5A, and 5B, region A is located at the connection between the vibrating membrane 122 and the second magnetic circuit 121) can be easily provided in a chamfered structure, making the distribution of the bone conduction vibrator 11 and the air conduction vibrator 12 inside the housing 10 more rational and compact. When a user wears the audio output device 100, region A on the housing 10 is located at the user's tragus, and the chamfered region A can fit the shape of the tragus, preventing the audio output device 100 from pressing against the tragus and improving wearing comfort for the user. Furthermore, by placing the second magnetic circuit 121 of the air conduction vibrator 12 on the opposite side of the vibration membrane 122 from the bone conduction vibrator 11, the low-frequency sound of the audio output device 100 can be increased, further improving the audio output effect of the audio output device 100.

[0095] 4, 5A, and 5B, in order to ensure the pressure reduction effect of the second sound guide hole 1081, the center of mass of the bone conduction vibrator 11 and the center of mass of the air conduction vibrator 12 may be disposed with a gap between them in the first vibration direction X1. This may also be understood as the bone conduction vibrator 11 and the air conduction vibrator 12 being disposed with an offset in the first vibration direction X1, thereby increasing the airflow rate of the second sound guide hole 1081 and / or the air flow path 1081a. In addition, since the bone conduction vibrator 11 and the air conduction vibrator 12 are disposed with an offset in the first vibration direction X1, this helps to make the structural distribution of the bone conduction vibrator 11 and the air conduction vibrator 12 inside the housing 10 more rational and compact, and improves the appearance of the sound output device 100.

[0096] In some embodiments, the center of mass of the bone conduction vibrator 11 and the center of mass of the air conduction vibrator 12 may be on the same plane in the second vibration direction X2. The bone conduction vibrator 11 and the air conduction vibrator 12 may rotate relative to each other to increase the amount of air passing through the second sound guide hole 1081 and / or the air flow path 1081a and improve the pressure reduction effect of the second sound guide hole 1081. In this case, the angle between the minor axis direction of the bone conduction vibrator 11 (or the diaphragm 112) and the vibration direction of the vibrating membrane 122 of the air conduction vibrator 12 may be in the range of 0° to 30°. In some embodiments, the angle between the minor axis direction of the bone conduction vibrator 11 (e.g., the diaphragm 112) and the vibration direction of the vibrating membrane 122 of the air conduction vibrator 12 may be in the range of 1° to 20°. In some embodiments, the angle between the minor axis direction of the bone conduction vibrator 11 (for example, the diaphragm 112) and the vibration direction of the vibrating membrane 122 of the air conduction vibrator 12 may be in the range of 2° to 10°.

[0097] By rotating the bone conduction vibrator 11 and the air conduction vibrator 12 relative to each other, the distance between the center point of the corner formed between the first side wall 1001a facing the second sound guide hole 1081 of the bone conduction vibrator 11 and the second side wall 1001b close to the vibration membrane 122 of the bone conduction vibrator 11 and the vertex of the edge 1221 of the vibration membrane 122 of the air conduction vibrator 12 becomes larger, thereby increasing the cross-sectional area of ​​the air flow path 1081a and further increasing the airflow rate in the air flow path 1081a, thereby increasing the pressure reduction effect of the front cavity of the air conduction vibrator 12 and improving the low-frequency effect of the air conduction vibrator 12.

[0098] Fig. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a core assembly according to some embodiments of the present disclosure taken along the line BB. Fig. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a second acoustic hole according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0099] In some embodiments, the air conduction vibrator 12 is installed in a housing cavity 1002. The diaphragm 122 divides the housing cavity 1002 into a rear cavity 1004 and a front cavity 1003, which are located on opposite sides of the diaphragm 122. The rear cavity 1004 is located on the opposite side of the diaphragm 122 from the partition wall 1012, and the front cavity 1003 is located between the diaphragm 122 and the partition wall 1012. The first sound conducting hole 1080 connects the rear cavity 1004 to the external environment, and the second sound conducting hole 1081 connects the front cavity 1003 to the external environment. When the diaphragm 122 vibrates along the air conduction vibration direction X2, the pressure in the front cavity 1003 is reduced by the second sound conducting hole 1081.

[0100] In some embodiments, the first sound guiding hole 1080 is disposed in a portion of the housing 10 that forms the rear cavity 1004. In some embodiments, the second magnetic circuit 121 is located within the rear cavity 1004, and the first sound guiding hole 1080 is disposed in a side wall of the housing 10 that faces the bottom wall of the magnetically permeable cover 1212 (or the second magnetic circuit 121). With this installation method, when a user wears the sound output device 100, the first sound guiding hole 1080 faces the user's ear canal, so that the air-conducted sound waves output by the air-conducting vibrator 12 can more easily enter the user's ear canal.

[0101] In some embodiments, to avoid or reduce mutual influence in the near field between the sound output from the second sound conducting hole 1081 and the sound output from the first sound conducting hole 1080, the second sound conducting hole 1081 can be located as far away from the first sound conducting hole 1080 as possible while ensuring communication between the second sound conducting hole 1081 and the front cavity 1003. In some embodiments, the second sound conducting hole 1081 may be located on a side wall (which may be called a lower wall, or the lower wall 104 as shown in FIG. 9 ) of the housing 10 that is away from the ear hook assembly 2 along the extension direction of the ear hook assembly 2. In some embodiments, the second sound conducting hole 1081 may be located in a part of the housing 10 that forms the front cavity 1003 and is close to the partition wall 1012. When the user wears the sound output device 100, the second sound guide hole 1081 moves away from the ear hook assembly 2 and closer to the user's earlobe, thereby moving away from the user's ear canal, thereby avoiding or reducing the impact of the sound output from the second sound guide hole 1081 on the user's listening.

[0102] In some embodiments, at least a portion of the partition wall 1012 may extend toward the side where the accommodating cavity 1001 is located and form a portion of the hole wall of the second acoustic hole 1081, and the air flow path 1081a of the second acoustic hole 1081 may be arranged to extend toward the side where the accommodating cavity 1001 is located. This arrangement places the second acoustic hole 1081 further away from the first acoustic hole 1080, effectively reducing the influence of the second acoustic hole 1081 on the first acoustic hole 1080 and allowing the user to increase the listening volume. In addition, the air flow path 1081a of the second acoustic hole 1081 is arranged to extend toward the side where the accommodating cavity 1001 is located, so that the cross-sectional dimension of the air flow path 1081a gradually increases from the inlet end to the outlet end, ensuring the amount of air passing through the second acoustic hole 1081 and a high pressure reduction effect.

[0103] In some embodiments of the present specification, by locating the second sound guide hole 1081 on a side wall of the housing 10 away from the ear hook assembly 2, the second sound guide hole 1081 is located as far away as possible from the first sound guide hole 1080, thereby avoiding or reducing the impact of the sound output from the second sound guide hole 1081 on the user's listening and increasing the listening volume.

[0104] FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the installation position of the second sound conducting hole according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0105] 8, the second sound conducting hole 1081 may be disposed on an outer wall of the housing 10. The outer wall is the side wall of the housing 10 that is away from the user's face when the headphones are worn. Since the first sound conducting hole 1080 is disposed on the side wall of the housing 10 that faces the user's ear canal, in this case the second sound conducting hole 1081 is disposed on the side wall of the housing 10 that is away from the user's ear. By disposing the second sound conducting hole 1081 away from the user's ear canal, the sound output from the second sound conducting hole 1081 does not affect the listening experience in the ear canal, ensuring the user's listening mass.

[0106] In some embodiments, the sound output device 100 may simultaneously include two or more second sound guide holes that communicate with the front cavity 1003. The multiple second sound guide holes may be provided on any side wall of the housing 10. For example, the sound output device 100 may simultaneously include two second sound guide holes, one of which may be provided on the outer wall and another of which may be provided on the lower wall. Alternatively, for example, the sound output device 100 may simultaneously include two second sound guide holes, both of which may be provided on the lower wall.

[0107] In some embodiments, the second sound conducting hole 1081 communicates with the front cavity 1003 via the air flow path 1081a. In some embodiments, the diaphragm 112 has a long axis direction L1 perpendicular to the first vibration direction X1 (see FIG. 6 ). In the present application, the direction corresponding to the smallest dimension of the diaphragm 112 is the short axis direction of the diaphragm 112, and the direction perpendicular to the short axis direction is the long axis direction L1 of the diaphragm 112. To ensure that the sound output device 100 has sufficient space to install the air flow path 1081a, the distance d1 between the lowest point of the bone conduction vibrator 11 and the lowest point of the outer opening of the second sound conducting hole 1081 in the long axis direction L1 can be 1.00 mm or more, for example, 1.2 mm, 1.35 mm, 1.5 mm, 1.65 mm, 2 mm, etc. The lowest point described here may refer to the point farthest from the ear hook assembly 2 in the long axis direction L1 when worn.

[0108] In some embodiments of this specification, by limiting the distance between the lowest point of the bone conduction vibrator 11 in the longitudinal axis direction L1 and the lowest point of the outer opening of the second sound guide hole 1081, there is enough space in the front cavity 1003 to install the air flow path 1081a, which avoids the air flow path 1081a of the second sound guide hole 1081 being very narrow and ensures that the front cavity 1003 has sufficient decompression output to be canceled out in the far field with the sound of the first sound guide hole 1080, thereby reducing sound leakage in the far field.

[0109] In some embodiments, the front cavity 1003 has enough space for providing the air flow path 1081a, so that the radius of curvature of the corner formed between the first side wall 1001a adjacent to the second sound conducting hole 1081 of the bone conduction vibrator 11 and the second side wall 1001b adjacent to the vibration membrane 122 of the bone conduction vibrator 11 can be greater than 1.00 mm. For example, the radius of curvature may be 1.2 mm, 1.5 mm, 1.8 mm, 2 mm, 2.5 mm, etc. In some embodiments, since the front cavity 1003 has sufficient space for installing the air flow path 1081a, the distance d2 between the center point of the corner formed between the first side wall 1001a close to the second sound conducting hole 1081 of the bone conduction vibrator 11 and the second side wall 1001b close to the vibrating membrane 122 of the bone conduction vibrator 11 and the vertex of the edge 1221 of the vibrating membrane 122 in the second vibration direction X2 can be 1.2 mm or more, and the distance d2 may be, for example, 1.5 mm, 1.8 mm, 2 mm, 2.5 mm, 3 mm, etc. The vertex of the edge 1221 refers to the point on the edge 1221 closest to the bone conduction vibrator 11. In some embodiments, since there is sufficient space in the front cavity 1003 to install the air flow path 1081a, the distance d3 between the center point of the corner formed between the first side wall 1001a close to the second sound guide hole 1081 of the bone conduction vibrator 11 and the second side wall 1001b close to the vibration membrane 122 of the bone conduction vibrator 11 and the vertex of the edge 1221 of the vibration membrane 122 can be 1.5 mm or more, and for example, the distance d3 may be 1.8 mm, 2 mm, 2.4 mm, 2.6 mm, 3 mm, etc.

[0110] In some embodiments of the present specification, by limiting the radius of curvature of the corner close to the second sound guide hole 1081 on the bone conduction vibrator 11 and / or by limiting the distance between the center point of the corner close to the second sound guide hole 1081 on the bone conduction vibrator 11 and the vertex of the edge 1221 of the vibration membrane 122, there is sufficient space in the front cavity 1003 to install the air flow path 1081a, thereby avoiding the air flow path 1081a of the second sound guide hole 1081 being very narrow and ensuring that there is sufficient pressure reduction output to cancel out the sound from the first sound guide hole 1080.

[0111] In some embodiments, the cross-sectional area of ​​the air flow path 1081a of the second acoustic hole 1081 gradually increases in the direction from the accommodating cavity 1002 to the external environment. In other words, the side of the air flow path 1081a toward the accommodating cavity 1001 extends at an angle, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the air flow path 1081a gradually increases in the direction from the accommodating cavity 1002 to the external environment, which allows for smoother gas release and improves the quality of the sound generated by the acoustic output device 100. In some embodiments, to ensure that the second acoustic hole 1081 has sufficient decompression output to cancel out the sound from the first acoustic hole 1080 in the far field, the minimum cross-sectional area of ​​the air flow path 1081a of the second acoustic hole 1081 is 5.3 mm 2 In some embodiments, to ensure that the second sound guide hole 1081 has sufficient pressure reduction output to cancel out the sound of the first sound guide hole 1080 in the far field, the minimum cross-sectional area of ​​the air flow passage 1081a of the second sound guide hole 1081 is 6 mm 2 For example, the minimum cross-sectional area is 6.2 mm 2 , 6.5mm 2 , 6.8mm 2 etc. may also be used.

[0112] In some embodiments of the present specification, by limiting the minimum cross-sectional area of ​​the air flow path 1081a, the second sound guide hole 1081 has sufficient sound output to cancel out the sound from the first sound guide hole 1080, ensuring sufficient sound leakage reduction capability.

[0113] 9 and 10 are schematic diagrams of a surface of a portion of a housing according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0114] In some embodiments, the sound output device 100 further includes a microphone that converts a sound signal (sound wave) into an audio signal, and a microphone hole 1082 is provided in the housing 10 (e.g., the first housing 101, the second housing 102, and / or the third housing 103) of the sound output device 100. The microphone picks up external sound through the microphone hole 1082.

[0115] In some embodiments, the microphone hole 1082 is disposed adjacent to the second sound conducting hole 1081, and the microphone hole 1082 and the second sound conducting hole 1081 are covered with the same steel mesh 110. This arrangement effectively increases the overall dimensional area of ​​the steel mesh 110, reduces the risk of external adverse factors such as sweat or rainwater seeping into the steel mesh 110 to form a water film and block the second sound conducting hole 1081, and effectively ensures that the second sound conducting hole 1081 performs normal decompression operation, thereby effectively improving the stability of sound output from the sound output device 100. In addition, because the microphone hole 1082 and the second sound conducting hole 1081 are covered with the same steel mesh 110, the sound output device 100 can also achieve a high-quality appearance. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 9 , the steel mesh 110 is arranged in an arc shape. When a user wears the sound output device 100, sweat, rainwater, etc. flowing through the steel mesh 110 will eventually fall directly onto the bottom of the steel mesh 110 (at the location of the second sound conducting hole 1081) or will slide down and then fall, effectively preventing external contaminants such as sweat and rainwater from accumulating on the steel mesh 110 and causing clogging. Furthermore, by arranging the steel mesh 110 in an arc shape, the kinetic energy of external contaminants such as sweat and rainwater is effectively increased, effectively preventing external contaminants such as sweat and rainwater from accumulating on the steel mesh 110 and clogging the second sound conducting hole 1081. Furthermore, the operational stability of the sound output device 100 can be effectively improved.

[0116] In some embodiments, the housing 10 has a first recess 1004 that communicates with the second sound guide hole 1081 and the air flow path 1081a, and the steel mesh 110 further covers the opening of the first recess 1004. Based on this, when a liquid blocks a portion of the steel mesh 110, the first recess 1004 communicates with the air flow path 1081a, and sound from the front cavity 1003 can pass through the air flow path 1081a and be output to the outside from the first recess 1004. In other words, the first recess 1004 can serve as an auxiliary pressure reduction hole for the air conduction vibrator 12, effectively increasing the pressure reduction area of ​​the second sound guide hole 1081. When the second sound guide hole 1081 is blocked, the air conduction vibrator 12 continues to be depressurized by the first recess 1004, thereby ensuring the sound leakage reduction ability of the sound output device 100 and effectively reducing the probability and degree of loss of low-frequency sound from the sound output device 100, and further effectively improving the operational stability of the sound output device 100.

[0117] In some embodiments, the steel mesh 110 completely covers the first recess 1004, the microphone hole 1082, and the second sound guide hole 1081, thereby effectively preventing external factors such as sweat and rainwater from blocking the second sound guide hole 1081 and the first recess 1004, and effectively preventing other external particulate matter from entering the front cavity 1003 along the second sound guide hole 1081 and the first recess 1004 and causing damage to the air conduction vibrator 12, thereby effectively improving the stability of sound generation by the audio output device 100. Furthermore, the steel mesh 110 is installed in an arc shape in the above manner, so that external adverse factors such as sweat, rainwater, etc. that flow through the steel mesh 110 eventually fall directly to the bottom of the steel mesh 110 or slide down and then fall, effectively preventing the external adverse factors such as sweat, rainwater, etc. from accumulating and forming crystals on the steel mesh 110. Furthermore, installing the steel mesh 110 in an arc shape effectively increases the kinetic energy of the external adverse factors such as sweat, rainwater, etc., and effectively prevents the external adverse factors such as sweat, rainwater, etc. from accumulating on the steel mesh 110 and blocking the second sound guide hole 1081. Furthermore, the operational stability of the sound output device 100 can be effectively improved.

[0118] In some embodiments, at least a portion of the microphone hole 1082 can be closer to the ear hook assembly 2 than the second sound conducting hole 1081. When liquid such as sweat or rainwater flows along the surface of the housing 10 to the bottom of the steel mesh 110 (or the bottom of the housing 10), at least a portion of the microphone hole 1082 can be closer to the ear hook assembly 2 than the second sound conducting hole 1081. That is, when the acoustic output device 100 is in a worn state, the microphone hole 1082 is not located directly below the steel mesh 110, and therefore the steel mesh 110 extending to the position of the microphone hole 1082 is not easily blocked. The gas in the air flow path 1081a is transmitted to the steel mesh extending to the position of the microphone hole 1082 via the second sound conducting hole 1081 and output to the outside, ensuring normal operation of the air conduction vibrator 12.

[0119] In some embodiments of the present specification, the area of ​​the steel mesh 110 is increased or a cavity is formed between the outer surface of the steel mesh 110 and the outer surface of the housing 10, thereby preventing the steel mesh 110 from being completely blocked by liquid, ensuring that sound from the second sound guide hole 1081 can be output smoothly and ensuring the sound leakage reduction ability of the audio output device 100.

[0120] FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating the effect of crossover frequency on power consumption of an audio output device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. In FIG. 11, the abscissa represents the output volume of the audio output device 100 (the numerical values ​​represent the volume level), and the ordinate represents the current consumption of the audio output device 100. The higher the current, the greater the power consumption. Curve 1 represents the power consumption at standard volume when the target product duration is 10 hours, and curve 2 represents the power consumption at standard volume when the target product duration is 12 hours. Curves 3, 4, 5, and 6 represent the current consumption of the audio output device 100 when the crossover frequencies are 2 kHz, 1.5 kHz, 1 kHz, and 500 Hz, respectively. As can be seen from FIG. 11, power consumption tends to increase as the output volume (volume level) increases. Furthermore, as the crossover frequency increases, power consumption at the same output volume decreases significantly. When the crossover frequency is 2 kHz, i.e., curve 3, is lower than curve 2 and closer to curve 1 at volume levels between 11 and 12. Additionally, as the crossover frequency increases, the tendency for current consumption to increase with volume also becomes more gradual, so increasing the crossover frequency also has the advantage of reducing power consumption at higher volume levels.

[0121] Therefore, in some embodiments, the crossover frequency may be set to 1 kHz, 2 kHz or more, and sound leakage from the sound output device 100 is reduced by using a dipole (two sound guide holes) output structure, ensuring low power consumption, while providing high sound leakage reduction capability in the mid-low frequencies (e.g., 20 Hz to 2.5 kHz) of the sound output device 100 and resulting in an overall low sound leakage phenomenon.

[0122] Although the basic concepts have been described above, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the detailed disclosure above is merely provided by way of example and is not intended to limit the present specification. Although not expressly described herein, those skilled in the art may make various changes, improvements, and modifications to the present specification. These changes, improvements, and modifications are intended to be suggested by the present specification and are therefore within the spirit and scope of the exemplary embodiments of the present specification.

Claims

1. Housing and a bone conduction vibrator that generates bone conduction sound waves and transmits them to the cochlea through the housing to generate sound; an air conduction vibrator that generates air conduction sound waves and transmits them to an ear through a sound guide hole on the housing; a processing module that supplies a first audio signal and a second audio signal to the bone conduction vibrator and the air conduction vibrator, respectively, wherein the first audio signal and the second audio signal have a crossover frequency and each include frequency components equal to or greater than the crossover frequency and frequency components equal to or less than the crossover frequency, and the crossover frequency is 600 Hz or greater.

2. The acoustic output device according to claim 1 , wherein the crossover frequency is 1500 Hz or higher.

3. 2. The acoustic output device of claim 1, wherein the housing includes two sound guide holes, and the sound radiated into the far field through the two sound guide holes has directionality, and the directionality is expressed as a difference of 3 dB or more between the sound pressure level in the direction of a line connecting the two sound guide holes and the sound pressure level in at least one other direction.

4. 4. The sound output device according to claim 3, wherein the sounds radiated from the two sound guide holes have an amplitude difference of less than 6 dB and a phase difference of 150° to 210°.

5. The sound output device according to claim 4 , wherein a difference in acoustic load between the two sound guide holes is less than 0.

15.

6. The acoustic output device according to claim 4 , wherein the crossover frequency is equal to or lower than 4000 Hz.

7. The sound output device according to claim 1 , wherein the processing module performs high-pass filtering and low-pass filtering on an electrical signal containing audio information to obtain the first audio signal and the second audio signal.

8. the bone conduction vibrator includes a first magnetic circuit, a diaphragm, and a first coil; the air conduction vibrator includes a vibrating membrane, a second magnetic circuit, and a second coil; 2. The acoustic output device according to claim 1, wherein the angle between the first vibration direction of the diaphragm in the first magnetic circuit and the second vibration direction of the diaphragm in the second magnetic circuit is in the range of 80° to 100°.

9. The sound output device according to claim 8 , wherein the center of mass of the bone conduction vibrator and the center of mass of the air conduction vibrator are spaced apart in the first vibration direction.

10. 9. The acoustic output device of claim 8, wherein the bone conduction vibrator includes two symmetrically arranged vibration plates located on either side of the first magnetic circuit, and the symmetry axes of the two vibration plates and the central axis of the air conduction vibrator are spaced apart in the first vibration direction.

11. The sound output device according to claim 8 , wherein the second magnetic circuit of the air conduction vibrator is located on an opposite side of the vibration membrane from the bone conduction vibrator.

12. 12. The acoustic output device of claim 11, wherein the housing includes a first sound guide hole and a second sound guide hole, the first sound guide hole being located in a side wall of the housing directly facing a bottom wall on the opposite side of the second magnetic circuit from the vibration membrane, and the second sound guide hole being connected to a front cavity in which the opposite side of the vibration membrane from the second magnetic circuit is located.

13. 13. The acoustic output device of claim 12, further comprising an ear hook assembly connected to the housing, wherein the second sound guide hole is located on a side wall of the housing away from the ear hook assembly along an extension direction of the ear hook assembly.

14. 14. The sound output device according to claim 13, wherein the vibration plate has a long axis direction perpendicular to the first vibration direction, and the distance in the long axis direction between the lowest point of the bone conduction vibrator and the lowest point of the outer opening of the second sound guide hole is 1.0 mm or more.

15. 14. The sound output device according to claim 13, wherein a radius of curvature of a corner formed between a first side wall of the bone conduction vibrator adjacent to the second sound conducting hole and a second side wall of the bone conduction vibrator adjacent to the vibration membrane is greater than 1.0 mm.

16. The front cavity includes an air flow path that communicates with the second sound conducting hole, and the minimum cross-sectional area of ​​the air flow path is 5.3 mm ２ The sound output device according to claim 12 .

17. The sound output device according to claim 13 , further comprising a microphone, wherein the housing has a microphone hole corresponding to the microphone, and the microphone hole and the second sound guide hole are covered with the same steel mesh.

18. The sound output device according to claim 17 , wherein, in a worn state, the microphone hole is closer to the ear hook assembly than the second sound guide hole.

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